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Jayawickrama SM, Ranaweera PM, Pradeep RGGR, Jayasinghe YA, Senevirathna K, Hilmi AJ, Rajapakse RMG, Kanmodi KK, Jayasinghe RD. Developments and future prospects of personalized medicine in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma diagnoses and treatments. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2045. [PMID: 38522008 PMCID: PMC10961052 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precision healthcare has entered a new era because of the developments in personalized medicine, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This paper explores the dynamic landscape of personalized medicine as applied to HNSCC, encompassing both current developments and future prospects. RECENT FINDINGS The integration of personalized medicine strategies into HNSCC diagnosis is driven by the utilization of genetic data and biomarkers. Epigenetic biomarkers, which reflect modifications to DNA that can influence gene expression, have emerged as valuable indicators for early detection and risk assessment. Treatment approaches within the personalized medicine framework are equally promising. Immunotherapy, gene silencing, and editing techniques, including RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9, offer innovative means to modulate gene expression and correct genetic aberrations driving HNSCC. The integration of stem cell research with personalized medicine presents opportunities for tailored regenerative approaches. The synergy between personalized medicine and technological advancements is exemplified by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) applications. These tools empower clinicians to analyze vast datasets, predict patient responses, and optimize treatment strategies with unprecedented accuracy. CONCLUSION The developments and prospects of personalized medicine in HNSCC diagnosis and treatment offer a transformative approach to managing this complex malignancy. By harnessing genetic insights, biomarkers, immunotherapy, gene editing, stem cell therapies, and advanced technologies like AI and ML, personalized medicine holds the key to enhancing patient outcomes and ushering in a new era of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kalpani Senevirathna
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaKandySri Lanka
| | | | | | - Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi
- School of DentistryUniversity of RwandaKigaliRwanda
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- Cephas Health Research Initiative IncIbadanNigeria
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
| | - Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaKandySri Lanka
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaKandySri Lanka
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2
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Kadian LK, Verma D, Lohani N, Yadav R, Ranga S, Gulshan G, Pal S, Kumari K, Chauhan SS. Long non-coding RNAs in cancer: multifaceted roles and potential targets for immunotherapy. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04933-1. [PMID: 38413478 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a major global health concern with high mortality rates mainly due to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key regulators of gene expression in human cancer, functioning through various mechanisms including as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and indirectly regulating miRNA expression. LncRNAs have been found to have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles in cancer, with the former promoting cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and poor prognosis. Recent research has shown that lncRNAs are expressed in various immune cells and are involved in cancer cell immune escape and the modulation of the tumor microenvironment, thus highlighting their potential as targets for cancer immunotherapy. Targeting lncRNAs in cancer or immune cells could enhance the anti-tumor immune response and improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes. However, further research is required to fully understand the functional roles of lncRNAs in cancer and the immune system and their potential as targets for cancer immunotherapy. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted roles of lncRNAs in human cancers, with a focus on their potential as targets for cancer immunotherapy. By exploring the intricate mechanisms underlying lncRNA-mediated regulation of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and immune evasion, we provide insights into the diverse therapeutic applications of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh K Kadian
- Dept of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
- Dept of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, 46202, USA
| | - Deepika Verma
- Dept of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Neelam Lohani
- Dept of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Dept of Genetics, MD University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Shalu Ranga
- Dept of Genetics, MD University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Gulshan Gulshan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanghapriya Pal
- Dept of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospital, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Kiran Kumari
- Dept of Forensic Science, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Shyam S Chauhan
- Dept of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Zhou S, Cao C, Hu J. Long Non-Coding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 4 Induced by Transcription Factor SP1 Promoted the Progression of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Through Modulating microRNA-510-5p/Centromere Protein F Axis. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:1967-1986. [PMID: 36899270 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are implicated with tumorigenesis and the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Previous studies suggested that long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 4 (SNHG4) exerted oncogenic roles in various cancers. However, the function and molecular mechanism of SNHG4 in NPC have not been investigated. In our study, it was confirmed that the SNHG4 level was enriched in NPC tissues and cells. Functional assays indicated that SNHG4 depletion inhibited the proliferation and metastasis but promoted apoptosis of NPC cells. Furthermore, we identified miR-510-5p as a downstream gene of SNHG4 in NPC cells and SNHG4 upregulated CENPF expression by binding to miR-510-5p. Moreover, there was a positive (or negative) association between CENPF and SNHG4 (or miR-510-5p) expression in NPC. In addition, rescue experiments verified that CENPF overexpression or miR-510-5p silencing abrogated inhibitory effects on NPC tumorigenesis caused by SNHG4 deficiency. The study demonstrated that SNHG4 promoted NPC progression via miR-510-5p/CENPF axis, providing a novel potential therapeutic target for NPC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 251 East Baizhang Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Cheng Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 251 East Baizhang Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiandao Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 251 East Baizhang Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Li H, Wang Z, Zhao B, Zhang H, Fan D, Ma H, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Sperm-borne lncRNA loc100847420 improves development of early bovine embryos. