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Almeida-Paes R, do Valle ACF, Freitas DFS, de Macedo PM, Zancopé-Oliveira RM, Gutierrez-Galhardo MC. The present and future research agenda of sporotrichosis on the silver anniversary of zoonotic sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2024; 119:e230208. [PMID: 38359307 PMCID: PMC10868377 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760230208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five years have passed since the initial observation of endemic zoonotic sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Since then, this disease has spread throughout South America. Accompanying the emergence of this mycosis, some progress has been made, including the expansion of a research network in this field and higher visibility of sporotrichosis within government authorities and funding agencies. However, there are still some challenges to curbing the expansion of this disease in the coming years. These include the development of rapid and accurate diagnostic tests, new antifungal drugs, particularly for the treatment of extracutaneous manifestations of sporotrichosis, and more comprehensive care for cats with sporotrichosis. Including these actions in the sporotrichosis research agenda is required so as to change the development of this disease in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Almeida-Paes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Micologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Antonio Carlos Francesconi do Valle
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Dermatologia Infecciosa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Dayvison Francis Saraiva Freitas
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Dermatologia Infecciosa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Priscila Marques de Macedo
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Dermatologia Infecciosa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rosely Maria Zancopé-Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Micologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maria Clara Gutierrez-Galhardo
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Dermatologia Infecciosa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Lima-Neto RG, Neta MS, Valeriano CA, Neves RP, Lacerda AM, Ferraz CE, Inácio CP, Le Pape P, Ourliac-Garnier I, Faria AR, Silva TG, Pereira VR, Marchand P. Antifungal efficacy of imidazo[1,2- a]pyrazine-based thiosemicarbazones and thiazolidinediones against Sporothrix species. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:1225-1233. [PMID: 37882752 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate antifungal potential of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine hybrids based on thiosemicarbazones and thiazolidinediones against pathogenic Sporothrix species. Methods: Antifungal activity of nine compounds were assessed by broth microdilution. Interactions between active compounds and itraconazole were evaluated by the checkerboard assay using non-wild-type isolates. Cytotoxicity of the compounds was determined. Results: Four C-3 substituted analogs showed antifungal activity, unrelated to thiosemicarbazone or thiazolidinedione functions. Synergistic interactions between the four compounds and itraconazole, and low toxicity on mouse fibroblast cells were observed. Activity of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine hybrids against Sporothrix depended on the substitution on the imidazopyrazine ring. Conclusion: Antifungal potential, overcoming itraconazole resistance and low toxicity indicate the possible use of that series of compounds in a therapeutic alternative for treatment of sporotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reginaldo G Lima-Neto
- Laboratory for Research & Diagnosis in Tropical Diseases, Department of Tropical Medicine, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida Prof Moraes Rego s/n, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Marlene Sa Neta
- Nantes Université, Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, UFPE, Brazil
| | - Carlos At Valeriano
- Laboratory for Research & Diagnosis in Tropical Diseases, Department of Tropical Medicine, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida Prof Moraes Rego s/n, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Rejane P Neves
- Departament of Mycology, Center for Biosciences, UFPE, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia E Ferraz
- Laboratory for Research & Diagnosis in Tropical Diseases, Department of Tropical Medicine, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida Prof Moraes Rego s/n, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Cícero P Inácio
- Departament of Mycology, Center for Biosciences, UFPE, Brazil
| | - Patrice Le Pape
- Nantes Université, Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Isabelle Ourliac-Garnier
- Nantes Université, Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Antônio R Faria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, UFPE, Brazil
| | | | - Valéria Ra Pereira
