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Piekarz J, Picheta N, Burdan O, Kurek M, Chrościńska-Krawczyk M. Phytotherapy in Alzheimer's Disease-A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1812. [PMID: 39200276 PMCID: PMC11351709 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects 50-70% of patients with dementia, making it the leading cause of dementia. The condition is classified as a neurodegenerative, progressive and incurable disease. The disease is affecting more and more people around the world. AD has a multifactorial nature, spreading from beta-amyloid deposition to inflammation in patients' brains. Patients experience cognitive impairment and functional decline. Although it is a disease that occurs mainly in the elderly, it is increasingly being diagnosed in young people between the ages of 30 and 40. It not only affects the patient themself but also reduces the quality of life of their closest caregivers. According to the WHO, the treatment of AD consumes USD 1.3 trillion globally, but it is only symptomatic, as there are no drugs to prevent the onset of AD or treat the cause of its onset. Due to the numerous side effects of therapy and the lack of proactive drugs that act on the pathomechanism of AD, alternative therapies are being sought. One possible option that has many studies confirming its effect is phytotherapy. Many herbs have pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or neuroprotective effects, making them the future of cognitive disorders and AD treatment. This review focuses on some of the most promising herbs that have potentially potent properties and effects in AD therapy. These include Curcuma longa, Panax ginseng, Berberis and Crocus sativus. These herbs may perhaps be key in the future to make functioning and life easier for patients struggling with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Piekarz
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Medical University, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (N.P.); (O.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Natalia Picheta
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Medical University, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (N.P.); (O.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Oliwia Burdan
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Medical University, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (N.P.); (O.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Marcelina Kurek
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Medical University, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (N.P.); (O.B.); (M.K.)
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Reza ASMA, Raihan R, Azam S, Shahanewz M, Nasrin MS, Siddique MAB, Uddin MN, Dey AK, Sadik MG, Alam AK. Experimental and pharmacoinformatic approaches unveil the neuropharmacological and analgesic potential of chloroform fraction of Roktoshirinchi (Achyranthes ferruginea Roxb.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117769. [PMID: 38219886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Achyranthes ferruginea (A. ferruginea) Roxb. is a common plant used in traditional medicine in Asia and Africa. It has a variety of local names, including "Gulmanci" in Nigeria, "Dangar" in Pakistan, "Thola" in Ethiopia, and "Roktoshirinchi" in Bangladesh. It is edible and has several ethnomedical uses for a wide range of illnesses, including hysteria, dropsy, constipation, piles, boils, asthma, and shigellosis. However, the neuropharmacological and analgesic potential of A. ferruginea remains uninvestigated. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the neuropharmacological and analgesic potential of A. ferruginea through a multifaceted approach encompassing both experimental and computational models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methanol was used to extract the leaves of A. ferruginea. It was then fractionated with low to high polar solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water) to get different fractions, including chloroform fraction (CLF). The study selected CLF at different doses and conducted advanced chemical element and proximate analyses, as well as phytochemical profiling using GC-MS. Toxicological studies were done at 300 μg per rat per day for 14 days. Cholinesterase inhibitory potential was checked using an in-vitro colorimetric assay. Acetic acid-induced writhing (AAWT) and formalin-induced licking tests (FILT) were used to assess anti-nociceptive effects. The forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), elevated plus maze (EPM), hole board test (HBT), and light and dark box test (LDB) were among the behavioral tests used to assess depression and anxiolytic activity. Network pharmacology-based analysis was performed on selected compounds using the search tool for interacting chemicals-5 (STITCH 5), Swiss target prediction tool, and search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes and proteins (STRING) database to link their role with genes involved in neurological disorders through gene ontology and reactome analysis. RESULTS Qualitative chemical element analysis revealed the presence of 15 elements, including Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, and Zn. The moisture content, ash value, and organic matter were found to be 11.12, 11.03, and 88.97%, respectively. GC-MS data revealed that the CLF possesses 25 phytoconstituents. Toxicological studies suggested the CLF has no effects on normal growth, hematological and biochemical parameters, or cellular organs after 14 days at 300 μg per rat. The CLF markedly reduced the activity of both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50: 56.22 and 13.22 μg/mL, respectively). Promising dose-dependent analgesic activity (p < 0.05) was observed in chemically-induced pain models. The TST and FST showed a dose-dependent substantial reduction in immobility time due to the CLF. Treatment with CLF notably increased the number of open arm entries and time spent in the EPM test at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. The CLF showed significant anxiolytic activity at 200 mg/kg b.w. in the HBT test, whereas a similar activity was observed at 400 mg/kg b.w. in the EPM test. A notable increase in the amount of time spent in the light compartment was observed in the LDB test by mice treated with CLF, suggesting an anxiolytic effect. A network pharmacology study demonstrated the relationship between the phytochemicals and a number of targets, such as PPARA, PPARG, CHRM1, and HTR2, which are connected to the shown bioactivities. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the safety of A. ferruginea and its efficacy in attenuating cholinesterase inhibitory activity, central and peripheral pain, anxiety, and depression, warranting further exploration of its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S M Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Riaj Raihan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Saidul Azam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammed Shahanewz