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 257:107333. [PMID: 37729849 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) that play a significant role in bovine embryo development; but the influence of sperm-borne lncRNA on the preimplantation development of bovine embryos has not been reported in detail. In this study, we aimed to clarify how sperm-borne lncRNAs can act to regulate early development of bovine embryos. Utilizing high-throughput sequencing technology and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), we found that the lncRNA, loc100847420, was highly enriched in bovine sperm and was carried into the oocyte during fertilization. Introduction of wild-type loc100847420 had no effect on cleavage rate of parthenogenetic embryos compared with injection of mutant loc100847420 (70.58 ± 2.85% vs 70.46 ± 1.98%, p > 0.05), but significantly improved the blastocyst rate (33.67 ± 2.40% vs 28.35 ± 3.06%, p < 0.05), total numbers of cells (p < 0.05), numbers of inner cell mass (ICM) cells (p < 0.05) and numbers of trophoblast (TE) cells (p < 0.05). In summary, the sperm-borne lncRNA, loc100847420, can improve the developmental potential of early bovine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&∼F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&∼F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Baobao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&∼F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&∼F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Dexiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&∼F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Huiming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&∼F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&∼F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
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Yang X, Liu L, Shen X, Shi L, Liu W. Dysregulation and implications of lncRNAs and miRNAs in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma: In reply with emphasis on the role of ceRNAs. Oral Oncol 2023; 136:106277. [PMID: 36508884 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) competitively sequestering microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in biological processes of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). In this Letter, the ceRNA regulatory networks consisting of lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axes in TSCC were summarized. Dysregulated profiles containing 33 lncRNAs and 31 miRNAs were identified by cancer-associated phenotypes verification. Almost all the lncRNAs could exert the oncogenic roles to sponge miRNAs and regulate targeting mRNA expression, thereby modulating cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, migration, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as well as chemoresistance. Significantly, the implications of functional ceRNAs deactivated in tumor cells contribute to the exploitation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Fengcheng Hospital of Fengxian District, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Fengcheng Branch Hospital, Shanghai, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, e Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemin Shen
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, e Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linjun Shi
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, e Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Taheri F, Ebrahimi SO, Heidari R, Pour SN, Reiisi S. Mechanism and function of miR-140 in human cancers: A review and in silico study. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154265. [PMID: 36509008 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) acts as a tumor suppressor and plays a vital role in cell biological functions such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA repair. The expression of this miRNA has been shown to be considerably decreased in cancer tissues and cell lines compared with normal adjacent tissues. Consequently, aberrant expression of some miR-140 target genes can lead to the initiation and progression of various human cancers, such as breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancers, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. The dysregulation of the miR-140 network also affects cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis of cancer cells by affecting various signaling pathways. Besides, up-regulation of miR-140 could enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in different cancer. We aimed to cover most aspects of miR-140 function in cancer development and address its importance in different stages of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Taheri
- Department of Genetics, Sharekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sharekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Omar Ebrahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Razieh Heidari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Somaye Nezamabadi Pour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Somayeh Reiisi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Entezari M, Taheriazam A, Orouei S, Fallah S, Sanaei A, Hejazi ES, Kakavand A, Rezaei S, Heidari H, Behroozaghdam M, Daneshi S, Salimimoghadam S, Mirzaei S, Hashemi M, Samarghandian S. LncRNA-miRNA axis in tumor progression and therapy response: An emphasis on molecular interactions and therapeutic interventions. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113609. [PMID: 36037786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic factors are critical regulators of biological and pathological mechanisms and they could interact with different molecular pathways. Targeting epigenetic factors has been an idea approach in disease therapy, especially cancer. Accumulating evidence has highlighted function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as epigenetic factors in cancer initiation and development and has focused on their association with downstream targets. microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most well-known targets of lncRNAs and present review focuses on lncRNA-miRNA axis in malignancy and therapy resistance of tumors. LncRNA-miRNA regulates cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis and autophagy in cancers. This axis affects tumor metastasis via regulating EMT and MMPs. Besides, lncRNA-miRNA axis determines sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Based on the studies, lncRNAs can be affected by drugs and genetic tools in cancer therapy and this may affect expression level of miRNAs as their downstream targets, leading to cancer suppression/progression. LncRNAs have both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressor functions in cancer and this unique function of lncRNAs has complicated their implication in tumor therapy. LncRNA-miRNA axis can also affect other signaling networks in cancer such as PI3K/Akt, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin and EZH2 among others. Notably, lncRNA/miRNA axis can be considered as a signature for diagnosis and prognosis in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sima Orouei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shayan Fallah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Arezoo Sanaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shamin Rezaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hajar Heidari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Public Health University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Mitra Behroozaghdam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Matuszyk J. MALAT1-miRNAs network regulate thymidylate synthase and affect 5FU-based chemotherapy. Mol Med 2022; 28:89. [PMID: 35922756 PMCID: PMC9351108 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The active metabolite of 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), used in the treatment of several types of cancer, acts by inhibiting the thymidylate synthase encoded by the TYMS