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Chary PS, Shaikh S, Rajana N, Bhavana V, Mehra NK. Unlocking nature's arsenal: Nanotechnology for targeted delivery of venom toxins in cancer therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 162:213903. [PMID: 38824828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present review is to shed light on the nanotechnological approaches adopted to overcome the shortcomings associated with the delivery of venom peptides which possess inherent anti-cancer properties. BACKGROUND Venom peptides although have been reported to demonstrate anti-cancer effects, they suffer from several disadvantages such as in vivo instability, off-target adverse effects, limited drug loading and low bioavailability. This review presents a comprehensive compilation of different classes of nanocarriers while underscoring their advantages, disadvantages and potential to carry such peptide molecules for in vivo delivery. It also discusses various nanotechnological aspects such as methods of fabrication, analytical tools to assess these nanoparticulate formulations, modulation of nanocarrier polymer properties to enhance loading capacity, stability and improve their suitability to carry toxic peptide drugs. CONCLUSION Nanotechnological approaches bear great potential in delivering venom peptide-based molecules as anticancer agents by enhancing their bioavailability, stability, efficacy as well as offering a spatiotemporal delivery approach. However, the challenges associated with toxicity and biocompatibility of nanocarriers must be duly addressed. PERSPECTIVES The everlasting quest for new breakthroughs for safer delivery of venom peptides in human subjects is fuelled by unmet clinical needs in the current landscape of chemotherapy. In addition, exhaustive efforts are required in obtaining and purifying the venom peptides followed by designing and optimizing scale up technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padakanti Sandeep Chary
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Samia Shaikh
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Naveen Rajana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Valamla Bhavana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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He G, Mei C, Chen C, Liu X, Wu J, Deng Y, Liao Y. Application and progress of nanozymes in antitumor therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130960. [PMID: 38518941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Tumors remain one of the major threats to public health and there is an urgent need to design new pharmaceutical agents for their diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, due to the rapid development of nanotechnology, biotechnology, catalytic science, and theoretical computing, subtlety has gradually made great progress in research related to tumor diagnosis and treatment. Compared to conventional drugs, enzymes can improve drug distribution and enhance drug enrichment at the tumor site, thereby reducing drug side effects and enhancing drug efficacy. Nanozymes can also be used as tumor tracking imaging agents to reshape the tumor microenvironment, providing a versatile platform for the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies. In this paper, we review the current status of research on enzymes in oncology and analyze novel oncology therapeutic approaches and related mechanisms. To date, a large number of nanomaterials, such as noble metal nanomaterials, nonmetallic nanomaterials, and carbon-based nanomaterials, have been shown to be able to function like natural enzymes, particularly with significant advantages in tumor therapy. In light of this, the authors in this review have systematically summarized and evaluated the construction, enzymatic activity, and their characteristics of nanozymes with respect to current modalities of tumor treatment. In addition, the application and research progress of different types of nicknames and their features in recent years are summarized in detail. We conclude with a summary and outlook on the study of nanozymes in tumor diagnosis and treatment. It is hoped that this review will inspire researchers in the fields of nanotechnology, chemistry, biology, materials science and theoretical computing, and contribute to the development of nano-enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaihua He
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Chao Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China
| | - Chenbo Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China
| | - Jiaxuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China
| | - Ye Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Li T, Xu L, Wei Z, Zhang S, Liu X, Yang Y, Gu Y, Zhang J. ELF5 drives angiogenesis suppression though stabilizing WDTC1 in renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:184. [PMID: 37980532 PMCID: PMC10656961 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Angiogenesis is a main contributing factor for tumorigenesis. E74-like transcription factor 5 (ELF5) has been verified to participate in the progression of different cancers and can regulate angiogenesis. This study was aimed to explore the functions of ELF5 in RCC. METHODS Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the expression of ELF5 in RCC. RT-qPCR was applied for testing ELF5 expression in RCC cells. Cell behaviors were evaluated by colony formation, CCK-8, and transwell assays. The tube formation assay was used for determining angiogenesis. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was utilized for measuring the methylation level of ELF5 in RCC cells. ChIP and luciferase reporter assays were applied for assessing the binding of ELF5 and ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3). Co-IP and GST pull-down were utilized for detecting the interaction of WD40 and tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (WDTC1) and USP3. Ubiquitination level of WDTC1 was determined by ubiquitination assay. RESULTS ELF5 was lowly expressed in RCC cells and tissues. High expression of ELF5 expression notably suppressed RCC cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities, and inhibited angiogenesis. The tumor growth in mice was inhibited by ELF5 overexpression. ELF5 was highly methylated in RCC samples, and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) can promote hypermethylation level of ELF5 in RCC cells. ELF5 was further proved to transcriptionally activate USP3 in RCC. Moreover, USP3 inhibited WDTC1 ubiquitination. ELF5 can promote USP3-mediated WDTC1 stabilization. Additionally, WDTC1 silencing reversed the functions of ELF5 overexpression on RCC progression. CONCLUSION Downregulation of ELF5 due to DNA hypermethylation inhibits RCC development though the USP3/WDTC1axis in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushuai Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 99 Southern Sanhuan Road, Suzhou, 215500, China
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214013, China
| | - Longjiang Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhe Wei
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214013, China
| | - Shaomei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 99 Southern Sanhuan Road, Suzhou, 215500, China
| | - Yanzi Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yue Gu
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 99 Southern Sanhuan Road, Suzhou, 215500, China.
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Hu D, Li X, Nie S, Wang S. Role of biomimetic nanomaterials made from glioma cell- derived extracellular vesicles in targeted delivery of STAT3-siRNA. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:1646-1654. [PMID: 36748374 PMCID: PMC10930272 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor and there is still no ideal treatment at present. Gene therapy, as one of the new methods for treating glioma, has attracted attention in recent years. But its application in treating glioma is very limited due to lack of effective delivery vectors. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of biomimetic nanomaterials made from glioma cells-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) for targeted delivery of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3)-small interfering RNA (siRNA) in treating glioma. METHODS First, U251 glioma cells-derived extracellular vessel (EVU251) was extracted by ultra-centrifugal method. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to characterize the particle size distribution, the transmission electron microscope was used to analyze the morphology, and Western blotting was used to verify the expression of srface characteristic protein. The homing ability was verified by cell uptake assay after labeling EVU251 with membrane dye kit PKH67; the EVU251 contents were removed by a low permeability method and then EVMU251 was prepared through a microporous membrane. Finally, the biomimetic nanomaterials EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA were prepared by loading STAT3-SiRNA with electro-dyeing method. The real-time quantitative PCR was used to quantify the successful encapsulation of siRNA, and the encapsulation and drug loading rate was calculated; then Cy5-labeled siRNA was used to evaluate the ability of biomimetic nanomaterials (EVMU251@CY5-siRNA) to target U251 cells. Lysosomal escape ability of the biomimetic nanomaterial was evaluated by lysosomal dye lyso-tracker green. At last, the ability of EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA to knock down STAT3 gene and selective killing of U251 cells was detected by cell experiments in vitro. RESULTS The size of EVU251 ranged from 50 nm to 200 nm with a natural disc shape. The expression of extracellular vesicle marker proteins could be detected on the membrane of EVU251. The cell uptake assay demonstrated that it had homing ability to target U251 cells. After EVU251 was prepared as EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA, the particle size was (177.9±5.0) nm, the siRNA loading rate was (33.5±2.2)% and the drug loading rate was (3.24±0.21)%. The biomimetic nanomaterial EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA still had the ability to target U251 cells and successfully deliver siRNA to the cytoplasm without lysosomal degradation. The EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA can effectively knock down the expression of STAT3 gene and produce selective killing ability in U251 cells. CONCLUSIONS The biomimetic nanomaterials EVMU251@STAT3-siRNA made from glioma U251 cells-derived extracellular vesicles can knock down STAT3 gene of U251 cells and produce selective killing effect, which can provide a new idea for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Preparation Research and Development, Changsha Medical College, Changsha 410219
| | - Shengdan Nie
- Office of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China.
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083.
