1
|
Radak M, Fallahi H. Cell-cell communication in stem cells and cancer: Alone but in touch. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024; 38:479-488. [PMID: 38228866 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular communication and signaling pathways are fundamental regulators of stem cell and cancer cell behaviors. This review explores the intricate interplay of these pathways in governing cellular behaviors, focusing on their implications for diseases, particularly cancer. OBJECTIVES This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the significance of cellular signaling pathways in regulating the behavior of stem cells and cancer cells. It delves into the alterations in these pathways, their impact on cell fate, and their implications for developing diseases, notably cancer. The objective is to underscore the importance of understanding these signaling pathways for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. METHODS The review critically analyzes existing literature and research findings concerning the roles of signaling pathways in stem cell behavior regulation, emphasizing their parallels and disparities in cancer cells. It synthesizes information on both direct and indirect modes of cell communication to delineate the complexity of signaling networks. RESULTS Direct and indirect modes of cell communication intricately regulate the complex signaling pathways governing stem cell behaviors, influencing differentiation potential and tissue regeneration. Alterations in these pathways significantly impact stem cell fate, contributing to disease pathogenesis, including cancer. Understanding these signaling cascades offers insights into developing targeted therapies, particularly cancer treatment. CONCLUSION Understanding the regulation of signaling pathways in stem cells and the specialized subset of cancer stem cells holds promise for innovative therapeutic approaches. By targeting aberrant signaling pathways, tailored interventions may improve treatment outcomes. This review underscores the critical role of signaling pathways in cellular behaviors, offering a pathway toward developing novel, more effective therapies for diverse diseases and disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Radak
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nath SC, Babaei-Abraki S, Meng G, Heale KA, Hsu CYM, Rancourt DE. A retinoid analogue, TTNPB, promotes clonal expansion of human pluripotent stem cells by upregulating CLDN2 and HoxA1. Commun Biol 2024; 7:190. [PMID: 38365890 PMCID: PMC10873380 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic dissociation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into single cells during routine passage leads to massive cell death. Although the Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor, Y-27632 can enhance hPSC survival and proliferation at high seeding density, dissociated single cells undergo apoptosis at clonal density. This presents a major hurdle when deriving genetically modified hPSC lines since transfection and genome editing efficiencies are not satisfactory. As a result, colonies tend to contain heterogeneous mixtures of both modified and unmodified cells, making it difficult to isolate the desired clone buried within the colony. In this study, we report improved clonal expansion of hPSCs using a retinoic acid analogue, TTNPB. When combined with Y-27632, TTNPB synergistically increased hPSC cloning efficiency by more than 2 orders of magnitude (0.2% to 20%), whereas TTNPB itself increased more than double cell number expansion compared to Y-27632. Furthermore, TTNPB-treated cells showed two times higher aggregate formation and cell proliferation compared to Y-27632 in suspension culture. TTNPB-treated cells displayed a normal karyotype, pluripotency and were able to stochastically differentiate into all three germ layers both in vitro and in vivo. TTNBP acts, in part, by promoting cellular adhesion and self-renewal through the upregulation of Claudin 2 and HoxA1. By promoting clonal expansion, TTNPB provides a new approach for isolating and expanding pure hPSCs for future cell therapy applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman C Nath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Shahnaz Babaei-Abraki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Guoliang Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kali A Heale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Charlie Y M Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Derrick E Rancourt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McMillan A, McMillan N, Gupta N, Kanotra SP, Salem AK. 3D Bioprinting in Otolaryngology: A Review. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203268. [PMID: 36921327 PMCID: PMC10502192 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting has allowed for increased opportunities to generate musculoskeletal tissue grafts that can enhance functional and aesthetic outcomes in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Despite literature reporting successes in the fabrication of cartilage and bone scaffolds for applications in the head and neck, the full potential of this technology has yet to be realized. Otolaryngology as a field has always been at the forefront of new advancements and technology and is well poised to spearhead clinical application of these engineered tissues. In this review, current 3D bioprinting methods are described and an overview of potential cell types, bioinks, and bioactive factors available for musculoskeletal engineering using this technology is presented. The otologic, nasal, tracheal, and craniofacial bone applications of 3D bioprinting with a focus on engineered graft implantation in animal models to highlight the status of functional outcomes in vivo; a necessary step to future clinical translation are reviewed. Continued multidisciplinary efforts between material chemistry, biological sciences, and otolaryngologists will play a key role in the translation of engineered, 3D bioprinted constructs for head and neck surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra McMillan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Nadia McMillan
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Nikesh Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Sohit P. Kanotra