gene, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in DNA replication. The major failure of 5FU-based cancer therapy is the development of drug resistance. High levels of TYMS-encoded protein in cancerous tissues are predictive of poor response to 5FU treatment. Expression of TYMS is regulated by various mechanisms, including involving non-coding RNAs, both miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Aim To delineate the miRNAs and lncRNAs network regulating the level of TYMS-encoded protein. Main body Several miRNAs targeting TYMS mRNA have been identified in colon cancers, the levels of which can be regulated to varying degrees by lncRNAs. Due to their regulation by the MALAT1 lncRNA, these miRNAs can be divided into three groups: (1) miR-197-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-375-3p which are downregulated by MALAT1 as confirmed experimentally and the levels of these miRNAs are actually reduced in colon and gastric cancers; (2) miR-140-3p, miR-330-3p that could potentially interact with MALAT1, but not yet supported by experimental results; (3) miR-192-5p, miR-215-5p whose seed sequences do not recognize complementary response elements within MALAT1. Considering the putative MALAT1-miRNAs interaction network, attention is drawn to the potential positive feedback loop causing increased expression of MALAT1 in colon cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, where YAP1 acts as a transcriptional co-factor which, by binding to the TCF4 transcription factor/ β-catenin complex, may increase the activation of the MALAT1 gene whereas the MALAT1 lncRNA can inhibit miR-375-3p which in turn targets YAP1 mRNA. Conclusion The network of non-coding RNAs may reduce the sensitivity of cancer cells to 5FU treatment by upregulating the level of thymidylate synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Matuszyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 R. Weigla Street, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Li J, Momen-Heravi F, Wu X, He K. Mechanism of METTL14 and m6A modification of lncRNA MALAT1 in the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oral Dis 2022. [PMID: 35467063 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) plays an epigenetic role in various cancer through N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. This study sought to analyze the mechanism of METTL14 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell proliferation. METHODS Expression levels of METTL14, lncRNA metastasis associated with lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNA MALAT1), microRNA (miR)-224-5p, and histone lysine demethylase 2A (KDM2A) in OSCC tissues (N = 40), and cell lines (FaDu, SCC-25, CAL-27, and SCC-15) were detected. Cell viability and colony formation capacity were assessed. m6A level, stability, and subcellular localization of lncRNA MALAT1 were determined. Nude mouse xenograft tumor assay was performed to confirm the role of METTL14 in vivo. RESULTS METTL14 and lncRNA MALAT1 were upregulated, and miR-224-5p was downregulated in OSCC tissues and cells. Silencing METTL14 repressed OSCC cell viability and colony formation. Overexpression of MALAT1 and KDM2A or miR-224-5p downregulation reversed the inhibition of silencing METTL14 on OSCC cell proliferation. METTL14 induced m6A modification of MALAT1 to upregulate MALAT1. MALAT1 is comparatively bound to miR-224-5p to promote KDM2A transcription. In vivo, METTL14 promoted tumor growth via regulating MALAT1/miR-224-5p/ KDM2A. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings verified the therapeutic role of silencing METTL14 in OSCC treatment through the MALAT1/miR-224-5p/KDM2A axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, 923 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanning City, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Cancer Biology and Immunology Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xun Wu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Southern Medical University Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kaili He
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
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10
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Jiang M, Liu F, Yang AG, Wang W, Zhang R. The role of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:127-138. [PMID: 35024439 PMCID: PMC8717422 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers are a heterogeneous collection of malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract, salivary glands, and thyroid. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) remain poorly understood. Over the past decades, overwhelming evidence has demonstrated the regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis, including HNSCC. Notably, these lncRNAs have vital roles in gene regulation and affect various aspects of cellular homeostasis, including proliferation, survival, and metastasis. They exert regulating functions by interacting with nucleic acids or proteins and affecting cancer cell signaling. LncRNAs represent a burgeoning field of cancer research, and we are only beginning to understand the importance and complicity of lncRNAs in HNSCC. In this review, we summarize the deregulation and function of lncRNAs in human HNSCC. We also review the working mechanism of lncRNAs in HNSCC pathogenesis and discuss the potential application of lncRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic tools and therapeutic targets in human HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - An-Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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11
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Zheng M, Liu J, Meng C, Tang K, Liao J. Prognostic and clinicopathological importance of microRNA-140 expression in cancer patients: a meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:266. [PMID: 34479600 PMCID: PMC8417971 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) is one of the most widely investigated miRNAs in cell carcinogenesis and cancer development. Despite present proposals of employing miR-140 as a candidate biomarker for cancer prognosis, its effectiveness in predicting patient survival and clinicopathological outcome is still under debate. Methods A systematic search for English literature using online databases was performed with pre-established criteria. Odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were collected to delineate the correlation between miR-140 levels and cancer patient prognosis. Results For this meta-analysis, we selected 12 papers for analysis, involving 1386 participants. Based on our analysis, high levels of miR-140 were strongly correlated with enhanced patient overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.728, 95% CI = 0.601-0.882, P = 0.001). In addition, we also observed that elevated miR-140 levels significantly led to better OS in patients with cancers in different parts of the body like digestive system (HR = 0.675, 95% CI = 0.538-0.848, P = 0.001), digestive tract (HR = 0.709, 95% CI = 0.565-0.889, P = 0.003), and head and neck (HR = 0.603, 95% CI = 0.456-0.797, P < 0.001). Additionally, we verified that the low miR-140 levels was related to advanced TNM stage (OR = 0.420, 95% CI = 0.299-0.590, P < 0.001), worse histologic grade (OR = 0.410, 95% CI = 0.261-0.643, P < 0.001), and positive lymph node metastasis status (OR = 0.341, 95% CI = 0.144-0.807, P = 0.014). Conclusions Taken together, our results suggest that elevated miR-140 levels can be employed as a favorable biomarker for cancer patient prognosis. This information can greatly benefit in the formation of an individualized therapeutic plan for the treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 12 Lingyin Road, Zhejiang, 310013, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingting Liu
