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Nimbal A, Ahirrao B, Vishwakarma A, Vishwakarma P, Wani AB, Patil AA. Comparative evaluation of GSH, total protein and albumin levels in patients using smokeless tobacco with oral precancerous and cancerous lesions. MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2024; 4:15. [PMID: 38476986 PMCID: PMC10928654 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2024.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Smokeless tobacco (SLT) causes the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative damage and carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to evaluate the levels of biomarkers, such as glutathione (GSH) in the blood, as well as serum albumin and total protein levels in SLT users with oral precancerous and cancerous lesions. A cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted on 240 patients aged 30-60 years, divided into four groups with 60 patients in each group as follows: Group 1, control group, non-tobacco users; group 2, 60 subjects with a history of SLT use and no oral lesions; group 3, SLT users with precancerous oral lesions; and group 4, SLT users with cancerous lesions. GSH levels in the blood, serum albumin levels and total protein levels were evaluated in all groups. ANOVA and Tukey's test post hoc were used to compare the levels of the biomarkers in all groups. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess the reliability of the biomarkers, and regression analysis was used to determine the associations between the variables. The use of SLT was predominantly observed in males. The mean GSH and serum albumin levels were lowest in group 4 and highest in the control group (P<0.001). The total serum protein levels were higher in group 4 than in group 3. On the whole, as demonstrated herein, GSH and serum albumin were reliable biomarkers, whereas total protein was a weak biomarker. GSH and serum albumin levels may thus be efficiently used for the early diagnosis and prognosis of oral malignancies in SLT users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Nimbal
- Department of Dentistry, B M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijaypura, Karnataka 586103, India
| | - Bhagyashri Ahirrao
- Department of Pathology, Jawahar Medical Foundation's ACPM Medical College, Dhule, Maharashtra 424001, India
| | - Aruna Vishwakarma
- Department of Pedodontics, Jawahar Medical Foundation's ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra 424001, India
| | - Prashanth Vishwakarma
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Jawahar Medical Foundation's ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra 424001, India
| | - Alisha Bhushan Wani
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Jawahar Medical Foundation's ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra 424001, India
| | - Asmita Anant Patil
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Jawahar Medical Foundation's ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra 424001, India
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2
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Romero-Ramírez S, Sosa-Hernández VA, Cervantes-Díaz R, Carrillo-Vázquez DA, Meza-Sánchez DE, Núñez-Álvarez C, Torres-Ruiz J, Gómez-Martín D, Maravillas-Montero JL. Salivary IgA subtypes as novel disease biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1080154. [PMID: 36911711 PMCID: PMC9992540 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1080154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the main antibody isotype in body fluids such as tears, intestinal mucous, colostrum, and saliva. There are two subtypes of IgA in humans: IgA1, mainly present in blood and mucosal sites, and IgA2, preferentially expressed in mucosal sites like the colon. In clinical practice, immunoglobulins are typically measured in venous or capillary blood; however, alternative samples, including saliva, are now being considered, given their non-invasive and easy collection nature. Several autoimmune diseases have been related to diverse abnormalities in oral mucosal immunity, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods We decided to evaluate the levels of both IgA subtypes in the saliva of SLE patients. A light chain capture-based ELISA measured specific IgA1 and IgA2 levels in a cohort of SLE patients compared with age and gender-matched healthy volunteers. Results Surprisingly, our results indicated that in the saliva of SLE patients, total IgA and IgA1 subtype were significantly elevated; we also found that salivary IgA levels, particularly IgA2, positively correlate with anti-dsDNA IgG antibody titers. Strikingly, we also detected the presence of salivary anti-nucleosome IgA antibodies in SLE patients, a feature not previously reported elsewhere. Conclusions According to our results and upon necessary validation, IgA characterization in saliva could represent a potentially helpful tool in the clinical care of SLE patients with the advantage of being a more straightforward, faster, and safer method than manipulating blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Romero-Ramírez
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Víctor A Sosa-Hernández
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Cervantes-Díaz
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel A Carrillo-Vázquez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David E Meza-Sánchez
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Núñez-Álvarez
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jiram Torres-Ruiz
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Gómez-Martín
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José L Maravillas-Montero
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
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3
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Choudhary S, Swami A, Kale L, Singh A, Aldhuwayhi S, Thakare A. Estimation of serum immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A levels in oral submucous fibrosis patients. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2022; 13:67-71. [PMID: 35911796 PMCID: PMC9326200 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_238_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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4
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Gupta R, Dhillon M, Maiti S, Singh L, Lakhina J, Manna A. Estimation of serum immunoglobulins as a diagnostic marker in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) patients. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ACADEMY OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_17_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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5
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Madki P, Tejasvi MLA, Paramkusam G, Khan R, J S. Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) and Circulating Immune Complexes in Oral Precancer and Cancer Patients. Glob Med Genet 2021; 8:95-99. [PMID: 34430960 PMCID: PMC8378921 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) and circulating immune complexes (CIC) as tumor marker in oral cancer and precancer patients.
Materials and Methods
The present study was performed on 45 individuals subdivided into three groups, that is, oral precancer, oral cancer and healthy individuals, and levels of immunoglobulins, and CIC was estimated by turbidometry and ELISA method.
