1
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Klingelhuber F, Frendo-Cumbo S, Omar-Hmeadi M, Massier L, Kakimoto P, Taylor AJ, Couchet M, Ribicic S, Wabitsch M, Messias AC, Iuso A, Müller TD, Rydén M, Mejhert N, Krahmer N. A spatiotemporal proteomic map of human adipogenesis. Nat Metab 2024; 6:861-879. [PMID: 38565923 PMCID: PMC11132986 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
White adipocytes function as major energy reservoirs in humans by storing substantial amounts of triglycerides, and their dysfunction is associated with metabolic disorders; however, the mechanisms underlying cellular specialization during adipogenesis remain unknown. Here, we generate a spatiotemporal proteomic atlas of human adipogenesis, which elucidates cellular remodelling as well as the spatial reorganization of metabolic pathways to optimize cells for lipid accumulation and highlights the coordinated regulation of protein localization and abundance during adipocyte formation. We identify compartment-specific regulation of protein levels and localization changes of metabolic enzymes to reprogramme branched-chain amino acids and one-carbon metabolism to provide building blocks and reduction equivalents. Additionally, we identify C19orf12 as a differentiation-induced adipocyte lipid droplet protein that interacts with the translocase of the outer membrane complex of lipid droplet-associated mitochondria and regulates adipocyte lipid storage by determining the capacity of mitochondria to metabolize fatty acids. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive resource for understanding human adipogenesis and for future discoveries in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Klingelhuber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Scott Frendo-Cumbo
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhmmad Omar-Hmeadi
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucas Massier
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pamela Kakimoto
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Austin J Taylor
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Morgane Couchet
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Ribicic
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ana C Messias
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Arcangela Iuso
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Walther-Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Endocrinology unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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2
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Feng P, Pang P, Sun Z, Xie Z, Chen T, Wang S, Cao Q, Mi R, Zeng C, Lu Y, Yu W, Shen H, Wu Y. Enhancer-mediated FOXO3 expression promotes MSC adipogenic differentiation by activating autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166975. [PMID: 38043828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells capable of differentiating into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. However, in osteoporosis, the balance of differentiation is tipped toward adipogenesis and the key mechanism is controversial. Researches have shown that, as upstream regulatory elements of gene expression, enhancers ar involved in the expression of identity genes. In this study, we identified enhancers-mediated gene FOXO3 promoting MSC adipogenic differentiation by activating autophagy. METHODS We integrated data of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and ATAC-sequencing (ATAC-seq) to find the identity gene FOXO3. The expression of FOXO3 protein, adipogenic transcription factors and the substrate of autophagy were measured by western blotting. The Oil Red O (ORO) staining was used to visualize the adipogenesis of MSCs. Immunohistochemistry was used to visualize the FOXO3 expression in adipocytes in bone marrow. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of PPARγ and LC3B. RESULTS During adipogenesis, enhancers redistribute to genes associated with adipogenic differentiation, among which we identified the pivotal identity gene FOXO3. FOXO3 could promote the expression of the adipogenic transcription factors PPARγ, CEBPα, and CEBPβ during adipogenic differentiation, while PPARγ, CEBPα, and CEBPβ could in turn bind to FOXO3 and continue to promote FOXO3 expression to form a positive feedback loop. Consistently elevated FOXO3 expression promotes autophagy by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway which mediates adipogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Pivotal identity gene FOXO3 promotes autophagy by activating PI3K-AKT pathway, which provokes adipogenic differentiation of MSCs. Enhancer-regulated adipogenic identity gene FOXO3 could be an attractive treatment for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Feng
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Peizhuo Pang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Zehang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Zhongyu Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Shan Wang
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Qian Cao
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Rujia Mi
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Chenying Zeng
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Yixuan Lu
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China.
| | - Huiyong Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China.
| | - Yanfeng Wu
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518003, PR China.