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Fundation, Recife, PE, 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Nantes Université, Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Garcia LGS, Rocha MGD, Freire RS, Nunes PIG, Nunes JVS, Fernandes MR, Pereira-Neto WA, Sidrim JJC, Santos FA, Rocha MFG, Rodrigues LKA, Vieira RS, Brilhante RSN. Chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils inhibit duo-biofilms of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20230146. [PMID: 37729259 PMCID: PMC10519671 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection that affects the oral mucosa, and happens when Candida albicans interacts with bacteria in the oral microbiota, such as Streptococcus mutans, causing severe early childhood caries. C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms are challenging to treat with conventional antimicrobial therapies, thus, new anti-infective drugs are required. This study aimed to test a drug delivery system based on chitosan microparticles loaded with geranium and lemongrass essential oils to inhibit C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms. METHODOLOGY Chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils (CM-EOs) were obtained by spray-drying. Susceptibility of planktonic were performed according CLSI at 4 to 2,048 µg/mL. Mixed biofilms were incubated at 37ºC for 48 h and exposed to CM-EOs at 256 to 4,096 µg/mL. The antimicrobial effect was evaluated using the MTT assay, with biofilm architectural changes analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. RAW 264.7 cell was used to evaluate compound cytotoxicity. RESULTS CM-EOs had better planktonic activity against C. albicans than S. mutans. All samples reduced the metabolic activity of mixed C. albicans and S. mutans biofilms, with encapsulated oils showing better activity than raw chitosan or oils. The microparticles reduced the biofilm on the slides. The essential oils showed cytotoxic effects against RAW 264.7 cells, but encapsulation into chitosan microparticles decreased their toxicity. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that chitosan loaded with essential oils may provide an alternative method for treating diseases caused by C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilm, such as dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paulo Iury Gomes Nunes
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Ceará, Brasil
| | | | - Mirele Rodrigues Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Centro Especializado em Micologia Médica, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Waldemiro Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Centro Especializado em Micologia Médica, Ceará, Brasil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Centro Especializado em Micologia Médica, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Flavia Almeida Santos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Ceará, Brasil
| | | | - Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Ceará, Brasil
| | | | - Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Centro Especializado em Micologia Médica, Ceará, Brasil
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Xavier MO, Poester VR, Trápaga MR, Stevens DA. Sporothrix brasiliensis: Epidemiology, Therapy, and Recent Developments. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:921. [PMID: 37755029 PMCID: PMC10532502 DOI: 10.3390/jof9090921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis is an emergent mycosis that is now a worldwide concern. One important step to sporotrichosis control is its correct treatment. However, limitations abound; thus, new antifungals, mainly focused on S. brasiliensis, are urgently needed. We performed a systematic review (following the PRISMA guideline) focused on (1) the global distribution of human and animal sporotrichosis by S. brasiliensis, especially outside of Brazil; (2) appraising therapies tested against this pathogen. We identified sporotrichosis caused by S. brasiliensis reported in five countries (Paraguay, Chile, Argentina, the United Kingdom, and the United States) in addition to Brazil, occurring on three continents, highlighting the epidemiological scenario in Argentina with an important increase in reported cases in recent years. Regarding the antifungal activity of drugs, 25 articles described the in vitro action of 20 unique chemicals and eight repurposed drugs against S. brasiliensis. Only five studies reported in vivo activity against S. brasiliensis (five drugs) using invertebrate and vertebrate models. Sporotrichosis caused by S. brasiliensis has a global impact and it is no longer specifically a Brazilian problem. We review the need for understanding the disease epidemiology, education of clinicians and of the populace, organization of health care delivery to respond to a spreading epidemic, and research on therapy for sporotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Orzechowski Xavier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil; (M.O.X.); (V.R.P.); (M.R.T.)
- Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanice Rodrigues Poester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil; (M.O.X.); (V.R.P.); (M.R.T.)
- Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rodrigues Trápaga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil; (M.O.X.); (V.R.P.); (M.R.T.)
- Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil
| | - David A. Stevens
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Lin J, Xiao X, Liang Y, Zhao H, Yu Y, Yuan P, Lu S, Ding X. Repurposing non-antifungal drugs auranofin and pentamidine in combination as fungistatic antifungal agents against C. albicans. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1065962. [PMID: 36590591 PMCID: PMC9798428 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1065962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infection is a serious global health issue, causing approximately 1.5 million mortalities annually. However, clinically available anti-fungal drugs are limited, especially for multidrug-resistant fungal infections. Therefore, new antifungal drugs are urgently needed to address this clinical challenge. In this study, we proposed two non-antifungal drugs, auranofin and pentamidine, in combination to fight against multidrug-resistant C. albicans. The insufficient antifungal activity of anti-rheumatic drug auranofin is partially due to fungal membrane barrier preventing the drug uptake, and anti-protozoal drug pentamidine was used here to improve the permeability of membrane. The auranofin/pentamidine combination displayed synergistic inhibitory effect against both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant C. albicans, as well as biofilm, and significantly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration of each drug. At non-antifungal concentration, pentamidine can disrupt the membrane integrity and increase membrane permeability, leading to enhanced cellular uptake of auranofin in C. albicans. This repurposing strategy using the combination of non-antifungal drugs with complementary antifungal mechanism may provide a novel approach for discovery of antifungal drugs to fight against multidrug-resistant fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueyi Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijing Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingxiao Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiyan Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Peiyan Yuan, ; Sha Lu, ; Xin Ding,
| | - Sha Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Peiyan Yuan, ; Sha Lu, ; Xin Ding,
| | - Xin Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Peiyan Yuan, ; Sha Lu, ; Xin Ding,
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Rodrigues AM, Gonçalves SS, de Carvalho JA, Borba-Santos LP, Rozental S, de Camargo ZP. Current Progress on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Sporotrichosis and Their Future Trends. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080776. [PMID: 35893145 PMCID: PMC9331723 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporotrichosis, a human and animal disease caused by Sporothrix species, is the most important implantation mycosis worldwide. Sporothrix taxonomy has improved in recent years, allowing important advances in diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment. Molecular epidemiology reveals that S. brasiliensis remains highly prevalent during the cat-transmitted sporotrichosis outbreaks in South America and that the spread of S. brasiliensis occurs through founder effects. Sporothrix globosa and S. schenckii are cosmopolitan on the move, causing major sapronoses in Asia and the Americas, respectively. In this emerging scenario, one-health approaches are required to develop a creative, effective, and sustainable response to tackle the spread of sporotrichosis. In the 21st century, it has become vital to speciate Sporothrix, and PCR is the main pillar of molecular diagnosis, aiming at the detection of the pathogen DNA from clinical samples through multiplex assays, whose sensitivity reaches remarkably three copies of the target. The treatment of sporotrichosis can be challenging, especially after the emergence of resistance to azoles and polyenes. Alternative drugs arising from discoveries or repositioning have entered the radar of basic research over the last decade and point to several molecules with antifungal potential, especially the hydrazone derivatives with great in vitro and in vivo activities. There are many promising developments for the near future, and in this review, we discuss how these trends can be applied to the Sporothrix-sporotrichosis system to mitigate the advance of an emerging and re-emerging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Messias Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023062, Brazil; (J.A.d.C.); (Z.P.d.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023062, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-1155764551 (ext. 1540)
| | - Sarah Santos Gonçalves
- Infectious Diseases Postgraduate Program, Center for Research in Medical Mycology, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria 29043900, Brazil;
| | - Jamile Ambrósio de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023062, Brazil; (J.A.d.C.); (Z.P.d.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023062, Brazil
| | - Luana P. Borba-Santos
- Cell Biology and Parasitology Program, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941902, Brazil; (L.P.B.-S.); (S.R.)
| | - Sonia Rozental
- Cell Biology and Parasitology Program, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941902, Brazil; (L.P.B.-S.); (S.R.)
