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Vaz-Rodrigues R, Feo Brito F, Guzmán Rodríguez R, Mazuecos L, de la Fuente J. Allergic reactions associated with medically relevant arthropods. Ann Med 2023; 55:2286531. [PMID: 38010429 PMCID: PMC10836243 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2286531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vector-borne diseases are a growing burden worldwide. In particular, the risks of allergic reactions to bites are associated with growing arthropod populations in contact with the public. The diversity of allergic reactions associated with host and arthropod factors difficult disease diagnosis, prognosis and prevention. Therefore, arthropod-associated allergies are underdiagnosed and require better surveillance of arthropod populations and disease diagnosis and management. METHODS To face these challenges, in this study, we describe five cases to illustrate arthropod-associated allergies with different symptomatology, including alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) associated with anti-alpha-gal IgE antibody titres. Information on symptoms in response to arthropod bites was collected from patients and medical doctors. RESULTS The five cases included patients bitten by a robber fly and different tick species. Cases were in Spain or U.S.A. Two cases were diagnosed with AGS and one case was diagnosed with anaphylaxis in response to tick bite with high anti-alpha-gal IgE levels. The symptoms in response to arthropod bites vary between different cases. CONCLUSION Allergic reactions and symptoms in response to arthropod bites vary in association with host and arthropod factors. Herein we propose recommendations to control allergic symptoms, associated disease risk factors and the way forward to advance in the prevention and control of arthropod-associated allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Vaz-Rodrigues
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Francisco Feo Brito
- Medicine School, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha (UCLM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Lorena Mazuecos
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, OK State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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2
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Vaz-Rodrigues R, Mazuecos L, Villar M, Urra JM, Gortázar C, de la Fuente J. Serum biomarkers for nutritional status as predictors in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination. J Funct Foods 2023; 101:105412. [PMID: 36644001 PMCID: PMC9829648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize serum protein biomarkers for nutritional status that may be used as predictors for disease symptomatology in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination. In pre-vaccine cohorts, proteomics analysis revealed significant differences between groups, with serum proteins alpha-1-acid glycoproteins (AGPs) 1 and 2, C-reactive protein (CRP) and retinol binding protein (RBP) increasing with COVID-19 severity, in contrast with serum albumin, transthyretin (TTR) and serotransferrin (TF) reduction as the symptomatology increased. Immunoassay reproduced and validated proteomics results of serum proteins albumin and RBP. In post-vaccine cohorts, the results showed the same pattern as in pre-vaccine cohorts for serum proteins AGPs, CRP, albumin and TTR. However, TF levels were similar between groups and RBP presented a slight reduction as COVID-19 symptomatology increased. In these cohorts, immunoassay validated proteomics results of serum proteins albumin, TTR and TF. Additionally, immune response to α-Gal in pre-vaccine cohorts varied in predominant immunoglobulin type profile, while post-vaccine groups presented mainly anti-α-Gal protective IgG antibodies. The study identified serum nutritional biomarkers that could potentially predict an accurate prognostic of COVID-19 disease to provide an appropriate nutritional care and guidance in non-vaccinated and vaccinated individuals against SARS-CoV-2. These results highlight the importance of designing personalized nutrition protocols to improve diet along with the application of prebiotics or probiotics for the control of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Vaz-Rodrigues
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Lorena Mazuecos
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Margarita Villar
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain,Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science and Chemical Technologies, and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José Miguel Urra
- Immunology, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain,Medicine School, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha (UCLM), 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Christian Gortázar
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José de la Fuente
- Health and Biotechnology (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA,Corresponding author at: SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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3
