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A Treatment to Cure Diabetes Using Plant-Based Drug Discovery. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8621665. [PMID: 35586686 PMCID: PMC9110154 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8621665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The field of peptides and proteins has opened up new doors for plant-based medication development because of analytical breakthroughs. Enzymatic breakdown of plant-specific proteins yields bioactive peptides. These plant-based proteins and peptides, in addition to their in vitro and vivo outcomes for diabetes treatment, are discussed in this study. The secondary metabolites of vegetation can interfere with the extraction, separation, characterization, and commercialization of plant proteins through the pharmaceutical industry. Glucose-lowering diabetic peptides are a hot commodity. For a wide range of illnesses, bioactive peptides from flora can offer up new avenues for the development of cost-effective therapy options.
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2
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Zhang ZP, Xue WY, Hu JX, Xiong DC, Wu YF, Ye XS. Novel carbohydrate-triazole derivatives as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 18:729-737. [PMID: 33039052 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)60013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel pyrano[2, 3-d]trizaole compounds were synthesized and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were evaluated by in vitro enzyme assay. The experimental data demonstrated that compound 10f showed up to 10-fold higher inhibition (IC5074.0 ± 1.3 μmol·L-1) than acarbose. The molecular docking revealed that compound 10f could bind to α-glucosidase via the hydrophobic, π-π stacking, and hydrogen bonding interactions. The results may benefit further structural modifications to find new and potent α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Pei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wan-Ying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian-Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - De-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan-Fen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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3
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Chen Y, Armstrong Z, Artola M, Florea BI, Kuo CL, de Boer C, Rasmussen MS, Abou Hachem M, van der Marel GA, Codée JDC, Aerts JMF, Davies GJ, Overkleeft HS. Activity-Based Protein Profiling of Retaining α-Amylases in Complex Biological Samples. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2423-2432. [PMID: 33497208 PMCID: PMC7883350 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Amylases are key enzymes in the processing of starch in many kingdoms of life. They are important catalysts in industrial biotechnology where they are applied in, among others, food processing and the production of detergents. In man amylases are the first enzymes in the digestion of starch to glucose and arguably also the preferred target in therapeutic strategies aimed at the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients through down-tuning glucose assimilation. Efficient and sensitive assays that report selectively on retaining amylase activities irrespective of the nature and complexity of the biomaterial studied are of great value both in finding new and effective human amylase inhibitors and in the discovery of new microbial amylases with potentially advantageous features for biotechnological application. Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) of retaining glycosidases is inherently suited for the development of such an assay format. We here report on the design and synthesis of 1,6-epi-cyclophellitol-based pseudodisaccharides equipped with a suite of reporter entities and their use in ABPP of retaining amylases from human saliva, murine tissue as well as secretomes from fungi grown on starch. The activity and efficiency of the inhibitors and probes are substantiated by extensive biochemical analysis, and the selectivity for amylases over related retaining endoglycosidases is validated by structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Chen
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zachary Armstrong
- Department
of Chemistry, York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
| | - Marta Artola
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bogdan I. Florea
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chi-Lin Kuo
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Casper de Boer
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mikkel S. Rasmussen
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical
University of Denmark, Søltofts Plad, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Maher Abou Hachem
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical
University of Denmark, Søltofts Plad, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gijsbert A. van der Marel
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes M. F.
G. Aerts
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gideon J. Davies
- Department
of Chemistry, York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis and Department of Medical Biochemistry,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Franchi F, Yaranov DM, Rollini F, Rivas A, Rivas Rios J, Been L, Tani Y, Tokuda M, Iida T, Hayashi N, Angiolillo DJ, Mooradian AD. Effects of D-allulose on glucose tolerance and insulin response to a standard oral sucrose load: results of a prospective, randomized, crossover study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:e001939. [PMID: 33637605 PMCID: PMC7919569 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current dietary guidelines recommend limiting sugar intake for the prevention of diabetes mellitus (DM). Reduction in sugar intake may require sugar substitutes. Among these, D-allulose is a non-calorie rare monosaccharide with 70% sweetness of sucrose, which has shown anti-DM effects in Asian populations. However, there is limited data on the effects of D-allulose in other populations, including Westerners. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study conducted in 30 subjects without DM. Study participants were given a standard oral (50 g) sucrose load and randomized to placebo or escalating doses of D-allulose (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 g). Subjects crossed-over to the alternate study treatment after 7-14 days of wash out. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were measured at five time points: before and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after ingestion. RESULTS D-allulose was associated with a dose-dependent reduction of plasma glucose at 30 min compared with placebo. In particular, glucose was significantly lower with the 7.5 g (mean difference: 11; 95% CI 3 to 19; p=0.005) and 10 g (mean difference: 12; 95% CI 4 to 20; p=0.002) doses. Although glucose was not reduced at the other time points, there was a dose-dependent reduction in glucose excursion compared with placebo, which was significant with the 10 g dose (p=0.023). Accordingly, at 30 min D-allulose was associated with a trend towards lower insulin levels compared with placebo, which was significant with the 10 g dose (mean difference: 14; 95% CI 4 to 25; p=0.006). D-allulose did not reduce insulin at any other time point, but there was a significant dose-dependent reduction in insulin excursion compared with placebo (p=0.028), which was significant with the 10 g dose (p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study assessing the effects of D-allulose in Westerners demonstrating an early dose-dependent reduction in plasma glucose and insulin levels as well as decreased postprandial glucose and insulin excursion in subjects without DM. These pilot observations set the basis for large-scale investigations to support the anti-DM effects of D-allulose. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02714413.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Franchi
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Dmitry M Yaranov
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Fabiana Rollini
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrea Rivas
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jose Rivas Rios
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Latonya Been
