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Sun X, Yu J, Wang Y, Luo J, Zhang G, Peng X. Flaxseed oil ameliorates aging in d-galactose induced rats via altering gut microbiota and mitigating oxidative damage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6432-6442. [PMID: 35567370 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging causes decreased antioxidant capacity and chronic inflammation and may even elevate cancer risks. Previous studies reported that flaxseed oil (FO) can alleviate age-related diseases, including improving alcoholic liver disease, atherosclerosis and diabetes. However, whether the intestinal microbiota accountable for this alleviation is still unknown. This study aims to study the antioxidant effects of FO in an aging rat model and the underlying mechanism between the intestinal microbiota and aging. RESULTS Our results presented that serum and liver antioxidant capacities in FO group were up-regulated, and liver inflammation in FO group was reduced. The 16S rDNA sequencing showed that FO regulated the microbial community, including up-regulation of four families of Lactobacillus and six families of Clostridium. In addition, FO had also adjusted the relative abundance of several genera such as Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 and Prevotella_9, which may be the key bacteria associated with the aging process. Colonic transcriptome analysis showed that there were 1679 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the Model group and the FO group (134 up-regulated and 1545 down-regulated). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed FO down-regulates the expression of the upstream genes Ptprc, Lck, Zap70, Lat and Lcp2 in the T cell receptor signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In conclusion, FO improved antioxidant capacity and reduced intestinal microbial disturbances caused by aging damage, indicating that dietary FO has the potential to fight aging damage. This study provides a more comprehensive view of dietary intervention to improve aging. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juntong Yu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianming Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangwen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xichun Peng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Xue Y, Gao H, Liu X, Tang X, Cao D, Luan X, Zhao L, Qiu L. QTL Mapping of Palmitic Acid Content Using Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment Sequencing (SLAF-Seq) Genotyping in Soybeans (Glycine max L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911273. [PMID: 36232577 PMCID: PMC9569734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybeans are essential crops that supply protein and oil. The composition and contents of soybean fatty acids are relevant to human health and have a significant relationship with soybean oil processing and applications. Identifying quantitative trait locus (QTL) genes related to palmitic acid could facilitate the development of a range of nutritive soybean cultivars using molecular marker-assisted selection. In this study, we used a cultivar with higher palmitic acid content, ‘Dongnong42’, and a lower palmitic acid content cultivar, ‘Hobbit’, to establish F2:6 recombinant inbred lines. A high-density genetic map containing 9980 SLAF markers was constructed and distributed across 20 soybean chromosomes. The genetic map contained a total genetic distance of 2602.58 cM and an average genetic distance of 0.39 cM between adjacent markers. Two QTLs related to palmitic acid content were mapped using inclusive composite interval mapping, explaining 4.2–10.1% of the phenotypic variance in three different years and environments, including the QTL included in seed palmitic 7-3, which was validated by developing SSR markers. Based on the SNP/Indel and significant differential expression analyses of Dongnong42 and Hobbit, two genes, Glyma.15g119700 and Glyma.15g119800, were selected as candidate genes. The high-density genetic map, QTLs, and molecular markers will be helpful for the map-based cloning of palmitic acid content genes. These could be used to accelerate breeding for high nutritive value cultivars via molecular marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguo Xue
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Huawei Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvemen, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinlei Liu
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luan
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.Q.)
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvemen, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.Q.)
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Morgillo S, Hill AM, Coates AM. The Effects of Nut Consumption on Vascular Function. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11010116. [PMID: 30626111 PMCID: PMC6356931 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular stiffness can be measured using numerous techniques including assessments of central haemodynamics, aortic arterial stiffness, and indices of aortic wave reflection and endothelial dilatation. Impaired vascular function is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Epidemiological studies indicate that regular nut consumption reduces CVD risk, with one of the proposed mechanisms being via improvements in vascular function. This narrative review summarizes the evidence from a systematic search of the literature of the effects of tree nut and peanut consumption on measures of vascular function excluding flow mediated dilatation. A total of 16 studies were identified, with a mix of acute controlled studies (n = 3), an uncontrolled pre/post chronic study (n = 1), chronic crossover (n = 7) and parallel studies (n = 5). Nut types tested included almonds, peanuts, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts, with dose and length of supplementation varying greatly across studies. Most studies (n = 13) included individuals at risk for CVD, according to various criteria. Findings were inconsistent, with ten studies reporting no significant changes in vascular function and six studies (one acute and five chronic studies) reporting improvements in at least one measure of vascular function. In summary, nuts have the potential to improve vascular function and future studies should consider the population, dose and length of nut supplementation as well as suitability of the different vascular function techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Morgillo
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
| | - Alison M Hill
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
| | - Alison M Coates
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
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Sikorska-Wiśniewska M, Mika A, Śledziński T, Małgorzewicz S, Stepnowski P, Rutkowski B, Chmielewski M. Disorders of serum omega-3 fatty acid composition in dialyzed patients, and their associations with fat mass. Ren Fail 2017; 39:406-412. [PMID: 28260396 PMCID: PMC6014521 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2017.1295870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Lipid disorders, a constant feature of CKD, might contribute to this state. The aim of this study was to evaluate n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) composition in CKD patients treated with dialysis, in comparison to the general population and to assess possible associations between the n-3 PUFA profile and anthropometric variables. Thirty-three prevalent dialysis patients were studied and compared with an age- and sex-adjusted control group of 22 patients. Fatty acid composition in serum was analyzed by gas chromatography with a mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS) and anthropometric measures were assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy. The fatty acid profile of dialyzed patients was characterized by a significantly lower percentage content of n-3 PUFA. For α-linolenic acid (ALA), it was 0.21 ± 0.09% in dialysis patients versus 0.33 ± 0.11% in the control group (p < .001). For eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), 0.59 ± 0.23% versus 1.15 ± 0.87% (p < .001), and for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 1.11 ± 0.50% versus 1.75 ± 0.87% (p < .001), respectively. The amount of n-3 PUFA decreased with time on dialysis and it correlated positively with body fat mass. For DHA, this correlation was r = .48 (p < .01) and for EPA r = .40 (p < .05). Patients with CKD have a relatively low content of n-3 PUFA which may contribute to their high cardiovascular risk. Patients with a higher content of body fat are characterized by a favorable fatty acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Mika
- b Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Tomasz Śledziński
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry , Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Sylwia Małgorzewicz
- a Department of Nephrology , Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland.,d Department of Clinical Nutrition , Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- b Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Bolesław Rutkowski
- a Department of Nephrology , Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Michał Chmielewski
- a Department of Nephrology , Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
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Abstract
Nuts are rich in many nutrients that can benefit multiple cardiometabolic functions, including arterial compliance, blood pressure, inflammation, glucoregulation and endothelial vasodilatation. Impaired vasodilatation may contribute to impaired cognitive performance due to poor cerebral perfusion. The present narrative review examines associations between nut consumption, vascular health and cognitive function. It includes a systematic search which identified seventy-one epidemiological or intervention studies in which effects of chronic nut consumption on blood pressure, glucoregulation, endothelial vasodilator function, arterial compliance, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive performance were evaluated. Weighted mean changes were estimated where data were available; they indicate that nut consumption reduces blood pressure and improves glucoregulation, endothelial vasodilator function and inflammation, whilst a limited number of studies suggest that nut consumption may also improve cognitive performance. Further clinical trials are warranted to explore relationships between nut consumption, endothelial function and cognitive function.
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