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Lele M, Kapur S, Hargett S, Sureshbabu NM, Gaharwar AK. Global trends in clinical trials involving engineered biomaterials. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eabq0997. [PMID: 39018412 PMCID: PMC466960 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq0997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Engineered biomaterials are materials specifically designed to interact with biological systems for biomedical applications. This paper offers the comprehensive analysis of global clinical trial trends involving such materials. We surveyed 834 studies in the ClinicalTrials.gov database and explored biomaterial types, their initiation points, and durations in clinical trials. Predominantly, synthetic and natural polymers, particularly silicone and collagen, are used. Trials, focusing on ophthalmology, dentistry, and vascular medicine, are primarily conducted in the United States, Canada, and Italy. These trials encompass a broad demographic, and trials enrolled fewer than 100 participants. The study duration varied ranging from 0.5 to 4.5 years. These biomaterials are mainly bioresorbable or bioinert, with the integration of cells in biomaterials remaining an underexplored area. Our findings shed light on current practices and future potentials of engineered biomaterials in clinical research, offering insights for advancing this dynamic field globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahim Lele
- Bridgeland High School, 10707 Mason Rd., Cypress, TX 77433, USA
| | - Shaunak Kapur
- Seven Lakes High School, 9251 S Fry Rd., Katy, TX 77494, USA
| | - Sarah Hargett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Nivedhitha Malli Sureshbabu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Akhilesh K. Gaharwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Karoichan A, Boucenna S, Tabrizian M. Therapeutics of the future: Navigating the pitfalls of extracellular vesicles research from an osteoarthritis perspective. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12435. [PMID: 38943211 PMCID: PMC11213691 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have gained wide momentum as potential therapeutics for osteoarthritis, a highly prevalent chronic disease that still lacks an approved treatment. The membrane-bound vesicles are secreted by all cells carrying different cargos that can serve as both disease biomarkers and disease modifiers. Nonetheless, despite a significant peak in research regarding EVs as OA therapeutics, clinical implementation seems distant. In addition to scalability and standardization challenges, researchers often omit to focus on and consider the proper tropism of the vesicles, the practicality and relevance of their source, their low native therapeutic efficacy, and whether they address the disease as a whole. These considerations are necessary to better understand EVs in a clinical light and have been comprehensively discussed and ultimately summarized in this review into a conceptualized framework termed the nanodiamond concept. Future perspectives are also discussed, and alternatives are presented to address some of the challenges and concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Karoichan
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Sarah Boucenna
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
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Moghaddam A, Bahrami M, Mirzadeh M, Khatami M, Simorgh S, Chimehrad M, Kruppke B, Bagher Z, Mehrabani D, Khonakdar HA. Recent trends in bone tissue engineering: a review of materials, methods, and structures. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:042007. [PMID: 38636500 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad407d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) provides the treatment possibility for segmental long bone defects that are currently an orthopedic dilemma. This review explains different strategies, from biological, material, and preparation points of view, such as using different stem cells, ceramics, and metals, and their corresponding properties for BTE applications. In addition, factors such as porosity, surface chemistry, hydrophilicity and degradation behavior that affect scaffold success are introduced. Besides, the most widely used production methods that result in porous materials are discussed. Gene delivery and secretome-based therapies are also introduced as a new generation of therapies. This review outlines the positive results and important limitations remaining in the clinical application of novel BTE materials and methods for segmental defects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehran Bahrami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, 27 Memorial Dr W, Bethlehem, PA 18015, United States of America
| | | | - Mehrdad Khatami
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965-115, Iran
| | - Sara Simorgh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Chimehrad
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering & Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Kruppke
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Zohreh Bagher
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars 71348-14336, Iran
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars 71345-1744, Iran
| | - Hossein Ali Khonakdar
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965-115, Iran
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Kumar R, Mishra N, Tran T, Kumar M, Vijayaraghavalu S, Gurusamy N. Emerging Strategies in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cardiovascular Therapeutics. Cells 2024; 13:855. [PMID: 38786076 PMCID: PMC11120430 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases continue to challenge global health, demanding innovative therapeutic solutions. This review delves into the transformative role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in advancing cardiovascular therapeutics. Beginning with a historical perspective, we trace the development of stem cell research related to cardiovascular diseases, highlighting foundational therapeutic approaches and the evolution of cell-based treatments. Recognizing the inherent challenges of MSC-based cardiovascular therapeutics, which range from understanding the pro-reparative activity of MSCs to tailoring patient-specific treatments, we emphasize the need to refine the pro-regenerative capacity of these cells. Crucially, our focus then shifts to the strategies of the fourth generation of cell-based therapies: leveraging the secretomic prowess of MSCs, particularly the role of extracellular vesicles; integrating biocompatible scaffolds and artificial sheets to amplify MSCs' potential; adopting three-dimensional ex vivo propagation tailored to specific tissue niches; harnessing the promise of genetic modifications for targeted tissue repair; and institutionalizing good manufacturing practice protocols to ensure therapeutic safety and efficacy. We conclude with reflections on these advancements, envisaging a future landscape redefined by MSCs in cardiovascular regeneration. This review offers both a consolidation of our current understanding and a view toward imminent therapeutic horizons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Nitin Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Talan Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA
| | - Munish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | | | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA
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Angelopoulou A. Nanostructured Biomaterials in 3D Tumor Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Regenerative Medicine and Immunotherapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5414. [PMID: 38791452 PMCID: PMC11121067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of nanostructured biomaterials and medicines is associated with 2D cultures that provide insight into biological mechanisms at the molecular level, while critical aspects of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are provided by the study of animal xenograft models. More realistic models that can histologically reproduce human tumors are provided by tissue engineering methods of co-culturing cells of varied phenotypes to provide 3D tumor spheroids that recapitulate the dynamic TME in 3D matrices. The novel approaches of creating 3D tumor models are combined with tumor tissue engineering (TTE) scaffolds including hydrogels, bioprinted materials, decellularized tissues, fibrous and nanostructured matrices. This review focuses on the use of nanostructured materials in cancer therapy and regeneration, and the development of realistic models for studying TME molecular and immune characteristics. Tissue regeneration is an important aspect of TTE scaffolds used for restoring the normal function of the tissues, while providing cancer treatment. Thus, this article reports recent advancements in the development of 3D TTE models for antitumor drug screening, studying tumor metastasis, and tissue regeneration. Also, this review identifies the significant opportunities of using 3D TTE scaffolds in the evaluation of the immunological mechanisms and processes involved in the application of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Angelopoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Gill JK, Rehsia SK, Verma E, Sareen N, Dhingra S. Stem cell therapy for cardiac regeneration: past, present, and future. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 102:161-179. [PMID: 38226807 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac disorders remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Current clinical strategies, including drug therapy, surgical interventions, and organ transplantation offer limited benefits to patients without regenerating the damaged myocardium. Over the past decade, stem cell therapy has generated a keen interest owing to its unique self-renewal and immune privileged characteristics. Furthermore, the ability of stem cells to differentiate into specialized cell types, has made them a popular therapeutic tool against various diseases. This comprehensive review provides an overview of therapeutic potential of different types of stem cells in reference to cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, it sheds light on the advantages and limitations associated with each cell type. An in-depth analysis of the challenges associated with stem cell research and the hurdles for its clinical translation and their possible solutions have also been elaborated upon. It examines the controversies surrounding embryonic stem cells and the emergence of alternative approaches, such as the use of induced pluripotent stem cells for cardiac therapeutic applications. Overall, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers involved in the field of regenerative medicine, guiding the development of safe and effective stem cell-based therapies to revolutionize patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Kaur Gill
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, R2H2A6, Canada
| | - Sargun Kaur Rehsia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, R2H2A6, Canada
| | - Elika Verma
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, R2H2A6, Canada
| | - Niketa Sareen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, R2H2A6, Canada
| | - Sanjiv Dhingra
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, R2H2A6, Canada
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Xing Y, Zhang MS, Xiao JH, Liu RM. Galangin induces the osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 935:175326. [PMID: 36257381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang Y, van den Beucken JJJP. Special Issue: Immunomodulatory Methods Toward Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:375-376. [PMID: 35920866 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.29034.editorial] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- School of Dentistry, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jeroen J J P van den Beucken
- Department of Dentistry-Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS)-Theme Reconstructive & Regenerative Medicine, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Shimomura S, Inoue H, Arai Y, Nakagawa S, Fujii Y, Kishida T, Shin-Ya M, Ichimaru S, Tsuchida S, Mazda O, Kubo T. Hypoxia promotes differentiation of pure cartilage from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:229. [PMID: 35593322 PMCID: PMC9178684 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
While cartilage can be produced from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), challenges such as long culture periods and compromised tissue purity continue to prevail. The present study aimed to determine whether cartilaginous tissue could be produced from iPSCs under hypoxia and, if so, to evaluate its effects on cellular metabolism and purity of the produced tissue. Human iPSCs (hiPSCs) were cultured for cartilage differentiation in monolayers under normoxia or hypoxia (5% O2), and chondrocyte differentiation was evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Subsequently, cartilage differentiation of hiPSCs was conducted in 3D culture under normoxia or hypoxia (5% O2), and the formed cartilage-like tissues were evaluated on days 28 and 56 using histological analyses. Hypoxia suppressed the expression levels of the immature mesodermal markers brachyury (T) and forkhead box protein F1; however, it promoted the expression of the chondrogenic markers Acan and CD44. The number of sex-determining region Y-box 9-positive cells and the percentages of safranin O-positive and type 2 collagen-positive tissues increased under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, upon hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α staining, nuclei of tissues cultured under hypoxia stained more deeply compared with those of tissues cultured under normoxia. Overall, these findings indicated that hypoxia not only enhanced cartilage matrix production, but also improved tissue purity by promoting the expression of HIF-1α gene. Potentially, pure cartilage-like tissues could be produced rapidly and conveniently using this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Shimomura
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Inoue
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Yuji Arai
- Department of Sports and Para‑Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakagawa
- Department of Sports and Para‑Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Yuta Fujii
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Masaharu Shin-Ya
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Shohei Ichimaru
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Shinji Tsuchida
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Kubo
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
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Celikkin N, Presutti D, Maiullari F, Fornetti E, Agarwal T, Paradiso A, Volpi M, Święszkowski W, Bearzi C, Barbetta A, Zhang YS, Gargioli C, Rizzi R, Costantini M. Tackling Current Biomedical Challenges With Frontier Biofabrication and Organ-On-A-Chip Technologies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:732130. [PMID: 34604190 PMCID: PMC8481890 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.732130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, biomedical research has significantly boomed in the academia and industrial sectors, and it is expected to continue to grow at a rapid pace in the future. An in-depth analysis of such growth is not trivial, given the intrinsic multidisciplinary nature of biomedical research. Nevertheless, technological advances are among the main factors which have enabled such progress. In this review, we discuss the contribution of two state-of-the-art technologies-namely biofabrication and organ-on-a-chip-in a selection of biomedical research areas. We start by providing an overview of these technologies and their capacities in fabricating advanced in vitro tissue/organ models. We then analyze their impact on addressing a range of current biomedical challenges. Ultimately, we speculate about their future developments by integrating these technologies with other cutting-edge research fields such as artificial intelligence and big data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehar Celikkin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dario Presutti
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Fabio Maiullari
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM “Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Alessia Paradiso
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marina Volpi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Święszkowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudia Bearzi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM “Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy (IRGB-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Barbetta
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- Department of Biology, Rome University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM “Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy (IRGB-CNR), Milan, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy (ITB-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Costantini
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Karabıyık Acar Ö, Bedir S, Kayitmazer AB, Kose GT. Chondro-inductive hyaluronic acid/chitosan coacervate-based scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:300-312. [PMID: 34358603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Injuries related to articular cartilage are among the most challenging musculoskeletal problems because of poor repair capacity of this tissue. The lack of efficient treatments for chondral defects has stimulated research on cartilage tissue engineering applications combining porous biocompatible scaffolds with stem cells in the presence of external stimuli. This work presents the role of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) encapsulated-novel three-dimensional (3D) coacervate scaffolds prepared through complex coacervation between different chitosan salts (CHI) and sodium hyaluronate (HA). The 3D architecture of BMSC encapsulated scaffolds (HA/CHI) was shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to have an interconnected structure to allow cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Chondrogenic induction of encapsulated BMSCs within HA/CHI coacervates demonstrated remarkable cellular viability in addition to the elevated expression levels of chondrogenic markers such as sex determining region Y-box 9 protein (SOX9), aggrecan (ACAN), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and collagen type II (COL2A1) by immunofluorescence staining, qPCR and ELISA test. Collectively, HA/CHI coacervates are promising candidates for future use of these scaffolds in cartilage tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Karabıyık Acar
