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Tirunavalli SK, Andugulapati SB. Geneticin ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating the TGF-β/Smad via modulating AMPK/SIRT1 signaling. Life Sci 2024; 346:122626. [PMID: 38614295 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive condition with unknown aetiology that causes the lung parenchyma to scar incessantly, lowering the quality of life and hastening death. In this investigation, we studied the anti-fibrotic activity of Geneticin (a derivative of gentamycin) using in vitro and in vivo models. MAIN METHODS The TGF-β-mediated differentiation model was adopted to investigate (fibrotic marker's levels/expression) the anti-fibrotic activity of geneticin (GNC) in in-vitro scenarios (LL29 and DHLF cells). In vivo, the bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis model was employed by administering BLM intratracheally. Post 14 days of BLM administration, animals were treated with geneticin (6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg·kg-1) for another 14 days, and their therapeutic effect was investigated using a spectrum of techniques. KEY FINDINGS RTqPCR and western-blot results revealed that geneticin treatment significantly attenuated the TGF-β/BLM mediated fibrotic cascade of markers in both in-vitro and in-vivo models respectively. Further, the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis model revealed, that geneticin dose-dependently reduced the BLM-induced inflammatory cell infiltrations, and thickness of the alveoli walls, improved the structural distortion of the lung, and aided in improving the survival rate of the rats. Picrosirus and Masson's trichrome staining indicated that geneticin therapy reduced collagen deposition and, as a result, lung functional characteristics were improved as assessed by flexivent. Mechanistic studies have shown that geneticin reduced fibrosis by attenuating the TGF-β/Smad through modulating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that geneticin may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Krishna Tirunavalli
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India.
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Siroux V, Boudier A, Lyon-Caen S, Quentin J, Gioria Y, Hantos Z, Slama R, Pin I, Bayat S. Intra-breath changes in respiratory mechanics are sensitive to history of respiratory illness in preschool children: the SEPAGES cohort. Respir Res 2024; 25:99. [PMID: 38402379 PMCID: PMC10893684 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intra-breath oscillometry has been proposed as a sensitive means of detecting airway obstruction in young children. We aimed to assess the impact of early life wheezing and lower respiratory tract illness on lung function, using both standard and intra-breath oscillometry in 3 year old children. METHODS History of doctor-diagnosed asthma, wheezing, bronchiolitis and bronchitis and hospitalisation for respiratory problems were assessed by questionnaires in 384 population-based children. Association of respiratory history with standard and intra-breath oscillometry parameters, including resistance at 7 Hz (R7), frequency-dependence of resistance (R7 - 19), reactance at 7 Hz (X7), area of the reactance curve (AX), end-inspiratory and end-expiratory R (ReI, ReE) and X (XeI, XeE), and volume-dependence of resistance (ΔR = ReE-ReI) was estimated by linear regression adjusted on confounders. RESULTS Among the 320 children who accepted the oscillometry test, 281 (88%) performed 3 technically acceptable and reproducible standard oscillometry measurements and 251 children also performed one intra-breath oscillometry measurement. Asthma was associated with higher ReI, ReE, ΔR and R7 and wheezing was associated with higher ΔR. Bronchiolitis was associated with higher R7 and AX and lower XeI and bronchitis with higher ReI. No statistically significant association was observed for hospitalisation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm the good success rate of oscillometry in 3-year-old children and indicate an association between a history of early-life wheezing and lower respiratory tract illness and lower lung function as assessed by both standard and intra-breath oscillometry. Our study supports the relevance of using intra-breath oscillometry parameters as sensitive outcome measures in preschool children in epidemiological cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, IAB, Grenoble, 38000, France.