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim A, Baek SJ, Shin S, Lee SY, Chung SK. An Ethanol Extract of Coptidis rhizoma Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Suppresses Teratoma Formation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102364. [PMID: 37242247 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In cell-based regenerative medicine, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from reprogrammed adult somatic cells have emerged as a useful cell source due to the lack of ethical concerns and the low risk of immune rejection. To address the risk of teratoma formation, which is a safety issue in iPSC-based cell therapy, it is essential to selectively remove undifferentiated iPSCs remaining in the iPSC-derived differentiated cell product prior to in vivo transplantation. In this study, we explored whether an ethanol extract of coptidis rhizoma (ECR) exhibited anti-teratoma activity and identified the active components involved in the selective elimination of undifferentiated iPSCs. Transcriptome analysis of iPSCs confirmed that cell death-related pathways were significantly altered by ECR treatment. Our results demonstrate that ECR effectively induced apoptotic cell death and DNA damage in iPSCs, and that reactive oxygen species generation, mitochondrial damage, caspase activation, and p53 activation were involved in ECR-mediated iPSC death. However, in iPSC-derived differentiated cells (iPSC-Diff), reduced cell viability and the DNA damage response were not observed after ECR treatment. We co-cultured iPSCs and iPSC-Diff and found that ECR treatment selectively removed iPSCs, whereas iPSC-Diff remained intact. Prior to in ovo implantation, ECR treatment of a mixed cell culture of iPSCs and iPSC-Diff significantly suppressed iPSC-derived teratoma formation. Among the main components of the ECR, berberine and coptisine showed selective cytotoxicity to iPSCs but not to iPSC-Diff. Together, these results indicate the usefulness of ECRs in preparing safe and effective iPSC-based therapeutic cell products with no risk of teratoma formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aeyung Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Baek
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Shin
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Young Lee
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ku Chung
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim A, Lee SY, Chung SK. Caffeic acid selectively eliminates teratogenic human-induced pluripotent stem cells via apoptotic cell death. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154144. [PMID: 35537368 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from reprogrammed adult somatic cells are considered as a promising cell source in cell-based regenerative medicine. To avoid teratoma formation, which is a safety issue in iPSC-based cell therapy, it is important to selectively remove undifferentiated iPSCs that remain in the differentiated cell product before in vivo transplantation. Caffeic acid (CAA, 3,4-dihydroxy-cinnamic acid) is a phenolic compound synthesized from various vegetables, fruits, and herbs; it has shown various pharmacological activities against inflammation, cancer, infection, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the beneficial effects of CAA in iPSC-based cell therapy, such as the selective elimination of iPSCs and anti-teratoma effects, have not yet been explored. RESULTS Here, we found that CAA induced apoptotic cell death in iPSCs; this process did not occur in iPSC-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) or human dermal fibroblast (hDFs). Under co-culture conditions with MPCs and hDFs, CAA treatment selectively removed iPSCs. In addition, CAA treatment in mixed cell culture with iPSCs and MPCs prior to grafting markedly suppressed iPSC-derived teratoma formation. Finally, CAA did not induce DNA damage in MPCs or hDFs. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggest that CAA is effective in preparing safe iPSC-based therapeutic cells without the risk of teratoma formation and DNA damage in normal cells and iPSC-derived differentiated cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aeyung Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seo-Young Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM) Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ku Chung
- Korean Medicine (KM) Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
In this review, the authors consider the substantial advances that have been made in recent years in stem cell-based periodontal regeneration. These advances involve identifying dental- and nondental-derived stem cells with the capacity to modulate periodontal regeneration, human clinical trials, and emerging concepts, including cell banking, good manufacturing processes, and overall clinical translation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim A, Lee SY, Kim BY, Chung SK. Elimination of Teratogenic Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Bee Venom via Calcium-Calpain Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093265. [PMID: 32380745 PMCID: PMC7246707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are regarded as a promising option for cell-based regenerative medicine. To obtain safe and efficient iPSC-based cell products, it is necessary to selectively eliminate the residual iPSCs prior to in vivo implantation due to the risk of teratoma formation. Bee venom (BV) has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammatory diseases and relieve pain, and has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer, anti-mutagenic, anti-nociceptive, and radioprotective activities. However, the potential benefits of BV in iPSC therapy, particularly its anti-teratoma activity, have not been examined. In this study, we found that BV selectively induced cell death in iPSCs, but not in iPSC-derived differentiated cells (iPSCs-Diff). BV rapidly disrupted cell membrane integrity and focal adhesions, followed by induction of apoptosis and necroptosis in iPSCs. We also found that BV remarkably enhanced intracellular calcium levels, calpain activation, and reactive oxygen speciesgeneration in iPSCs. BV treatment before in ovo grafting efficiently prevented iPSC-derived teratoma formation. In contrast, no DNA damage was observed in iPSCs-Diff following BV treatment, further demonstrating the safety of BV for use with iPSCs-Diff. Taken together, these findings show that BV has potent anti-teratoma activity by eliminating residual iPSCs, and can be used for the development of effective and safe iPSC-based cell therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aeyung Kim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (S.-K.C.); Tel.: +82-42-868-9674 (A.K.); +82-42-868-9634 (S.-K.C.)
| | - Seo-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.-Y.L.); (B.-Y.K.)
| | - Bu-Yeo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.-Y.L.); (B.-Y.K.)
