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Mindubayeva F, Akhmaltdinova L, Ospanova M, Tukbekova B, Bolatbekuly Z, Niyazova Y, Salikhova Y, Avdienko O, Akhmetova M. Identifying Key Biomarkers in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension: An Investigative Approach. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:737. [PMID: 38929316 PMCID: PMC11201960 DOI: 10.3390/children11060737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This study assesses the utility of early biomarkers-5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-for diagnosing and monitoring pulmonary hypertension (PH) in children with congenital heart defects (CHD). Due to the risks associated with invasive diagnostics, such as right heart catheterization, non-invasive biomarkers provide a safer alternative for early PH detection. This cohort-based study utilized blood and urine samples to measure 5-HIAA and IGF-1 levels via enzyme immunoassays. Our findings revealed significant changes in 5-HIAA concentrations across various biological matrices, supporting its potential as a diagnostic tool. Specifically, altered levels in urine and plasma reflect its role in serotonin metabolism and vascular remodeling in PH. IGF-1 levels were notably reduced in plasma, suggesting its involvement in PH pathophysiology. ROC analysis confirmed the diagnostic efficacy of these biomarkers, particularly 5-HIAA's high specificity and sensitivity. In conclusion, 5-HIAA and IGF-1 levels correlate well with PH, underscoring their diagnostic value for early PH detection in children with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Mindubayeva
- Department of Physiology, NCJSC «Karaganda Medical University», Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan; (F.M.); (Y.N.); (Y.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Lyudmila Akhmaltdinova
- Scientific Research Laboratory, NCJSC «Karaganda Medical University», Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan (O.A.)
| | - Mariya Ospanova
- Department of Physiology, NCJSC «Karaganda Medical University», Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan; (F.M.); (Y.N.); (Y.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Bibigul Tukbekova
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, NCJSC «Karaganda Medical University», Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Zhanat Bolatbekuly
- Municipal State Enterprise «Multiprofile Hospital No. 2 of Karaganda», Health Department of the Karaganda Region, Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Yuliya Niyazova
- Department of Physiology, NCJSC «Karaganda Medical University», Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan; (F.M.); (Y.N.); (Y.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Yelena Salikhova
- Department of Physiology, NCJSC «Karaganda Medical University», Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan; (F.M.); (Y.N.); (Y.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Olga Avdienko
- Scientific Research Laboratory, NCJSC «Karaganda Medical University», Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan (O.A.)
| | - Meruert Akhmetova
- Department of Physiology, NCJSC «Karaganda Medical University», Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan; (F.M.); (Y.N.); (Y.S.); (M.A.)
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Liu Z, Zhao X. piRNAs as emerging biomarkers and physiological regulatory molecules in cardiovascular disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 711:149906. [PMID: 38640879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent one of the most considerable global health threats, owing to their high incidence and mortality rates. Despite the ongoing advancements in detection, prevention, treatment, and prognosis of CVD, which have resulted in a decline in both incidence and mortality rates, CVD remains a major public health concern. Therefore, novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic interventions are imperative to minimise the risk of CVD. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have recently gained increasing attention, with PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) emerging as a class of small ncRNAs traditionally recognised for their role in silencing transposons within cells. Although the functional roles of PIWI proteins and piRNAs in human cells remain unclear, growing evidence suggests that these molecules are gradually becoming valuable biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of CVD. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest studies on piRNAs in CVD. This review discusses the roles of piRNAs in various cardiovascular subtypes, including myocardial hypertrophy, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and cardiac regeneration. The perceived insights may contribute novel perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Precision Medicine, Kunming YanAn Hospital & Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Bayer HealthCare, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xi Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Precision Medicine, Kunming YanAn Hospital & Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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Morey AGN, Karnia JJ, Wiggen KE. The utility of cardiac-gated computed tomography in diagnosing a reverse patent ductus arteriosus in a dog with a concurrent intracardiac right-to-left shunt. J Vet Cardiol 2024; 52:90-95. [PMID: 38296713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
A five-month-old male intact Goldendoodle presented for evaluation for peripheral cyanosis following exercise. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated severe right ventricular wall thickening and right atrial dilation secondary to pulmonary hypertension. An agitated saline contrast study demonstrated an interatrial right-to-left shunt. Cardiac-gated computed tomography confirmed a reverse patent ductus arteriosus. This case report highlights the utility of cardiac-gated computed tomography in identifying multi-level intra- and extra-cardiac shunts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G N Morey
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Health Center, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - J J Karnia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Health Center, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - K E Wiggen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Health Center, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Ishizu T, Hayashi Y, Tokushige N, Omura J. Real-world diagnostic landscape and incidence of pulmonary hypertension in adult congenital heart disease patients using administrative claims data in Japan. Curr Med Res Opin 2024; 40:555-565. [PMID: 38420663 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2024.2323632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pulmonary hypertension (PH) and Eisenmenger's syndrome (ES) are common complications in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD), the frequency of diagnostic tests and the incidence of PH/ES in patients with ACHD in Japanese clinical practice are unclear. Therefore, we sought to clarify the frequency of diagnostic tests and incidence of PH/ES in patients with ACHD using the Medical Data Vision (MDV) database, the largest anonymized database of diagnosis procedure combination hospitals in Japan. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the MDV database (April 2008 to December 2021) of patients with ACHD (International Classificaiton of Diseases, 10th revision codes: Q203-204, Q210-213, Q250) aged ≥15 years. The frequency of laboratory/clinical tests and the incidence of PH/ES were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed for the periods 2008-2015 and 2016-2021. RESULTS Overall, 28219 ACHD patients were extracted from the MDV database (females 56.3%, males 43.7%; mean ± standard deviation age 44.7 ± 23.5 years). The mean ± standard deviation follow-up period was 2.5 ± 2.7 years. The frequencies of electrocardiography, ultrasonography, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP), right heart catheterization, and pulmonary function tests (DLCO) were 2149.8, 1054, 1233, 340, 40.0, and 6.0 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The incidence rate of PH/ES was 32.8 per 1000 person-years. The incidence rate of PH/ES increased from 24.6 to 46.7 per 1000 person-years from 2008-2015 to 2016-2021. CONCLUSION We have clarified the frequency of diagnostic tests related to PH/ES and the incidence of PH/ES in patients with ACHD in clinical practice in Japan, including non-specialist institutions for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ishizu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hayashi
- Medical Affairs Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Junichi Omura
- Medical Affairs Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K, Tokyo, Japan
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Wang X, Wang S, Lu Z, Wang W, Wang X. Therapeutic effects of treat and repair strategy in pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and simple congenital heart defects. Pulm Circ 2024; 14:e12387. [PMID: 38751611 PMCID: PMC11095199 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical indications for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and congenital heart defects are controversial. The treat and repair strategy has demonstrated efficacy in adult populations, but there have been no studies on pediatric patients. This study included pediatric patients with PAH and simple congenital heart defects who underwent corrective repair between 2012 and 2021. According to the preoperative treatment strategies, the patients were divided into a regular strategy group (Group 1) and a treat-and-repair strategy group (Group 2). Postoperative recovery and follow-up results were compared between the two groups. A total of 33 patients were included in this study. Group 1 consisted of 19 patients, whereas Group 2 consisted of 14 patients. The pulmonary vascular resistance index in Group 2 was higher than that in Group 1 (10.9 ± 4.1 vs. 8.2 ± 1.6 WU, p = 0.031). There were no differences in postoperative recovery between the two groups (p > 0.05). During follow-up, five patients were lost (three in Group 1 and two in Group 2). The median follow-up period was 59 months. One patient died in Group 1, and two patients died in Group 2. There was no significant difference in the survival curve (p = 0.39). At the last follow-up, another seven patients had experienced a non-low-risk condition, with a total of three non-low-risk patients in Group 1 and seven in Group 2, including one patient in each group who had a history of ICU admission. According to the ROC curve, a preoperative PVRi <8.2 WU×m2 can predict postoperative persistent low-risk state, PVRi <5.2 WU×m2 can avoid postoperative death and/or ICU administration. In pediatric patients with PAH and simple congenital heart defects, the treat and repair strategies may provide surgery opportunities, PVRi should be <8 WU×m2, and <5.2 WU×m2 is the best choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shilin Wang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhongyuan Lu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Demir IH, Celebi A, Ozdemir DM, Yilmaz EH, Bulut MO, Surucu M, Korun O, Aydemir NA, Yucel IK. Utility of Balloon Occlusion Testing in Determining Fontan Suitability Among Patients with Elevated Pulmonary Artery Pressure and Additional Antegrade Pulmonary Blood Flow. Pediatr Cardiol 2024; 45:632-639. [PMID: 38182891 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-023-03380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
In individuals with a single ventricle undergoing evaluation before Fontan surgery, the presence of excessive pulmonary blood flow can contribute to increased pulmonary artery pressure, notably in those who had a Glenn procedure with antegrade pulmonary flow. 28 patients who had previously undergone Glenn anastomosis with antegrade pulmonary blood flow (APBF) and with elevated mean pulmonary artery (mPAP) pressure > 15 mmHg in diagnostic catheter angiography were included in the study. After addressing other anatomical factors that could affect pulmonary artery pressure, APBF was occluded with semi-compliant, Wedge or sizing balloons to measure pulmonary artery pressure accurately. 23 patients (82% of the cohort) advanced to Fontan completion. In this group, median mPAP dropped from 20.5 (IQR 19-22) mmHg to 13 (IQR 12-14) mmHg post-test (p < 0.001). Median PVR post-test was 1.8 (IQR 1.5-2.1) WU m2. SpO2 levels decreased from a median of 88% (IQR 86%-93%) pre-test to 80% (IQR 75%-84%) post-test (p < 0.001). In five patients, elevated mPAP post-test occlusion on diagnostic catheter angiography led to non-completion of Fontan circulation. In this group, median pre- and post-test mPAP were 23 mmHg (IQR 21.5-23.5) and 19 mmHg (IQR 18.5-20), respectively (p = 0.038). Median post-test PVR was 3.8 (IQR 3.6-4.5) WU m2. SpO2 levels decreased from a median of 79% (IQR 76%-81%) pre-test to 77% (IQR 73.5%-80%) post-test (p = 0.039). Our study presents a specialized approach for patients initially deemed unsuitable for Fontan due to elevated pulmonary artery pressures. We were able to successfully complete the Fontan procedure in the majority of these high-risk cases after temporary balloon occlusion test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Halil Demir
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Tıbbiye Street, No: 13 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Celebi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Tıbbiye Street, No: 13 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dursun Muhammed Ozdemir
