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Liu X, Shao C, Yu C, Huang H, Pan R, Xu K, Zhang X, Xu Z. Severe asthma as the initial clinical manifestation of IgG4-related disease: a retrospective clinical study. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:141. [PMID: 35413899 PMCID: PMC9004153 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Respiratory involvement is common in immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD). However, severe asthma as the initial clinical manifestation of IgG4-RD is rare and might be neglected by respiratory clinicians. We aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and prognoses of patients with immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) manifesting as severe asthma. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical characteristics and prognoses of patients with severe asthma who were eventually diagnosed with IgG4-RD was performed in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2013 to 2019. Results Twelve patients (5males, 7 females) were included. The mean age at enrollment and age of asthma onset were 59.4 ± 10.1 and 53.8 ± 10.4 years, respectively. The mean duration of asthma symptoms was 5.7 ± 2.0 years. In all patients, the proportion (25.1 ± 10.3%) and count (2.0 ± 1.1) × 109/L of eosinophils in peripheral blood increased. Additionally, all patients exhibited elevated total immunoglobulin E [IgE, (1279.3 ± 1257.9) KU/L] and IgG4 (9155.8 ± 9247.6) mg/dL. Bronchial wall thickening (n = 11) and mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy (n = 11) were major chest CT manifestations. All were pathologically diagnosed through surgical biopsy; submandibular gland (n = 8), supraclavicular lymph node (n = 2), stomach (n = 1), rashes (n = 1), lacrimal gland (n = 1) and thoracoscopic lung (n = 1) biopsies were performed. Asthma was well controlled by oral glucocorticoids (GCs), but some patients relapsed during tapering (n = 11). The refractory condition was controlled after increasing the dosage of GCs and add-on immunosuppressants. Conclusions For patients with middle age-onset severe asthma with elevated eosinophils, total IgE and IgG4 levels and available salivary gland ultrasound imaging, ruling out IgG4-RD is recommended. GCs used in combination with immunosuppressants is recommended to prevent relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chi Shao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Ruili Pan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Radiological Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Medical Records Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zuojun Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
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Mizushina Y, Shiihara J, Nomura M, Ohta H, Ohyanagi F, Morishita Y, Tsubochi H, Tanaka A, Yamaguchi Y. Immunoglobulin G4-related Pleuritis Complicated with Minimal Change Disease. Intern Med 2022; 61:723-728. [PMID: 34483205 PMCID: PMC8943386 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7010-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 70-year-old woman with bilateral pleural effusion and respiratory failure was admitted to our hospital. Nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change disease had been diagnosed four months before admission. Because blood tests and a pleural fluid analysis did not reveal the etiology of her condition, we performed a video-assisted thoracoscopic pleural biopsy. No specific thoracoscopic findings were noted. The pathological findings revealed an increase in immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-positive cells; IgG4-related pleuritis was diagnosed. Her pleuritis improved with oral corticosteroid therapy. A further investigation was performed on previous kidney samples; however, the etiology of the nephrotic syndrome was not IgG4-related disease but minimal change disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Mizushina
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Jun Shiihara
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Motoko Nomura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Ohta
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Ohyanagi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Morishita
- Division of Nephrology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Tsubochi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Akira Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
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Rossi CM, Lenti MV, Merli S, Santacroce G, Di Sabatino A. Allergic manifestations in autoimmune gastrointestinal disorders. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 21:102958. [PMID: 34560305 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Allergic disorders target a young population, are increasing in both incidence and prevalence and are associated with significant disease burden. They result from the complex interplay between (epi)genetic and environmental factors, resulting in a Th2 inflammatory process targeting the epithelium of the respiratory tract (allergic rhinitis and asthma), skin (atopic dermatitis), and gastrointestinal tract (food allergy). Although the exact pathogenic mechanisms remain elusive, an altered immune system response in the gut is increasingly recognized as a relevant step. Allergic and gastrointestinal autoimmune disorders share several epidemiological, pathogenic and risk factors and several treatment modalities. Here we revise the current literature and show that allergic disorders are highly prevalent in gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases, including celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune pancreatitis, and autoimmune cholangiopathies. No data are available for some autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune gastritis and autoimmune enteropathy. To ensure the comprehensive care of patients with autoimmune gastrointestinal disorders, along with disease-specific factors, the presence of allergic disorders should be evaluated and treated when present, possibly targeting shared molecular pathways. Future studies are needed to define the exact pathogenic mechanisms underpinning the association between allergic and autoimmune diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Merli
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Santacroce