- Department of Health Management, Sir Run Run Shaw International Medical Centre, 9 Jingtan Road, Zhejiang, 310000, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 12 Lingyin Road, Zhejiang, 310013, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaifeng Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 12 Lingyin Road, Zhejiang, 310013, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 12 Lingyin Road, Zhejiang, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
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12
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Ye D, Deng Y, Shen Z. The Role and Mechanism of MALAT1 Long Non-Coding RNA in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4127-4136. [PMID: 34267526 PMCID: PMC8275198 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s317234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the head and neck. HNSCC mainly affects the oral cavity and the laryngeal, laryngopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal tracts. The high incidence, hidden onset, low survival rate, and unsatisfactory effects of treatment effect underscore the importance of identify the mechanisms of HNSCC occurrence and development. Although there is a very urgent need for early diagnosis and treatment, there are currently no reliable early HNSCC diagnosis biomarkers or effective treatment targets. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is widely involved in biological processes, especially as a key regulator of tumorigenesis and development. Lung adenocarcinoma metastasis-associated transcript 1 (MALAT1) is an important member of the lncRNA family that can regulate the occurrence and development of a variety of malignant tumors and is anticipated to be an ideal marker for early tumor diagnosis and an effective therapeutic target. Here, we review the research progress into the role of MALAT1 in the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC and its regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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13
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Ren X, Li L, Wu J, Lin K, He Y, Bian L. PDGF-BB regulates the transformation of fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts via the lncRNA LURAP1L-AS1/LURAP1L/IKK/IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:537. [PMID: 34079593 PMCID: PMC8157341 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The most abundant cells in the tumor microenvironment are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). They play an important role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB has an obvious regulating effect on the formation of CAFs through binding to PDGF receptor (PDGFR)-β, but the role of long non-coding (lnc)RNA in PDGF-BB-induced transformation of fibroblasts into CAFs remains poorly understood. Using an lncRNA ChIP, 370 lncRNA transcripts were identified to be significantly and differentially expressed between fibroblasts and PDGF-BB-induced fibroblasts, including 240 upregulated lncRNAs and 130 downregulated lncRNAs, indicating that lncRNAs are involved in the regulation of the transformation of CAFs. Previous studies have shown that the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway plays an important role in the activation of CAFs. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and co-immunoprecipitation were conducted to confirm that the leucine-rich adaptor protein 1-like (LURAP1L), which is the target of lncRNA LURAP1L antisense RNA 1 (LURAP1L-AS1) had a positive regulatory effect on I-κB kinase (IKK)/NF-κB signaling. Therefore, LURAP1L-AS1 was selected and PDGF-BB was demonstrated to upregulate the expression of LURAP1L-AS1 and LURAP1L, which was reversed by a PDGFR-β inhibitor. Subsequently, knocking down LURAP1L-AS1 suppressed the expression of PDGF-BB-induced fibroblast activation marker protein α-smooth muscle actin, fibroblast activation protein-α, PDGFR-β and phosphorylated (p)-PDGFR-β. IKKα, p-IĸB and p-NF-κB were downregulated by the knockdown of LURAP1L-AS1 and upregulated by overexpression of LURAP1L-AS1. The present study indicates that LURAP1L-AS1/LURAP1L/IKK/IĸB/NF-κB plays an important regulatory role in PDGF-BB-induced fibroblast activation and may become a potential target for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Ren
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 530102, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 530102, P.R. China
| | - Ken Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| | - Yongwen He
- Department of Dental Research, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 530102, P.R. China
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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14
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He G, Pang R, Han J, Jia J, Ding Z, Bi W, Yu J, Chen L, Zhang J, Sun Y. TINCR inhibits the proliferation and invasion of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating miR-210/BTG2. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:753. [PMID: 34187411 PMCID: PMC8243464 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Terminal differentiation-induced ncRNA (TINCR) plays an essential role in epidermal differentiation and is involved in the development of various cancers. Methods qPCR was used to detect the expression level of TINCR in tissues and cell lines of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). The potential targets of TINCR were predicted by the bioinformation website. The expression of miR-210 and BTG2 genes were detected by qPCR, and the protein levels of BTG2 and Ki-67 were evaluated by western blot. CCK-8 assay, scratch test, and transwell chamber were used to evaluate the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis ability of LSCC cells. The relationships among TINCR, miR-210, and BTG2 were investigated by bioinformatics software and luciferase reporter assay. The in vivo function of TINCR was accessed on survival rate and tumor growth in nude mice. Results We used qRT-PCR to detect the expression of TINCR in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues and cells and found significantly lower levels in cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues. Additionally, patients with high TINCR expression had a better prognosis. TINCR overexpression was observed to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of LSCC cells. TINCR was shown to exert its antiproliferation and invasion effects by adsorbing miR-210, which significantly promoted the proliferation and invasion of laryngeal squamous cells. Overexpression of miR-210 was determined to reverse the tumour-suppressive effects of TINCR. BTG2 (anti-proliferation factor 2) was identified as the target gene of miR-210, and BTG2 overexpression inhibited the proliferation and invasion of LSCC cells. BTG2 knockdown relieved the inhibitory effects of TINCR on the proliferation and invasion of LSCC. Finally, TINCR upregulation slowed xenograft tumour growth in nude mice and significantly increased survival compared with control mice. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that TINCR inhibits the proliferation and invasion of LSCC by regulating the miR-210/BTG2 pathway, participates in cell cycle regulation, and may become a target for the treatment of LSCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08513-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jihua Han
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jinliang Jia
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhaoming Ding
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wen Bi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiawei Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiewu Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, China.