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de la Fuente J. Art-science multidisciplinary collaborations to address the scientific challenges posed by COVID-19. Ann Med 2022; 54:2535-2548. [PMID: 36111779 PMCID: PMC9487962 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2123557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus pandemic COVID-19 constitutes a scientific and social challenge. The application of mixed-methods research with multidisciplinary collaborations increases the success of experimental design and interpretation of results to approach scientific challenges. The objective is to develop and implement protean art algorithms with interactions between artists and scientists for scientific research in areas of molecular biology, immunology, ecology and biomedicine. In this perspective, artists were invited to contribute pieces related to the pandemic, and scientists were then challenged to contribute their view and proposed research inspired by artist contribution to face COVID-19 scientific challenges. Proposed research objectives inspired by artist contributions contribute to approach COVID-19 scientific and social challenges with results that may translate into new diagnosis and control interventions. The proposed research objectives approach vaccine protective mechanisms and the development of nutritional interventions with possible impact on boosting protective response to vaccination, the impact of fuel pollutants on host immunity and virus transmission, the possible role of ectoparasite vectors in the appearance of SARS-CoV-2 variants and virus transmission, collaboration between different sectors to contribute to virus surveillance and reduce risks of contagion, characterization of the incidence of zoonotic diseases during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to modifications in the interactions between humans and reservoir animal species, evaluation of the risks associated with sexual or congenital transmission of SARS-CoV-2, development of new methods for the easy and rapid detection of very low SARS-CoV-2 virus amounts in infected but asymptomatic individuals, and understanding society perceptions about the socio-ecological relationships between decoupled environments and the risks and effects of pandemics. This approach may be used to promote social participation in science through combined scientific and artistic perspectives with impact on science and society.KEY MESSAGEMixed-methods research with multidisciplinary collaborations increases the success of experimental design and interpretation of results.Implementation of protean art algorithms through interactions between artists and scientists advances scientific research.Proposed research objectives inspired by artist contributions contribute to approach COVID-19 scientific and social challenges with results that may translate into new diagnosis and control interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de la Fuente
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, SaBio, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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4
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de la Fuente J. Approaching Challenges Posed by SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Variants. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121407. [PMID: 36558741 PMCID: PMC9781686 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this new collection of the most viewed and cited papers, one of the Editor's chosen articles, published in Pathogens in 2021, addressed the impact and the concerns relating to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Correspondence:
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5
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Macdougall JD, Thomas KO, Iweala OI. The Meat of the Matter: Understanding and Managing Alpha-Gal Syndrome. Immunotargets Ther 2022; 11:37-54. [PMID: 36134173 PMCID: PMC9484563 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s276872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-gal syndrome is an unconventional food allergy, characterized by IgE-mediated hypersensitivity responses to the glycan galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) and not to a food-protein. In this review, we discuss how alpha-gal syndrome reframes our current conception of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of food allergy. The development of alpha-gal IgE is associated with tick bites though the possibility of other parasites promoting sensitization to alpha-gal remains. We review the immune cell populations involved in the sensitization and effector phases of alpha-gal syndrome and describe the current understanding of why allergic responses to ingested alpha-gal can be delayed by several hours. We review the foundation of management in alpha-gal syndrome, namely avoidance, but also discuss the use of antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, and the emerging role of complementary and alternative therapies, biological products, and oral immunotherapy in the management of this condition. Alpha-gal syndrome influences the safety and tolerability of medications and medical devices containing or derived from mammalian products and impacts quality of life well beyond food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Macdougall
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Food Allergy Initiative, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kevin O Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Food Allergy Initiative, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Onyinye I Iweala
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Food Allergy Initiative, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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6
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Kasaija PD, Contreras M, Kabi F, Mugerwa S, Garrido JM, Gortazar C, de la Fuente J. Oral vaccine formulation combining tick Subolesin with heat inactivated mycobacteria provides control of cross-species cattle tick infestations. Vaccine 2022; 40:4564-4573. [PMID: 35728991 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tick vaccines are necessary as part of a One Health approach for the control of tick infestations and tick-borne diseases. Subolesin (SUB, also known as 4D8) is a tick protective antigen that has shown efficacy in vaccine formulations for the control of ectoparasite infestations and pathogen infection/transmission. A recent proof-of-concept study reported oral vaccination combining Rhipicephalus microplus SUB with heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis (IV) as an immunostimulant for the control of cattle tick infestations. Based on the efficacy of Rhipicephalus decoloratus SUB for the control of multiple cattle tick species