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Gupta SS, Singh KP, Gupta S, Dusinska M, Rahman Q. Do Carbon Nanotubes and Asbestos Fibers Exhibit Common Toxicity Mechanisms? NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101708. [PMID: 35630938 PMCID: PMC9145953 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades several nanoscale materials were engineered for industrial and medical applications. Among them carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most exploited nanomaterials with global production of around 1000 tons/year. Besides several commercial benefits of CNTs, the fiber-like structures and their bio-persistency in lung tissues raise serious concerns about the possible adverse human health effects resembling those of asbestos fibers. In this review, we present a comparative analysis between CNTs and asbestos fibers using the following four parameters: (1) fibrous needle-like shape, (2) bio-persistent nature, (3) high surface to volume ratio and (4) capacity to adsorb toxicants/pollutants on the surface. We also compare mechanisms underlying the toxicity caused by certain diameters and lengths of CNTs and asbestos fibers using downstream pathways associated with altered gene expression data from both asbestos and CNT exposure. Our results suggest that indeed certain types of CNTs are emulating asbestos fiber as far as associated toxicity is concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchi Smita Gupta
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany; (S.S.G.); (K.P.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Krishna P. Singh
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany; (S.S.G.); (K.P.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Shailendra Gupta
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany; (S.S.G.); (K.P.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2007 Kjeller, Norway;
| | - Qamar Rahman
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Lucknow 226028, India
- Correspondence:
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2
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Kim SH, Lee DH, Choi S, Yang JY, Jung K, Jeong J, Oh JH, Lee JH. Skin Sensitization Potential and Cellular ROS-Induced Cytotoxicity of Silica Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082140. [PMID: 34443968 PMCID: PMC8399877 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, various industries using nanomaterials are growing rapidly, and in particular, as the commercialization and use of nanomaterials increase in the cosmetic field, the possibility of exposure of nanomaterials to the skin of product producers and consumers is increasing. Due to the unique properties of nanomaterials with a very small size, they can act as hapten and induce immune responses and skin sensitization, so accurate identification of toxicity is required. Therefore, we selected silica nanomaterials used in various fields such as cosmetics and biomaterials and evaluated the skin sensitization potential step-by-step according to in-vitro and in-vivo alternative test methods. KeratinoSensTM cells of modified keratinocyte and THP-1 cells mimicking dendritic-cells were treated with silica nanoparticles, and their potential for skin sensitization and cytotoxicity were evaluated, respectively. We also confirmed the sensitizing ability of silica nanoparticles in the auricle-lymph nodes of BALB/C mice by in-vivo analysis. As a result, silica nanoparticles showed high protein binding and reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated cytotoxicity, but no significant observation of skin sensitization indicators was observed. Although more studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of skin sensitization by nanomaterials, the results of this study showed that silica nanoparticles did not induce skin sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Kim
- Correspondence: (S.-H.K.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-43-719-5110 (S.-H.K.); +82-43-719-5106 (J.H.L.); Fax.: +82-43-719-5100 (S.-H.K. & J.H.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jin Hee Lee
- Correspondence: (S.-H.K.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-43-719-5110 (S.-H.K.); +82-43-719-5106 (J.H.L.); Fax.: +82-43-719-5100 (S.-H.K. & J.H.L.)