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Iijima Y, Iwai S, Motono N, Usuda K, Shioya A, Takeuchi S, Yamagishi S, Koizumi K, Yamada S, Uramoto H. Multiple pleural nodules diagnosed as IgG4-related disease: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2021; 7:84. [PMID: 33825979 PMCID: PMC8026788 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-021-01166-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related diseases are characterized by abnormal IgG4 levels, swelling, and marked infiltration and fibrosis of the lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells, causing hypertrophic lesions or nodules. The cause is currently not well understood. IgG4-related diseases involving lesions limited to the pleura are extremely rare. Herein, we report an IgG4-related disease presenting with multiple pleural nodules confirmed by thoracoscopic surgical biopsy. CASE PRESENTATION A 74 year-old man was referred to our department for definitive diagnosis of multiple pleural nodules after 1 year of follow-up. Computed tomography of the chest revealed multiple pleural nodules, while 2-deoxy-2-( 18F)-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging exhibited tracer accumulation in the nodules. A thoracoscopic surgical biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed hyalinized fibrous tissue with a high degree of plasma cell-based inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemically, IgG4-positive cells were conspicuous, accounting for 70.5% of the plasma cells. The postoperative serum IgG4 concentration was 289 mg/dL. We diagnosed the patient with an IgG4-related disease with multiple pleural nodules. The postoperative course was good, and the patient is currently being followed up. CONCLUSION IgG4-related disease should be considered in cases presenting with multiple pleural nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Iijima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazwa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, 920-0293 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shun Iwai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazwa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, 920-0293 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Nozomu Motono
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazwa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, 920-0293 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Katsuo Usuda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazwa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, 920-0293 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shioya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazwa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shingo Takeuchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tomei Atsugi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yamagishi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Aidu Chuo Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koizumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Aidu Chuo Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazwa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Uramoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazwa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, 920-0293 Ishikawa, Japan
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Nguyen H, Song JY. Mimickers of pulmonary lymphoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 2020; 37:283-295. [PMID: 32586652 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There are multiple entities that involve the lung that have radiographic, clinical, and morphologic overlaps with pulmonary lymphoma. In this review, we will discuss these entities in detail and provide relevant updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Joo Y Song
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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Cardiovascular and Lung Involvement in Patients with Autoimmune Pancreatitis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020409. [PMID: 32028650 PMCID: PMC7074280 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic immune-mediated disease characterised pathologically by the infiltration of IgG4-bearing plasma cells into the involved organs. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a form of chronic pancreatitis with a heavy lymphocytic infiltration and two distinct histopathological subtypes, namely: lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis (AIP type 1) and idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis (AIP type 2). Lung involvement and aortic involvement have been reported in 12% and 9% of patients with systemic IgG4-RD, respectively. In series including patients with AIP, both lung and aortic involvement were described in 2% of the patients. Most of the epidemiological data come from Japan, and there is a lack of information from Europe, especially the Scandinavian countries. Patients and methods: We performed a single-centre retrospective study on a prospectively collected cohort of patients diagnosed with AIP at the Department for Digestive Diseases at Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, from 2004 to 2019. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the medical charts. Results: One hundred and thirty-three patients with AIP were analysed. Six patients were excluded because they lacked some of the clinical data relevant to the study. Demographic and clinical features of 127 patients were presented. There were 98 patients with AIP type 1-35 (35.7%) female and 63 (64.3%) male, with a mean age of 55.4 ± 18.2. Among them, 15 (15.3%) patients had lung and/or cardiovascular involvement-11 (11.2%) patients had lung involvement, 10 (10.2%) patients had cardiovascular involvement (six patients had both). Most of them (67.0%) had never smoked. The mean follow-up time of the patients with AIP type 1 was 49 months. Conclusions: Lung and/or cardiovascular involvement were diagnosed in 15 (15.3%) patients in our historical cohort of patients with AIP type 1. Most of the lung involvement was presented in the form of nodular lesions in the lungs, non-specific infiltrates, “ground-glass” appearance with pleura thickening, and effusion. Aortic involvement was a major form of vascular involvement in patients with AIP, as in previous published studies on patients with IgG4-RD.