Results
In the present study, the mean serum IgA levels in oral precancer were 161.00 ( ± 118.02) mg/dL, oral cancers were 270.67 ( ± 171.44) mg/dL, and controls were 133.73 ( ± 101.31) mg/dL. Mean serum levels of IgG in oral precancer were 1,430.87 ( ± 316) mg/dL, oral cancers were 1,234.27 ( ± 365.42) mg/dL, and controls were 593.87 ( ± 323.06) mg/dL.
Conclusion
We found that the levels of serum IgG and IgA were elevated consistently in precancer and cancer group, and Serum IgM levels were increased only in precancer. Also, significant increase in serum CIC levels were seen in oral precancer and cancer group on comparison with control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Madki
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SB Patil Dental College and Hospital, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Geetha Paramkusam
- Private Practice, Sri Venkateswara Dental Clinic, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Shilpa J
- Private Practice, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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6
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Wang L, Tang Z. Immunopathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis by chewing the areca nut. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:469-476. [PMID: 34124802 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0521-763rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive, scarring, and premalignant disease of the oral mucosa. Its pathogenic factors are complex and include chewing areca nuts or other spicy food items, nutrition, and genetic and immune factors. Recently, immune factors have become the focus of medical research, with increased attention being paid to the role of immune regulation in diseases, particularly tumors. OSF is accompanied by obvious changes in the immune microenvironment. The aim of this review is to discuss the potential relationship of OSF and areca nuts genetic with the immune system, including lymphocytes, macrophage, Langerhans cell, mast cell, and substances released by activated immune cells, to determine the pathogenesis and treatment of OSF from an immunologic viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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7
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Olayanju O, Bamidele O, Eseile B, Udeh C, Odok G, Awah N, Mba I, Abbiyesuku F. Levels of salivary immunoglobulin a and immunoglobulin G in type 2 diabetic patients. NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/njm.njm_104_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8
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Hegde SS, Sattur AP, Bargale AB, Rao GS, Shetty RS, Kulkarni RD, Ajantha GS. Estimation and correlation of serum and salivary glucose and immunoglobulin A levels and salivary candidal carriage in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2020; 14:206-213. [PMID: 33575008 PMCID: PMC7867688 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2020.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. A correlation has been noted between diabetes mellitus (DM) and changes in the oral cavity. The present study aimed to estimate, compare, and correlate serum and salivary glucose and IgA levels and salivary candidal carriage in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Methods. Eighty-eight subjects were categorized into three groups: group 1 (controlled DM; n=27), group 2 (uncontrolled DM; n=32) and group 3 (non-diabetics; n=29). Serum and salivary glucose levels were estimated by glucose oxidase/peroxidase method, serum and salivary IgA by a diagnostic kit, and candidal colonization by inoculating samples into Sabouraud dextrose agar plate. Statistical analyses were carried out by one-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey tests, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results. Significant elevation of serum IgA levels was observed in group 2 compared to group 3 and significant decreases in salivary IgA levels in groups 1 and 2. The candidal carriage was significantly higher in group 2 compared to group 3. Serum glucose and salivary IgA levels showed a significant correlation in group 1. There was a positive correlation between serum/ salivary glucose and serum/salivary IgA levels in group 2. In addition, there was a significant correlation between serum glucose and serum IgA levels in group 3. Conclusion. Saliva could be a potential, non-invasive diagnostic tool to estimate glucose levels. The evaluation of salivary components, like IgA, might be useful in diagnosing and managing oral manifestations in diabetic individuals. Elevated salivary glucose levels contribute to elevated candidal carriage, making individuals susceptible to oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi S Hegde
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mukka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Atul P Sattur
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India
| | - Anil Bapu Bargale
- Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Gayathri S Rao
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mukka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajeeth S Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mukka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India
| | - Raghavendra D Kulkarni
- Department of Microbiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India
| | - Ganavalli S Ajantha
- Department of Microbiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India
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9
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Tarsariya VM, Mehta DN, Raval N, Patadiya HH, Vachhrajani K, Ashem A. Evaluation of serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA) in potentially malignant disorders of oral cavity - A case control study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2020; 10:665-669. [PMID: 33005564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Only few studies have been done to evaluate level of serum immunoglobulins (IgG,IgM,IgA) in patients with Potentially Malignant Disorders (PMD) like Leukoplakia, Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) and Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) as tumour markers. Aims and objectives To estimate the serum immunoglobulins level (IgG, IgM, IgA) in leukoplakia, OSMF and oral lichen planus (OLP) patients and its comparison with levels among control groups and Weather these values can be used to predict severity of disease or not. Materials and methods 30 patients with different potentially malignant disorders like leukoplakia, OSMF and oral lichen planus and 30 healthy controls were selected at random and subjected for analysis of serum IgG, IgA, IgM. Statistical methods employed were mean, standard deviation and ANOVA test. Results We observed significant elevated levels of all the immunoglobulins in leukoplakia, OSMF and oral lichen planus when compared with the control group and levels were increasing with clinical stages of OSMF (p < 0.05). Conclusions All these immunoglobulins are indicative of tumour burden or transformation of malignancy in higher stage and might be employed as prognostic indicators in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek M Tarsariya
- Shantabaa Medical College & General Hospital, Amreli, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhaval N Mehta
- Dept. of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College & Hospital, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Nilesh Raval
- Dept. of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Uvarsad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Hiren H Patadiya