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3
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Farr AC, Hogan KJ, Mikos AG. Nanomaterial Additives for Fabrication of Stimuli-Responsive Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering Constructs. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000730. [PMID: 32691983 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss necessitates novel tissue engineering strategies for skeletal muscle repair, which have traditionally involved cells and extracellular matrix-mimicking scaffolds and have thus far been unable to successfully restore physiologically relevant function. However, the incorporation of various nanomaterial additives with unique physicochemical properties into scaffolds has recently been explored as a means of fabricating constructs that are responsive to electrical, magnetic, and photothermal stimulation. Herein, several classes of nanomaterials that are used to mediate external stimulation to tissue engineered skeletal muscle are reviewed and the impact of these stimuli-responsive biomaterials on cell growth and differentiation and in vivo muscle repair is discussed. The degradation kinetics and biocompatibilities of these nanomaterial additives are also briefly examined and their potential for incorporation into clinically translatable skeletal muscle tissue engineering strategies is considered. Overall, these nanomaterial additives have proven efficacious and incorporation in tissue engineering scaffolds has resulted in enhanced functional skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Corbin Farr
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA
| | - Katie J Hogan
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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4
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Nezakati T, Seifalian A, Tan A, Seifalian AM. Conductive Polymers: Opportunities and Challenges in Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6766-6843. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Nezakati
- Google Inc.., Mountain View, California 94043, United States
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Tan
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander M. Seifalian
- NanoRegMed Ltd. (Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre), The London Innovation BioScience Centre, London NW1 0NH, United Kingdom
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5
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Bi J, Li Y, Wang H, Song Y, Cong S, Yu C, Zhu BW, Tan M. Presence and Formation Mechanism of Foodborne Carbonaceous Nanostructures from Roasted Pike Eel ( Muraenesox cinereus). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:2862-2869. [PMID: 28613868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne nanostructures have gained more and more attention in recent years. In this paper, the presence and physicochemical properties of carbonaceous nanostructures (CNSs) from roasted pike eel ( Muraenesox cinereus) were reported. The monodispersed CNSs are strongly photoluminescent under the illustration of ultraviolet (UV) light, with a fluorescent quantum yield of 80.16%, and display excitation-dependent emission behavior. The formation of CNSs is believed to go through a process of morphology evolution, including polymerization, pyrolysis, nucleation, growth, emergence, and blossom. The optical properties of the CNSs were shown to be affected by the roasting temperature. Furthermore, cellular uptake of the CNSs was investigated, and it is shown that the CNSs were clearly absorbed into live cells and were mainly distributed within the cell cytoplasm and not in the cell nucleus. This work is among the very first reports on CNSs present in roasted fish, providing valuable insights into the formation mechanism of such nanostructures and showcasing the biodistribution of these food-originated CNSs in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Bi
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , Jiangsu 212013 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Li
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Song
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Cong
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxu Yu
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , Jiangsu 212013 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
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Nunes A, Pansare VJ, Beziere N, Ntoukas AK, Reber J, Bruzek M, Anthony J, Prud’homme RK, Ntziachristos V. Quenched hexacene optoacoustic nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:44-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02633a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Flash NanoPrecipitation allows for the creation of optoacoustic imaging agents with tunable size and strong signal for biomedical imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Nunes
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging
- Helmholtz Zentrum München and Technische Universität München
- D-85764 Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Vikram J. Pansare
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Princeton University
- Princeton
- USA
| | - Nicolas Beziere
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging
- Helmholtz Zentrum München and Technische Universität München
- D-85764 Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Argiris Kolokithas Ntoukas
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging
- Helmholtz Zentrum München and Technische Universität München
- D-85764 Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Josefine Reber
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging
- Helmholtz Zentrum München and Technische Universität München
- D-85764 Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Matthew Bruzek
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Kentucky
- Lexington
- USA
| | - John Anthony
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Kentucky
- Lexington
- USA
| | - Robert K. Prud’homme
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Princeton University
- Princeton
- USA
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging
- Helmholtz Zentrum München and Technische Universität München
- D-85764 Neuherberg
- Germany
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7
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FANIZZA C, CASCIARDI S, INCORONATO F, CAVALLO D, URSINI C, CIERVO A, MAIELLO R, FRESEGNA A, MARCELLONI A, LEGA D, ALVINO A, BAIGUERA S. Human epithelial cells exposed to functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes: interactions and cell surface modifications. J Microsc 2015; 259:173-84. [DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - D. CAVALLO
- INAIL; DMEILA; Monteporzio Catone Rome Italy
| | - C.L. URSINI
- INAIL; DMEILA; Monteporzio Catone Rome Italy
| | - A. CIERVO
- INAIL; DMEILA; Monteporzio Catone Rome Italy
| | - R. MAIELLO
- INAIL; DMEILA; Monteporzio Catone Rome Italy
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8
