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da Silva CR, Cabral VPDF, Rodrigues DS, Ferreira TL, Barbosa AD, de Andrade Neto JB, Barbosa SA, Moreira LEA, da Costa ÉRM, de Queiroz MVF, de Lima EA, Pinheiro DRS, Nobre Júnior HV, Valente Sá LGDA. Antibiofilm activity of promethazine against ESBL-producing strains of Escherichia coli in urinary catheters. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106769. [PMID: 38955237 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The bacterium Escherichia coli is one of the main causes of urinary tract infections. The formation of bacterial biofilms, especially associated with the use of urinary catheters, contributes to the establishment of recurrent infections and the development of resistance to treatment. Strains of E. coli that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) have a greater ability to form biofilms. In addition, there is a lack of drugs available in the market with antibiofilm activity. Promethazine (PMZ) is an antihistamine known to have antimicrobial activity against different pathogens, including in the form of biofilms, but there are still few studies of its activity against ESBL E. coli biofilms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of PMZ against ESBL E. coli biofilms, as well as to assess the application of this drug as a biofilm prevention agent in urinary catheters. To this end, the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of PMZ in ESBL E. coli strains were determined using the broth microdilution assay and tolerance level measurement. The activity of PMZ against the cell viability of the in vitro biofilm formation of ESBL E. coli was analyzed by the MTT colorimetric assay and its ability to prevent biofilm formation when impregnated in a urinary catheter was investigated by counting colony-forming units (CFU) and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PMZ showed bactericidal activity and significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the viability of the biofilm being formed by ESBL E. coli at concentrations of 256 and 512 μg/ml, as well as preventing the formation of biofilm on urinary catheters at concentrations starting at 512 μg/ml by reducing the number of CFUs, as also observed by SEM. Thus, PMZ is a promising candidate to prevent the formation of ESBL E. coli biofilms on abiotic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Rocha da Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Thais Lima Ferreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Sarah Alves Barbosa
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Érica Rayanne Mota da Costa
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Elaine Aires de Lima
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Livia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Dias Barroso FD, da Silva LJ, Queiroz HA, do Amaral Valente Sá LG, da Silva AR, da Silva CR, de Andrade Neto JB, Cavalcanti BC, de Moraes MO, Pinazo A, Pérez L, Nobre Júnior HV. Biosurfactant complexed with arginine has antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:667-679. [PMID: 38864708 PMCID: PMC11259079 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study investigated the antimicrobial effectiveness of a rhamnolipid complexed with arginine (RLMIX_Arg) against planktonic cells and biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methodology: Susceptibility testing was performed using the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute protocol: M07-A10, checkerboard test, biofilm in plates and catheters and flow cytometry were used. Result: RLMIX_Arg has bactericidal and synergistic activity with oxacillin. RLMIX_Arg inhibits the formation of MRSA biofilms on plates at sub-inhibitory concentrations and has antibiofilm action against MRSA in peripheral venous catheters. Catheters impregnated with RLMIX_Arg reduce the formation of MRSA biofilms. Conclusion: RLMIX_Arg exhibits potential for application in preventing infections related to methicillin-resistant S. aureus biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Daiana Dias Barroso
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Helaine Almeida Queiroz
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Cecília Rocha da Silva
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Aurora Pinazo
- Department of Surfactants & Nanobiotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Pérez
- Department of Surfactants & Nanobiotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Glajzner P, Bernat A, Jasińska-Stroschein M. Improving the treatment of bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria through drug repositioning. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1397602. [PMID: 38910882 PMCID: PMC11193365 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1397602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing (repositioning) is a dynamically-developing area in the search for effective therapy of infectious diseases. Repositioning existing drugs with a well-known pharmacological and toxicological profile is an attractive method for quickly discovering new therapeutic indications. The off-label use of drugs for infectious diseases requires much less capital and time, and can hasten progress in the development of new antimicrobial drugs, including antibiotics. The use of drug repositioning in searching for new therapeutic options has brought promising results for many viral infectious diseases, such as Ebola, ZIKA, Dengue, and HCV. This review describes the most favorable results for repositioned drugs for the treatment of bacterial infections. It comprises publications from various databases including PubMed and Web of Science published from 2015 to 2023. The following search keywords/strings were used: drug repositioning and/or repurposing and/or antibacterial activity and/or infectious diseases. Treatment options for infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria were taken into account, including methicillin-resistant staphylococci, multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or carbapenem-resistant bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family. It analyses the safety profiles of the included drugs and their synergistic combinations with antibiotics and discusses the potential of antibacterial drugs with antiparasitic, anticancer, antipsychotic effects, and those used in metabolic diseases. Drug repositioning may be an effective response to public health threats related to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and the growing antibiotic resistance of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Glajzner
