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Ota Y, Asada Y, Mieno M, Matsuyama Y. Competencies required to make use of Information Science and Technology among Japanese medical students: a cross-sectional study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:840. [PMID: 39107733 PMCID: PMC11302297 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Competency in the use of information science and technology (IST) is essential for medical students. This study identified learning objectives and competencies that correspond with low self-assessment related to use of IST and factors that improve such self-assessment among medical students. METHODS A questionnaire was administered to sixth-year medical students across 82 medical schools in Japan between November 2022 and February 2023. RESULTS Three learning objectives were identified as difficult for the students to achieve: (1) provide an overview of the regulations, laws, and guidelines related to IST in medicine; (2) discuss ethical issues, such as social disparities caused by the digital divide that may arise in the use of IST in medicine; and (3) understand IST related to medical care. Further, problem-based learning, engaging with IST beyond class, and learning approach impacted the students' acquisition of competencies related to IST. Furthermore, it was recognized that the competencies required by medical students may change over the course of an updated medical school curriculum. CONCLUSIONS It is important for medical students to recognize the significance of learning, establishing active learning methods, and gaining experience in practically applying these competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Ota
- Medical Education Center, Jichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Asada
- Medical Education Center, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Makiko Mieno
- Center for Information, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Lee YM, Stretton B, Tan S, Gupta A, Kovoor J, Bacchi S, Lim W, Chan WO. Captive markets and medical artificial intelligence. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2024; 68:278-281. [PMID: 38563301 DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Min Lee
- Ophthalmology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Brandon Stretton
- Ophthalmology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sheryn Tan
- Ophthalmology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Aashray Gupta
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joshua Kovoor
- Ophthalmology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen Bacchi
- Ophthalmology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Wanyin Lim
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Radiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Weng Onn Chan
- Ophthalmology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Coiera E. The standard problem. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2023; 30:2086-2097. [PMID: 37654094 PMCID: PMC10654885 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocad176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article proposes a framework to support the scientific research of standards so that they can be better measured, evaluated, and designed. METHODS Beginning with the notion of common models, the framework describes the general standard problem-the seeming impossibility of creating a singular, persistent, and definitive standard which is not subject to change over time in an open system. RESULTS The standard problem arises from uncertainty driven by variations in operating context, standard quality, differences in implementation, and drift over time. As a result, fitting work using conformance services is needed to repair these gaps between a standard and what is required for real-world use. To guide standards design and repair, a framework for measuring performance in context is suggested, based on signal detection theory and technomarkers. Based on the type of common model in operation, different conformance strategies are identified: (1) Universal conformance (all agents access the same standard); (2) Mediated conformance (an interoperability layer supports heterogeneous agents); and (3) Localized conformance (autonomous adaptive agents manage their own needs). Conformance methods include incremental design, modular design, adaptors, and creating interactive and adaptive agents. DISCUSSION Machine learning should have a major role in adaptive fitting. Research to guide the choice and design of conformance services may focus on the stability and homogeneity of shared tasks, and whether common models are shared ahead of time or adjusted at task time. CONCLUSION This analysis conceptually decouples interoperability and standardization. While standards facilitate interoperability, interoperability is achievable without standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Coiera
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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Ricci FS, Boldini A, Ma X, Beheshti M, Geruschat DR, Seiple WH, Rizzo JR, Porfiri M. Virtual reality as a means to explore assistive technologies for the visually impaired. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2023; 2:e0000275. [PMID: 37339135 PMCID: PMC10281573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Visual impairment represents a significant health and economic burden affecting 596 million globally. The incidence of visual impairment is expected to double by 2050 as our population ages. Independent navigation is challenging for persons with visual impairment, as they often rely on non-visual sensory signals to find the optimal route. In this context, electronic travel aids are promising solutions that can be used for obstacle detection and/or route guidance. However, electronic travel aids have limitations such as low uptake and limited training that restrict their widespread use. Here, we present a virtual reality platform for testing, refining, and training with electronic travel aids. We demonstrate the viability on an electronic travel aid developed in-house, consist of a wearable haptic feedback device. We designed an experiment in which participants donned the electronic travel aid and performed a virtual task while experiencing a simulation of three different visual impairments: age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Our experiments indicate that our electronic travel aid significantly improves the completion time for all the three visual impairments and reduces the number of collisions for diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. Overall, the combination of virtual reality and electronic travel aid may have a beneficial role on mobility rehabilitation of persons with visual impairment, by allowing early-phase testing of electronic travel aid prototypes in safe, realistic, and controllable settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Sofia Ricci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Center for Urban Science and Progress, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Alain Boldini
- Center for Urban Science and Progress, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Xinda Ma
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Mahya Beheshti
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Duane R. Geruschat
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William H. Seiple
- Lighthouse Guild, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - John-Ross Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Maurizio Porfiri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Center for Urban Science and Progress, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
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Huusko J, Kinnunen UM, Saranto K. Medical device regulation (MDR) in health technology enterprises - perspectives of managers and regulatory professionals. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:310. [PMID: 36997978 PMCID: PMC10062684 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the European Union (EU), there are over half a million medical devices, varying from pacemakers to software. Medical devices play an important role in health care as they are used in diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, prediction, prognosis, treatment, or to alleviate disease. Medical devices are regulated in the EU by the Medical Device Regulation (MDR), which came into force on 25 April 2017 and into application on 26 May 2021. The demand for regulation arose from the need to establish a transparent, robust, predictable, and sustainable regulatory framework. This study aims to examine how the managers and regulatory professionals in health technology enterprises perceived the application of the MDR and what were their information needs regarding the MDR. METHODS A link to an online questionnaire was sent to 405 managers and regulatory professionals representing health technology enterprises in Finland. The study included 74 respondents. Descriptive statistics were used to describe and summarise the characteristics of the dataset. RESULTS Information related to the MDR was fragmented and the necessary information was sought from multiple information sources, while the Finnish Medicines Agency (Fimea) was regarded as the most important source of information and training provider. To some extent, the managers and regulatory professionals expressed their dissatisfaction with the performance of Fimea. The managers and regulatory professionals were not very familiar with the ICT systems provided by the EU. The size of an enterprise affected how many medical devices it manufactures and generally affected the views about the MDR. CONCLUSIONS The managers and regulatory professionals understood the role of the MDR regarding the safety and transparency of medical devices. The available information regarding the MDR did not properly fit the needs of users and there seemed to be a gap in information quality. The managers and regulatory professionals had some difficulties understanding the available information. Based on our findings, we believe it is paramount to evaluate the challenges faced by Fimea and how it could improve its performance. To some extent, the MDR is regarded as a burden for smaller enterprises. It is important to highlight the benefits of ICT systems and to develop them to better meet the information needs of enterprises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhamatti Huusko
- Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, Kuopio, 70210, Finland.
| | - Ulla-Mari Kinnunen
- Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
| | - Kaija Saranto
- Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
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Cheung JMY, Menczel Schrire Z, Aji M, Rahimi M, Salomon H, Doggett I, Glozier N, Bartlett DJ, Wong K, Grunstein RR, Gordon CJ. Embedding digital sleep health into primary care practice: A triangulation of perspectives from general practitioners, nurses, and pharmacists. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231180970. [PMID: 37377559 PMCID: PMC10291541 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231180970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While digital health interventions (DHIs) can potentially address the unmet needs for sleep health services, little is known about their implementation in practice. The current study aimed to explore primary care health providers' attitudes and beliefs towards DHIs for sleep and implementation into practice. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was administered to Australian primary care health professionals: general practitioners (GPs), community nurses, and community pharmacists. Semi-structured interviews were conducted within a sub-sample of participants exploring their experiences with DHIs and perceived barriers/facilitators for embedding DHIs into primary care. Semi-structured interviews were thematically analysed using the framework approach to contextualise survey findings. Results Ninety-six surveys were returned (GPs = 36, nurses = 30, and pharmacists = 30) and 45 interviews conducted (GPs = 17, nurses = 14, and pharmacists = 14). From the survey, GPs were more likely to endorse familiarity (p = 0.009) and use (p < 0.001) of sleep DHIs in clinical practice than pharmacists and nurses. GPs were more interested in utilising the diagnostic features within a sleep DHI (p = 0.009) compared to other professionals. Thematic analysis of the interviews revealed three major themes, contextualised by profession: (1) Scope for DHIs in Current Practice, (2) Practice Gaps and Training Needs, and (3) Envisioning a Model of Care Using Sleep DHIs. While DHIs can potentially improve care, greater clarity of care pathways and reimbursement structures are needed for integration into practice. Conclusion Primary care health professionals highlighted the training, care pathway and financial models required to realise the potential for translating findings from efficacy studies for DHIs into primary care to optimise sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet MY Cheung
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zoe Menczel Schrire
- Healthy Brain Ageing Program, The University of Sydney School of Psychology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melissa Aji
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Rahimi
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Syndey, Australia
| | - Helena Salomon
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Syndey, Australia
| | - Iliana Doggett
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Syndey, Australia
| | - Nicholas Glozier
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Delwyn J. Bartlett
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Syndey, Australia
| | - Keith Wong
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Syndey, Australia
| | - Ronald R. Grunstein
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Gordon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Nursing School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Chu CH, Ronquillo C, Khan S, Hung L, Boscart V. Technology Recommendations to Support Person-Centered Care in Long-Term Care Homes during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond. J Aging Soc Policy 2021; 33:539-554. [PMID: 34278980 DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2021.1927620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed persistent inequities in the long-term care sector and brought strict social/physical distancing distancing and public health quarantine guidelines that inadvertently put long-term care residents at risk for social isolation and loneliness. Virtual communication and technologies have come to the forefront as the primary mode for residents to maintain connections with their loved ones and the outside world; yet, many long-term care homes do not have the technological capabilities to support modern day technologies. There is an urgent need to replace antiquated technological infrastructures to enable person-centered care and prevent potentially irreversible cognitive and psychological declines by ensuring residents are able to maintain important relationships with their family and friends. To this end, we provide five technological recommendations to support the ethos of person-centered care in residential long-term care homes during the pandemic and in a post-COVID-19 pandemic world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene H Chu
- Assistant Professor, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Assistant Professor (cross-appointed), Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Affiliate Scientist, KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institution, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charlene Ronquillo
- Scientist, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Shehroz Khan
- Affiliate Scientist, KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institution, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lillian Hung
- Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Veronique Boscart
- Affiliate Scientist, KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institution, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Executive Dean, School of Health & Life Sciences, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
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Salisbury JP. Using Medical Device Standards for Design and Risk Management of Immersive Virtual Reality for At-Home Therapy and Remote Patient Monitoring. JMIR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021; 6:e26942. [PMID: 38907371 PMCID: PMC11041430 DOI: 10.2196/26942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous virtual reality (VR) systems have received regulatory clearance as therapeutic medical devices for in-clinic and at-home use. These systems enable remote patient monitoring of clinician-prescribed rehabilitation exercises, although most of these systems are nonimmersive. With the expanding availability of affordable and easy-to-use head-mounted display (HMD)-based VR, there is growing interest in immersive VR therapies. However, HMD-based VR presents unique risks. Following standards for medical device development, the objective of this paper is to demonstrate a risk management process for a generic immersive VR system for remote patient monitoring of at-home therapy. Regulations, standards, and guidance documents applicable to therapeutic VR design are reviewed to provide necessary background. Generic requirements for an immersive VR system for home use and remote patient monitoring are identified using predicate analysis and specified for both patients and clinicians using user stories. To analyze risk, failure modes and effects analysis, adapted for medical device risk management, is performed on the generic user stories and a set of risk control measures is proposed. Many therapeutic applications of VR would be regulated as a medical device if they were to be commercially marketed. Understanding relevant standards for design and risk management early in the development process can help expedite the availability of innovative VR therapies that are safe and effective.