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Lee S, Khang D, Kim SH. High dispersity of carbon nanotubes diminishes immunotoxicity in spleen. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:2697-710. [PMID: 25878502 PMCID: PMC4388092 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s80836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND From the various physiochemical material properties, the chemical functionalization order of single-walled carbon nanotubes (swCNTs) has not been considered as a critical factor for modulating immunological responses and toxicological aspects in drug delivery applications. Although most nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes, are specifically accumulated in spleen, few studies have focused on spleen immunotoxicity. For this reason, this study demonstrated that the dispersity of swCNTs significantly influenced immunotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS For cytotoxicity of swCNTs, MTT assay, reactive oxygen species production, superoxide dismutase activity, cellular uptake, and confocal microscopy were used in macrophages. In the in vivo study, female BALB/c mice were intravenously administered with 1 mg/kg/day of swCNTs for 2 weeks. The body weight, organ weight, hematological change, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and lymphocyte population were evaluated. RESULTS Different orders of chemical functionalization of swCNTs controlled immunotoxicity. In short, less-dispersed swCNTs caused cytotoxicity in macrophages and abnormalities in immune organs such as spleen, whereas highly dispersed swCNTs did not result in immunotoxicity. CONCLUSION This study clarified that increasing carboxyl groups on swCNTs significantly mitigated immunotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Our findings clarified the effective immunotoxicological factors of swCNTs by increasing dispersity of swCNTs and provided useful guidelines for the effective use of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Lee
- CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoo Khang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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9
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Beziere N, Lozano N, Nunes A, Salichs J, Queiros D, Kostarelos K, Ntziachristos V. Dynamic imaging of PEGylated indocyanine green (ICG) liposomes within the tumor microenvironment using multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT). Biomaterials 2015; 37:415-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Koromilas ND, Lainioti GC, Gialeli C, Barbouri D, Kouravelou KB, Karamanos NK, Voyiatzis GA, Kallitsis JK. Preparation and toxicological assessment of functionalized carbon nanotube-polymer hybrids. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107029. [PMID: 25229474 PMCID: PMC4167694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Hybrids were synthesized as potential materials for the development of membranes for water treatment applications in the field of Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs). Due to the toxicological concerns regarding the use of nanomaterials in water treatment as well as the rising demand for safe drinking water to protect public health, we studied the functionalization of MWCNTs and Thin-MWCNTs as to control their properties and increase their ability of embedment into porous anisotropic polymeric membranes. Following the growth of the hydrophilic monomer on the surface of the properly functionalized CNTs, that act as initiator for the controlled radical polymerization (ATRP) of sodium styrene sulfonate (SSNa), the antimicrobial quaternized phosphonium and ammonium salts were attached on CNTs-g-PSSNa through non-covalent bonding. In another approach the covalent attachment of quaternized ammonium polymeric moieties of acrylic acid-vinyl benzyl chloride copolymers with N,N-dimethylhexadecylamine (P(AA12-co-VBCHAM)) on functionalized CNTs has also been attempted. Finally, the toxicological assessment in terms of cell viability and cell morphological changes revealed that surface characteristics play a major role in the biological response of functionalized CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos D. Koromilas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) / Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Rio-Patras, Greece
| | - Georgia Ch. Lainioti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) / Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Rio-Patras, Greece
| | - Chrisostomi Gialeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) / Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Rio-Patras, Greece
| | - Despoina Barbouri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) / Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Rio-Patras, Greece
| | | | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) / Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Rio-Patras, Greece
- * E-mail: (JKK); (NKK)
| | - George A. Voyiatzis
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) / Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Rio-Patras, Greece
| | - Joannis K. Kallitsis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) / Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Rio-Patras, Greece
- * E-mail: (JKK); (NKK)
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11
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Žganec M, Žerovnik E. Amyloid fibrils compared to peptide nanotubes. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2944-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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12
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Differences in cytotoxic, genotoxic, and inflammatory response of bronchial and alveolar human lung epithelial cells to pristine and COOH-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:359506. [PMID: 25147797 PMCID: PMC4131553 DOI: 10.1155/2014/359506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized MWCNTs are used in many commercial and biomedical applications, but their potential health effects are not well defined. We investigated and compared cytotoxic, genotoxic/oxidative, and inflammatory effects of pristine and carboxyl MWCNTs exposing human respiratory (A549 and BEAS-2B) cells to 1-40 μg/mL of CNTs for 24 h. Both MWCNTs induced low viability reduction (by WST1 assay) in A549 cells and only MWCNTs-COOH caused high viability reduction in BEAS-2B cells reaching 28.5% viability at 40 μg/mL. Both CNTs induced membrane damage (by LDH assay) with higher effects in BEAS-2B cells at the highest concentrations reaching 20% cytotoxicity at 40 μg/mL. DNA damage (by Fpg-comet assay) was induced by pristine MWCNTs in A549 cells and by both MWCNTs in BEAS-2B cells reaching for MWCNTs-COOH a tail moment of 22.2 at 40 μg/mL versus 10.2 of unexposed cells. Increases of IL-6 and IL-8 release (by ELISA) were detected in A549 cells exposed to MWCNTs-COOH from 10 μg/mL while IL-8 increased in BEAS-2B cells exposed to pristine MWCNTs at 20 and 40 μg/mL. The results show higher cytogenotoxicity of MWCNTs-COOH in bronchial and of pristine MWCNTs in alveolar cells. Different inflammatory response was also found. The findings suggest the use of in vitro models with different end points and cells to study CNT toxicity.