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15
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Lei CS, Kung HJ, Shih JW. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Functional Codes for Oral Cancer: Translational Potential, Progress and Promises. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4903. [PMID: 34063159 PMCID: PMC8124393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the leading malignant tumors worldwide. Despite the advent of multidisciplinary approaches, the overall prognosis of patients with oral cancer is poor, mainly due to late diagnosis. There is an urgent need to develop valid biomarkers for early detection and effective therapies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recognized as key elements of gene regulation, with pivotal roles in various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. Over the past few years, an exponentially growing number of lncRNAs have been identified and linked to tumorigenesis and prognosis outcomes in oral cancer, illustrating their emerging roles in oral cancer progression and the associated signaling pathways. Herein, we aim to summarize the most recent advances made concerning oral cancer-associated lncRNA, and their expression, involvement, and potential clinical impact, reported to date, with a specific focus on the lncRNA-mediated molecular regulation in oncogenic signaling cascades and oral malignant progression, while exploring their potential, and challenges, for clinical applications as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cing-Syuan Lei
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Wen Shih
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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16
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Meng X, Wang ZF, Lou QY, Rankine AN, Zheng WX, Zhang ZH, Zhang L, Gu H. Long non-coding RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Diagnostic biomarkers, targeted therapies, and prognostic roles. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 902:174114. [PMID: 33901464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
At present, emerging evidence shows that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles for development of multiple tumors. Amongst these ncRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play prominent roles in physiological and pathological processes. LncRNAs are RNA transcripts larger than 200 nucleotides and have been shown to serve important regulatory roles in different types of cancer via interactions with DNA, RNA and proteins. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most malignant tumors with low survival rates in advanced stages. Recently, lncRNAs have been demonstrated to be involved in a wide range of biological processes, including proliferation, metastasis, and prognosis of HNSCC. Therefore, this review describes molecular mechanisms of up- or down-regulation of lncRNAs and expounds their functions in pathology and clinical practices in HNSCC. It also highlights their potential clinical applications as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of HNSCC. However, studies on lncRNAs are still not comprehensive, and more investigations are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Meng
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Zi-Fei Wang
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Qiu-Yue Lou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Abigail N Rankine
- Clinical Medicine in Chinese (MBBS), Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wan-Xin Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Zi-Hao Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China; Periodontal Department, Anhui Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Su K, Wang N, Shao Q, Liu H, Zhao B, Ma S. The role of a ceRNA regulatory network based on lncRNA MALAT1 site in cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111389. [PMID: 33601150 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a type of non-coding RNA of more than 200 nucleotides, long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) lack protein coding ability and can regulate gene expression. MicroRNAs(miRNAs), which are also non-coding RNAs, are short single-stranded RNAs, usually composed of 18-23 nucleotides. MiRNAs inhibits gene expression by specifically binding to the 3'-UTR of downstream target mRNAs and can function as oncogenes or suppressor oncogenes to regulate the occurrence and development of cancer. LncRNAs can function as competitive endogenous RNAs that bind to miRNAs, resulting in the recovery of downstream mRNA expression and activity. The regulatory network existing between lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs regulates a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion as well as cell-cycle arrest. Disruption of the ceRNA network affects cell growth and development and often leads to various diseases, especially cancer. The lncRNA MALAT1, which is located on chromosome 11q13, contains more than 8000 nucleotides and is implicated in the occurrence and development of many cancers. Here, we review the impact of the ceRNA network and the lncRNA MALAT1 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Nannan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Qianqian Shao
- Scientific Research Office of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceuticals, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Bao Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
| | - Shiyin Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Bahroudi Z, Shoorei H, Abak A, Ahin M, Taheri M. microRNA-140: A miRNA with diverse roles in human diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111256. [PMID: 33434855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of a wide range of pathologies including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, renal fibrosis, ischemic conditions, and most importantly neoplasia. This miRNA has been shown to be down-regulated in a diversity of cancers namely breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancers, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. miR-140 has a lot of immune-related targets. Moreover, several miR-140 targets regulate cell proliferation, cell cycle transition, and apoptosis. This miRNA has been shown to be sponged by a number of lncRNAs and circ-RNAs. miR-140 has essential roles in the determination of the sensitivity of neoplastic cells to chemotherapeutic agents such as temozolomide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. Besides, expression quantities of miR-140 in cancer tissues can be used for the prediction of clinical outcomes of patients with neoplasia. In the present paper, we describe the impact of miR-140 in neoplastic and non-neoplastic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahroudi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maliheh Ahin
- Taleghani Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Xu Y, Jiang E, Shao Z, Shang Z. Long Noncoding RNAs in the Metastasis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:616717. [PMID: 33520725 PMCID: PMC7845733 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.616717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Metastasis is the main cause of the death of OSCC patients. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), one of the key factors affecting OSCC metastasis, are a subtype of RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides that has little or no coding potential. In recent years, the important role played by lncRNAs in biological processes, such as chromatin modification, transcription regulation, RNA stability regulation, and mRNA translation, has been gradually revealed. More and more studies have shown that lncRNAs can regulate the metastasis of various tumors including OSCC at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. In this review, we mainly discussed the role and possible mechanisms of lncRNAs in OSCC metastasis. Most lncRNAs act as oncogenes and only a few lncRNAs have been shown to inhibit OSCC metastasis. Besides, we briefly introduced the research status of cancer-associated fibroblasts-related lncRNAs in OSCC metastasis. Finally, we discussed the research prospects of lncRNAs-mediated crosstalk between OSCC cells and the tumor microenvironment in OSCC metastasis, especially the potential research value of exosomes and lymphangiogenesis. In general, lncRNAs are expected to be used for screening, treatment, and prognosis monitoring of OSCC metastasis, but more work is still required to better understand the biological function of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Erhui Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Shao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengjun Shang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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20