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Rivard L, Lehoux P, Alami H. "It's not just hacking for the sake of it": a qualitative study of health innovators' views on patient-driven open innovations, quality and safety. BMJ Qual Saf 2020; 30:731-738. [PMID: 32938774 DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2020-011254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Open do-it-yourself (DIY) health innovations raise new dilemmas for patient-oriented and service-oriented scholars and healthcare providers. Our study aimed to generate practical insights into quality and safety issues to patient care raised by two volunteer-run, open DIY solutions: Nightscout Project (patient-driven, open-source software for type 1 diabetes management) and e-NABLE (volunteers who design and three-dimensionally print upper-limb assistive devices). To this end, we examined the views of health innovators who are knowledgeable about medical devices standards and regulations. METHODS We applied a multimedia-based, data-elicitation technique to conduct indepth interviews with a diversified sample of 31 health innovators practising in two Canadian provinces (Quebec and Ontario). An exploratory thematic analysis approach was used to identify respondents' reasoning processes and compare their overall judgements of Nightscout and e-NABLE. RESULTS Respondents pondered the following quality and safety issues: importance of the need addressed; accessibility; volunteers' ability to develop and maintain a safe solution of good quality; risks involved for users; consequences of not using the solution; and liability. Overall, innovators see Nightscout as a high-risk DIY solution that requires expert involvement and e-NABLE as a low-risk one that fills a hard-to-meet gap. CONCLUSION Health innovators generally support patient-driven initiatives but also call for the involvement of professionals who possess complementary skills and knowledge. Our findings provide a list of issues healthcare providers may discuss with patients during clinical consultations to document potential risks and benefits of open DIY solutions. To inform new policy approaches, we propose the development of publicly funded umbrella organisations to act as intermediaries between open DIY solutions and regulatory bodies to help them meet quality and safety standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lysanne Rivard
- Center for Public Health Research, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pascale Lehoux
- Center for Public Health Research, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hassane Alami
- Center for Public Health Research, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Qu C, Sas C, Daudén Roquet C, Doherty G. Functionality of Top-Rated Mobile Apps for Depression: Systematic Search and Evaluation. JMIR Ment Health 2020; 7:e15321. [PMID: 32012079 PMCID: PMC7007593 DOI: 10.2196/15321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade, there has been a proliferation of mobile apps claiming to support the needs of people living with depression. However, it is unclear what functionality is actually provided by apps for depression, or for whom they are intended. OBJECTIVE This paper aimed to explore the key features of top-rated apps for depression, including descriptive characteristics, functionality, and ethical concerns, to better inform the design of apps for depression. METHODS We reviewed top-rated iPhone OS (iOS) and Android mobile apps for depression retrieved from app marketplaces in spring 2019. We applied a systematic analysis to review the selected apps, for which data were gathered from the 2 marketplaces and through direct use of the apps. We report an in-depth analysis of app functionality, namely, screening, tracking, and provision of interventions. Of the initially identified 482 apps, 29 apps met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Apps were included if they remained accessible at the moment of evaluation, were offered in mental health-relevant categories, received a review score greater than 4.0 out of 5.0 by more than 100 reviewers, and had depression as a primary target. RESULTS The analysis revealed that a majority of apps specify the evidence base for their intervention (18/29, 62%), whereas a smaller proportion describes receiving clinical input into their design (12/29, 41%). All the selected apps are rated as suitable for children and adolescents on the marketplace, but 83% (24/29) do not provide a privacy policy consistent with their rating. The findings also show that most apps provide multiple functions. The most commonly implemented functions include provision of interventions (24/29, 83%) either as a digitalized therapeutic intervention or as support for mood expression; tracking (19/29, 66%) of moods, thoughts, or behaviors for supporting the intervention; and screening (9/29, 31%) to inform the decision to use the app and its intervention. Some apps include overtly negative content. CONCLUSIONS Currently available top-ranked apps for depression on the major marketplaces provide diverse functionality to benefit users across a range of age groups; however, guidelines and frameworks are still needed to ensure users' privacy and safety while using them. Suggestions include clearly defining the age of the target population and explicit disclosure of the sharing of users' sensitive data with third parties. In addition, we found an opportunity for apps to better leverage digital affordances for mitigating harm, for personalizing interventions, and for tracking multimodal content. The study further demonstrated the need to consider potential risks while using depression apps, including the use of nonvalidated screening tools, tracking negative moods or thinking patterns, and exposing users to negative emotional expression content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Qu
- School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Corina Sas
- School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Daudén Roquet
- School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Doherty
- School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Stawarz K, Preist C, Coyle D. Use of Smartphone Apps, Social Media, and Web-Based Resources to Support Mental Health and Well-Being: Online Survey. JMIR Ment Health 2019; 6:e12546. [PMID: 31301126 PMCID: PMC6659390 DOI: 10.2196/12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technology can play an important role in supporting mental health. Many studies have explored the effectiveness, acceptability, or context of use of different types of mental health technologies. However, existing research has tended to investigate single types of technology at a time rather than exploring a wider ecosystem that people may use. This narrow focus can limit our understanding of how we could best design mental health technologies. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate which technologies (smartphone apps, discussion forums and social media, and websites and Web-based programs) people use to support their mental health and why, whether they combine and use more than one technology, what purpose each technology serves, and which features people find the most valuable. METHODS We conducted an online survey to gather responses from members of the public who use technology to support their mental health and well-being. The survey was advertised on social media and via posters at a university. It explored usage patterns, frequently used features, and engagement with technology. To gain deeper insights into users' preferences, we also thematically analyzed open-ended comments about each technology type and suggestions for improvements provided by the respondents. RESULTS In total, 81 eligible participants completed the survey. Smartphone apps were the most commonly used technology, with 78% of the participants (63/81) using them, either alone (40%) or in combination with other technologies (38%). Each type of technology was used for specific purposes: apps provided guided activities, relaxation, and enabled tracking; social media and discussion forums allowed participants to learn from the experiences of others and use that knowledge to understand their own situation; and Web-based programs and websites helped to find out how to deal on a day-to-day basis with stress and anxiety. The analysis of open-ended responses showed that although many people valued technology and felt it could support targeted activities, it was not seen as a substitute for traditional face-to-face therapy. Participants wanted technology to be more sophisticated and nuanced, supporting personalized and actionable recommendations. There was evidence that participants mistrusted technology, irrespective of the type, and had broader concerns regarding the impact of overuse of technology. CONCLUSIONS People use different types of technology to support their mental health. Each can serve a specific purpose. Although apps are the most widely used technology, mixing and matching different types of technology is also common. Technology should not be seen as a replacement for traditional psychotherapy, rather it offers new opportunities to support mental health as part of an overall ecosystem. People want technology to be more nuanced and personalized to help them plan informed actions. Future interventions should explore the use of multiple technologies and their combined effects on mental health support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Stawarz
- Bristol Interaction Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Preist
- Bristol Interaction Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David Coyle
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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12
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Ciani O, Cucciniello M, Petracca F, Apolone G, Merlini G, Novello S, Pedrazzoli P, Zilembo N, Broglia C, Capelletto E, Garassino M, Nicod E, Tarricone R. Lung Cancer App (LuCApp) study protocol: a randomised controlled trial to evaluate a mobile supportive care app for patients with metastatic lung cancer. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e025483. [PMID: 30772862 PMCID: PMC6398637 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mobile health technologies may enhance patient empowerment and data integration along the whole care continuum. However, these interventions pose relatively new regulatory, organisational and technological challenges that limit appropriate evaluation. Lung Cancer App (LuCApp) is a mobile application developed by researchers and clinicians to promote real-time monitoring and management of patients' symptoms. This protocol illustrates a clinical trial designed to evaluate the usability, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of LuCApp versus standard of care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a 24-week two-arm non-blinded multicentre parallel randomised controlled trial. A total of 120 adult patients diagnosed with small or non-small cell lung cancer and eligible for pharmaceutical treatments will be allocated 1:1 to receiving either standard care or LuCApp in addition to standard care at three oncology sites in Northern Italy. During the treatment period, LuCApp allows daily monitoring and grading of a list of symptoms, which trigger alerts to the physicians in case predefined severity thresholds are met. Patients will complete a baseline assessment and a set of valid and reliable patient-reported outcome measures every 3±1 weeks, and up to 24 weeks. The primary outcome is the change in the score of the Trial Outcome Index in the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (Lung) questionnaire from baseline to 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes are the Lung Cancer Subscale, the EuroQoL 5D-5L questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Supportive Care Needs Survey Short Form, the app usability questionnaire and the Zarit Burden Interview for the main caregiver. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The trial received ethical approval from the three clinical sites. Trial results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. CONCLUSIONS This trial makes a timely contribution to test a mobile application designed to improve the quality of life and delivery of care for patients with lung cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03512015; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Ciani
- Centre for Research in Health and Social Care Management (CERGAS), SDA Bocconi, Milano, Italy
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Maria Cucciniello
- Centre for Research in Health and Social Care Management (CERGAS), SDA Bocconi, Milano, Italy
- Department of Social and Political Science, Bocconi University, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Petracca
- Centre for Research in Health and Social Care Management (CERGAS), SDA Bocconi, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Giampaolo Merlini
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Broglia
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Nicod
- Centre for Research in Health and Social Care Management (CERGAS), SDA Bocconi, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tarricone
- Centre for Research in Health and Social Care Management (CERGAS), SDA Bocconi, Milano, Italy
- Department of Social and Political Science, Bocconi University, Milano, Italy
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Braithwaite J, Vincent C, Nicklin W, Amalberti R. Coping with more people with more illness. Part 2: new generation of standards for enabling healthcare system transformation and sustainability. Int J Qual Health Care 2018; 31:159-163. [DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzy236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- International Society for Quality in Health Care, 4th Floor, Huguenot House, 35-38 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Charles Vincent
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Anna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, UK
| | - Wendy Nicklin
- International Society for Quality in Health Care, 4th Floor, Huguenot House, 35-38 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Queen’s University, 99 University Ave, Kingston, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - René Amalberti
- Haute Autorité de Santé, 5 Avenue du Stade de France, Saint-Denis, France