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13
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Kazemi-Beydokhti A, Zeinali Heris S, Reza Jaafari M, Nikoofal-Sahlabadi S, Tafaghodi M, Hatamipoor M. Microwave functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube as nanocarrier for the delivery of anticancer drug cisplatin: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Lanone S, Andujar P, Kermanizadeh A, Boczkowski J. Determinants of carbon nanotube toxicity. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:2063-9. [PMID: 23928473 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years questions have been raised regarding the potential toxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to humans and environment. It is believed that the physico-chemical characteristics of these materials are key determinants of CNT interaction with living organisms, and hence determine their toxicity. As for other nanomaterials, the most important of these characteristics are the length, diameter, surface area, tendency to agglomerate, bio-durability, presence and nature of catalyst residues as well as chemical functionalization of the CNT. This review highlights the recent advancements in the understanding of the CNT properties which are essential in determining CNT toxicity. Hence the focus is on CNT dimensions, surface properties, bio-durability and corona formation as these fields have evolved greatly in recent years. A deeper understanding of these events and their underlying mechanisms could provide a molecular explanation of the biological and physiological responses following CNT administration and therefore help in the development of safe by design materials.
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15
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Cytocompatibility evaluation of glycol-chitosan coated boron nitride nanotubes in human endothelial cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 111:142-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Mehra NK, Jain NK. Development, characterization and cancer targeting potential of surface engineered carbon nanotubes. J Drug Target 2013; 21:745-58. [PMID: 23822734 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.813028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro and in vivo potential of doxorubicin-loaded, folic acid appended engineered multi-walled carbon nanotubes (DOX/FA-PEG-MWCNTs) for efficient tumor targeting. The loading efficiency was determined to be 92.0 ± 0.92 (DOX/FA-PEG-MWCNTs) in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) ascribed to π-π stacking interaction. The developed nanoconjugates were evaluated for in vitro DOX release, erythrocytes toxicity, ex vivo cytotoxicity and cell uptake studies on MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line). The DOX/FA-PEG-MWCNTs nanoconjugate affords higher efficacy in tumor growth suppression due to its stealth nature and most preferentially taken up by the cultured MCF-7 through caveolae-mediated endocytosis as compared to free DOX. The in vivo studies were performed to determine the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and antitumor efficacy on tumor bearing female Sprague Dawley rats and improved pharmacokinetics confirm the function of FA-PEG conjugated CNTs. The median survival time for tumor bearing rats treated with DOX/FA-PEG-MWCNTs (30 d) was extended very significantly as compared to free DOX (p < 0.001). The results concluded that developed water-soluble nano-conjugates might emerge as "safe and effective" nano-medicine in cancer treatment by minimizing the side effects with and Generally Regarded as Safe prominence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Central University, Sagar, India
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17
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Safety evaluation of engineered nanomaterials for health risk assessment: an experimental tiered testing approach using pristine and functionalized carbon nanotubes. ISRN TOXICOLOGY 2013; 2013:825427. [PMID: 23724301 PMCID: PMC3658371 DOI: 10.1155/2013/825427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing application of engineered nanomaterials within occupational, environmental, and consumer settings has raised the levels of public concern regarding possible adverse effects on human health. We applied a tiered testing strategy including (i) a first in vitro stage to investigate general toxicity endpoints, followed by (ii) a focused in vivo experiment. Cytotoxicity of laboratory-made functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (i.e., MW-COOH and MW-NH2), compared to pristine MWCNTs, carbon black, and silica, has been assessed in human A549 pneumocytes by MTT assay and calcein/propidium iodide (PI) staining. Purity and physicochemical properties of the test nanomaterials were also determined. Subsequently, pulmonary toxic effects were assessed in rats, 16 days after MWCNTs i.t. administration (1 mg/kg b.w.), investigating lung histopathology and monitoring several markers of lung toxicity, inflammation, and fibrosis. In vitro data: calcein/PI test indicated no cell viability loss after all CNTs treatment; MTT assay showed false positive cytotoxic response, occurring not dose dependently at exceedingly low CNT concentrations (1 μg/mL). In vivo results demonstrated a general pulmonary toxicity coupled with inflammatory response, without overt signs of fibrosis and granuloma formation, irrespective of nanotube functionalization. This multitiered approach contributed to clarifying the CNT toxicity mechanisms improving the overall understanding of the possible adverse outcomes resulting from CNT exposure.