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Liu C, Zhang W, Xu G, Zhang D, Zhang C, Qiao S, Wang Z, Wang H. Deep multilayer brain omics identifies the potential involvement of menopause molecular networks in Gliomas' disease progression. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22570. [PMID: 36165217 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200427rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The risk of high-grade gliomas is lower in young females, however, its incidence enhances after menopause, suggesting potential protective roles of female sex hormones. Hormone oscillations after menopause have received attention as a possible risk factor. Little is known about risk factors for adult gliomas. We examined the association of the aging brain after menopause, determining the risk of gliomas with proteomics and the MALDI-MSI experiment. Menopause caused low neurotransmitter levels such as GABA and ACH, high inflammatory factor levels like il-1β, and increased lipid metabolism-related levels like triglycerides in the brain. Upregulated and downregulated proteins after menopause were correlated with differentially expressed glioma genes, such as ACTA2, CAMK2D, FNBPIL, ARL1, HEBP1, CAST, CLIC1, LPCAT4, MAST3, and DOCK9. Furthermore, differential gene expression analysis of monocytes showed that the downregulated gene LPCAT4 could be used as a marker to prevent menopausal gliomas in women. Our findings regarding the association of menopause with the risk of gliomas are consistent with several extensive cohort studies. In view of the available evidence, postmenopausal status is likely to represent a significant risk factor for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guozheng Xu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Daolai Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Sen Qiao
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Zhimei Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Thomas S, Bikeyeva V, Abdullah A, Radivojevic A, Abu Jad AA, Ravanavena A, Ravindra C, Igweonu-Nwakile EO, Ali S, Paul S, Yakkali S, Teresa Selvin S, Hamid P. Systematic Review of Pediatric Brain Tumors in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Status of Gene Therapy. Cureus 2022; 14:e27963. [PMID: 36120213 PMCID: PMC9467501 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As oncology practice is rapidly shifting away from toxic chemotherapy, gene therapy provides a highly specific therapeutic approach for brain tumors. In this systematic review, we investigate gene therapy's status in pediatric brain tumors and future recommendations. The search was conducted systematically using PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. The field search used in the process was selected based on the keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), depending on the database used. We included cases of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) brain tumors in all age groups with the additional inclusion of English language, free full text, articles published within the last 20 years, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. We excluded case reports, case studies, and editorials. The search identified a total of 1,213 articles from the databases. We included 19 studies with 16 narrative reviews, one systematic review, and two randomized clinical trials with 43 patients. After reviewing all data in the articles, we found that gene therapy can improve standard treatment efficacy when used as adjuvant therapy. It can be used to overcome barriers such as chemotherapy resistance by downregulating resistance genes. It is associated with mild toxicity when compared with other available treatment options, but given the overall poor prognosis in pediatric brain tumors, further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Thomas
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Viktoriya Bikeyeva
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdullah
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Aleksandra Radivojevic
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Anas A Abu Jad
- Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Anvesh Ravanavena
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Chetna Ravindra
- General Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | | | - Safina Ali
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Salomi Paul
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shreyas Yakkali
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Sneha Teresa Selvin
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Pousette Hamid
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Caballero M, Barreto N, Bonfanti AP, Munhoz J, Rocha e Silva T, Sutti R, Verinaud L, Pinheiro de Mato FC, Lanfredi GP, Rapôso C. Isolated Components From Spider Venom Targeting Human Glioblastoma Cells and Its Potential Combined Therapy With Rapamycin. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:752668. [PMID: 35359607 PMCID: PMC8964069 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.752668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBs) are responsible for a higher mortality rate among gliomas, corresponding to more than 50% of them and representing a challenge in terms of therapy and prognosis. Peptide-based antineoplastic therapy is a vast and promising field, and these molecules are one of the main classes present in spider venoms. Recently, our research group demonstrated the cytotoxic effects of Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom (PnV) in GBs. The present study aimed to select the purified PnV-components with potential antineoplastic effects, as well as to compare different metabolic conditions. Human GB (NG97) cells were treated with the PnV fractions: F1 (less than 3 kDa), F2 (between 3 and 10 kDa), and F3 (greater than 10 kDa). After treatments, viability (MTT), proliferation (CFSE), death (Annexin V/propidium iodide-PI), and cell cycle (PI) assays were performed. The F1 and F2 fractions in acute periods (1 and 5 h) and low concentrations (0.1 and 1 μg/ml) showed more relevant effects and were repurified in subfractions (SF1–SF11); from these, SF3 and SF4 showed the most significant effects. The previous inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin had a synergistic effect with SFs, reducing cell viability even more significantly than the untreated control. Taken together, the results point to components present in SF3 and SF4 as potential prototypes for the development of new drugs for GB treatment and stimulate studies to use these compounds in combination therapy with a rapamycin-like activity. Future studies will be conducted to characterize, synthesize the molecules, and to evaluate the efficacy and safety in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Caballero
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Natalia Barreto
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pires Bonfanti
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Munhoz
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Sutti
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Liana Verinaud
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cezar Pinheiro de Mato
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Pauperio Lanfredi
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Catarina Rapôso
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Catarina Rapôso,
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Dang S, Zhang R, Tian S, Hou P, Li G, Ji M. MicroRNA‑218 inhibits the malignant phenotypes of glioma by modulating the TNC/AKT/AP‑1/TGFβ1 feedback signaling loop. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:205. [PMID: 34558654 PMCID: PMC8480380 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most malignant and common tumors of the human brain, and the prognosis of glioma patients is extremely poor MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play critical roles in different types of cancer by performing post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression Although miR-218 has been demonstrated to be decreased in gliomas, its role in gliomas remains largely unknown miR-218 expression was analyzed in gliomas and normal brain tissues (control subjects) using a dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas A series of in vitro and in vivo studies were performed to determine the biological roles of miR-218 in glioma cells Potential targets of miR-218 were identified using a dual-luciferase reporter system Western blot and dual-luciferase reporter system experiments were performed to evaluate the regulatory effect of miR-218 on the tenascin C (TNC)/AKT/activator protein 1 (AP-1)/transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) pathway It was demonstrated that miR-218 was significantly downregulated in gliomas compared with control subjects, and played potent tumor suppressor roles in glioma cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and tumorigenic potential in nude mice, as well as inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis Mechanistically, miR-218 inhibited malignant phenotypes of glioma cells by binding to the 3′-untranslated region of its target TNC and subsequently suppressing its expression As a result, miR-218 could reduce AKT phosphorylation and subsequently inhibit transcriptional activity of AP-1 by reducing JNK phosphorylation, downregulating the expression of TGFβ1, while TGFβ1 was able to, in turn, activate the TNC/AKT/AP-1 signaling axis Our data revealed a previously unknown tumor suppressor role of miR-218 by blocking the TNC/AKT/AP-1/TGFβ1-positive feedback loop in glioma
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Dang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Sijia Tian
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Peng Hou
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Meiju Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Han S, Lee Y, Lee M. Biomimetic cell membrane-coated DNA nanoparticles for gene delivery to glioblastoma. J Control Release 2021; 338:22-32. [PMID: 34391836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has been introduced as an alternative to radiation and chemical therapy for glioblastoma. Biomimetic nanoparticles coated with cell membranes (CM) have advantages such as high biocompatibility and prolong half-life. To apply CM coated nanoparticles to gene delivery, the polyethylenimine (PEI25k)/plasmid DNA (pDNA) complexes were coated with CM from C6 rat glioblastoma cells. With the CM covering, the PEI25k/pDNA complexes formed stable nanoparticles with negative surface charge. The PEI25k/pDNA/CM nanoparticles had high colloidal stability and could be stored for approximately 20 days without aggregation. The transfection efficiency of the PEI25k/pDNA/CM nanoparticles was higher than that of the PEI25k/pDNA complex in serum-containing medium. This suggests that serum does not interfere with transfection efficiency of the nanoparticles. Moreover, the PEI25k/pDNA/CM nanoparticles had lower toxicity than the PEI25k/DNA complex in vitro and in vivo. The PEI25k/pDNA/CM nanoparticles prepared with CMs of different types of cells were transfected into cells. The results showed that the PEI25k/pDNA/CM nanoparticles with the C6 CM had the highest transfection efficiency to C6 cells, suggesting the homotypic targeting effect. The therapeutic effects of the nanoparticles were evaluated in intracranial C6 transplanted glioblastoma animal models. The PEI25k/pDNA/CM nanoparticles were prepared with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase plasmid (pHSVtk) and injected into the tumor locally. The results showed that the PEI25k/pHSVtk/CM nanoparticles induced higher HSVtk expression compared with the PEI25k/pHSVtk complex. Furthermore, tumor size was reduced more efficiently by the PEI25k/pHSVtk/CM nanoparticles than by the PEI25k/pHSVtk complex. Overall results indicate that PEI25k/pDNA/CM nanoparticles are suitable for pDNA delivery to glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangrok Han
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngki Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyung Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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di Leandro L, Giansanti F, Mei S, Ponziani S, Colasante M, Ardini M, Angelucci F, Pitari G, d'Angelo M, Cimini A, Fabbrini MS, Ippoliti R. Aptamer-Driven Toxin Gene Delivery in U87 Model Glioblastoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:588306. [PMID: 33935695 PMCID: PMC8082512 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.588306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel suicide gene therapy approach was tested in U87 MG glioblastoma multiforme cells. A 26nt G-rich double-stranded DNA aptamer (AS1411) was integrated into a vector at the 5' of a mammalian codon-optimized saporin gene, under CMV promoter. With this plasmid termed "APTSAP", the gene encoding ribosome-inactivating protein saporin is driven intracellularly by the glioma-specific aptamer that binds to cell surface-exposed nucleolin and efficiently kills target cells, more effectively as a polyethyleneimine (PEI)-polyplex. Cells that do not expose nucleolin at the cell surface such as 3T3 cells, used as a control, remain unaffected. Suicide gene-induced cell killing was not observed when the inactive saporin mutant SAPKQ DNA was used in the (PEI)-polyplex, indicating that saporin catalytic activity mediates the cytotoxic effect. Rather than apoptosis, cell death has features resembling autophagic or methuosis-like mechanisms. These main findings support the proof-of-concept of using PEI-polyplexed APTSAP for local delivery in rat glioblastoma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana di Leandro