| | - Anne Boudier
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, IAB, Grenoble, 38000, France
- CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, IAB, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Joane Quentin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, IAB, Grenoble, 38000, France
- CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Yoann Gioria
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, IAB, Grenoble, 38000, France
- CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Zoltán Hantos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Technical Informatics and Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, IAB, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Isabelle Pin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, IAB, Grenoble, 38000, France
- CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sam Bayat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Dept. of Pulmonology, STROBE Inserm UA7 Laboratory, Grenoble, France
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Han Z, Wang L, Liu Y, Chan T, Shi Z, Yu M. How do three-layer surgical masks prevent SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission? Sep Purif Technol 2023; 314:123574. [PMID: 36960012 PMCID: PMC10008175 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The three-layer surgical mask was recognized by the World Health Organization as an effective-protection tool for reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the contribution of each layer of this mask to the particle size-dependent filtration performance resistance remains unclear. Here, both experimental work and numerical simulation were conducted to study the role of each mask layer in particle size-dependent filtration and respiratory resistance. By using scanning electron microscopy images of a commercial three-layer mask, composed of two spun-bond and one melt-blown nonwoven polypropylene fabric layers, four representative models were constructed, in which the computational fluid dynamics of multiphase flow were performed. The pressure drop of all models under different flow conditions was measured next. Numerical simulation was then verified by comparing the experimental results in the present study and other theoretical works. The filtration efficiency of the spun-bond polypropylene nonwoven fabric layer was much lower than that of the melt-blown nonwoven polypropylene fabric layer for the particle diameter in the range of 0.1-2.0 μm. Both the spun-bond and melt-blown nonwoven polypropylene fabric layers demonstrated extremely low filtration efficiency for particles was<0.3 μm in diameter, with the maximum filtration efficiency being only 30%. The present results may facilitate rational design of mask products in terms of layer number and structural design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Han
- Laboratory of Aerosol Science and Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yueyan Liu
- Laboratory of Aerosol Science and Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tatleung Chan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Zhandong Shi
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingzhou Yu
- Laboratory of Aerosol Science and Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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Minsky RC, Bobbio T, Mucha FC, Schivinski CIS. Impact of Forced Exhalation Maneuvers During Spirometry on Airway Resistance Measured by Oscillometry in Healthy Children. Indian J Pediatr 2022; 89:1180-1186. [PMID: 35771348 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-022-04198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of repeated forced spirometry maneuvers on oscillometry parameters of healthy children. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with healthy children (6-12 y old) from schools in Florianopolis-SC/Brazil. Good health condition was confirmed through questionnaires, health history, and normal spirometry. Spirometry maneuvers and impulse oscillometry were conducted according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines. The school children were grouped according to the number of spirometry maneuvers performed: 1) 3 maneuvers; 2) 4 maneuvers and 3) 5 to 8 maneuvers. The following oscillometry values were considered: at rest (T0); after the first spirometry maneuver (T1); and after the last maneuver (T2), according to the groups' allocation. The mixed model ANOVA was applied to verify the interaction of oscillometry parameters in all 3 moments and groups. The Friedman test was used for analysis of Fres (p < 0.05). RESULTS In 149 school children (mean age: 9.13 y old ± 1.98), there was a significant increase in Z5, R5, R20, and X5 values at rest and after the first spirometry maneuver, and values at rest and after the last maneuver in all groups. The effects on analyzed variables were significant in Z5 (F: 12.35; gl: 2; p < 0.001), R5 (F: 11.14; df: 2, p < 0.001), R20 (F: 7.53; df: 2, p < 0.001), and X5 (F: 4.30; df: 2, p = 0.014). CONCLUSION There were changes in respiratory mechanics after spirometry, like the increase in baseline Z5, R5, R20, and X5 after the first forced spirometry maneuver, and in comparison to the last maneuver obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Coelho Minsky
- Department of Physiotherapy, State University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Bobbio
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of St. Augustine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Francieli Camila Mucha
- Department of Physiotherapy, State University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88080-350, Brazil
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Solomon NP, Pham A, Gallena S, Johnson AT, Vossoughi J, Faroqi-Shah Y. Resting Respiratory Resistance in Female Teenage Athletes With and Without Exercise-Induced Laryngeal Obstruction. J Voice 2022; 36:734.e1-734.e6. [PMID: 32988702 PMCID: PMC7990743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) occurs with paradoxical vocal fold motion or supraglottic collapse during moderate to vigorous exercise. Previously, Gallena et al (2015) reported lower-than-normal inspiratory (Ri) and expiratory (Re) resistances during resting tidal breathing (RTB) in female teenage athletes with EILO. This study aimed to replicate that unexpected result. METHOD The Airflow Perturbation Device measured Ri and Re during three 1-minute trials of RTB in 16 teenage female athletes with EILO and 16 sex-, age-, and height-matched controls. Multiple linear regression examined group, age, height, and weight as predictors of Ri and Re. RESULTS Ri and Re tended to be lower in the EILO group than the control group [Ri: F(1,30) = 3.58, P = 0.068, d = 0.686; Re: F(1,30) = 3.28, P = 0.080, d = 0.640], but there was no statistically significant difference in the overall effect [F(2,29) = 1.75, P = 0.192]. After one outlier for Re from the EILO group and her matched control were removed, the overall difference was statistically significant, F(2,27) = 3.38, P = 0.049, with Re primarily contributing to the difference [Ri: F(1,28) = 3.66, P = 0.066, d = 0.719; Re: F(1,28) = 5.69, P = 0.024, d = 0.899]. CONCLUSION These results did not replicate the robust differences found previously between Ri and Re during RTB in teenage girls with and without EILO, but the results trended in the same direction and met criterion for statistical significance once an outlier was removed from analysis. Overall, the observation that resting respiratory resistances were lower in most teenage girls with EILO suggests that reduced tone of the laryngeal and/or lower airways may predispose young athletes to EILO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Pearl Solomon
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland; University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.