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Adenuga AA, Truong L, Tanguay RL, Remcho VT. Preparation of water soluble carbon nanotubes and assessment of their biological activity in embryonic zebrafish. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 3:38-51. [PMID: 25750663 PMCID: PMC4349379 DOI: 10.1504/ijbnn.2013.054514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are currently one of the most important classes of nanomaterials with unique properties sparking off numerous applications in many fields, including electronics, material science and medicine. However, applications of CNTs in medicine and other biological fields are hampered by their insolubility in aqueous media and concerns regarding toxicity. In this study, seven types of CNTs, including two single-walled, one double-walled, and four multi-walled, were evaluated for possible toxicological effects. Soluble CNTs were prepared by treatment with a mixture of acids (D2SO4 and DNO3), washed with Milli-Q water and oven dried. Transmission electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and other techniques were used to characterize the prepared CNTs. CNT toxicity was assessed using the embryonic zebrafish. Results showed that none of the CNTs studied caused significant adverse developmental effects. These results support the potential safe use of CNTs as components of indwelling medical devices and drug delivery tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeniyi A Adenuga
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 ; Safer Nanomaterials Nanomanufacturing Initiative, Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute, Eugene, OR 97403
| | - Lisa Truong
- Safer Nanomaterials Nanomanufacturing Initiative, Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute, Eugene, OR 97403 ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Safer Nanomaterials Nanomanufacturing Initiative, Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute, Eugene, OR 97403 ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Vincent T Remcho
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 ; Safer Nanomaterials Nanomanufacturing Initiative, Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute, Eugene, OR 97403
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Lai X, Blazer-Yost BL, Clack JW, Fears SL, Mitra S, Ntim SA, Ringham HN, Witzmann FA. Protein expression profiles of intestinal epithelial co-cultures: effect of functionalised carbon nanotube exposure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 3. [PMID: 24228069 DOI: 10.1504/ijbnn.2013.054508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To assess the biological effects of low level, water dispersible, functionalised carbon nanotube (f-CNT) exposure in an in vitro model simulating the digestive tract, cellular protein expression was quantified and compared using label-free quantitative mass spectrometry (LFQMS). Co-cultured cells were exposed to well-characterised SWCNT-COOH, MWCNT-COOH, and MWCNT-PVP. The relative expression of 2,282 unique proteins was compared across the dose groups. 428 proteins were found to be differentially expressed. At the high dose, the extent of differential protein expression was CNT-specific and directly related to CNT colloidal stability. Cells responded to low level MWCNT-PVP exposure with three-fold greater differential expression. Bioinformatic analysis indicated significant and f-CNT-specific effects on relevant molecular and cellular functions and canonical pathways, with little overlap across f-CNT type and in the absence of overt toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyin Lai
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16th Street, Indianapolis IN 46202, USA,
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Bussy C, Pinault M, Cambedouzou J, Landry MJ, Jegou P, Mayne-L'hermite M, Launois P, Boczkowski J, Lanone S. Critical role of surface chemical modifications induced by length shortening on multi-walled carbon nanotubes-induced toxicity. Part Fibre Toxicol 2012. [PMID: 23181604 PMCID: PMC3515433 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-9-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the increasing use of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in composite materials and their possible expansion to new areas such as nanomedicine which will both lead to higher human exposure, a better understanding of their potential to cause adverse effects on human health is needed. Like other nanomaterials, the biological reactivity and toxicity of CNT were shown to depend on various physicochemical characteristics, and length has been suggested to play a critical role. We therefore designed a comprehensive study that aimed at comparing the effects on murine macrophages of two samples of multi-walled CNT (MWCNT) specifically synthesized following a similar production process (aerosol-assisted CVD), and used a soft ultrasonic treatment in water to modify the length of one of them. We showed that modification of the length of MWCNT leads, unavoidably, to accompanying structural (i.e. defects) and chemical (i.e. oxidation) modifications that affect both surface and residual catalyst iron nanoparticle content of CNT. The biological response of murine macrophages to the two different MWCNT samples was evaluated in terms of cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and oxidative stress. We showed that structural defects and oxidation both induced by the length reduction process are at least as responsible as the length reduction itself for the enhanced pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative response observed with short (oxidized) compared to long (pristine) MWCNT. In conclusion, our results stress that surface properties should be considered, alongside the length, as essential parameters in CNT-induced inflammation, especially when dealing with a safe design of CNT, for application in nanomedicine for example.