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Giansanti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sabrina Mei
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sara Ponziani
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Martina Colasante
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Matteo Ardini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Angelucci
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Pitari
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Rodolfo Ippoliti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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11
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Banerjee K, Núñez FJ, Haase S, McClellan BL, Faisal SM, Carney SV, Yu J, Alghamri MS, Asad AS, Candia AJN, Varela ML, Candolfi M, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Current Approaches for Glioma Gene Therapy and Virotherapy. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:621831. [PMID: 33790740 PMCID: PMC8006286 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.621831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in the adult population and it carries a dismal prognosis. Inefficient drug delivery across the blood brain barrier (BBB), an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and development of drug resistance are key barriers to successful glioma treatment. Since gliomas occur through sequential acquisition of genetic alterations, gene therapy, which enables to modification of the genetic make-up of target cells, appears to be a promising approach to overcome the obstacles encountered by current therapeutic strategies. Gene therapy is a rapidly evolving field with the ultimate goal of achieving specific delivery of therapeutic molecules using either viral or non-viral delivery vehicles. Gene therapy can also be used to enhance immune responses to tumor antigens, reprogram the TME aiming at blocking glioma-mediated immunosuppression and normalize angiogenesis. Nano-particles-mediated gene therapy is currently being developed to overcome the BBB for glioma treatment. Another approach to enhance the anti-glioma efficacy is the implementation of viro-immunotherapy using oncolytic viruses, which are immunogenic. Oncolytic viruses kill tumor cells due to cancer cell-specific viral replication, and can also initiate an anti-tumor immunity. However, concerns still remain related to off target effects, and therapeutic and transduction efficiency. In this review, we describe the rationale and strategies as well as advantages and disadvantages of current gene therapy approaches against gliomas in clinical and preclinical studies. This includes different delivery systems comprising of viral, and non-viral delivery platforms along with suicide/prodrug, oncolytic, cytokine, and tumor suppressor-mediated gene therapy approaches. In addition, advances in glioma treatment through BBB-disruptive gene therapy and anti-EGFRvIII/VEGFR gene therapy are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the results of gene therapy-mediated human clinical trials for gliomas. In summary, we highlight the progress, prospects and remaining challenges of gene therapies aiming at broadening our understanding and highlighting the therapeutic arsenal for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Felipe J. Núñez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Brandon L. McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Syed M. Faisal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stephen V. Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mahmoud S. Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Antonela S. Asad
- Departamento de Biología e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J. Nicola Candia
- Departamento de Biología e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Luisa Varela
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Departamento de Biología e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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12
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Abbaspour A, Esmaeilzadeh A, Sharafi A. Suicide gene therapy-mediated purine nucleoside phosphorylase/fludarabine system for in vitro breast cancer model with emphasis on evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor promoter efficacy. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:140. [PMID: 33708463 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a suicide gene therapy approach was optimized by a non-viral polyplex system based on pEGFP-N1 vector harboring purine nucleoside phosphorylase gene conducted by vascular endothelial growth factor promoter for an in vitro breast cancer model (4T1 cell line). The VEGF promoter and purine nucleoside phosphorylase gene were cloned into the vector from the source of 4T1 and E. coli genomic DNA, respectively. A gene construct was developed by replacing VEGF promoter instead of CMV promoter in pEGFP-N1vector. PNP gene was integrated in to the multiple cloning site of the obtained vector. On the other hand, a construct from pEGFP-N1 harboring PNP gene under the control of the original CMV promoter was developed. The transfection method using cationic polymer was optimized based on N/P ratio, cell cytotoxicity, polyplex size, zeta potential and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression by fluorescent microscopy and flowcytometry. Also, the effect of hypoxia condition induced by 0.5 mM H2O2 on the promoter efficiency was investigated. The results showed that the performed gene delivery system is capable of the gene transfection to more than 30% of the cancer cells with both VEGF-PNP-pEGFP-N1 and PNP-pEGFP-N1 plasmids. The hypoxia condition did not show a significant effect on the VEGF promoter. But, it revealed that bystander effect can improve the efficacy of this system and reduce drug IC50 to 2 and fourfold for plasmids VEGF-PNP-pEGFP-N1 and PNP-pEGFP-N1, respectively. These results showed that the bystander effect could almost compensate the low efficiency of non-viral gene delivery systems. We suggest that the tumor-specific gene expression system mediated by the VEGF promoter can be especially useful in the present model of breast cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Abbaspour
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Sharafi
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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13
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Aramini B, Masciale V, Grisendi G, Banchelli F, D'Amico R, Maiorana A, Morandi U, Dominici M, Haider KH. Cancer stem cells and macrophages: molecular connections and future perspectives against cancer. Oncotarget 2021; 12:230-250. [PMID: 33613850 PMCID: PMC7869576 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been considered the key drivers of cancer initiation and progression due to their unlimited self-renewal capacity and their ability to induce tumor formation. Macrophages, particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), establish a tumor microenvironment to protect and induce CSCs development and dissemination. Many studies in the past decade have been performed to understand the molecular mediators of CSCs and TAMs, and several studies have elucidated the complex crosstalk that occurs between these two cell types. The aim of this review is to define the complex crosstalk between these two cell types and to highlight potential future anti-cancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Aramini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Masciale
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Federico Banchelli
- Center of Statistic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto D'Amico
- Center of Statistic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonino Maiorana
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Uliano Morandi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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14
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Wei D, Hou J, Zheng K, Jin X, Xie Q, Cheng L, Sun X. Suicide Gene Therapy Against Malignant Gliomas by the Local Delivery of Genetically Engineered Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Cellular Vehicles. Curr Gene Ther 2020; 19:330-341. [PMID: 31657679 DOI: 10.2174/1566523219666191028103703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant tumor that is difficult to eliminate, and new therapies are thus strongly desired. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to locate to injured tissues, inflammation sites and tumors and are thus good candidates for carrying antitumor genes for the treatment of tumors. Treating GBM with MSCs that have been transduced with the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene has brought significant advances because MSCs can exert a bystander effect on tumor cells upon treatment with the prodrug ganciclovir (GCV). OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to determine whether HSV-TK-expressing umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCTKs) together with prodrug GCV treatment could exert a bystander killing effect on GBM. METHODS AND RESULTS Compared with MSCTK: U87 ratio at 1:10,1:100 and 1:100, GCV concentration at 2.5µM or 250µM, when MSCTKs were cocultured with U87 cells at a ratio of 1:1, 25 µM GCV exerted a more stable killing effect. Higher amounts of MSCTKs cocultured with U87 cells were correlated with a better bystander effect exerted by the MSCTK/GCV system. We built U87-driven subcutaneous tumor models and brain intracranial tumor models to evaluate the efficiency of the MSCTK/GCV system on subcutaneous and intracranial tumors and found that MSCTK/GCV was effective in both models. The ratio of MSCTKs and tumor cells played a critical role in this therapeutic effect, with a higher MSCTK/U87 ratio exerting a better effect. CONCLUSION This research suggested that the MSCTK/GCV system exerts a strong bystander effect on GBM tumor cells, and this system may be a promising assistant method for GBM postoperative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wei
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - JiaLi Hou
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lamei Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, Hunan, China
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15
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Zhang Y, Mou C, Shang M, Jiang M, Xu C. Long noncoding RNA RP11-626G11.3 promotes the progression of glioma through miR-375-SP1 axis. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:492-502. [PMID: 32128886 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system and are also one of the leading causes of death in cancer patients. Recently, mounting evidence suggested that both long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs play important roles in the proliferation and invasion of cancers, including gliomas. However, the role of lncRNA RP11-626G11.3 in glioma-genesis is still uncovered. Results indicated that lncRNA RP11-626G11.3 was up-regulated in glioma tissues and cell lines, moreover, its overexpression positively correlated with the poor prognosis and advanced pathological stages. Gain and loss of functional experiments demonstrated that lncRNA RP11-626G11.3 promoted the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells in vitro. The knockdown of lncRNA RP11-626G11.3 repressed the tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, lncRNA RP11-626G11.3 positively regulated the SP1 expression via competitively sponging with miR-375. Overall, our study shows that lncRNA RP11-626G11.3 promotes glioma progression by sponging miR-375 to regulate SP1 expression, which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengzhi Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Miaomiao Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyang Xu
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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16
