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Zhang Z, Huang X, Du X, Wang Z, Wang Y, Xu M, Chen X, Yao Q, Yan L, Zhang Y. Plasma C18:0-ceramide is a novel potential biomarker for disease severity in myasthenia gravis. J Neurochem 2023; 165:907-919. [PMID: 37158660 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an antibody-mediated autoimmune disorder characterized by fluctuation of fatigue and weakness of muscle. Due to the heterogeneity of the course of MG, available biomarkers for prognostic prediction are urgently needed. Ceramide (Cer) was reported to participate in immune regulation and many autoimmune diseases, but its effects on MG remain undefined. This study aimed to investigate the ceramides expression levels in MG patients and their potential as novel biomarkers of disease severity. Levels of plasma ceramides were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Severity of disease was assessed by quantitative MG scores (QMGs), MG-specific activities of daily living scale (MG-ADLs) and 15-item MG quality of Life (MG-QOL15). The concentrations of serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-21 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the proportions of circulating memory B cells and plasmablasts were detected by flow-cytometry assay. Four plasma ceramides levels we studied were detected higher in MG patients. And three of them (C16:0-Cer, C18:0-Cer, and C24:0-Cer) were positively associated with QMGs. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis suggested that plasma ceramides have a good ability of differentiating MG from HCs. Importantly, only C18:0-Cer was shown to be positively associated with the concentration of serum IL and circulating memory B cells, and the decrease in plasma C18:0-Cer paralleled the clinical improvement of patients with MG. All together, our data suggest that ceramides may play an important role in the immunopathological mechanism of MG, and C18:0-Cer has the potential to be a novel biomarker for disease severity in MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Du
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhouyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingming Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Yao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lisha Yan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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2
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Kawabata K, Sato Y, Kubo T, Tokumura A, Nishi H, Morimoto K. Phospholipid analysis of two influenza A virus-infected cell lines differing in their viral replication kinetics. Arch Virol 2023; 168:132. [PMID: 37027089 PMCID: PMC10080527 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluctuations in phospholipid composition in infected cells during influenza A virus replication were analyzed using two different susceptible host cell lines: H292 cells, exhibiting a rapid cytopathic effect, and A549 cells, exhibiting a retarded cytopathic effect. Microarray analysis demonstrated that A549 cells recognized influenza A virus invasion, expression of pathogen recognition genes was affected, and antiviral genes were activated. On the other hand, H292 cells did not display such an antiviral state, and in these cells, rapid virus amplification and a rapid cytopathic effect were observed. Levels of ceramide, diacylglycerol, and lysolipids were higher in virus-infected cells than in the corresponding mock-infected cells at the later stages of infection. The accumulation of these lipids in IAV-infected cells occurred together with viral replication. The relationship between the characteristic features of ceramide, diacylglycerol, and lysolipid in the plasma membrane, where enveloped viruses are released, and their role in viral envelope formation are discussed. Our results indicate that viral replication disturbs cellular lipid metabolism, with consequences for viral replication kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kawabata
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1, Yasuhigashi, Asaminamiku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Sato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1, Yasuhigashi, Asaminamiku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Takanori Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1, Yasuhigashi, Asaminamiku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Akira Tokumura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1, Yasuhigashi, Asaminamiku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1, Yasuhigashi, Asaminamiku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Kinjiro Morimoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1, Yasuhigashi, Asaminamiku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan.