| | - Zoilo Pires de Camargo
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023062, Brazil; (J.A.d.C.); (Z.P.d.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023062, Brazil
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Brilhante RSN, Lopes RGP, de Aguiar L, de Oliveira JS, Araújo GDS, Paixão GC, Pereira-Neto WDA, Freire RS, Nunes JVS, de Lima RP, Santos FA, Sidrim JJC, Rocha MFG. Inhibitory effect of proteinase K against dermatophyte biofilms: an alternative for increasing the antifungal effects of terbinafine and griseofulvin. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:286-297. [PMID: 35450473 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2063720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of proteinase K on mature biofilms of dermatophytes, by assays of metabolic activity and biomass. In addition, the proteinase K-terbinafine and proteinase K-griseofulvin interactions against these biofilms were investigated by the checkerboard assay and scanning electron and confocal microscopy. The biofilms exposed to 32 µg ml-1 of proteinase K had lower metabolic activity and biomass, by 39% and 38%, respectively. Drug interactions were synergistic, with proteinase K reducing the minimum inhibitory concentration of antifungals against dermatophyte biofilms at a concentration of 32 µg ml-1 combined with 128-256 µg ml-1 of terbinafine and griseofulvin. Microscopic images showed a reduction in biofilms exposed to proteinase K, proteinase K-terbinafine and proteinase K-griseofulvin combinations. These findings demonstrate that proteinase K has activity against biofilms of dermatophytes, and the interactions of proteinase K with terbinafine and griseofulvin improve the activity of drugs against mature dermatophyte biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Specialised Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Raissa Geovanna Pereira Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lara de Aguiar
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jonathas Sales de Oliveira
- Specialised Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Géssica Dos Santos Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Germana Costa Paixão
- Specialised Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro de Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Specialised Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rosemayre Souza Freire
- Analytical Centre, Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - João Victor Serra Nunes
- Analytical Centre, Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Renan Pereira de Lima
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Flávia Almeida Santos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Specialised Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Specialised Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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8
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Brilhante RSN, Gotay WJP, Pereira VS, de Oliveira JS, Pereira-Neto WA, Castelo-Branco DDSCM, Cordeiro RDA, Sidrim JJC, Rocha MFG. Antifungal activity of promethazine and chlorpromazine against planktonic cells and biofilms of Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii complex species. Med Mycol 2021; 58:906-912. [PMID: 32016364 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myz140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii are fungal pathogens that affect the central nervous system, mainly in immunocompromised individuals. Due to the limited pharmacological arsenal available for the treatment of cryptococcosis associated with cases of antifungal resistance of Cryptococcus spp. reported in some studies, the search for new compounds with antifungal potential becomes relevant. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of phenothiazines (promethazine and chlorpromazine) on C. neoformans/C. gattii planktonic cells and biofilms. In vitro planktonic susceptibility testing was performed using the broth microdilution assay. The effect of phenothiazines was evaluated against biofilm formation and mature Cryptococcus biofilms. Biofilm morphology and ultrastructure were also evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Promethazine and chlorpromazine showed antifungal activity against planktonic cells, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 8-32 μg/ml and 4-16 μg/ml, respectively. As for biofilm formation, phenothiazines reduced biomass by 60% and metabolic activity by 90% at 64 μg/ml; while in mature biofilms, reductions of 85% and 90% in biomass and metabolic activity, respectively, were observed at 1024 μg/ml. Promethazine and chlorpromazine were also able to disrupt and fragment biofilms. In conclusion, promethazine and chlorpromazine have antifungal activity against planktonic cells and biofilms of Cryptococcus spp. These data show the potential of promethazine and chlorpromazine as antibiofilm drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Wilker Jose Perez Gotay
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vandbergue Santos Pereira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jonathas Sales de Oliveira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará. Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Campus do Itaperi, CEP: 60714-903, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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9