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Seden Bedir
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Gamze Torun Kose
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Cheng J, Zou Q, Xue Y, Sun C, Zhang D. Mechanical stretch promotes antioxidant responses and cardiomyogenic differentiation in P19 cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:453-462. [PMID: 33743188 DOI: 10.1002/term.3184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested that mechanical stimuli play a crucial role in regulating the lineage-specific differentiation of stem cells through fine-tuning redox balance. We aimed to investigate the effects of cyclic tensile strain (CTS) on the expression of antioxidant enzymes and cardiac-specific genes in P19 cells, a widely characterized tool for cardiac differentiation research. A stretching device was applied to generate different magnitude and duration of cyclic strains on P19 cells. The messenger RNA and protein levels of targeted genes were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays, respectively. Proper magnitude and duration of cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) stimulation substantially enhanced the expression of both antioxidant enzymes and cardiac-specific genes in P19 cells. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) played an essential role in the CTS-induced cardiomyogenic differentiation of P19, as evidenced by changes in the expression of antioxidant enzymes and cardiac-specific genes. Mechanical loading promoted the cardiomyogenic differentiation of P19 cells. SIRT1 was involved in CST-mediated P19 differentiation, implying that SIRT1 might serve as an important target for developing methods to promote cardiomyogenic differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qing Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yugang Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'An International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Willey JS, Britten RA, Blaber E, Tahimic CG, Chancellor J, Mortreux M, Sanford LD, Kubik AJ, Delp MD, Mao XW. The individual and combined effects of spaceflight radiation and microgravity on biologic systems and functional outcomes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2021; 39:129-179. [PMID: 33902391 PMCID: PMC8274610 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1885283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Both microgravity and radiation exposure in the spaceflight environment have been identified as hazards to astronaut health and performance. Substantial study has been focused on understanding the biology and risks associated with prolonged exposure to microgravity, and the hazards presented by radiation from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and solar particle events (SPEs) outside of low earth orbit (LEO). To date, the majority of the ground-based analogues (e.g., rodent or cell culture studies) that investigate the biology of and risks associated with spaceflight hazards will focus on an individual hazard in isolation. However, astronauts will face these challenges simultaneously Combined hazard studies are necessary for understanding the risks astronauts face as they travel outside of LEO, and are also critical for countermeasure development. The focus of this review is to describe biologic and functional outcomes from ground-based analogue models for microgravity and radiation, specifically highlighting the combined effects of radiation and reduced weight-bearing from rodent ground-based tail suspension via hind limb unloading (HLU) and partial weight-bearing (PWB) models, although in vitro and spaceflight results are discussed as appropriate. The review focuses on the skeletal, ocular, central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular, and stem cells responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
| | | | | | - Marie Mortreux
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Larry D. Sanford
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eastern Virginia Medical School
| | - Angela J. Kubik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
| | - Michael D. Delp
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University
| | - Xiao Wen Mao
- Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University
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Elkhenany H, Elkodous MA, Newby SD, El-Derby AM, Dhar M, El-Badri N. Tissue Engineering Modalities and Nanotechnology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55359-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Kannan S, Ghosh J, Dhara SK. Osteogenic differentiation potential of porcine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell subpopulations selected in different basal media. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio053280. [PMID: 32973080 PMCID: PMC7595700 DOI: 10.1242/bio.053280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent porcine mesenchymal stem cells (pMSC) are invaluable for research and therapeutic use in regenerative medicine. Media used for derivation and expansion of pMSC may play an important role for the selection of MSC subpopulation at an early stage and thereby, the specific basal medium may also affect differentiation potential of these cells. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of αMEM, aDMEM, M199, αMEM/M199, aDMEM/M199 and αMEM/aDMEM media on (1) porcine bone marrow MSC derivation; (2) expression of number of osteogenic markers (ALP, COL1A1, SPP1 and BGLAP) at 5th and 10th passage in pMSC before differentiation; and (3) differentiation of pMSC (at 5th passage) to osteogenic lineage. Morphological changes and matrix formation in osteogenic cells were evaluated by microscopic examination. Calcium deposits in osteocytes were confirmed by Alizarin Red S staining. Based on expression of different markers, it was evident that selection of bone marrow pMSC subpopulations was independent of basal media used. However, the differentiation of those pMSCs, specifically to osteogenic lineage, was dependent on the medium used for expansion of pMSC at the pre-differentiation stage. We demonstrated here that the pMSC grown in combined αMEM/aDMEM (1:1) medium expressed number of osteogenic markers and these pMSC underwent osteogenic differentiation most efficiently, in comparison to porcine mesenchymal stem cells grown in other media. In conclusion, osteogenic differentiation potential of pMSC maintained in αMEM/aDMEM medium was observed significantly higher compared to cells cultivated in other media and therefore, the combined medium αMEM/aDMEM (1:1) may preferentially be used for expansion of pMSC, if needed for osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Kannan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jain University, Bangalore 560011, Karnataka, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Ghosh
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Sujoy K Dhara
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
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16
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Granz CL, Gorji A. Dental stem cells: The role of biomaterials and scaffolds in developing novel therapeutic strategies. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:897-921. [PMID: 33033554 PMCID: PMC7524692 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental stem cells (DSCs) are self-renewable cells that can be obtained easily from dental tissues, and are a desirable source of autologous stem cells. The use of DSCs for stem cell transplantation therapeutic approaches is attractive due to their simple isolation, high plasticity, immunomodulatory properties, and multipotential abilities. Using appropriate scaffolds loaded with favorable biomolecules, such as growth factors, and cytokines, can improve the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and functional capacity of DSCs and can optimize the cellular morphology to build tissue constructs for specific purposes. An enormous variety of scaffolds have been used for tissue engineering with DSCs. Of these, the scaffolds that particularly mimic tissue-specific micromilieu and loaded with biomolecules favorably regulate angiogenesis, cell-matrix interactions, degradation of extracellular matrix, organized matrix formation, and the mineralization abilities of DSCs in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. DSCs represent a promising cell source for tissue engineering, especially for tooth, bone, and neural tissue restoration. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the current developments in the major scaffolding approaches as crucial guidelines for tissue engineering using DSCs and compare their effects in tissue and organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Larissa Granz
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