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3
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Manti S, Parisi GF, Papale M, Mulè E, Aloisio D, Rotolo N, Leonardi S. Cystic Fibrosis: Fighting Together Against Coronavirus Infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:307. [PMID: 32582746 PMCID: PMC7295902 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Manti
- Pediatric Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fabio Parisi
- Pediatric Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Papale
- Pediatric Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Enza Mulè
- Pediatric Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Donatella Aloisio
- Pediatric Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Novella Rotolo
- Pediatric Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Leonardi
- Pediatric Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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4
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Metabonomic analysis of plasma biochemical changes in pyrexia rats after treatment with Gegenqinlian decoction, aspirin and itraconazole by UHPLC-FT-ICR-MS. J Pharm Anal 2019; 10:581-587. [PMID: 33425452 PMCID: PMC7775848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A metabonomic approach involving an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (UHPLC-FT-ICR-MS) was used to investigate the changes in the endogenous metabolites in the plasma of rats with yeast-induced pyrexia treated with Gegenqinlian decoction (GQLD), aspirin and itraconazole. The differences in the small molecule profiles of treatment using traditional Chinese medicine, etiological treatment and symptomatic treatment were elucidated. Thirty-six plasma metabolites were identified or putatively identified, and the effects of the three medicines on the thirty-six metabolites were studied. Their metabolic pathways indicated that GQLD, aspirin and itraconazole ameliorated the rats with yeast-induced pyrexia predominantly by regulating the metabolisms of phospholipid, sphingolipid, fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid amides, amino acid and glycerolipid in vivo. The pharmacodynamics and metabonomic results showed that the three medicines exhibited the therapeutic effects on pyrexia by regulating the perturbations of multiple metabolisms. The study provided a scientific basis for an in-depth understanding of the therapeutic effects of GQLD, aspirin and itraconazole on rats with yeast-induced pyrexia. A UHPLC-FT-ICR-MS metabonomic approach was developed to study the anti-pyrexia effect of GQLD, aspirin and itraconazole. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment, etiological treatment and symptomatic treatment were used for anti-pyrexia. The effects of the three medicines on the thirty-six plasma metabolites were revealed. The study provided a scientific basis for understanding the therapeutic effects of the three medicines on pyrexia rats.
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5
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Ceramide Suppresses Influenza A Virus Replication In Vitro. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00053-19. [PMID: 30700605 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00053-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Annual influenza outbreaks are associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide despite the availability of seasonal vaccines. Influenza pathogenesis depends on the manipulation of host cell signaling to promote virus replication. Ceramide is a sphingosine-derived lipid that regulates diverse cellular processes. Studies highlighted the differential role of ceramide de novo biosynthesis on the propagation of various viruses. Whether ceramide plays, a role in influenza virus replication is not known. In this study, we assessed the potential interplay between the influenza A (IAV) and ceramide biosynthesis pathways. The accumulation of ceramide in human lung epithelial cells infected with influenza A/H1N1 virus strains was evaluated using thin-layer chromatography and/or confocal microscopy. Virus replication was assessed upon the regulation of the de novo ceramide biosynthesis pathway. A significant increase in ceramide accumulation was observed in cells infected with IAV in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Inoculating the cells with UV-inactivated IAV did not result in ceramide accumulation in the cells, suggesting that the induction of ceramide required an active virus replication. Inhibiting de novo ceramide significantly decreased ceramide accumulation and enhanced virus replication. The addition of exogenous C6-ceramide prior to infection mediated an increase in cellular ceramide levels and significantly attenuated IAV replication and reduced viral titers (≈1 log10 PFU/ml unit). Therefore, our data demonstrate that ceramide accumulation through de novo biosynthesis pathway plays a protective and antiviral role against IAV infection. These findings propose new avenues for development of antiviral molecules and strategies.IMPORTANCE Understanding the effect of sphingolipid metabolism on viral pathogenesis provide important insights into the development of therapeutic strategies against microbial infections. In this study, we demonstrate a critical role of ceramide during influenza A virus infection. We demonstrate that ceramide produced through de novo biosynthesis possess an antiviral role. These observations unlock new opportunities for the development of novel antiviral therapies against influenza.
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6
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Lucas SK, Yang R, Dunitz JM, Boyer HC, Hunter RC. 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals site-specific signatures of the upper and lower airways of cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros 2018; 17:204-212. [PMID: 28826586 PMCID: PMC5817045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis of upper airway microbiota may have significant implications in the development of chronic lung disease. Here, we compare bacterial communities of matched sinus and lung mucus samples from cystic fibrosis (CF) subjects undergoing endoscopic surgery for treatment of chronic sinusitis. METHODS Mucus from one maxillary sinus and expectorated sputum were collected from twelve patients. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was then performed on sample pairs to compare the structure and function of CF airway microbiota. RESULTS Bacterial diversity was comparable between airway sites, though sinuses harbored a higher prevalence of dominant microorganisms. Ordination analyses revealed that samples clustered more consistently by airway niche rather than by individual. Finally, predicted metagenomes suggested that anaerobiosis was enriched in the lung. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that while the lung may be seeded by individual sinus pathogens, airway microenvironments harbor distinct bacterial communities that should be considered in selecting antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Lucas
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Minnesota, USA.
| | - Robert Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, USA.
| | - Jordan M Dunitz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA.
| | - Holly C Boyer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, USA.
| | - Ryan C Hunter
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Minnesota, USA.