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Tamura R, Miyoshi H, Yoshida K, Okano H, Toda M. Recent progress in the research of suicide gene therapy for malignant glioma. Neurosurg Rev 2019; 44:29-49. [PMID: 31781985 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-019-01203-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Malignant glioma, which is characterized by diffuse infiltration into the normal brain parenchyma, is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with dismal prognosis. Over the past 40 years, the median survival has only slightly improved. Therefore, new therapeutic modalities must be developed. In the 1990s, suicide gene therapy began attracting attention for the treatment of malignant glioma. Some clinical trials used a viral vector for suicide gene transduction; however, it was found that viral vectors cannot cover the large invaded area of glioma cells. Interest in this therapy was recently revived because some types of stem cells possess a tumor-tropic migratory capacity, which can be used as cellular delivery vehicles. Immortalized, clonal neural stem cell (NSC) line has been used for patients with recurrent high-grade glioma, which showed safety and efficacy. Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells may be considered as sources of NSC because NSC is difficult to harvest, and ethical issues have been raised. Mesenchymal stem cells are alternative candidates for cellular vehicle and are easily harvested from the bone marrow. In addition, a new type of nonlytic, amphotropic retroviral replicating vector encoding suicide gene has shown efficacy in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma in a clinical trial. This replicating viral capacity is another possible candidate as delivery vehicle to tackle gliomas. Herein, we review the concept of suicide gene therapy, as well as recent progress in preclinical and clinical studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyoshi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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17
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Loya J, Zhang C, Cox E, Achrol AS, Kesari S. Biological intratumoral therapy for the high-grade glioma part II: vector- and cell-based therapies and radioimmunotherapy. CNS Oncol 2019; 8:CNS40. [PMID: 31747784 PMCID: PMC6880300 DOI: 10.2217/cns-2019-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of high-grade gliomas (HGGs) remains a complex challenge with an overall poor prognosis despite aggressive multimodal treatment. New translational research has focused on maximizing tumor cell eradication through improved tumor cell targeting while minimizing collateral systemic side effects. In particular, biological intratumoral therapies have been the focus of novel translational research efforts due to their inherent potential to be both dynamically adaptive and target specific. This two part review will provide an overview of biological intratumoral therapies that have been evaluated in human clinical trials in HGGs, and summarize key advances and remaining challenges in the development of these therapies as a potential new paradigm in the management of HGGs. Part II discusses vector-based therapies, cell-based therapies and radioimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Loya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Charlie Zhang
- Buffalo School of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14202, USA
| | - Emily Cox
- Providence Medical Research Center, Spokane, WA 99204, USA
| | - Achal S Achrol
- John Wayne Cancer Institute, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Santosh Kesari
- John Wayne Cancer Institute, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
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18
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Yin Y, Li B, Mou K, Khan MT, Kaushik AC, Wei D, Zhang YJ. Stoichioproteomics reveal oxygen usage bias, key proteins and pathways in glioma. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:125. [PMID: 31464612 PMCID: PMC6716898 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The five-year survival rate and therapeutic effect of malignant glioma is low. Identification of key/associated proteins and pathways in glioma is necessary for developing effective diagnosis and targeted therapy of glioma. In addition, Glioma involves hypoxia-specific microenvironment, whether hypoxia restriction influences the stoichioproteomic characteristics of expressed proteins is unknown. Methods In this study, we analyzed the most comprehensive immunohistochemical data from 12 human glioma samples and 4 normal cell types of cerebral cortex, identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), and researched the oxygen contents of DEPs, highly and lowly expressed proteins. Further we located key genes on human genome to determine their locations and enriched them for key functional pathways. Results Our results showed that although no difference was detected on whole proteome, the average oxygen content of highly expressed proteins is 6.65% higher than that of lowly expressed proteins in glioma. A total of 1480 differentially expressed proteins were identified in glioma, including 226 up regulated proteins and 1254 down regulated proteins. The average oxygen content of up regulated proteins is 2.56% higher than that of down regulated proteins in glioma. The localization of differentially expressed genes on human genome showed that most genes were on chromosome 1 and least on Y. The up regulated proteins were significantly enriched in pathways including cell cycle, pathways in cancer, oocyte meiosis, DNA replication etc. Functional dissection of the up regulated proteins with high oxygen contents showed that 51.28% of the proteins were involved in cell cycle and cyclins. Conclusions Element signature of oxygen limitation could not be detected in glioma, just as what happened in plants and microbes. Unsaved use of oxygen by the highly expressed proteins and DEPs were adapted to the fast division of glioma cells. This study can help to reveal the molecular mechanism of glioma, and provide a new approach for studies of cancer-related biomacromolecules. In addition, this study lays a foundation for application of stoichioproteomics in precision medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0571-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, University City, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, University City, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejie Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bishan Hospital, Bishan, Chongqing, 402760, China
| | - Muhammad T Khan
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Capital University of Science & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Dongqing Wei
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Peng Cheng Laboratory, Vanke Cloud City Phase I Building 8, Xili Street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Yu-Juan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, University City, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Liang D, Song Y, Fan G, Ji D, Zhang T, Nie E, Liu X, Liang J, Yu R, Gao S. Effects of Long Form of CAPON Overexpression on Glioma Cell Proliferation are Dependent on AKT/mTOR/P53 Signaling. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:614-622. [PMID: 31171914 PMCID: PMC6535660 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.31579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: CAPON has two isoforms in human brain: long form of CAPON (CAPON-L) and short form of CAPON (CAPON-S). Recent studies have indicated the involvement of CAPON in tumor cell growth. We aimed to reveal the role of the two CAPON isoforms in the proliferation of glioma cells in this study. Materials and Methods: Lentivirus-mediated stable cell lines with CAPON-L or CAPON-S overexpression were established in U87 and U251 glioma cells. Cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation. Western blot analysis of cell cycle-related proteins and flow cytometry were performed to analyze cell cycle progression. Some important molecules of the AKT/mTOR pathway and P53 were also measured by Western blot analysis. Results: Overexpression of CAPON-L showed a significantly inhibitory role in U251 cells, while it exhibited a promoting role in U87 cells. Consistently, overexpressing CAPON-L impeded the cell cycle progression and down-regulated the expression levels of Cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6 in U251 cells, whereas it up-regulated the CDK6 level in U87 cells. The overexpression of CAPON-L significantly decreased the phosphorylation and/or total levels of AKT, mTOR and S6 in U251 cells, while it did not affect these signaling molecules in U87 cells, except for a significant increase in the phosphorylation of AKT at Thr-308 site. Transfecting constitutively active AKT (myr-AKT) partially reversed the decreased phosphorylation of AKT and S6 in the CAPON-L-overexpressing U251 cells. In addition, we found a significant decrease in the wild-type P53 level in the CAPON-L-overexpressing U87 cells. The overexpression of CAPON-S also inhibited cell proliferation, blocked cell cycle progression, and decreased the AKT/mTOR pathway activity in U251 cells. Conclusion: The effects of CAPON-L overexpression on glioma cell proliferation are dependent on the AKT/mTOR/P53 activity. The overexpression of CAPON inhibits U251 cell proliferation through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, while overexpressing CAPON-L promoted U87 cell proliferation, possibly through down-regulating the P53 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunnong Song
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangwei Fan
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daofei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 32 Mei-Jian Road, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Er Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shangfeng Gao
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Khusro A, Aarti C, Barbabosa-Pliego A, Rivas-Cáceres RR, Cipriano-Salazar M. Venom as therapeutic weapon to combat dreadful diseases of 21 st century: A systematic review on cancer, TB, and HIV/AIDS. Microb Pathog 2018; 125:96-107. [PMID: 30195644 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and infectious diseases are the preeminent causes of human morbidities and mortalities worldwide. At present, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and gene therapy are considered as predominant options in order to treat cancer. But these therapies provide inadequate consequences by affecting both the normal and tumor cells. On the other hand, tuberculosis (TB), and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infections are significant threats, causing over a million mortalities each year. The extensive applications of antibiotics have caused the microbes to acquire resistance to the existing antibiotics. With the emerging dilemma of drug resistant microbes, it has become imperative to identify novel therapeutic agents from natural sources as emphatic alternative approach. Over the past few decades, venoms derived from several reptiles, amphibians, and arthropods including snakes, scorpions, frogs, spiders, honey bees, wasps, beetles, caterpillars, ants, centipedes, and sponges have been identified as efficient therapeutics. Venoms constitute plethora of bioactive components, particularly peptides, enzymes, and other chemical entities, which exhibit a large array of anticancer and anti-pathogenic activities. This review highlights the panorama of bioactive components of animal venoms divulging the anticancer, anti-tubercular, and anti-HIV activities. In a nutshell, this context discloses the decisive role of animal venoms as alternative natural resources to combat these deadly diseases of 21st century, and propounding the plausible development of new therapeutic drugs in the present era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Khusro
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600034, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Chirom Aarti
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alberto Barbabosa-Pliego
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Raymundo Rene Rivas-Cáceres
- Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ave. Plutarco Elías Calles No. 1210, FOVISSSTE Chamizal Cd, Juarez, C.P. 32310, Mexico
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21
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Barreto dos Santos N, Bonfanti AP, Rocha‐e‐Silva TAAD, da Silva PI, da Cruz‐Höfling MA, Verinaud L, Rapôso C. Venom of the
Phoneutria nigriventer
spider alters the cell cycle, viability, and migration of cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1398-1415. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Barreto dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil
| | - Amanda Pires Bonfanti
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Alice da Cruz‐Höfling
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil
| | - Liana Verinaud
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil
| | - Catarina Rapôso
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil
