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Yuan Y, Zhao J, Liu Q, Liu Y, Liu Y, Tian X, Qiao W, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Chen L. Human milk sphingomyelin: Function, metabolism, composition and mimicking. Food Chem 2024; 447:138991. [PMID: 38520905 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Human milk, which contains various nutrients, is the "gold standard" for infant nutrition. Healthy human milk meets all the nutritional needs of early infant development. Polar lipids mainly exist in the milk fat globule membrane, accounting for approximately 1-2% of human milk lipids; sphingomyelin (SM) accounts for approximately 21-24% of polar lipids. SM plays an important role in promoting the development of the brain and nervous system, regulating intestinal flora, and improving skin barriers. Though SM could be synthesized de novo, SM nutrition from dietary is also important for infants. The content and composition of SM in human milk has been reported, however, the molecular mechanisms of nutritional functions of SM for infants required further research. This review summarizes the functional mechanisms, metabolic pathways, and compositional, influencing factors, and mimicking of SM in human milk, and highlights the challenges of improving maternal and infant early/long-term nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Junying Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Weicang Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China
| | - Yanpin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China.
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Montgomery MK, Taddese AZ, Bayliss J, Nie S, Williamson NA, Watt MJ. Hexosaminidase A (HEXA) regulates hepatic sphingolipid and lipoprotein metabolism in mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22046. [PMID: 34800307 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101186r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hexosaminidase A (HexA), a heterodimer consisting of HEXA and HEXB, converts the ganglioside sphingolipid GM2 to GM3 by removing a terminal N-acetyl-d-galactosamine. HexA enzyme deficiency in humans leads to GM2 accumulation in cells, particularly in neurons, and is associated with neurodegeneration. While HexA and sphingolipid metabolism have been extensively investigated in the context of neuronal lipid metabolism, little is known about the metabolic impact of HexA and ganglioside degradation in other tissues. Here, we focussed on the role of HexA in the liver, which is a major regulator of systemic lipid metabolism. We find that hepatic Hexa expression is induced by lipid availability and increased in the presence of hepatic steatosis, which is associated with increased hepatic GM3 content. To assess the impact of HEXA on hepatic lipid metabolism, we used an adeno-associated virus to overexpress HEXA in the livers of high-fat diet fed mice. HEXA overexpression was associated with increased hepatic GM3 content and increased expression of enzymes involved in the degradation of glycated sphingolipids, ultimately driving sphingomyelin accumulation in the liver. In addition, HEXA overexpression led to substantial proteome remodeling in cell surface lipid rafts, which was associated with increased VLDL processing and secretion, hypertriglyceridemia and ectopic lipid accumulation in peripheral tissues. This study established an important role of HEXA in modulating hepatic sphingolipid and lipoprotein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene K Montgomery
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanuiel Z Taddese
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Bayliss
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shuai Nie
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Williamson
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Szlasa W, Zendran I, Zalesińska A, Tarek M, Kulbacka J. Lipid composition of the cancer cell membrane. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:321-342. [PMID: 32715369 PMCID: PMC7520422 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09846-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell possesses numerous adaptations to resist the immune system response and chemotherapy. One of the most significant properties of the neoplastic cells is the altered lipid metabolism, and consequently, the abnormal cell membrane composition. Like in the case of phosphatidylcholine, these changes result in the modulation of certain enzymes and accumulation of energetic material, which could be used for a higher proliferation rate. The changes are so prominent, that some lipids, such as phosphatidylserines, could even be considered as the cancer biomarkers. Additionally, some changes of biophysical properties of cell membranes lead to the higher resistance to chemotherapy, and finally to the disturbances in signalling pathways. Namely, the increased levels of certain lipids, like for instance phosphatidylserine, lead to the attenuation of the immune system response. Also, changes in lipid saturation prevent the cells from demanding conditions of the microenvironment. Particularly interesting is the significance of cell membrane cholesterol content in the modulation of metastasis. This review paper discusses the roles of each lipid type in cancer physiology. The review combined theoretical data with clinical studies to show novel therapeutic options concerning the modulation of cell membranes in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iga Zendran
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Mounir Tarek
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