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7
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Oertel S, Scholich K, Weigert A, Thomas D, Schmetzer J, Trautmann S, Wegner MS, Radeke HH, Filmann N, Brüne B, Geisslinger G, Tegeder I, Grösch S. Ceramide synthase 2 deficiency aggravates AOM-DSS-induced colitis in mice: role of colon barrier integrity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3039-3055. [PMID: 28405720 PMCID: PMC11107765 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Loss of intestinal barrier functions is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease like ulcerative colitis. The molecular mechanisms are not well understood, but likely involve dysregulation of membrane composition, fluidity, and permeability, which are all essentially regulated by sphingolipids, including ceramides of different chain length and saturation. Here, we used a loss-of-function model (CerS2+/+ and CerS2-/- mice) to investigate the impact of ceramide synthase 2, a key enzyme in the generation of very long-chain ceramides, in the dextran sodium salt (DSS) evoked model of UC. CerS2-/- mice developed more severe disease than CerS2+/+ mice in acute DSS and chronic AOM/DSS colitis. Deletion of CerS2 strongly reduced very long-chain ceramides (Cer24:0, 24:1) but concomitantly increased long-chain ceramides and sphinganine in plasma and colon tissue. In naive CerS2-/- mice, the expression of tight junction proteins including ZO-1 was almost completely lost in the colon epithelium, leading to increased membrane permeability. This could also be observed in vitro in CerS2 depleted Caco-2 cells. The increase in membrane permeability in CerS2-/- mice did not manifest with apparent clinical symptoms in naive mice, but with slight inflammatory signs such as an increase in monocytes and IL-10. AOM/DSS and DSS treatment alone led to a further deterioration of membrane integrity and to severe clinical symptoms of the disease. This was associated with stronger upregulation of cytokines in CerS2-/- mice and increased infiltration of the colon wall by immune cells, particularly monocytes, CD4+ and Th17+ T-cells, and an increase in tumor burden. In conclusion, CerS2 is crucial for the maintenance of colon barrier function and epithelial integrity. CerS2 knockdown, and associated changes in several sphingolipids such as a drop in very long-chain ceramides/(dh)-ceramides, an increase in long-chain ceramides/(dh)-ceramides, and sphinganine in the colon, may weaken endogenous defense against the endogenous microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Oertel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Scholich
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I-Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Schmetzer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Trautmann
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heinfried H Radeke
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Natalie Filmann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modeling Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I-Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Irmgard Tegeder
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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8
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Sofi MH, Heinrichs J, Dany M, Nguyen H, Dai M, Bastian D, Schutt S, Wu Y, Daenthanasanmak A, Gencer S, Zivkovic A, Szulc Z, Stark H, Liu C, Chang YJ, Ogretmen B, Yu XZ. Ceramide synthesis regulates T cell activity and GVHD development. JCI Insight 2017; 2:91701. [PMID: 28515365 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.91701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is an effective immunotherapy for a variety of hematologic malignances, yet its efficacy is impeded by the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). GVHD is characterized by activation, expansion, cytokine production, and migration of alloreactive donor T cells. Hence, strategies to limit GVHD are highly desirable. Ceramides are known to contribute to inflammation and autoimmunity. However, their involvement in T-cell responses to alloantigens is undefined. In the current study, we specifically characterized the role of ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6) after allo-HCT using genetic and pharmacologic approaches. We found that CerS6 was required for optimal T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production in response to alloantigen and for subsequent induction of GVHD. However, CerS6 was partially dispensable for the T cell-mediated antileukemia effect. At the molecular level, CerS6 was required for efficient TCR signal transduction, including tyrosine phosphorylation, ZAP-70 activation, and PKCθ/TCR colocalization. Impaired generation of C16-ceramide was responsible for diminished allogeneic T cell responses. Furthermore, targeting CerS6 using a specific inhibitor significantly reduced T cell activation in mouse and human T cells in vitro. Our study provides a rationale for targeting CerS6 to control GVHD, which would enhance the efficacy of allo-HCT as an immunotherapy for hematologic malignancies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammed Dany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hung Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and
| | | | | | - Yongxia Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and
| | | | - Salih Gencer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Aleksandra Zivkovic
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Zdzislaw Szulc
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ying-Jun Chang