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22
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Gao Y, Sun L, Wu Z, Xuan C, Zhang J, You Y, Chen X. miR‑218 inhibits the proliferation of human glioma cells through downregulation of Yin Yang 1. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1926-1932. [PMID: 29138857 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is the most common cancer type of the nervous system and the mechanisms driving the occurrence and development remain unclear, preventing effective treatment of this disease. Therefore, novel and efficient therapies for glioma are required. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‑coding RNAs that act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in human cancer. In the present study, it was confirmed that Yin Yang‑1 (YY1), a transcription factor that is part of the polycomb group protein (PcG) family, is a direct target of miR‑218 in human glioma cells. It was demonstrated that YY1 promoted glioma cell proliferation and miR‑218 could inhibit glioma cell proliferation by targeting YY1, and indirectly reduced the degradation of p53. Together the results indicate that miR‑218 functions as a tumor suppressor in human glioma and suggest that overexpression of miR‑218 may be a potential strategy for the treatment of human glioma in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi, Jiangsu 221400, P.R. China
| | - Laisheng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi, Jiangsu 221400, P.R. China
| | - Zicheng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi, Jiangsu 221400, P.R. China
| | - Chengmin Xuan
- Department of Hematology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yongping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xincheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi, Jiangsu 221400, P.R. China
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23
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Fan YH, Xiao B, Lv SG, Ye MH, Zhu XG, Wu MJ. Lentivirus‑mediated knockdown of chondroitin polymerizing factor inhibits glioma cell growth in vitro. Oncol Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627702 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary tumor in the central nervous system, characterized by rapid progression, aggressive behavior, frequent recurrence and poor prognosis. In the present study we demonstrated that chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) is highly expressed in human glioma tissues and 4 glioma cell lines. To explore the role of CHPF in glioma, a lentiviral vector expressing CHPF shRNA was constructed and transfected into the glioma U251 cells, which stably downregulated the expression levels of the CHPF gene in U251 cells in vitro. U251 cell proliferation inhibition rates were determined by MTT assay. The effect of survivin shRNA on U251 cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Compared to the shRNA‑Ctrl group of cells, the shRNA-CHPF group of cells exhibited decreased proliferation and a significant increase in the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase. In addition, we found that knockdown of the expression of CHPF increased apoptosis in glioma U251 cells. Therefore, our results confirmed that CHPF promotes growth and inhibits apoptosis in glioma U251 cells. Thus, by in vivo and in vitro data, the present study suggests that CHPF could be a new potential therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hua Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Gang Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Min-Hua Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Gen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Miao-Jing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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24
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Wang M, Hu M, Li Z, Qian D, Wang B, Liu DX. miR-141-3p functions as a tumor suppressor modulating activating transcription factor 5 in glioma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1260-1267. [PMID: 28595907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor which arises from the central nervous system. Our studies reported that an anti-apoptotic factor, activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5), is highly expressed in malignant glioma specimens and cell lines. Downregulation by dominant-negetive ATF5 could repress glioma cell proliferation and accelerate apoptosis. Here, we further investigate the upstream factor which regulates ATF5 expression. Bioinformatic analysis showed that ATF5 was a potential target of miR-141-3p. Luciferase reporter assay verified that miR-141-3p specifically targeted the ATF5 3'-UTR in glioma cells. Functional studied suggested that miR-141-3p overexpression inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of glioma cells (U87MG and U251). Xenograft experiments proved the inhibition of miR-141-3p on glioma growth in vivo. Moreover, exogenous ATF5 without 3'-UTR restored the cell proliferation inhibition triggered by miR-141-3p. Taken together, we put forward that miR-141-3p is a new upstream target towards ATF5. It can serve as a crucial tumor suppressor in regulating the ATF5-regulated growth of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Zhaohua Li
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Dongmeng Qian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - David X Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Riverpoint Blvd Spokane, WA 992082, USA
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25
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Rapôso C. Scorpion and spider venoms in cancer treatment: state of the art, challenges, and perspectives. J Clin Transl Res 2017; 3:233-249. [PMID: 30873475 PMCID: PMC6410669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Animal venoms comprise a mix of bioactive molecules with high affinity for multiple targets in cells and tissues. Scorpion and spider venoms and purified peptides exhibit significant effects on cancer cells, encompassing four potential mechanisms: 1) induction of cell cycle arrest, growth inhibition, and apoptosis; 2) inhibition of angiogenesis; 3) inhibition of invasion and metastasis; and 4) blocking of specific transmembrane channels. Tumor biology is complex and entails many intertwined processes, as reflected in the putative hallmarks of cancer. This complexity, however, gives rise to numerous (potential) pharmacological intervention sites. Molecules that target multiple proteins or pathways, such as components of animal venoms, may therefore be effective anti-cancer agents. The objective of this review was to address the anti-cancer properties and in vitro mechanisms of scorpion and spider venoms and toxins, and highlight current obstacles in translating the preclinical research to a clinical setting. Relevance for patients: Cancer is a considerable global contributor to disease-related death. Despite some advances being made, therapy remains palliative rather than curative for the majority of cancer indications. Consequently, more effective therapies need to be devised for poorly responding cancer types to optimize clinical cancer management. Scorpion and spider venoms may occupy a role in the development of improved anti-cancer modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Rapôso
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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26
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Pahle J, Menzel L, Niesler N, Kobelt D, Aumann J, Rivera M, Walther W. Rapid eradication of colon carcinoma by Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin suicidal gene therapy. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:129. [PMID: 28193196 PMCID: PMC5307849 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial toxins have evolved to an effective therapeutic option for cancer therapy. The Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) is a pore-forming toxin with selective cytotoxicity. The transmembrane tight junction proteins claudin-3 and -4 are known high affinity CPE receptors. Their expression is highly upregulated in human cancers, including breast, ovarian and colon carcinoma. CPE binding to claudins triggers membrane pore complex formation, which leads to rapid cell death. Previous studies demonstrated the anti-tumoral effect of treatment with recombinant CPE-protein. Our approach aimed at evaluation of a selective and targeted cancer gene therapy of claudin-3- and/or claudin-4- expressing colon carcinoma in vitro and in vivo by using translation optimized CPE expressing vector. Methods In this study the recombinant CPE and a translation optimized CPE expressing vector (optCPE) was used for targeted gene therapy of claudin-3 and/or -4 overexpressing colon cancer cell lines. All experiments were performed in the human SW480, SW620, HCT116, CaCo-2 and HT-29 colon cancer and the isogenic Sk-Mel5 and Sk-Mel5 Cldn-3-YFP melanoma cell lines. Claudin expression analysis was done at protein and mRNA level, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The CPE induced cytotoxicity was analyzed by the MTT cytotoxicity assay. In addition patient derived colon carcinoma xenografts (PDX) were characterized and used for the intratumoral in vivo gene transfer of the optCPE expressing vector in PDX bearing nude mice. Results Claudin-3 and -4 overexpressing colon carcinoma lines showed high sensitivity towards both recCPE application and optCPE gene transfer. The positive correlation between CPE cytotoxicity and level of claudin expression was demonstrated. Transfection of optCPE led to targeted, rapid cytotoxic effects such as membrane disruption and necrosis in claudin overexpressing cells. The intratumoral optCPE in vivo gene transfer led to tumor growth inhibition in colon carcinoma PDX bearing mice in association with massive necrosis due to the intratumoral optCPE expression. Conclusions This novel approach demonstrates that optCPE gene transfer represents a promising and efficient therapeutic option for a targeted suicide gene therapy of claudin-3 and/or claudin-4 overexpressing colon carcinomas, leading to rapid and effective tumor cell killing in vitro and in vivo. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3123-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pahle
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medicine, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lutz Menzel
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Rober-Rössle-Str.10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Niesler
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Rober-Rössle-Str.10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Kobelt
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Rober-Rössle-Str.10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Aumann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medicine, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Rivera
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology (EPO) GmbH Berlin, Rober-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Walther
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medicine, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Rober-Rössle-Str.10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
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27
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Low Expression of CAPON in Glioma Contributes to Cell Proliferation via the Akt Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111859. [PMID: 27869735 PMCID: PMC5133859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CAPON is an adapter protein for nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1). CAPON has two isoforms in the human brain: CAPON-L (long form of CAPON) and CAPON-S (short form of CAPON). Recent studies have indicated the involvement of CAPON in tumorigenesis beyond its classical role in NOS1 activity regulation. In this study, we found that the protein levels of CAPON-S, but not than CAPON-L, were significantly decreased in glioma tissues. Therefore, we established lentivirus-mediated stable cell lines with CAPON-S overexpression or down-regulation, and investigated the role of CAPON-S in the proliferation of glioma cells by using CCK8, EdU, and flow cytometry assays. Overexpression of CAPON-S reduced the cell variability and the percentage of EdU-positive cells, and arrested the cells in the G1 phase in glioma cells. Silencing of CAPON by short-hairpin RNA showed the opposite effects. Furthermore, an intracellular signaling array revealed that overexpression of CAPON-S resulted in a remarkable reduction in the phosphorylation of Akt and S6 ribosomal protein in glioma cells, which was further confirmed by Western blot. These findings suggest that CAPON may function as a tumor suppressor in human brain glioma and that the inactivation of the Akt signaling pathway caused by CAPON-S overexpression may provide insight into the underlying mechanism of CAPON in glioma cell proliferation.