| | - Sun-Ku Chung
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (S.-K.C.); Tel.: +82-42-868-9674 (A.K.); +82-42-868-9634 (S.-K.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim A, Lee SY, Seo CS, Chung SK. Ethanol extract of Magnoliae cortex (EEMC) limits teratoma formation of pluripotent stem cells by selective elimination of undifferentiated cells through the p53-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 69:153198. [PMID: 32151917 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are regarded as the best potential cell source for cell-based regenerative medicine. To develop a safe and efficient iPSC-based cell therapy, it is very important to avoid possible teratoma formation, which can arise from undifferentiated iPSCs (USCs) remaining among differentiated cell products. Dried bark of Magnolia officinalis (Magnolia cortex, MC) has long been used in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal ailments and allergic diseases, and has shown have various pharmacological activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. However, its effects on iPSCs have not yet been examined. PURPOSE In this study, we investigated the selective cytotoxic effects of ethanol extract of MC (EEMC) on undifferentiated iPSCs and elucidated the underlying apoptotic mechanisms in detail. We also investigated the inhibitory effects of EEMC on teratoma formation via in ovo experiments. RESULTS We found that EEMC greatly reduced cell growth and induced apoptotic cell death in USCs, but not in differentiated or normal cells. EEMC caused G2/M cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial damage, and caspase activation of USCs, accompanied by p53 accumulation. In p53KO human iPSCs, EEMC had no cytotoxicity, reinforcing that EEMC-mediated apoptosis of USCs is p53-dependent. EEMC did not cause DNA damage in iPSC-derived differentiated cells. In ovo teratoma formation assay revealed that EEMC treatment before injection efficiently eliminated USCs and prevented teratoma formation. CONCLUSIONS These results collectively indicate that EEMC has potent anti-teratoma activity, and therefore can be used for the development of safe iPSC-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aeyung Kim
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seo-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ku Chung
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Prunellae Spica Extract Suppresses Teratoma Formation of Pluripotent Stem Cells through p53-Mediated Apoptosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030721. [PMID: 32182802 PMCID: PMC7146640 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have similar properties to embryonic stem cells in terms of indefinite self-renewal and differentiation capacity. After in vitro differentiation of iPSCs, undifferentiated iPSCs (USCs) may exist in cell therapy material and can form teratomas after in vivo transplantation. Selective elimination of residual USCs is, therefore, very important. Prunellae Spica (PS) is a traditional medicinal plant that has been shown to exert anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities; however, its effects on iPSCs have not been previously characterized. In this study, we find that ethanol extract of PS (EPS) effectively induces apoptotic cell death of USCs through G2/M cell cycle arrest, generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potentials, and caspase activation of USCs. In addition, EPS increases p53 accumulation and expression of its downstream targets. In p53 knockout (KO) iPSCs, the EPS did not induce apoptosis, indicating that EPS-mediated apoptosis of USCs was p53-dependent. In addition, EPS was not genotoxic towards iPSCs-derived differentiated cells. EPS treatment before injection efficiently prevented in ovo teratoma formation of p53 wild-type (WT) iPSCs but not p53KO iPSCs. Collectively, these results indicate that EPS has potent anti-teratoma activity and no genotoxicity to differentiated cells. It can, therefore, be used in the development of safe and efficient iPSC-based cell therapies.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao Z, Fan C, Chen F, Sun Y, Xia Y, Ji A, Wang DA. Progress in Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering: A Review on Therapeutic Cells and Macromolecular Scaffolds. Macromol Biosci 2019; 20:e1900278. [PMID: 31800166 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Repair and regeneration of articular cartilage lesions have always been a major challenge in the medical field due to its peculiar structure (e.g., sparsely distributed chondrocytes, no blood supply, no nerves). Articular cartilage tissue engineering is considered as one promising strategy to achieve reconstruction of cartilage. With this perspective, the articular cartilage tissue engineering has been widely studied. Here, the recent progress of articular cartilage tissue engineering is reviewed. The ad hoc therapeutic cells and growth factors for cartilage regeneration are summarized and discussed. Various types of bio/macromolecular scaffolds together with their pros and cons are also reviewed and elaborated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Zhao
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changjiang Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yutai Sun
- School of Information Engineering, Shandong Vocational College of Science & Technology, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Yujun Xia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Aiyu Ji
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong-An Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Maleiner B, Tomasch J, Heher P, Spadiut O, Rünzler D, Fuchs C. The Importance of Biophysical and Biochemical Stimuli in Dynamic Skeletal Muscle Models. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1130. [PMID: 30246791 PMCID: PMC6113794 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical approaches to engineer skeletal muscle tissue based on current regenerative and surgical procedures still do not meet the desired outcome for patient applications. Besides the evident need to create functional skeletal muscle tissue for the repair of volumetric muscle defects, there is also growing demand for platforms to study muscle-related diseases, such as muscular dystrophies or sarcopenia. Currently, numerous studies exist that have employed a variety of biomaterials, cell types and strategies for maturation of skeletal muscle tissue in 2D and 3D environments. However, researchers are just at the beginning of understanding the impact of different culture settings and their biochemical (growth factors and chemical changes) and biophysical cues (mechanical properties) on myogenesis. With this review we intend to emphasize the need for new in vitro skeletal muscle (disease) models to better recapitulate important structural and functional aspects of muscle development. We highlight the importance of choosing appropriate system components, e.g., cell and biomaterial type, structural and mechanical matrix properties or culture format, and how understanding their interplay will enable researchers to create optimized platforms to investigate myogenesis in healthy and diseased tissue. Thus, we aim to deliver guidelines for experimental designs to allow estimation of the potential influence of the selected skeletal muscle tissue engineering setup on the myogenic outcome prior to their implementation. Moreover, we offer a workflow to facilitate identifying and selecting different analytical tools to demonstrate the successful creation of functional skeletal muscle tissue. Ultimately, a refinement of existing strategies will lead to further progression in understanding important aspects of muscle diseases, muscle aging and muscle regeneration to improve quality of life of patients and enable the establishment of new treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babette Maleiner