- Boston University, Henry M Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, USA
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10
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Kang JH, Kho HS. Blood contamination in salivary diagnostics: current methods and their limitations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 57:1115-1124. [PMID: 30511922 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of saliva samples in clinical studies has increased. However, the diagnostic value of whole saliva is compromised in the presence of blood contamination, owing to the higher levels of analytes in blood compared with those in saliva. The aim of this study was to review the existing methods and their limitations for measuring the levels of blood contamination in saliva. A literature search was performed using Web of Science, SCOPUS, and PubMed databases and 49 articles dealing with salivary diagnostics and measurements of blood contamination were included. Five methods for measuring the degree of blood components in saliva were discussed, including "visual inspection", use of "strip for urinalysis", and detection of plasma proteins such as "hemoglobin", "albumin", and "transferrin". Each method has its limitations, and transferrin has been regarded as the most reliable and valid marker for blood contamination in saliva. However, transferrin in whole saliva may not be solely a product of blood, and its level in whole saliva can be influenced by several factors such as age, gonadal hormones, salivary flow rate, chewing performance, and oral microorganisms. In conclusion, when quantitatively analyzing whole saliva samples, the influence of blood contamination should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Kang
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea (ROK).,Clinic of Oral Medicine and Orofacial Pain, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea (ROK)
| | - Hong-Seop Kho
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea (ROK).,Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (ROK), Phone: +82-2-2072-3989, Fax: +82-2-744-9135
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11
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Salivary total Immunoglobulin G as a surrogate marker of oral immune activity in salivary bioscience research. Brain Behav Immun Health 2019; 1. [PMID: 34056626 PMCID: PMC8164446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of salivary biomeasures in biobehavioral, psychophysiological, and clinical research has greatly expanded our ability to study the biopsychosocial processes underlying health. Much of this research, however, has failed to adequately assess and adjust for the impact of oral immune activity on salivary biomeasure concentrations and associations with serum levels. Aiming to improve the validity and reliability of salivary biomeasure data, we examine salivary total Immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a potential surrogate marker of oral inflammation and immune activity. During a single study visit in Baltimore, Maryland, healthy young adult participants provided matched blood and saliva samples (N=99; age 18-37 years, 42% female) and completed an oral health questionnaire. Biospecimens were assayed for total IgG and immune markers related to inflammation (cytokines), blood in saliva (transferrin), and tissue remodeling (matrix metalloproteinase-8). Total IgG (μg/mL) concentrations were higher in serum than saliva. Salivary total IgG was associated with some self-reported oral health measures, and strongly positively associated with all salivary immune markers. Controlling for salivary total IgG may be a feasible, affordable approach to adjusting salivary biomeasure findings for the influence of the oral immune environment when it is not possible or practical to obtain clinical oral health data.
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12
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Lin YH, Wu CC, Peng YS, Wu CW, Chang YT, Chang KP. Detection of anti-p53 autoantibodies in saliva using microfluidic chips for the rapid screening of oral cancer. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15513-15521. [PMID: 35539469 PMCID: PMC9080182 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13734f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies have high specificity and stability and are easy to detect. Anti-p53 autoantibodies can be used as biomarkers for the early detection of oral cancer. However, most studies detected anti-p53 in sera samples. In this study, a microfluidic chip combined with magnetic immunoassay, which can automatically detect the concentration of anti-p53 in saliva, was developed. The use of a micromixer can shorten the immunoassay time: the mixing time of the antigen and antibody can be reduced from the original 60 min off-chip to 20 min, making the total immunoassay time around 60 min. A method of moving magnetic beads and the antibody instead of manipulating fluid was utilized to simplify fluid control and decrease contamination caused by non-specific protein adsorption to the surface of reaction wells. The detection limit of anti-p53 was 4 ng mL−1. In addition, a relative concentration of anti-p53 in the saliva of patients was detected in the chip. A microfluidic chip with multiple reaction wells is capable of automatically detecting anti-p53 autoantibody in saliva for oral cancer screening.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Heng Lin
- Department of Electronic Engineering
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science
| | - Yong-Sheng Peng
- Department of Electronic Engineering
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center
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13
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Influence of bisphosphonates on the adherence and metabolism of epithelial cells and gingival fibroblasts to titanium surfaces. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:893-900. [PMID: 28688093 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of sodium alendronate (SA) and zoledronic acid (ZA), on the adhesion and metabolism of epithelial cells and gingival fibroblasts to titanium surfaces considering cell functions related to an effective mucosal barrier around the implant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells were seeded onto titanium discs and incubated for 24 h. Then, serum-free DMEM containing selected bisphosphonates (0, 0.5, 1, or 5 μM) was added for 24 and 48 h. Factors related to the achievement of an effective mechanical and immunological barrier-cell adhesion, viability, collagen epidermal growth factor, and immunoglobulin synthesis-were evaluated. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests as well as by ANOVA and Tukey's tests, (α = 0.05). RESULTS The presence of bisphosphonates culminated in lower cell adhesion to the titanium discs, particularly for SA at 5 μM (40%) and ZA at all concentrations (from 30 to 50%, according to increased concentrations). Reduced cell viability occurred after exposing these cells to ZA (40%); however, only 5 μM SA-treated cells had decreased viability (30%). Reduced synthesis of growth factors and collagen was observed when cells were reated with ZA (20 and 40%, respectively), while about 70% of IgG synthesis was enhanced. CONCLUSION Bisphosphonates negatively affected the adhesion and metabolism of oral mucosal cells, and this effect was related to the type of bisphosphonate as well as to concentration and period of treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The negative effects of bisphosphonates on oral mucosal cells can hamper the formation of an effective biological seal in osseointegrated implants.