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28
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Sareddy GR, Li X, Liu J, Viswanadhapalli S, Garcia L, Gruslova A, Cavazos D, Garcia M, Strom AM, Gustafsson JA, Tekmal RR, Brenner A, Vadlamudi RK. Selective Estrogen Receptor β Agonist LY500307 as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24185. [PMID: 27126081 PMCID: PMC4850367 DOI: 10.1038/srep24185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM), deadly brain tumors, have greater incidence in males than females. Epidemiological evidence supports a tumor suppressive role of estrogen; however, estrogen as a potential therapy for GBM is limited due to safety concerns. Since GBM express ERβ, a second receptor for estrogen, targeting ERβ with a selective agonist may be a potential novel GBM therapy. In the present study, we examined the therapeutic effect of the selective synthetic ERβ agonist LY500307 using in vitro and in vivo GBM models. Treatment with LY500307 significantly reduced the proliferation of GBM cells with no activity on normal astrocytes in vitro. ERβ agonists promoted apoptosis of GBM cells, and mechanistic studies using RNA sequencing revealed that LY500307 modulated several pathways related to apoptosis, cell cycle, and DNA damage response. Further, LY500307 sensitized GBM cells to several FDA-approved chemotherapeutic drugs including cisplatin, lomustine and temozolomide. LY500307 treatment significantly reduced the in vivo tumor growth and promoted apoptosis of GBM tumors in an orthotopic model and improved the overall survival of tumor-bearing mice in the GL26 syngeneic glioma model. Our results demonstrate that LY500307 has potential as a therapeutic agent for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangadhara R Sareddy
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - Xiaonan Li
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - Jinyou Liu
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - Suryavathi Viswanadhapalli
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - Lauren Garcia
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - Aleksandra Gruslova
- Cancer Therapy &Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - David Cavazos
- Cancer Therapy &Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - Mike Garcia
- Cancer Therapy &Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | | | | | - Rajeshwar Rao Tekmal
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - Andrew Brenner
- Cancer Therapy &Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA.,Hematology &Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
| | - Ratna K Vadlamudi
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA.,Cancer Therapy &Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio TX 78229, USA
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29
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Friberg S, Nyström AM. NANOMEDICINE: will it offer possibilities to overcome multiple drug resistance in cancer? J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:17. [PMID: 26955956 PMCID: PMC4784447 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is written with the purpose to review the current nanomedicine literature and provide an outlook on the developments in utilizing nanoscale drug constructs in treatment of solid cancers as well as in the potential treatment of multi-drug resistant cancers. No specific design principles for this review have been utilized apart from our active choice to avoid results only based on in vitro studies. Few drugs based on nanotechnology have progressed to clinical trials, since most are based only on in vitro experiments which do not give the necessary data for the research to progress towards pre-clinical studies. The area of nanomedicine has indeed spark much attention and holds promise for improved future therapeutics in the treatment of solid cancers. However, despite much investment few targeted therapeutics have successfully progressed to early clinical trials, indicating yet again that the human body is complicated and that much more understanding of the fundamentals of receptor interactions, physics of nanomedical constructs and their circulation in the body is indeed needed. We believe that nanomedical therapeutics can allow for more efficient treatments of resistant cancers, and may well be a cornerstone for RNA based therapeutics in the future given their general need for shielding from the harsh environment in the blood stream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sten Friberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Swedish Medical Nanoscience Center, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Andreas M Nyström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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30
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Kamran N, Candolfi M, Baker GJ, Ayala MM, Dzaman M, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders: Central Nervous System Neoplasms. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1382:467-82. [PMID: 26611605 PMCID: PMC4677484 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3271-9_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults with a median survival of 16.2-21.2 months post diagnosis (Stupp et al., N Engl J Med 352(10): 987-996, 2005). Because of its location, complete surgical resection is impossible; additionally because GBM is also resistant to chemotherapeutic and radiotherapy approaches, development of novel therapies is urgently needed. In this chapter we describe the development of preclinical animal models and a conditionally cytotoxic and immune-stimulatory gene therapy strategy that successfully causes tumor regression in several rodent GBM models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kamran
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, Piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gregory J Baker
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA
| | - Mariela Moreno Ayala
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, Piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marta Dzaman
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5689, USA.
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Wang W, Liu F, Xiang B, Xiang C, Mou X. Stem cells as cellular vehicles for gene therapy against glioblastoma. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:17102-17109. [PMID: 26770303 PMCID: PMC4694203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadliest primary tumor in adults, with current treatments having limited specific and efficient delivery of therapeutic drugs to tumor sites or cells. Therefore, the development of alternative treatment options is urgently needed. Stem cells are considered as ideal cellular vehicles for gene therapy against glioblastoma. In this paper, we reviewed the recent studies investigating the use of different types of stem cells as cellular vehicles and the gene of interests against the glioblastoma, as well as the future directions of the application of cellular vehicles mediated therapy for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s HospitalHangzhou 310014, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310009, China
| | - Fanlong Liu
- Department of Anus, Rectum & Colon Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003, China
| | - Bingyu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003, China
| | - Charlie Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaozhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s HospitalHangzhou 310014, China
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Fang CY, Tsai YD, Lin MC, Wang M, Chen PL, Chao CN, Huang YL, Chang D, Shen CH. Inhibition of Human Bladder Cancer Growth by a Suicide Gene Delivered by JC Polyomavirus Virus-like Particles in a Mouse Model. J Urol 2015; 193:2100-6. [PMID: 25623749 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yao Fang
- Department of Medical Research, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Da Tsai
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mien-Chun Lin
- Department of Urology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pei-Lain Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Nun Chao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yih-Leh Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Deching Chang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Huang Shen
- Department of Urology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
Neurosurgical oncology for intrinsic glioma is evolving rapidly. It must be patient-centered, consultant-led and research-orientated. The value of specialist neurosurgical engagement is becoming more widely recognized. Detailed evaluation tailored to each patient is essential before the surgical admission, in conjunction with clinical oncology input. Medical optimization, collation of magnetic resonance datasets for preoperative planning and providing an informed explanation of the proposed management and its alternatives are all part of the neurosurgeon's remit. Meticulous microsurgical technique during surgery utilizing modern neuronavigation and physiological monitoring are integral components of the specialist armamentarium. A clear understanding of the rationale for surgical intervention, including its place alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy, informs surgical decision-making. Recognition and understanding of these issues are driving the evolution of neurosurgical management of high-grade glioma. New challenges are emerging and need to be critically evaluated in robustly designed clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Watts
- University of Cambridge Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Box 167 Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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34
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Oh B, Han J, Choi E, Tan X, Lee M. Peptide micelle-mediated delivery of tissue-specific suicide gene and combined therapy with avastin in a glioblastoma model. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:1461-9. [PMID: 25631673 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bevacizumab (Avastin) is an angiogenesis inhibitor used as a treatment for various cancers. In this study, the combination therapy of Avastin and glioblastoma-specific thymidine kinase gene [pEpo-NI2-SV-herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase(HSVtk)] was evaluated in a glioblastoma animal model. The R7L10 peptide was used as a gene carrier of pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk. Gel retardation assays confirmed that R7L10 formed stable complexes with pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk. R7L10 protected DNA from nuclease digestion. R7L10 had lower transfection efficiency than polyethylenimine (PEI; 25 kDa). However, the in vitro and in vivo toxicity assays showed that R7L10 had lower cytotoxicity than PEI, suggesting that R7L10 is safer than PEI. For the combination therapy, Avastin was injected intravenously and the pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk/R7L10 complexes were injected intratumorally in the glioblastoma animal model. Tumor growth was most effectively inhibited by the combination therapy of Avastin and the gene. The immunostaining results confirmed that the HSVtk genes were expressed in the groups with the pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk/R7L10 complex. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay showed a higher level of apoptotic cells in the combination group than the pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk/R7L10 complex or Avastin group. In conclusion, the combination of Avastin and the glioblastoma-specific HSVtk gene has a higher antitumor effect than single therapy of Avastin or HSVtk after intratumoral administration in glioblastoma animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binna Oh
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
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Renault IZ, Golgher D. Molecular genetics of glioblastomas: defining subtypes and understanding the biology. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2014; 25:97-103. [PMID: 25476515 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite comprehensive therapy, which includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme is very poor. Diagnosed individuals present an average of 12 to 18 months of life. This article provides an overview of the molecular genetics of these tumors. Despite the overwhelming amount of data available, so far little has been translated into real benefits for the patient. Because this is such a complex topic, the goal is to point out the main alterations in the biological pathways that lead to tumor formation, and how this can contribute to the development of better therapies and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Golgher
- Symbiosis-Biotechnology Consultancy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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36
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Glioblastoma multiforme - an overview. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2014; 18:307-12. [PMID: 25477751 PMCID: PMC4248049 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2014.40559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a central nervous system tumor of grade IV histological malignancy according to the WHO classification. Over 90% of diagnosed glioblastomas multiforme cases are primary gliomas, arising from normal glial cells through multistep oncogenesis. The remaining 10% are secondary gliomas originating from tumors of lower grade. These tumors expand distinctly more slowly. Although genetic alterations and deregulations of molecular pathways leading to both primary and secondary glioblastomas formation differ, morphologically they do not reveal any significant differences. Glioblastoma is a neoplasm that occurs spontaneously, although familial gliomas have also been noted. Caucasians, especially those living in industrial areas, have a higher incidence of glioblastoma. Cases of glioblastoma in infants and children are also reported. The participation of sex hormones and viruses in its oncogenesis was also suggested. Progression of glioblastoma multiforme is associated with deregulation of checkpoint G1/S of a cell cycle and occurrence of multiple genetic abnormalities of tumor cells. Metastases of glioblastoma multiforme are rarely described. Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme includes tumor resection, as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Drugs inhibiting integrin signaling pathways and immunotherapy are also employed. Treatment modalities and prognosis depend on the tumor localization, degree of its malignancy, genetic profile, proliferation activity, patient's age and the Karnofsky performance scale score. Although the biology of glioblastoma multiforme has recently been widely investigated, the studies summarizing the knowledge of its development and treatment are still not sufficient in terms of comprehensive brain tumor analysis.