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Tıbbiye Street, No: 13 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Hekim Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Tıbbiye Street, No: 13 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Orhan Bulut
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Tıbbiye Street, No: 13 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Surucu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Tıbbiye Street, No: 13 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oktay Korun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Numan Ali Aydemir
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Health Sciences Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilker Kemal Yucel
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Tıbbiye Street, No: 13 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Ahmadi A, Sabri MR, Navabi ZS. Effect of face mask on pulmonary artery pressure during echocardiography in children and adolescents. Clin Exp Pediatr 2024; 67:161-167. [PMID: 38271986 PMCID: PMC10915453 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Face masks have become an important tool for preventing the spread of respiratory diseases. However, we hypothesized that face masks with reduced nasal airflow may alter pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP). PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of face masks on PASP in children and adolescents. METHODS This case-control study was conducted between March 2021 and April 2022 at the Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center in Isfahan, Iran. Using a convenience sampling method, a total of 120 children and adolescents, boys and girls aged 3-18 years, were allocated into 2 groups of 60 each (case group with congenital heart disease (CHD), control group of healthy subjects). For each patient in the case and control groups, echocardiography (ECHO), heart rate (HR), and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) were performed and measured twice-once with a surgical mask and once without a surgical mask-by a pediatric cardiologist at 10-min intervals. RESULTS A total of 110 participants were analyzed. The mean patient age was 9.58±3.40 years versus 10.20±4.15 years in the case (n=50) and control (n=60) groups, respectively. Approximately 76.0% (n=38) of the participants in the case group versus 60.0% of those in the control group were male. In the case and control groups, there was a statistically significant reduction in the mean changes in tricuspid regurgitation (P=0.001), pulmonary regurgitation (P=0.002), and PASP (P=0.001) after face mask removal. Although this study showed a reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure after face mask removal in patients with CHD and healthy subjects, no significant changes in HR (P=0.535) or SpO2 (P=0.741) were observed in either group. CONCLUSION Wearing a face mask increased PASP in healthy children and adolescents with CHD; however, the SPO2 and HR remained unchanged. Therefore, mask removal during ECHO is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ahmadi
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sabri
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Sadat Navabi
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Tang L, Zhou X, Guo A, Han L, Pan S. Blockade of ZFX Alleviates Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling by Regulating the YAP Signaling. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:158-170. [PMID: 38310188 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
High expression of the zinc finger X-chromosomal protein (ZFX) correlates with proliferation, aggressiveness, and development in many types of cancers. In the current report, we investigated the efficacy of ZFX in mouse pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation during pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PASMCs were cultured in hypoxic conditions. Real-time PCR and western blotting were conducted to detect the expression of ZFX. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were, respectively, measured by CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound scratchy, and transwell assays. Glycolytic ability was validated by the extracellular acidification rate and oxygen consumption rate. Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to explore the genes affected by ZFX knockdown. Luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were utilized to verify the possible binding site of ZFX and YAP1. Mice were subjected to hypoxia for 21 days to induce PAH. The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was measured and ratio of RV/LV + S was calculated. The results show that ZFX was increased in hypoxia-induced PASMCs and mice. ZFX knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PASMC. Using RNA sequencing, we identify glycolysis and YAP as a key signaling of ZFX. ZFX knockdown inhibited Glycolytic ability. ZFX strengthened the transcription activity of YAP1, thereby regulating the YAP signaling. YAP1 overexpression reversed the effect of ZFX knockdown on hypoxia-treated PASMCs. In conclusion, ZFX knockdown protected mice from hypoxia-induced PAH injury. ZFX knockdown dramatically reduced RVSP and RV/(LV + S) in hypoxia-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hosptial Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hosptial Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hosptial Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhang Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No.107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Silin Pan
- Heart Center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Shandong University, No.217 West Liaoyang Road, Qingdao, 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Qi T, Zhang J, Zhang K, Zhang W, Song Y, Lian K, Kan C, Han F, Hou N, Sun X. Unraveling the role of the FHL family in cardiac diseases: Mechanisms, implications, and future directions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 694:149468. [PMID: 38183876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Heart diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases is essential for the development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The FHL family consists of five members: FHL1, FHL2, FHL3, FHL4, and FHL5/Act. These members exhibit different expression patterns in various tissues including the heart. FHL family proteins are implicated in cardiac remodeling, regulation of metabolic enzymes, and cardiac biomechanical stress perception. A large number of studies have explored the link between FHL family proteins and cardiac disease, skeletal muscle disease, and ovarian metabolism, but a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the specific molecular mechanisms targeting FHL on cardiac disease is lacking. The aim of this review is to explore the structure and function of FHL family members, to comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms by which they regulate the heart, and to explore in depth the changes in FHL family members observed in different cardiac disorders, as well as the effects of mutations in FHL proteins on heart health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongbing Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Yixin Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Kexin Lian
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
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Ahmed DW, Eiken MK, DePalma SJ, Helms AS, Zemans RL, Spence JR, Baker BM, Loebel C. Integrating mechanical cues with engineered platforms to explore cardiopulmonary development and disease. iScience 2023; 26:108472. [PMID: 38077130 PMCID: PMC10698280 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces provide critical biological signals to cells during healthy and aberrant organ development as well as during disease processes in adults. Within the cardiopulmonary system, mechanical forces, such as shear, compressive, and tensile forces, act across various length scales, and dysregulated forces are often a leading cause of disease initiation and progression such as in bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cardiomyopathies. Engineered in vitro models have supported studies of mechanical forces in a number of tissue and disease-specific contexts, thus enabling new mechanistic insights into cardiopulmonary development and disease. This review first provides fundamental examples where mechanical forces operate at multiple length scales to ensure precise lung and heart function. Next, we survey recent engineering platforms and tools that have provided new means to probe and modulate mechanical forces across in vitro and in vivo settings. Finally, the potential for interdisciplinary collaborations to inform novel therapeutic approaches for a number of cardiopulmonary diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donia W. Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Lurie Biomedical Engineering Building, 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Madeline K. Eiken
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Lurie Biomedical Engineering Building, 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Samuel J. DePalma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Lurie Biomedical Engineering Building, 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Adam S. Helms
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rachel L. Zemans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine – Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jason R. Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine – Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brendon M. Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Lurie Biomedical Engineering Building, 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Claudia Loebel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Lurie Biomedical Engineering Building, 1101 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Che Z, O'Donovan S, Xiao X, Wan X, Chen G, Zhao X, Zhou Y, Yin J, Chen J. Implantable Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Cardiovascular Healthcare. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207600. [PMID: 36759957 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have gained significant traction in recent years in the bioengineering community. With the potential for expansive applications for biomedical use, many individuals and research groups have furthered their studies on the topic, in order to gain an understanding of how TENGs can contribute to healthcare. More specifically, there have been a number of recent studies focusing on implantable triboelectric nanogenerators (I-TENGs) toward self-powered cardiac systems healthcare. In this review, the progression of implantable TENGs for self-powered cardiovascular healthcare, including self-powered cardiac monitoring devices, self-powered therapeutic devices, and power sources for cardiac pacemakers, will be systematically reviewed. Long-term expectations of these implantable TENG devices through their biocompatibility and other utilization strategies will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Che
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sarah O'Donovan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xiao Wan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Guorui Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xun Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yihao Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Junyi Yin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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12
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Tsikis ST, Klouda T, Hirsch TI, Fligor SC, Liu T, Kim Y, Pan A, Quigley M, Mitchell PD, Puder M, Yuan K. A pneumonectomy model to study flow-induced pulmonary hypertension and compensatory lung growth. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100613. [PMID: 37827157 PMCID: PMC10626210 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
In newborns, developmental disorders such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and specific types of congenital heart disease (CHD) can lead to defective alveolarization, pulmonary hypoplasia, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Therapeutic options for these patients are limited, emphasizing the need for new animal models representative of disease conditions. In most adult mammals, compensatory lung growth (CLG) occurs after pneumonectomy; however, the underlying relationship between CLG and flow-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) is not fully understood. We propose a murine model that involves the simultaneous removal of the left lung and right caval lobe (extended pneumonectomy), which results in reduced CLG and exacerbated reproducible PH. Extended pneumonectomy in mice is a promising animal model to study the cellular response and molecular mechanisms contributing to flow-induced PH, with the potential to identify new treatments for patients with CDH or PAH-CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savas T Tsikis
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Timothy Klouda
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas I Hirsch
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Scott C Fligor
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tiffany Liu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yunhye Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amy Pan
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mikayla Quigley
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul D Mitchell
- Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark Puder
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Ke Yuan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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13
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Gafranek JT, D'Aniello E, Ravisankar P, Thakkar K, Vagnozzi RJ, Lim HW, Salomonis N, Waxman JS. Sinus venosus adaptation models prolonged cardiovascular disease and reveals insights into evolutionary transitions of the vertebrate heart. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5509. [PMID: 37679366 PMCID: PMC10485058 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
How two-chambered hearts in basal vertebrates have evolved from single-chamber hearts found in ancestral chordates remains unclear. Here, we show that the teleost sinus venosus (SV) is a chamber-like vessel comprised of an outer layer of smooth muscle cells. We find that in adult zebrafish nr2f1a mutants, which lack atria, the SV comes to physically resemble the thicker bulbus arteriosus (BA) at the arterial pole of the heart through an adaptive, hypertensive response involving smooth muscle proliferation due to aberrant hemodynamic flow. Single cell transcriptomics show that smooth muscle and endothelial cell populations within the adapting SV also take on arterial signatures. Bulk transcriptomics of the blood sinuses flanking the tunicate heart reinforce a model of greater equivalency in ancestral chordate BA and SV precursors. Our data simultaneously reveal that secondary complications from congenital heart defects can develop in adult zebrafish similar to those in humans and that the foundation of equivalency between flanking auxiliary vessels may remain latent within basal vertebrate hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Gafranek
- Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Enrico D'Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Padmapriyadarshini Ravisankar
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Kairavee Thakkar
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Ronald J Vagnozzi
- Division of Cardiology, Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation (CFReT), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Hee-Woong Lim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Joshua S Waxman
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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14
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Dougherty EJ, Chen LY, Awad KS, Ferreyra GA, Demirkale CY, Keshavarz A, Gairhe S, Johnston KA, Hicks ME, Sandler AB, Curran CS, Krack JM, Ding Y, Suffredini AF, Solomon MA, Elinoff JM, Danner RL. Inflammation and DKK1-induced AKT activation contribute to endothelial dysfunction following NR2F2 loss. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L783-L798. [PMID: 37039367 PMCID: PMC10202490 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00171.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
NR2F2 is expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) and Nr2f2 knockout produces lethal cardiovascular defects. In humans, reduced NR2F2 expression is associated with cardiovascular diseases including congenital heart disease and atherosclerosis. Here, NR2F2 silencing in human primary ECs led to inflammation, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), proliferation, hypermigration, apoptosis-resistance, and increased production of reactive oxygen species. These changes were associated with STAT and AKT activation along with increased production of DKK1. Co-silencing DKK1 and NR2F2 prevented NR2F2-loss-induced STAT and AKT activation and reversed EndMT. Serum DKK1 concentrations were elevated in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and DKK1 was secreted by ECs in response to in vitro loss of either BMPR2 or CAV1, which are genetic defects associated with the development of PAH. In human primary ECs, NR2F2 suppressed DKK1, whereas its loss conversely induced DKK1 and disrupted endothelial homeostasis, promoting phenotypic abnormalities associated with pathologic vascular remodeling. Activating NR2F2 or blocking DKK1 may be useful therapeutic targets for treating chronic vascular diseases associated with EC dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY NR2F2 loss in the endothelial lining of blood vessels is associated with cardiovascular disease. Here, NR2F2-silenced human endothelial cells were inflammatory, proliferative, hypermigratory, and apoptosis-resistant with increased oxidant stress and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. DKK1 was induced in NR2F2-silenced endothelial cells, while co-silencing NR2F2 and DKK1 prevented NR2F2-loss-associated abnormalities in endothelial signaling and phenotype. Activating NR2F2 or blocking DKK1 may be useful therapeutic targets for treating vascular diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Dougherty
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Li-Yuan Chen
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Keytam S Awad
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Gabriela A Ferreyra
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Cumhur Y Demirkale
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Ali Keshavarz
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Salina Gairhe
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Kathryn A Johnston
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Madelyn E Hicks
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Alexis B Sandler
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Colleen S Curran
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Janell M Krack
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Yi Ding
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Anthony F Suffredini
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Michael A Solomon
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Jason M Elinoff
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Robert L Danner
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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15
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High throughput mutation screening of cardiac transcription factor GATA4 among Tanzania children with congenital heart diseases. THE NUCLEUS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-022-00414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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16
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CTLA-4 Expression Is a Promising Biomarker of Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Allows Differentiation of the Type of Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415910. [PMID: 36555549 PMCID: PMC9783197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an increasingly frequently diagnosed disease, the molecular mechanisms of which have not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of our study was to investigate subpopulations of lymphocytes to better understand their role in the molecular pathomechanisms of various types of PAH and to find a suitable biomarker that could be useful in the differential diagnosis of PAH. Using flow cytometry, we measured the frequencies of lymphocyte subpopulations CD4+CTLA-4+, CD8+ CTLA-4+ and CD19+ CTLA-4+ in patients with different types of PAH, namely pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH), pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with connective tissue disorders (CTD-PAH), chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (iPAH), and in an age- and sex-matched control group in relation to selected clinical parameters. Patients in the iPAH group had the significantly highest percentage of CD4+CTLA-4+ T lymphocytes among all PAH groups, as compared to those in the control group (p < 0.001), patients with CTEPH (p < 0.001), CTD-PAH (p < 0.001) and CHD-PAH (p < 0.01). In iPAH patients, the percentages of CD4+CTLA-4+ T cells correlated strongly positively with the severity of heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification (r = 0.7077, p < 0.001). Moreover, the percentage of B CD19+CTLA-4+ cells strongly positively correlated with the concentration of NT-proBNP (r = 0.8498, p < 0.001). We have shown that statistically significantly higher percentages of CD4+CTLA-4+ (p ≤ 0.01) and CD8+ CTLA-4+ (p ≤ 0.001) T cells, measured at the time of iPAH diagnosis, were found in patients who died within 5 years of the diagnosis, which allows us to consider both of the above lymphocyte subpopulations as a negative prognostic/predictive factor in iPAH. CTLA-4 may be a promising biomarker of noninvasive detection of iPAH, but its role in planning the treatment strategy of PAH remains unclear. Further studies on T and B lymphocyte subsets are needed in different types of PAH to ascertain the relationships that exist between them and the disease.
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17
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Hu J, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Liu J, Peng P. A Risk Prediction Model of Serious Adverse Events After Cardiac Catheterization for Chinese Adults Patients with Moderate and Severe Congenital Heart Disease. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:415. [PMID: 39076665 PMCID: PMC11270449 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2312415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There are almost 2 million adult patients with congenital heart disease in China, and the number of moderate and severe patients is increasing. However, few studies have investigated the risk of serious adverse events (SAE) after catheterization among them. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for SAE related to cardiac catheterization and to provide the risk scoring model for predicting SAE. Methods A total of 690 patients with moderate and severe adult patients with congenital heart disease (ACHD) who underwent cardiac catheterization in Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology from January 2018 to January 2022 were retrospectively collected and subsequently divided into a modeling group and a verification group. A univariate analysis was performed on the identified SAE risk factors, and then significant factors were included in the multivariate logistic regression model to screen for independent predictors of SAE. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to evaluate the discrimination and calibration of the model, respectively. Results A SAE occurred in 69 (10.0%) of the 690 catheterization procedures meeting inclusion criteria. The established SAE risk calculation formula was logit(p) = -6.134 + 0.992 × pulmonary artery hypertension (yes) + 1.459 × disease severity (severe) + 2.324 × procedure type (diagnostic and interventional) + 1.436 × cTnI ( ≥ 0.028 μ g/L) + 1.537 × NT-proBNP ( ≥ 126.65 pg/mL). The total score of the final risk score model based on the effect size of each predictor was 0 to 7, involving pulmonary artery hypertension (1 point), disease severity (1 point), procedure type (2 points), cTnI (1 point) and NT-proBNP (2 points), and the score greater than 3 means high risk. The C-statistic of the area under the ROC curve was 0.840 and 0.911 for the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. According to the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, the p values in the modeling group and the verification group were 0.064 and 0.868, respectively. Conclusions The risk prediction model developed in this study has high discrimination and calibration, which can provide reference for clinical prediction and evaluation of SAE risk after cardiac catheterization in patients with moderate and severe ACHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanzhou Hu
- Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430065 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yinghong Zhang
- Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430065 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430022 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430065 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Pan Peng
- Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430065 Wuhan, Hubei, China
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18
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The Effects of Sequential Ventilation Therapy on Blood Gas Indexes, Pulmonary Function Indexes, Clinical Efficacy, and Safety in Patients with Severe Cor Pulmonale. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:3618592. [PMID: 36277594 PMCID: PMC9568355 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3618592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
As a heart disease caused by pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary heart disease has a high incidence and poor clinical prognosis in the elderly. Including mechanical ventilation in the current clinical treatment of cor pulmonale, with the development of medical technology, traditional invasive mechanical ventilation has been pointed out to have certain clinical limitations, so new invasive and noninvasive sequential ventilation treatments are gradually being used. Applied in clinical practice, this article selected 96 patients with severe cor pulmonale in our hospital from January 2020 to May 2021 as the research object and conducted a randomized prospective study. The experimental results show that the two general methods can improve the blood gas index and pulmonary function index of patients with heart disease and pulmonary dysfunction, but the improvement of the above indexes by the sequence of action of gas therapy is better than that of conventional invasive mechanical ventilation.