in Uganda, herein we design a controlled pen trial using an oral formulation combining R. decoloratus SUB with IV for the control of R. decoloratus and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus cattle tick infestations. Vaccine efficacy (E) of SUB + IV on tick life cycle was compared with IV and SUB alone and with PBS as control. The IgG antibody titers against SUB and M. bovis P22 and the serum levels of selected protein immune biomarkers (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, C3) were determined and analyzed as possible correlates of protection. Oral immunization with IV and SUB alone and in SUB + IV combination were effective for the control of tick infestations (E = 71-96% for R. decoloratus and 87-99% for R. appendiculatus) with highest E (higher than 95%) for SUB + IV. The results demonstrated that oral immunization with the SUB + IV formulation resulted in effective control of cattle tick infestations through the activation of multiple immune mechanisms. These results support the application of oral vaccine formulations with SUB + IV for the control of cattle infestations with Rhipicephalus species towards improving animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Kasaija
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI/NARO), P.O. Box 5704, Wakiso District, Uganda
| | - Marinela Contreras
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Fredrick Kabi
- National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI/NARO), P.O. Box 5704, Wakiso District, Uganda
| | - Swidiq Mugerwa
- National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI/NARO), P.O. Box 5704, Wakiso District, Uganda
| | - Joseba M Garrido
- NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, Animal Health Department, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park 812L, 48160 Derio (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Christian Gortazar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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7
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Functional characterization of α-Gal producing lactic acid bacteria with potential probiotic properties. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7484. [PMID: 35524154 PMCID: PMC9075922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility of exploiting the human immune response to glycan α-Gal for the control of multiple infectious diseases has been the objective of recent investigations. In this field of research, the strain of Escherichia coli O86:B7 has been at the forefront, but this Gram-negative microorganism presents a safety concern and therefore cannot be considered as a probiotic. To address this challenge, this study explored the identification of novel lactic acid bacteria with a safe history of use, producing α-Gal and having probiotic potential. The lactic acid bacteria were isolated from different traditionally fermented foods (kununn-zaki, kindirmo, and pulque) and were screened for the production of α-Gal and some specific probiotic potential indicators. The results showed that Ten (10) out of forty (40) [25%] of the tested lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produced α-Gal and were identified as Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Levilactobacillus brevis, Agrilactobacillus composti, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Weissella confusa. Four (4) LAB strains with highest levels of α-Gal were further selected for in vivo study using a mouse model (α1,3GT KO mice) to elucidate the immunological response to α-Gal. The level of anti-α-Gal IgG observed were not significant while the level of anti-α-Gal IgM was lower in comparison to the level elicited by E. coli O86:B7. We concluded that the lactic acid bacteria in this study producing α-Gal have potential probiotic capacity and can be further explored in α-Gal-focused research for both the prevention and treatment of various infectious diseases and probiotic development.
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8
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Villar M, Pacheco I, Mateos-Hernández L, Cabezas-Cruz A, Tabor AE, Rodríguez-Valle M, Mulenga A, Kocan KM, Blouin EF, de la Fuente J. Characterization of tick salivary gland and saliva alphagalactome reveals candidate alpha-gal syndrome disease biomarkers. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:1099-1116. [PMID: 34904495 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.2018305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ticks are obligate hematophagous arthropods that synthesize the glycan Galα1-3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R (α-Gal) associated with the alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) or allergy to mammalian meat consumption. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this study, we used a proteomics approach to characterize tick proteins in salivary glands (sialome SG), secreted saliva (sialome SA) and with α-Gal modification (alphagalactome SG and SA) in model tick species associated with the AGS in the United States (Amblyomma americanum) and Australia (Ixodes holocyclus). Selected proteins reactive to sera (IgE) from patients with AGS were identified to advance in the identification of possible proteins associated with the AGS. For comparative analysis, the α-Gal content was measured in various tick species. RESULTS The results confirmed that ticks produce proteins with α-Gal modifications and secreted into saliva during feeding. Proteins identified in tick alphagalactome SA by sera from patients with severe AGS symptomatology may constitute candidate disease biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS The results support the presence tick-derived proteins with α-Gal modifications in the saliva with potential implications in AGS and other disorders and protective capacity against tick infestations and pathogen infection. Future research should focus on the characterization of the function of tick glycoproteins with α-Gal in tick biology and AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Villar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.,Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science and Chemical Technologies, and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Iván Pacheco