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria.,The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Janine Tomasch
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria.,The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Heher
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology/AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Trauma Care Consult GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Rünzler
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria.,The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiane Fuchs
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria.,The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xue W, Yu J, Chen W. Plants and Their Bioactive Constituents in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Periodontal Regeneration: A Novel Prospective. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7571363. [PMID: 30175141 PMCID: PMC6098897 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7571363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease, which causes the destruction of both the soft and mineralized tissues. However, current treatments such as bone graft materials, barrier membranes, and protein products all have difficulties in regenerating the complete periodontal tissue structure. Stem cell-based tissue engineering has now emerged as one of the most effective treatments for the patients suffering from periodontal diseases. Plants not only can be substrates for life processes, but also contain hormones or functional molecules. Numbers of preclinical studies have revealed that products from plant can be successfully applied in modulating proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Plant-derived substances can induce stem cells osteogenic differentiation, and they also possess angiogenic potency. Furthermore, in the field of tissue engineering, plant-derived compounds or plant extracts can be incorporated with biomaterials or utilized as biomaterials for cell transplantation. So it is speculated that botanical products may become a new perspective in stem cell-based periodontal regeneration. However, the lack of achieving predict clinical efficacy and quality control has been the major impediment to its extensive application. This review gives an overview of the prospect of applying different plant-derived substances in various human mesenchymal stem cells-based periodontal regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amini Mahabadi J, Sabzalipoor H, Kehtari M, Enderami SE, Soleimani M, Nikzad H. Derivation of male germ cells from induced pluripotent stem cells by inducers: A review. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:279-290. [PMID: 29397308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) refer to stem cells that are artificially produced using a new technology known as cellular reprogramming, which can use gene transduction in somatic cells. There are numerous potential applications for iPSCs in the field of stem cell biology becauase they are able to give rise to several different cell features of lineages such as three-germ layers. Primordial germ cells, generated via in vitro differentiation of iPSCs, have been demonstrated to produce functional gametes. Therefore, in this review we discussed past and recent advances in the in vitro differentiation of germ cells using pluripotent stem cells with an emphasis on iPSCs. Although this domain of research is still in its infancy, exploring development mechanisms of germ cells is promising, especially in humans, to promote future reproductive and developmental engineering technologies. While few studies have evaluated the ability and efficiency of iPSCs to differentiate toward male germ cells in vitro by different inducers, the given effect was investigated in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Amini Mahabadi
- Gametogenesis Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Sabzalipoor
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mousa Kehtari
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Hematology Department, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Nikzad
- Gametogenesis Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Meng G, Liu S, Poon A, Rancourt DE. Optimizing Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Expansion in Stirred-Suspension Culture. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1804-1817. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Meng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Shiying Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Anna Poon
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Derrick E. Rancourt
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jensen TJ, Foster C, Sayej W, Finck CM. Conditional Reprogramming of Pediatric Human Esophageal Epithelial Cells for Use in Tissue Engineering and Disease Investigation. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28362412 DOI: 10.3791/55243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying and expanding patient-specific cells in culture for use in tissue engineering and disease investigation can be very challenging. Utilizing various types of stem cells to derive cell types of interest is often costly, time consuming and highly inefficient. Furthermore, undesired cell types must be removed prior to using this cell source, which requires another step in the process. In order to obtain enough esophageal epithelial cells to engineer the lumen of an esophageal construct or to screen therapeutic approaches for treating esophageal disease, native esophageal epithelial cells must be expanded without altering their gene expression or phenotype. Conditional reprogramming of esophageal epithelial tissue offers a promising approach to expanding patient-specific esophageal epithelial cells. Furthermore, these cells do not need to be sorted or purified and will return to a mature epithelial state after removing them from conditional reprogramming culture. This technique has been described in many cancer screening studies and allows for indefinite expansion of these cells over multiple passages. The ability to perform esophageal screening assays would help revolutionize the treatment of pediatric esophageal diseases like eosinophilic esophagitis by identifying the trigger mechanism causing the patient's symptoms. For those patients who suffer from congenital defect, disease or injury of the esophagus, this cell source could be used as a means to seed a synthetic construct for implantation to repair or replace the affected region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wael Sayej
- Department of Gastroenterology, Connecticut Children's Medical Center
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shining Light on the Sprout of Life: Optogenetics Applications in Stem Cell Research and Therapy. J Membr Biol 2016; 249:215-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-016-9883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