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Mst Samima Nasrin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Nazim Uddin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Anik Kumar Dey
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Golam Sadik
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Ahm Khurshid Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
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Khayatan D, Razavi SM, Arab ZN, Khanahmadi M, Samanian A, Momtaz S, Sukhorukov VN, Jamialahmadi T, Abdolghaffari AH, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. Protective Effects of Plant-Derived Compounds Against Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04030-w. [PMID: 38427213 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation in the nervous system is one of the key features of many neurodegenerative diseases. It is increasingly being identified as a critical pathophysiological primitive mechanism associated with chronic neurodegenerative diseases following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Phytochemicals have a wide range of clinical properties due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Currently, there are few drugs available for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases other than symptomatic relief. Numerous studies have shown that plant-derived compounds, in particular polyphenols, protect against various neurodegenerative diseases and are safe for consumption. Polyphenols exert protective effects on TBI via restoration of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), and Nod-like receptor family proteins (NLRPs) pathways. In addition, these phytochemicals and their derivatives upregulate the phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways, which have critical functions in modulating TBI symptoms. There is supporting evidence that medicinal plants and phytochemicals are protective in different TBI models, though future clinical trials are needed to clarify the precise mechanisms and functions of different polyphenolic compounds in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Khayatan
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehrad Razavi
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Najafi Arab
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khanahmadi
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Samanian
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya Street 4-1-207, Moscow, 121609, Russia
- Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Nakhaee S, Kooshki A, Hormozi A, Akbari A, Mehrpour O, Farrokhfall K. Cinnamon and cognitive function: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:132-146. [PMID: 36652384 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2166436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamon is the inner bark of trees named Cinnamomum. Studies have shown that cinnamon and its bioactive compounds can influence brain function and affect behavioral characteristics. This study aimed to systematically review studies about the relationship between cinnamon and its key components in memory and learning. Two thousand six hundred five studies were collected from different databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) in September 2021 and went under investigation for eligibility. As a result, 40 studies met our criteria and were included in this systematic review. Among the included studies, 33 were In vivo studies, five were In vitro, and two clinical studies were also accomplished. The main outcome of most studies (n = 40) proved that cinnamon significantly improves cognitive function (memory and learning). In vivo studies showed that using cinnamon or its components, such as eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, and cinnamic acid, could positively alter cognitive function. In vitro studies also showed that adding cinnamon or cinnamaldehyde to a cell medium can reduce tau aggregation, Amyloid β and increase cell viability. For clinical studies, one study showed positive effects, and another reported no changes in cognitive function. Most studies reported that cinnamon might be useful for preventing and reducing cognitive function impairment. It can be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of related diseases. However, more studies need to be done on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Alireza Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ali Hormozi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Aref Akbari
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Data Science Institute, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Khadijeh Farrokhfall
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Shankar BA, Vaishali, Yadav MK, Kumar M, Burman V. Differential gene expression analysis under salinity stress in the selected turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cultivars for curcuminoid biosynthesis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9745-9753. [PMID: 37658929 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcuminoids are the phenolic compounds found exclusively in turmeric. Their presence is known to increase immunity and resistance against certain cancers and neurological disorders in humans also, protecting the plant itself against salinity stress. METHODS In this experiment, we studied the expression levels of MAPK1 and DCS genes, their curcuminoid biosynthesis under salinity stress conditions so that the impact of individual genes can be understood using semi- quantitative PCR. RESULTS The expressions of the genes with respect to curcuminoid biosynthesis showed fluctuations in their band intensity values due to the production of curcuminoids, which is initiated first in the leaves followed by the rhizomes. Not all the genes responsible for the curcuminoid biosynthesis show positive regulation under salt stress conditions which is observed in response to the severity of the stress imposed on the cultivars. CONCLUSIONS In our findings, both the genes MAPK1 and DCS were down-regulated for curcuminoid biosynthesis compared to their controls in both the cultivars Vallabh Sharad and Selection 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandi Arpitha Shankar