- Peking University People's Hospital and Institute of Hematology, Beijing, China
| | - Besim Ogretmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Espaillat MP, Kew RR, Obeid LM. Sphingolipids in neutrophil function and inflammatory responses: Mechanisms and implications for intestinal immunity and inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Adv Biol Regul 2016; 63:140-155. [PMID: 27866974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive sphingolipids are regulators of immune cell function and play critical roles in inflammatory conditions including ulcerative colitis. As one of the major forms of inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis pathophysiology is characterized by an aberrant intestinal inflammatory response that persists causing chronic inflammation and tissue injury. Innate immune cells play an integral role in normal intestinal homeostasis but their dysregulation is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. In particular, neutrophils are key effector cells and are first line defenders against invading pathogens. While the activity of neutrophils in the intestinal mucosa is required for homeostasis, regulatory mechanisms are equally important to prevent unnecessary activation. In ulcerative colitis, unregulated neutrophil inflammatory mechanisms promote tissue injury and loss of homeostasis. Aberrant neutrophil function represents an early checkpoint in the detrimental cycle of chronic intestinal inflammation; thus, dissecting the mechanisms by which these cells are regulated both before and during disease is essential for understanding the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. We present an analysis of the role of sphingolipids in the regulation of neutrophil function and the implication of this relationship in ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mel Pilar Espaillat
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Richard R Kew
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA.
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10
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Li YL, Lin ML, He SQ, Jin JF. Sphingolipid metabolism affects the anticancer effect of cisplatin. World J Transl Med 2016; 5:37-45. [DOI: 10.5528/wjtm.v5.i1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, a DNA crosslinking agent, is widely used for the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. Numerous studies have demonstrated that sphingolipid metabolism, which acts as a target for cisplatin treatment, is a highly complex network that consists of sphingolipid signaling molecules and related catalytic enzymes. Ceramide (Cer), which is the central molecule of this network, has been established to induce apoptosis. However, another molecule, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), exerts the opposite function, i.e., serves as a regulator of pro-survival. Other sphingolipid molecules, including dihydroceramide, ceramide-1-phosphate, glucosylceramide (GluCer), and sphingosine (Sph), or sphingolipid catalytic enzymes such as Sph kinase (SphK), Cer synthase (CerS), and S1P lyase, have also attracted considerable attention, particularly Cer, GluCer, SphK, CerS, and S1P lyase, which have been implicated in cisplatin resistance. This review summarizes specific molecules involved in sphingolipid metabolism and related catalytic enzymes affecting the anticancer effect of cisplatin, particularly in relation to induction of apoptosis and drug resistance.
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11
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Itokazu Y, Pagano RE, Schroeder AS, O'Grady SM, Limper AH, Marks DL. Reduced GM1 ganglioside in CFTR-deficient human airway cells results in decreased β1-integrin signaling and delayed wound repair. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 306:C819-30. [PMID: 24500283 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00168.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function reduces chloride secretion and increases sodium uptake, but it is not clear why CFTR mutation also results in progressive lung inflammation and infection. We previously demonstrated that CFTR-silenced airway cells migrate more slowly during wound repair than CFTR-expressing controls. In addition, CFTR-deficient cells and mouse models have been reported to have altered sphingolipid levels. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that reduced migration in CFTR-deficient airway epithelial cells results from altered sphingolipid composition. We used cell lines derived from a human airway epithelial cell line (Calu-3) stably transfected with CFTR short hairpin RNA (CFTR-silenced) or nontargeting short hairpin RNA (controls). Cell migration was measured by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). Lipid analyses, addition of exogenous glycosphingolipids, and immunoblotting were performed. We found that levels of the glycosphingolipid, GM1 ganglioside, were ~60% lower in CFTR-silenced cells than in controls. CFTR-silenced cells exhibited reduced levels of activated β1-integrin, phosphorylated tyrosine 576 of focal adhesion kinase (pFAK), and phosphorylation of Crk-associated substrate (pCAS). Addition of GM1 (but not GM3) ganglioside to CFTR-silenced cells restored activated β1-integrin, pFAK, and pCAS to near control levels and partially restored (~40%) cell migration. Our results suggest that decreased GM1 in CFTR-silenced cells depresses β1-integrin signaling, which contributes to the delayed wound repair observed in these cells. These findings have implications for the pathology of cystic fibrosis, where altered sphingolipid levels in airway epithelial cells could result in a diminished capacity for wound repair after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Itokazu