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Ursini CL, Cavallo D, Fresegna AM, Ciervo A, Maiello R, Buresti G, Casciardi S, Tombolini F, Bellucci S, Iavicoli S. Comparative cyto-genotoxicity assessment of functionalized and pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes on human lung epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 26:831-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Yang F, Jin C, Subedi S, Lee CL, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Li J, Di Y, Fu D. Emerging inorganic nanomaterials for pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cancer Treat Rev 2012; 38:566-79. [PMID: 22655679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with incidence increasing at an alarming rate and survival not improved substantially during the past three decades. Although enormous efforts have been made in early detection and comprehensive treatment for this disease, little or no survival improvement was obtained, which necessitates the development of novel strategies. Emerging inorganic nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, mesoporous silica/gold/supermagnetic nanoparticles, have been widely used in biomedical research with great optimism for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Such nanoparticles possess unique optical, electrical, magnetic and/or electrochemical properties. With such properties along with their impressive nano-size, these particles can be targeted to cancer cells, tissues, and ligands efficiently and monitored with extreme precision in real-time. In additional to liposome, dendrimer, and polymeric nanoparticles, they are considered the most promising nanomaterials with the capability of both cancer detection and multimodality treatment. Emerging approaches to harness nanotechnology to optimize the existing diagnostic and therapeutic tools for pancreatic cancer have been extensively explored during the recent years. Future options for early detection, individual therapy and monitoring responses of pancreatic cancer are focused on multifunctional nanomedicine. In this review, we present the recent development of clinically applicable inorganic nanoparticles, with focus on the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, their advantages in theranostic nanomedicine, and challenges of translation to clinical practice, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Pancreatic Disease Institute, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Zhang T, Tang M, Kong L, Li H, Zhang T, Zhang S, Xue Y, Pu Y. Comparison of cytotoxic and inflammatory responses of pristine and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 219-220:203-212. [PMID: 22534157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The increased application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has raised the level of public concern regarding possible toxicities. Using in vitro cellular assays, we were able to assess the immunotoxicity of pristine multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and their derivatives, covalently functionalized with carboxyl (COOH) or polyethylene glycol (PEG), in rodent macrophage cells. Moreover, special focus was placed on the role of surface modification and nanotubes aggregation on toxicity. Results showed that pristine MWCNTs reduce cell viability compared with functionalized MWCNTs in RAW 264.7 macrophages when incubated at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/mL. However, in addition to causing cytotoxicity, functionalized MWCNTs induce serious inflammatory responses, as indicated by the production of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 at various MWCNTs concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL). Particle surface modification and dispersion status in biological medium were key factors in determining cytotoxicity. These findings imply that MWCNTs-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages may be associated with surface modification and aggregation of MWCNTs, which is reflected by alteration of inflammatory cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Gu L, Vardarajan V, Koymen AR, Mohanty SK. Magnetic-field-assisted photothermal therapy of cancer cells using Fe-doped carbon nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2012; 17:018003. [PMID: 22352676 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.1.018003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy with assistance of nanoparticles offers a solution for the destruction of cancer cells without significant collateral damage to otherwise healthy cells. However, minimizing the required number of injected nanoparticles is a major challenge. Here, we introduce the use of magnetic carbon nanoparticles (MCNPs), localizing them in a desired region by applying an external magnetic-field, and irradiating the targeted cancer cells with a near-infrared laser beam. The MCNPs were prepared in benzene, using an electric plasma discharge, generated in the cavitation field of an ultrasonic horn. The CNPs were made ferromagnetic by use of Fe-electrodes to dope the CNPs, as confirmed by magnetometry. Transmission electron microscopy measurements showed the size distribution of these MCNPs to be in the range of 5 to 10 nm. For photothermal irradiation, a tunable continuous wave Ti: Sapphire laser beam was weakly focused on to the cell monolayer under an inverted fluorescence microscope. The response of different cell types to photothermal irradiation was investigated. Cell death in the presence of both MCNPs and laser beam was confirmed by morphological changes and propidium iodide fluorescence inclusion assay. The results of our study suggest that MCNP based photothermal therapy is a promising approach to remotely guide photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gu