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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de Melo Guedes GM, Pereira VC, Freitas AS, Honório de Souza PR, Chacon Parra AL, Brasil JA, de Medeiros Guedes RF, Pereira de Sousa PC, de Aguiar Cordeiro R, Gadelha Rocha MF, Costa Sidrim JJ, de Souza Collares Maia Castelo Branco D. Repurposing approved drugs as potential efflux pump inhibitors in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:495-508. [PMID: 38629920 PMCID: PMC11216505 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the action of promethazine, fluoxetine and carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone as efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: The effect of the compounds was evaluated in planktonic cells and bacterial biofilms. Accumulation tests were performed with ethidium bromide to prove their action as EPIs. Then, they were associated with antimicrobials. Results: Effect on planktonic cells and biofilms was found. Assays with ethidium bromide indicate their action as EPIs. Significant reductions in the metabolic activity of biofilms were observed after the association with the antimicrobials, especially for meropenem. Conclusion: It is possible to prove the action of these compounds as EPIs for P. aeruginosa and demonstrate the relevance of efflux pumps in antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gláucia Morgana de Melo Guedes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Carvalho Pereira
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Alyne Soares Freitas
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Honório de Souza
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Aura Lucia Chacon Parra
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Jaiane Alves Brasil
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Fonseca de Medeiros Guedes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | | | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60714-903, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo Branco
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
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Zhao M, Geng S, Zhang L, Fan X, Tong F, Meng X, Wang T, Fang X, Mei Q, Pan A. Prevention of urinary tract infection using a silver alloy hydrogel-coated catheter in critically ill patients: A single-center prospective randomized controlled study. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2024; 4:118-124. [PMID: 38263971 PMCID: PMC10800756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Background A new type of silver alloy hydrogel-coated (SAH) catheter has been shown to prevent bacterial adhesion and colonization by generating a microcurrent, and to block the retrograde infection pathway. However, these have only been confirmed in ordinary patients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a SAH catheter for preventing urinary tract infections in critically ill patients. Methods This was a prospective single-center, single-blind, randomized, controlled study. A total of 132 patients requiring indwelling catheterization in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China between October 2022 and February 2023 and who met the study inclusion/exclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the SAH catheter group received a SAH catheter, while patients in the conventional catheter group received a conventional siliconized latex Foley catheter. The main outcome measure was the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Secondary outcome indicators included urine positivity for white blood cells and positive urine cultures on 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, and 14 days after catheterization, number of viable bacteria in the catheter biofilm on day 14, pathogenic characteristics of positive urine cultures, length of ICU stay, overall hospital stay, ICU mortality, and 28-day mortality. All the data were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 68 patients in the conventional catheter group and 64 patients in the SAH catheter group were included in the study. On day 7 after catheter placement, the positivity rate for urinary white blood cells was significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group (33.8% vs. 15.6%, P=0.016). On day 10, the rates of positive urine cultures (27.9% vs. 10.9%, P=0.014) and CAUTIs (22.1% vs. 7.8%, P=0.023) were significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group. On day 14, the numbers of viable bacteria isolated from the catheter tip ([3.21±1.91]×106 colony-forming units [cfu]/mL vs. [7.44±2.22]×104 cfu/mL, P <0.001), balloon segment ([7.30±1.99]×107 cfu/mL vs. [3.48±2.38]×105 cfu/mL, P <0.001), and tail section ([6.41±2.07]×105 cfu/mL vs. [8.50±1.46]×103 cfu/mL, P <0.001) were significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group. The most common bacteria in the urine of patients in both groups were Escherichia coli (n=13) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=6), with only one case of Candida in each group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of ICU hospitalization time, total hospitalization time, ICU mortality, and 28-day mortality. Conclusion SAH catheters can effectively inhibit the formation of catheter-related bacterial biofilms in critically ill patients and reduce the incidence of CAUTIs, compared with conventional siliconized latex Foley catheters; however, regular replacement of the catheter is still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqin Fan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xianlin Meng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Tianfeng Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaowei Fang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Mei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Aijun Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