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Wang X, Wan J, Zhao L, Da J, Cao B, Zhai Z. IgG4-related disease with tracheobronchial miliary nodules and asthma: a case report and review of the literature. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:191. [PMID: 31666048 PMCID: PMC6822466 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0957-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs of the body. Pulmonary manifestations of IgG4-RD include pulmonary solid nodules, thickening of bronchovascular bundles, interstitial involvement, and ground glass opacities. Here we present a rare case of IgG4-RD with tracheobronchial nodules and review the relevant literature. Case presentation A 52-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a history of intermittent cough for 27 months and recurrent wheezing for 17 months. He had been diagnosed with asthma prior to admission and was responsive to oral prednisone (30 mg/day, with gradual tapering). Bronchoscopy performed 2 years prior to admission showed tracheal and bronchial mucosal hyperemia, edema, and miliary nodules. Pathological tests showed chronic inflammation with focal lymphocytic infiltration in the bronchial mucosa. The patient had recurrent cough and wheezing after prednisone was stopped or the dose reduced. At the time of admission to our hospital, his serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) level had increased to 7.35 g/L. Following bronchoscopy, the IgG4 expression in the bronchial mucosa was compared with that observed during the last two bronchoscopies. Bronchoscopy performed 7 months prior to admission revealed IgG4+ plasma cell infiltration in the bronchial tissue, with > 10 IgG4+ plasma cells per high power field and an IgG4+/IgG+ cell ratio of > 40%. The current bronchoscopy revealed a decrease in IgG4 expression in the bronchial tissue, probably because of the intermittent prednisone treatment. The case fulfilled the comprehensive clinical diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD. He received prednisone and azathioprine, and he has never developed recurrence. Conclusions Our case exhibited three important clinical indication: First, tracheobronchial miliary nodules could be the presentation of IgG4-related disease. Second, IgG4-related disease with pulmonary involvement has close connection with asthma. Last, IgG4-related disease can be very sensitive to prednisone, the infiltration of IgG4 positive plasma cells decreased after prednisone treatment and symptoms significantly improved in our case. In conclusion, we reported the first case of IgG4-RD presenting with miliary nodules on the tracheal and bronchial tube walls combined with asthma. The findings will further our understanding of the characteristics of IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Wang
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, No 2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wan
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, No 2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No 2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiping Da
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No 2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cao
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, No 2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenguo Zhai
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, No 2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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8
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Abstract
IgG4-related diseases (IgG4-RDs), such as autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-related Mikulicz disease, are often accompanied by intrathoracic lesions, which are called IgG4-related respiratory disease (IgG4-RRD). IgG4-RRD has few subjective symptoms, and is usually detected during workup of patients with extra-thoracic lesions of IgG4-RD. IgG4-RRD is characterized by various conditions, including masses, nodules, thickening, and infiltration at numerous sites in the thorax through lymphatic routes. Although elevated serum IgG4 concentrations and pathologic evidence of lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates with abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells are characteristic findings of IgG4-RD, other intrathoracic diseases, such as multicentric Castleman disease and malignancy, may present with similar findings. Developing diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RRD, including clinicoradiological and pathological characteristics, is necessary for its appropriate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Matsui
- a Health Administration Center , University of Toyama , Toyama , Japan
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9
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Erdei A, Steiber Z, Molnar C, Berenyi E, Nagy EV. Exophthalmos in a young woman with no graves' disease - a case report of IgG4-related orbitopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:5. [PMID: 29329570 PMCID: PMC5766976 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-rd) is characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and tissue fibrosis. Orbital manifestations of IgG4-rd may include unilateral or bilateral proptosis, cicatricial extraocular muscle myopathy, orbital inflammation and pain which may mimic ophthalmic Graves’ disease. Case presentation A 25-year-old woman has been referred to the endocrinology clinic, 4 months after delivery, with suspected Graves’ orbitopathy. She has had bronchial asthma and recurrent skin rashes of unknown aetiology for the last 10 years and was treated for dacryoadenitis with steroid containing eye drops 5 years ago. During pregnancy she developed eyelid swelling. After delivery, eyelid redness and retrobulbar pain evolved. Proptosis was demonstrated by Hertel’s exophthalmometry. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging showed enlarged lateral and superior rectus muscles in both orbits. Thyroid function tests were in the normal range and no thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor autoantibodies were present. The eye muscle involvement pattern raised suspicion, and the high IgG4 level with positive histology of the lacrimal gland confirmed the diagnosis of immunoglobulin G4-related orbitopathy. Rapid improvement was observed following oral methylprednisolone. Conclusions IgG4-related orbitopathy may mimic Graves’ orbitopathy. Euthyroid patients with no TSH receptor autoantibodies should be evaluated for immunoglobulin G4-related orbitopathy. Once IgG4-related orbitopathy is proven, other manifestations of IgG4-related disease have to be searched for; lifelong follow-up is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Erdei
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