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Zhou JJ, Yang J, Li L, Quan RL, Chen XX, Qian YL, Huang L, Wang PH, Li Y, Meng XM, Chen X, Gu Q, He JG. Transgelin exacerbates pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell dysfunction in shunt-related pulmonary arterial hypertension. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:3407-3417. [PMID: 35841124 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Orchestrating the transition from reversible medial hypertrophy to irreversible plexiform lesions is crucial for pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH). Transgelin is an actin-binding protein that modulates pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to probe the molecular mechanism and biological function of transgelin in the pathogenesis of CHD-PAH. METHODS AND RESULTS Transgelin expression was detected in lung tissues from both CHD-PAH patients and monocrotaline (MCT)-plus aortocaval (AV)-induced PAH rats by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, the effects of transgelin on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of human PASMCs (HPASMCs) were evaluated by the cell count and EdU assays, transwell migration assay, and TUNEL assay, respectively. And the effect of transgelin on the expression of HPASMC phenotype markers was assessed by the immunoblotting assay. (i) Compared with the normal control group (n = 12), transgelin expression was significantly overexpressed in the pulmonary arterioles of the reversible (n = 15) and irreversible CHD-PAH group (n = 4) (reversible group vs. control group: 18.2 ± 5.1 vs. 13.6 ± 2.6%, P < 0.05; irreversible group vs. control group: 29.9 ± 4.7 vs. 13.6 ± 2.6%, P < 0.001; irreversible group vs. reversible group: 29.9 ± 4.7 vs. 18.2 ± 5.1, P < 0.001). This result was further confirmed in MCT-AV-induced PAH rats. Besides, the transgelin expression level was positively correlated with the pathological grading of pulmonary arteries in CHD-PAH patients (r = 0.48, P = 0.03, n = 19). (ii) Compared with the normal control group (n = 12), TGF-β1 expression was notably overexpressed in the pulmonary arterioles of the reversible (n = 15) and irreversible CHD-PAH group (n = 4) (reversible group vs. control group: 14.8 ± 4.4 vs. 6.0 ± 2.5%, P < 0.001; irreversible group vs. control group: 20.1 ± 4.4 vs. 6.0 ± 2.5%, P < 0.001; irreversible group vs. reversible group: 20.1 ± 4.4 vs. 14.8 ± 4.4, P < 0.01). The progression-dependent correlation between TGF-β1 and transgelin was demonstrated in CHD-PAH patients (r = 0.48, P = 0.04, n = 19) and MCT-AV-induced PAH rats, which was further confirmed at sub-cellular levels. (iii) Knockdown of transgelin diminished proliferation, migration, apoptosis resistance, and phenotypic transformation of HPASMCs through repressing the TGF-β1 signalling pathway. On the contrary, transgelin overexpression resulted in the opposite effects. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that transgelin may be an indicator of CHD-PAH development via boosting HPASMC dysfunction through positive regulation of the TGF-β1 signalling pathway, as well as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CHD-PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Fetal Heart Disease & Echocardiography Department, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Lin Quan
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Chen
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ling Qian
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-He Wang
- The Animal Experimental Centre, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- The Animal Experimental Centre, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Min Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Emergency Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Vascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Bansal N, Magoon R, Kalaiselvan J, Shri I, Kohli JK, Kashav RC. Inhaled Milrinone via HFNC as a Postextubation Cardiopulmonary Elixir: Case Series and Review of Literature. JOURNAL OF CARDIAC CRITICAL CARE TSS 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) often complicates perioperative course following pediatric cardiac surgery, often presenting unique challenges to the attending cardiac anesthesiologist. Apart from difficult weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, PH can often compound weaning from mechanical ventilation in this postoperative subset. From pathophysiological standpoint, the former can be attributed to concurrent detrimental cardiopulmonary consequences of PH as a multisystemic syndrome. Therefore, with an objective to address the affected systems, that is, cardiac and pulmonary simultaneously, we report combined use of inhaled milrinone (a pulmonary vasodilator) through high-frequency nasal cannula (oxygen reservoir and continuous positive airway pressure delivery device), purported to complement each other's mechanism of action in the management of PH, thereby hastening postoperative recovery. This article additionally presents a nuanced perspective on the advantages of combining the aforementioned therapies and hence proposing the same as a possible “postoperative cardiopulmonary elixir.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Bansal
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohan Magoon
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaffrey Kalaiselvan
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Iti Shri
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Jasvinder Kaur Kohli
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Chand Kashav
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India
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Progressive Dyspnea in a Woman with Congenital Heart Disease and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2022; 19:1221-1225. [PMID: 35772094 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202110-1109cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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22
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Bansal N, Magoon R, Kalaiselvan J, ItiShri I, Kohli JK, Kashav RC. Inhaled Milrinone via HFNC as a Postextubation Cardiopulmonary Elixir: Case Series and Review of Literature. JOURNAL OF CARDIAC CRITICAL CARE TSS 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) often complicates perioperative course following pediatric cardiac surgery, often presenting unique challenges to the attending cardiac anesthesiologist. Apart from difficult weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, PH can often compound weaning from mechanical ventilation in this postoperative subset. From pathophysiological standpoint, the former can be attributed to concurrent detrimental cardiopulmonary consequences of PH as a multisystemic syndrome. Therefore, with an objective to address the affected systems, that is, cardiac and pulmonary simultaneously, we report combined use of inhaled milrinone (a pulmonary vasodilator) through high-frequency nasal cannula (oxygen reservoir and continuous positive airway pressure delivery device), purported to complement each other's mechanism of action in the management of PH, thereby hastening postoperative recovery. The article additionally presents a nuanced perspective on the advantages of combining the aforementioned therapies and hence proposing the same as a possible “postoperative cardiopulmonary elixir.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Bansal
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohan Magoon
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaffrey Kalaiselvan
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - ItiShri ItiShri
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jasvinder Kaur Kohli
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Chand Kashav
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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23
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Congenital Heart Disease: The State-of-the-Art on Its Pharmacological Therapeutics. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9070201. [PMID: 35877563 PMCID: PMC9316572 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9070201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is one of the most common causes of death derived from malformations. Historically, its treatment has depended on timely diagnosis and early pharmacological and surgical interventions. Survival rates for patients with this disease have increased, primarily due to advancements in therapeutic choices, but mortality remains high. Since this disease is a time-sensitive pathology, pharmacological interventions are needed to improve clinical outcomes. Therefore, we analyzed the applications, dosage, and side effects of drugs currently used for treating congenital heart disease. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, and potassium-sparing diuretics have shown a mortality benefit in most patients. Other therapies, such as endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, prostaglandins, and soluble guanylyl cyclase stimulators, have benefited patients with pulmonary artery hypertension. Likewise, the adjunctive symptomatic treatment of these patients has further improved the outcomes, since antiarrhythmics, digoxin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have shown their benefits in these cases. Conclusively, these drugs also carry the risk of troublesome adverse effects, such as electrolyte imbalances and hemodynamic compromise. However, their benefits for survival, symptom improvement, and stabilization outweigh the possible complications from their use. Thus, cases must be assessed individually to accurately identify interventions that would be most beneficial for patients.
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Han F, Chen Y, Li S, Yang Y, Bai Z. Advances in the Study of Inhaled Formulations for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:6495645. [PMID: 35694279 PMCID: PMC9184198 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6495645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious disease with reduced systemic circulation and low bioavailability associated with conventional and dosed therapy, which inhaled drugs can avoid. A mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of ≥25 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) at rest or ≥30 mmHg during exercise and a pulmonary capillary pressure or left atrial pressure (PLA) of ≤15 mmHg can be diagnosed with PAH. Pulmonary hypertension is classified into primary PAH and secondary PAH according to the presence or absence of principles or risk factors. The main symptoms of pulmonary hypertension include dyspnoea, syncope, weakness, chest pain, and the presence of varying degrees of peripheral oedema. It is a highly pathogenic and life-threatening disease and can lead to delays in treatment if not diagnosed in time. In the past few years, the studies related to this progressed slowly, which brought great harm to patients with PAH. Reports showed that patients diagnosed with PAH should receive routine preventative care, such as pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations. Inhalation therapy is mainly used for the treatment of respiratory diseases and is of great interest due to the concentration of the drug in the airways and lung tissues. Therefore, the present situation of pulmonary hypertension and the characteristics of inhalation preparation were reviewed in this paper to provide some related cue for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. In the future, it is necessary to develop more treatment methods for pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yongqi Chen
- Zhuhai Resproly Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yankun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Liu ZQ, Cheng M, Fu F, Li R, Han J, Yang X, Deng Q, Li LS, Lei TY, Li DZ, Liao C. Identification of differential microRNAs and messenger RNAs resulting from ASXL transcriptional regulator 3 knockdown during during heart development. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9948-9961. [PMID: 35435106 PMCID: PMC9161854 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect. Although ASXL transcriptional regulator 3 (ASXL3) has been reported to cause hereditary CHD, ASXL3-mediated mechanisms in heart development remain unclear. In this study, we used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to induce differentiation in P19 cells, observed cell morphology using light microscopy after ASXL3 knockdown, and determined the levels of associated myocardial cell markers using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Subsequently, we used microRNA sequencing, messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing, and bioinformatics to initially identify the possible mechanisms through which ASXL3-related microRNAs and mRNAs affect heart development. The results indicated that DMSO induced P19 cell differentiation, which could be inhibited by ASXL3 knockdown. We screened 1214 and 1652 differentially expressed microRNAs and mRNAs, respectively, through ASXL3 knockdown and sequencing; these differentially expressed miRNAs were largely enriched in PI3K-Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Rap1 signaling pathways. Additionally, 11 miRNAs associated with heart development were selected through a literature review. Our analysis indicated the involvement of mmu-miR-323-3p in P19 cell differentiation through the PI3K-Akt pathway. In conclusion, ASXL3 may be involved in the regulation of heart development. This comprehensive study of differentially expressed microRNAs and mRNAs through ASXL3 knockdown in P19 cells provides new insights that may aid the prevention and treatment of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Qun Liu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Mi Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Fang Fu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Ru Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Qiong Deng
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Lu-Shan Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Ting-Ying Lei
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
| | - Can Liao
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangzhouGuangdong, China
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Nova R, Putra ST, Nurmaini S, Partan RU. The Association between NTproBNP Biomarker Levels and Clinical Symptoms of Cardiac Septal Defects in Children. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In a cardiac septal defect, there is left-to-right shunt at the atrial, ventricle level, or both. This causes clinical symptoms of heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, or malnutrition. NTproBNP is synthesized and released into the circulation by the ventricular myocytes in response to pressure, volume overload, and increase in myocardial wall stress.
AIM: This study aims to evaluate relationship between NTproBNP levels and clinical symptoms of cardiac septal defect.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to August 2021 at Moh Husin Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia. The presence of heart failure was determined using the modified Ross score. Nutritional status was defined on anthropometric measurement, and data were plot to weight to height Z-score chart. The presence of pulmonary hypertension was measured by Doppler echocardiography.