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Fu S, Wang Y, Li H, Chen L, Liu Q. Regulatory Networks of LncRNA MALAT-1 in Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10181-10198. [PMID: 33116873 PMCID: PMC7575067 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s276022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding (lnc)RNAs are a group of RNAs with a length greater than 200 nt that do not encode a protein but play an essential role in regulating the expression of target genes in normal biological contexts as well as pathologic processes including tumorigenesis. The lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript (MALAT)-1 has been widely studied in cancer. In this review, we describe the known functions of MALAT-1; its mechanisms of action; and associated signaling pathways and their clinical significance in different cancers. In most malignancies, including lung, colorectal, thyroid, and other cancers, MALAT-1 functions as an oncogene and is upregulated in tumors and tumor cell lines. MALAT-1 has a distinct mechanism of action in each cancer type and is thus at the center of large gene regulatory networks. Dysregulation of MALAT-1 affects cellular processes such as alternative splicing, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, and autophagy, which ultimately results in the abnormal cell proliferation, invasion, and migration that characterize cancers. In other malignancies, such as glioma and endometrial carcinoma, MALAT-1 functions as a tumor suppressor and thus forms additional regulatory networks. The current evidence indicates that MALAT-1 and its associated signaling pathways can serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target in the treatment of many cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shaoguan, The Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan 512025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanzhong Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
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21
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Zhao X, Hong Y, Cheng Q, Guo L. LncRNA PART1 Exerts Tumor-Suppressive Functions in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma via miR-503-5p. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9977-9989. [PMID: 33116583 PMCID: PMC7548330 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s264410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) accounts for one-third of oral cancers. Previous studies had reported that lncRNA/miRNA regulated the biological behaviors of different cancer cells. However, the mechanisms of PART1 in regulating tumorigenesis and TSCC development via targeting miR-503-5p had not been studied. Methods The expressions of PART1 and miR-503-5p in tissues and cultured cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR. StarBase 3.0 was used to predict the binding sites of PART1, then dual-luciferase assay and RNA pull-down assay were executed to confirm whether miR-503-5p was a target of PART1. TSCC cells were co-transfected with PART1-overexpressed plasmid or miR-503-5p mimics in vitro, and the transfection efficiency was evaluated through qRT-PCR. Western blot was performed to assess the expressions of EMT-related proteins. CCK-8 and clone formation assays were conducted to detect cell proliferation, TUNEL assay was used to detect apoptosis, and transwell assay was executed to test migration and invasion. Results The low PART1 expression and high miR-503-5p expression were found in TSCC tissues and cell lines (CAL-27 and SCC9). PART1 expression was positively correlated with patients’ prognosis. The targeting and binding relationship between PART1 and miR-503-5p was confirmed, and overexpressed PART1 diminished the expression of miR-503-5p as well. Moreover, PART1 facilitated apoptosis, inhibited proliferation, invasion and migration of TSCC cells, and these influences were impeded by miR-503-5p overexpression. Conclusion LncRNA PART1 played a cancer-suppressing role in TSCC by targeting miR-503-5p, which provided a potential target for TSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqun Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Hong
- Prosthodontic Lab, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyuan Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Jinan LiCheng District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Guo
- Department of Scientific Education, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250001, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Wang S, Ren Y, Zhou X. The Role of lncRNA Crosstalk in Leading Cancer Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:561833. [PMID: 33123473 PMCID: PMC7566906 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.561833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common type of human malignancy. For decades, research into HNSCC invasion and metastasis has been dedicated to the study of protein-coding genes. Along with whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing development, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has attracted greater attention. Compelling evidence has proven the critical role of lncRNAs in the occurrence and development of HNSCC by means of epigenetic modifications, regulation of gene transcription, and post-transcription level. More importantly, crosstalk between lncRNAs and microRNAs was recently proven to regulate HNSCC metastasis through EMT modification. Based on these, this review summarizes the critical roles of lncRNAs in HNSCC metastasis and the crosstalk between lncRNAs and microRNAs as well as the detailed regulatory mechanism of the interaction. Thus, a deeper understanding of the lncRNA network in cancer metastasis is finally uncovered in order to provide a rationale and innovative concepts toward new therapeutic strategies for the highly metastatic HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Sinan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
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Liu X, Zhao W, Wang X. Inhibition of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 elevates microRNA-429 to suppress the progression of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma by reducing ZEB1. Life Sci 2020; 262:118480. [PMID: 32980391 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is a common type of malignant tumor. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to participate in HSCC development, while the role of lncRNA MALAT1 in HSCC remains largely unknown. We aimed to explore function of the lncRNA MALAT1/miR-429/ZEB1 axis in HSCC progression. METHODS Levels of MALAT1, miR-429 and ZEB1 in HSCC tissues samples were assessed. The FaDu cells were respectively treated with relative sequence or plasmid of MALAT1, miR-429, or ZEB1. Then, CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay were used to determine the cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and invasion of the cells. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins, proliferation-related proteins, cell cycle-related proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, and migration-related proteins were detected using Western blot analysis. The cell growth in vivo was observed. The targeting relationships between MALAT1 and miR-429, and between miR-429 and ZEB1 were confirmed. RESULTS MALAT1 and ZEB1 expression in HSCC was upregulated while miR-429 expression was downregulated. Reduced MALAT1 and ZEB1, and upregulated miR-429 inactivated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, suppressed in vitro viability, colony formation ability, migration and invasion, as well as cell growth in vivo, and promoted the apoptosis of FaDu cells. Downregulated miR-429 reversed the role of MALAT1 inhibition in FaDu cell growth. LncRNA MALAT1 served as a sponge of miR-429, thus regulating ZEB1 expression. CONCLUSION Inhibition of MALAT1 was able to elevate miR-429 to suppress the progression of HSCC via reducing ZEB1. Our research provided a potential therapeutic target for HSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Weixia Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai 264200, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuehai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, Shandong, PR China
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Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 promotes odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells by impairing microRNA-140-5p-dependent downregulation of GIT2. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 382:487-498. [PMID: 32743695 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating research continues to highlight the notable role of microRNAs (miRs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as important regulators in the process of human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSCs) differentiation. The current study aimed to investigate the novel regulatory circuitry of lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1)/miR-140-5p/G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-kinase 2 interacting protein 2 (GIT2) on the odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. In hDPSCs, miR-140-5p was downregulated during the odontogenic differentiation, which was verified to directly target GIT2. RNA crosstalk determined by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays revealed that MALAT1 could bind to miR-140-5p to upregulate the expression of GIT2. After that, the levels of MALAT1, miR-140-5p, and GIT2 in hDPSCs were up- or downregulated by exogenous transfection or lentivirus infection in order to investigate their effects on the differentiation of hDPSCs. It was observed that elevation of miR-140-5p or knockdown of GIT2 resulted in inhibited alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix-protein-1 (DMP-1), and distal-less homeobox 3 (DLX3) as well as positive expression of desmoplakin (DSP) protein. The promotive effects of MALAT1 on odontogenic differentiation were diminished by restoration of miR-140-5p or inhibition of GIT2. Taken together, this study provides valuable evidence suggesting MALAT1 as a potential contributor to the odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs.