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Yuma Tani
- Matsutani Chemical Industry Co. Ltd, Itami, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Iida
- Matsutani Chemical Industry Co. Ltd, Itami, Japan
| | | | - Dominick J Angiolillo
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Arshag D Mooradian
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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5
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Synthesis, in vitro, and in silico studies of newly functionalized quinazolinone analogs for the identification of potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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6
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Szabó K, Maccari R, Ottanà R, Gyémánt G. Extending the investigation of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives as potential multi-target ligands of enzymes involved in diabetes mellitus and its long-term complications: A study with pancreatic α-amylase. Carbohydr Res 2020; 499:108220. [PMID: 33341220 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease, which is frequently complicated by the development of hyperglycaemia-induced chronic complications. The therapy of diabetes mellitus often requires combinations of two or more drugs in order both to control glycaemic levels and to prevent hyperglycaemia-induced dangerous affairs. The application of multi-target agents, which are able to control simultaneously several pathogenic mechanisms, represents a useful alternative and, in fact, their discovery is a pursued aim of the research. Some (5-arylidene-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)acetic acids, which we had previously reported as inhibitors of selected enzymes critically implicated in diabetes mellitus, were tested against pancreatic α-amylase and intestinal α-glucosidase. These enzymes catalyse the hydrolysis of dietary oligo- and polysaccharides into monosaccharides and, consequently, are responsible for postprandial hyperglycaemia; therefore, their inhibition is one of the possible strategies to control glycaemic levels in diabetes mellitus. In addition, we investigated the aggregation tendency of the tested compounds, through direct and indirect methods, in order to evaluate the mechanism of their multiple action and discover if aggregation may contribute to the inhibition of the target enzymes. Overall, compounds 1, 3 and 4 exhibited the most favourable profile since they were shown to act as multi-target inhibitors of enzymes involved in pathways related to diabetes mellitus, without producing aggregates even at high micromolar concentrations and, therefore, can be promising agents for further developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kármen Szabó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rosanna Maccari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Ottanà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Gyöngyi Gyémánt
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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7
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Thant MT, Chatsumpun N, Mekboonsonglarp W, Sritularak B, Likhitwitayawuid K. New Fluorene Derivatives from Dendrobium gibsonii and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214931. [PMID: 33113779 PMCID: PMC7662385 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new compounds, dihydrodengibsinin (1) and dendrogibsol (2), were isolated from the whole plant of Dendrobium gibsonii, together with seven known compounds (3–9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by their spectroscopic data. All these isolates were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Dendrogibsol (2) and lusianthridin (7) showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity when compared with acarbose. An enzyme kinetic study revealed that dendrogibsol (2) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Thazin Thant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.T.T.); (K.L.)
| | - Nutputsorn Chatsumpun
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Wanwimon Mekboonsonglarp
- Scientific and Technological Research Equipment Centre, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.T.T.); (K.L.)
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| | - Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.T.T.); (K.L.)
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8
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Özenver N, Güvenalp Z, Kuruüzüm-Uz A, Demirezer LÖ. Inhibitory potential on key enzymes relevant to type II diabetes mellitus and antioxidant properties of the various extracts and phytochemical constituents from Rumex acetosella L. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13415. [PMID: 32744345 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus is a common and costly disease worldwide, characterized by hyperglycemia. Alpha (α)-amylase and α-glucosidase are important targets in diabetes therapy. Inhibition of these enzymes may lessen hyperglycemia, preventing diabetic complications. Oxidative stress is another factor involved in the disease's etiology. In the present study, we investigated antidiabetic profiles of the various extracts and phytochemicals of Rumex acetosella. Since the plant has been traditionally used for the antidiabetic purposes. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory studies in addition to DPPH•, ABTS•+, NO 2 - radical scavenging, and phosphomolybdate antioxidant assays were performed to evaluate the antidiabetic property. Specifically, the ethanol and ethanol-water extracts remarkably inhibited α-glucosidase than that of acarbose, unlike their slight/no inhibition on α-amylase. Convincing α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of alcohol-including extracts verified the ethnobotanical use of R. acetosella as an antidiabetic agent. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The incidence of Type II DM is rising globally. Reducing hyperglycemia holds great importance to prevent devastating outcomes of diabetic complications. Ethnobotanical use of natural sources for medical purposes provides a basis for their potential activity against various diseases. The introduction of herbal agents may lead to the development of new drug candidates with convincing activity. Rumex acetosella L. has been traditionally used for the antidiabetic purposes. The research pointed out various extracts and phytochemical constituents from R. acetosella may act as antihyperglycemic agents. Particularly, alcohol-including extracts of R. acetosella may be considered as promising alternatives in the prevention or treatment of type II DM. The study puts emphasis on the therapeutic value of the plants for antidiabetic medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadire Özenver
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zühal Güvenalp
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Kuruüzüm-Uz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Ke S, Wei B, Qiu W, Zhou T, Wang S, Chen J, Chen J, Zhang H, Jin W, Wang H. Structural Characterization and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Fucoidans Extracted from Saccharina japonica. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000233. [PMID: 32386247 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Two sulfated fucoidan fractions (Lj3 and Lj5) were extracted from Saccharina japonica and then subjected to acid hydrolysis to obtain Lj3h and Lj5h. Lj3h and Lj5h were characterized using IR, methylation analysis, and mass spectrometry. It was found that Lj3h and Lj5h were homogeneous low molecular weight fucoidans. Specifically, Lj3h was composed of the main chain of 1,3-linked α-L-fucopyranose residues with sulfate at C-2 and/or C-4 and three different monosaccharides (galactose, glucose, mannose) branched at C-2 and/or C-4 of fucose residue. Lj5h contained backbones of alternating galactopyranose residues and fucopyranose residues attached via a 1→3 linkage (galactofucan) and 1→6 linked galactan. The sulfation pattern was mainly located at C2/C4 fucose or galactose residues and more branches occupied at C-4 of fucose residue and C-2, C-3 or/and C-6 of galactose residue. In vitro assay indicated that, among the four fucoidans tested, only Lj5 showed potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 of 153.27±22.89 μg/mL, and the two parent fucoidans, Lj3 and Lj5, showed better antioxidant activity than their derivatives. These findings highlight the structure and bioactivity diversity of Saccharina japonica-derived fucoidans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songze Ke