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14
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Riedel T, Hageneder S, Surman F, Pop-Georgievski O, Noehammer C, Hofner M, Brynda E, Rodriguez-Emmenegger C, Dostálek J. Plasmonic Hepatitis B Biosensor for the Analysis of Clinical Saliva. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2972-2977. [PMID: 28192973 PMCID: PMC5343552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A biosensor
for the detection of hepatitis B antibodies in clinical
saliva was developed. Compared to conventional analysis of blood serum,
it offers the advantage of noninvasive collection of samples. Detection
of biomarkers in saliva imposes two major challenges associated with
the low analyte concentration and increased surface fouling. The detection
of minute amounts of hepatitis B antibodies was performed by plasmonically
amplified fluorescence sandwich immunoassay. To have access to specific
detection, we prevented the nonspecific adsorption of biomolecules
present in saliva by brushes of poly[(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)
methacrylamide)-co-(carboxybetaine methacrylamide)]
grafted from the gold sensor surface and post modified with hepatitis
B surface antigen. Obtained results were validated against the response
measured with ELISA at a certified laboratory using serum from the
same patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Riedel
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR v.v.i. , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Simone Hageneder
- Biosensor Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH , Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - František Surman
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR v.v.i. , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ognen Pop-Georgievski
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR v.v.i. , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Christa Noehammer
- Molecular Diagnostics, Health and Environment Department, AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH , Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuela Hofner
- Molecular Diagnostics, Health and Environment Department, AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH , Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eduard Brynda
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR v.v.i. , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Emmenegger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR v.v.i. , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.,DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University , Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jakub Dostálek
- Biosensor Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH , Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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15
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More CB, Shah PH, Venkatesh R. Estimation of Serum Protein in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Malignancy - A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC17-ZC19. [PMID: 28384973 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/20815.9254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In carcinogenesis, increased oxidative stress and weakened antioxidant defense produces damage to the macromolecules like proteins. Thus, protein can act as potential biomarker in oral premalignant and malignant lesions. AIM To determine and compare the levels of serum proteins in Oral Submucuous Fibrosis (OSMF), Oral Leukoplakia (OL), Nicotina Stomatitis (NS), Oral Malignancy (OM) and Healthy Controls (HC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 250 participants, were equally divided in five groups i.e., OSMF, OL, NS, OM and HC. Five ml of blood was collected from antecubital vein from each participant. The serum was analyzed for total protein, albumin and globulin levels using EBRA EM 200 semi-quantitive analyzer with the help of diagnostic kits. RESULTS There were total 193 males and 57 females, who were between 18 to 82 years of age, with a mean of 46.32±13.89 years. The serum protein and globulin levels were significantly decreased in OSMF, OL and NS and increased in OM as compared to HC (p<0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in serum albumin levels between the study groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Serum proteins can be used as diagnostic and prognostic marker for oral premalignant and malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandramani B More
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University , Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Palak H Shah
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University , Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Rashmi Venkatesh
- Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University , Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Sannad A, Tamgadge S, Tamgadge A, Yadav KS, Giri A, Wankhede M. Total Serum Protein Estimation and Its Correlation with Clinical and Histopathological Grading using Masson's Trichrome Stain in Patients of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Contemp Clin Dent 2017; 8:286-292. [PMID: 28839417 PMCID: PMC5551336 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_95_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) caused by dense deposition of collagen fibers which is a protein. There is a plethora of research to evaluate degree of collagen deposition using various simple histochemical techniques, but its correlation with total serum protein (TSP) level has not been explored so far. Materials and Methods: This case–control study comprised total forty samples with thirty cases of OSMF and ten cases were selected as control group, divided into four groups as per Lai et al. classification. Histological grading was also done according to the Rooban et al.'s classification. Blood sample was collected to evaluate TSP estimation. Findings were tabulated, and comparisons were made between clinical, histological, and TSP estimation. Discrete statistical data were analyzed by Chi-square test, ANOVA, and t-test with a statistical analysis package (SPSS version software 6.0). Results: No significant correlation was obtained between clinical staging and histopathological grading. Definite correlation was obtained in TSP and globulin levels of OSMF patients and their grades of fibrosis histopathologically. Conclusion: In the present study, it was observed that biochemical investigations involving assessment of TSP can be used as a diagnostic tool in OSMF, along with histopathological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sannad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y. Patil University, School of Dentistry, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandhya Tamgadge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y. Patil University, School of Dentistry, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Avinash Tamgadge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y. Patil University, School of Dentistry, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - K S Yadav