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Yao D, Li C, Rajoka MSR, He Z, Huang J, Wang J, Zhang J. P21-Activated Kinase 1: Emerging biological functions and potential therapeutic targets in Cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:9741-9766. [PMID: 32863957 PMCID: PMC7449905 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The p21-Activated kinase 1 (PAK1), a member of serine-threonine kinases family, was initially identified as an interactor of the Rho GTPases RAC1 and CDC42, which affect a wide range of processes associated with cell motility, survival, metabolism, cell cycle, proliferation, transformation, stress, inflammation, and gene expression. Recently, the PAK1 has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in cancer due to its role in many oncogenic signaling pathways. Many PAK1 inhibitors have been developed as potential preclinical agents for cancer therapy. Here, we provide an overview of essential roles that PAK1 plays in cancer, including its structure and autoactivation mechanism, its crucial function from onset to progression to metastasis, metabolism, immune escape and even drug resistance in cancer; endogenous regulators; and cancer-related pathways. We also summarize the reported PAK1 small-molecule inhibitors based on their structure types and their potential application in cancer. In addition, we provide overviews on current progress and future challenges of PAK1 in cancer, hoping to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is the most common digestive disease caused by disorders of neural crest development. Despite the known involvement of miR-140-5p in many human diseases, its biological role in Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) remains undefined. In this study, we sought to reveal the roles of miR-140-5p in the pathogenesis of HSCR. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to measure the relative expression levels of miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins in stenotic and dilated sections of the colon of 32 HSCR patients. Targets and proteins were evaluated by western blotting, and Transwell, CCK-8, and flow cytometry assays were adopted to detect the functional effects of miR-140-5p on SH-SY5Y cells. RESULTS miR-140-5p was significantly downregulated in HSCR tissue samples with increased expression of EGR2, and knockdown of miR-140-5p inhibited cell migration and proliferation and promoted apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cell lines. EGR2 expression was inversely correlated with that of miR-140-5p in cell lines. CONCLUSIONS miR-140-5p may influence the pathogenesis of HSCR by targeting EGR2.
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Lin C, Zou Y, Li R, Liu D. Long non‑coding RNA PRNCR1 exerts oncogenic effects in tongue squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo by sponging microRNA‑944 and thereby increasing HOXB5 expression. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:119-130. [PMID: 32319550 PMCID: PMC7255465 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) called prostate cancer-associated non-coding RNA 1 (PRNCR1) serves crucial roles in the aggressive phenotypes of colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. However, there is little research on the expression profile, clinical value and detailed functions of PRNCR1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). The aim of the present study was to determine PRNCR1 expression in TSCC and to examine the involvement of PRNCR1 in TSCC progression. The molecular mechanisms behind the oncogenic effects of PRNCR1 in TSCC cells were also investigated. PRNCR1 was revealed to be upregulated in TSCC tumors and cell lines. The high PRNCR1 expression showed a significant correlation with tumor size, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and shorter overall survival times among patients with TSCC. A PRNCR1-knockdown reduced TSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, the PRNCR1-knockdown slowed down in vivo tumor growth of TSCC cells. With regards to the mechanism, PRNCR1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA on microRNA-944 (miR-944) in TSCC cells, and the effects of the PRNCR1-knockdown were reversed by an miR-944-knockdown. HOXB5 was validated as a direct target gene of miR-944 in TSCC cells, and HOXB5 expression was found to be positively regulated by PRNCR1. Furthermore, resumption of HOXB5 expression reversed the tumor-suppressive actions of miR-944 in TSCC cells. In conclusion, PRNCR1 acts as an oncogenic lncRNA in TSCC through the upregulation of HOXB5 by sponging miR-944, thereby indicating a potential therapeutic target in TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257034, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Zou
- Department of Stomatology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257034, P.R. China
| | - Ruijing Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257034, P.R. China
| | - Daofeng Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257034, P.R. China
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Wei Z, Chang K, Fan C, Zhang Y. MiR-26a/miR-26b represses tongue squamous cell carcinoma progression by targeting PAK1. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:82. [PMID: 32190006 PMCID: PMC7071636 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-1166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common oral malignancy. Previous studies found that microRNA (miR)-26a and miR-26b were downregulated in TSCC tissues. The current study was designed to explore the effects of miR-26a/miR-26b on TSCC progression and the potential mechanism. Methods Expression of miR-26a, miR-26b and p21 Activated Kinase 1 (PAK1) in TSCC tissues and cell lines was detected by reverse transcription- quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Flow cytometry analysis was performed to examine cell cycle and apoptosis. Transwell assay was conducted to evaluate the migrated and invasive abilities of SCC4 and Cal27 cells. In addition, western blot assay was employed to analyze the protein level. Glucose assay kit and lactate assay kit were utilized to analyze glycolysis. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were applied to explore the relationship between miR-26a/miR-26b and PAK1. Xenograft tumor model was constructed to explore the role of miR-26a/miR-26b in vivo. Results Both miR-26a and miR-26b were underexpressed, while PAK1 was highly enriched in TSCC. Overexpression of miR-26a and miR-26b inhibited TSCC cell cycle, migration invasion and glycolysis, while promoted cell apoptosis. Both miR-26a and miR-26b directly targeted and negatively regulated PAK1 expression. Introduction of PAK1 partially reversed miR-26a/miR-26b upregulation-mediated cellular behaviors in TSCC cells. Gain of miR-26a/miR-26b blocked TSCC tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion MiR-26a/miR-26b repressed TSCC progression via targeting PAK1 in vitro and in vivo, which enriched our understanding about TSCC development and provided new insights into the its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 288 Middle Zhongzhou Road, Xigong District, Luoyang, 471000 Henan China
| | - Kunpeng Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 288 Middle Zhongzhou Road, Xigong District, Luoyang, 471000 Henan China
| | - Chongsheng Fan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 288 Middle Zhongzhou Road, Xigong District, Luoyang, 471000 Henan China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 288 Middle Zhongzhou Road, Xigong District, Luoyang, 471000 Henan China