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Guedes GMDM, Freitas AS, Pinheiro RM, Pereira VC, Melgarejo CMA, de Araujo ES, Ribeiro KVC, Bandeira SP, Cordeiro RDA, Rocha MFG, Sidrim JJC, Castelo-Branco DDSCM. Antibiofilm activity of promethazine, deferiprone, and Manuka honey in an ex vivo wound model. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:ovad119. [PMID: 37791895 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antibiofilm activity of promethazine, deferiprone, and Manuka honey against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and ex vivo in a wound model on porcine skin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the effects of the compounds on biofilms were evaluated. Then, counting colony-forming units (CFUs) and confocal microscopy were performed on biofilms cultivated on porcine skin for evaluation of the compounds. For promethazine, MICs ranging from 97.66 to 781.25 µg/ml and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values ranging from 195.31 to 1562.5 µg/ml were found. In addition to reducing the biomass of both species' biofilms. As for deferiprone, the MICs were 512 and >1024 µg/ml, the MBECs were ≥1024 µg/ml, and it reduced the biomass of biofilms. Manuka honey had MICs of 10%-40%, MBECs of 20 to >40% and reduced the biomass of S. aureus biofilms only. Concerning the analyses in the ex vivo model, the compounds reduced (P < .05) CFU counts for both bacterial species, altering the biofilm architecture. The action of the compounds on biofilms in in vitro and ex vivo tests raises the possibility of using them against biofilm-associated wounds. However, further studies are needed to characterize the mechanisms of action and their effectiveness on biofilms in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gláucia Morgana de Melo Guedes
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel, Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alyne Soares Freitas
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Machado Pinheiro
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Carvalho Pereira
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Carliane Melo Alves Melgarejo
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Silva de Araujo
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Késia Veras Costa Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Silviane Praciano Bandeira
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel, Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel, Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel, Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Avenida Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700 - Itaperi - CEP 60714-903, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel, Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel, Nunes de Melo, 1315 - Rodolfo Teófilo - CEP 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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7
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Guedes GMDM, Melgarejo CMA, Freitas AS, Amando BR, Costa CL, Ocadaque CJ, Gomes FIF, Bandeira SP, de Aguiar Cordeiro R, Gadelha Rocha MF, Sidrim JJC, Castelo-Branco DDSCM. Effect of promethazine on biofilms of gram-positive cocci associated with infectious endocarditis. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:189-203. [PMID: 37144566 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2202313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of promethazine against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus mutans and its effect on the antimicrobial susceptibility of biofilms grown in vitro and ex vivo on porcine heart valves. Promethazine was evaluated alone and in combination with vancomycin and oxacillin against Staphylococcus spp. and vancomycin and ceftriaxone against S. mutans in planktonic form and biofilms grown in vitro and ex vivo. Promethazine minimum inhibitory concentration range was 24.4-95.31 μg/mL and minimum biofilm eradication concentration range was 781.25-3.125 μg/mL. Promethazine interacted synergistically with vancomycin, oxacillin and ceftriaxone against biofilms in vitro. Promethazine alone reduced (p < 0.05) the CFU-counts of biofilms grown on heart valves for Staphylococcus spp., but not for S. mutans, and increased (p < 0.05) the activity of vancomycin, oxacillin and ceftriaxone against biofilms of Gram-positive cocci grown ex vivo. These findings bring perspectives for repurposing promethazine as adjuvant in the treatment of infective endocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gláucia Morgana de Melo Guedes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Carliane Melo Alves Melgarejo
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alyne Soares Freitas
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rocha Amando
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cecília Leite Costa
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Crister José Ocadaque
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Francisco Ivanilsom Firmiano Gomes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Silviane Praciano Bandeira
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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8
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Misera A, Łoniewski I, Palma J, Kulaszyńska M, Czarnecka W, Kaczmarczyk M, Liśkiewicz P, Samochowiec J, Skonieczna-Żydecka K. Clinical significance of microbiota changes under the influence of psychotropic drugs. An updated narrative review. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1125022. [PMID: 36937257 PMCID: PMC10014913 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1125022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Relationship between drugs and microbiota is bilateral. Proper composition thus function of microbiota is a key to some medications used in modern medicine. However, there is also the other side of the coin. Pharmacotherapeutic agents can modify the microbiota significantly, which consequently affects its function. A recently published study showed that nearly 25% of drugs administered to humans have antimicrobial effects. Multiple antidepressants are antimicrobials,. and antibiotics with proven antidepressant effects do exist. On the other hand, antibiotics (e.g., isoniaside, minocycline) confer mental phenotype changes, and adverse effects caused by some antibiotics include neurological and psychological symptoms which further supports the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota may affect the function of the central nervous system. Here we gathered comprehensively data on drugs used in psychiatry regarding their antimicrobial properties. We believe our data has strong implications for the treatment of psychiatric entities. Nevertheless the study of ours highlights the need for more well-designed trials aimed at analysis of gut microbiota function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Misera
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Sanprobi sp. z o.o. sp.k., Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Palma
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Kulaszyńska