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17
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Abstract
Stem cells carry the remarkable ability to differentiate into different cell types while retaining the capability to self-replicate and maintain the characteristics of their parent cells, referred to as potency. Stem cells have been studied extensively to better understand human development and organogenesis. Because of advances in stem cell-based therapies, regenerative medicine has seen significant growth. Ophthalmic conditions, some of which are leading causes of blindness worldwide, are being treated with stem cell therapies. Great results have also been obtained in the treatment of oral and maxillofacial defects. Stem-cell-based therapies have great potential in the treatment of chronic medical conditions like diabetes and cardiomyopathy. The unique property of stem cells to migrate towards cancer cells makes them excellent vectors for the transportation of bioactive agents or for targeting cancer cells, both primary and metastatic. While these therapeutic strategies are extremely promising, they are not without limitations. Failure to completely eradicate the tumor and tumor relapse are some of those concerns. Stem cells share some characteristics with cancer stem cells, raising concerns for increasing the risk of cancer occurrence. Ethical concerns due to the fetal origin of stem cells and cost are other major obstacles in the large-scale implementation of such therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Nawab
- Hospitalist, Geisinger Holy Spirit, Camp Hill, USA
| | - Deepak Bhere
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Anthony Bommarito
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Muhammad Mufti
- Internal Medicine, St. Mary's Medical Center, Long Beach, USA
| | - Awais Naeem
- Internal Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK
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18
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Blaber EA, Parker GC. Special Issue: Stem Cells and Microgravity. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 27:783-786. [PMID: 29882739 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.29001.bla] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Blaber
- 1 Universities Space Research Association , Mountain View, California.,2 NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California
| | - Graham C Parker
- 3 Department of Pediatrics and Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan
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19
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He R, Chen J, Jiang J, Liu B, Liang D, Zhou W, Chen W, Wang Y. Synergies of accelerating differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by low intensity pulsed ultrasound, osteogenic and endothelial inductive agent. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:674-684. [PMID: 30835554 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1576704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In terms to investigate the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) for differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the feasibility of simultaneously inducing into osteoblasts and vascular endothelial cells within the cell culture medium in which two inductive agents are added at the same time with or without LIPUS. Cells were divided into a non-induced group, an osteoblast-induced group, a vascular endothelial-induced group, and a bidirectional differentiation-induced group. Each group was further subdivided into LIPUS and non-LIPUS groups. The cell proliferation in each group was measured by MTT assay. Cell morphological and ultrastructural changes were observed by inverted phase contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The differentiation of BMSCs was detected by confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and quantitative RT-PCR. Results demonstrated that both osteoblast and vascular endothelial cell differentiation markers were expressed in the bidirectional differentiation induction group and early osteogenesis and angiogenesis appeared. The cell proliferation, differentiation rate and expression of osteocalcin and vWF in the LIPUS groups were all significantly higher than those in the corresponding non-LIPUS group (p < .05), suggesting LIPUS treatment can promote the differentiation efficiency and rate of BMSCs, especially in the bidirectional differentiation induction group. This study suggests the combination of LIPUS and dual-inducing agents could induce and accelerate simultaneous differentiation of BMSCs to osteoblasts and vascular endothelial cells. These findings indicate the method could be applied to research on generating vascularized bone tissue with a shape and function that mimics natural bone to accelerate early osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin He
- a State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China
| | - Junlin Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- a State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China
| | - Baoru Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China
| | - Dandan Liang
- a State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China
| | - Weichen Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China
| | - Wenzhi Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China.,b The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China
| | - Yan Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Minimally-invasive and Noninvasive Medicine , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P.R.China
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20
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Rahimpour E, Vahidi B, Mollahoseini Z. A computational simulation of cyclic stretch of an individual stem cell using a nonlinear model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:274-282. [PMID: 30556958 DOI: 10.1002/term.2790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Many experiments have shown that mechanical stimuli like cyclic strains might be helpful in stem cell differentiation. To maximize such differentiations efficiency, it is imperative to detect the cellular mechanical responses to these stimuli. The purpose of this research was to show that a newly presented hyper-viscoelastic model could correctly predict the level of stresses required to obtain a different response from a single mesenchymal stem cell cultured in a fibrin hydrogel block under a 10% cyclic strain at a frequency of 1 Hz, employing finite element method. One of the novelties of the research was the use of a model based on Simo's model. Another important feature of the research was the proposition of a multiscale model considering a layer of integrins. It was concluded that the forces exerted on the biological molecules had the maximum values of 24, 45, and 15 pN for the circumferential, radial, and shear forces, respectively. According to the results, the exerted forces within the cytoskeleton can lead to a different cellular response. These results might be a premise for interpreting events that lead to differentiation of stem cells into fibrochondrocytes. In addition, they can be beneficial in effective design of biological experiments as regards to this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeel Rahimpour
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Vahidi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mollahoseini
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Ahmad T, Shin HJ, Lee J, Shin YM, Perikamana SKM, Park SY, Jung HS, Shin H. Fabrication of in vitro 3D mineralized tissue by fusion of composite spheroids incorporating biomineral-coated nanofibers and human adipose-derived stem cells. Acta Biomater 2018; 74:464-477. [PMID: 29803004 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Development of a bone-like 3D microenvironment with stem cells has always been intriguing in bone tissue engineering. In this study, we fabricated composite spheroids by combining functionalized fibers and human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), which were fused to form a 3D mineralized tissue construct. We prepared fragmented poly (ι-lactic acid) (PLLA) fibers approximately 100 μm long by partial aminolysis of electrospun fibrous mesh. PLLA fibers were then biomineralized with various concentrations of NaHCO3 (0.005, 0.01, and 0.04 M) to form mineralized fragmented fibers (mFF1, mFF2, and mFF3, respectively). SEM analysis showed that the minerals in mFF2 and mFF3 completely covered the fiber surface, and surface chemistry analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite peaks. Additionally, mFFs formed composite spheroids with hADSCs, demonstrating that the cells were strongly attached to mFFs and homogeneously distributed throughout the spheroid. In vitro culture of spheroids in the media without osteogenic supplements showed significantly enhanced expression of osteogenic genes including Runx2 (20.83 ± 2.83 and 22.36 ± 2.18 fold increase), OPN (14.24 ± 1.71 and 15.076 ± 1.38 fold increase), and OCN (4.36 ± 0.41 and 5.63 ± 0.51 fold increase) in mFF2 and mFF3, respectively, compared to the no mineral fiber group. In addition, mineral contents were significantly increased at day 7. Blocking the biomineral-mediated signaling by PSB 603 significantly down regulated the expression of these genes in mFF3 at day 7. Finally, we fused composite spheroids to form a mineralized 3D tissue construct, which maintained the viability of cells and showed pervasively distributed minerals within the structure. Our composite spheroids could be used as an alternative platform for the development of in vitro bone models, in vivo cell carriers, and as building blocks for bioprinting 3D bone tissue. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This manuscript described our recent work for the preparation of biomimeral-coated fibers that can be assembled with mesenchymal stem cells and provide bone-like environment for directed control over osteogenic differentiation. Biomineral coating onto synthetic, biodegradable single fibers was successfully carried out using multiple steps, combination of template protein coating inspired from mussel adhesion and charge-charge interactions between template proteins and mineral ions. The biomineral-coated single micro-scale fibers (1-2.5 μm in diameter) were then assembled with human adipose tissue derived stem cells (hADSCs). The assembled structure exhibited spheroidal architecture with few hundred micrometers. hADSCs within the spheroids were differentiated into osteogenic lineage in vitro and mineralized in the growth media. These spheroids were fused to form in vitro 3D mineralized tissue with larger size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufiq Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Jun Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyu Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajeesh Kumar Madhurakat Perikamana
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Ekerdt BL, Fuentes CM, Lei Y, Adil MM, Ramasubramanian A, Segalman RA, Schaffer DV. Thermoreversible Hyaluronic Acid-PNIPAAm Hydrogel Systems for 3D Stem Cell Culture. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800225. [PMID: 29717823 PMCID: PMC6289514 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer considerable potential for biomedical applications including drug screening and cell replacement therapies. Clinical translation of hPSCs requires large quantities of high quality cells, so scalable methods for cell culture are needed. However, current methods are limited by scalability, the use of animal-derived components, and/or low expansion rates. A thermoresponsive 3D hydrogel for scalable hPSC expansion and differentiation into several defined lineages is recently reported. This system would benefit from increased control over material properties to further tune hPSC behavior, and here a scalable 3D biomaterial with the capacity to tune both the chemical and the mechanical properties is demonstrated to promote hPSC expansion under defined conditions. This 3D biomaterial, comprised of hyaluronic acid and poly(N-isopropolyacrylamide), has thermoresponsive properties that readily enable mixing with cells at low temperatures, physical encapsulation within the hydrogel upon elevation at 37 °C, and cell recovery upon cooling and reliquefaction. After optimization, the resulting biomaterial supports hPSC expansion over long cell culture periods while maintaining cell pluripotency. The capacity to modulate the mechanical and chemical properties of the hydrogel provides a new avenue to expand hPSCs for future therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L. Ekerdt
- Department of Chemical and Biolomolecular Engineering, 274 Stanley Hall University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA,
| | - Christina M. Fuentes
- Department of Bioengineering, 274 Stanley Hall University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA,
| | - Yuguo Lei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 207 Othmer, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Maroof M. Adil
- Department of Chemical and Biolomolecular Engineering, 274 Stanley Hall University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA,
| | - Anusuya Ramasubramanian
- Department of Bioengineering, 274 Stanley Hall University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA,
| | - Rachel A. Segalman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 3333 Engineering IIUniversity of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - David V. Schaffer
- Department of Chemical and Biolomolecular Engineering, 274 Stanley Hall University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA,
- Department of Bioengineering, 274 Stanley Hall University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA,
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 274 Stanley Hall University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA,
- The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, 274 Stanley Hall University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA,
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23
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McMillan A, Nguyen MK, Gonzalez-Fernandez T, Ge P, Yu X, Murphy WL, Kelly DJ, Alsberg E. Dual non-viral gene delivery from microparticles within 3D high-density stem cell constructs for enhanced bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2018; 161:240-255. [PMID: 29421560 PMCID: PMC5826638 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
High-density mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) aggregates can be guided to form bone-like tissue via endochondral ossification in vitro when culture media is supplemented with proteins, such as growth factors (GFs), to first guide the formation of a cartilage template, followed by culture with hypertrophic factors. Recent reports have recapitulated these results through the controlled spatiotemporal delivery of chondrogenic transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and chondrogenic and osteogenic bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) from microparticles embedded within human MSC aggregates to avoid diffusion limitations and the lengthy, costly in vitro culture necessary with repeat exogenous supplementation. However, since GFs have limited stability, localized gene delivery is a promising alternative to the use of proteins. Here, mineral-coated hydroxyapatite microparticles (MCM) capable of localized delivery of Lipofectamine-plasmid DNA (pDNA) nanocomplexes encoding for TGF-β1 (pTGF-β1) and BMP-2 (pBMP-2) were incorporated, alone or in combination, within MSC aggregates from three healthy porcine donors to induce sustained production of these transgenes. Three donor populations were investigated in this work due to the noted MSC donor-to-donor variability in differentiation capacity documented in the literature. Delivery of pBMP-2 within Donor 1 aggregates promoted chondrogenesis at week 2, followed by an enhanced osteogenic phenotype at week 4. Donor 2 and 3 aggregates did not promote robust glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production at week 2, but by week 4, Donor 2 aggregates with pTGF-β1/pBMP-2 and Donor 3 aggregates with both unloaded MCM and pBMP-2 enhanced osteogenesis compared to controls. These results demonstrate the ability to promote osteogenesis in stem cell aggregates through controlled, non-viral gene delivery within the cell masses. These findings also indicate the need to screen donor MSC regenerative potential in response to gene transfer prior to clinical application. Taken together, this work demonstrates a promising gene therapy approach to control stem cell fate in biomimetic 3D condensations for treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra McMillan
- Department of Pathology Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Minh Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Tomas Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBERG), Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Dept. of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peilin Ge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBERG), Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Dept. of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eben Alsberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; The National Center for Regenerative Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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24