| | - Andrea Pham
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland; Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | | | - Jafar Vossoughi
- Engineering & Scientific Research Associates, Brookeville, Maryland
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Kato I, Masuda Y, Nagashima K. Surgical masks do not increase the risk of heat stroke during mild exercise in hot and humid environment. Ind Health 2021; 59:325-333. [PMID: 34421100 PMCID: PMC8516632 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2021-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surgical masks are widely used for the prevention of respiratory infections. However, the risk of heat stroke during intense work or exercise in hot and humid environment is a concern. This study aimed to examine whether wearing a surgical mask increases the risk of heat stroke during mild exercise in such environment. Twelve participants conducted treadmill exercise for 30 min at 6 km/h, with 5% slope, 35°C ambient temperature, and 65% relative humidity, while wearing or not a surgical mask (mask and control trials, respectively). Rectal temperature (Trec), ear canal temperature (Tear), and mean skin temperature (mean Tskin) were assessed. Skin temperature and humidity of the perioral area of the face (Tface and RHface) were also estimated. Thermal sensation and discomfort, sensation of humidity, fatigue, and thirst were rated using the visual analogue scale. Trec, Tear, mean Tskin, and Tface increased during the exercise, without any difference between the two trials. RHface during the exercise was greater in the mask trial. Hot sensation was greater in the mask trial, but no influence on fatigue and thirst was found. These results suggest that wearing a surgical mask does not increase the risk of heat stroke during mild exercise in moist heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Kato
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Japan
- Body Temperature and Fluid Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Japan
| | - Yuta Masuda
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Japan
- Body Temperature and Fluid Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Japan
| | - Kei Nagashima
- Body Temperature and Fluid Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Japan
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Korsós A, Peták F, Südy R, Schranc Á, Fodor GH, Babik B. Use of capnography to verify emergency ventilator sharing in the COVID-19 era. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2021; 285:103611. [PMID: 33359758 PMCID: PMC7832691 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Exacerbation of COVID-19 pandemic may lead to acute shortage of ventilators, which may require shared use of ventilator as a lifesaving concept. Two model lungs were ventilated with one ventilator to i) test the adequacy of individual tidal volumes via capnography, ii) assess cross-breathing between lungs, and iii) offer a simulation-based algorithm for ensuring equal tidal volumes. Ventilation asymmetry was induced by placing rubber band around one model lung, and the uneven distribution of tidal volumes (VT) was counterbalanced by elevating airflow resistance (HR) contralaterally. VT, end-tidal CO2 concentration (ETCO2), and peak inspiratory pressure (Ppi) were measured. Unilateral LC reduced VT and elevated ETCO2 on the affected side. Under HR, VT and ETCO2 were re-equilibrated. In conclusion, capnography serves as simple, bedside method for controlling the adequacy of split ventilation in each patient. No collateral gas flow was observed between the two lungs with different time constants. Ventilator sharing may play a role in emergency situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Korsós
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, 6 Semmelweis Street, H 6725, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Peták
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 9 Koranyi Fasor, H 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Roberta Südy
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, 6 Semmelweis Street, H 6725, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Álmos Schranc
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 9 Koranyi Fasor, H 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely H Fodor
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 9 Koranyi Fasor, H 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barna Babik
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, 6 Semmelweis Street, H 6725, Szeged, Hungary