RESULTS: A total of 75 cardiac septal defect patients were included in this study. A similar plasma NTproBNP of 554 pg/ml was determined as the cut-off point for predicting heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, with a sensitivity of 57.1% and 54.5%, specificity of 85% and 80.9%, with area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of 0.706 and 0.716 respectively. For malnutrition, plasma NTproBNP of 429 pg/ml was found to have sensitivity, specificity, and area under ROC of 54.3%, 77.5%, and 0.640, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression showed that NTproBNP >554 pg/ml and >429 pg/ml had a 6-fold higher odds of having heart failure, an 8-fold higher odds of having pulmonary hypertension, and a 4-fold odds of having malnutrition.
CONCLUSION: NTproBNP is a biomarker that is strong enough to predict clinical symptoms of heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and malnutrition in children with cardiac septal defect.
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Li Y, Yang H, Xue H, Wei Y, Qian Y. Simulation of Cardiac Flow under the Septal Defect Based on Lattice Boltzmann Method. ENTROPY 2022; 24:e24020187. [PMID: 35205482 PMCID: PMC8871033 DOI: 10.3390/e24020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the lattice Boltzmann method was used to simulate the cardiac flow in children with aseptal defect. The inner wall model of the heart was reconstructed from 210 computed tomography scans. By simulating and comparing the cardiac flow field, the pressure field, the blood oxygen content, and the distribution of entropy generation before and after an operation, the effects of septal defect on pulmonary hypertension(PH), cyanosis, and heart load were analyzed in detail. It is found that the atrial septal defect(ASD) of the child we analyzed had a great influence on the blood oxygen content in the pulmonary artery, which leads to lower efficiency of oxygen binding in the lungs and increases the burden on the heart. At the same time, it also significantly enhanced the entropy generation rate of the cardiac flow, which also leads to a higher heart load. However, the main cause of PH is not ASD, but ventricular septal defect (VSD). Meanwhile, it significantly reduced the blood oxygen content in the brachiocephalic trunk, but rarely affects the blood oxygen contents in the downstream left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery, and descending aorta are not significantly affected by VSD. It causes severe cyanosis on the face and lips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdao Wang
- State-Province Joint Engineering Lab of Fluid Transmission System Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Xiandong Zhang
- State-Province Joint Engineering Lab of Fluid Transmission System Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yumeng Li
- State-Province Joint Engineering Lab of Fluid Transmission System Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hui Yang
- State-Province Joint Engineering Lab of Fluid Transmission System Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Haihong Xue
- Department of Pediatric, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yikun Wei
- State-Province Joint Engineering Lab of Fluid Transmission System Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuehong Qian
- School of Mathematical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
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28
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Numata R, Takigiku K, Takei K. Clinical impact of subcutaneous treprostinil in trisomy 21 patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with CHD. Cardiol Young 2022; 32:1-3. [PMID: 35000655 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951121005096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Subcutaneous treprostinil is commonly used to improve idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension in children. However, its effectiveness has not been reported in trisomy 21. We report the case of 9-year-old boy in trisomy 21 with CHD-pulmonary artery hypertension after surgical correction of CHD. Haemodynamics and exercise capacity dramatically improved with a transition from oral selexipag to subcutaneous treprostinil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Numata
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Takigiku
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kouta Takei
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Nagano, Japan
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Li JW, Guo LW, Tao SY, Deng YH, Yang C, Qiao F. Analysis of healthcare-associated infection in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease in PICU: Evidence from a tertiary hospital in western China. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1076618. [PMID: 36619502 PMCID: PMC9811260 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1076618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study intends to analyze the targeted surveillance and risk factors for healthcare-associated infection (HAI) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH) in a Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and provide basis for formulating relevant prevention and control measures of HAI. METHODS Children (≤14 years old) who were admitted to the PICU for ≥2 calendar days from January 2018 to December 2021 were included. Targeted surveillance of HAI was described. RESULTS A total of 7,828 patients in PICU were monitored, and the total hospitalization days of the patients were 36,174. 108 cases of HAI occurred, with a per-case infection rate of 1.38% and a per-thousand day infection rate of 2.99. 1,129 patients with CHD-PAH were included, among which the total hospitalization days were 1,483. In this subpopulation, 38 cases of HAI were diagnosed, with a per-case infection rate of 3.37% and a per-thousand day infection rate of 25.62. The main site of HAI was lower respiratory tract (43.51%), followed by blood infection (34.26%) and surgical site infection (9.26%). 36 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from patients with HAI. The top three pathogens with the highest detection rate were Klebsiella pneumoniae (6 episodes, 16.67%), Enterococcus faecium (6 episodes, 16.67%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (4 episodes, 11.11%). The incidence of VAP, CAUTI and CLABSI was 2.78, 0.08 and 1.66 per 1,000 catheter days respectively. Analysis revealed that patients with CHD-PAH were younger and prone to receive surgical corrections. CHD-PAH could significantly increase the length of ICU stay, ventilator days, times of central venous catheterization and central venous catheterization days. The choice of different central venous catheter types differed significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSION Patients with CHD-PAH are characterized with excessive central venous catheterization operations, prolonged indwelling time, and more types of catheterization, which are considered to be risk factors for HAI, thus increasing the length of hospital stay. The clinical etiology is mainly G-bacteria, which requires reasonable selection of antibiotics and strict aseptic operation. Limiting unnecessary invasive procedures is helpful for reducing the incidence of postoperative HAI in PICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Li
- Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Wen Guo
- Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tao
- Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Hua Deng
- Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Qiao
- Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Sehgal M, Amritphale A, Vadayla S, Mulekar M, Batra M, Amritphale N, Batten LA, Vidal R. Demographics and Risk Factors of Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension Readmissions. Cureus 2021; 13:e18994. [PMID: 34853737 PMCID: PMC8608354 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Pulmonary hypertension (PH) leads to significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients and increases the readmission rates for hospitalizations. This study evaluates the risk factors and comorbidities associated with an increase in 30-day readmissions among pediatric PH patients. METHODS National Readmission Database (NRD) 2017 was searched for patients less than 18 years of age who were diagnosed with PH based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software v25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Of 5.52 million pediatric encounters, 10,501 patients met the selection criteria. The 30-day readmission rate of 14.43% (p < 0.001) was higher than hospitalizations from other causes {Odds Ratio (OR) 4.02 (3.84-4.20), p < 0.001}. The comorbidities of sepsis {OR 0.75 (0.64-0.89), p < 0.02} and respiratory infections {OR 0.75 (0.67-0.85), p < 0.001} were observed to be associated with lower 30-day readmissions. Patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation via endotracheal tube {OR 1.66 (1.4-1.96), p < 0.001} or tracheostomy tube {OR 1.35 (1.15-1.6), p < 0.001} had increased unplanned readmissions. Patients with higher severity of illness based on All Patients Refined Diagnosis Related Groups (APR-DRG) were more likely to get readmitted {OR 7.66 (3.13-18.76), p < 0.001}. CONCLUSION PH was associated with increased readmission rates compared to the other pediatric diagnoses, but the readmission rate in this study was lower than one previous pediatric study. Invasive mechanical ventilation, Medicaid insurance, higher severity of illness, and female gender were associated with a higher likelihood of readmission within 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Sehgal
- Pediatric Critical Care, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, USA
| | - Amod Amritphale
- Cardiology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, USA
| | - Shashank Vadayla
- Computational Analysis and Modelling, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, USA
| | - Madhuri Mulekar
- Mathematics and Statistics, University of South Alabama, Mobile, USA
| | - Mansi Batra
- Pediatrics, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, USA
| | - Nupur Amritphale
- Pediatrics, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, USA
| | - Lynn A Batten
- Pediatric Cardiology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, USA
| | - Rosa Vidal
- Pediatric Critical Care, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, USA
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31
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Zuraini NZA, Sekar M, Wu YS, Gan SH, Bonam SR, Mat Rani NNI, Begum MY, Lum PT, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S. Promising Nutritional Fruits Against Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Experimental Evidence and Understanding Their Mechanisms of Action. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2021; 17:739-769. [PMID: 34858028 PMCID: PMC8631183 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s328096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries, affecting millions of individuals each year. Despite the fact that successful therapeutic drugs for the management and treatment of CVDs are available on the market, nutritional fruits appear to offer the greatest benefits to the heart and have been proved to alleviate CVDs. Experimental studies have also demonstrated that nutritional fruits have potential protective effects against CVDs. The aim of the review was to provide a comprehensive summary of scientific evidence on the effect of 10 of the most commonly available nutritional fruits reported against CVDs and describe the associated mechanisms of action. Relevant literatures were searched and collected from several scientific databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus. In the context of CVDs, 10 commonly consumed nutritious fruits including apple, avocado, grapes, mango, orange, kiwi, pomegranate, papaya, pineapple, and watermelon were analysed and addressed. The cardioprotective mechanisms of the 10 nutritional fruits were also compiled and highlighted. Overall, the present review found that the nutritious fruits and their constituents have significant benefits for the management and treatment of CVDs such as myocardial infarction, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, dyslipidemias, ischemic stroke, aortic aneurysm, atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, diabetic cardiovascular complications, drug-induced cardiotoxicity and cardiomyopathy. Among the 10 nutritional fruits, pomegranate and grapes have been well explored, and the mechanisms of action are well documented against CVDs. All of the nutritional fruits mentioned are edible and readily accessible on the market. Consuming these fruits, which may contain varying amounts of active constituents depending on the food source and season, the development of nutritious fruits-based health supplements would be more realistic for consistent CVD protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Zulaikha Azwa Zuraini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherché des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - M Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Asir-Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia
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Williams JL, Torok RD, D'Ottavio A, Spears T, Chiswell K, Forestieri NE, Sang CJ, Paolillo JA, Walsh MJ, Hoffman TM, Kemper AR, Li JS. Causes of Death in Infants and Children with Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2021; 42:1308-1315. [PMID: 33890132 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-021-02612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
With improved surgical outcomes, infants and children with congenital heart disease (CHD) may die from other causes of death (COD) other than CHD. We sought to describe the COD in youth with CHD in North Carolina (NC). Patients from birth to 20 years of age with a healthcare encounter between 2008 and 2013 in NC were identified by ICD-9 code. Patients who could be linked to a NC death certificate between 2008 and 2016 were included. Patients were divided by CHD subtypes (severe, shunt, valve, other). COD was compared between groups. Records of 35,542 patients < 20 years old were evaluated. There were 15,277 infants with an annual mortality rate of 3.5 deaths per 100 live births. The most frequent COD in infants (age < 1 year) were CHD (31.7%), lung disease (16.1%), and infection (11.4%). In 20,265 children (age 1 to < 20 years), there was annual mortality rate of 9.7 deaths per 1000 at risk. The most frequent COD in children were CHD (34.2%), neurologic disease (10.2%), and infection (9.5%). In the severe subtype, CHD was the most common COD. In infants with shunt-type CHD disease, lung disease (19.5%) was the most common COD. The mortality rate in infants was three times higher when compared to children. CHD is the most common underlying COD, but in those with shunt-type lesions, extra-cardiac COD is more common. A multidisciplinary approach in CHD patients, where development of best practice models regarding comorbid conditions such as lung disease and neurologic disease could improve outcomes in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3090, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Rachel D Torok
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3090, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Alfred D'Ottavio
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3090, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Tracy Spears
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3090, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Karen Chiswell
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3090, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Nina E Forestieri
- North Carolina Division of Public Health, Birth Defects Monitoring Program, State Center for Health Statistics, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Charlie J Sang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Vidant Medical Center, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Joseph A Paolillo
- Sanger Heart and Vascular Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Walsh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Timothy M Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alex R Kemper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Primary Care Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer S Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3090, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3090, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Feng D, Christensen JT, Yetman AT, Lindsey ML, Singh AB, Salomon JD. The microbiome’s relationship with congenital heart disease: more than a gut feeling. JOURNAL OF CONGENITAL CARDIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40949-021-00060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractPatients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for developing intestinal dysbiosis and intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction due to abnormal gut perfusion or hypoxemia in the context of low cardiac output or cyanosis. Intestinal dysbiosis may contribute to systemic inflammation thereby worsening clinical outcomes in this patient population. Despite significant advances in the management and survival of patients with CHD, morbidity remains significant and questions have arisen as to the role of the microbiome in the inflammatory process. Intestinal dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction experienced in this patient population are increasingly implicated in critical illness. This review highlights possible CHD-microbiome interactions, illustrates underlying signaling mechanisms, and discusses future directions and therapeutic translation of the basic research.