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Czarnecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Liśkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka,
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9
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Non-Antibiotic Drug Repositioning as an Alternative Antimicrobial Approach. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11060816. [PMID: 35740222 PMCID: PMC9220406 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide scenario of antibiotic resistance and the falling number of funds for the development of novel antibiotics have led research efforts toward the study of specific cost-effective strategies aimed at discovering drugs against microbial infections. Among the potential options, drug repositioning, which has already exhibited satisfactory results in other medical fields, came out as the most promising. It consists of finding new uses for previously approved medicines and, over the years, many “repurposed drugs” displayed some encouraging in vitro and in vivo results beyond their initial application. The principal theoretical justification for reusing already existing drugs is that they have known mechanisms of action and manageable side effects. Reuse of old drugs is now considered an interesting approach to overcome the drawbacks of conventional antibiotics. The purpose of this review is to offer the reader a panoramic view of the updated studies concerning the repositioning process of different classes of non-antibiotic drugs in the antimicrobial field. Several research works reported the ability of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antidepressants, antipsychotics, and statins to counteract the growth of harmful microorganisms, demonstrating an interesting winning mode to fight infectious diseases caused by antimicrobial resistant bacteria.
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10
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Liu C, Feng S, Ma L, Sun M, Wei Z, Wang J, Chen Z, Guo Y, Shi J, Wu Q. An Amphiphilic Carbonaceous/Nanosilver Composite-Incorporated Urinary Catheter for Long-Term Combating Bacteria and Biofilms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:38029-38039. [PMID: 34357763 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms formed on urinary catheters remain a major headache in the modern healthcare system. Among the various kinds of biocide-releasing urinary catheters that have been developed to prevent biofilm formation, Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs)-coated catheters are of great promising potential. However, the deposition of AgNPs on the surface of catheters suffers from several inherent shortcomings, such as damage to the urethral mucosa, uncontrollable Ag ion kinetics, and unexpected systematic toxicity. Here, AgNPs-decorated amphiphilic carbonaceous particles (ACPs@AgNPs) with commendable dispersity in solvents of different polarities and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity are first prepared. The resulting ACPs@AgNPs exert good compatibility with silicone rubber, which enables the easy fabrication of urinary catheters using a laboratory-made mold. Therefore, ACPs@AgNPs not only endow the urinary catheter with forceful biocidal activity but also improve its mechanical properties and surface wettability. Hence, the designed urinary catheter possesses excellent capacity to resist bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation both in vitro and in an in vivo rabbit model. Specifically, a long-term antibacterial study highlights its sustainable antibacterial activity. Of note, no obvious toxicity or inflammation in rabbits was triggered by the designed urinary catheter in vivo. Overall, the hybrid urinary catheter may serve as a promising biocide-releasing urinary catheter for antibacterial and antibiofilm applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Institutes of Environment and Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shan Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Institutes of Environment and Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Longyu Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Institutes of Environment and Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Mengyao Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Institutes of Environment and Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhihong Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Institutes of Environment and Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Institutes of Environment and Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Environment Monitoring, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yuheng Guo
- Institute of Food Safety and Environment Monitoring, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jiahua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Institutes of Environment and Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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11
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Laser-Irradiated Chlorpromazine as a Potent Anti-Biofilm Agent for Coating of Biomedical Devices. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10121230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, antibiotic resistance has become increasingly common, triggering a global health crisis, immediately needing alternative, including repurposed drugs with potent bactericidal effects. We demonstrated that chlorpromazine aqueous solutions exposed to laser radiation exhibited visible activity against various microorganisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the quantitative antimicrobial activity of chlorpromazine in non-irradiated and 4-h laser irradiated form. Also, we examined the effect of both solutions impregnated on a cotton patch, cannula, and urinary catheter against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. In all experimental versions, the chlorpromazine antimicrobial activity was enhanced by laser exposure. Besides the experimental results, the in silico analyses using molecular docking proved that the improved antimicrobial activity of the irradiated compound was a result of the combined action of the photoproducts on the biological target (s). Our results show that laser radiation could alter the molecular structure of various drugs and their effects, proving to be a promising strategy to halt antibiotic resistance, by repurposing current medicines for new antimicrobial strategies, thereby decreasing the costs and time for the development of more efficient drugs.