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y. Patil University, School of Dentistry, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajay Giri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y. Patil University, School of Dentistry, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mukesh Wankhede
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y. Patil University, School of Dentistry, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Kandasamy M, Jaisanghar N, Austin RD, Srivastava KC, Anusuya GS, Anisa N. Comparative evaluation of serum and salivary immunoglobulin G and A levels with total serum protein in oral submucous fibrosis patients: A case control study. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2016; 8:S126-S132. [PMID: 27829763 PMCID: PMC5074014 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.191941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to estimate and compare the serum and salivary immunoglobulin G and A (IgG, IgA) levels in various stages of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients and relate it to total serum protein (TSP) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample for the present study comprised a total of 20 healthy controls, 20 OSMF patients. About 5 ml of blood and 2 ml of saliva were collected. Quantitative analysis of serum and salivary IgG, IgA was done by turbidometric immunoassay. TSP and Hb were estimated by Biuret and cyanmethemoglobin methods, respectively. RESULTS Serum and salivary IgA and IgG levels were statistically significantly increased (P < 0.001) in OSMF patients when compared to controls. Also serum and salivary IgG and IgA levels showed significantly increased (P < 0.01) in all the three staging of OSMF when compared to control group. Hb levels and TSP levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) in OSMF patients when compared to controls. One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and unpaired t-test were used for statistical analysis. CONCLUSION The elevated levels of IgG and IgA are also in favor of polygammapathy, which are nonspecific and nondiagnostic objective reflections of an underlying disease. Decreased TSP is a result of host response and Hb, acts as an indicator of nutritional status plays an important role. It is also observed from the present study that the severity of OSMF was directly proportional to the estimated elevated levels of the major IgG and IgA. A need is also felt for the knowledge of immunoprofile estimation in etiology and pathogenesis that would prove a great asset in the proper assessment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kandasamy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Jaisanghar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Modakkallur, Kerala, India
| | - Ravi David Austin
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajah Muthiah Dental College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumar Chandan Srivastava
- Department of Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, Division of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Qassim Private Colleges, Buraydah, Qassim Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - G. Sai Anusuya
- Department of Periodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Anisa
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Prajapati KJ, Chawda JG. Estimation of major immunoglobulins in smokers and gutkha chewers. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016; 20:219-23. [PMID: 27601812 PMCID: PMC4989550 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.185919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To estimate the level of IgG and IgA major immunoglobulins in patients having the habit of smoking, gutkha chewing and in patients without any tobacco habit as control. Materials and Methods: Estimation of major immunoglobulins IgG and IgA was carried out by automated Nephelometry method in ten patients (control group), forty patients who had habit of smoking either bidi or cigarette and forty patients who had the habit of gutkha chewing. Among forty patients who smoked, twenty patients were without any lesion while twenty patients had homogenous leukoplakia. Among the forty patients who had habit of gutkha chewing, twenty patients were without any lesion while twenty patients had oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). The obtained data were analyzed using independent sample t-test. Results: IgG and IgA levels were higher in smokers and gutkha chewers as compared to control group and were higher in gutkha chewers as compared to smokers. IgG and IgA levels of non- lesional smokers and gutkha chewers showed no change as compared to the controls while it was increased in patients with homogenous leukoplakia and patients with OSMF as compared to control group. IgG and IgA levels were also significantly higher in patients with OSMF as compared to that of homogenous leukoplakia. IgG and IgA levels were higher in all the grades of OSMF as compared to the controls and both IgG and IgA levels were directly correlated with the grades of OSMF. Conclusion: Higher major immunoglobulins levels in present study among the study groups indicate the use of immunoprofile estimation in etiology and pathogenesis and would prove a great asset in the proper assessment of the lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jyoti G Chawda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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19
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Melnik E, Bruck R, Müellner P, Schlederer T, Hainberger R, Lämmerhofer M. Human IgG detection in serum on polymer based Mach-Zehnder interferometric biosensors. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:218-223. [PMID: 26663736 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a new method for detecting human IgG (hIgG) in serum on integrated-optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer biosensors realized in a high index contrast polymer material system. In the linear range of the sensor (5-200 nM) we observed excellent signal recoveries (95-110%) in buffer and serum samples, which indicate the absence of matrix effects. Signal enhancement was reached by using secondary anti-human IgG antibodies, which bind to immobilized target IgGs and allow detecting concentrations down to 100 pM. This polymer based optical sensor is fully compatible with cost-efficient mass production technologies, which makes it an attractive alternative to inorganic optical sensors. Graphical abstract of the hIgG measured on polymer based photonic sensors using a direct binding assay and a signal enhancement strategy with secondary antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Melnik
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Health & Environment Department, Molecular Diagnostics, 1220, Vienna, Austria, www.ait.ac.at.