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Abstract
The number of rTOF patients who survive into adulthood is steadily rising, with currently more than 90% reaching the third decade of life. However, rTOF patients are not cured, but rather have a lifelong increased risk for cardiac and non-cardiac complications. Heart failure is recognized as a significant complication. Its occurrence is strongly associated with adverse outcome. Unfortunately, conventional concepts of heart failure may not be directly applicable in this patient group. This article presents a review of the current knowledge on HF in rTOF patients, including incidence and prevalence, the most common mechanisms of heart failure, i.e., valvular pathologies, shunt lesions, left atrial hypertension, primary left heart and right heart failure, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. In addition, we will review information regarding extracardiac complications, risk factors for the development of heart failure, clinical impact and prognosis, and assessment possibilities, particularly of the right ventricle, as well as management strategies. We explore potential future concepts that may stimulate further research into this field.
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Pulmonary Hypertension in Acute and Chronic High Altitude Maladaptation Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041692. [PMID: 33578749 PMCID: PMC7916528 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar hypoxia is the most prominent feature of high altitude environment with well-known consequences for the cardio-pulmonary system, including development of pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary hypertension due to an exaggerated hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction contributes to high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), a life-threatening disorder, occurring at high altitudes in non-acclimatized healthy individuals. Despite a strong physiologic rationale for using vasodilators for prevention and treatment of HAPE, no systematic studies of their efficacy have been conducted to date. Calcium-channel blockers are currently recommended for drug prophylaxis in high-risk individuals with a clear history of recurrent HAPE based on the extensive clinical experience with nifedipine in HAPE prevention in susceptible individuals. Chronic exposure to hypoxia induces pulmonary vascular remodeling and development of pulmonary hypertension, which places an increased pressure load on the right ventricle leading to right heart failure. Further, pulmonary hypertension along with excessive erythrocytosis may complicate chronic mountain sickness, another high altitude maladaptation disorder. Importantly, other causes than hypoxia may potentially underlie and/or contribute to pulmonary hypertension at high altitude, such as chronic heart and lung diseases, thrombotic or embolic diseases. Extensive clinical experience with drugs in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension suggests their potential for treatment of high altitude pulmonary hypertension. Small studies have demonstrated their efficacy in reducing pulmonary artery pressure in high altitude residents. However, no drugs have been approved to date for the therapy of chronic high altitude pulmonary hypertension. This work provides a literature review on the role of pulmonary hypertension in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic high altitude maladaptation disorders and summarizes current knowledge regarding potential treatment options.
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Li G, Zhang H, Fan X, Su J. Pulmonary artery banding in patients with functional single ventricle associated with pulmonary hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 43:328-333. [PMID: 33541150 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.1883048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: To assess the impact of our surgical strategy for the treatment of patients with functional single ventricle and pulmonary hypertension, especially in patients>24 months old.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 97 patients with functional single ventricle and pulmonary hypertension undergoing pulmonary artery banding (PAB) in our hospital between April 2010 and December 2018. The surgical results, transition to Glenn operation and subsequent transition to Fontan operation were analyzed.Results: The 97 patients underwent PAB included 34 patients>24 months old, hospital mortality was 2.1% (2/97). 62 patients underwent the second-stage Glenn operation, and 21 patients underwent third-stage Fontan operation. On competing risk analysis, at 80 months after PAB, 81% had undergone the Glenn operation, and 13% were awaiting the Glenn operation. At 35 months after the Glenn operation, 2% of patients had died, 63% had undergone the Fontan operation, and 36% were awaiting the Fontan operation.Conclusion: PAB is an acceptable strategy for patients with functional single ventricle associated with pulmonary hypertension. Outcomes and results of subsequent Glenn and Fontan procedures are generally good included patients>24 months. Accompanied with unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect for lower ratio of transition to Glenn and Fontan operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Pediatric Cardiac Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Pediatric Cardiac Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangming Fan
- Pediatric Cardiac Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junwu Su
- Pediatric Cardiac Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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Alakhfash AA, Alqwaiee A, Alakhfash GA, Alhajjaj A, Almesned AA. Pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease; clinical decision scenario. Respir Med Case Rep 2020; 31:101286. [PMID: 33294357 PMCID: PMC7683341 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) is one type under group 1 PH. Undiagnosed or delayed diagnosis of significant CHD might lead to significant PAH and at the end might lead to Eisenmenger syndrome. We could expect the degree of PAH in patients with CHD by proper clinical assessment as well as by the basic assessment tools including the chest x-ray (CXR), ECG, and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). We are presenting a three and half years old child with a delayed/missed diagnosis of large patent ductus arteries (PDA) who present with significant PAH. Clinical evaluation, CXR, ECG, TTE, as well as cardiac catheterization data are presented, with a review of the current guidelines regarding the management of pediatric patients with PAH-CHD.