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Lourdes Mateos-Hernández
- UMR BIPAR, INRAE, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, 94700, France
| | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- UMR BIPAR, INRAE, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, 94700, France
| | - Ala E Tabor
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture & Food Innovation, Centre for Animal Science, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, 68 Cooper Road, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Valle
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture & Food Innovation, Centre for Animal Science, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Albert Mulenga
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX77843, United States
| | - Katherine M Kocan
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Edmour F Blouin
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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9
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Gilroy R. Welcome to the 14th volume of Immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2021; 14:1-4. [PMID: 34889117 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gilroy
- Future Science Group, Unitec House, 2 Albert Place, Finchley, London N3 1QB, UK
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10
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de la Fuente J, Contreras M. Vaccinomics: a future avenue for vaccine development against emerging pathogens. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:1561-1569. [PMID: 34582295 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1987222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccines are a major achievement in medical sciences, but the development of more effective vaccines against infectious diseases is essential for prevention and control of emerging pathogens worldwide. The application of omics technologies has advanced vaccinology through the characterization of host-vector-pathogen molecular interactions and the identification of candidate protective antigens. However, major challenges such as host immunity, pathogen and environmental factors, vaccine efficacy and safety need to be addressed. Vaccinomics provides a platform to address these challenges and improve vaccine efficacy and safety. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize current information on vaccinomics and propose quantum vaccinomics approaches to further advance vaccine development through the identification and combination of antigen protective epitopes, the immunological quantum. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is an example of emerging infectious diseases with global impact on human health. EXPERT OPINION Vaccines are required for the effective and environmentally sustainable intervention for the control of emerging infectious diseases worldwide. Recent advances in vaccinomics provide a platform to address challenges in improving vaccine efficacy and implementation. As proposed here, quantum vaccinomics will contribute to vaccine development, efficacy, and safety by facilitating antigen combinations to target pathogen infection and transmission in emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto De Investigación En Recursos Cinegéticos Irec-csic-uclm-jccm, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Marinela Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, Spain
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11
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Villar M, Urra JM, Rodríguez-Del-Río FJ, Artigas-Jerónimo S, Jiménez-Collados N, Ferreras-Colino E, Contreras M, de Mera IGF, Estrada-Peña A, Gortázar C, de la Fuente J. Characterization by Quantitative Serum Proteomics of Immune-Related Prognostic Biomarkers for COVID-19 Symptomatology. Front Immunol 2021; 12:730710. [PMID: 34566994 PMCID: PMC8457011 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.730710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 challenges the understanding of factors affecting disease progression and severity. The identification of prognostic biomarkers and physiological processes associated with disease symptoms is relevant for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic interventions to contribute to the control of this pandemic. To address this challenge, in this study, we used a quantitative proteomics together with multiple data analysis algorithms to characterize serum protein profiles in five cohorts from healthy to SARS-CoV-2-infected recovered (hospital discharge), nonsevere (hospitalized), and severe [at the intensive care unit (ICU)] cases with increasing systemic inflammation in comparison with healthy individuals sampled prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed significantly dysregulated proteins and associated biological processes and disorders associated to COVID-19. These results corroborated previous findings in COVID-19 studies and highlighted how the representation of dysregulated serum proteins and associated BPs increases with COVID-19 disease symptomatology from asymptomatic to severe cases. The analysis was then focused on novel disease processes and biomarkers that were correlated with disease symptomatology. To contribute to translational medicine, results corroborated the predictive value of selected immune-related biomarkers for disease recovery [Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) and Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON1)], severity [Carboxypeptidase B2 (CBP2)], and symptomatology [Pregnancy zone protein (PZP)] using protein-specific ELISA tests. Our results contributed to the characterization of SARS-CoV-2–host molecular interactions with potential contributions to the monitoring and control of this pandemic by using immune-related biomarkers associated with disease symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Villar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science and Chemical Technologies, and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José Miguel Urra