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12
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Castelo-Branco DDSCM, Amando BR, Ocadaque CJ, Aguiar LD, Paiva DDDQ, Diógenes EM, Guedes GMDM, Costa CL, Santos-Filho ASP, Andrade ARCD, Cordeiro RDA, Rocha MFG, Sidrim JJC. Mini-review: from in vitro to ex vivo studies: an overview of alternative methods for the study of medical biofilms. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:1129-1148. [PMID: 33349038 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1859499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are a natural adaptation of microorganisms, typically composed of multiple microbial species, exhibiting complex community organization and cooperation. Biofilm dynamics and their complex architecture are challenging for basic analyses, including the number of viable cells, biomass accumulation, biofilm morphology, among others. The methods used to study biofilms range from in vitro techniques to complex in vivo models. However, animal welfare has become a major concern, not only in society, but also in the academic and scientific field. Thus, the pursuit for alternatives to in vivo biofilm analyses presenting characteristics that mimic in vivo conditions has become essential. In this context, the present review proposes to provide an overview of strategies to study biofilms of medical interest, with emphasis on alternatives that approximate experimental conditions to host-associated environments, such as the use of medical devices as substrata for biofilm formation, microcosm and ex vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rocha Amando
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Crister José Ocadaque
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Lara de Aguiar
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Débora Damásio de Queiroz Paiva
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Expedito Maia Diógenes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Morgana de Melo Guedes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Cecília Leite Costa
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Anísio Silvestre Pinheiro Santos-Filho
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel Colares de Andrade
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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13
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Abstract
Aim To demonstrate that myrrh oil preferentially kills nongrowing bacteria and causes no resistance development. Method Growth inhibition was determined on regular plates or plates without nutrients, which were later overlaid with soft agar containing nutrients to continue growth. Killing experiments were done in broth and in buffer without nutrients. Results Bacterial cells were inhibited preferentially in the absence of nutrients or when growth was halted by a bacteriostatic antibiotic. After five passages in myrrh oil, surviving colonies showed no resistance to the antibiotic. Conclusion Myrrh oil has the potential to be a commercially viable antibiotic that kills persister cells and causes no resistance development. This is a rare example of an antibiotic that can preferentially kill nongrowing bacteria.
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14
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Foroohimanjili F, Mirzaie A, Hamdi SMM, Noorbazargan H, Hedayati Ch M, Dolatabadi A, Rezaie H, Bishak FM. Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antiquorum sensing activities of phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles fabricated from Mespilus germanica extract against multidrug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:216-230. [PMID: 31994223 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antiquorum sensing activities of phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated from Mespilus germanica extract against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Fifty strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated from various clinical specimens. Biofilm-forming strains were identified using Congo red agar and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Subsequently, the antibacterial activity of phytosynthesized AgNPs on MDR K. pneumoniae strains was investigated by broth microdilution assay and agar well-diffusion method. Finally (in the last step), the antibiofilm activity of phytosynthesized AgNPs was determined using microtiter plate assay and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) methods for the analysis of type 3 fimbriae (mrkA) and quorum-sensing system (luxS) gene expression. The results of this study showed that the phytosynthesized AgNPs had a spherical nanostructure with the mean size of 17.60 nm. The AgNPs exhibited dose-dependent antibacterial activity. The results of the microtiter plate and RT-PCR methods show that AgNPs inhibited the biofilm formation in MDR K. pneumoniae strains, and the expressions of mrkA and luxS genes were downregulated significantly in MDR strains after treatment with a subminimum inhibitory concentration of AgNPs. In conclusion, AgNPs effectively prevent the formation of biofilms and kill bacteria in established biofilms, which suggests that AgNPs might be a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-related infections caused by MDR K. pneumoniae strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amir Mirzaie
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch, Roudehen, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Noorbazargan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hedayati Ch
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Aghigh Dolatabadi
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Rezaie
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh M Bishak
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
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