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37
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Okura H, Smith CA, Rutka JT. Gene therapy for malignant glioma. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR THERAPIES 2014; 2:21. [PMID: 26056588 PMCID: PMC4451964 DOI: 10.1186/2052-8426-2-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and devastating primary brain tumor in adults. Despite current treatment modalities, such as surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, only modest improvements in median survival have been achieved. Frequent recurrence and invasiveness of GBM are likely due to the resistance of glioma stem cells to conventional treatments; therefore, novel alternative treatment strategies are desperately needed. Recent advancements in molecular biology and gene technology have provided attractive novel treatment possibilities for patients with GBM. Gene therapy is defined as a technology that aims to modify the genetic complement of cells to obtain therapeutic benefit. To date, gene therapy for the treatment of GBM has demonstrated anti-tumor efficacy in pre-clinical studies and promising safety profiles in clinical studies. However, while this approach is obviously promising, concerns still exist regarding issues associated with transduction efficiency, viral delivery, the pathologic response of the brain, and treatment efficacy. Tumor development and progression involve alterations in a wide spectrum of genes, therefore a variety of gene therapy approaches for GBM have been proposed. Improved viral vectors are being evaluated, and the potential use of gene therapy alone or in synergy with other treatments against GBM are being studied. In this review, we will discuss the most commonly studied gene therapy approaches for the treatment of GBM in preclinical and clinical studies including: prodrug/suicide gene therapy; oncolytic gene therapy; cytokine mediated gene therapy; and tumor suppressor gene therapy. In addition, we review the principles and mechanisms of current gene therapy strategies as well as advantages and disadvantages of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Okura
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada ; Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Christian A Smith
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada
| | - James T Rutka
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada ; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, 5th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5 Canada ; Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Suite 1503, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada
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38
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Okura H, Smith CA, Rutka JT. Gene therapy for malignant glioma. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR THERAPIES 2014; 2:21. [PMID: 26056588 PMCID: PMC4451964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and devastating primary brain tumor in adults. Despite current treatment modalities, such as surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, only modest improvements in median survival have been achieved. Frequent recurrence and invasiveness of GBM are likely due to the resistance of glioma stem cells to conventional treatments; therefore, novel alternative treatment strategies are desperately needed. Recent advancements in molecular biology and gene technology have provided attractive novel treatment possibilities for patients with GBM. Gene therapy is defined as a technology that aims to modify the genetic complement of cells to obtain therapeutic benefit. To date, gene therapy for the treatment of GBM has demonstrated anti-tumor efficacy in pre-clinical studies and promising safety profiles in clinical studies. However, while this approach is obviously promising, concerns still exist regarding issues associated with transduction efficiency, viral delivery, the pathologic response of the brain, and treatment efficacy. Tumor development and progression involve alterations in a wide spectrum of genes, therefore a variety of gene therapy approaches for GBM have been proposed. Improved viral vectors are being evaluated, and the potential use of gene therapy alone or in synergy with other treatments against GBM are being studied. In this review, we will discuss the most commonly studied gene therapy approaches for the treatment of GBM in preclinical and clinical studies including: prodrug/suicide gene therapy; oncolytic gene therapy; cytokine mediated gene therapy; and tumor suppressor gene therapy. In addition, we review the principles and mechanisms of current gene therapy strategies as well as advantages and disadvantages of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Okura
- />The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada
- />Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Christian A Smith
- />The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada
| | - James T Rutka
- />The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada
- />Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, 5th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5 Canada
- />Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Suite 1503, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada
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Watts C, Price SJ, Santarius T. Current concepts in the surgical management of glioma patients. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2014; 26:385-94. [PMID: 24882149 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The scientific basis for the surgical management of patients with glioma is rapidly evolving. The infiltrative nature of these cancers precludes a surgical cure, but despite this, cytoreductive surgery remains central to high-quality patient care. In addition to tissue sampling for accurate histopathological diagnosis and molecular genetic characterisation, clinical benefit from decompression of space-occupying lesions and microsurgical cytoreduction has been reported in patients with different grades of glioma. By integrating advanced surgical techniques with molecular genetic characterisation of the disease and targeted radiotherapy and chemotherapy, it is possible to construct a programme of personalised surgical therapy throughout the patient journey. The goal of therapeutic packages tailored to each patient is to optimise patient safety and clinical outcome and must be delivered in a multidisciplinary setting. Here we review the current concepts that underlie surgical subspecialisation in the management of patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Watts
- University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - S J Price
- University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - T Santarius
- University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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40
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Qiu L, Zhang X, Chen Z. Screening and functional analysis of glioma‑related genes induced by candoxin. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:767-72. [PMID: 24913449 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify time‑specific and common differential genes (CDGs) expressed in glioma cells following exposure to candoxin at three different time‑points. Gene expression data from candoxin‑treated human glioma (Hs 683) cells were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (accession number, GSE1682), from a 12‑time‑point set of samples. Differentially expressed genes were screened between control and candoxin‑treated samples at different time‑points, and three time‑specific gene sets and CDGs were identified. All genes were subject to pathway enrichment analysis to gain further insight into gene function. CDGs were clustered based upon their original expression between 0 and 48 h, and, from this subset, feature genes were selected. Small molecules associated with candoxin were identified by comparing the expression pattern of the most valid candidate genes with that of differential genes exposed to small molecules in the Connectivity Map. From the 12‑, 24‑ and 48‑h time‑points, 746, 265 and 539 differentially expressed genes were identified, respectively. A total of 129 genes were differentially expressed and significantly enriched in focal adhesion and gap junction pathways. From these, 11 feature genes and one marker gene (EPS8L1) were identified. Four small molecules that were most relevant to candoxin action were identified. In conclusion, it is hypothesized that candoxin stimulation can cause glial inflammation through mutations in cell adhesion activity. The EPS8L1 gene may be a valid marker for glioma diagnosis, and the four small molecules identified may be relevant for future drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Zuoquan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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41
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Cordier D, Gerber A, Kluba C, Bauman A, Hutter G, Mindt TL, Mariani L. Expression of Different Neurokinin-1 Receptor (NK1R) Isoforms in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Potential Implications for Targeted Therapy. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2014; 29:221-6. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2013.1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Cordier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Gerber
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Kluba
- Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Bauman
- Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Hutter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Mariani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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42
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Wilson TA, Karajannis MA, Harter DH. Glioblastoma multiforme: State of the art and future therapeutics. Surg Neurol Int 2014; 5:64. [PMID: 24991467 PMCID: PMC4078454 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.132138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite the proven benefit of surgical resection and aggressive treatment with chemo- and radiotherapy, the prognosis remains very poor. Recent advances of our understanding of the biology and pathophysiology of GBM have allowed the development of a wide array of novel therapeutic approaches, which have been developed. These novel approaches include molecularly targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and gene therapy. METHODS We offer a brief review of the current standard of care, and a survey of novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of GBM. RESULTS Despite promising results in preclinical trials, many of these therapies have demonstrated limited therapeutic efficacy in human clinical trials. Thus, although survival of patients with GBM continues to slowly improve, treatment of GBM remains extremely challenging. CONCLUSION Continued research and development of targeted therapies, based on a detailed understanding of molecular pathogenesis can reasonably be expected to yield improved outcomes for patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A Wilson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Matthias A Karajannis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - David H Harter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA
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43
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Shi H, Gao Y, Tang Y, Wu Y, Gong H, Du J, Zheng B, Hu J, Shi Q, Yu R. CacyBP/SIP protein is important for the proliferation of human glioma cells. IUBMB Life 2014; 66:286-91. [PMID: 24740456 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Recently, calcyclin-binding protein or Siah-1-interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP), a component of a novel ubiquitinylation pathway, could regulate the β-catenin degradation (Fukushima et al., Immunity 2006, 24, 29-39). However, the potential role of CacyBP/SIP itself in human glioma cells has not been clarified. Here, we found that CacyBP/SIP was expressed highly in human glioma tissues. Silencing of CacyBP/SIP by short-hairpin RNA severely suppressed the proliferation of human glioma cell U251, which was at least partly mediated by downregulation of phospho-Akt (p-Akt) and phospho-β-catenin (p-β-catenin) as well as upregulation of p53 and p21. Furthermore, overexpression of CacyBP/SIP obviously promoted the proliferation of human glioma U251, which exhibited the exactly contrary trend in the expression of p-Akt, p-β-catenin, p53, and p21. Taken together, these findings suggest that CacyBP/SIP plays important roles in the proliferation of human glioma cell which might be involved in the development of human glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengliang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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44