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Nakahira J, Nakano S, Minami T. Evaluation of alveolar recruitment maneuver on respiratory resistance during general anesthesia: a prospective observational study. BMC Anesthesiol 2020; 20:264. [PMID: 33069208 PMCID: PMC7568405 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-020-01182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alveolar recruitment maneuvers enable easily reopening nonaerated lung regions via a transient elevation in transpulmonary pressure. To evaluate the effect of these maneuvers on respiratory resistance, we used an oscillatory technique during mechanical ventilation. This study was conducted to assess the effect of the alveolar recruitment maneuvers on respiratory resistance under routine anesthesia. We hypothesized that respiratory resistance at 5 Hz (R5) after the maneuver would be decreased after the lung aeration. Methods After receiving the ethics committee’s approval, we enrolled 33 patients who were classified with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of 1, 2 or 3 and were undergoing general anesthesia for transurethral resection of a bladder tumor within a 12-month period from 2017 to 2018. The recruitment maneuver was performed 30 min after endotracheal intubation. The maneuver consisted of sustained manual inflation of the anesthesia reservoir bag to a peak inspiratory pressure of 40 cmH2O for 15 s, including 5 s of gradually increasing the peak inspiratory pressure. Respiratory resistance was measured using the forced oscillation technique before and after the maneuver, and the mean R5 was calculated during the expiratory phase. The respiratory resistance and ventilator parameter results were analyzed using paired Student’s t-tests, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results We analyzed 31 patients (25 men and 6 women). R5 was 7.3 ± 1.6 cmH2O/L/sec before the recruitment maneuver during mechanical ventilation and was significantly decreased to 6.4 ± 1.7 cmH2O/L/sec after the maneuver. Peak inspiratory pressure and plateau pressure were significantly decreased, and pulmonary compliance was increased, although the values were not clinically relevant. Conclusion The recruitment maneuver decreased respiratory resistance and increased lung compliance during mechanical ventilation. Trial registration Name of registry: Japan Medical Association Center for Clinical Trials. Trial registration number: reference JMA-IIA00136. Date of registration: 2 September 2013. URL of trial registry record: https://dbcentre3.jmacct.med.or.jp/JMACTR/App/JMACTRE02_04/JMACTRE02_04.aspx?kbn=3&seqno=3582
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Nakahira
- Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Shoko Nakano
- Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Minami
- Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
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Ohbayashi H, Kudo S, Ariga M. Evaluation of Rapid Onset of Action of ICS/LABA Combination Therapies on Respiratory Function in Asthma Patients: A Single-Center, Open-Label, Randomized, Crossover Trial. Pulm Ther 2018; 4:159-169. [PMID: 32026393 PMCID: PMC6967249 DOI: 10.1007/s41030-018-0062-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Products based on inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β2 agonist (LABA) combinations may provide different clinical benefits. This study was conducted to compare the rapid effects of three such combination products: formoterol/fluticasone (FFC) aerosol (pMDI), formoterol/budesonide (FBC) dry powder inhaler (DPI), and vilanterol/fluticasone furoate (VFC) DPI. METHODS The study design was a three-armed, randomized, crossover study. Patients included in the study had stable moderate asthma, defined as an Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score ≤ 0.75, and were undergoing step 2 or 3 asthma treatment as defined by JGL2015. Subjects were treated with fluticasone propionate inhaled via Diskus® during a 2-week washout period before randomization. At visit 2, subjects were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to FFC, FBC, or VFC, and evaluated for changes in pulmonary function over time. At visits 3 and 4, the treatment was switched to another ICS/LABA combination in a crossover manner after a 1-week washout period. Spirometry was performed pre-dose and at 3, 10, and 30 min post-dose, and forced oscillation was implemented pre-dose and at 1, 7, 15, and 60 min post-dose. RESULTS Fifteen outpatients (63.3 ± 9.5 years, ACQ: 0.13 ± 0.19) completed the study. ∆FEV1 at 3 min did not significantly differ among the three groups. Significant increases in FEV1 and %FEV1 from baseline were observed in the FFC (p = 0.004, 0.003), FBC (p = 0.014, 0.011), and VFC (p = 0.032, 0.023) groups at 30 min. Improvements in respiratory resistance at 5-20 Hz from baseline at 60 min, resonant frequency, respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz, and low-frequency reactance area from baseline were observed at 1 min in the FFC group (p = 0.014, 0.002, 0.027, 0.018, respectively). CONCLUSION FFC administered using a pMDI showed favorable delivery to peripheral airways and significantly more rapid action promptly after inhalation as compared with other ICS/LABA preparations inhaled using a DPI, thus broadening the potential therapeutic options for asthma. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000029379. FUNDING Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ohbayashi
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Tohno-Chuo Clinic, 1-14-1, Matsugase-Cho, Mizunami, Gifu, 509-6134, Japan.