| | - Roman Bruck
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Health & Environment Department, Molecular Diagnostics, 1220, Vienna, Austria, www.ait.ac.at
| | - Paul Müellner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Health & Environment Department, Molecular Diagnostics, 1220, Vienna, Austria, www.ait.ac.at
| | - Thomas Schlederer
- Phadia Austria GmbH, Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific Immuno Diagnostics, 1220, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Hainberger
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Health & Environment Department, Molecular Diagnostics, 1220, Vienna, Austria, www.ait.ac.at
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- University of Tübingen, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, Germany
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20
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Balakrishnan C, Aswath N. Estimation of serum, salivary immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A levels and total protein, hemoglobin in smokeless tobacco chewers and oral submucous fibrosis patients. Contemp Clin Dent 2015; 6:S157-62. [PMID: 26604567 PMCID: PMC4632216 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.166820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a debilitating, potentially cancerous oral condition. Although areca nut is the most important causative agent, it is also considered that the disease is immunologically mediated. AIM OF THE STUDY To establish that autoimmunity and nutritional deficiency play a role in the etiopathogenesis of OSMF. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY To show that serum immunoglobulin markers (immunoglobulin-G [IgG], immunoglobulin-A [IgA]) and nutritional parameters such as total serum protein (TSP), Hemoglobin (Hb) play a role in causing OSMF and also to correlate serum, salivary IgG, IgA levels in OSMF patients. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A case-control study was done with 50 patients (25 patients who were provisionally diagnosed as OSMF - Group I, and 25 patients who were chronic smokeless tobacco chewers and who did not have any intraoral lesion - Group II). MATERIALS AND METHODS Five milliliters of blood and saliva were collected from both the groups. Quantitative analysis of serum, and salivary IgG, IgA was done by turbidometric immunoassay. TSP and Hemoglobin (Hb) were estimated by spectrophotometry. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Results were analyzed by independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS All patients of OSMF showed significant (P < 0.01) increase in serum IgG, IgA, and salivary IgG levels as compared to smokeless tobacco chewers. The salivary IgA levels showed a significant decrease in OSMF patients (P < 0.05). TSP and Hb levels showed significant (P < 0.01) decrease in OSMF patients as compared to smokeless tobacco chewers. CONCLUSION The elevation of immunoglobulin levels supports the concept of autoimmunity. The decrease in TSP and Hb suggests that nutritional deficiency plays a defined role in the occurrence as well as a further progression of OSMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakanth Balakrishnan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nalini Aswath
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Andries AC, Duong V, Ly S, Cappelle J, Kim KS, Lorn Try P, Ros S, Ong S, Huy R, Horwood P, Flamand M, Sakuntabhai A, Tarantola A, Buchy P. Value of Routine Dengue Diagnostic Tests in Urine and Saliva Specimens. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004100. [PMID: 26406240 PMCID: PMC4583371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue laboratory diagnosis is essentially based on detection of the virus, its components or antibodies directed against the virus in blood samples. Blood, however, may be difficult to draw in some patients, especially in children, and sampling during outbreak investigations or epidemiological studies may face logistical challenges or limited compliance to invasive procedures from subjects. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using saliva and urine samples instead of blood for dengue diagnosis. Methodology/Principal Findings Serial plasma, urine and saliva samples were collected at several time-points between the day of admission to hospital until three months after the onset of fever in children with confirmed dengue disease. Quantitative RT-PCR, NS1 antigen capture and ELISA serology for anti-DENV antibody (IgG, IgM and IgA) detection were performed in parallel on the three body fluids. RT-PCR and NS1 tests demonstrated an overall sensitivity of 85.4%/63.4%, 41.6%/14.5% and 39%/28.3%, in plasma, urine and saliva specimens, respectively. When urine and saliva samples were collected at the same time-points and tested concurrently, the diagnostic sensitivity of RNA and NS1 detection assays was 69.1% and 34.4%, respectively. IgG/IgA detection assays had an overall sensitivity of 54.4%/37.4%, 38.5%/26.8% and 52.9%/28.6% in plasma, urine and saliva specimens, respectively. IgM were detected in 38.1% and 36% of the plasma and saliva samples but never in urine. Conclusions Although the performances of the different diagnostic methods were not as good in saliva and urine as in plasma specimens, the results obtained by qRT-PCR and by anti-DENV antibody ELISA could well justify the use of these two body fluids to detect dengue infection in situations when the collection of blood specimens is not possible. Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne disease affecting humans and represents a huge public health burden in affected countries. Symptoms are often non-specific hence the need for an early, sensitive and specific diagnosis of dengue for appropriate management as well as for early epidemic detection. Currently, almost all laboratory diagnostic methods require a blood specimen that may be sometimes be difficult or inconvenient to obtain. In this study, we assessed the possibility to use saliva and urine samples as alternatives to blood specimens in dengue diagnosis. We demonstrated that the performances of the different diagnostic methods (RT-PCR, NS1 antigen detection and anti-DENV IgM/IgG/IgA ELISAs) were in general not as good in saliva and urine as in plasma, but that the use of these body fluids obtained by non-invasive methods could be of value in certain circumstances such as outbreak investigations or in young children (once they are old enough to comply to instructions), in addition to the situations when blood cannot be easily collected (e.g., lack of phlebotomist, refusal of the procedure, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veasna Duong
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sowath Ly
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Julien Cappelle
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Unité AGIRs, Montpellier, France
| | - Kim Srorn Kim
- Kampong Cham Provincial Hospital, Pediatric Department, Kampong Cham, Cambodia
| | - Patrich Lorn Try
- Kampong Cham Provincial Hospital, Pediatric Department, Kampong Cham, Cambodia
| | - Sopheaktra Ros
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sivuth Ong
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Rekol Huy
- Ministry of Health, Centre National de Malariologie, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Paul Horwood
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Marie Flamand
- Institut Pasteur, Structural Virology Unit & CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Institut Pasteur, Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 3012, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Tarantola
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Philippe Buchy
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Vaccine Value and Health Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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22
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Zhang Y, Bai J, Ying JY. A stacking flow immunoassay for the detection of dengue-specific immunoglobulins in salivary fluid. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:1465-71. [PMID: 25608951 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01127a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based immunoassays, usually in the form of lateral flow tests, are currently the standard platform for home diagnostics. However, conventional lateral tests are often complicated by severe non-specific adsorption of detector particles when applied to test samples containing salivary fluid. It is believed that a high concentration of proteinaceous substances in salivary fluid causes particle aggregation and adhesion. In this study, we developed a stacking flow platform for single-step detection of a target antibody in salivary fluid. Stacking flow circumvents the need for separate sample pre-treatments, such as filtration or centrifugation, which are often required prior to testing saliva samples using paper-based immunoassays. This is achieved by guiding the samples and reagents to the test strip through different paths. By doing so, salivary substances that interfere with the particle-based sensing system are removed before they come into contact with the detection reagents, which greatly reduces the background. In addition, the stacking flow configuration enables uniform flow with a unique flow regulator, which leads to even test lines with good quantification capability, enabling the detection of ~20 ng mL(-1) α-fetoprotein in the serum. We have successfully applied the stacking flow device to detect dengue-specific immunoglobulins that are present in salivary fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669.
