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Khizer Z, Akram MR, Sarfraz RM, Nirwan JS, Farhaj S, Yousaf M, Hussain T, Lou S, Timmins P, Conway BR, Ghori MU. Plasticiser-Free 3D Printed Hydrophilic Matrices: Quantitative 3D Surface Texture, Mechanical, Swelling, Erosion, Drug Release and Pharmacokinetic Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1095. [PMID: 31261678 PMCID: PMC6680934 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, HPMC, a hydrophilic polymer, is widely used for the development of extended release hydrophilic matrices and it is also considered as a good contender for the fabrication of 3D printing of matrix tablets. It is often combined with plasticisers to enable extrusion. The aim of the current project was to develop plasticizer-free 3D printed hydrophilic matrices using drug loaded filaments prepared via HME to achieve an in vitro (swelling, erosion and drug release) and in vivo (drug absorption) performance which is analogous to hydrophilic matrix tablets developed through conventional approaches. Additionally, the morphology of the printed tablets was studied using quantitative 3D surface texture studies and the porosity calculated. Filaments were produced successfully and used to produce matrix tablets with acceptable drug loading (95-105%), mechanical and surface texture properties regardless of the employed HPMC grade. The viscosity of HPMC had a discernible impact on the swelling, erosion, HPMC dissolution, drug release and pharmacokinetic findings. The highest viscosity grade (K100M) results in higher degree of swelling, decreased HPMC dissolution, low matrix erosion, decreased drug release and extended drug absorption profile. Overall, this study demonstrated that the drug loaded (glipizide) filaments and matrix tablets of medium to high viscosity grades of HPMC, without the aid of plasticisers, can be successfully prepared. Furthermore, the in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed the successful fabrication of extended release matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Khizer
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Muhammad R Akram
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Rai M Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Jorabar Singh Nirwan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Samia Farhaj
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Maria Yousaf
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Tariq Hussain
- System Engineering Department, Military Technological College, Muscat 111, Oman
- The Wolfson Centre for Bulk Solid Handling Technology, University of Greenwich, London SE10 9LS, UK
| | - Shan Lou
- School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Peter Timmins
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Barbara R Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghori
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
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Chablani L, Tawde SA, Akalkotkar A, D'Souza MJ. Evaluation of a Particulate Breast Cancer Vaccine Delivered via Skin. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 21:12. [PMID: 30604321 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer impacts female population globally and is the second most common cancer for females. With various limitations and adverse effects of current therapies, several immunotherapies are being explored. Development of an effective breast cancer vaccine can be a groundbreaking immunotherapeutic approach. Such approaches are being evaluated by several clinical trials currently. On similar lines, our research study aims to evaluate a particulate breast cancer vaccine delivered via skin. This particulate breast cancer vaccine was prepared by spray drying technique and utilized murine breast cancer whole cell lysate as a source of tumor-associated antigens. The average size of the particulate vaccine was 1.5 μm, which resembled the pathogenic species, thereby assisting in phagocytosis and antigen presentation leading to further activation of the immune response. The particulate vaccine was delivered via skin using commercially available metal microneedles. Methylene blue staining and confocal microscopy were used to visualize the microchannels. The results showed that microneedles created aqueous conduits of 50 ± 10 μm to deliver the microparticulate vaccine to the skin layers. Further, an in vivo comparison of immune response depicted significantly higher concentration of serum IgG, IgG2a, and B and T cell (CD4+ and CD8+) populations in the vaccinated animals than the control animals (p < 0.001). Upon challenge with live murine breast cancer cells, the vaccinated animals showed five times more tumor suppression than the control animals confirming the immune response activation and protection (p < 0.001). This research paves a way for individualized immunotherapy following surgical tumor removal to prolong relapse episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipika Chablani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wegmans School of Pharmacy, St. John Fisher College, 3690 East Ave., Rochester, New York, 14618, USA.