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Liu X, Zhang B, Jia Y, Fu M. SNHG17 enhances the malignant characteristics of tongue squamous cell carcinoma by acting as a competing endogenous RNA on microRNA-876 and thereby increasing specificity protein 1 expression. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:711-725. [PMID: 32089063 PMCID: PMC7145335 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1727399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A long noncoding RNA called SNHG17 (small nucleolar RNA host gene 17) is aberrantly expressed and plays essential roles in multiple human cancer types. Nevertheless, its expression pattern and specific functions in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) have not been well studied until now. Hence, in this study, we aimed to measure SNHG17 expression in TSCC and to examine the actions of SNHG17 on the malignant characteristics of TSCC cells. The regulatory mechanism that mediates the oncogenic effects of SNHG17 on TSCC cells was investigated too. In this study, SNHG17 was found to be upregulated in TSCC, and this overexpression closely correlated with adverse clinical parameters and shorter overall survival among the patients with TSCC. The SNHG17 knockdown significantly decreased TSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanism investigation revealed that SNHG17 acts as a competing endogenous RNA on microRNA-876 (miR-876) in TSCC cells. In addition, specificity protein 1 (SP1) was validated as a direct target gene of miR-876 in TSCC cells. SP1 expression restoration in TSCC cells reversed miR-876 overexpression-induced anticancer effects. MiR-876 downregulation strongly attenuated the actions of the SNHG17 knockdown in TSCC cells. SNHG17 plays an oncogenic part in TSCC cells both in vitro and in vivo via sponging of miR-876 and thereby upregulating SP1, which could be regarded as a promising target for TSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- Institute of Oral Diseases, Oral Medicine Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Institute of Oral Diseases, Oral Medicine Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yue Jia
- Institute of Oral Diseases, Oral Medicine Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Ming Fu
- Institute of Oral Diseases, Oral Medicine Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Sun B, Wen X, Hao D, Du D, He G, Jiang X. The Roles of lncRNA in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:158. [PMID: 32185124 PMCID: PMC7059100 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma derives from keratinocytes and is the second most common cause of non-melanoma skin cancer. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) develops rapidly and is also the leading cause of death in non-melanoma cancers. Lymph node metastasis occurs in 5% of cSCC patients, and some patients may even metastasize to the viscera. Patients with regional lymphatic metastasis or distant metastases have a <20% 10-year survival rate, indicating the substantial challenge in treating advanced and metastatic cSCC. Some lncRNAs have been found to be abnormally overexpressed in many tumor tissues, so that they can be considered as potential new biomarkers or targets that can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of cSCC in the future. In this review, we summarize the role of lncRNA in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma to make a better understanding of mutations in cSCC and lay the foundation for effective target therapy of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bensen Sun
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Hao
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Du
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Mohammad-Rahimi H, Jazaeri M, Taheri M. Expression and function of long non-coding RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 112:104353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Li C, Hu G, Wei B, Wang L, Liu N. lncRNA LINC01494 Promotes Proliferation, Migration And Invasion In Glioma Through miR-122-5p/CCNG1 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7655-7662. [PMID: 31571916 PMCID: PMC6756415 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s213345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recognized as key effectors in tumor, including glioma. LINC01494 is an uncharacterized novel lncRNA. In this research, we aimed to investigate the function of LINC01494 in glioma. Methods Gene relative expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR method. CCK8, colony formation and Transwell assay was used to determine cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Bioinformatics analyses were used to predict the target of LINC01494 and miR-122-5p. Luciferase reporter assay was utilized to validate the interactions between LINC01494 and miR-122-5p or CCNG1 and miR-122-5p. Results LINC01494 was identified as a significantly upregulated lncRNA in glioma through bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, LINC01494 upregulation indicated poor prognosis. Meanwhile, in vitro investigation indicated that silencing LINC01494 with siRNAs obviously inhibited the proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion of glioma cells. Besides, it is found that LINC01494 expression was negatively correlated with miR-122-5p. We demonstrated that LINC01494 inhibited miR-122-5p to upregulate CCNG1 expression through direct interaction. Rescue assay further demonstrated that LINC01494/miR-122-5p/CCNG1 signaling cascade plays a critical role in regulating glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion Taken together, our findings demonstrated the essential function and molecular mechanism of LINC01494 in glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Department of VIP Unit, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhang Hu
- Department of First-aid Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, People's Republic of China
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Li C, Wang F, Wei B, Wang L, Kong D. LncRNA AWPPH promotes osteosarcoma progression via activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway through modulating miR-93-3p/FZD7 axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:1017-1022. [PMID: 31092328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important regulatory roles in osteosarcoma (OS) progression. Recent researches have shown lncRNA AWPPH promotes lung cancer progression and bladder cancer development. Yet, the function of AWPPH in OS is unknown. In this research, results indicated AWPPH levels were increased in OS tissues in contrast to paracancerous controls. Up-regulated AWPPH was associated with advanced stage, tumor size and metastasis. Besides, AWPPH up-regulation indicated a low survival rate in OS patients. Silencing of AWPPH suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells. Mechanistically, AWPPH was demonstrated to sponge miR-93-3p and promote FZD7 expression, causing activation of Wnt/β-catenin. Inhibition of miR-93-3p effectively reversed the effects of AWPPH knockdown on OS cells. Collectively, our findings suggested AWPPH may be a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target. AWPPH enhances FZD7-mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin by sponging miR-93-3p to promote OS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Department of VIP Unit, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, China
| | - Daliang Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
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