1
|
Xu HH, Yang L, Tang MX, Ye AP, Tu BD, Jiang ZH, Yi JF. From cis-Lobeline to trans-Lobeline: Study on the Pharmacodynamics and Isomerization Factors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196253. [PMID: 36234790 PMCID: PMC9573392 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lobeline is an alkaloid derived from the leaves of an Indian tobacco plant (Lobelia inflata), which has been prepared by chemical synthesis. It is classified as a partial nicotinic agonist and has a long history of therapeutic usage ranging from emetic and respiratory stimulant to tobacco smoking cessation agent. The presence of both cis and trans isomers in lobeline is well known, and many studies on the relationship between the structure and pharmacological activity of lobeline and its analogs have been reported. However, it is a remarkable fact that no studies have reported the differences in pharmacological activities between the two isomers. In this article, we found that different degrees of isomerization of lobeline injection have significant differences in respiratory excitatory effects in pentobarbital sodium anesthetized rats. Compared with cis-lobeline injections, the respiratory excitatory effect was significantly reduced by 50.2% after administration of injections which contained 36.9% trans-lobeline. The study on the influencing factors of isomerization between two isomers shown that this isomerization was a one-way isomerism and only converted from cis to trans, where temperature was the catalytic factor and pH was the key factor. This study reports a new discovery. Despite the widespread use of ventilators, first-aid medicines such as nikethamide and lobeline has retired to second line, but as a nonselective antagonist with high affinity for a4b2 and a3b2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). In recent years, lobeline has shown great promise as a therapeutic drug for mental addiction and nervous system disorders, such as depression, Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. Therefore, we suggest that the differences between two isomers should be concerned in subsequent research papers and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Liang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ming-Xia Tang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - An-Ping Ye
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Bo-Dan Tu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zhen-Hong Jiang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jian-Feng Yi
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lohoff FW, Carr GV, Brookshire B, Ferraro TN, Lucki I. Deletion of the vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (vmat1/slc18a1) gene affects dopamine signaling. Brain Res 2019; 1712:151-157. [PMID: 30685272 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The vesicular monoamine transporter is involved in presynaptic catecholamine storage and neurotransmission. Two isoforms of the transporter exist, VMAT1 and VMAT2, and both are expressed in the brain, though VMAT2 expression is more robust and has been more widely studied. In this study we investigated the role of VMAT1 KO on markers of dopaminergic function and neurotransmission, and dopamine-related behaviors. Null-mutant VMAT1 mice were studied behaviorally using the tail suspension test, elevated zero maze and locomotor activity assessments. Tissue monoamines were measured both ex vivo and by using in vivo microdialysis. Protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and D2 dopamine receptors was measured using western blot analysis. Results show that VMAT1 KO mice have decreased dopamine levels in the frontal cortex, increased postsynaptic D2 expression, and lower frontal cortex tyrosine hydroxylase expression compared to WT mice. VMAT1 KO mice also show an exaggerated behavioral locomotor response to acute amphetamine treatment. We conclude that dopaminergic signaling is robustly altered in the frontal cortex of VMAT1 null-mutant mice and suggest that VMAT1 may be relevant to the pathogenesis and/or treatment of psychiatric illnesses including schizophrenia and bipolar disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Falk W Lohoff
- Section on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Gregory V Carr
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bethany Brookshire
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Translational Research Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas N Ferraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Irwin Lucki
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Harriott ND, Williams JP, Smith EB, Bozigian HP, Grigoriadis DE. VMAT2 Inhibitors and the Path to Ingrezza (Valbenazine). PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 57:87-111. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmch.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
|
4
|