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VanderVeen N, Paran C, Appelhans A, Krasinkiewicz J, Lemons R, Appelman H, Doherty R, Palmer D, Ng P, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Marmosets as a preclinical model for testing "off-label" use of doxycycline to turn on Flt3L expression from high-capacity adenovirus vectors. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2014; 1:10. [PMID: 25068145 PMCID: PMC4111110 DOI: 10.1038/mtm.2013.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We developed a combined conditional cytotoxic, i.e., herpes simplex type 1-thymidine kinase (TK), plus immune-stimulatory, i.e., fms-like tyrosine kinase ligand-3-mediated gene therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Therapeutic transgenes were encoded within high-capacity adenoviral vectors (HC-Ad); TK was expressed constitutively, while Flt3L was under the control of the TetOn regulatable promoter. We previously assessed efficacy and safety in intracranial GBM rodent models. But, since this approach involves expression of a cytokine within the brain, we chose the nonhuman primate, i.e., Callithrix jaccus (marmoset) as it has been established that its immune response shares similarities with man. We characterized the safety, cell-type specific expression, and doxycycline (DOX)-inducibility of HC-Ad-TetOn-Flt3L delivered within the striatum. We used allometrically scaled DOX doses delivered orally, twice daily for one month, mimicking the route and duration of DOX administration planned for the GBM trial. Flt3L was effectively expressed within astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. No evidence of brain or systemic toxicities due to the treatment was encountered. Our data indicate that DOX doses equivalent to those used in humans to treat infections can be safely used "off-label" to turn "on" therapeutic gene expression from HC-Ad-TetOn-Flt3L; providing evidence for the safety of this approach in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan VanderVeen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Paran
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ashley Appelhans
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Johnny Krasinkiewicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rosemary Lemons
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Henry Appelman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, University Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Robert Doherty
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Donna Palmer
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Philip Ng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Piccioni DE, Kesari S. Clinical trials of viral therapy for malignant gliomas. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2013; 13:1297-305. [PMID: 24138481 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2013.851160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent scientific advances in the understanding of the biology of malignant gliomas, there has been little change in the overall survival for this devastating disease. New and innovative treatments are under constant investigation. Starting in the 1990s, there was an interest in using viral therapeutics for the treatment of malignant gliomas. Multiple strategies were pursued, including oncolytic viral therapy, enzyme/pro-drug combinations and gene transfer with viral vectors. Multiple Phase I and II trials demonstrated the safety of these techniques, but clinically showed limited efficacy. However, this led to a better understanding of the pitfalls of viral therapy and encouraged the development of new approaches and improved delivery methods. Here we review the prior and ongoing clinical trials of viral therapy for gliomas, and discuss how novel strategies are currently being utilized in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Piccioni
- Department of Neurosciences, Moores Cancer Center, Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, 3855 Health Sciences Dr. #0819, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Mineharu Y, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR, Sakai N, Miyamoto S. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy for glioma: multiple regimens and implications in clinical trials. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2013; 53:741-54. [PMID: 24140772 PMCID: PMC3926207 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra2013-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High grade glioma is a highly invasive brain tumor and recurrence is almost inevitable, even after radical resection of the tumor mass. Cytotoxic immune responses and immunological memory induced by immunotherapy might prevent tumor recurrence. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells of the innate immune system with the potential to generate robust antigen-specific T cell immune responses. DC-based immunotherapeutic strategies have been intensively studied in both preclinical and clinical settings. Although advances have been made in the experimental use of DCs, there are still considerable challenges that need to be addressed for clinical translation. In this review, we describe the variability of regimens currently available for DC-based immunotherapy and then review strategies to optimize DC therapeutic efficacy against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Mineharu
- Division of Neuroendovascular Therapy, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation
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Wang C, Ning L, Wang H, Lu Z, Li X, Fan X, Wang X, Liu Y. A peptide-mediated targeting gene delivery system for malignant glioma cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:3631-40. [PMID: 24101872 PMCID: PMC3790891 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s44990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant glioma. Although there has been considerable progress in treatment strategies, the prognosis of many patients with GBM remains poor. In this work, polyethylenimine (PEI) and the VTWTPQAWFQWV (VTW) peptide were modified and synthesized into GBM-targeting nanoparticles. The transfection efficiency of U-87 (human glioblastoma) cells was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Cell internalization was investigated to verify the nanoparticle delivery into the cytoplasm. Results showed that the methods of polymer conjugation and the amount of VTW peptide were important factors to polymer synthesis and transfection. The PEI-VTW20 nanoparticles increased the transfection efficiency significantly. This report describes the use of VTW peptide-based PEI nanoparticles for intracellular gene delivery in a GBM cell-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China ; Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Merienne N, Le Douce J, Faivre E, Déglon N, Bonvento G. Efficient gene delivery and selective transduction of astrocytes in the mammalian brain using viral vectors. Front Cell Neurosci 2013; 7:106. [PMID: 23847471 PMCID: PMC3701857 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are now considered as key players in brain information processing because of their newly discovered roles in synapse formation and plasticity, energy metabolism and blood flow regulation. However, our understanding of astrocyte function is still fragmented compared to other brain cell types. A better appreciation of the biology of astrocytes requires the development of tools to generate animal models in which astrocyte-specific proteins and pathways can be manipulated. In addition, it is becoming increasingly evident that astrocytes are also important players in many neurological disorders. Targeted modulation of protein expression in astrocytes would be critical for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Gene transfer is valuable to target a subpopulation of cells and explore their function in experimental models. In particular, viral-mediated gene transfer provides a rapid, highly flexible and cost-effective, in vivo paradigm to study the impact of genes of interest during central nervous system development or in adult animals. We will review the different strategies that led to the recent development of efficient viral vectors that can be successfully used to selectively transduce astrocytes in the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Merienne
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurotherapies, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland
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Puntel M, A K M GM, Farrokhi C, Vanderveen N, Paran C, Appelhans A, Kroeger KM, Salem A, Lacayo L, Pechnick RN, Kelson KR, Kaur S, Kennedy S, Palmer D, Ng P, Liu C, Krasinkiewicz J, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Safety profile, efficacy, and biodistribution of a bicistronic high-capacity adenovirus vector encoding a combined immunostimulation and cytotoxic gene therapy as a prelude to a phase I clinical trial for glioblastoma. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 268:318-30. [PMID: 23403069 PMCID: PMC3641940 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviral vectors (Ads) are promising gene delivery vehicles due to their high transduction efficiency; however, their clinical usefulness has been hampered by their immunogenicity and the presence of anti-Ad immunity in humans. We reported the efficacy of a gene therapy approach for glioma consisting of intratumoral injection of Ads encoding conditionally cytotoxic herpes simplex type 1 thymidine kinase (Ad-TK) and the immunostimulatory cytokine fms-like tyrosine kinase ligand 3 (Ad-Flt3L). Herein, we report the biodistribution, efficacy, and neurological and systemic effects of a bicistronic high-capacity Ad, i.e., HC-Ad-TK/TetOn-Flt3L. HC-Ads elicit sustained transgene expression, even in the presence of anti-Ad immunity, and can encode large therapeutic cassettes, including regulatory elements to enable turning gene expression "on" or "off" according to clinical need. The inclusion of two therapeutic transgenes within a single vector enables a reduction of the total vector load without adversely impacting efficacy. Because clinically the vectors will be delivered into the surgical cavity, normal regions of the brain parenchyma are likely to be transduced. Thus, we assessed any potential toxicities elicited by escalating doses of HC-Ad-TK/TetOn-Flt3L (1×10(8), 1×10(9), or 1×10(10) viral particles [vp]) delivered into the rat brain parenchyma. We assessed neuropathology, biodistribution, transgene expression, systemic toxicity, and behavioral impact at acute and chronic time points. The results indicate that doses up to 1×10(9) vp of HC-Ad-TK/TetOn-Flt3L can be safely delivered into the normal rat brain and underpin further developments for its implementation in a phase I clinical trial for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Puntel
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, MSRB II, RM 4570C, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5689, USA
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50
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Simonato M, Bennett J, Boulis NM, Castro MG, Fink DJ, Goins WF, Gray SJ, Lowenstein PR, Vandenberghe LH, Wilson TJ, Wolfe JH, Glorioso JC. Progress in gene therapy for neurological disorders. Nat Rev Neurol 2013; 9:277-91. [PMID: 23609618 PMCID: PMC3908892 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2013.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diseases of the nervous system have devastating effects and are widely distributed among the population, being especially prevalent in the elderly. These diseases are often caused by inherited genetic mutations that result in abnormal nervous system development, neurodegeneration, or impaired neuronal function. Other causes of neurological diseases include genetic and epigenetic changes induced by environmental insults, injury, disease-related events or inflammatory processes. Standard medical and surgical practice has not proved effective in curing or treating these diseases, and appropriate pharmaceuticals do not exist or are insufficient to slow disease progression. Gene therapy is emerging as a powerful approach with potential to treat and even cure some of the most common diseases of the nervous system. Gene therapy for neurological diseases has been made possible through progress in understanding the underlying disease mechanisms, particularly those involving sensory neurons, and also by improvement of gene vector design, therapeutic gene selection, and methods of delivery. Progress in the field has renewed our optimism for gene therapy as a treatment modality that can be used by neurologists, ophthalmologists and neurosurgeons. In this Review, we describe the promising gene therapy strategies that have the potential to treat patients with neurological diseases and discuss prospects for future development of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Simonato
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. michele.simonato@ unife.it
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