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Bring-your-own-device in medical schools and healthcare facilities: A review of the literature. Int J Med Inform 2018; 119:94-102. [PMID: 30342692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enabling personal mobile device use through a bring-your-own device (BYOD) policy can potentially save significant costs for medical schools and healthcare facilities, as they would not always have to acquire facility-owned devices. The BYOD policy is also perceived as a driver for balancing user needs for convenience with institutional needs for security. However, there seems to be a paucity in the literature on BYOD policy development, policy evaluation, and evaluation of mobile device implementation projects. OBJECTIVE This review explored the literature to identify BYOD policy components (issues, interventions, and guidelines) that could potentially inform BYOD policy development and implementation in medical schools and healthcare facilities. METHODS A literature search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Ebscohost (Academic Search Premier, ERIC, CINAHL, and MEDLINE) was conducted using the following search terms and their synonyms: healthcare facilities, mobile devices, BYOD, privacy and confidentiality, and health records. We developed a review matrix to capture the main aspects of each article and coded the matrix for emerging themes. The database and hand search yielded 1 594 articles, 14 of which were deemed as meeting the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Several themes emerging from the analysis include: device management, data security, medical applications, information technology, education and/or curriculum, policy, and guidelines. The guidelines theme seems to provide a direction for BYOD policy development and implementation while the policy theme seems to be the comprehensive solution that synergizes BYOD implementation. CONCLUSION Rather than an approach of 'chasing' issues with interventions, a more feasible approach towards achieving a safe mobile device use environment is through the development of comprehensive BYOD policies that would balance users' need for convenience with organizational security and patient privacy. The paucity in peer-reviewed literature calls for robust research that uses socio-technical approaches to development and evaluation of BYOD policies in medical schools and healthcare facilities.
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Stawarz K, Preist C, Tallon D, Wiles N, Coyle D. User Experience of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Apps for Depression: An Analysis of App Functionality and User Reviews. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e10120. [PMID: 29875087 PMCID: PMC6010839 DOI: 10.2196/10120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hundreds of mental health apps are available to the general public. With increasing pressures on health care systems, they offer a potential way for people to support their mental health and well-being. However, although many are highly rated by users, few are evidence-based. Equally, our understanding of what makes apps engaging and valuable to users is limited. Objective The aim of this paper was to analyze functionality and user opinions of mobile apps purporting to support cognitive behavioral therapy for depression and to explore key factors that have an impact on user experience and support engagement. Methods We systematically identified apps described as being based on cognitive behavioral therapy for depression. We then conducted 2 studies. In the first, we analyzed the therapeutic functionality of apps. This corroborated existing work on apps’ fidelity to cognitive behavioral therapy theory, but we also extended prior work by examining features designed to support user engagement. Engagement features found in cognitive behavioral therapy apps for depression were compared with those found in a larger group of apps that support mental well-being in a more general sense. Our second study involved a more detailed examination of user experience, through a thematic analysis of publicly available user reviews of cognitive behavioral therapy apps for depression. Results We identified 31 apps that purport to be based on cognitive behavioral therapy for depression. Functionality analysis (study 1) showed that they offered an eclectic mix of features, including many not based on cognitive behavioral therapy practice. Cognitive behavioral therapy apps used less varied engagement features compared with 253 other mental well-being apps. The analysis of 1287 user reviews of cognitive behavioral therapy apps for depression (study 2) showed that apps are used in a wide range of contexts, both replacing and augmenting therapy, and allowing users to play an active role in supporting their mental health and well-being. Users, including health professionals, valued and used apps that incorporated both core cognitive behavioral therapy and non-cognitive behavioral therapy elements, but concerns were also expressed regarding the unsupervised use of apps. Positivity was seen as important to engagement, for example, in the context of automatic thoughts, users expressed a preference to capture not just negative but also positive ones. Privacy, security, and trust were crucial to the user experience. Conclusions Cognitive behavioral therapy apps for depression need to improve with respect to incorporating evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapy elements. Equally, a positive user experience is dependent on other design factors, including consideration of varying contexts of use. App designers should be able to clearly identify the therapeutic basis of their apps, but they should also draw on evidence-based strategies to support a positive and engaging user experience. The most effective apps are likely to strike a balance between evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapy strategies and evidence-based design strategies, including the possibility of eclectic therapeutic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Stawarz
- Bristol Interaction Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Preist
- Bristol Interaction Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Tallon
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Wiles
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David Coyle
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cifter AS. Blood Pressure Monitor Usability Problems Detected Through Human Factors Evaluation. ERGONOMICS IN DESIGN 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1064804617691397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure monitors are one of the most commonly used medical devices in the home environment. They are abundantly available and easily accessible in the consumer market at reasonable prices. However, it is not clear to what extent these devices comply with the needs and expectations of users with varying levels of capability. This article focuses on the usability aspect of blood pressure monitors from a universal design perspective. I present the results of a study in which three brands of blood pressure monitors were examined through a method that combines hierarchical task analysis and heuristic evaluation.