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Chang SH, Huang HH, Kang PL, Wu YC, Chang MH, Kuo SM. In vitro and in vivo study of the application of volvox spheres to co-culture vehicles in liver tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:261-273. [PMID: 28941653 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Volvox sphere is a biomimetic concept of a natural Volvox, wherein a large outer sphere contains smaller inner spheres, which can encapsulate cells and provide a double-layer three-dimensional environment for culturing cells. This study simultaneously encapsulated rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and AML12 hepatocytes in volvox spheres and extensively evaluated the effects of various culturing modes on cell functions and fates. The results showed that compared with a static flask culture, MSCs encapsulated in volvox spheres differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells with a 2-fold increase in albumin (ALB) expression and a 2.5-fold increase in cytokeratin 18 expression in a dynamic bioreactor. Moreover, the restorative effects of volvox spheres encapsulating cells on retrorsine-exposed CCl4-induced liver injuries in rats were evaluated. The data presented significant reductions in AST and ALT levels after the implantation of volvox spheres encapsulating both MSCs and AML12 hepatocytes in vivo. In contrast to the negative control group, histopathological analysis demonstrated liver repair and formation of the new liver tissue in groups implanted with volvox spheres containing cells. These results demonstrate that liver cells implanted with volvox spheres encapsulating both MSCs and AML12 hepatocytes promote liver repair and liver tissue regeneration in liver failure caused by necrotizing agents such as retrorsine and CCl4. Hence, volvox spheres encapsulating MSCs and liver cells can be a promising and clinically effective therapy for liver injury. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this study, we used a volvox sphere, which is a unique design that mimics the natural Volvox, that consists of a large outer sphere that contains smaller inner spheres, which provide a three-dimensional environment to culture cells. The purpose of this study is to co-culture mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and AML12 liver cells in volvox spheres and evaluate two different culture methods, dynamic bioreactor and static culture flask,on the cultured cells. In addition, we aimed to evaluate the restorative effects of volvox spheres encapsulating MSCs and/or AML12 liver cells on rats with retrorsine-exposed CCl4-induced liver injuries. The results showed that MSCs encapsulated in volvox spheres differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells with a 2-fold increase in albumin expression and a 2.5-fold increase in cytokeratin 18 expression ina dynamic bioreactor. Moreover, the data presented significant reductions in AST and ALT levels after the implantation of volvox spheres encapsulating both MSCs and AML12 hepatocytes in vivo. In contrast to the negative control group, histopathological analysis demonstrated liver repair and formation of new liver tissue in groups implanted with volvox spheres containing cells. These results demonstrate that liver cells implanted with volvox spheres encapsulating both MSCs and AML12 hepatocytes promote liver repair and liver tissue regeneration in liver failure caused by necrotizing agents such as retrorsine and CCl4. Hence, volvox spheres encapsulating MSCs and liver cells can be a promising and clinically effective therapy for liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siou Han Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Han Hsiang Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Pei Leun Kang
- Cardiac Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu Chian Wu
- Kaohsiung Armed Force General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Taiwan; National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Shyh Ming Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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Antanavičiūtė I, Šimatonis L, Ulčinas O, Gadeikytė A, Abakevičienė B, Tamulevičius S, Mikalayeva V, Skeberdis VA, Stankevičius E, Tamulevičius T. Femtosecond laser micro-machined polyimide films for cell scaffold applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e760-e773. [PMID: 27943611 DOI: 10.1002/term.2376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Engineering of sophisticated synthetic 3D scaffolds that allow controlling behaviour and location of the cells requires advanced micro/nano-fabrication techniques. Ultrafast laser micro-machining employing a 1030-nm wavelength Yb:KGW femtosecond laser and a micro-fabrication workstation for micro-machining of commercially available 12.7 and 25.4 μm thickness polyimide (PI) film was applied. Mechanical properties of the fabricated scaffolds, i.e. arrays of differently spaced holes, were examined via custom-built uniaxial micro-tensile testing and finite element method simulations. We demonstrate that experimental micro-tensile testing results could be numerically simulated and explained by two-material model, assuming that 2-6 μm width rings around the holes possessed up to five times higher Young's modulus and yield stress compared with the rest of the laser intacted PI film areas of 'dog-bone'-shaped specimens. That was attributed to material modification around the micro-machined holes in the vicinity of the position of the focused laser beam track during trepanning drilling. We demonstrate that virgin PI films provide a suitable environment for the mobility, proliferation and intercellular communication of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and discuss how cell behaviour varies on the micro-machined PI films with holes of different diameters (3.1, 8.4 and 16.7 μm) and hole spacing (30, 35, 40 and 45 μm). We conclude that the holes of 3.1 μm diameter were sufficient for metabolic and genetic communication through membranous tunneling tubes between cells residing on the opposite sides of PI film, but prevented the trans-migration of cells through the holes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Antanavičiūtė
- Institute of Cardiology of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Ave. 17, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Linas Šimatonis
- Institute of Materials Science of Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko, Str. 59, LT-51423, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Orestas Ulčinas
- Institute of Materials Science of Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko, Str. 59, LT-51423, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aušra Gadeikytė
- Institute of Materials Science of Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko, Str. 59, LT-51423, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Brigita Abakevičienė
- Institute of Materials Science of Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko, Str. 59, LT-51423, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Tamulevičius
- Institute of Materials Science of Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko, Str. 59, LT-51423, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valeryia Mikalayeva
- Institute of Cardiology of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Ave. 17, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Vytenis Arvydas Skeberdis
- Institute of Cardiology of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Ave. 17, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Edgaras Stankevičius
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus Str. 9, LT-44307, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Tamulevičius
- Institute of Materials Science of Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko, Str. 59, LT-51423, Kaunas, Lithuania
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26
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Jana S, Lan Levengood SK, Zhang M. Anisotropic Materials for Skeletal-Muscle-Tissue Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:10588-10612. [PMID: 27865007 PMCID: PMC5253134 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Repair of damaged skeletal-muscle tissue is limited by the regenerative capacity of the native tissue. Current clinical approaches are not optimal for the treatment of large volumetric skeletal-muscle loss. As an alternative, tissue engineering represents a promising approach for the functional restoration of damaged muscle tissue. A typical tissue-engineering process involves the design and fabrication of a scaffold that closely mimics the native skeletal-muscle extracellular matrix (ECM), allowing organization of cells into a physiologically relevant 3D architecture. In particular, anisotropic materials that mimic the morphology of the native skeletal-muscle ECM, can be fabricated using various biocompatible materials to guide cell alignment, elongation, proliferation, and differentiation into myotubes. Here, an overview of fundamental concepts associated with muscle-tissue engineering and the current status of muscle-tissue-engineering approaches is provided. Recent advances in the development of anisotropic scaffolds with micro- or nanoscale features are reviewed, and how scaffold topographical, mechanical, and biochemical cues correlate to observed cellular function and phenotype development is examined. Finally, some recent developments in both the design and utility of anisotropic materials in skeletal-muscle-tissue engineering are highlighted, along with their potential impact on future research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Jana
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Sheeny K. Lan Levengood
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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27
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Eco matters; In & Out. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2016; 12:52-53. [PMID: 28096628 PMCID: PMC5227103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
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28