| | - Suprita A Tawde
- Research and Development, Nexus Pharmaceuticals, Vernon Hills, Illinois, 60061, USA
| | | | - Martin J D'Souza
- Vaccine Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Mercer University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30341, USA
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Ahad A, Al-Saleh AA, Akhtar N, Al-Mohizea AM, Al-Jenoobi FI. Transdermal delivery of antidiabetic drugs: formulation and delivery strategies. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:1217-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
CONTEXT Ever since the discovery of cyclodextrins, a family of cyclic oligosaccharides based on α (1 → 4) linkage among glucopyranose subunits, these versatile supramolecular hosts have received tremendous attention for scientific explorations. Due to their property of forming host-guest type inclusion complex, cyclodextrins and their synthetic derivatives exhibit wide range of utilities in different areas viz. pharmaceuticals, drug delivery systems, cosmetics, food and nutrition, textile and chemical industry etc. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to highlight properties, advantages, recent studies and versatile benefits of cyclodextrins and to re-strengthen their prospective applications in novel directions for future research. METHODS This article summarizes a variety of applications of cyclodextrins in various industrial products, technologies, analytical and chemical processes and recent industrial advancements by extensively literature search on various scientific databases, Google and websites of various associated pharmaceutical industries and patenting authorities across the world. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Due to possibility of multidimensional changes in physical and chemical properties of molecules upon inclusion complexation in cyclodextrins, these compounds are of great commercial interest and may offer solution to many of the scientific problems of the current world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- a Department of Quality Assurance , I.S.F. College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab , India
| | - Ashish Baldi
- a Department of Quality Assurance , I.S.F. College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab , India
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Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for quantification of glipizide in biological macromolecules. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 65:65-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Doh HJ, Jung Y, Balakrishnan P, Cho HJ, Kim DD. A novel lipid nanoemulsion system for improved permeation of granisetron. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 101:475-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ibrahim SA, Li SK. Chemical enhancer solubility in human stratum corneum lipids and enhancer mechanism of action on stratum corneum lipid domain. Int J Pharm 2009; 383:89-98. [PMID: 19747970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously, chemical enhancer-induced permeation enhancement on human stratum corneum (SC) lipoidal pathway at enhancer thermodynamic activities approaching unity in the absence of cosolvents (defined as Emax) was determined and hypothesized to be related to the enhancer solubilities in the SC lipid domain. The objectives of the present study were to (a) quantify enhancer uptake into SC lipid domain at saturation, (b) elucidate enhancer mechanism(s) of action, and (c) study the SC lipid phase behavior at Emax. It was concluded that direct quantification of enhancer uptake into SC lipid domain using intact SC was complicated. Therefore a liposomal model of extracted human SC lipids was used. In the liposome study, enhancer uptake into extracted human SC lipid liposomes (EHSCLL) was shown to correlate with Emax. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to evaluate lipid phase alterations in enhancer-treated intact SC. IR spectra demonstrated an increase in the lipid domain fluidity and DSC thermograms indicated a decrease in the phase transition temperature with increasing Emax. These results suggest that the enhancer mechanism of action is through enhancer intercalation into SC intercellular lipids and subsequent lipid lamellae fluidization related to enhancer lipid concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Ibrahim
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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Tan Z, Zhang J, Wu J, Fang L, He Z. The enhancing effect of ion-pairing on the skin permeation of glipizide. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:967-76. [PMID: 19636711 PMCID: PMC2802175 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-009-9283-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the permeation of glipizide (GP) and observe the effect of an interaction with amines as counter ions, including diethylamine, triethylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-(2-hydroxylethyl) piperidine. Permeation experiments were performed in vitro, using rat abdominal skin as a barrier. The lipophilic donor system consisting of isopropyl myristate (IPM) and ethanol (EtOH; EI system, 8:2) produced a marked enhancement of GP flux through rat skin. All the amines investigated in this study had performed an enhancing effect on GP flux, and triethylamine had the most potent enhancing effect on GP in the vehicle IPM:EtOH = 8:2(w/w). In the presence of counter ions, the solubility of GP in the donor solution (IPM:EtOH = 8:2) was increased and the log K (o/w) of GP was decreased, which may due to higher solubility of the GP in the IPM:EtOH = 8:2(w/w). (13)C NMR spectroscopy was used to identify the ion-pairing formation between GP and the respective counter ion. It was surprising that all the four enhancers examined, such as isopropyl myristate, propylene glycol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, azone, and oleic acid, had no enhancing effect on the percutaneous permeation of GP. This study showed that the formation of ion-pairs between GP and counter ions is a useful method to promote the skin permeation of GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016 China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016 China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016 China