17
|
Wu Y, Liu F, Liu Y, Liu X, Ai Z, Guo Z, Zhang Y. GSK3 inhibitors CHIR99021 and 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime inhibit microRNA maturation in mouse embryonic stem cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8666. [PMID: 25727520 PMCID: PMC4345320 DOI: 10.1038/srep08666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signalling plays a prominent role in maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). microRNAs (miRNAs) have critical roles in maintaining pluripotency and directing reprogramming. To investigate the effect of GSK3 inhibitors on miRNA expression, we analysed the miRNA expression profile of J1 mESCs in the absence or presence of CHIR99021 (CHIR) or 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO) by small RNA deep-sequencing. The results demonstrate that CHIR and BIO decrease mature miRNAs of most miRNA species, 90.4% and 98.1% of the differentially expressed miRNAs in BIO and CHIR treated cells were downregulated respectively. CHIR and BIO treatment leads to a slight upregulation of the primary transcripts of the miR-302-367 cluster and miR-181 family of miRNAs, these miRNAs are activated by Wnt/β-catenin signalling. However, the precursor and mature form of the miR-302-367 cluster and miR-181 family of miRNAs are downregulated by CHIR, suggesting CHIR inhibits maturation of primary miRNA. Western blot analysis shows that BIO and CHIR treatment leads to a reduction of the RNase III enzyme Drosha in the nucleus. These data suggest that BIO and CHIR inhibit miRNA maturation by disturbing nuclear localisation of Drosha. Results also show that BIO and CHIR induce miR-211 expression in J1 mESCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Wu
- 1] College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China [2] Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fayang Liu
- 1] College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China [2] Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- 1] Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China [2] College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- 1] Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China [2] College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiying Ai
- 1] Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China [2] College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zekun Guo
- 1] College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China [2] Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- 1] College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China [2] Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cementum and Periodontal Ligament Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 881:207-36. [PMID: 26545752 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22345-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique anatomy and composition of the periodontium make periodontal tissue healing and regeneration a complex process. Periodontal regeneration aims to recapitulate the crucial stages of wound healing associated with periodontal development in order to restore lost tissues to their original form and function and for regeneration to occur, healing events must progress in an ordered and programmed sequence both temporally and spatially, replicating key developmental events. A number of procedures have been employed to promote true and predictable regeneration of the periodontium. Principally, the approaches are based on the use of graft materials to compensate for the bone loss incurred as a result of periodontal disease, use of barrier membranes for guided tissue regeneration and use of bioactive molecules. More recently, the concept of tissue engineering has been integrated into research and applications of regenerative dentistry, including periodontics, to aim to manage damaged and lost oral tissues, through reconstruction and regeneration of the periodontium and alleviate the shortcomings of more conventional therapeutic options. The essential components for generating effective cellular based therapeutic strategies include a population of multi-potential progenitor cells, presence of signalling molecules/inductive morphogenic signals and a conductive extracellular matrix scaffold or appropriate delivery system. Mesenchymal stem cells are considered suitable candidates for cell-based tissue engineering strategies owing to their extensive expansion rate and potential to differentiate into cells of multiple organs and systems. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from multiple tissue sources have been investigated in pre-clinical animal studies and clinical settings for the treatment and regeneration of the periodontium.
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen W, Shao Y, Li X, Zhao G, Fu J. Nanotopographical Surfaces for Stem Cell Fate Control: Engineering Mechanobiology from the Bottom. NANO TODAY 2014; 9:759-784. [PMID: 25883674 PMCID: PMC4394389 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
During embryogenesis and tissue maintenance and repair in an adult organism, a myriad of stem cells are regulated by their surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) enriched with tissue/organ-specific nanoscale topographical cues to adopt different fates and functions. Attributed to their capability of self-renewal and differentiation into most types of somatic cells, stem cells also hold tremendous promise for regenerative medicine and drug screening. However, a major challenge remains as to achieve fate control of stem cells in vitro with high specificity and yield. Recent exciting advances in nanotechnology and materials science have enabled versatile, robust, and large-scale stem cell engineering in vitro through developments of synthetic nanotopographical surfaces mimicking topological features of stem cell niches. In addition to generating new insights for stem cell biology and embryonic development, this effort opens up unlimited opportunities for innovations in stem cell-based applications. This review is therefore to provide a summary of recent progress along this research direction, with perspectives focusing on emerging methods for generating nanotopographical surfaces and their applications in stem cell research. Furthermore, we provide a review of classical as well as emerging cellular mechano-sensing and -transduction mechanisms underlying stem cell nanotopography sensitivity and also give some hypotheses in regard to how a multitude of signaling events in cellular mechanotransduction may converge and be integrated into core pathways controlling stem cell fate in response to extracellular nanotopography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- Integrated Biosystems and Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yue Shao
- Integrated Biosystems and Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Integrated Biosystems and Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Fu
- Integrated Biosystems and Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Menaa F, Abdelghani A, Menaa B. Graphene nanomaterials as biocompatible and conductive scaffolds for stem cells: impact for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 9:1321-38. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farid Menaa
- Fluorotronics Inc.; Department of Nanomedicine, Oncology and Stem Cells; San Diego CA USA
| | - Adnane Abdelghani