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Key Words
- APW, Aortopulmonary window
- BPD, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- CHD, Congenital Heart Disease
- Congenital heart defects
- PAH, Pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PCW, pulmonary capillary wedge
- PDA closure
- PDA, Patent ductus arteriosus
- PH, Pulmonary hypertension
- PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension
- Qp, pulmonary blood flow
- Qs, Systemic blood flow
- SVR, Systemic vascular resistance
- VSD, Ventricular septal defect
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Alakhfash
- Consultant Pediatric Cardiologist, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alqwaiee
- Consultant Pediatric Cardiologist, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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Jiang WF, Xu YJ, Zhao CM, Wang XH, Qiu XB, Liu X, Wu SH, Yang YQ. A novel TBX5 mutation predisposes to familial cardiac septal defects and atrial fibrillation as well as bicuspid aortic valve. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20200142. [PMID: 33306779 PMCID: PMC7783509 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TBX5 has been linked to Holt-Oram syndrome, with congenital heart defect (CHD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) being two major cardiac phenotypes. However, the prevalence of a TBX5 variation in patients with CHD and AF remains obscure. In this research, by sequencing analysis of TBX5 in 178 index patients with both CHD and AF, a novel heterozygous variation, NM_000192.3: c.577G>T; p.(Gly193*), was identified in one index patient with CHD and AF as well as bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), with an allele frequency of approximately 0.28%. Genetic analysis of the proband's pedigree showed that the variation co-segregated with the diseases. The pathogenic variation was not detected in 292 unrelated healthy subjects. Functional analysis by using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system showed that the Gly193*-mutant TBX5 protein failed to transcriptionally activate its target genes MYH6 and NPPA. Moreover, the mutation nullified the synergistic transactivation between TBX5 and GATA4 as well as NKX2-5. Additionally, whole-exome sequencing analysis showed no other genes contributing to the diseases. This investigation firstly links a pathogenic variant in the TBX5 gene to familial CHD and AF as well as BAV, suggesting that CHD and AF as well as BAV share a common developmental basis in a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Fudan University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui-Mei Zhao
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Hua Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Biao Qiu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Hui Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Fudan University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University, Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Thomas C, Glinskii V, de Jesus Perez V, Sahay S. Portopulmonary Hypertension: From Bench to Bedside. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:569413. [PMID: 33224960 PMCID: PMC7670077 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.569413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH) is defined as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with portal hypertension and is a subset of Group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH). PoPH is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in patients with portal hypertension with or without liver disease. Significant strides in elucidating the pathogenesis, effective screening algorithms, accurate diagnoses, and treatment options have been made in past 20 years. Survival of PoPH has remained poor compared to IPAH and other forms of PAH. Recently, the first randomized controlled trial was done in this patient population and showed promising results with PAH specific therapy. Despite positive effects on hemodynamics and functional outcomes, it is unclear whether PAH specific therapy has a beneficial effect on long term survival or transplant outcomes. In this review, we will discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of PoPH. Additionally, this review will highlight the lacunae in our current management strategy, challenges faced and will provide direction to potentially useful futuristic management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Thomas
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Vladimir Glinskii
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Vinicio de Jesus Perez
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sandeep Sahay
- Houston Methodist Hospital Lung Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
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Zhou JJ, Li H, Qian YL, Quan RL, Chen XX, Li L, Li Y, Wang PH, Meng XM, Jing XL, He JG. Nestin represents a potential marker of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 149:41-53. [PMID: 32950539 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reportedly, nestin was re-expressed in proliferative synthetic-type pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and obligatory for PASMC proliferation in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Accordingly, nestin is increased in pulmonary vascular lesions of congenital heart disease (CHD)-associated PAH patients. We tested the hypothesis whether nestin was re-expressed in proliferative synthetic-type PASMCs and associated with pulmonary vascular remodeling in CHD-PAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nestin expression was tested using lung tissues from CHD-PAH patients and monocrotaline (MCT) plus aortocaval (AV) shunt-induced PAH rats, human PASMCs (HPASMCs), and pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) and PASMCs from MCT-AV-induced PAH rats. The role and possible mechanism of nestin on HPASMC proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and migration were investigated by assays of CCK-8, EdU, TUNEL, flow cytometry, transwell chamber and immunoblotting assays. RESULTS Nestin was solely expressed in proliferative synthetic-type PASMCs, but rarely detected in PAECs. Nestin was barely detected in normal pulmonary arterioles and occlusive pulmonary vascular lesions. Its expression was robustly increased in developing pulmonary vasculature, but returned to normal levels at the late stage of pulmonary vascular remodeling in lung tissues from CHD-PAH patients and MCT-AV-induced PAH rats. Besides, nestin peaks were consistent with the histological features in lung tissues of MCT-AV-induced PAH rats. Moreover, nestin overexpression effectively promoted HPASMC phenotypic transformation, proliferation, apoptosis resistance and migration via enhancing Wnt/β-catenin activation. CONCLUSIONS These data indicated that nestin was re-expressed in proliferative synthetic-type PASMCs and might represent a potential marker of pulmonary vascular remodeling in CHD-PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhou
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ling Qian
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Lin Quan
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Chen
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- The Animal Experimental Centre, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-He Wang
- The Animal Experimental Centre, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Min Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Li Jing
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Guo He
- Center of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Zhang Y, Sun YM, Xu YJ, Zhao CM, Yuan F, Guo XJ, Guo YH, Yang CX, Gu JN, Qiao Q, Wang J, Yang YQ. A New TBX5 Loss-of-Function Mutation Contributes to Congenital Heart Defect and Atrioventricular Block. Int Heart J 2020; 61:761-768. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.19-650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Yu-Min Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Cui-Mei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Xiao-Juan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Yu-Han Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Jia-Ning Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Qi Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
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Kaemmerer H, Gorenflo M, Huscher D, Pittrow D, Apitz C, Baumgartner H, Berger F, Bruch L, Brunnemer E, Budts W, Claussen M, Coghlan G, Dähnert I, D’Alto M, Delcroix M, Distler O, Dittrich S, Dumitrescu D, Ewert R, Faehling M, Germund I, Ghofrani HA, Grohé C, Grossekreymborg K, Halank M, Hansmann G, Harzheim D, Nemes A, Havasi K, Held M, M. Hoeper M, Hofbeck M, Hohenfrost-Schmidt W, Jurevičienė E, Gumbienè L, Kabitz HJ, Klose H, Köhler T, Konstantinides S, Köestenberger M, Kozlik-Feldmann R, Kramer HH, Kropf-Sanchen C, Lammers A, Lange T, Meyn P, Miera O, Milger-Kneidinger K, Neidenbach R, Neurohr C, Opitz C, Perings C, Remppis BA, Riemekasten G, Scelsi L, Scholtz W, Simkova I, Skowasch D, Skride A, Stähler G, Stiller B, Tsangaris I, Vizza CD, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Wilkens H, Wirtz H, Diller GP, Grünig E, Rosenkranz S. Pulmonary Hypertension in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease: Real-World Data from the International COMPERA-CHD Registry. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051456. [PMID: 32414075 PMCID: PMC7290703 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), aggravating the natural, post-operative, or post-interventional course of the underlying anomaly. The various CHDs differ substantially in characteristics, functionality, and clinical outcomes among each other and compared with other diseases with pulmonary hypertension. OBJECTIVE To describe current management strategies and outcomes for adults with PH in relation to different types of CHD based on real-world data. METHODS AND RESULTS COMPERA (Comparative, Prospective Registry of Newly Initiated Therapies for Pulmonary Hypertension) is a prospective, international PH registry comprising, at the time of data analysis, >8200 patients with various forms of PH. Here, we analyzed a subgroup of 680 patients with PH due to CHD, who were included between 2007 and 2018 in 49 specialized centers for PH and/or CHD located in 11 European countries. At enrollment, the patients´ median age was 44 years (67% female), and patients had either pre-tricuspid shunts, post-tricuspid shunts, complex CHD, congenital left heart or aortic disease, or miscellaneous other types of CHD. Upon inclusion, targeted therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) included endothelin receptor antagonists, PDE-5 inhibitors, prostacyclin analogues, and soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators. Eighty patients with Eisenmenger syndrome were treatment-naïve. While at inclusion the primary PAH treatment for the cohort was monotherapy (70% of patients), with 30% of the patients on combination therapy, after a median observation time of 45.3 months, the number of patients on combination therapy had increased significantly, to 50%. The use of oral anticoagulants or antiplatelets was dependent on the underlying diagnosis or comorbidities. In the entire COMPERA-CHD cohort, after follow-up and receiving targeted PAH therapy (n = 511), 91 patients died over the course of a 5-year follow up. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier survival estimate for CHD associated PH was significantly better than that for idiopathic PAH (76% vs. 54%; p < 0.001). Within the CHD associated PH group, survival estimates differed particularly depending on the underlying diagnosis and treatment status. CONCLUSIONS In COMPERA-CHD, the overall survival of patients with CHD associated PH was dependent on the underlying diagnosis and treatment status, but was significantly better as than that for idiopathic PAH. Nevertheless, overall survival of patients with PAH due to CHD was still markedly reduced compared with survival of patients with other types of CHD, despite an increasing number of patients on PAH-targeted combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Kaemmerer
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Angeborene Herzfehler und Kinderkardiologie, München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (M.G.); Tel.: +49-89-1218-3011(H.K.); Fax: +49-89-1218-3013 (H.K.)
| | - Matthias Gorenflo
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Angelika-Lautenschläger-Klinik, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (M.G.); Tel.: +49-89-1218-3011(H.K.); Fax: +49-89-1218-3013 (H.K.)
| | - Dörte Huscher
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - David Pittrow
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Technical University, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- GWT-TUD GmbH, Pharmacoepidemiology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Apitz
- Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Sektion Pädiatrische Kardiologie, 89075 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Helmut Baumgartner
- Universitätsklinik Münster, Klinik für Angeborene (EMAH) und Erworbene Herzfehler, 48149 Münster, Germany; (H.B.); (G.-P.D.)
| | - Felix Berger
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Klinik für Angeborene Herzfehler/Kinderkardiologie, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Leonhard Bruch
- Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Klinik für Innere Medizin, 12683 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Eva Brunnemer
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik (Krehl-Klinik), Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie (Innere Medizin III), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Werner Budts
- UZ Leuven, Congenital and Structural Cardiology, Campus Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Martin Claussen
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Fachabteilung Pneumologie, 22927 Großhansdorf, Germany;
| | - Gerry Coghlan
- Royal Free Hospital, Cardiology, London NW3 2QG, UK;
| | - Ingo Dähnert
- Herzzentrum Leipzig GmbH, Klinik für Kinderkardiologie, 04289 Leipzig, Germany;
| | | | - Marion Delcroix
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Oliver Distler
- Universitätsspital Zürich, Klinik für Rheumatologie, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Sven Dittrich
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Kinderkardiologie, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Daniel Dumitrescu
- HDZ NRW, Klinik für Thorax- und Kardiovaskularchirurgie, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany;
| | - Ralf Ewert
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin B, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Martin Faehling
- Klinikum Esslingen GmbH, Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, 73730 Esslingen a.N., Germany;
| | - Ingo Germund
- Uniklinik Köln—Herzzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderkardiologie, 50937 Köln, Germany;
| | | | - Christian Grohé
- Evangelische Lungenklinik Berlin, Klinik für Pneumologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Karsten Grossekreymborg
- Kinderherzzentrum und Zentrum für Angeborene Herzfehler, Justus-Liebig Universität, Zentrum für Kinderheilkunde, Abteilung Kinderkardiologie, 35390 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Michael Halank
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Georg Hansmann
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Zentrum für Pulmonale Hypertonie im Kindesalter/Klinik für pädiatrische Kardiologie und Intensivmedizin, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Dominik Harzheim
- Waldburg Zeil Kliniken Gmbh & Co. KG, Fachkliniken Wangen, Lungenzentrum Süd-West, Klinik für Pneumologie, Beatmungsmedizin und Allergologie, 88239 Wangen im Allgäu, Germany; (D.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Attila Nemes
- 2nd Dep. of Internal Medicine and Cardiology Center Hungary, Faculty of Medicine, Szent-Györgyi Albert Clinical Center, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (A.N.); (K.H.)