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Albrecht UV, Afshar K, Illiger K, Becker S, Hartz T, Breil B, Wichelhaus D, von Jan U. Expectancy, usage and acceptance by general practitioners and patients: exploratory results from a study in the German outpatient sector. Digit Health 2017; 3:2055207617695135. [PMID: 29942582 PMCID: PMC6001275 DOI: 10.1177/2055207617695135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study’s objective was to assess factors contributing to the use of smart devices by general practitioners (GPs) and patients in the health domain, while specifically addressing the situation in Germany, and to determine whether, and if so, how both groups differ in their perceptions of these technologies. Methods GPs and patients of resident practices in the Hannover region, Germany, were surveyed between April and June 2014. A total of 412 GPs in this region were invited by email to participate via an electronic survey, with 50 GPs actually doing so (response rate 12.1%). For surveying the patients, eight regional resident practices were visited by study personnel (once each). Every second patient arriving there (inclusion criteria: of age, fluent in German) was asked to take part (paper-based questionnaire). One hundred and seventy patients participated; 15 patients who did not give consent were excluded. Results The majority of the participating patients (68.2%, 116/170) and GPs (76%, 38/50) owned mobile devices. Of the patients, 49.9% (57/116) already made health-related use of mobile devices; 95% (36/38) of the participating GPs used them in a professional context. For patients, age (P < 0.001) and education (P < 0.001) were significant factors, but not gender (P > 0.99). For doctors, neither age (P = 0.73), professional experience (P > 0.99) nor gender (P = 0.19) influenced usage rates. For patients, the primary use case was obtaining health (service)-related information. For GPs, interprofessional communication and retrieving information were in the foreground. There was little app-related interaction between both groups. Conclusions GPs and patients use smart mobile devices to serve their specific interests. However, the full potentials of mobile technologies for health purposes are not yet being taken advantage of. Doctors as well as other care providers and the patients should work together on exploring and realising the potential benefits of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs-Vito Albrecht
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of the University of Braunschweig - Institute of Technology and Hannover Medical School, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Kambiz Afshar
- Institute for General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Kristin Illiger
- Technology and Health for People, Faculty Construction & Geoinformation, Jade University of Applied Sciences, Germany
| | - Stefan Becker
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Hartz
- Centre for Quality and Management in Healthcare, Medical Association of Lower Saxony, Germany
| | | | | | - Ute von Jan
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of the University of Braunschweig - Institute of Technology and Hannover Medical School, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Naeem F, Munshi T, Xiang S, Yang M, Shokraneh F, Syed Y, Ayub M, Adams CE, Farooq S. A survey of eMedia-delivered interventions for schizophrenia used in randomized controlled trials. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:233-243. [PMID: 28203078 PMCID: PMC5295793 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s115897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized trials evaluating electronic Media (eMedia) delivery of interventions are increasingly frequent in mental health. Although a number of reviews have reported efficacy of these interventions, none has reviewed the type of eMedia interventions and quality of their description. We therefore decided to conduct a survey of eMedia-delivered interventions for schizophrenia. METHODS We surveyed all relevant trials reliably identified in the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's comprehensive register of trials by authors working independently. Data were extracted regarding the size of the trial, interventions, outcomes and how well the intervention was described. RESULTS eMedia delivery of interventions is increasingly frequent in trials relevant to the care of people with schizophrenia. The trials varied considerably in sample sizes (mean =123, median =87, range =20-507), and interventions were diverse, rarely evaluating the same approaches and were poorly reported. This makes replication impossible. Outcomes in these studies are limited, have not been noted to be chosen by end users and seem unlikely to be easy to apply in routine care. No study reported on potential adverse effects or cost, end users satisfaction or ease of use. None of the papers mentioned the use of CONSORT eHealth guidelines. CONCLUSION There is a need to improve reporting and testing of psychosocial interventions delivered by eMedia. New trials should comply with CONSORT eHealth guidance on design, conduct and reporting, and existing CONSORT should be updated regularly, as the field is constantly evolving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Naeem