- Carthage University; Nanotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology; Charguia Tunisia
| | - Bouzid Menaa
- Fluorotronics Inc.; Department of Nanomaterials and Nanobiotechnology; San Diego CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Han J, Menicanin D, Gronthos S, Bartold PM. Stem cells, tissue engineering and periodontal regeneration. Aust Dent J 2013; 59 Suppl 1:117-30. [PMID: 24111843 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to discuss the clinical utility of stem cells in periodontal regeneration by reviewing relevant literature that assesses the periodontal-regenerative potential of stem cells. We consider and describe the main stem cell populations that have been utilized with regard to periodontal regeneration, including bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and the main dental-derived mesenchymal stem cell populations: periodontal ligament stem cells, dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, stem cells from apical papilla and dental follicle precursor cells. Research into the use of stem cells for tissue regeneration has the potential to significantly influence periodontal treatment strategies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Han
- Colgate Australian Clinical Dental Research Centre, School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kingham E, Oreffo ROC. Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells: understanding, creating, and exploiting the nano-niche for regenerative medicine. ACS NANO 2013; 7:1867-81. [PMID: 23414366 PMCID: PMC3610401 DOI: 10.1021/nn3037094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into any specialized cell type of the human body, and therefore, ESC/iPSC-derived cell types offer great potential for regenerative medicine. However, key to realizing this potential requires a strong understanding of stem cell biology, techniques to maintain stem cells, and strategies to manipulate cells to efficiently direct cell differentiation toward a desired cell type. As nanoscale science and engineering continues to produce novel nanotechnology platforms, which inform, infiltrate, and impinge on many aspects of everyday life, it is no surprise that stem cell research is turning toward developments in nanotechnology to answer research questions and to overcome obstacles in regenerative medicine. Here we discuss recent advances in ESC and iPSC manipulation using nanomaterials and highlight future challenges within this area of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmajayne Kingham
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ratcliffe E, Glen KE, Naing MW, Williams DJ. Current status and perspectives on stem cell-based therapies undergoing clinical trials for regenerative medicine: case studies. Br Med Bull 2013; 108:73-94. [PMID: 24200742 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldt034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apart from haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for haematological disorders many stem cell-based therapies are experimental. However, with only 12 years between human embryonic stem cell isolation and the first clinical trial, development of stem cell products for regenerative medicine has been rapid and numerous clinical trials have begun to investigate their therapeutic potential. SOURCE OF DATA This review summarizes key clinical trial data, current and future perspectives on stem cell-based products undergoing clinical trials, based on literature search and author research. AREAS OF AGREEMENT It is widely recognized that the ability to stimulate stem cell differentiation into specialized cells for use as cellular therapies will revolutionize health care and offer major hope for numerous diseases for which there are limited or no therapeutic options. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Stem cell-based products are unique and cover a large range of disorders to be treated; therefore, there is significant potential for variation in cell source, type, processing manipulation, the bioprocessing approach and scalability, the cost and purity of manufacture, final product quality and mode of action. As such there are gaps in regulatory and manufacturing frameworks and technologies, only a small number of products are currently within late phase clinical trials and few products have achieved commercialization. GROWING POINTS Recent developments are encouraging acceleration through the difficulties encountered en route to clinical trials and commercialization of stem cell therapies. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH The field is growing year on year with the first clinical trial using induced pluripotent stem cells anticipated by end 2013.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ratcliffe
- Healthcare Engineering Research Group, Centre for Biological Engineering, Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sharma RK, Voelker DJ, Sharma R, Reddy HK. Understanding the application of stem cell therapy in cardiovascular diseases. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2012; 5:29-37. [PMID: 24198536 PMCID: PMC3781763 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s28500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Throughout their lifetime, an individual may sustain many injuries and recover spontaneously over a period of time, without even realizing the injury in the first place. Wound healing occurs due to a proliferation of stem cells capable of restoring the injured tissue. The ability of adult stem cells to repair tissue is dependent upon the intrinsic ability of tissues to proliferate. The amazing capacity of embryonic stem cells to give rise to virtually any type of tissue has intensified the search for similar cell lineage in adults to treat various diseases including cardiovascular diseases. The ability to convert adult stem cells into pluripotent cells that resemble embryonic cells, and to transplant those in the desired organ for regenerative therapy is very attractive, and may offer the possibility of treating harmful disease-causing mutations. The race is on to find the best cells for treatment of cardiovascular disease. There is a need for the ideal stem cell, delivery strategies, myocardial retention, and time of administration in the ideal patient population. There are multiple modes of stem cell delivery to the heart with different cell retention rates that vary depending upon method and site of injection, such as intra coronary, intramyocardial or via coronary sinus. While there are crucial issues such as retention of stem cells, microvascular plugging, biodistribution, homing to myocardium, and various proapoptotic factors in the ischemic myocardium, the regenerative potential of stem cells offers an enormous impact on clinical applications in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Sharma