- General Incorporated Association, Academy of Inhalation Treatment Methods, 1-14-1, Matsugase-Cho, Mizunami, Gifu, 509-6134, Japan.
| | - Sahori Kudo
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Tohno-Chuo Clinic, 1-14-1, Matsugase-Cho, Mizunami, Gifu, 509-6134, Japan
- General Incorporated Association, Academy of Inhalation Treatment Methods, 1-14-1, Matsugase-Cho, Mizunami, Gifu, 509-6134, Japan
| | - Mitsue Ariga
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Tohno-Chuo Clinic, 1-14-1, Matsugase-Cho, Mizunami, Gifu, 509-6134, Japan
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Kodaka N, Yamagishi T, Watanabe K, Kishimoto K, Nakano C, Oshio T, Niitsuma K, Shimada N, Matsuse H. Evaluation of Inhaled Procaterol for Potential Assist Use in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Med Princ Pract 2018; 27:350-355. [PMID: 29772569 PMCID: PMC6170911 DOI: 10.1159/000490146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES International guidelines recommend the use of long-acting bronchodilators for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the usefulness of short-acting bronchodilator assist use for stable COPD remains uncertain. The purpose of the present study was to objectively demonstrate the effects of assist use of procaterol, a short-acting β2-agonist, on the respiratory mechanics of stable COPD patients treated with a long-acting bronchodilator using forced oscillation technique (FOT) and conventional spirometry. We also confirmed the length of time for which procaterol assist could significantly improve the pulmonary function. METHODS We enrolled 28 outpatients with mild to severe COPD (Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease stages I-III), who had used the same long-acting bronchodilator for longer than 3 months and who were in stable condition. All measures were performed using both FOT and spirometry sequentially from 15 min to 2 h after inhalation. RESULTS Compared to baseline, inhaled procaterol assist use modestly but significantly improved spirometric and FOT measurements within 2 h after inhalation. These significant effects continued for at least 2 h. -Significant correlations were found between parameters -measured by spirometry and those measured by FOT. CONCLUSIONS Procaterol assist use modestly but significantly improved pulmonary function determined by spirometry and respiratory mechanics in patients with stable COPD treated with long-acting bronchodilators. Thus, inhaled procaterol has the potential for assist use for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiroto Matsuse
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Ohbayashi H. Comparison of the rapid effects of single inhalations of formoterol and tiotropium bromide on respiratory function and COPD symptoms in a randomized crossover study. Respir Investig 2017; 55:348-356. [PMID: 29153415 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare rapid improvements in respiratory function and symptoms following single inhalation of formoterol (FOM) dry power inhaler (DPI) or tiotropium bromide (TIO) DPI in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Fifty-two outpatients with COPD (GOLD stage 2 or 3) received either a single inhalation of FOM DPI (9 μg via a Turbuhaler®) or TIO DPI (18μg via a HandiHaler®) in a randomized crossover manner. Respiratory function testing was performed before, and 15, 60, and 120min after drug administration. Indices of respiratory resistance (assessed with a Mostgraph®) were measured before, and 3, 7, 10, 15, 30, 60, and 120min after treatment.Visual analogue scale (VAS) (range 0-10cm) and modified Borg scale scores (CR10) were compared before and after treatment. RESULTS Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) significantly improved 15min after both FOM (p=0.002) and TIO (p=0.026). Respiratory resistance at 5Hz (R5) and resonant frequency indices significantly decreased 10min (p=0.007) and 3min (p=0.034) after inhaling FOM and remained reduced at 120min. Low frequency reactant indices at 5Hz (X5) significantly increased at 30min (p=0.012) VAS significantly correlated with FEV1 (r=-0.371, p=0.007), X5 (r=-0.304, p=0.029), and low-frequency reactance area (AX; r=0.305, p=0.028) in FOM, but not in TIO. Borg scale scores significantly correlated with FEV1% (r=-0.398, p=0.004), R5 (r=-0.379, p=0.006), respiratory resistance at 20Hz (R20; r=0.321, p=0.020), and R5-R20 (r=0.377, p=0.006) in FOM, but not in TIO. CONCLUSIONS FOM is more effective than TIO at rapidly improving pulmonary function and symptoms in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ohbayashi
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Tohno-Chuo-Clinic, Mizunami City, Japan; General Incorporated Association, Academy of Inhalation Treatment Methods, Japan.