| | - Zita Steiber
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Csaba Molnar
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Ervin Berenyi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Endre V Nagy
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
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11
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Outcome of Long-term Maintenance Steroid Therapy Cessation in Patients With Autoimmune Pancreatitis: A Prospective Study. J Clin Gastroenterol 2016; 50:331-7. [PMID: 26565969 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To predict the duration of steroid maintenance therapy required to achieve good prognosis in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study sample comprised 21 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis who met the following criteria: (1) they received steroid therapy (ST) for at least 3 years without clinical relapse; and (2) immunoglobulin (Ig) G<1600 mg/dL was observed in the past year with a prednisolone maintenance dose ≤5 mg. All patients could be diagnosed with international consensus diagnostic criteria. Patients were prospectively followed up after tapering and cessation of steroids. Clinical relapse was defined as the need to resume ST. Serological relapse was defined as having an IgG level of >1600 mg/dL. RESULTS During the 43-month (range, 19 to 48 mo) follow-up period, clinical relapse occurred in 10 patients: pancreatic lesion in 4; coronary lesion in 2; submandibular lesion in 1; both pulmonary and renal lesions in 1; pulmonary, retroperitoneal, and submandibular lesions in 1; and bronchial asthma in 1. Serological relapse was observed in 12 patients. Although clinical and serological relapse occurred concomitantly in 3 patients, serological relapse preceded clinical relapse in 4 patients. Five patients experienced serological relapse alone, and no clinical or serological relapse occurred in 6 patients. According to Cox proportional hazard analysis, the duration of ST before tapering was a significant predictive parameter (hazard ratio, 0.969/month; 95% confidence interval, 0.940-0.998; P=0.038). CONCLUSIONS ST cessation resulted in a high rate of clinical relapses, even in patients with long-term maintenance therapy. Therefore, it appears desirable to continue steroid maintenance therapy for a period >3 years to prevent relapse.
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12
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Sokai R, Ito S, Iwano S, Uchida A, Aso H, Kondo M, Ishiguro N, Kojima T, Hasegawa Y. Respiratory mechanics measured by forced oscillation technique in rheumatoid arthritis-related pulmonary abnormalities: frequency-dependence, heterogeneity and effects of smoking. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:335. [PMID: 27064652 PMCID: PMC4792822 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related pulmonary disorders specifically airway abnormalities and interstitial pneumonia (IP) are important extra-articular manifestations. The forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a useful method to assess respiratory impedance, respiratory resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs), at different oscillatory frequencies during tidal breathing. The aim of this study was to characterize the respiratory mechanics of patients with RA and to relate them to parameters of the pulmonary function test and findings of chest CT images. Respiratory impedance of RA patients (n = 69) was measured as a function of frequency from 4 to 36 Hz using the FOT device and compared with that of healthy subjects (n = 10). Data were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were female-dominant (60.9 %) and 95.7 % had abnormal CT findings including airway and parenchymal abnormalities. Thirty-seven of 69 patients (53.6 %) were smokers. Rrs was significantly frequency-dependent in RA patients but not in the healthy subjects. Xrs were significantly frequency-dependent in both RA and healthy groups. Rrs was significantly higher during an expiratory phase in both RA and healthy groups. Xrs was significantly lower (more negative) during an expiratory phase than that during an inspiratory phase in RA patients but not in healthy subjects. Xrs of the RA group was significantly more negative than that of the normal control. There was no difference in impedance parameters between the airway lesion dominant (n = 27) and IP dominant groups (n = 23) in the RA group. The impedance parameters of the RA group significantly correlated with most parameters of the pulmonary function test. In pulmonary function test results, % of the predicted value for forced expiratory flow from 25 to 75 % of forced vital capacity was significantly lower and % of the predicted value for diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide was higher in the airway lesion dominant group than those in the IP dominant group. Krebs von den Lungen-6, a serum indicator of IP, was significantly higher in the IP group than that in the airway lesion dominant group. Taken together, the impedance results reflect abnormalities in pulmonary functions and structures in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Sokai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Satoru Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Shingo Iwano
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Akemi Uchida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Hiromichi Aso
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Masashi Kondo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kojima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
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Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a recently recognized systemic disease characterized by tumefactive lesions in various organ systems. The list of organs that can be involved continues to expand, and recently computed tomography (CT) descriptions of the pulmonary lesions found in the disease have been described. The clinical symptoms are nonspecific and may include cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and fever. The appropriate clinical presentation along with elevated serum IgG4 concentrations and pathologic evidence of lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates with abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells and storiform fibrosis is consistent with the disease. Steroids are used to treat this disease in addition to immunosupressives such as cyclosporine or rituxumab for steroid refractory disease. The pulmonary manifestations and imaging features can often mimic malignancy, and as such knowledge of the diagnostic, clinicopathologic, and radiographic features of the disease is required in order to provide appropriate diagnostic workup and treatment.