Nickell JR, Culver JP, Janganati V, Zheng G, Dwoskin LP, Crooks PA. 1,4-Diphenalkylpiperidines: A new scaffold for the design of potent inhibitors of the vesicular monoamine transporter-2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2997-3000. [PMID: 27212067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,4-diphenalkylpiperidine analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their affinity and inhibitory potency at the [(3)H]dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ) binding site and [(3)H]dopamine (DA) uptake site on the vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT2). Results revealed that translocation of the phenethyl side chains of lobelane from C2 and C6 to C1 and C4 around the central piperidine ring slightly reduces affinity and inhibitory potency at VMAT2 with respect to lobelane. However, methoxy and fluoro-substitution of either phenyl ring of these 1,4-diphenethyl analogs afforded VMAT2 inhibition comparable or higher (5-fold) affinity at the DTBZ binding and DA uptake sites relative to lobelane, whereas replacement of the 4-phenethyl moiety in these analogs with a 4-phenmethyl moiety markedly reduced affinity for the DTBZ binding and DA uptake sites by 3- and 5-fold, respectively. Among the twenty five 1,4-diphenethylpiperidine analogs evaluated, compounds containing a 4-(2-methoxyphenethyl) moiety exhibited the most potent inhibition of DTBZ binding and vesicular DA uptake. From this subgroup, analogs 8h, 8j and 8m exhibited Ki values of 9.3nM, 13nM and 13nM, respectively, for inhibition of [(3)H]DA uptake by VMAT2, and represent some of the most potent inhibitors of VMAT2 function reported thus far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Nickell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - John P Culver
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Venumadhav Janganati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Linda P Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Peter A Crooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Joolakanti SR, Nickell JR, Janganati V, Zheng G, Dwoskin LP, Crooks PA. Lobelane analogues containing 4-hydroxy and 4-(2-fluoroethoxy) aromatic substituents: Potent and selective inhibitors of [(3)H]dopamine uptake at the vesicular monoamine transporter-2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2422-2427. [PMID: 27080180 PMCID: PMC4977194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of lobelane and GZ-793A analogues that incorporate aromatic 4-hydroxy and 4-(2-fluoroethoxy) substituents were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of [(3)H]dopamine (DA) uptake at the vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT2) and the dopamine transporter (DAT), and [(3)H]serotonin uptake at the serotonin transporter (SERT). Most of these compounds exhibited potent inhibition of DA uptake at VMAT2 in the nanomolar range (Ki=30-70nM). The two most potent analogues, 7 and 14, both exhibited a Ki value of 31nM for inhibition of VMAT2. The lobelane analogue 14, incorporating 4-(2-fluoroethoxy) and 4-hydroxy aromatic substituents, exhibited 96- and 335-fold greater selectivity for VMAT2 versus DAT and SERT, respectively, in comparison to lobelane. Thus, lobelane analogues bearing hydroxyl and fluoroethoxy moieties retain the high affinity for VMAT2 of the parent compound, while enhancing selectivity for VMAT2 versus the plasmalemma transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamsunder R Joolakanti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Justin R Nickell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Venumadhav Janganati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Linda P Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Peter A Crooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Peter A Crooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Torres B, Ruoho AE. N-terminus regulation of VMAT2 mediates methamphetamine-stimulated efflux. Neuroscience 2013; 259:194-202. [PMID: 24321511 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The 20 amino acid (AA) N-terminus of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) was examined as a regulator of VMAT2 function. Removal of the first 16 or 19 AAs of the N-terminus resulted in a molecule with reduced ability to sequester [(3)H]-5HT. A glutathione-S-transferase-construct of the N-terminus underwent phosphorylation in the presence of PKC at serines 15 and 18. These putative phosphorylation sites were examined for effects on function. Phospho-mimetic substitution of serines 15 and 18 with aspartate in the full-length VMAT2 resulted in reduced [(3)H]-5HT sequestration and reduced methamphetamine (METH)-stimulated efflux of preloaded [(3)H]-5HT. In contrast, mutation of serines 15 and 18 to alanines maintained intact net substrate sequestration but eliminated METH-stimulated efflux of pre-accumulated [(3)H]-5HT. In summary, these data suggest a model in which the VMAT2 N-terminus regulates monoamine sequestration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Torres
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Department of Neuroscience, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - A E Ruoho