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, Texas 76019, USA
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Kim JS, Song KS, Lee JK, Choi YC, Bang IS, Kang CS, Yu IJ. Toxicogenomic comparison of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and asbestos. Arch Toxicol 2011; 86:553-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Magnetic functionalised carbon nanotubes as drug vehicles for cancer lymph node metastasis treatment. Eur J Cancer 2011; 47:1873-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Hsieh SF, Bello D, Schmidt DF, Pal AK, Rogers EJ. Biological oxidative damage by carbon nanotubes: Fingerprint or footprint? Nanotoxicology 2011; 6:61-76. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2011.553689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Tabet L, Bussy C, Setyan A, Simon-Deckers A, Rossi MJ, Boczkowski J, Lanone S. Coating carbon nanotubes with a polystyrene-based polymer protects against pulmonary toxicity. Part Fibre Toxicol 2011; 8:3. [PMID: 21255417 PMCID: PMC3030506 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-8-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND carbon nanotubes (CNT) can have adverse effects on health. Therefore, minimizing the risk associated with CNT exposure is of crucial importance. The aim of this work was to evaluate if coating multi-walled CNT (MWCNT) with polymers could modify their toxicity, thus representing a useful strategy to decrease adverse health effects of CNT. We used industrially-produced MWCNT uncoated (NT1) or coated (50/50 wt%) with acid-based (NT2) or polystyrene-based (NT3) polymer, and exposed murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cell line) or Balb/c mice by intratracheal administration. Biological experiments were performed both in vitro and in vivo, examining time- and dose-dependent effects of CNT, in terms of cytotoxicity, expression of genes and proteins related to oxidative stress, inflammation and tissue remodeling, cell and lung tissue morphology (optical and transmission electron microscopy), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid content analysis. RESULTS extensive physico-chemical characterization of MWCNT was performed, and showed, although similar dimensions for the 3 MWCNT, a much smaller specific surface area for NT2 and NT3 as compared to NT1 (54.1, 34 and 227.54 m(2)/g respectively), along with different surface characteristics. MWCNT-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation were increased by acid-based and decreased by polystyrene-based polymer coating both in vitro in murine macrophages and in vivo in lung of mice monitored for 6 months. CONCLUSIONS these results demonstrate that coating CNT with polymers, without affecting their intrinsic structure, may constitute a useful strategy for decreasing CNT toxicity, and may hold promise for improving occupational safety and that of general the user.
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Bhirde AA, Patel S, Sousa AA, Patel V, Molinolo AA, Ji Y, Leapman RD, Gutkind JS, Rusling JF. Distribution and clearance of PEG-single-walled carbon nanotube cancer drug delivery vehicles in mice. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:1535-46. [PMID: 21143032 PMCID: PMC3175610 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To study the distribution and clearance of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-ylated single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs) as drug delivery vehicles for the anticancer drug cisplatin in mice. MATERIALS & METHODS PEG layers were attached to SWCNTs and dispersed in aqueous media and characterized using dynamic light scattering, scanning transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity was assessed in vitro using Annexin-V assay, and the distribution and clearance pathways in mice were studied by histological staining and Raman spectroscopy. Efficacy of PEG-SWCNT-cisplatin for tumor growth inhibition was studied in mice. RESULTS & DISCUSSION PEG-SWCNTs were efficiently dispersed in aqueous media compared with controls, and did not induce apoptosis in vitro. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Raman bands for SWCNTs in tissues from several vital organs from mice injected intravenously with nanotube bioconjugates revealed that control SWCNTs were lodged in lung tissue as large aggregates compared with the PEG-SWCNTs, which showed little or no accumulation. Characteristic SWCNT Raman bands in feces revealed the presence of bilary or renal excretion routes. Attachment of cisplatin on bioconjugates was visualized with Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy. PEG-SWCNT-cisplatin with the attached targeting ligand EGF successfully inhibited growth of head and neck tumor xenografts in mice. CONCLUSIONS PEG-SWCNTs, as opposed to control SWCNTs, form more highly dispersed delivery vehicles that, when loaded with both cisplatin and EGF, inhibit growth of squamous cell tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin A Bhirde
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Sachin Patel
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alioscka A Sousa
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging & Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging & Bioengineering, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vyomesh Patel
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Youngmi Ji
- Clinical & Experimental Orthopedics, National Institute of Arthritis, & Musculoskeletal & Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard D Leapman