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Taoshun Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Sijia Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Rehabilitation Building 32-21, 1000 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Industry Academia Research Center for Rainbowfish-Zhejiang University of Technology, Shanghai Hadal Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd., Building 7, No. 218 Haiji 6 Rd., Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
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10
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Galmés B, Juan‐Bals A, Frontera A, Resnati G. Charge‐Assisted Chalcogen Bonds: CSD and DFT Analyses and Biological Implication in Glucosidase Inhibitors. Chemistry 2020; 26:4599-4606. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartomeu Galmés
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes Balears Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Aida Juan‐Bals
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes Balears Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes Balears Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab)Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
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11
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Tuning of virgin coconut oil and propylene glycol ratios for maximizing the polyphenol recovery and in vitro bioactivities of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Balu P, Jas JS, Govindaraj M. Design and evaluation of chalconeimine derivatives as α-amylase inhibitors. Bioinformation 2019; 15:523-529. [PMID: 31485138 PMCID: PMC6704331 DOI: 10.6026/97320630015523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-amylase is a known target for type II diabetes. Therefore, it is of interest to design α-amylase inhibitors based on hydrazone scaffold. The structure of these hybrids was confirmed by spectroscopic analysis (IR, 1H-and 13C NMR). All the compounds have potential inhibitory properties as shown by in vitro α-amylase inhibition activity. The compound 5-((1Z,3Z)-3-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-3-((2-chloropyridin-3- yl)imino)prop-1-en-1-yl)-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenol(4a) in 100 µg/mL concentration showed a high inhibition of 85.23%. In vitro α-amylase inhibition was further supported by docking studies of compound against the active site of pig pancreatic α-amylase (PDB ID: 3L2M). Docking studies revealed that the bonding interactions found between the compound and human pancreatic α-amylase are similar to those responsible for α-amylase inhibition by acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithivirajan Balu
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, India
| | - Jebastin Sonia Jas
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, India
- Department of Chemistry, IFET College of Engineering, Villupuram-605108, India
| | - Marimuthu Govindaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Swami Dayananda College of Arts and Science, Manjakkudi-612610,Tiruvarur District, India
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13
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Patil SP, Goswami A, Kalia K, Kate AS. Plant-Derived Bioactive Peptides: A Treatment to Cure Diabetes. Int J Pept Res Ther 2019; 26:955-968. [PMID: 32435169 PMCID: PMC7223764 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Recent advances in analytical techniques have opened new opportunities for plant-based drug discovery in the field of peptide and proteins. Enzymatic hydrolysis of plant parent proteins forms bioactive peptides which are explored in the treatment of various diseases. In this review, we will discuss the identified plant-based bioactive proteins and peptides and the in vitro, in vivo results for the treatment of diabetes. Extraction, isolation, characterization and commercial utilization of plant proteins is a challenge for the pharmaceutical industry as plants contain several interfering secondary metabolites. The market of peptide drugs for the treatment of diabetes is growing at a fast rate. Plant-based bioactive peptides might open up new opportunities to discover economic lead for the management of various diseases. GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital P. Patil
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
| | - Ashutosh Goswami
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
| | - Abhijeet S. Kate
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
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Lv W, Zhang J, Jiao A, Wang B, Chen B, Lin J. Resveratrol attenuates hIAPP amyloid formation and restores the insulin secretion ability in hIAPP-INS1 cell line via enhancing autophagy. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:82-89. [PMID: 30312115 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
It has been proved that human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), the main constituent of islet amyloid deposition, is one of the important factors that can induce type 2 diabetes or graft failure after islet transplantation. As there is no research on whether resveratrol degrading the amyloid deposition by its special chemical structure or enhancing autophagy had been published, we decided to detect the function of resveratrol in degrading the amyloid deposition in pancreatic beta cells. We established stable hIAPP-INS1 cell line via transfecting INS1 cells by lentivirus that overexpresses hIAPP. Our research demonstrates that amyloid deposition existed in hIAPP-INS1 cell by the thioflavin S fluorescent staining, meanwhile the function of insulin secretion of hIAPP-INS1 cells was decreased significantly (p < 0.01). After treatment with resveratrol (20 μM) for 24 h, amyloid deposition in hIAPP-INS1 cells was decreased significantly, and the insulin secretion was restored significantly (p < 0.01). Once inhibited the autophagy of hIAPP-INS1 cells by 3-methyladenine for 24 h, resveratrol does not effectively remove hIAPP deposits again, and cannot improve the function of insulin secretion. These results provide a novel thought that resveratrol can degrade the amyloid deposition in type 2 diabetes and the graft after islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of General Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ao Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baomin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
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Naeem F, Nadeem H, Muhammad A, Zahid MA, Saeed A. Synthesis, α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity and Molecular Docking Studies of 2,4-Thiazolidinedione Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1874842201805010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:2,4-Thiazolidinedione and its derivatives exhibit a variety of pharmacological activities including antidiabetic, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and aldose reductase inhibitory activities. Keeping in mind the pharmacological potential of 2,4-Thiazolidinedione derivatives as antidiabetic agents, seven arylidene derivatives of 2,4-thiazolidinedione1(a-g)and four corresponding acetic acid derivatives 2(a-d)have been synthesized by a three-step procedure.Methods:All the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR,1HNMR, and13CNMR and further screened for their α-amylase inhibitory potential.Results:All the compounds1(a-g)and2(a-d)showed varying degree of α-amylase inhibition, especially compound1c(IC50= 6.59μg/ml),1d(IC50=2.03μg/ml) and1g(IC50= 3.14μg/ml) displayed significantly potent α-amylase inhibition as compared to the standard acarbose (IC50= 8.26μg/ml). None of the acetic acid derivatives of 5-arylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione showed prominent inhibitory activity. Docking results indicated that the best binding conformation was found inside the active site cleft of enzyme responsible for hydrolysis of carbohydrates.Conclusion:Therefore, it can be concluded that 2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives can be used as effective lead molecules for the development of α-amylase inhibitors for the management of diabetes.