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota
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12
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Chen H, Chan AY, Stone DU, Mandal NA. Beyond the cherry-red spot: Ocular manifestations of sphingolipid-mediated neurodegenerative and inflammatory disorders. Surv Ophthalmol 2013; 59:64-76. [PMID: 24011710 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a ubiquitous membrane lipid present in every cell and found most abundantly in neural tissues. Disorders such as Tay-Sachs or Niemann-Pick disease are the most familiar examples of dysfunction in sphingolipid metabolism and are typically associated with neurodegeneration and ocular findings such as blindness. More recently, the role of bioactive sphingolipids has been established in a multitude of cellular events, including cell survival, growth, senescence and apoptosis, inflammation, and neovascularization. We discuss our current knowledge and understanding of sphingolipid metabolism and signaling in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Annie Y Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Donald U Stone
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Nawajes A Mandal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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Assi E, Cazzato D, De Palma C, Perrotta C, Clementi E, Cervia D. Sphingolipids and brain resident macrophages in neuroinflammation: an emerging aspect of nervous system pathology. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:309302. [PMID: 24078816 PMCID: PMC3775448 DOI: 10.1155/2013/309302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolism is deeply regulated along the differentiation and development of the central nervous system (CNS), and the expression of a peculiar spatially and temporarily regulated sphingolipid pattern is essential for the maintenance of the functional integrity of the nervous system. Microglia are resident macrophages of the CNS involved in general maintenance of neural environment. Modulations in microglia phenotypes may contribute to pathogenic forms of inflammation. Since defects in macrophage/microglia activity contribute to neurodegenerative diseases, it will be essential to systematically identify the components of the microglial cell response that contribute to disease progression. In such complex processes, the sphingolipid systems have recently emerged to play important roles, thus appearing as a key new player in CNS disorders. This review provides a rationale for harnessing the sphingolipid metabolic pathway as a potential target against neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Assi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Denise Cazzato
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Perrotta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Clementi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- E. Medea Scientific Institute, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Davide Cervia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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Kowluru A, Klumpp S, Krieglstein J. Protein histidine [de]phosphorylation in insulin secretion: abnormalities in models of impaired insulin secretion. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 384:383-90. [PMID: 21626002 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-011-0616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the majority of cell types, including the islet β-cell, transduction of extracellular signals involves ligand binding to a receptor, often followed by the activation G proteins and their effector modules. The islet β-cell is unusual in that glucose lacks an extracellular receptor. Instead, events consequent to glucose metabolism promote insulin secretion via the generation of diffusible second messengers and mobilization of calcium. A selective increase in intracellular calcium has been shown to regulate the phosphorylation status key islet proteins thereby facilitating insulin secretion. In addition to classical protein kinases [e.g., protein kinases A and C], recent studies from our laboratory have focused on the expression and function of various forms of NDPK/nm23-like histidine kinases in clonal β-cells, normal rodent, and human islets. Further, we recently reported localization of a cytosolic protein histidine phosphatase [PHP] in INS 832/13 cells, normal rat islets, and human islets. siRNA-mediated knock down of nm23-H1 and PHP in insulin-secreting INS 832/13 cells significantly attenuated glucose-induced insulin secretion. We also observed significant alterations in the expression and function of nm23-H1/PHP in β-cells chronically exposed to elevated levels of glucose and saturated fatty acids, such as palmitate (i.e., glucolipotoxicity). Similar changes were also noted in islets from the Goto-Kakizaki and Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats, two known models for type 2 diabetes. It is concluded that protein histidine phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycles play novel regulatory roles in G protein-mediated physiological insulin secretion and that abnormalities in this signaling axis lead to impaired insulin secretion in glucolipotoxicity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaneyulu Kowluru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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