1
|
Beheshti M, Rabiei N, Taghizadieh M, Eskandari P, Mollazadeh S, Dadgostar E, Hamblin MR, Salmaninejad A, Emadi R, Mohammadi AH, Mirazei H. Correlations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in obsessive-compulsive disorder with the clinical features or response to therapy. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 157:223-238. [PMID: 36508934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder, in which the patient endures intrusive thoughts or is compelled to perform repetitive or ritualized actions. Many cases of OCD are considered to be familial or heritable in nature. It has been shown that a variety of internal and external risk factors are involved in the pathogenesis of OCD. Among the internal factors, genetic modifications play a critical role in the pathophysiological process. Despite many investigations performed to determine the candidate genes, the precise genetic factors involved in the disease remain largely undetermined. The present review summarizes the single nucleotide polymorphisms that have been proposed to be associated with OCD symptoms, early onset disease, neuroimaging results, and response to therapy. This information could help us to draw connections between genetics and OCD symptoms, better characterize OCD in individual patients, understand OCD prognosis, and design more targeted personalized treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Beheshti
- Pathophysiology Laboratory, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikta Rabiei
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Center for Women's Health Research Zahra, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pariya Eskandari
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ehsan Dadgostar
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi Disciplinary Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Raziye Emadi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Mohammadi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirazei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fabricius RA, Sørensen CB, Skov L, Debes NM. Cytokine profile of pediatric patients with obsessive-compulsive and/or movement disorder symptoms: A review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:893815. [PMID: 36061386 PMCID: PMC9437446 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.893815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are an important modulator of the immune system and have been found to be altered significantly in many neurological and psychiatric disorders, like obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and movement disorders. Also, in pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with group A streptococcal infections (PANDAS), which are characterized by abrupt debut of symptoms of OCD and /or movement disorder symptoms, alterations in the immune system have been suggested. The aim of this paper was to review the current literature on the cytokine profile of pediatric patients with symptoms of OCD and/or movement disorder symptoms. A search of PubMed and Medline was performed with specific keywords to review studies measuring cytokines in pediatric patients with symptoms of OCD and/or movement disorders. Nineteen studies were found, twelve of which included a healthy control group, while four studies had control groups of children with other disorders, primarily neurological or psychiatric. One study compared cytokines measurements to reference intervals, and two studies had a longitudinal design. Many cytokines were found to have significant changes in patients with symptoms of OCD and/or movement disorders compared to both healthy controls and other control groups. Furthermore, differences were found when comparing cytokines in periods of exacerbation with periods of remission of symptoms in study participants. The cytokines that most studies with healthy control groups found to be significantly altered were TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-17. Although the exact role of these cytokines in OCD and movement disorder symptoms remains unclear, the available literature suggests a proinflammatory cytokine profile. This offers interesting perspectives on the pathogenesis of OCD and/or movement disorder symptoms in children, and further research into the implications of cytokines in neuropsychiatric disorders is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Alison Fabricius
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Liselotte Skov
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Nanette Mol Debes
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lamothe H, Baleyte JM, Smith P, Pelissolo A, Mallet L. Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients. Brain Sci 2018; 8:E149. [PMID: 30096863 PMCID: PMC6119917 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8080149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obsessive⁻compulsive disorder (OCD) affects about 2% of the general population, for which several etiological factors were identified. Important among these is immunological dysfunction. This review aims to show how immunology can inform specific etiological factors, and how distinguishing between these etiologies is important from a personalized treatment perspective. We found discrepancies concerning cytokines, raising the hypothesis of specific immunological etiological factors. Antibody studies support the existence of a potential autoimmune etiological factor. Infections may also provoke OCD symptoms, and therefore, could be considered as specific etiological factors with specific immunological impairments. Finally, we underline the importance of distinguishing between different etiological factors since some specific treatments already exist in the context of immunological factors for the improvement of classic treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Lamothe
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France.
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France.
- Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Créteil, France.
| | - Jean-Marc Baleyte
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France.
- Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Créteil, France.
| | - Pauline Smith
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Antoine Pelissolo
- Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Créteil, France.
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France.
- INSERM, U955, Team 15, 94000 Créteil, France.
| | - Luc Mallet
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France.
- Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Créteil, France.
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France.
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|