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23
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Chakarvarty A, Panat SR, Sangamesh NC, Aggarwal A, Jha PC. Evaluation of masseter muscle hypertrophy in oral submucous fibrosis patients -an ultrasonographic study. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:ZC45-7. [PMID: 25386521 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/8892.4857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic insidious disease of the oral mucosa, commonly seen in South East Asia. It occurs mainly due to the habit of quid or gutkha chewing. There is a clear dose dependent relationship between gutkha chewing and development of OSMF, also due to continuous chewing for larger intervals of time unnecessary forces are exerted on the muscles mainly the masseter muscle. So, the present study was done to evaluate the thickness of masseter muscle in OSMF patients and to compare it with normal patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study involved 50 subjects, 25 OSMF patients and 25 normal individuals. The thickness of masseter muscle was evaluated by ultrasonography (5-11mHz). RESULTS There is a positive association between masseter muscle hypertrophy and OSMF (p-value 0.001). Thickness of masseter muscle was found to be more in OSMF patients as compared to control group and also thickness is more during contraction as compared to relaxation in both OSMF patients and normal individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankkita Chakarvarty
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, D.J Dental College and Research , Modi Nagar (UP), India
| | - Sunil R Panat
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences , Bareilly (UP), India
| | - N C Sangamesh
- Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences , Bareilly (UP), India
| | - Ashish Aggarwal
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences , Bareilly (UP), India
| | - Prakash Chandra Jha
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rama Dental College and Hospital Kanpur, (UP), India
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Kadani M, B N V S S, B M, K M P, Hugar D, Allad U, Prabhu PS. Evaluation of plasma fibrinogen degradation products and total serum protein concentration in oral submucous fibrosis. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:ZC54-7. [PMID: 24995245 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/9061.4385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Malnutrition is a major problem for the inhabitants of most countries where OSMF is prevalent. Recently, a new direction in the etiopathogenesis was provided by the identification of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in the plasma of OSMF patients. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To assess the role of FDP in the etiology of OSMF and to correlate with the nutritional status by evaluating the total serum protein level. The study also determines to evaluate the correlation between the levels of plasma FDP with respect to the staging and grading of OSMF. Correlation between the levels of Total Serum Protein (TSP) with respect to the staging and grading of OSMF was also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 30 cases clinically and histopathologically diagnosed as oral submucous fibrosis. The FDP levels were assessed using both qualitative and semi quantitative method as supplied by 'Tulip Diagnostics (P) Ltd. Total Serum Protein (TSP) estimation was done by Biuret method using Liquixx Protein kit by Erba, Manheim. RESULTS The study indicates that in qualitative assessment of FDP only 14 subjects showed the presence of FDP levels>200ng/ml. In semiquantitative assessment there is no significant association between varying clinical stages and histopathological grades and FDP levels. Total serum Protein level showed a marginal increase in all subjects. The study revealed a positive correlation between FDP and TSP in all OSMF subjects. CONCLUSION A larger sample size which would be a better representation of the population and the use of different methods which have higher sensitivities and specificities to evaluate FDP level and detailed fractional analysis of protein along with immunoglobulin profiling would facilitate in attaining more conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Kadani
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, H.K.E.S's S.N.D.C , Gulbarga, India
| | - Satish B N V S
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, H.K.E.S's S.N.D.C , Gulbarga, India
| | - Maharudrappa B
- Professor & Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, H.K.E.S's S.N.D.C , Gulbarga, India
| | - Prashant K M
- Reader, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, H.K.E.S's S.N.D.C , Gulbarga, India
| | - Deepa Hugar
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, H.K.E.S's S.N.D.C , Gulbarga, India
| | - Umesh Allad
- Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, H.K.E.S's S.N.D.C , Gulbarga, India
| | - Prasanth S Prabhu
- General Dental Practitioner, Prasanth's Dental Clinic , Trivandrum, India
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Divya VC, Sathasivasubramanian S. Estimation of serum and salivary immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A in oral pre-cancer: A study in oral submucous fibrosis and oral lichen planus. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2014; 5:90-4. [PMID: 24678204 PMCID: PMC3961960 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.127294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral lichen planus (OLP) are two frequently reported, potentially malignant disorders with multifactorial etiologies and ambiguous pathogenesis. An immunological pathogenesis has been hypothesized as a causative factor for both. The present study aims to evaluate the role of serum and salivary immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in both these conditions, by their quantitative estimation. Materials and Methods: Saliva and serum samples were collected from 30 patients, clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed with OSMF, 30 with OLP and 30 age and sex matched controls. The levels of IgG and IgA were estimated by nephelometry. Results: The mean values of serum IgG were marginally higher in both OSMF and OLP groups compared to the controls but this difference was not significant and the mean values of serum immunoglobulin A were marginally decreased in both the study groups compared to the controls but this difference was also not significant. Inconclusively low levels of salivary IgG and IgA were obtained in the three groups. Conclusion: The present study suggests an insignificant association of these immunoglobulins in the pathogenesis of both these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Divya
- Departments of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospitals, Potheri, Kanchipuram, India
| | - S Sathasivasubramanian