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Liu R, Zheng Y, Cai Z, Xu B. Saponins and Flavonoids from Adzuki Bean ( Vigna angularis L.) Ameliorate High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in ICR Mice. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:687. [PMID: 29021760 PMCID: PMC5623717 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: As an herbal medicine, adzuki bean has been practiced since the Tang Dynasty of China to maintain health and control weight; this practice is still very popular in China nowadays. However, it is still lack of sufficient scientific basis to explain scientific principle of this popular civil practice in weight control using adzuki bean. The purpose of this study was to verify and explain the anti-obesity effects of adzuki bean through in vitro enzymatic assays, in vitro lipolysis and in vivo study of obese mice model. Methods: Inhibitory effects of flavonoids and saponins from adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) on pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase activities, and noradrenaline-induced lipolysis were assessed. High-fat diet-induced obesity model was created to study anti-obesity effects of adzuki bean. Both serum and liver lipid parameters were determined after 8 weeks intervention. Results: Adzuki bean extracts enhanced lipolysis. Compared to the final body weight of high-fat diet group, oral administration of adzuki bean significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the final body weight of mice and adipose tissue accumulation. The adzuki bean intervention also significantly reduced the levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and liver lipid. Conclusion: Adzuki bean demonstrated the anti-obesity effects on mice, such effects may mediated through the inhibitory effects of flavonoids and saponins from adzuki bean on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities, and lipolysis enhancement effect of active components from adzuki bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China.,Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
| | - Yinan Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
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Sobeh M, Mahmoud MF, Abdelfattah MAO, El-Beshbishy HA, El-Shazly AM, Wink M. Albizia harveyi: phytochemical profiling, antioxidant, antidiabetic and hepatoprotective activities of the bark extract. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Free radical scavenging and antidiabetic activities of Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. extract. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-2951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Synthesis, molecular structure, spectral analysis, and biological activity of new malonamide derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Evaluation of a Standardized Extract from Morus alba against α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect and Postprandial Antihyperglycemic in Patients with Impaired Glucose Tolerance: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:8983232. [PMID: 27974904 PMCID: PMC5128732 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8983232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of a standardized extract of the leaves of Morus alba (SEMA), the present study was designed to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect and acute single oral toxicity as well as evaluate blood glucose reduction in animals and in patients with impaired glucose tolerance in a randomized double-blind clinical trial. SEMA was found to inhibit α-glucosidase at a fourfold higher level than the positive control (acarbose), in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, blood glucose concentration was suppressed by SEMA in vivo. Clinical signs and weight changes were observed when conducting an evaluation of the acute toxicity of SEMA through a single-time administration, with clinical observation conducted more than once each day. After administration of the SEMA, observation was for 14 days; all of the animals did not die and did not show any abnormal symptoms. In addition, the inhibitory effects of rice coated with SEMA were evaluated in a group of impaired glucose tolerance patients on postprandial glucose and a group of normal persons, and results showed that SEMA had a clear inhibitory effect on postprandial hyperglycemia in both groups. Overall, SEMA showed excellent potential in the present study as a material for improving postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Advantages and Pitfalls of Antihyperglycemic Combination Pills as First-Line Therapy in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Am J Ther 2016; 23:e1857-e1866. [DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cieśla Ł, Moaddel R. Comparison of analytical techniques for the identification of bioactive compounds from natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:1131-45. [PMID: 27367973 PMCID: PMC5042860 DOI: 10.1039/c6np00016a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2000 to 2016Natural product extracts are a rich source of bioactive compounds. As a result, the screening of natural products for the identification of novel biologically active metabolites has been an essential part of several drug discovery programs. It is estimated that more than 70% of all drugs approved from 1981 and 2006, were either derived from or structurally similar to nature based compounds indicating the necessity for the development of a rapid method for the identification of novel compounds from plant extracts. The screening of biological matrices for the identification of novel modulators is nevertheless still challenging. In this review we discuss current techniques in phytochemical analysis and the identification of biologically active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Cieśla
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Biomedical Research Center, 8C232, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
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Wubshet SG, Brighente IMC, Moaddel R, Staerk D. Magnetic Ligand Fishing as a Targeting Tool for HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR: α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Ligands and Alkylresorcinol Glycosides from Eugenia catharinae. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2657-2665. [PMID: 26496505 PMCID: PMC5036580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A bioanalytical platform combining magnetic ligand fishing for α-glucosidase inhibition profiling and HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR for structural identification of α-glucosidase inhibitory ligands, both directly from crude plant extracts, is presented. Magnetic beads with N-terminus-coupled α-glucosidase were synthesized and characterized for their inherent catalytic activity. Ligand fishing with the immobilized enzyme was optimized using an artificial test mixture consisting of caffeine, ferulic acid, and luteolin before proof-of-concept with the crude extract of Eugenia catharinae. The combination of ligand fishing and HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR identified myricetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol as α-glucosidase inhibitory ligands in E. catharinae. Furthermore, HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR analysis led to identification of six new alkylresorcinol glycosides, i.e., 5-(2-oxopentyl)resorcinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 5-propylresorcinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 5-pentylresorcinol 4-O-[α-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside, 5-pentylresorcinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 4-hydroxy-3-O-methyl-5-pentylresorcinol 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and 3-O-methyl-5-pentylresorcinol 1-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sileshi G. Wubshet
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inês M. C. Brighente
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianópolis-SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Influence of Rhizophora apiculata Blume extracts on α-glucosidase: Enzyme kinetics and molecular docking studies. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wubshet SG, Moresco HH, Tahtah Y, Brighente IMC, Staerk D. High-resolution bioactivity profiling combined with HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR: α-Glucosidase inhibitors and acetylated ellagic acid rhamnosides from Myrcia palustris DC. (Myrtaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 116:246-252. [PMID: 25935545 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an endocrine metabolic disease with a worldwide prevalence of more than 8%, and an expected increase close to 50% in the next 15-20years. T2D is associated with severe and life-threatening complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular diseases, and therefore improved drug leads or functional foods containing α-glucosidase inhibitors are needed for management of blood glucose. In this study, leaves of Myrcia palustris were investigated by high-resolution α-glucosidase inhibition profiling combined with HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR. This led to identification of casuarinin, myricetin 3-O-β-d-(6″-galloyl)galactopyranoside, kaempferol 3-O-β-d-galactopyranoside, myricetin, and quercetin as α-glucosidase inhibitors. In addition, four acetylated ellagic acid rhamnosides, i.e., 4-O-(2″,4″-O-diacetyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)ellagic acid, 4-O-(2″,3″-O-diacetyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)ellagic acid, 4-O-(3″,4″-O-diacetyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)ellagic acid, and 4-O-(2″,3″,4″-O-triacetyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)ellagic acid were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sileshi G Wubshet