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15
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Interleukin 13-positive mast cells are increased in immunoglobulin G4-related sialadenitis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7696. [PMID: 25571893 PMCID: PMC4287729 DOI: 10.1038/srep07696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-13 is a T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine that plays important roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. IL-13 induces hypersensitivity of the airways, increased mucous production, elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels, and increased numbers of eosinophils. Many patients with IgG4-related disease have allergic backgrounds and show elevated serum IgE levels and an increase in the number of eosinophils. Upregulation of Th2/regulatory T (Treg) cytokines, including IL-13, has been detected in affected tissues of patients with IgG4-related disease. We previously reported that mast cells might be responsible for the production of the Th2/Treg cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in IgG4-related disease. In this study, immunohistochemical analysis showed increased numbers of IL-13-positive mast cells in IgG4-related disease, which suggests that mast cells also produce IL-13 and contribute to elevation of serum IgE levels and eosinophil infiltration in IgG4-related disease.
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Yanagisawa N, Haruta I, Shimizu K, Furukawa T, Higuchi T, Shibata N, Shiratori K, Yagi J. Identification of commensal flora-associated antigen as a pathogenetic factor of autoimmune pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2014; 14:100-6. [PMID: 24650962 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a chronic fibro-inflammatory disease of the pancreas constituting, in part, a recently defined nosological entity of IgG4-related systemic sclerosing diseases. The pathogenetic factors of AIP have not been fully elucidated. We previously established a mouse model of AIP using chronic exposure to a commensal bacteria, Escherichia coli. METHODS To determine the pathogenetically relevant antigen of E. coli, the outer membrane fractions of E. coli were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting against sera from the AIP model. Immunoreactive spots were determined using MALDI TOF/MS and Mascot search. The recombinant protein of the identified antigen was examined for their ability to induce AIP-like disorder in C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, the antibody titer against that antigen was determined in AIP patients. RESULTS One representative spot reacting with sera from E. coli-inoculated mice was identified as FliC from E. coli, based on the results of TOF/MS. The repeated inoculation of recombinant FliC in C57BL/6 mice induced AIP-like pancreatitis and higher titers of anti-lactoferrin and anti-carbonic anhydrase II. Sera from patients with AIP had the highest antibody titer, while those from patients with pancreatic diseases other than AIP had a higher antibody titer against E. coli and FliC, compared with pancreatic disease-free controls. CONCLUSIONS FliC from E. coli may pathogenetically generate an AIP-like inflammation status. A reconsideration of the importance of commensal bacteria as an environmental factor(s) capable of inducing autoimmunity could provide insight to overcoming AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Yanagisawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Ikuko Haruta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Toru Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Shibata
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Keiko Shiratori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Junji Yagi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
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Kuruma S, Kamisawa T, Tabata T, Chiba K, Iwasaki S, Fujiwara T, Kuwata G, Egarashira H, Koizumi K, Koizumi S, Endo Y, Fujiwara J, Arakawa T, Momma K. Allergen-specific IgE antibody serologic assays in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis. Intern Med 2014; 53:541-3. [PMID: 24633022 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.53.0963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the allergic manifestations in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). METHODS We assessed 67 AIP patients, before they received steroid therapy, for a past history of allergic disease, the peripheral eosinophil count (n=62) and the serum IgE level (n=53). Allergen-specific IgE antibody serologic assays were performed in 15 patients. RESULTS A positive past history and/or the presence of active allergic disease were found in 24 AIP patients (36%), including 15 patients with acute allergic rhinitis and eight patients with bronchial asthma. Peripheral eosinophilia and elevation of the serum IgE level were detected in 16% (10/62) and 60% (32/53) of the patients, respectively. Allergen-specific IgE antibody serologic assays were positive in 13 patients (87%). There were no differences between the assay-positive and -negative patients regarding the clinical profiles. CONCLUSION In conclusion, 87% of the 15 AIP patients tested had positive allergen-specific IgE antibody serologic assays. Allergic mechanisms may be related to the occurrence of AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawako Kuruma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Japan