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Jain KG, Mohanty S, Ray AR, Malhotra R, Airan B. Culture & differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell into osteoblast on degradable biomedical composite scaffold: In vitro study. Indian J Med Res 2016; 142:747-58. [PMID: 26831424 PMCID: PMC4774072 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.174568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: There is a significant bone tissue loss in patients from diseases and traumatic injury. The current autograft transplantation gold standard treatment has drawbacks, namely donor site morbidity and limited supply. The field of tissue engineering has emerged with a goal to provide alternative sources for transplantations to bridge this gap between the need and lack of bone graft. The aim of this study was to prepare biocomposite scaffolds based on chitosan (CHT), polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) by freeze drying method and to assess the role of scaffolds in spatial organization, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in vitro, in order to achieve bone graft substitutes with improved physical-chemical and biological properties. Methods: Pure chitosan (100CHT) and composites (40CHT/HAP, 30CHT/HAP/PCL and 25CHT/HAP/PCL scaffolds containing 40, 30, 25 parts per hundred resin (phr) filler, respectively) in acetic acid were freeze dried and the porous foams were studied for physicochemical and in vitro biological properties. Results: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the scaffolds showed porous microstructure (20-300 μm) with uniform pore distribution in all compositions. Materials were tested under compressive load in wet condition (using phosphate buffered saline at pH 7.4). The in vitro studies showed that all the scaffold compositions supported mesenchymal stem cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation as visible from SEM images, [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR. Interpretation & conclusions: Scaffold composition 25CHT/HAP/PCL showed better biomechanical and osteoinductive properties as evident by mechanical test and alkaline phosphatase activity and osteoblast specific gene expression studies. This study suggests that this novel degradable 3D composite may have great potential to be used as scaffold in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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D'Mello S, Atluri K, Geary SM, Hong L, Elangovan S, Salem AK. Bone Regeneration Using Gene-Activated Matrices. AAPS JOURNAL 2016; 19:43-53. [PMID: 27655418 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9982-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Gene delivery to bone is a potential therapeutic strategy for directed, sustained, and regulated protein expression. Tissue engineering strategies for bone regeneration include delivery of proteins, genes (viral and non-viral-mediated delivery), and/or cells to the bone defect site. In addition, biomimetic scaffolds and scaffolds incorporating bone anabolic agents greatly enhance the bone repair process. Regional gene therapy has the potential of enhancing bone defect healing and bone regeneration by delivering osteogenic genes locally to the osseous lesions, thereby reducing systemic toxicity and the need for using supraphysiological dosages of therapeutic proteins. By implanting gene-activated matrices (GAMs), sustained gene expression and continuous osteogenic protein production in situ can be achieved in a way that stimulates osteogenesis and bone repair within osseous defects. Critical parameters substantially affecting the therapeutic efficacy of gene therapy include the choice of osteogenic transgene(s), selection of non-viral or viral vectors, the wound environment, and the selection of ex vivo and in vivo gene delivery strategies, such as GAMs. It is critical for gene therapy applications that clinically beneficial amounts of proteins are synthesized endogenously within and around the lesion in a sustained manner. It is therefore necessary that reliable and reproducible methods of gene delivery be developed and tested for their efficacy and safety before translating into clinical practice. Practical considerations such as the age, gender, and systemic health of patients and the nature of the disease process also need to be taken into account in order to personalize the treatments and progress towards developing a clinically applicable gene therapy for healing bone defects. This review discusses tissue engineering strategies to regenerate bone with specific focus on non-viral gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal D'Mello
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Keerthi Atluri
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Sean M Geary
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Liu Hong
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Satheesh Elangovan
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, 801 Newton Road, S464, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA.
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA. .,Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, 801 Newton Road, S464, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA.
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Langhans MT, Yu S, Tuan RS. Stem Cells in Skeletal Tissue Engineering: Technologies and Models. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 11:453-474. [PMID: 26423296 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x10666151001115248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys the use of pluripotent and multipotent stem cells in skeletal tissue engineering. Specific emphasis is focused on evaluating the function and activities of these cells in the context of development in vivo, and how technologies and methods of stem cell-based tissue engineering for stem cells must draw inspiration from developmental biology. Information on the embryonic origin and in vivo differentiation of skeletal tissues is first reviewed, to shed light on the persistence and activities of adult stem cells that remain in skeletal tissues after embryogenesis. Next, the development and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells is discussed, and some of their advantages and disadvantages in the context of tissue engineering are presented. The final section highlights current use of multipotent adult mesenchymal stem cells, reviewing their origin, differentiation capacity, and potential applications to tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 221, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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31
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Effects of Oxidative Stress on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:2989076. [PMID: 27413419 PMCID: PMC4928004 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2989076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells present in most fetal and adult tissues. Ex vivo culture-expanded MSCs are being investigated for tissue repair and immune modulation, but their full clinical potential is far from realization. Here we review the role of oxidative stress in MSC biology, as their longevity and functions are affected by oxidative stress. In general, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibit MSC proliferation, increase senescence, enhance adipogenic but reduce osteogenic differentiation, and inhibit MSC immunomodulation. Furthermore, aging, senescence, and oxidative stress reduce their ex vivo expansion, which is critical for their clinical applications. Modulation of sirtuin expression and activity may represent a method to reduce oxidative stress in MSCs. These findings have important implications in the clinical utility of MSCs for degenerative and immunological based conditions. Further study of oxidative stress in MSCs is imperative in order to enhance MSC ex vivo expansion and in vivo engraftment, function, and longevity.
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Abstract
This work reports first steps towards the development of artificial neural stem cell microenvironments for the control and assessment of neural stem cell behaviour. Stem cells have been shown to be found in specific, supportive microenvironments (niches) and are believed to play an important role in tissue regeneration mechanisms. These environments are intricate spaces with chemical and biological features. Here we present work towards the development of physically defined microdevices in which neural and neural stem cells can be studied in 3-dimensions. We have approached this challenge by creating bespoke, microstructured polymer environments using both 2-photon polymerisation and soft lithography techniques. Specifically, we have designed and fabricated biodegradable microwell-shaped devices using an in house synthetized polymer (4-arm photocurable poly-lactid acid) on a bespoke 2-photon polymerisation (2PP) set-up. We have studied swelling and degradation of the constructs as well as biocompatibility. Moreover, we have explored the potential of these constructs as artificial neural cell substrates by culturing NG108-15 cells (mouse neuroblastoma; rat glioma hybrid) and human neural progenitor cells on the microstructures. Finally, we have studied the effects of our artificial microenvironments upon neurite length and cell density.