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Brilhante RSN, Fernandes MR, Pereira VS, Costa ADC, Oliveira JSD, de Aguiar L, Rodrigues AM, de Camargo ZP, Pereira-Neto WA, Sidrim JJC, Rocha MFG. Biofilm formation on cat claws by Sporothrix species: An ex vivo model. Microb Pathog 2020; 150:104670. [PMID: 33285221 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the ability of Sporothrix species to attach and form biofilm on the surface of cat claws as an ex vivo model. A total of 14 strains (5 Sporothrix brasiliensis, 3 Sporothrix schenckii s. str., 3 Sporothrix globosa and 3 Sporothrix mexicana) were used. The biofilms were incubated for periods of 01, 03, 07, 10 and fifteenth 15 days. Their metabolic activities were evaluated by the XTT reduction assay and the morphology and structure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis of the SEM images revealed that all the species can form biofilms on cat claws. The metabolic activity in the ex vivo biofilms was similar to that found in in vitro biofilms when incubated for the same period. This is the first report of an ex vivo biofilm model involving cat claws. The ability to form biofilms on cat claws can increase the viable period of the fungus and consequently the number of possibly infected animals and people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Mirele Rodrigues Fernandes
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vandbergue Santos Pereira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Anderson da Cunha Costa
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jonathas Sales de Oliveira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lara de Aguiar
- Postgraduate in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará. Dr. Silas Munguba Avenue, 1700, Itaperi Campus, 60714-903, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Anderson Messias Rodrigues
- Cellular Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Botucatu Street, 862 - 04023-062, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zoilo Pires de Camargo
- Cellular Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Botucatu Street, 862 - 04023-062, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Postgraduate in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará. Dr. Silas Munguba Avenue, 1700, Itaperi Campus, 60714-903, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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10
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Brilhante RSN, Pereira VS, Nobre AFD, Oliveira JSD, Fernandes MR, Costa ADC, Rodrigues AM, Camargo ZPD, Pereira-Neto WA, Sidrim JJC, Rocha MFG. Exogenous fungal quorum sensing molecules inhibit planktonic cell growth and modulate filamentation and biofilm formation in the Sporothrix schenckii complex. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:909-921. [PMID: 33059473 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1828373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) farnesol, 2-phenylehtanol, tyrosol and tryptophol against planktonic cells, filamentation and biofilms of Sporothrix spp. The antifungal activity of QSMs was evaluated by broth microdilution. QSMs showed MICs in the ranges of 0.01-1 µM (farnesol), 1-8 mM (2-phenylehtanol and tyrosol), and >16 mM (tryptophol). Filamentous biofilm formation was inhibited by farnesol and 2-phenylehtanol and stimulated by tyrosol. Yeast biofilm formation was inhibited by 2-phenylehtanol and tyrosol. Tryptophol did not affect Sporothrix biofilm formation. QSMs showed MICs against mature biofilms of 8-32 µM (farnesol), 8-32 mM (2-phenylehtanol) and 64-128 mM (tyrosol). In conclusion, farnesol, 2-phenylethanol and tyrosol have antifungal activity against planktonic and sessile cells and modulate filamentation and biofilm formation in Sporothrix spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Vandbergue Santos Pereira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Augusto Feynman Dias Nobre
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jonathas Sales de Oliveira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Mirele Rodrigues Fernandes
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Anderson da Cunha Costa
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Anderson Messias Rodrigues
- Cellular Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo. Rua Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zoilo Pires de Camargo
- Cellular Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo. Rua Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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11
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Brilhante RSN, Silva MLQD, Pereira VS, de Oliveira JS, Maciel JM, Silva INGD, Garcia LGS, Guedes GMDM, Cordeiro RDA, Pereira-Neto WDA, de Camargo ZP, Rodrigues AM, Sidrim JJC, Castelo-Branco DDSCM, Rocha MFG. Potassium iodide and miltefosine inhibit biofilms of Sporothrix schenckii species complex in yeast and filamentous forms. Med Mycol 2020; 57:764-772. [PMID: 30462271 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the yeast biofilm growth kinetics and ultrastructure of Sporothrix schenckii complex and assess their mature biofilm susceptibility in filamentous and yeast forms to potassium iodide (KI) and miltefosine (MIL). Yeast biofilms were evaluated by crystal violet staining, XTT reduction assay and microscopic techniques. Susceptibility of planktonic and sessile cells was analyzed by broth microdilution. S. schenckii complex in yeast form produced biofilms, with an optimum maturation at 96 h, showing multilayered blastoconidia embedded in extracellular matrix. KI and MIL minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges against planktonic cells were 62,500-250,000 μg/ml and 0.125-4 μg/ml, respectively. KI and MIL reduced biofilm metabolic activity by 75.4% and 67.7% for filamentous form and 55.1% and 51.6% for yeast form, respectively. This study demonstrated that S. schenckii complex forms biofilms in vitro, and potassium iodide and miltefosine inhibit Sporothrix spp. biofilms in both filamentous and yeast forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucilene Queiroz da Silva