| | - Kalman Havasi
- 2nd Dep. of Internal Medicine and Cardiology Center Hungary, Faculty of Medicine, Szent-Györgyi Albert Clinical Center, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (A.N.); (K.H.)
| | - Matthias Held
- Missionsärztliche Klinik gGmbH, Abteilung für Innere Medizin, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Marius M. Hoeper
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Abt. Pneumologie, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Michael Hofbeck
- Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin Tübingen, Kinderkardiologie, Pulmologie, Intensivmedizin, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | | | - Elena Jurevičienė
- Faculty of Medicine of Vilnius University; Referal Centre of Pulmonary Hypertension, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros klinikos, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.J.); (L.G.)
| | - Lina Gumbienè
- Faculty of Medicine of Vilnius University; Referal Centre of Pulmonary Hypertension, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros klinikos, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.J.); (L.G.)
| | - Hans-Joachim Kabitz
- Gemeinnützige Krankenhausbetriebsgesellschaft Konstanz mbH, Medizinische Klinik II, 78464 Konstanz, Germany;
| | - Hans Klose
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Studienzentrale Pneumologie, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Thomas Köhler
- Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Klinik, Abteilung Pneumologie, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | | | - Martin Köestenberger
- LKH - Univ. Klinikum Graz, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Abteilung für Pädiatrische Kardiologie, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Rainer Kozlik-Feldmann
- Universitäres Herzzentrum Hamburg, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderkardiologie, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Hans-Heiner Kramer
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für angeborene Herzfehler & Kinderkardiologie (Haus 9), 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | | | - Astrid Lammers
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin - Pädiatrische Kardiologie, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Tobias Lange
- Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Philipp Meyn
- Waldburg Zeil Kliniken Gmbh & Co. KG, Fachkliniken Wangen, Lungenzentrum Süd-West, Klinik für Pneumologie, Beatmungsmedizin und Allergologie, 88239 Wangen im Allgäu, Germany; (D.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Oliver Miera
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Klinik für Angeborene Herzfehler/Kinderkardiologie, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.B.); (O.M.)
| | | | - Rhoia Neidenbach
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Angeborene Herzfehler und Kinderkardiologie, München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany;
| | - Claus Neurohr
- Klinik Schillerhöhe, Abteilung für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, 70839 Gerlingen, Germany;
| | - Christian Opitz
- DRK Kliniken Berlin Westend, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, 14050 Berlin, Germany;
| | | | | | - Gabriele Riemekasten
- Clinic of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, University Clinic Schleswig Holstein, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Laura Scelsi
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia- PV Italy, Germany;
| | - Werner Scholtz
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany;
| | - Iveta Simkova
- Dept. Cardiology and Angiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 83348 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Dirk Skowasch
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Innere Medizin-Kardiologie/Pneumologie, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Andris Skride
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, 1002 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Gerd Stähler
- Klinik Löwenstein, Medizinische Klinik I, 74245 Löwenstein, Germany;
| | - Brigitte Stiller
- Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Klinik für Angeborene Herzfehler und Pädiatrische Kardiologie, 79189 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Iraklis Tsangaris
- 2nd Critical Care Department, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Carmine Dario Vizza
- Pulmonary Hypertension Center, Dept. Clnical, Anestesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Heinrike Wilkens
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Innere Medizin V, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Hubert Wirtz
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Abteilung für Pneumologie, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Gerhard-Paul Diller
- Universitätsklinik Münster, Klinik für Angeborene (EMAH) und Erworbene Herzfehler, 48149 Münster, Germany; (H.B.); (G.-P.D.)
| | - Ekkehard Grünig
- Thoraxklinik Heidelberg gGmbH, Zentrum für Pulmonale Hypertonie, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Stephan Rosenkranz
- Universitätsklinik Köln- Herzzentrum, Klinik III für Innere Medizin, 50937 Köln, Germany;
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Aryal SR, Moussa H, Sinkey R, Dhungana R, Tallaj JA, Pamboukian SV, Patarroyo-Aponte M, Acharya D, Bajaj NS, Bhattarai S, Lenneman A, Joly JM, Sibai BM, Rajapreyar IN. Management of reproductive health in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2020; 2:100087. [PMID: 33345958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure caused by several clinical conditions that affect pulmonary vasculature. Morbidity and death in this condition are related to the development of right ventricular failure. Normal physiologic changes that occur in pregnancy to support the growing fetus can pose hemodynamic challenges to the pregnant patient with pulmonary hypertension that results in increased morbidity and mortality rates. Current guidelines recommend that patients with known pulmonary hypertension be counseled against pregnancy. This review aims to provide clinicians with guidelines for preconception counseling, medication management, and delivery planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep R Aryal
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
| | - Hind Moussa
- Division of Maternal-Fetal medicine, The University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Rachel Sinkey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Women's Reproductive Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rajat Dhungana
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jose A Tallaj
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Salpy V Pamboukian
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Maria Patarroyo-Aponte
- Center for Advanced Heart Failure, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Deepak Acharya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ
| | - Navkaranbir S Bajaj
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Andrew Lenneman
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Joanna M Joly
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Baha M Sibai
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - Indranee N Rajapreyar
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Li X, Xiang D, Shu Y, Hu K, Zhang Y, Li Y. MicroRNA-204 as an Indicator of Severity of Pulmonary Hypertension in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Complicated with Pulmonary Hypertension. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:10173-10179. [PMID: 31887731 PMCID: PMC6951116 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the changes and significance of microRNA-204 (miR-204) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) complicated with pulmonary hypertension (PH). MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-two CHD patients with left-to-right shunt were divided into 3 groups according to preoperative pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) detected by color Doppler echocardiography: a control group (PASP <30 mmHg), a mild PH group (PASP 30-49 mmHg), and a severe PH group (PASP >50 mmHg). Peripheral venous blood and supernatant were collected on an empty stomach at 1 h before surgery and 7 days after surgery. The expression of miR-204 in plasma was detected by RT-qPCR. RESULTS One hour before surgery and 7 days after surgery, plasma miR-204 expression was at a higher level than that in the mild PH group and higher than in the severe PH group. miR-204 expression in children in each group showed a decreasing trend after surgery. The mild PH and severe PH groups had lower plasma miR-204 expression and PASP after surgery than before surgery. In the mild PH and severe PH groups, plasma miR-204 expression was negatively correlated with PASP. In all 52 cases, plasma miR-204 expression was negatively correlated with PASP. CONCLUSIONS The plasma miR-204 expression in CHD children with PH was negatively correlated with the degree of PH, suggesting miR-204 may be involved in PH development, and miR-204 expression may be an indicator of PH severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (mainland)
| | - Daokang Xiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (mainland)
| | - Yizhu Shu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (mainland)
| | - Kui Hu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (mainland)
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (mainland)
| | - Yonghong Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (mainland)
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Favoccia C, Constantine AH, Wort SJ, Dimopoulos K. Eisenmenger syndrome and other types of pulmonary arterial hypertension related to adult congenital heart disease. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2019; 17:449-459. [DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2019.1623024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Favoccia
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, National Heart and Lung Institute, Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Andrew H Constantine
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, National Heart and Lung Institute, Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Wort
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, National Heart and Lung Institute, Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos Dimopoulos
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, National Heart and Lung Institute, Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
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Reverse Remodeling of Pulmonary Arterioles After Pulmonary Artery Banding in Patients ≥ 2 Years Old with Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2019; 40:958-964. [PMID: 30982075 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-019-02097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pathological changes of the pulmonary arterioles in patients ≥ 2 years of age who first underwent a pulmonary artery banding (PAB) procedure, followed by bidirectional Glenn or Fontan according to their specific conditions. This was a prospective study of 15 children diagnosed and treated with PAB at the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery of Anzhen Hospital between January 2009 and December 2012. The percentage of media area (%MS) of pulmonary arteriole, the percentage of media thickness (%MT), and pulmonary arterial density (APSC) were calculated from lung tissue sections. Pulmonary artery pressure decreased significantly after PAB surgery (P < 0.01). Postoperative mean pulmonary artery pressure declined significantly (P < 0.01), the cardiothoracic ratio was reduced (P < 0.05), and percutaneous oxygen saturation (inhaled air) decreased to 80-85% (P < 0.01). %MT (from 35.1 ± 5.6% to 26.9 ± 4.3%, P < 0.01), %MS (from 51.4 ± 6.7% to 32.2 ± 7.4%, P < 0.01), and APSC (from 108.3 ± 38.5 to 83.6 ± 19.6, P < 0.01) were decreased significantly after PAB. Five patients underwent the bidirectional Glenn procedure and four underwent Fontan. In conclusion, the results suggest that PAB can reduce pulmonary artery pressure and that pulmonary arterial lesions can be reversed after PAB.
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47
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Ramjug S, Adão R, Lewis R, Coste F, de Man F, Jimenez D, Sitbon O, Delcroix M, Vonk-Noordegraaf A. Highlights from the ERS International Congress 2018: Assembly 13 - Pulmonary Vascular Diseases. ERJ Open Res 2019; 5:00202-2018. [PMID: 30895188 PMCID: PMC6421363 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00202-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2018 European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress in Paris, France, highlighted the subject of pulmonary vascular disease (PVD). 2018 was an exciting year for the PVD community as it was the first ERS International Congress since the formation of Assembly 13, which is dedicated to PVD, pulmonary embolism and the right ventricle. This article aims to summarise the high-quality studies presented at the 2018 Congress into four subject areas: the use of risk stratification in pulmonary arterial hypertension, the molecular mechanisms and treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH), understanding and improving the right ventricle in PH, and finally, advances in the field of acute pulmonary embolus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Ramjug
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, UK
| | - Rui Adão
- Dept of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center – UnIC, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Florence Coste
- University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frances de Man
- VU University Medical Center, Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Jimenez
- Respiratory Dept, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, Alcaia Henares University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marion Delcroix
- Pneumology Dept, Universitarie Ziekenhuizen, Leuven, Belgium
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