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Sheykhhasan M, Qomi RT, Kalhor N, Mehdizadeh M, Ghiasi M. Evaluation of the ability of natural and synthetic scaffolds in providing an appropriate environment for growth and chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Indian J Orthop 2015; 49:561-8. [PMID: 26538764 PMCID: PMC4598549 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5413.164043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although progenitor cells have been observed in articular cartilage, this part has a limited ability to repair due to a lack of blood supply. Formerly, tissue engineering was mainly based on collecting chondrocytes from the joint surface, culturing them on resorbable scaffolds such as poly D, L-lactic glycolic acid (PLGA) and then autologous transplantation. In recent times, due to difficulties in collecting chondrocytes, most of the researchers are focused on stem cells for producing these cells. Among the important factors in this approach, is using appropriate scaffolds with good mechanical and biological properties to provide optimal environment for growth and development of stem cells. In this study, we evaluated the potential of fibrin glue, PLGA and alginate scaffolds in providing a suitable environment for growth and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the presence of transforming growth factor-β3. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fibrin glue, PLGA and alginate scaffolds were prepared and MSCs were isolated from human adipose tissue. Cells were cultured separately on the scaffolds and 2 weeks after differentiation, chondrogenic genes, cell proliferation ability and morphology in each scaffold were evaluated using real time-polymerase chain reaction, MTT chondrogenic assay and histological examination, respectively. RESULTS Proliferation of differentiated adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) to chondrogenic cells in Fibrin glue were significantly higher than in other scaffolds. Also, Fibrin glue caused the highest expression of chondrogenic genes compared to the other scaffolds. Histological examination revealed that the pores of the Fibrin glue scaffolds were filled with cells uniformly distributed. CONCLUSION According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that natural scaffolds such as fibrin can be used as an appropriate environment for cartilage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sheykhhasan
- Department of Stem Cell, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | - Reza Tabatabaei Qomi
- Department of Stem Cell, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | - Naser Kalhor
- Department of Stem Cell, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdizadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Faculty, Babol Medical Science University, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Ghiasi
- Department of Stem Cell, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mahdieh Ghiasi, Department of Stem Cell, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran. E-mail:
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Recent advances of stem cell therapy for retinitis pigmentosa. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:14456-74. [PMID: 25141102 PMCID: PMC4159862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150814456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal disorders characterized by progressive loss of photoreceptors and eventually leads to retina degeneration and atrophy. Until now, the exact pathogenesis and etiology of this disease has not been clear, and many approaches for RP therapies have been carried out in animals and in clinical trials. In recent years, stem cell transplantation-based attempts made some progress, especially the transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). This review will provide an overview of stem cell-based treatment of RP and its main problems, to provide evidence for the safety and feasibility for further clinical treatment.
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Rubio-Azpeitia E, Andia I. Partnership between platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells: in vitro experience. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2014; 4:52-62. [PMID: 24932448 PMCID: PMC4049651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We aim to identify current in vitro research exploring platelet-rich plasma (PRP) effects in human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) that may encourage or limit the clinical application of MSCs along with PRP. After a systematic search, we identified 57 in vitro studies, focused on optimization of MSC manufacturing, and expanding knowledge about how PRP modifies MSCs behavior for translational purposes. Influences of PRP on proliferation, migration, stemness, preservation of MSC immune-modulatory properties and appearance of senescence phenotype have been explored. Overall PRP stimulates MSC proliferation, preserves MSCs multipotency and does not interfere with any lineage differentiation. PRP (as platelet lysate or releasate) preserves the immune-privileged potential of MSCs and may delay the appearance of the senescent phenotype. Currently there are few data linking precise molecules and biological mechanisms. Various gaps of knowledge need to be addressed in order to obtain enough useful information for translational purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Andia
- Corresponding author: Isabel Andia, Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BioCruces Health Research Institute/Cruces University Hospital, Pza Cruces s/n, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain, E-mail:
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Mazzitelli S, Capretto L, Quinci F, Piva R, Nastruzzi C. Preparation of cell-encapsulation devices in confined microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1533-55. [PMID: 23933618 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The entrapment of cells into hydrogel microdevice in form of microparticles or microfibers is one of the most appealing and useful tools for cell-based therapy and tissue engineering. Cell encapsulation procedures allow the immunoisolation of cells from the surrounding environment, after their transplantation and the maintenance of the normal cellular physiology. Factors affecting the efficacy of microdevices, which include size, size distribution, morphology, and porosity are all highly dependent on the method of preparation. In this respect, microfluidic based methods offer a promising strategy to fabricate highly uniform and morphologically controlled microdevices with tunable chemical and mechanical properties. In the current review, various cell microencapsulation procedures, based on a microfluidics, are critically analyzed with a special focus on the effect of the procedure on the morphology, viability and functions of the embedded cells. Moreover, a brief introduction about the optimal characteristics of microdevice intended for cell encapsulation, together with the currently used materials for the production is reported. A further challenging application of microfluidics for the development of "living microchip" is also presented. Finally, the limitations, challenging and future work on the microfluidic approach are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mazzitelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via F. Mortara 17/19, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
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Salamander-derived, human-optimized nAG protein suppresses collagen synthesis and increases collagen degradation in primary human fibroblasts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:384091. [PMID: 24288677 PMCID: PMC3833026 DOI: 10.1155/2013/384091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Unlike humans, salamanders regrow their amputated limbs. Regeneration depends on the presence of regenerating axons which upregulate the expression of newt anterior gradient (nAG) protein. We had the hypothesis that nAG might have an inhibitory effect on collagen production since excessive collagen production results in scarring, which is a major enemy to regeneration. nAG gene was designed, synthesized, and cloned. The cloned vector was then transfected into primary human fibroblasts. The results showed that the expression of nAG protein in primary human fibroblast cells suppresses the expression of collagen I and III, with or without TGF- β 1 stimulation. This suppression is due to a dual effect of nAG both by decreasing collagen synthesis and by increasing collagen degradation. Furthermore, nAG had an inhibitory effect on proliferation of transfected fibroblasts. It was concluded that nAG suppresses collagen through multiple effects.
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