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Liao Y, Brothers RM, Brown KK, Lee RE. A biobehavioral observational study to understand the multilevel determinants of cardiovascular health in Black women: the BLOOM Study protocol. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:391. [PMID: 38970037 PMCID: PMC11225161 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The racial/ethnic and gender disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality in the United States are evident. Across nearly every metric, non-Hispanic Black women have poorer overall cardiovascular health. Emerging evidence shows a disproportionately high burden of increased CVD risk factors in Black women of childbearing age, which has a far-reaching impact on both maternal and child outcomes, resulting in premature onset of CVD and further widens the racial disparities in CVD. There is growing recognition that the fundamental driver of persistent racial/ethnic disparities in CVD, as well as disparities in behavioral risk factors such as physical activity and sleep, is structural racism. Further, the lived personal experience of racial discrimination not only has a negative impact on health behaviors, but also links to various physiological pathways to CVD risks, such as internalized stress resulting in a pro-inflammatory state. Limited research, however, has examined the interaction between daily experience and health behaviors, which are influenced by upstream social determinants of health, and the downstream effect on biological/physiological indicators of cardiovascular health in non-pregnant Black women of childbearing age. METHODS/DESIGN The BLOOM Study is an observational study that combines real-time ambulatory assessments over a 10-day monitoring period with in-depth cross-sectional lab-based physiological and biological assessments. We will use a wrist-worn actigraphy device to capture 24-h movement behaviors and electronic ecological momentary assessment to capture perceived discrimination, microaggression, and stress. Blood pressure will be captured continuously through a wristband. Saliva samples will be self-collected to assess cortisol level as a biomarker of psychological stress. Lab assessments include a fasting venous blood sample, and assessment of various indices of peripheral and cerebral vascular function/health. Participants' address or primary residence will be used to obtain neighborhood-level built environmental and social environmental characteristics. We plan to enroll 80 healthy Black women who are between 18 and 49 years old for this study. DISCUSSION Results from this study will inform the development of multilevel (i.e., individual, interpersonal, and social-environmental levels) lifestyle interventions tailored to Black women based on their lived experiences with the goal of reducing CVD risk. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT06150989.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liao
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
| | - R Matthew Brothers
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kyrah K Brown
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca E Lee
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Cooper Z, Rodriguez WA, Hardwick J, Arena R, Laddu DR. Cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity in the lens of social justice - Reporting on the disparities that exist. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 83:92-96. [PMID: 38417768 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), heavily influenced by physical activity (PA), represents a strong and independent risk factor for a wide range of health conditions, most notably, cardiovascular disease. Substantial disparities in CRF have been identified between white and non-white populations. These disparities may partly account for group differences in susceptibility to poor health outcomes, including non-communicable disease. Race and ethnic differences in CRF may partly be explained by social injustices rooted in persistent structural and systemic racism. These forces contribute to environments that are unsupportive for opportunities to achieve optimal CRF levels. This review aims to examine, through the lens of social justice, the inequities in key social ecological factors, including socioeconomic status, the built environment, and structural racism, that underly the systemic differences in CRF and PA in vulnerable communities. Further, this review highlights current public health initiatives, as well as opportunities in future research, to address inequities and enhance CRF through the promotion of regular PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zach Cooper
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Wendy Avila Rodriguez
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Joel Hardwick
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deepika R Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Kalinowski J, Idiong C, Blackman-Carr L, Cooksey Stowers K, Davis S, Pan C, Chhabra A, Eaton L, Gans KM, Alexander JE, Pagoto S. Leveraging the Black Girls Run Web-Based Community as a Supportive Community for Physical Activity Engagement: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e43825. [PMID: 37676722 PMCID: PMC10514768 DOI: 10.2196/43825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 59%-73% of Black women do not meet the recommended targets for physical activity (PA). PA is a key modifiable lifestyle factor that can help mitigate risk for chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension that disproportionately affect Black women. Web-based communities focused on PA have been emerging in recent years as web-based gathering spaces to provide support for PA in specific populations. One example is Black Girls Run (BGR), which is devoted to promoting PA in Black women. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe the content shared on the BGR public Facebook page to provide insight into how web-based communities engage Black women in PA and inform the development of web-based PA interventions for Black women. METHODS Using Facebook Crowdtangle, we collected posts (n=397) and associated engagement data from the BGR public Facebook page for the 6-month period between June 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. We pooled data in Dedoose to analyze the qualitative data and conducted a content analysis of qualitative data. We quantified types of posts, post engagement, and compared post types on engagement: "like," "love," "haha," "wow," "care," "sad," "angry," "comments," and "shares." RESULTS The content analysis revealed 8 categories of posts: shout-outs to members for achievements (n=122, 31%), goals or motivational (n=65, 16%), announcements (n=63, 16%), sponsored or ads (n=54, 14%), health related (n=47, 11%), the lived Black experience (n=23, 6%), self-care (n=15, 4%), and holidays or greetings (n=8, 2%). The 397 posts attracted a total of 55,354 engagements (reactions, comments, and shares). Associations between the number of engagement and post categories were analyzed using generalized linear models. Shout-out posts (n=22,268) elicited the highest average of total user engagement of 181.7 (SD 116.7), followed by goals or motivational posts (n=11,490) with an average total engagement of 160.1 (SD 125.2) and announcements (n=7962) having an average total engagement of 129.9 (SD 170.7). Significant statistical differences were found among the total engagement of posts (χ72=80.99, P<.001), "like" (χ72=119.37, P<.001), "love" (χ72=63.995, P<.001), "wow" (χ72=23.73, P<.001), "care" (χ72=35.06, P<.001), "comments" (χ72=80.55, P<.001), and "shares" (χ72=71.28, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The majority of content on the BGR Facebook page (n=250, 63%) was focused on celebrating member achievements, motivating members to get active, and announcing and promoting active events. These types of posts attracted 75% of total post engagement. BGR appears to be a rich web-based community that offers social support for PA as well as culturally relevant health and social justice content. Web-based communities may be uniquely positioned to engage minoritized populations in health behavior. Further research should explore how and if web-based communities such as BGR can be interwoven into health interventions and health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolaade Kalinowski