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Medical Center of South Arkansas, El Dorado, AR, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Haider KH, Ashraf M. Preconditioning approach in stem cell therapy for the treatment of infarcted heart. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2012; 111:323-56. [PMID: 22917238 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-398459-3.00015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nearly two decades of research in regenerative medicine have been focused on the development of stem cells as a therapeutic option for treatment of the ischemic heart. Given the ability of stem cells to regenerate the damaged tissue, stem-cell-based therapy is an ideal approach for cardiovascular disorders. Preclinical studies in experimental animal models and clinical trials to determine the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy have produced encouraging results that promise angiomyogenic repair of the ischemically damaged heart. Despite these promising results, stem cell therapy is still confronted with issues ranging from uncertainty about the as-yet-undetermined "ideal" donor cell type to the nonoptimized cell delivery strategies to harness optimal clinical benefits. Moreover, these lacunae have significantly hampered the progress of the heart cell therapy approach from bench to bedside for routine clinical applications. Massive death of donor cells in the infarcted myocardium during acute phase postengraftment is one of the areas of prime concern, which immensely lowers the efficacy of the procedure. An overview of the published data relevant to stem cell therapy is provided here and the various strategies that have been adopted to develop and optimize the protocols to enhance donor stem cell survival posttransplantation are discussed, with special focus on the preconditioning approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khawaja Husnain Haider
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Despite years of incremental progress in our understanding of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), there are still no disease-modifying therapeutics. The discrepancy between the number of lead compounds and approved drugs may partially be a result of the methods used to generate the leads and highlights the need for new technology to obtain more detailed and physiologically relevant information on cellular processes in normal and diseased states. Our high-throughput screening (HTS) system in a primary neuron model can help address this unmet need. HTS allows scientists to assay thousands of conditions in a short period of time which can reveal completely new aspects of biology and identify potential therapeutics in the span of a few months when conventional methods could take years or fail all together. HTS in primary neurons combines the advantages of HTS with the biological relevance of intact, fully differentiated neurons which can capture the critical cellular events or homeostatic states that make neurons uniquely susceptible to disease-associated proteins. We detail methodologies of our primary neuron HTS assay workflow from sample preparation to data reporting. We also discuss the adaptation of our HTS system into high-content screening (HCS), a type of HTS that uses multichannel fluorescence images to capture biological events in situ, and is uniquely suited to study dynamical processes in living cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Punita Sharma
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Potential of human embryonic stem cells in cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2011; 7:544-59. [PMID: 21188652 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-010-9222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current surgical intervention of using autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) for cartilage repair is associated with several problems such as donor site morbidity, de-differentiation upon expansion and fibrocartilage repair following transplantation. This has led to exploration of the use of stem cells as a model for chondrogenic differentiation as well as a potential source of chondrogenic cells for cartilage tissue engineering and repair. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are advantageous, due to their unlimited self-renewal and pluripotency, thus representing an immortal cell source that could potentially provide an unlimited supply of chondrogenic cells for both cell and tissue-based therapies and replacements. This review aims to present an overview of emerging trends of using ESCs in cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In particular, we will be focusing on ESCs as a promising cell source for cartilage regeneration, the various strategies and approaches employed in chondrogenic differentiation and tissue engineering, the associated outcomes from animal studies, and the challenges that need to be overcome before clinical application is possible.
Collapse
|
28
|
Klumpp D, Horch RE, Kneser U, Beier JP. Engineering skeletal muscle tissue--new perspectives in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 14:2622-9. [PMID: 21091904 PMCID: PMC4373482 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle tissue engineering (TE) has not yet been clinically applied because of several problems. However, the field of skeletal muscle TE has been developing tremendously and new approaches and techniques have emerged. This review will highlight recent developments in the field of nanotechnology, especially electrospun nanofibre matrices, as well as potential cell sources for muscle TE. Important developments in cardiac muscle TE and clinical studies on Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) will be included to show their implications on skeletal muscle TE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Klumpp
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gavrilov S, Marolt D, Douglas NC, Prosser RW, Khalid I, Sauer MV, Landry DW, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Papaioannou VE. Derivation of two new human embryonic stem cell lines from nonviable human embryos. Stem Cells Int 2011; 2011:765378. [PMID: 21716665 PMCID: PMC3118293 DOI: 10.4061/2011/765378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the derivation and characterization of two new human embryonic stem cells (hESC) lines (CU1 and CU2) from embryos with an irreversible loss of integrated organismic function. In addition, we analyzed retrospective data of morphological progression from embryonic day (ED) 5 to ED6 for 2480 embryos not suitable for clinical use to assess grading criteria indicative of loss of viability on ED5. Our analysis indicated that a large proportion of in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos not suitable for clinical use could be used for hESC derivation. Based on these combined findings, we propose that criteria commonly used in IVF clinics to determine optimal embryos for uterine transfer can be employed to predict the potential for hESC derivation from poor quality embryos without the destruction of vital human embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Gavrilov
- Department of Genetics and Development, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Huang R, Vider J, Serganova I, Blasberg RG. ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Modulate Both Coelenterazine- and D-Luciferin-Based Bioluminescence Imaging. Mol Imaging 2011. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2010.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Huang
- From the Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jelena Vider
- From the Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Inna Serganova
- From the Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ronald G. Blasberg