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrique H Moresco
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Yousof Tahtah
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inês M C Brighente
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Williams LK, Zhang X, Caner S, Tysoe C, Nguyen NT, Wicki J, Williams DE, Coleman J, McNeill JH, Yuen V, Andersen RJ, Withers SG, Brayer GD. The amylase inhibitor montbretin A reveals a new glycosidase inhibition motif. Nat Chem Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Kim JH, Kang HM, Lee SH, Lee JY, Park LY. Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activity of seaweed extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.11002/kjfp.2015.22.2.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ojo O, Srinivasan D, Owolabi B, Conlon J, Flatt P, Abdel-Wahab Y. Magainin-AM2 improves glucose homeostasis and beta cell function in high-fat fed mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:80-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Anti-diabetic activity of insulin-degrading enzyme inhibitors mediated by multiple hormones. Nature 2014; 511:94-8. [PMID: 24847884 DOI: 10.1038/nature13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of speculation that inhibiting endogenous insulin degradation might treat type-2 diabetes, and the identification of IDE (insulin-degrading enzyme) as a diabetes susceptibility gene, the relationship between the activity of the zinc metalloprotein IDE and glucose homeostasis remains unclear. Although Ide(-/-) mice have elevated insulin levels, they exhibit impaired, rather than improved, glucose tolerance that may arise from compensatory insulin signalling dysfunction. IDE inhibitors that are active in vivo are therefore needed to elucidate IDE's physiological roles and to determine its potential to serve as a target for the treatment of diabetes. Here we report the discovery of a physiologically active IDE inhibitor identified from a DNA-templated macrocycle library. An X-ray structure of the macrocycle bound to IDE reveals that it engages a binding pocket away from the catalytic site, which explains its remarkable selectivity. Treatment of lean and obese mice with this inhibitor shows that IDE regulates the abundance and signalling of glucagon and amylin, in addition to that of insulin. Under physiological conditions that augment insulin and amylin levels, such as oral glucose administration, acute IDE inhibition leads to substantially improved glucose tolerance and slower gastric emptying. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of modulating IDE activity as a new therapeutic strategy to treat type-2 diabetes and expand our understanding of the roles of IDE in glucose and hormone regulation.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently at epidemic proportions and the forecast is for a continued sharp increase in global prevalence. An even larger proportion of the population has prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT]) underscoring the urgent need for preventive strategies. Even in the presence of adequate glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, postprandial hyperglycemia can occur and is known to have a stronger association with cardiovascular morbidity than fasting glucose. The α-glucosidase inhibitor voglibose is widely used in Japan to improve postprandial hyperglycemia. AREAS COVERED This review examines the literature for the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety of voglibose in patients with T2DM. Particular focus is on its efficacy in preventing T2DM in individuals with IGT and its efficacy as add-on therapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic agents in patients with T2DM. EXPERT OPINION As the relationship between glucose levels and cardiovascular risk extends below the diabetic threshold, postprandial hyperglycemia is recognized as a key therapeutic target in the treatment of T2DM. Strategies to prevent the progression of IGT to overt T2DM have enormous potential to reduce the individual and societal burden of disease. Voglibose is the first oral antidiabetic agent to gain approval in Japan for this indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kaku
- Kawasaki Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine , 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki City, Okayama 701-0192 , Japan
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Ezzat SM, Salama MM. A new α-glucosidase inhibitor from Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch. Bip. growing in Egypt. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:812-8. [PMID: 24666348 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.891203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) represent a class of oral antidiabetic drugs that delay the absorption of ingested carbohydrates, reducing the postprandial glucose and insulin peaks to reach normoglycaemia. In this study, a bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch. Bip. growing in Egypt led to the isolation of a new potent AGI; acacetin-6-C-(6″-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)-8-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside (5) alongside with four known compounds: chondrillasterol (1), quercetin-3,6,7-trimethyl ether (chrysosplenol-D) (2), isovitexin-4'-methyl ether (3) and isovitexin (4). The structure of the new compound (5) was elucidated on the basis of its spectral data, including HR-FAB-MS, UV, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC and HMBC. The new compound (5) exhibited the most significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ 1.5 ± 0.09 μg/mL). Under the assay conditions, all the tested compounds were more potent than the positive control acarbose (IC50 224 ± 2.31 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahira M Ezzat
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562 , Egypt
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Bin BH, Seo J, Yang SH, Lee E, Choi H, Kim KH, Cho EG, Lee TR. Novel inhibitory effect of the antidiabetic drug voglibose on melanogenesis. Exp Dermatol 2014; 22:541-6. [PMID: 23879813 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Overproduction of melanin can lead to medical disorders such as postinflammatory melanoderma and melasma. Therefore, developing antimelanogenic agents is important for both medical and cosmetic purposes. In this report, we demonstrated for the first time that the antidiabetic drug voglibose is a potent antimelanogenic agent. Voglibose is a representative antidiabetic drug possessing inhibitory activity towards human α-glucosidase; it blocked the proper N-glycan modification of tyrosinase, resulting in a dramatic reduction of the tyrosinase protein level by altering its stability and subsequently decreasing melanin production. Acarbose, another antihyperglycaemic drug that has a lower inhibitory effect on human intracellular α-glucosidase compared with voglibose, did not cause any changes in either the N-glycan modification of tyrosinase or the tyrosinase protein level, indicating that voglibose was the most efficient antimelanogenic agent among the widely used antihyperglycaemic agents. Considering that voglibose was originally selected from the valiolamine derivatives in a screen for an oral antidiabetic drug with a strong inhibitory activity towards intestinal α-glucosidase and low cell permeability, we propose an alternative strategy for screening compounds from valiolamine derivatives that show high inhibitory activity towards human intracellular α-glucosidases and high cell permeability, with the goal of obtaining antimelanogenic agents that are effective inside the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum-Ho Bin
- Bioscience Research Institute, AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin, Korea
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Abstract
Objective To obtain immobilized alpha-glucosidase with good biological activity and improve the utilization rate of alpha-glucosidase. Methods Prepare the core-shell microparticles consisting of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) cores surrounded by various of chitosan shells, induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP). Then fixed the alpha-glucosides N-terminal onto the carriers and studied the optimum immobilization conditions and the property of alpha-glucosidase immobilized.Result Immobilized α-glucosidase enzyme pH stability was higher than the free. In particular, the relative enzyme activity were maintained at 80% in the range of pH4.5 ~ 6.5. Immobilized α-glucosidase optimum temperature is 60 °C, the optimum temperature of the free enzyme is 50 °C. Conclution These Alpha-glucosidase Immobilization can be used as biopolymer and biomaterials in the pharmaceutical and medical application fields.