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12
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Shephard RJ. Open-circuit respirometry: a brief historical review of the use of Douglas bags and chemical analyzers. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:381-387. [PMID: 28210818 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3556-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Douglas bag technique is reviewed as one in a series of articles looking at historical insights into measurement of whole body metabolic rate. Consideration of all articles looking at Douglas bag technique and chemical gas analysis has here focused on the growing appreciation of errors in measuring expired volumes and gas composition, and subjective reactions to airflow resistance and dead space. Multiple small sources of error have been identified and appropriate remedies proposed over a century of use of the methodology. Changes in the bag lining have limited gas diffusion, laboratories conducting gas analyses have undergone validation, and WHO guidelines on airflow resistance have minimized reactive effects. One remaining difficulty is a contamination of expirate by dead space air, minimized by keeping the dead space <70 mL. Care must also be taken to ensure a steady state, and formal validation of the Douglas bag method still needs to be carried out. We may conclude that the Douglas bag method has helped to define key concepts in exercise physiology. Although now superceded in many applications, the errors in a meticulously completed measurement are sufficiently low to warrant retention of the Douglas bag as the gold standard when evaluating newer open-circuit methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy J Shephard
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,, PO Box 521, Brackendale, BC, V0N 1H0, Canada.
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Akamatsu T, Shirai T, Shimoda Y, Suzuki T, Hayashi I, Noguchi R, Mochizuki E, Sakurai S, Saigusa M, Yamamoto A, Shishido Y, Akita T, Morita S, Asada K. Forced oscillation technique as a predictor of FEV1 improvement in asthma. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016; 236:78-83. [PMID: 27884795 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The usefulness of the forced oscillation technique (FOT) for predicting the treatment outcomes in untreated asthmatic patients is unknown. We investigated whether FOT could predict an improvement in FEV1 following treatment. FOT, spirometry, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide were performed in 31 outpatients before and after undergoing a minimum of two months combination therapy of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-agonists. The patients were classified as responders or nonresponders to treatment based on the presence or absence of a 10% improvement in the FEV1. The responders to the treatment regimen exhibited lower FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75%, and higher respiratory resistance at 5Hz (R5), as well as a difference between R5 and R20 (R5-R20) at baseline compared to the nonresponders. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, a change in FEV1 greater than 10% was independently predicted by the R5 (adjusted odds ratio: 15.9). The ROC curve analyses revealed that the area under the curve for R5 (0.731) was larger than that of the other parameters. Thus, R5 is a forced oscillatory parameter and predicts an improvement in FEV1 following treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Akamatsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Shirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Shimoda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahito Suzuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Rie Noguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Eisuke Mochizuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shogo Sakurai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Mika Saigusa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akito Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shishido
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takefumi Akita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoru Morita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Asada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
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Janssens T, Steele AM, Rosenfield D, Ritz T. Airway reactivity in response to repeated emotional film clip presentation in asthma. Biol Psychol 2017; 123:1-7. [PMID: 27856329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Emotional stimuli elicit airway constriction in individuals with asthma and in healthy individuals, but little is known about effects of repeated stimulation. We therefore explored the effect of repeated emotion induction on respiratory resistance (Rrs) using unpleasant, high-arousal surgery films and investigated effects of respiration and emotional reactivity. Twenty-six participants (13 with asthma) watched a series of 12 short, 45-s surgery films followed by 2-min recovery periods. Rrs assessed with impulse oscillometry was significantly elevated during films in both groups compared to baseline and recovered quickly after that. No habituation of airway responses occurred. Rrs was higher in participants who felt more aroused and less in control when watching the films. Changes in Rrs remained significant when controlling for changes in respiration or emotional experience. Thus, although unpleasant stimuli lead to elevated Rrs, airway obstruction is not exacerbated with repeated stimulation due to a fast return to baseline after stimulation.