- From the Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hunt CJ. Cryopreservation of Human Stem Cells for Clinical Application: A Review. Transfus Med Hemother 2011; 38:107-123. [PMID: 21566712 PMCID: PMC3088734 DOI: 10.1159/000326623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY: Stem cells have been used in a clinical setting for many years. Haematopoietic stem cells have been used for the treatment of both haematological and non-haematological disease; while more recently mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow have been the subject of both laboratory and early clinical studies. Whilst these cells show both multipotency and expansion potential, they nonetheless do not form stable cell lines in culture which is likely to limit the breadth of their application in the field of regenerative medicine. Human embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells, capable of forming stable cell lines which retain the capacity to differentiate into cells from all three germ layers. This makes them of special significance in both regenerative medicine and toxicology. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells may also provide a similar breadth of utility without some of the confounding ethical issues surrounding embryonic stem cells. An essential pre-requisite to the commercial and clinical application of stem cells are suitable cryopreservation protocols for long-term storage. Whilst effective methods for cryopreservation and storage have been developed for haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic cells and iPS cells have proved more refractory. This paper reviews the current state of cryopreservation as it pertains to stem cells and in particular the embryonic and iPS cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles J. Hunt
- UK Stem Cell Bank, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Health Protection Agency, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ratcliffe E, Thomas RJ, Williams DJ. Current understanding and challenges in bioprocessing of stem cell-based therapies for regenerative medicine. Br Med Bull 2011; 100:137-55. [PMID: 21852279 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldr037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel manufacturing industry is emerging to translate unique cellular therapy bioprocesses to robust, scaled manufacturing production for successful clinical translation. SOURCE OF DATA This review summarizes key translational issues, and current and future perspectives to improve translation of cell-based therapy bioprocessing, based on literature search and author research. AREAS OF AGREEMENT It is widely recognized that cell-based therapies could revolutionize health care for a range of diseases, and that there are gaps in the overarching framework and technologies to generate clinical success. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY There is limited understanding of how to fulfil requirements as regulatory and manufacturing guidelines are incomplete and few have achieved commercialization. GROWING POINTS Recent developments are encouraging adoption of automation and quality engineering approaches for bioprocessing of cell-based therapies. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH Include technology development to improve the cost and purity of manufacture and final product quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ratcliffe
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jiang H, Cheng Z, Tian M, Zhang H. In vivo imaging of embryonic stem cell therapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010; 38:774-84. [PMID: 21107558 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-010-1667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the most pluripotent potential of any stem cell. These cells, isolated from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, are "pluripotent," meaning that they can give rise to all cell types within the developing embryo. As a result, ESCs have been regarded as a leading candidate source for novel regenerative medicine therapies and have been used to derive diverse cell populations, including myocardial and endothelial cells. However, before they can be safely applied clinically, it is important to understand the in vivo behavior of ESCs and their derivatives. In vivo analysis of ESC-derived cells remains critically important to define how these cells may function in novel regenerative medicine therapies. In this review, we describe several available imaging modalities for assessing cell engraftment and discuss their strengths and limitations. We also analyze the applications of these modalities in assessing the utility of ESCs in regenerative medicine therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hasegawa K, Pomeroy JE, Pera MF. Current technology for the derivation of pluripotent stem cell lines from human embryos. Cell Stem Cell 2010; 6:521-31. [PMID: 20569689 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Technology for the derivation, propagation, and characterization of pluripotent stem cell lines from the human embryo has undergone considerable refinement and improvement since the first published description of human embryonic stem cells in 1998. In particular, there has been extensive effort to optimize protocols and develop defined culture systems with a view toward future clinical applications of embryonic stem cell-derived products. Here, we review the current status of methodology for human embryonic stem cell derivation and culture, and we highlight the challenges that remain for workers in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Hasegawa
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rowntree RK, McNeish JD. Induced pluripotent stem cells: opportunities as research and development tools in 21st century drug discovery. Regen Med 2010; 5:557-68. [PMID: 20632859 DOI: 10.2217/rme.10.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs), when compared with transformed, primary or engineered cells, have unique characteristics and advantages that have resulted in the development of important cell-based tools in modern drug discovery. However, a key limitation has been the availability of human ESCs from patients with specific medical needs and the broad range of genetic variation represented worldwide. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are derived from somatic cells that are reprogrammed to a pluripotent stem cell state and have functional characteristics similar to ESCs. The demonstration that human iPS cells can be derived, with relative ease, through the introduction of transcription factor combinations has allowed the generation of disease-specific iPS cell lines. Therefore, iPS cell technology may deliver robust, human pluripotent cell lines from a wide range of clinical phenotypes and genotypes. Although human iPS cell technology is still a new tool in drug discovery, the promise that this technology will impact the discovery of new therapies can be projected based on the uptake of stem cell applications in biopharmaceutical sciences. Here, the near-term opportunities that iPS cells may deliver to drug discoverers to generate and test hypotheses will be discussed, with a focus on the specific strengths and weaknesses of iPS cell technology. Finally, the future perspective will address novel opportunities iPS cells could uniquely deliver to the preclinical development of new drug therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Rowntree
- Pfizer Regenerative Medicine, 620 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|