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Vaishali
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M K Yadav
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vishakha Burman
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shahmoradi N, Davarinejad O, Brühl AB, Brand S. Effects of Aphrodite (an Herbal Compound) on SSRI-Induced Sexual Dysfunctions and Depression in Females with Major Depressive Disorder: Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1663. [PMID: 37763782 PMCID: PMC10538161 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Almost by default, people with major depression disorder (MDD) also report sexual health issues. This holds even more true when sexual dysfunctions are SSRI-induced. Herbal compounds may have the power to counterbalance such sexual dysfunctions, though research is still scarce. Therefore, we assessed females with diagnosed MDD treated with a standard SSRI (sertraline) and reporting SSRI-induced sexual dysfunctions, and we asked whether compared to placebo, Aphrodite (a blend of ginger, saffron, cinnamon, thistle, and Tribulus terrestris) may favorably impact on sexual dysfunctions, and on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances. Materials and Methods: A total of 41 females (mean age: 35.05 years) with diagnosed MDD, treated with sertraline (a standard SSRI) at therapeutic dosages, and reporting SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction, were randomly assigned either to Aphrodite or to the placebo condition. At baseline and four and eight weeks later (study end), participants completed a series of self-rating questionnaires covering symptoms of sexual dysfunction, depression, anxiety, and sleep complaints. Results: Symptoms of sexual dysfunction, depression, and anxiety decreased over time, but more so in the Aphrodite condition, compared to the placebo condition (significant p-values and large effect sizes). Over time, sleep disturbances decreased irrespective of the study condition. Conclusions: The pattern of results suggests that compared to placebo, Aphrodite appeared to improve symptoms of sexual dysfunction, depression, and anxiety among females with diagnosed MDD and SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction. Further and similar studies should investigate the underlying psychophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Shahmoradi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6714673159, Iran; (O.D.); (A.B.B.)
| | - Omran Davarinejad
- Department of Psychiatry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6714673159, Iran; (O.D.); (A.B.B.)
| | - Annette Beatrix Brühl
- Department of Psychiatry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6714673159, Iran; (O.D.); (A.B.B.)
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Brand
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6714673159, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 1417466191, Iran
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6714673159, Iran
- Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
- Center for Disaster Psychiatry and Disaster Psychology, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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Safari S, Davoodi P, Soltani A, Fadavipour M, Rezaeian A, Heydari F, Khazeei Tabari MA, Akhlaghdoust M. Curcumin effects on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1145. [PMID: 36890804 PMCID: PMC9987200 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease of the lungs known as the third reason for death worldwide. Frequent COPD exacerbations compel health care workers to apply interventions that are not adverse effect free. Accordingly, adding or replacing Curcumin, a natural meal flavoring, may indicate advantages in this era by its antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. Methods The PRISMA checklist was employed for the systematic review study. On June 3, 2022, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies associated with COPD and Curcumin in the last 10 years. Duplicate or non-English publications and articles with irrelevant titles and abstracts were excluded. Also, preprints, reviews, short communications, editorials, letters to the editor, comments, conference abstracts, and conference papers were not included. Results Overall, 4288 publications were found eligible, after the screening, 9 articles were finally included. Among them, one, four, and four in vitro, in vivo, and both in vivo and in vitro research exist respectively. According to the investigations, Curcumin can inhibit alveolar epithelial thickness and proliferation, lessen the inflammatory response, remodel the airway, produce ROS, alleviate airway inflammation, hinder emphysema and prevent ischemic complications. Conclusion Consequently, the findings of the current review demonstrate that Curcumin's modulatory effects on oxidative stress, cell viability, and gene expression could be helpful in COPD management. However, for data confirmation, further randomized clinical trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Safari
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,USERN Office, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Poorya Davoodi
- USERN Office, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine University of Padua Padua Italy
| | - Afsaneh Soltani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,USERN Office Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Fadavipour
- USERN Office Abadan University of Medical Sciences Abadan Iran.,Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine Abadan University of Medical Sciences Abadan Iran
| | - AhmadReza Rezaeian