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging & Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging & Bioengineering, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James F Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Ciofani G. Potential applications of boron nitride nanotubes as drug delivery systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010; 7:889-93. [PMID: 20632897 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2010.499897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an explosion of research in the 'bio-nano' field, with the discovery and introduction of ever more fascinating materials for applications as drug delivery systems, sensors, transducers, and so on. The author's group, for the first time in the literature, proposed boron nitride nanotubes as a valid alternative to carbon nanotubes and other kinds of inorganic materials, because of their improved chemical properties that theoretically guarantee better stability and compatibility in a biological context. In this paper, the bio-applications of boron nitride nanotubes that have emerged in the literature are summarized, with special attention given to their exploitation as safe drug delivery and targeting carriers. Finally, the possibility of combining their physical and chemical properties is approached, highlighting the features that render these innovative nanovectors unique and exceptional candidates for many bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Ciofani
- Center of MicroBioRobotics c/o Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Italian Institute of Technology, Smart Materials Lab, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio, 34-56025 Pontedera (Pisa), Italy.
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Runge MB, Dadsetan M, Baltrusaitis J, Ruesink T, Lu L, Windebank AJ, Yaszemski MJ. Development of electrically conductive oligo(polyethylene glycol) fumarate-polypyrrole hydrogels for nerve regeneration. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:2845-53. [PMID: 20942380 PMCID: PMC3947846 DOI: 10.1021/bm100526a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrically conductive hydrogel composites consisting of oligo(polyethylene glycol) fumarate (OPF) and polypyrrole (PPy) were developed for applications in nerve regeneration. OPF-PPy scaffolds were synthesized using three different anions: naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid sodium salt (NSA), dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt (DBSA), and dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (DOSS). Scaffolds were characterized by ATR-FTIR, XPS, AFM, dynamic mechanical analysis, electrical resistivity measurements, and swelling experiments. OPF-PPy scaffolds were shown to consist of up to 25 mol % polypyrrole with a compressive modulus ranging from 265 to 323 kPa and a sheet resistance ranging from 6 to 30 × 10(3) Ohms/square. In vitro studies using PC12 cells showed OPF-PPy materials had no cytotoxicity and PC12 cells showed distinctly better cell attachment and an increase in the percent of neurite bearing cells on OPF-PPy materials compared to OPF. The neurite lengths of PC12 cells were significantly higher on OPF-PPyNSA and OPF-PPyDBSA. These results show that electrically conductive OPF-PPy hydrogels are promising candidates for future applications in nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Brett Runge
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Mahrokh Dadsetan
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
| | | | - Terry Ruesink
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Lichun Lu
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
| | | | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
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Xu J, Jin C, Hao S, Luo G, Fu D. Pancreatic cancer: gene therapy approaches and gene delivery systems. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2010; 10:73-88. [PMID: 19857184 DOI: 10.1517/14712590903321454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Due to the absence of early diagnosis, the highly invasive and metastatic features and the lack of effective therapeutic modalities, the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer is poor. Gene therapy is currently regarded as a potential and promising therapeutic modality for pancreatic cancer. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This article summarizes an update of gene therapy approaches and reviews the latest progress in gene delivery systems that have been tested on pancreatic cancer. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN The treatment effectiveness of gene combination therapy is better than that of the regulation of single-gene or single gene therapy approaches. Naked DNA is limited because of degradation by intracellular and extracellular nucleases. Virus vectors show high transfection efficiency but are limited due to immunogenicity, inflammatory response and potential carcinogenicity. Non-viral vectors, such as cationic polymers or inorganic nanoparticles, show an important feature that they can be easily modified, and the progress of materials science will provide more and better non-viral vectors, accordingly improving the efficiency and safety of gene therapy, which will make them the most promising vectors for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Fudan University, Pancreatic Disease Institution, Huashan Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai, China
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Effects of water-soluble functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes examined by different cytotoxicity methods in human astrocyte D384 and lung A549 cells. Toxicology 2010; 269:41-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 12/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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