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Christie Idiong
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Loneke Blackman-Carr
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | | | - Shardé Davis
- Department of Communication, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Cindy Pan
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Alisha Chhabra
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Lisa Eaton
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Kim M Gans
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | | | - Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Buro AW, Carson TL, Small BJ, Fan W, Oswald LB, Jim HSL, Salas E, Zambrano K, Bryant C, Yamoah K, Gwede CK, Park JY, Gonzalez BD. Sociocultural factors associated with physical activity in Black prostate cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:482. [PMID: 37479918 PMCID: PMC10388711 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer disproportionately affects Black men. Physical activity protects long-term health and quality of life outcomes in prostate cancer survivors. This study aimed to identify sociocultural factors related to physical activity among Black prostate cancer survivors to inform culturally tailored intervention development. METHODS This secondary analysis included data from 257 men who identified as Black or African American and were diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2013 and 2018. Participants completed validated self-report measures of perceived history of racial discrimination, religiosity, fatalism, sociodemographic (e.g., age, ethnicity, income) and clinical characteristics (e.g., years since diagnosis, comorbidity burden), and leisure-time physical activity. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between sociocultural factors and mild, moderate, and vigorous physical activity. RESULTS Participants were on average 68.7 years old (SD = 7.7), and most were non-Hispanic (97.3%), married (68.9%), reported an annual household income above $50,000 (57.1%), received at least some college education (74.1%), and were overweight or had obesity (78.5%). Participants reported on average 88.1 (SD = 208.6) min of weekly mild physical activity, and most did not meet guidelines for weekly moderate (80.5%) or vigorous (73.0%) physical activity. After adjusting for covariates, older age and greater religiosity were associated with mild physical activity (ps ≤ 0.05). Higher levels of fatalism were associated with lower odds of meeting guidelines for moderate physical activity (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.77-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Sociocultural factors such as religiosity and fatalism may be associated with some forms of physical activity in Black prostate cancer survivors. These findings suggest that incorporating faith-based practices into health behavior interventions may be appropriate for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acadia W Buro
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA.
- College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Tiffany L Carson
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Brent J Small
- School of Aging Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Wenyi Fan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Laura B Oswald
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Heather S L Jim
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Endrina Salas
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kellie Zambrano
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Crystal Bryant
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kosj Yamoah
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Clement K Gwede
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Brian D Gonzalez
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, MFC-EDU, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, USA
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Kim K, Xu W, Hong SJ, Starkweather A, Brown RF, Walsh S. Perceived discrimination and physical activity mediate the associations between receiving a survivorship care plan and cancer pain. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 78:102155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang Y. Every Day Matters: Using Daily Methods to Understand Oppression and BIPOC Youth Development in Context. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2022; 32:666-672. [PMID: 35488445 PMCID: PMC9320933 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing use of daily methods (e.g., daily diaries, experience sampling method) by research investigating the roles of oppression, racism, and discrimination on Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) youth adjustment. This commentary discusses several promising directions in which daily methods can help (1) understand adolescents' oppression-related experiences in everyday life, (2) investigate the immediate and long-term implications of these experiences, and (3) explore the role of protective processes and broader contexts. Moving forward, daily methods can be more broadly integrated into other methodologies (e.g., longitudinal designs, qualitative/mixed methods), providing unique insights into how systems of oppression become relevant in BIPOC adolescents' everyday life and informing practices to improve their adjustment on a daily basis and over the long term.
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Holder RL, Winter MA, Greenlee J, Robinson A, Dempster KW, Everhart RS. Racial Regard and Physical Health Among Low-Income Black Caregivers of Children With and Without Asthma. JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/00957984211059696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between child health, parent racial regard, and parent physical health in 87 African American and Black parents/caregivers of children with and without asthma from a low-income, under-resourced urban area. Participants completed the Private and Public Regard subscales of the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity (MIBI) and 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Parents of children with asthma reported having poorer physical health, while those with higher public and private racial regard reported better physical health. The association between public regard and physical health was surpassed by an interaction of child asthma status and public regard: as public regard decreased, so did physical health, but only for parents raising a child with asthma. Findings suggest that the stresses associated with raising a child with chronic illness and perceiving lower public racial regard may together confer additional risk for poor physical health in African American and Black parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Holder
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Marcia A. Winter
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jessica Greenlee
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Akea Robinson
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Robin S. Everhart
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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