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Discovery of 1,8-naphthyridin-2-one derivative as a potent and selective sphingomyelin synthase 2 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Stenemo M, Ganna A, Salihovic S, Nowak C, Sundström J, Giedraitis V, Broeckling CD, Prenni JE, Svensson P, Magnusson PKE, Lind L, Ingelsson E, Ärnlöv J, Fall T. The metabolites urobilin and sphingomyelin (30:1) are associated with incident heart failure in the general population. ESC Heart Fail 2019; 6:764-773. [PMID: 31148414 PMCID: PMC6676274 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims We aimed to investigate whether metabolomic profiling of blood can lead to novel insights into heart failure pathogenesis or improved risk prediction. Methods and results Mass spectrometry‐based metabolomic profiling was performed in plasma or serum samples from three community‐based cohorts without heart failure at baseline (total n = 3924; 341 incident heart failure events; median follow‐up ranging from 4.6 to 13.9 years). Cox proportional hazard models were applied to assess the association of each of the 206 identified metabolites with incident heart failure in the discovery cohorts Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) (n = 920) and Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM) (n = 1121). Replication was undertaken in the independent cohort TwinGene (n = 1797). We also assessed whether metabolites could improve the prediction of heart failure beyond established risk factors (age, sex, body mass index, low‐density and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid medication, diabetes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication, glomerular filtration rate, smoking status, and myocardial infarction prior to or during follow‐up). Higher circulating urobilin and lower sphingomyelin (30:1) were associated with incident heart failure in age‐adjusted and sex‐adjusted models in the discovery and replication sample. The hazard ratio for urobilin in the replication cohort was estimated to 1.29 per standard deviation unit, 95% confidence interval (CI 1.03–1.63), and for sphingomyelin (30:1) to 0.72 (95% CI 0.58–0.89). Results remained similar after further adjustment for established heart failure risk factors in meta‐analyses of all three cohorts. Urobilin concentrations were inversely associated with left ventricular ejection fraction at baseline in the PIVUS cohort (β = −0.70, 95% CI −1.03 to −0.38). No major improvement in risk prediction was observed when adding the top 2 metabolites (C‐index 0.787, 95% CI 0.752–0.823) or nine Lasso‐selected metabolites (0.790, 95% CI 0.754–0.826) to a modified Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities heart failure risk score model (0.780, 95% CI 0.745–0.816). Conclusions Our metabolomic profiling of three community‐based cohorts study identified associations of circulating levels of the haem breakdown product urobilin, and sphingomyelin (30:1), a cell membrane component involved in signal transduction and apoptosis, with incident heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Stenemo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, EpiHubben, MTC-huset, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrea Ganna
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samira Salihovic
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, EpiHubben, MTC-huset, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christoph Nowak
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Corey D Broeckling
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jessica E Prenni
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Per Svensson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, EpiHubben, MTC-huset, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, EpiHubben, MTC-huset, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
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Li YL, Qi XY, Jiang H, Deng XD, Dong YP, Ding TB, Zhou L, Men P, Chu Y, Wang RX, Jiang XC, Ye DY. Discovery, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(4-(N-phenethylsulfamoyl)phenoxy)acetamides (SAPAs) as novel sphingomyelin synthase 1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6173-84. [PMID: 26314925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) has been proved to be a potential drug target for the treatment of atherosclerosis. However, few SMS inhibitors have been reported. In this paper, structure-based virtual screening was performed on hSMS1. SAPA 1a was discovered as a novel SMS1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 5.2 μM in enzymatic assay. A series of 2-(4-(N-phenethylsulfamoyl)phenoxy)acetamides (SAPAs) were synthesized and their biological activities toward SMS1 were evaluated. Among them, SAPA 1j was found to be the most potent SMS1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 2.1 μM in in vitro assay. The molecular docking studies suggested the interaction modes of SMS1 inhibitors and PC with the active site of SMS1. Site-directed mutagenesis validated the involvement of residues Arg342 and Tyr338 in enzymatic sphingomyelin production. The discovery of SAPA derivatives as a novel class of SMS1 inhibitors would advance the development of more effective SMS1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Qi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan-Ping Dong
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Suihua University, Suihua 152061, China
| | - Ting-Bo Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peng Men
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yong Chu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ren-Xiao Wang
- State Key Lab of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China; State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | - De-Yong Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826, Zhangheng Rd., Shanghai 201203, China.
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Deng X, Lin F, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhou L, Lou B, Li Y, Dong J, Ding T, Jiang X, Wang R, Ye D. Identification of small molecule sphingomyelin synthase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 73:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sphingolipid and ceramide homeostasis: potential therapeutic targets. Biochem Res Int 2012; 2012:248135. [PMID: 22400113 PMCID: PMC3286894 DOI: 10.1155/2012/248135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells where they have been attributed a plethora of functions from the formation of structural domains to polarized cellular trafficking and signal transduction. Recent research has identified and characterised many of the key enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism and this has led to a heightened interest in the possibility of targeting these processes for therapies against cancers, Alzheimer's disease, and numerous important human pathogens. In this paper we outline the major pathways in eukaryotic sphingolipid metabolism and discuss these in relation to disease and therapy for both chronic and infectious conditions.
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