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Uchida A, Ito S, Suki B, Matsubara H, Hasegawa Y. Influence of cheek support on respiratory impedance measured by forced oscillation technique. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:342. [PMID: 23961407 PMCID: PMC3733071 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a useful tool to assess respiratory resistance and reactance during tidal breathing in patients with respiratory diseases, specifically asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although the FOT has been clinically used, results of respiratory impedance can be affected by various factors such as upper airway artifact. We investigated the effects of cheek support on respiratory resistance and reactance measured by a commercially available FOT equipment MostGraph-01. Respiratory resistance at 20 Hz (R20) with support of the cheeks was significantly higher than those without the cheek support in healthy subjects. Two different cheek support protocols, support of the cheeks by subjects themselves and an operator, were compared in healthy volunteers and patients with respiratory diseases. The cheek support protocols significantly affected respiratory resistance at 5 Hz (R5) and reactance at 5 Hz (X5) in the patient group but not in the healthy subjects. Moreover, for X5, there was a significant interaction between cheek support protocols (by a subject or operator) and groups (healthy or diseased). In conclusion, during impedance measurements using the FOT, application of cheek support either by subjects or the operator is recommended to reduce upper airway artifacts, however, results obtained by two protocols may be different in patients with respiratory diseases. Contribution of the chest wall and position of the arms to the mechanical properties should be carefully considered in physiological studies in which the FOT is attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Uchida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
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Development of IgG4-related disease 10 years after chemotherapy for diffuse large B cell lymphoma and longstanding bronchial asthma. Int J Hematol 2013; 98:122-8. [PMID: 23666666 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-013-1359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reported is a rare case IgG4-related disease that developed 10 years after combination chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A 59-year-old Japanese man with longstanding bronchial asthma was referred to our hospital for bilateral hilar lymph node enlargement. The initial diagnosis was diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by supraclavicular lymph node biopsy. Serum IgG was high (4550 mg/dL) at diagnosis. The patient achieved complete response following six cycles of combination chemotherapy. Ten years later, bilateral submaxillary gland swelling was observed. Serum IgG and IgG4 were 2909 and 1470 mg/dL, respectively. The patient was diagnosed with IgG4-related disease by submandibular lymph node biopsy. Due to the difficulty in distinguishing IgG4-related disease from DLBCL through imaging findings alone, pathological confirmation of such lesions by biopsy is mandatory before proceeding to treatment.
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Baer AN, Gourin CG, Westra WH, Cox DP, Greenspan JS, Daniels TE. Rare diagnosis of IgG4-related systemic disease by lip biopsy in an international Sjögren syndrome registry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012; 115:e34-9. [PMID: 23146570 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.07.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
IgG4-related disease has been recently defined as a distinct clinic-pathologic entity, characterized by dense IgG-4 plasmacytic infiltration of diverse organs, fibrosis, and tumefactive lesions. Salivary and lacrimal glands are a target of this disease and, when affected, may clinically resemble Küttner tumor, Mikulicz disease, or orbital inflammatory pseudotumor. In some patients, the disease is systemic, with metachronous involvement of multiple organs, including the pancreas, aorta, kidneys, and biliary tract. We report a 66-year-old man who presented with salivary gland enlargement and severe salivary hypofunction and was diagnosed with IgG4-related disease on the basis of a labial salivary gland biopsy. Additional features of his illness included a marked peripheral eosinophilia, obstructive pulmonary disease, and lymphoplasmacytic aortitis. He was evaluated in the context of a research registry for Sjögren syndrome and was the only 1 of 2594 registrants with minor salivary gland histopathologic findings supportive of this diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan N Baer
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
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