- Departments of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Liao PH, Yang HW, Huang YF. Genetic expression signatures of oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer-A preliminary microarray report. J Dent Sci 2013; 11:457-462. [PMID: 30895012 PMCID: PMC6395281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2013.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a potentially malignant disorder of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In this study, we obtained the genetic expression signatures of OSF and SCC by microarray analysis. Materials and methods Five patients with clinically evident OSF, five patients with SCC who also had existing OSF, and four normal volunteers who did not have a history of chewing betel quids were recruited. Biopsy specimens were obtained with an approved Institutional Review Board protocol. Total RNA from OSF or SCC was isolated and hybridized to a Human Oligo 1A (V2) Microarray (G4110B) chip against normal control RNA that was pooled from the four healthy volunteers. Results We found similar, but distinct genetic expression signatures for OSF and SCC. At the hierarchical clustering analysis, 24 known genes (23 upregulated and 1 downregulated) in OSF were differentially expressed consistently in all participants. Among the genes, XRCC5 was cloned and transfected into oral cancer GNM cells. The results demonstrated that the overexpression of XRCC5 increased the resistance of GNM cells to low-density X-ray irradiation and promoted the cell growth rate. Conclusion The distinct but similar genetic expression signatures seen in OSF and SCC suggested that this expression may be used as a supplemental diagnostic tool in pathology practice. This preliminary study showed that the XRCC5 gene promoted GNM cell growth and conferred resistance to low-density X-ray irradiation. Further studies on the effect of XRCC5 in oral cancer cells are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Hsin Liao
- Oral Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Yang
- Oral Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Huang
- Oral Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Olayanju AO, Rahamon SK, Arinola OG. Salivary immunoglobulin classes in Nigerian cigarette smokers: Indication for increased risk of oral diseases. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013; 9:531-4. [PMID: 23559915 PMCID: PMC3612187 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.104869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is a worldwide social epidemic and it is one of the main causes of preventable death and disability. Gingivitis, periodontitis, pocket depth, attachment loss, alveolar bone loss, and tooth loss are some of oral pathologies commonly found in cigarette smokers. The aim of this study was to explore, for the first time among Nigerians, the interplay between components of cigarette smoke and salivary levels of immunoglobulin classes so as to provide oral immunological based reasons for oral diseases in cigarette smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, 5 mL of unstimulated saliva was collected in plain sample bottles from 24 active smokers who smoke at least 6 sticks of cigarette per day and 21 sex and age-matched non-smokers who were apparently healthy. The samples were spun and supernatant stored at -20°C until assayed. The immunoglobulin levels of the samples were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Student's t-test (unpaired) was used to determine significant differences between the two groups. P values less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in the mean salivary levels of IgG, IgA, and IgE. Only IgM was significantly lower in smokers compared with non-smokers (P = 0.038). The proportion of smokers with detectable level of salivary IgE was lower compared with controls. CONCLUSION Our study showed that there is decreased salivary IgM in smokers. This observation suggests that reduced salivary immunoglobulin level of IgM might be involved in the pathogenesis of oral diseases in cigarette smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Olatunde Olayanju
- Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, Immunology Unit, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Olayanju OA, Rahamon SK, Joseph IO, Arinola OG. Salivary immunoglobulin classes in Nigerians with periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012; 13:163-6. [PMID: 22665741 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To provide information on the usefulness of salivary immunoglobulin classes in the diagnosis of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS About 5 ml of unstimulated saliva was collected from 25 newly diagnosed subjects with periodontitis and 21 sex/age-matched apparently healthy individuals into plain sample bottles. The samples were collected between 9 am and 11 am at least, 1 hour after eating or washing of mouth and levels of salivary immunoglobulin classes (IgA, IgG, IgE and IgM) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Only the mean level of IgA was significantly raised (p = 0.05) in the saliva of periodontitis patients compared with controls. The mean levels of IgG, IgM and IgE were not significantly elevated in patients with periodontitis, when compared with controls (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study showed that elevated salivary levels of IgA could be used as a screening tool for periodontitis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Identification of patients at risk and the diagnosis of active phases of periodontal disease remains a challenge due to lack of laboratory test routinely employed in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with periodontal disease. This study showed that elevated salivary levels of immunoglobulin classes especially, IgA could be used as a screening tool for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Olayanju
- Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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More CB, Das S, Patel H, Adalja C, Kamatchi V, Venkatesh R. Proposed clinical classification for oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Oncol 2011; 48:200-2. [PMID: 22070918 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, progressive, scarring disease, that predominantly affects people of South Asia and South-East Asia, where chewing of arecanut and its commercial preparation is high. Presence of fibrous bands is the main characteristic feature of OSMF. Based on clinical and/or histopathological features of OSMF, various classifications have been put forth till date. But the advantages and drawbacks of these classification supersedes each other, leading to perplexity. Our various studies and clinical experience in the field of OSMF have initiated us to propose/introduce the new clinical classification which could assist the clinician in the categorization of this potentially malignant disorder according to its biological behaviour and hence its subsequent medical and surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandramani B More
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, K.M. Shah Dental College & Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Piparia, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, India.
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