- Immunology, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Medicine School, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Sara Artigas-Jerónimo
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Elisa Ferreras-Colino
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Marinela Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Agustín Estrada-Peña
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Christian Gortázar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
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12
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Probiotic Bacteria with High Alpha-Gal Content Protect Zebrafish against Mycobacteriosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070635. [PMID: 34208966 PMCID: PMC8308674 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacteriosis affects wild fish and aquaculture worldwide, and alternatives to antibiotics are needed for an effective and environmentally sound control of infectious diseases. Probiotics have shown beneficial effects on fish growth, nutrient metabolism, immune responses, disease prevention and control, and gut microbiota with higher water quality. However, the identification and characterization of the molecules and mechanisms associated with probiotics is a challenge that requires investigation. To address this challenge, herein we used the zebrafish model for the study of the efficacy and mechanisms of probiotic interventions against tuberculosis. First, bacteria from fish gut microbiota were identified with high content of the surface glycotope Galα1-3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R (α-Gal) that has been shown to induce protective immune responses. The results showed that probiotics of selected bacteria with high α-Gal content, namely Aeromonas veronii and Pseudomonas entomophila, were biosafe and effective for the control of Mycobacterium marinum. Protective mechanisms regulating immunity and metabolism activated in response to α-Gal and probiotics with high α-Gal content included modification of gut microbiota composition, B-cell maturation, anti-α-Gal antibodies-mediated control of mycobacteria, induced innate immune responses, beneficial effects on nutrient metabolism and reduced oxidative stress. These results support the potential of probiotics with high -Gal content for the control of fish mycobacteriosis and suggested the possibility of exploring the development of combined probiotic treatments alone and in combination with -Gal for the control of infectious diseases.
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Tick-human interactions: from allergic klendusity to the α-Gal syndrome. Biochem J 2021; 478:1783-1794. [PMID: 33988703 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ticks and the pathogens they transmit, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and helminths, constitute a growing burden for human and animal health worldwide. The ability of some animal species to acquire resistance to blood-feeding by ticks after a single or repeated infestation is known as acquired tick resistance (ATR). This resistance has been associated to tick-specific IgE response, the generation of skin-resident memory CD4+ T cells, basophil recruitment, histamine release, and epidermal hyperplasia. ATR has also been associated with protection to tick-borne tularemia through allergic klendusity, a disease-escaping ability produced by the development of hypersensitivity to an allergen. In addition to pathogen transmission, tick infestation in humans is associated with the α-Gal syndrome (AGS), a type of allergy characterized by an IgE response against the carbohydrate Galα1-3Gal (α-Gal). This glycan is present in tick salivary proteins and on the surface of tick-borne pathogens such as Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agents of Lyme disease and granulocytic anaplasmosis. Most α-Gal-sensitized individuals develop IgE specific against this glycan, but only a small fraction develop the AGS. This review summarizes our current understanding of ATR and its impact on the continuum α-Gal sensitization, allergy, and the AGS. We propose that the α-Gal-specific IgE response in humans is an evolutionary adaptation associated with ATR and allergic klendusity with the trade-off of developing AGS.
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de la Fuente J. Translational biotechnology for the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 12:101738. [PMID: 34023540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBD) represent a challenge for human and animal health worldwide. Climate change, distribution of tick hosts, and ecological and anthropogenically-induced changes contribute to the geographic expansion of ticks and tick-borne pathogens. Traditional control methods are based on the use of acaricides to reduce tick infestations, but vaccines represent a more effective, sustainable and environmentally sound approach for the control of ticks and TBD. Recent application of omics technologies to the study of the mechanisms involved in tick-host-pathogen interactions have advanced the characterization of molecular mechanisms involved in TBD and the identification of candidate vaccine protective antigens. However, as discussed in this opinion paper, translational biotechnology may translate into novel interventions required to advance in addressing the challenge that ticks and TBD represent for world health and economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de la Fuente
- SaBio. Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA..
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