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da Silva SM, Koehnlein EA, Bracht A, Castoldi R, de Morais GR, Baesso ML, Peralta RA, de Souza CGM, de Sá-Nakanishi AB, Peralta RM. Inhibition of salivary and pancreatic α-amylases by a pinhão coat (Araucaria angustifolia) extract rich in condensed tannin. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Preparation of the Branch Bark Ethanol Extract in Mulberry Morus alba, Its Antioxidation, and Antihyperglycemic Activity In Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:569652. [PMID: 24587809 PMCID: PMC3920605 DOI: 10.1155/2014/569652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The biological activities of the branch bark ethanol extract (BBEE) in the mulberry Morus alba L. were investigated. The determination of active component showed that the flavonoids, phenols, and saccharides are the major components of the ethanol extract. The BBEE had a good scavenging activity of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical with around 100 μg/mL of IC50 value. In vitro assay revealed that the BBEE strongly inhibited both α-glucosidase and sucrase activities whose IC50 values were 8.0 and 0.24 μg/mL, respectively. The kinetic analysis showed that the BBEE as a kind of α-glucosidase inhibitor characterized a competitive inhibition activity. Furthermore, the carbohydrate tolerance of the normal mice was obviously enhanced at 0.5 h (P < 0.05) and 1.0 h (P < 0.05) after the BBEE intragastric administration as compared to negative control. At 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 h after the intragastric administration with starch, the postprandial hyperglycemia of the type 2 diabetic mice can be significantly decreased (P < 0.01) by supplying various concentrations of the BBEE (10–40 mg/kg body weight). Therefore, the BBEE could effectively inhibit the postprandial hyperglycemia as a novel α-glucosidase activity inhibitor for the diabetic therapy.
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Mohan S, Eskandari R, Pinto BM. Naturally occurring sulfonium-ion glucosidase inhibitors and their derivatives: a promising class of potential antidiabetic agents. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:211-25. [PMID: 23964564 DOI: 10.1021/ar400132g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In humans, four different enzymes mediate the digestion of ingested carbohydrates. First salivary and pancreatic α-amylases, the two endoacting retaining glucosidases, break down the complex starch molecules into smaller linear maltose-oligomers (LM) and branched α-limit dextrins (αLDx). Then two retaining exoglucosidases, maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and sucrase-isomaltase (SI), convert those molecules into glucose in the small intestine. The small intestinal brush-border epithelial cells anchor MGAM and SI, and each contains a catalytic N- and C-terminal subunit, ntMGAM, ctMGAM, ntSI, and ctSI, respectively. All four catalytic domains have, to varying extents, α-1,4-exohydrolytic glucosidase activity and belong to the glycoside hydrolase family 31 (GH31). ntSI and ctSI show additional activity toward α-1,6 (isomaltose substrates) and α-1,2 (sucrose) glycosidic linkages, respectively. Because they mediate the final steps of starch digestion, both MGAM and SI are important target enzymes for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. Because of their potent inhibitory activities against the mammalian intestinal α-glucosidases, sulfonium-ion glucosidase inhibitors isolated from the antidiabetic herbal extracts of various Salacia species have received considerable attention recently. Thus far, researchers have isolated eight sulfonium-ion glucosidase inhibitors from Salacia species: salaprinol, salacinol, ponkoranol, kotalanol, and four of their corresponding de-O-sulfonated compounds, the structures of which comprise a 1,4-anhydro-4-thio-d-arabinitol and a polyhydroxylated acyclic side chain. Some of these compounds more strongly inhibit human intestinal α-glucosidases than the currently available antidiabetic drugs, acarbose and miglitol, and could serve as lead candidates in the treatment of type-2 diabetes. In this Account, we summarize progress in the field since 2010 with this class of inhibitors, with particular focus on their selective inhibitory activities against the intestinal glucosidases. Through structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, we have modified the natural compounds to derive more potent, nanomolar inhibitors of human MGAM and SI. This structural optimization also yielded the most potent inhibitors known to date for each subunit. Furthermore, we observed that some of our synthetic inhibitors selectively blocked the activity of some mucosal α-glucosidases. Those results led to our current working hypothesis that selective inhibitors can dampen the action of a fast digesting subunit or subunits which places the burden of digestion on slower digesting subunits. That strategy can control the rate of starch digestion and glucose release to the body. Decreasing the initial glucose spike after a carbohydrate-rich meal and extending postprandial blood glucose delivery to the body can be desirable for diabetics and patients with other metabolic syndrome-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Mohan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - Razieh Eskandari
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - B. Mario Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6 Canada
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Liu X, Zhu L, Tan J, Zhou X, Xiao L, Yang X, Wang B. Glucosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity of flavonoid compound and triterpenoid compound from Agrimonia Pilosa Ledeb. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:12. [PMID: 24410924 PMCID: PMC3909377 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Chinese traditional medicine, Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb (APL) exhibits great effect on treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), however its mechanism is still unknown. Considering that T2DM are correlated with postprandial hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, we investigated the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and the antioxidant activity of flavonoid compound (FC) and triterpenoid compound (TC) from APL. METHODS Entire plants of APL were extracted using 95% ethanol and 50% ethanol successively. The resulting extracts were partitioned and isolated by applying liquid chromatography using silica gel column and Sephadex LH 20 column to give FC and TC. The content of total flavonoids in FC and the content of total triterpenoids in TC were determined by using UV spectrophotometry. HPLC analysis was used to identify and quantify the monomeric compound in FC and TC. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were determined using the chromogenic method with p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside as substrate. Antioxidant activities were assessed through three kinds of radical scavenging assays (DPPH radical, ABTS radical and hydroxyl radical) & β-carotene-linoleic acid assay. RESULTS The results indicate FC is abundant of quercitrin, and hyperoside, and TC is abundant of 1β, 2β, 3β, 19α-tetrahydroxy-12-en-28-oic acid (265.2 mg/g) and corosolic acid (100.9 mg/g). The FC & the TC have strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 of 8.72 μg/mL and 3.67 μg/mL, respectively. We find that FC show competitive inhibition against α-glucosidase, while the TC exhibits noncompetitive inhibition. Furthermore, The FC exhibits significant radical scavenging activity with the EC50 values of 7.73 μg/mL, 3.64 μg/mL and 5.90 μg/mL on DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical and ABTS radical, respectively. The FC also shows moderate anti-lipid peroxidation activity with the IC50 values of 41.77 μg/mL on inhibiting β-carotene bleaching. CONCLUSION These results imply that the FC and the TC could be responsible for the good clinical effects of APL on T2MD through targeting oxidative stress and postprandial hyperglycaemia. So APL may be good sources of natural antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibitors exhibiting remarkable potential value for the therapy of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Liancai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jun Tan
- School of Biological & Chemical engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Xuemei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xian Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing 400030, China
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Dabhi AS, Bhatt NR, Shah MJ. Voglibose: an alpha glucosidase inhibitor. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7:3023-7. [PMID: 24551718 PMCID: PMC3919386 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2013/6373.3838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a morbid disease worldwide, with increasing incidence as time passes. It has macro-vascular and micro-vascular complications. The main cause of these complications is poorly controlled postprandial hyperglycaemia. Alpha glucosidase inhibitors, namely acarbose, voglibose and miglitol, are available for therapy. Voglibose is well tolerated and effective in comparable doses among these drugs. This article highlights the important features of voglibose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay S. Dabhi
- Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Medical College and Sir Sayajirao General Hospital, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikita R. Bhatt
- Intern, Department of Medicine, Medical College and Sir Sayajirao General Hospital, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohit J. Shah
- Resident, Department of Medicine, Medical College and Sir Sayajirao General Hospital, Gujarat, India
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39
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Roles of chlorogenic Acid on regulating glucose and lipids metabolism: a review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:801457. [PMID: 24062792 PMCID: PMC3766985 DOI: 10.1155/2013/801457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular glucose and lipid metabolic homeostasis is vital for maintaining basic life activities of a cell or an organism. Glucose and lipid metabolic disorders are closely related with the occurrence and progression of diabetes, obesity, hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), one of the most abundant polyphenol compounds in the human diet, is a group of phenolic secondary metabolites produced by certain plant species and is an important component of coffee. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that CGA exerts many biological properties, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic activities. Recently, the roles and applications of CGA, particularly in relation to glucose and lipid metabolism, have been highlighted. This review addresses current studies investigating the roles of CGA in glucose and lipid metabolism.
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40
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Shang Q, Xiang J, Zhang H, Li Q, Tang Y. The effect of polyhydroxylated alkaloids on maltase-glucoamylase. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70841. [PMID: 23967118 PMCID: PMC3742645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most important carbohydrate-splitting enzymes is themaltase-glucoamylase which catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-glucosidic linkages. Maltase-glucoamylase inhibitors during the last few years have aroused medical interests in the treatment of diabetes. They contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of maltase-glucoamylase. At present there are many different classes of maltase-glucoamylase inhibitors. This paper focuses on alkaloidal inhibitors of maltase-glucoamylase and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies between them in order to discover some drugs with better efficiency and lower toxicity for treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Shang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Xiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yalin Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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41
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El-Mekkawy S, Meselhy MR, Nkobole N, Lall N. Three new α-glucosidase inhibitors from guggul, the oleogum resin ofCommiphora wightii. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:146-54. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2012.662651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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42
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Williams LK, Li C, Withers SG, Brayer GD. Order and Disorder: Differential Structural Impacts of Myricetin and Ethyl Caffeate on Human Amylase, an Antidiabetic Target. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10177-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301273u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie K. Williams
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chunmin Li
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Stephen G. Withers
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British
Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Gary D. Brayer
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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44
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Patel MB, Mishra S. Isoquinoline Alkaloids from Tinospora cordifolia Inhibit Rat Lens Aldose Reductase. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1342-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayurkumar B. Patel
- Herbal Drug Technology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department; Faculty of Engineering and Technology; Vadodara; Gujarat; India
| | - Shrihari Mishra
- Herbal Drug Technology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department; Faculty of Engineering and Technology; Vadodara; Gujarat; India
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45
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Bhat M, Kothiwale SK, Tirmale AR, Bhargava SY, Joshi BN. Antidiabetic Properties of Azardiracta indica and Bougainvillea spectabilis: In Vivo Studies in Murine Diabetes Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2011; 2011:561625. [PMID: 19389871 PMCID: PMC3136679 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by an increase in the blood glucose level. Treatment of diabetes is complicated due to multifactorial nature of the disease. Azadirachta indica Adr. Juss and Bougainvillea spectabilis are reported to have medicinal values including antidiabetic properties. In the present study using invivo diabetic murine model, A. indica and B. spectabilis chloroform, methanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated for the biochemical parameters important for controlling diabetes. It was found that A. indica chloroform extract and B. spectabilis aqueous, methanolic extracts showed a good oral glucose tolerance and significantly reduced the intestinal glucosidase activity. Interestingly, A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous extracts showed significant increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and hepatic, skeletal muscle glycogen content after 21 days of treatment. In immunohistochemical analysis, we observed a regeneration of insulin-producing cells and corresponding increase in the plasma insulin and c-peptide levels with the treatment of A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous, methanolic extracts. Analyzing the results, it is clear that A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous extracts are good candidates for developing new neutraceuticals treatment for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menakshi Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, India
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46
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Kasabri V, Afifi FU, Hamdan I. In vitro and in vivo acute antihyperglycemic effects of five selected indigenous plants from Jordan used in traditional medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:888-96. [PMID: 21093568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Achillea santolina L., Pistacia atlantica Desf, Rheum ribes L., Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach and Teucrium polium L. have traditionally been used as herbal antidiabetic medicines. However their alleged benefits and mechanisms remain elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the effect of water extracts of these plants in in vitro and in vivo experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro enzymatic starch digestion with aqueous extracts from plants at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml was assayed using α-amylase and α-amyloglucosidase. Acarbose was used as control and glucose liberation was determined by glucose oxidase method. Oral starch tolerance test (OSTT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were determined for the plant extracts at concentrations 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.wt. on Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood glucose levels in rats treated with plant extracts and drugs (acarbose or metformin and glipizide) were measured at -30, 0, 45, 90 and 135 min. RESULTS Compared to acarbose (IC(50)=1.2 μg/ml), water extracts of Pistacia atlantica, Rheum ribes and Sarcopoterium spinosum exerted significant dose dependent dual inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in in vitro enzymatic starch digestion bioassay, with IC(50)s; 46.98, 58.9 and 49.9 mg/ml, respectively. Comparable in vivo results were obtained for starch-fed rats, exhibiting significant acute postprandial antihyperglycemic efficacies. While Achillea santolina and Teucrium polium extracts lacked any favourable in vitro anti-α-amylase and anti-α-glucosidase effect, other modes of action can possibly explain their substantial acute antihyperglycemic activities in starch-treated rats. Except for Pistacia atlantica extracts, none of the investigated extracts qualified for improving the glucose intolerance in fasted rats on glucose loading. CONCLUSIONS Pistacia atlantica, Rheum ribes and Sarcopoterium spinosum can be considered as potential candidates for amelioration/management of type 2 diabetes.