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Department of Neuroscience, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Modeling in vitro inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase using molecular docking, multi-linear regression and artificial neural network approaches. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 22:538-49. [PMID: 24290065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has been an important protein used for development of anti-cocaine medication. Through computational design, BChE mutants with ∼2000-fold improved catalytic efficiency against cocaine have been discovered in our lab. To study drug-enzyme interaction it is important to build mathematical model to predict molecular inhibitory activity against BChE. This report presents a neural network (NN) QSAR study, compared with multi-linear regression (MLR) and molecular docking, on a set of 93 small molecules that act as inhibitors of BChE by use of the inhibitory activities (pIC₅₀ values) of the molecules as target values. The statistical results for the linear model built from docking generated energy descriptors were: r(2)=0.67, rmsd=0.87, q(2)=0.65 and loormsd=0.90; the statistical results for the ligand-based MLR model were: r(2)=0.89, rmsd=0.51, q(2)=0.85 and loormsd=0.58; the statistical results for the ligand-based NN model were the best: r(2)=0.95, rmsd=0.33, q(2)=0.90 and loormsd=0.48, demonstrating that the NN is powerful in analysis of a set of complicated data. As BChE is also an established drug target to develop new treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The developed QSAR models provide tools for rationalizing identification of potential BChE inhibitors or selection of compounds for synthesis in the discovery of novel effective inhibitors of BChE in the future.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zheng G, Horton DB, Penthala NR, Nickell JR, Culver JP, Deaciuc AG, Dwoskin LP, Crooks PA. Exploring the effect of N-substitution in nor-lobelane on the interaction with VMAT2: discovery of a potential clinical candidate for treatment of methamphetamine abuse. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013; 4:564-568. [PMID: 23527317 DOI: 10.1039/c3md20374c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-substituted lobelane analogues was synthesized and evaluated for their [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding affinity at the vesicular monoamine transporter and for their inhibition of vesicular [3H]dopamine uptake. Compound 19a, which contains an N-1,2(R)-dihydroxypropyl group, had been identified as a potential clinical candidate for the treatment of methamphetamine abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Horton DB, Siripurapu KB, Zheng G, Crooks PA, Dwoskin LP. Novel N-1,2-dihydroxypropyl analogs of lobelane inhibit vesicular monoamine transporter-2 function and methamphetamine-evoked dopamine release. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 339:286-97. [PMID: 21778282 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.184770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lobelane, a chemically defunctionalized saturated analog of lobeline, has increased selectivity for the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) compared with the parent compound. Lobelane inhibits methamphetamine-evoked dopamine (DA) release and decreases methamphetamine self-administration. Unfortunately, tolerance develops to the ability of lobelane to decrease these behavioral effects of methamphetamine. Lobelane has low water solubility, which is problematic for drug development. The aim of the current study was to determine the pharmacological effect of replacement of the N-methyl moiety with a chiral N-1,2-dihydroxypropyl (N-1,2-diol) moiety, which enhances water solubility, altering the configuration of the N-1,2-diol moiety and incorporating phenyl ring substituents into the analogs. To determine VMAT2 selectivity, structure-activity relationships also were generated for inhibition of DA and serotonin transporters. Analogs with the highest potency for inhibiting DA uptake at VMAT2 and at least 10-fold selectivity were evaluated further for ability to inhibit methamphetamine-evoked DA release from superfused striatal slices. (R)-3-[2,6-cis-di(4-methoxyphenethyl)piperidin-1-yl]propane-1,2-diol (GZ-793A), the (R)-4-methoxyphenyl-N-1,2-diol analog, and (R)-3-[2,6-cis-di(1-naphthylethyl)piperidin-1-yl]propane-1,2-diol (GZ-794A), the (R)-1-naphthyl-N-1,2-diol analog, exhibited the highest potency (K(i) ∼30 nM) inhibiting VMAT2, and both analogs inhibited methamphetamine-evoked endogenous DA release (IC(50) = 10.6 and 0.4 μM, respectively). Thus, the pharmacophore for VMAT2 inhibition accommodates the N-1,2-diol moiety, which improves drug-likeness and enhances the potential for the development of these clinical candidates as treatments for methamphetamine abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David B Horton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0082, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|