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15
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Ghafarian P, Jamaati H, Hashemian SM. A Review on Human Respiratory Modeling. Tanaffos 2016; 15:61-69. [PMID: 27904536 PMCID: PMC5127616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Input impedance of the respiratory system is measured by forced oscillation technique (FOT). Multiple prior studies have attempted to match the electromechanical models of the respiratory system to impedance data. Since the mechanical behavior of airways and the respiratory system as a whole are similar to an electrical circuit in a combination of series and parallel formats some theories were introduced according to this issue. It should be noted that, the number of elements used in these models might be less than those required due to the complexity of the pulmonary-chest wall anatomy. Various respiratory models have been proposed based on this idea in order to demonstrate and assess the different parts of respiratory system related to children and adults data. With regard to our knowledge, some of famous respiratory models in related to obstructive, restrictive diseases and also Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Ghafarian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,, PET/CT and Cyclotron Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Jamaati
- Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence to: Jamaati HR, Address: Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Email address:
| | - Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Novali M, Shalaby KH, Robichaud A, Benedetti A, Fereydoonzad L, McGovern TK, Schuessler TF, Martin JG. Mechanical consequences of allergic induced remodeling on mice airway resistance and compressibility. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2015; 218:11-20. [PMID: 26213118 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The effect of remodeling on airway function is uncertain. It may affect airway compressibility during forced expirations differently than airflow resistance, providing a tool for its assessment. The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of acute and chronic antigen challenge on methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction assessed from resistance and maximal tidal expiratory flow. Balb/C mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and challenged either daily for three days with intra-nasal OVA or daily for 5 days and three times a week for 5 subsequent weeks. Acute and chronic allergen challenge induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine. However the relationship between maximal tidal expiratory flow and resistance during methacholine challenge was different between the two conditions, suggesting that the determinants of AHR are not identical following acute and chronic allergen exposure. We conclude that the contrast of changes in maximal tidal expiratory flow and respiratory resistance during methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction may allow the detection of the mechanical consequences of airway remodeling.
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Abstract
Experiments have shown that anaphylaxis decreases cardiac output; increases left ventricular end diastolic pressure; induces severe early acute increase in respiratory resistance with pulmonary interstitial edema; and decreases splanchnic, cerebral, and myocardial blood flow more than what would be expected from severe arterial dilation and hypotension. This is attributed to the constrictive action of inflammatory mediators released during anaphylactic shock. Inflammatory mediators such as histamine, neutral proteases, arachidonic acid products, platelet-activating factor (PAF), and a variety of cytokines and chemokines constitute the pathophysiologic basis of Kounis hypersensitivity-associated acute coronary syndrome. Although the mechanisms of anaphylactic shock still remain to be elucidated, myocardial involvement due to vasospasm-induced coronary blood flow reduction manifesting as Kounis syndrome should be always considered. Searching current experimental and clinical literature on anaphylactic shock pathophysiology, causality, clinical appearance, and treatment via PubMed showed that differentiating global hypoperfusion from primary tissue suppression due to mast cell mediator constrictive action on systemic arterial vasculature is a challenging procedure. Combined tissue suppression from arterial involvement and peripheral vasodilatation, perhaps, occur simultaneously. In cases of anaphylactic shock treatment targeting the primary cause of anaphylaxis together with protection of coronary vasculature and subsequently the cardiac tissue seems to be of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Kounis
- Department of Medical Sciences, Patras Highest Institute of Education and Technology, Patras, Greece
| | - George D Soufras
- Department of Cardiology, 'Saint Andrews' State General Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - George Hahalis
- Department of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, Rio, Patras, Greece