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Tariq Munshi
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Shuo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Megan Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Ramkissoon CM, Aufderheide B, Bequette BW, Vehi J. A Review of Safety and Hazards Associated With the Artificial Pancreas. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2017; 10:44-62. [DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2017.2749038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ettinger KM, Pharaoh H, Buckman RY, Conradie H, Karlen W. Building quality mHealth for low resource settings. J Med Eng Technol 2016; 40:431-443. [PMID: 27560713 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2016.1213906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), community health care workers (CHCW) are the primary point of care for millions of people. Mobile phone health applications (mHealth app) are the preferred technology platform to deliver clinical support to CHCW. In LMIC, limited regulatory oversight exists to guide quality and safety for medical devices, including mHealth. During the development of a mHealth app to assist CHCW with patient assessment and clinical diagnosis in rural South Africa, we applied human-centred design (HCD) and a bioethics consultation. The HCD approach enabled us to develop a mHealth app that responded to the needs and capacities of CHCW. The bioethics consultation prompted early consideration of safety concerns, social implications of our mHealth app and our technology's impact on the CHCW-patient relationship. In this study, we found that combining a HCD approach with bioethics consultation improved the design quality and reduced safety concerns for our mHealth app.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamilton Pharaoh
- b Physiotherapy Department , University of the Western Cape , Belleville , South Africa
| | | | - Hoffie Conradie
- d Ukwanda Rural Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University , Worcester , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Walter Karlen
- e Department of Health Sciences and Technology , ETH Zurich, Mobile Health Systems Lab , Zurich , Switzerland
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O'Kane AA, Park SY, Mentis H, Blandford A, Chen Y. Turning to Peers: Integrating Understanding of the Self, the Condition, and Others' Experiences in Making Sense of Complex Chronic Conditions. Comput Support Coop Work 2016; 25:477-501. [PMID: 32355411 PMCID: PMC7175643 DOI: 10.1007/s10606-016-9260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
People are increasingly involved in the self-management of their own health, including chronic conditions. With technology advances, the choice of self-management practices, tools, and technologies has never been greater. The studies reported here investigated the information seeking practices of two different chronic health populations in their quest to manage their health conditions. Migraine and diabetes patients and clinicians in the UK and the US were interviewed about their information needs and practices, and representative online communities were explored to inform a qualitative study. We found that people with either chronic condition require personally relevant information and use a broad and varied set of practices and tools to make sense of their specific symptoms, triggers, and treatments. Participants sought out different types of information from varied sources about themselves, their medical condition, and their peers’ experiences of the same chronic condition. People with diabetes and migraine expended great effort to validate their personal experiences of their condition and determine whether these experiences were ‘normal’. Based on these findings, we discuss the need for future personal health technologies that support people in engaging in meaningful and personalised data collection, information seeking, and information sharing with peers in flexible ways that enable them to better understand their own condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helena Mentis
- 3University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD USA
| | | | - Yunan Chen
- 4University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
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Niezen G, Eslambolchilar P, Thimbleby H. Open-source hardware for medical devices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:78-83. [PMID: 27158528 PMCID: PMC4853539 DOI: 10.1136/bmjinnov-2015-000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Open-source hardware is hardware whose design is made publicly available so anyone can study, modify, distribute, make and sell the design or the hardware based on that design. Some open-source hardware projects can potentially be used as active medical devices. The open-source approach offers a unique combination of advantages, including reducing costs and faster innovation. This article compares 10 of open-source healthcare projects in terms of how easy it is to obtain the required components and build the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Niezen
- Department of Computer Science , Swansea University , Swansea , UK
| | | | - Harold Thimbleby
- Department of Computer Science , Swansea University , Swansea , UK
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