- USERN Office Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,Urology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Fateme Heydari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,USERN Office Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari
- Student Research Committee Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran.,USERN Office Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Meisam Akhlaghdoust
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,USERN Office, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Lee S, Ryu SM, Kim DH, Lee YE, Lee SJ, Kang S, Kim JS, Lee SI. Neuroprotective effect of Geijigadaehwang-tang against trimethyltin-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration: An in vitro and in vivo study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115451. [PMID: 35724744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Patients with dementia are diagnosed with deficiency patterns and interior patterns in traditional Chinese medicine due to decreased physical strength, mental atrophy including cognitive function, and decreased motor function in the gastrointestinal tract. Since "greater yin symptom" in Shanghanlun has been interpreted as interior, deficiency, and cold pattern in traditional Chinese medicine, it is necessary to determine whether Geijigadaehwang-tang (GDT) has therapeutic effects on neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying mechanism if it has such effects. AIMS OF THE STUDY Trimethyltin (TMT), a neurotoxic organotin compound, has been used to induce several neurodegenerative diseases, including epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of GDT for TMT-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration and seizures and to determine the mechanisms involved at the molecular level. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main components of GDT were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography. TMT was used to induce neurotoxicity in microglial BV-2 cells and C57BL6 mice. GDT was administered at various doses to determine its neuroprotective and seizure inhibition effects. The inhibitory effects of GDT on TMT-induced apoptosis, inflammatory pathways, and oxidative stress pathways were determined in the mouse hippocampal tissues. RESULTS GDT contained emodin, chrysophanol, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, 6-gingerol, and liquiritin apioside. In microglial BV-2 cells treated with TMT, GDT showed dose-dependent neuroprotective effects. Oral administration of GDT five times for 2.5 days before and after TMT injection inhibited seizures at doses of 180 and 540 mg/kg and inhibited neuronal death in the hippocampus. In hippocampal tissues extracted from mice, GDT inhibited the protein expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1, glial fibrillary acidic protein, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3, and phosphorylated nuclear factor (NF)-κB/total-NFκB ratio. Additionally, GDT inhibited the messenger RNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain, caspase-1, interleukin-1β, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2, and heme oxygenase-1. CONCLUSION This study's results imply that GDT might have neuroprotective potential in neurodegenerative diseases through neuronal death inhibition and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sueun Lee
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111, Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Mok Ryu
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111, Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do-Hyun Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, 120-9, Dongsindae-gil, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ye Eun Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, 120-9, Dongsindae-gil, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Jun Lee
- Jung-In Korean Medical Clinic, 5-10, Apgujeong-ro 46-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06018, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sohi Kang
- Departments of Veterinary Anatomy and BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joong Sun Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Anatomy and BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soong-In Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, 120-9, Dongsindae-gil, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea.
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D’Alessandro C, Benedetti A, Di Paolo A, Giannese D, Cupisti A. Interactions between Food and Drugs, and Nutritional Status in Renal Patients: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14010212. [PMID: 35011087 PMCID: PMC8747252 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs and food interact mutually: drugs may affect the nutritional status of the body, acting on senses, appetite, resting energy expenditure, and food intake; conversely, food or one of its components may affect bioavailability and half-life, circulating plasma concentrations of drugs resulting in an increased risk of toxicity and its adverse effects, or therapeutic failure. Therefore, the knowledge of these possible interactions is fundamental for the implementation of a nutritional treatment in the presence of a pharmacological therapy. This is the case of chronic kidney disease (CKD), for which the medication burden could be a problem, and nutritional therapy plays an important role in the patient’s treatment. The aim of this paper was to review the interactions that take place between drugs and foods that can potentially be used in renal patients, and the changes in nutritional status induced by drugs. A proper definition of the amount of food/nutrient intake, an adequate definition of the timing of meal consumption, and a proper adjustment of the drug dosing schedule may avoid these interactions, safeguarding the quality of life of the patients and guaranteeing the effectiveness of drug therapy. Hence, a close collaboration between the nephrologist, the renal dietitian, and the patient is crucial. Dietitians should consider that food may interact with drugs and that drugs may affect nutritional status, in order to provide the patient with proper dietary suggestions, and to allow the maximum effectiveness and safety of drug therapy, while preserving/correcting the nutritional status.
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