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Esposito CM, Ceresa A, Buoli M. The Association Between Personality Traits and Dietary Choices: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1149-1159. [PMID: 33427288 PMCID: PMC8321831 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows how diet may play a role in improving health including mental health. Of note, personality may influence the type of diet and consequently the prognosis of medical and psychiatric conditions. The purpose of the present systematic review is to summarize the available data regarding the influence of personality on dietary habits affecting health outcomes. A search in the main databases was conducted matching the terms "personality," "personality traits" with "food choices," "food preferences," "diet," and "dietary habits." A total of 1856 articles were screened, and 24 articles were finally included. Exclusion criteria consisted of studies on animals or children, studies about eating disorders, types of diet not clearly associated with health outcomes, and studies for marketing reasons. Several studies showed that personality traits can influence both dietary choices and the type of diet, including the preference for healthy or unhealthy food. Unfavorable personality traits such as neuroticism and alexithymia (the inability to identify and describe emotions) were associated with unhealthy diet habits such as low consumption of fruit and vegetables, and the increased consumption of sugar and saturated fats. Personality seems to play a role in food selection and in the propensity to change diet. The interpretation of these results should be weighted by the different cultural contexts in which the studies were conducted and the extreme heterogeneity of tools used to assess personality and food preferences. Future research should clarify how personality can affect diet in specific populations such as patients with severe psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Ceresa
- Department of Pathophisiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Buoli
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
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Hirokawa K, Kimura T, Ikehara S, Honjo K, Ueda K, Sato T, Iso H. Associations Between Broader Autism Phenotype and Dietary Intake: A Cross-Sectional Study (Japan Environment & Children's Study). J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 50:2698-2709. [PMID: 31997059 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate associations of dietary intake including vitamin D, folate, and n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in pregnant women with broad autism phenotype (BAP). The Japan Environment and Children's Study is a government-funded birth cohort study. All complete data of 92,011 were analyzed. The Japanese version of the Autism Spectrum Quotient was used to assess mothers' BAP level, and a food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate their dietary intake. Mothers with BAP consumed less vegetables, fruits, and fish and shellfish, and they consumed lower folate, vitamin C, vitamin D, and n-3 PUFA than their counterparts. Dietary intervention should be considered for pregnant women with high BAP scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Hirokawa
- Department of Nursing, Baika Women's University, 2-19-5 Shukunosho, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-8578, Japan. .,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoyo Ikehara
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaori Honjo
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Social and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kimiko Ueda
- Osaka Maternal and Child Health Information Center, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuyo Sato
- Osaka Maternal and Child Health Information Center, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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