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47
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Conforti F, Vaccaro A, Loizzo MR, Statti GA, Autelitano G, Menichini F. Effects on free radicals and inhibition of α-amylase of Cardamine battagliae (Cruciferae), an apoendemic Calabrian (southern Italy) plant. Nat Prod Res 2010; 22:101-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410600885612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Conforti
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Calabria , I-87036 , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - A. Vaccaro
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Calabria , I-87036 , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - M. R. Loizzo
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Calabria , I-87036 , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - G. A. Statti
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Calabria , I-87036 , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - G. Autelitano
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Calabria , I-87036 , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - F. Menichini
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Calabria , I-87036 , Rende (CS) , Italy
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48
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Ullah N, Haladu SA. The First Total Synthesis of Aspergillusol A, an α-Glucosidase Inhibitor. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first total synthesis of aspergillusol A, an α-glucosidase inhibitor, was accomplished in an overall high yielding reaction sequence. A convergent synthetic approach was adopted; the erythritol segment of the molecule was derived from L-arabinose, whereas hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid oxime was built up from 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Ullah
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamsuddeen A. Haladu
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Sim L, Jayakanthan K, Mohan S, Nasi R, Johnston BD, Pinto BM, Rose DR. New glucosidase inhibitors from an ayurvedic herbal treatment for type 2 diabetes: structures and inhibition of human intestinal maltase-glucoamylase with compounds from Salacia reticulata. Biochemistry 2010; 49:443-51. [PMID: 20039683 DOI: 10.1021/bi9016457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An approach to controlling blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes is to target alpha-amylases and intestinal glucosidases using alpha-glucosidase inhibitors acarbose and miglitol. One of the intestinal glucosidases targeted is the N-terminal catalytic domain of maltase-glucoamylase (ntMGAM), one of the four intestinal glycoside hydrolase 31 enzyme activities responsible for the hydrolysis of terminal starch products into glucose. Here we present the X-ray crystallographic studies of ntMGAM in complex with a new class of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors derived from natural extracts of Salacia reticulata, a plant used traditionally in Ayuverdic medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Included in these extracts are the active compounds salacinol, kotalanol, and de-O-sulfonated kotalanol. This study reveals that de-O-sulfonated kotalanol is the most potent ntMGAM inhibitor reported to date (K(i) = 0.03 microM), some 2000-fold better than the compounds currently used in the clinic, and highlights the potential of the salacinol class of inhibitors as future drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyann Sim
- Ontario Cancer Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7 Canada
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50
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Zhang R, Li C, Williams LK, Rempel BP, Brayer GD, Withers SG. Directed "in situ" inhibitor elongation as a strategy to structurally characterize the covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate of human pancreatic alpha-amylase. Biochemistry 2009; 48:10752-64. [PMID: 19803533 DOI: 10.1021/bi901400p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While covalent catalytic intermediates of retaining alpha-transglycosylases have been structurally characterized previously, no such information for a hydrolytic alpha-amylase has been obtained. This study presents a new "in situ" enzymatic elongation methodology that, for the first time, has allowed the isolation and structural characterization of a catalytically competent covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate with human pancreatic alpha-amylase. This has been achieved by the use of a 5-fluoro-beta-l-idosyl fluoride "warhead" in conjunction with either alpha-maltotriosyl fluoride or 4'-O-methyl-alpha-maltosyl fluoride as elongation agents. This generates an oligosaccharyl-5-fluoroglycosyl fluoride that then reacts with the free enzyme. The resultant covalent intermediates are extremely stable, with hydrolytic half-lives on the order of 240 h for the trisaccharide complex. In the presence of maltose, however, they undergo turnover via transglycosylation according to a half-life of less than 1 h. Structural studies of intermediate complexes unambiguously show the covalent attachment of a 5-fluoro-alpha-l-idosyl moiety in the chair conformation to the side chain of the catalytic nucleophile D197. The elongated portions of the intermediate complexes are found to bind in the high-affinity -2 and -3 binding subsites, forming extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions. Comparative structural analyses with the related noncovalent complex formed by acarbose highlight the structural rigidity of the enzyme surface during catalysis and the key role that substrate conformational flexibility must play in this process. Taken together, the structural data provide atomic details of several key catalytic steps. The scope of this elongation approach to probe the active sites and catalytic mechanisms of alpha-amylases is further demonstrated through preliminary experiments with porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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