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016 China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016 China
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Evidence for dopamine involvement in ambulation promoted by menthone in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2008; 91:315-20. [PMID: 18718482 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2007] [Revised: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the mechanism that underlies the ability of menthone (MTN), a constituent of peppermint oil, to promote mouse ambulation. Since bupropion (BUP), a dopamine (DA) uptake inhibitor, promotes mouse ambulation, the effect of MTN combined with BUP on ambulation was investigated. The results showed that BUP with MTN produced an additive interaction on mouse ambulation. The effects of DA antagonists chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol, SCH12679 and spiperone on the ability of MTN to promote ambulation were then examined. All of these antagonists attenuated the effects of MTN. Prior exposure to the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, which inhibits catecholamines synthesis, decreased subsequent sensitivity to the effect of MTN. These results suggest that DA is involved in the ability of MTN to promote ambulation in mice.
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Wienforth F, Landrock A, Schindler C, Siegert J, Kirch W. Smart textiles: a new drug delivery system for symptomatic treatment of a common cold. J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 47:653-9. [PMID: 17442689 DOI: 10.1177/0091270007299927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Smart textiles provide the possibility of being coated with cineole, menthol, and camphor. Due to over-the-counter availability, ethereal oils are frequently used to treat a common cold. The existing pharmaceutical forms entail the risk of oral ingestion by children, which can cause severe intoxications. This risk could be limited by a smart textile application. Prior to applicability tests in children, the principal traceability of smart textile-applied ethereal oils at their site of action in the alveoli has to be demonstrated. Therefore, a crossover trial (ointment vs smart textiles) with 6 healthy volunteers was carried out as a proof-of-concept study. As a result, the principle proof is given that smart textile-applied ethereal oils are available at their site of action. Because of the volatility of the active ingredients, a close-fitting textile form has to be developed for further clinical development of smart textiles to achieve higher concentrations in the alveoli. Slower liberation properties and a more convenient skin sensation in comparison to available pharmaceutical forms may provide advantages for the applicability in both children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wienforth
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Technical University Dresden, Fiedlerstr. 27, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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Ammar HO, Ghorab M, El-Nahhas SA, Kamel R. Design of a transdermal delivery system for aspirin as an antithrombotic drug. Int J Pharm 2006; 327:81-8. [PMID: 16949225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2006] [Revised: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 07/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin has become the gold standard to which newer antiplatelet drugs are compared for reducing risks of cardiovascular diseases, while keeping low cost. Oral aspirin has a repertoire of gastrointestinal side effects even at low doses and requires high frequent dosing because it undergoes extensive presystemic metabolism. Transdermal delivery offers an alternative route that bypasses the gut and may be more convenient and safer for aspirin delivery especially during long-term use. This study comprised formulation of aspirin in different topical bases. Release studies revealed that hydrocarbon gel allowed highest drug release. In vitro permeation studies revealed high drug permeation from hydrocarbon gel. Several chemical penetration enhancers were monitored for augmenting the permeation from this base. Combination of propylene glycol and alcohol showed maximum enhancing effect and, hence, was selected for biological investigation. The biological performance of the selected formulation was assessed by measuring the inhibition of platelet aggregation relevant to different dosage regimens aiming to minimize both drug dose and frequency of application. The results demonstrated the feasibility of successfully influencing platelet function and revealed that the drug therapeutic efficacy in transdermal delivery system is dose independent. Biological performance was re-assessed after storage and the results revealed stability and persistent therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H O Ammar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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