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Vandbergue Santos Pereira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jonathas Sales de Oliveira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria Maciel
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Isaac Neto Goes da Silva
- School of Veterinary, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lana Glerieide Silva Garcia
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Morgana de Melo Guedes
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro de Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Zoilo Pires de Camargo
- Department of Microbiology, Imunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,School of Veterinary, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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12
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Brilhante RSN, Fonseca XMQC, Pereira VS, Araújo GDS, Oliveira JSD, Garcia LGS, Rodrigues AM, Camargo ZPD, Pereira-Neto WA, Castelo-Branco DDSCM, Cordeiro RDA, Sidrim JJC, Rocha MFG. In vitro inhibitory effect of statins on planktonic cells and biofilms of the Sporothrix schenckii species complex. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:838-843. [PMID: 32427094 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Sporotrichosis, caused by species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex, is the most prevalent subcutaneous mycosis in many areas of Latin America. Statins are a class of drugs widely used for lowering high sterol levels through their action on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in the synthesis of sterol.Aim. In this study, the antifungal activity of statins (simvastatin, atorvastatin, pravastatin) against planktonic cells and biofilms of S. schenckii complex species was evaluated, as well as the interaction of pravastatin with classical antifungals (amphotericin B, itraconazole, terbinafine).Methodology. Eighteen strains of Sporothrix species were used. The antifungal susceptibility assay was performed using the broth microdilution method. Mature biofilms were exposed to statins and metabolic activity was measured by the XTT reduction assay.Results. MICs of statins ranged from 8 to 512 μg ml-1 and from 8 to 256 μg ml-1 for filamentous and yeast forms, respectively. Regarding mature biofilms, MICs of 50 % inhibition (SMIC50) were 128 μg ml-1 for simvastatin and atorvastatin and >2048 μg ml-1 for pravastatin. MICs of 90 % inhibition (SMIC90) were 512 μg ml-1 for simvastatin and >2048 μg ml-1 for atorvastatin and pravastatin.Conclusion. These results highlight the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of statins against S. schenckii complex species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Xhaulla Maria Quariguasi Cunha Fonseca
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Vandbergue Santos Pereira
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Géssica Dos Santos Araújo
- Postgraduate in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60714-903, Brazil
| | - Jonathas Sales de Oliveira
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Lana Glerieide Silva Garcia
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Anderson Messias Rodrigues
- Cellular Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Zoilo Pires de Camargo
- Cellular Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Postgraduate in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60714-903, Brazil.,Specialized Center in Medical Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
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13
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Brilhante RS, Pereira VS, Oliveira JS, Rodrigues AM, de Camargo ZP, Pereira-Neto WA, Nascimento NR, Castelo-Branco DS, Cordeiro RA, Sidrim JJ, Rocha MF. Terpinen-4-ol inhibits the growth of Sporothrix schenckii complex and exhibits synergism with antifungal agents. Future Microbiol 2020; 14:1221-1233. [PMID: 31625442 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the effect of terpinen-4-ol against Sporothrix schenckii complex and its interactions with antifungals. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity of terpinen-4-ol was evaluated by broth microdilution. The potential effect on cellular ergosterol concentration was evaluated by spectrophotometry. The antibiofilm activity was evaluated by violet crystal staining and XTT reduction assay. The potential pharmacological interactions with antifungals were evaluated by the checkerboard assay. Results: terpinen-4-ol (T-OH) showed minimal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 4 to 32 mg/l decreasing cellular ergosterol content and presented a SMIC ranging from 64 to 1024 mg/l for Sporothrix spp. The combinations of T-OH with itraconazole or terbinafine were synergistic. Conclusion: T-OH has antifungal activity against Sporothrix spp. and acts synergistically with standard antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Sn Brilhante