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Beretta E, Tana F, Grasso GS, Bartesaghi M, Novelli L, Pesci A, Miserocchi G. Regional differences in bronchial reactivity assessed by respiratory impedance. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2014; 192:23-9. [PMID: 24321278 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We used the Impulse Oscillometric System (IOS) to gain information concerning the distribution of hyper-reactivity along the bronchial tree during methacholine challenge test (MCT). 37 subjects underwent MCT until reaching the provocative dose (PD20). At each dose, we estimated respiratory resistance at 5 and 20Hz (R5, R20), and reactance at 5Hz (X5). In non-responsive subjects (N=14) no changes in R5, R20, and X5 were observed during MCT. In responsive subjects, a wide spectrum of responses was found concerning frequency dependence and PD20. We describe two phenotypes representing the extremes of response. For PD20>400μg (N=13), MCT caused equal changes of resistance/reactance on varying oscillation frequencies, suggesting a homogeneous bronchoconstriction along the bronchial tree. For PD20<200μg (N=10), a remarkable frequency dependence was observed, with increase in R5, no change in R20, and decrease in X5, suggesting hyper-responsiveness of the distal airways paralleled by a change in visco-elastic properties of lung parenchyma.
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Uchida A, Ito S, Suki B, Matsubara H, Hasegawa Y. Influence of cheek support on respiratory impedance measured by forced oscillation technique. Springerplus 2013; 2:342. [PMID: 23961407 PMCID: PMC3733071 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a useful tool to assess respiratory resistance and reactance during tidal breathing in patients with respiratory diseases, specifically asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although the FOT has been clinically used, results of respiratory impedance can be affected by various factors such as upper airway artifact. We investigated the effects of cheek support on respiratory resistance and reactance measured by a commercially available FOT equipment MostGraph-01. Respiratory resistance at 20 Hz (R20) with support of the cheeks was significantly higher than those without the cheek support in healthy subjects. Two different cheek support protocols, support of the cheeks by subjects themselves and an operator, were compared in healthy volunteers and patients with respiratory diseases. The cheek support protocols significantly affected respiratory resistance at 5 Hz (R5) and reactance at 5 Hz (X5) in the patient group but not in the healthy subjects. Moreover, for X5, there was a significant interaction between cheek support protocols (by a subject or operator) and groups (healthy or diseased). In conclusion, during impedance measurements using the FOT, application of cheek support either by subjects or the operator is recommended to reduce upper airway artifacts, however, results obtained by two protocols may be different in patients with respiratory diseases. Contribution of the chest wall and position of the arms to the mechanical properties should be carefully considered in physiological studies in which the FOT is attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Uchida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
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Kim YH, Jeong YS, Choi GS, Park SI, Son SC. Effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on respiratory mechanics after tracheal intubation in children. Korean J Anesthesiol 2009; 57:714-718. [PMID: 30625954 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2009.57.6.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tracheal intubation causes a reflex tracheal constriction that leads to increased airway resistance. Inhalation anesthetics can prevent or minimize this response. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of 1 MAC sevoflurane or desflurane on respiratory mechanics in children after anesthetic induction using propofol and tracheal intubation. METHODS Sixty children undergoing elective surgery with tracheal intubation were assigned into two groups at random, a 1 MAC concentration of sevoflurane (n = 30) and a desflurane (n = 30) group. Anesthesia was induced using propofol (1.5 mg/kg) and tracheal intubation was facilitated using rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg). A respiratory profile monitor was used to measure the respiratory resistance, dynamic compliance and peak inspiratory airway pressure. The measurements were made at three time points, after three inspirations from the beginning of mechanical ventilation (baseline) and at 5 and 10 min after the administration of inhalation anesthetics. RESULTS Sevoflurane and desflurane led to a significant decrease in respiratory resistance and increased dynamic compliance at 5 and 10 min when compared to baseline. There were no significant differences in respiratory resistance and dynamic compliance between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS A 1 MAC concentration of sevoflurane and desflurane has a similar bronchodilatory effect after tracheal intubation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Yu Soon Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Guen Seok Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Sang Il Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Soo Chang Son
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
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