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vandbergue S Pereira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jonathas S Oliveira
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Anderson M Rodrigues
- Cellular Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 6th floor, Medical Sciences Building, CEP: 04023-062, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zoilo P de Camargo
- Cellular Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 6th floor, Medical Sciences Building, CEP: 04023-062, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro A Pereira-Neto
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nilberto Rf Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará. Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Campus do Itaperi, CEP: 60714-903, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Débora Scm Castelo-Branco
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rossana A Cordeiro
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Jc Sidrim
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fg Rocha
- Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará. Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará. Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Campus do Itaperi, CEP: 60714-903, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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14
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Rodrigues AM, Della Terra PP, Gremião ID, Pereira SA, Orofino-Costa R, de Camargo ZP. The threat of emerging and re-emerging pathogenic Sporothrix species. Mycopathologia 2020; 185:813-842. [PMID: 32052359 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sporotrichosis is a neglected subcutaneous mycosis of humans and animals acquired by traumatic inoculation of soil and plant material (classical route) contaminated with infectious propagules of the pathogen or being bitten/scratched by infected cats (alternative route). Within a genus composed of 53 species displaying an essentially environmental core, there are only a few members which have considerable impacts on human or animal health. Infections are typically caused by S. brasiliensis, S. schenckii or S. globosa. Rare mammal pathogens include members of the S. pallida and S. stenocereus complexes. To illustrate the tremendous impact of emerging zoonotic sporotrichosis on public health, we discuss the main features of the expanding epidemics driven by S. brasiliensis in cats and humans. The cat entry in the transmission chain of sporotrichosis, causing epizooties (cat-cat) or zoonosis (cat-human), has contributed to the definition of new paradigms in Sporothrix transmission, reaching epidemic levels, making the disease a serious public health problem. Indeed, S. brasiliensis infection in humans and animals is likely to become even more important in the future, with projections of its expansion in biogeographic domains and host range, as well as greater virulence in mammals. Therefore, lessons from a long-standing outbreak in the state of Rio de Janeiro about the source and distribution of the etiological agents among outbreak areas can be used to create better control and prevention plans and increase awareness of sporotrichosis as a serious emerging zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Messias Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Cell Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil.
| | - Paula Portella Della Terra
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Cell Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Isabella Dib Gremião
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sandro Antonio Pereira
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosane Orofino-Costa
- Dermatology Department, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Zoilo Pires de Camargo
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Cell Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil
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15
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Therapy of Non-Dermatophytic Mycoses in Animals. J Fungi (Basel) 2018; 4:jof4040120. [PMID: 30380772 PMCID: PMC6308939 DOI: 10.3390/jof4040120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on aspects of antimycotic therapy specific to veterinary medicine. In the first part, drug availability, limited mostly by economic consideration but also by clinical applicability and specific adverse effects, is described for polyenes, 5 fluorocytosine, azoles, echinocandins and terbinafine. In the second part, current knowledge and experience in the treatment of selected fungal infections are overviewed. These mycoses include disseminated mold infections in small animals (dogs and cats) and avian species, upper respiratory tract infections of small animals (sino-nasal and sino-orbital aspergillosis) and horses (guttural pouch mycosis), eumycetoma, infections caused by dimorphic fungi, (blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and sporothrichosis) and by yeasts and yeast-like microorganism (Cryptococcus spp. and Malassezia pachydermatis).
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