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3
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Ludzki AC, Hansen M, Zareifi D, Jalkanen J, Huang Z, Omar-Hmeadi M, Renzi G, Klingelhuber F, Boland S, Ambaw YA, Wang N, Damdimopoulos A, Liu J, Jernberg T, Petrus P, Arner P, Krahmer N, Fan R, Treuter E, Gao H, Rydén M, Mejhert N. Transcriptional determinants of lipid mobilization in human adipocytes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi2689. [PMID: 38170777 PMCID: PMC10776019 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Defects in adipocyte lipolysis drive multiple aspects of cardiometabolic disease, but the transcriptional framework controlling this process has not been established. To address this, we performed a targeted perturbation screen in primary human adipocytes. Our analyses identified 37 transcriptional regulators of lipid mobilization, which we classified as (i) transcription factors, (ii) histone chaperones, and (iii) mRNA processing proteins. On the basis of its strong relationship with multiple readouts of lipolysis in patient samples, we performed mechanistic studies on one hit, ZNF189, which encodes the zinc finger protein 189. Using mass spectrometry and chromatin profiling techniques, we show that ZNF189 interacts with the tripartite motif family member TRIM28 and represses the transcription of an adipocyte-specific isoform of phosphodiesterase 1B (PDE1B2). The regulation of lipid mobilization by ZNF189 requires PDE1B2, and the overexpression of PDE1B2 is sufficient to attenuate hormone-stimulated lipolysis. Thus, our work identifies the ZNF189-PDE1B2 axis as a determinant of human adipocyte lipolysis and highlights a link between chromatin architecture and lipid mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C. Ludzki
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Hansen
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danae Zareifi
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jutta Jalkanen
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhmmad Omar-Hmeadi
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gianluca Renzi
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Klingelhuber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Boland
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yohannes A. Ambaw
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasios Damdimopoulos
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jernberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, SE-182 88 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Petrus
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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An integrated single cell and spatial transcriptomic map of human white adipose tissue. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1438. [PMID: 36922516 PMCID: PMC10017705 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36983-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, single-cell studies of human white adipose tissue (WAT) have been based on small cohort sizes and no cellular consensus nomenclature exists. Herein, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of publicly available and newly generated single-cell, single-nucleus, and spatial transcriptomic results from human subcutaneous, omental, and perivascular WAT. Our high-resolution map is built on data from ten studies and allowed us to robustly identify >60 subpopulations of adipocytes, fibroblast and adipogenic progenitors, vascular, and immune cells. Using these results, we deconvolved spatial and bulk transcriptomic data from nine additional cohorts to provide spatial and clinical dimensions to the map. This identified cell-cell interactions as well as relationships between specific cell subtypes and insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, adipocyte volume, and lipolysis upon long-term weight changes. Altogether, our meta-map provides a rich resource defining the cellular and microarchitectural landscape of human WAT and describes the associations between specific cell types and metabolic states.
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5
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Chao Y, Gao L, Wang X, Cai Y, Shu Y, Zou X, Qin Y, Hu C, Dai Y, Zhu M, Shen Z, Zou C. Dysregulated adipose tissue expansion and impaired adipogenesis in Prader-Willi syndrome children before obesity-onset. Metabolism 2022; 136:155295. [PMID: 36007622 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic imprinting disorder resulting from the expression loss of genes on the paternally inherited chromosome 15q11-13. Early-onset life-thriving obesity and hyperphagia represent the clinical hallmarks of PWS. The noncoding RNA gene SNORD116 within the minimal PWS genetic lesion plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. Despite advancements in understanding the genetic basis for PWS, the pathophysiology of obesity development in PWS remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we aimed to investigate the signatures of adipose tissue development and expansion pathways and associated adipose biology in PWS children without obesity-onset at an early stage, mainly from the perspective of the adipogenesis process, and further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS We collected inguinal (subcutaneous) white adipose tissues (ingWATs) from phase 1 PWS and healthy children with normal weight aged from 6 M to 2 Y. Adipose morphology and histological characteristics were assessed. Primary adipose stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) were isolated, cultured in vitro, and used to determine the capacity and function of white and beige adipogenic differentiation. High-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) to analyze transcriptome signatures in PWS subjects. Transient repression of SNORD116 was conducted to evaluate its functional relevance in adipogenesis. The changes in alternative pre-mRNA splicing were investigated in PWS and SNORD116 deficient cells. RESULTS In phase 1 PWS children, impaired white adipose tissue (WAT) development and unusual fat expansion occurred long before obesity onset, which was characterized by the massive enlargement of adipocytes accompanied by increased apoptosis. White and beige adipogenesis programs were impaired and differentiated adipocyte functions were disturbed in PWS-derived SVFs, despite increased proliferation capacity, which were consistent with the results of RNA-seq analysis of PWS AdMSCs. We also experimentally validated disrupted beige adipogenesis in adipocytes with transient SNORD116 downregulation. The transcript and protein levels of PPARγ, the adipogenesis master regulator, were significantly lower in PWS than in control AdMSCs as well as in SNORD116 deficient AdMSCs/adipocytes than in scramble (Scr) cells, resulting in the inhibited adipogenic program. Additionally, through RNA-seq, we observed aberrant transcriptome-wide alterations in alternative RNA splicing patterns in PWS cells mediated by SNORD116 loss and specifically identified a changed PRDM16 gene splicing profile in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Imbalance in the WAT expansion pathway and developmental disruption are primary defects in PWS displaying aberrant adipocyte hypertrophy and impaired adipogenesis process, in which SNORD116 deficiency plays a part. Our findings suggest that dysregulated adiposity specificity existing at an early phase is a potential pathological mechanism exacerbating hyperphagic obesity onset in PWS. This mechanistic evidence on adipose biology in young PWS patients expands knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of PWS obesity and may aid in developing a new therapeutic strategy targeting disturbed adipogenesis and driving AT plasticity to combat abnormal adiposity and associated metabolic disorders for PWS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Chao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Urology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangzhi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqing Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Shu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Zou
- Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifang Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangli Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingqiang Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng Shen
- Lab Center, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaochun Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China.
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6
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Kerr AG, Wang Z, Wang N, Kwok KHM, Jalkanen J, Ludzki A, Lecoutre S, Langin D, Bergo MO, Dahlman I, Mim C, Arner P, Gao H. The long noncoding RNA ADIPINT regulates human adipocyte metabolism via pyruvate carboxylase. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2958. [PMID: 35618718 PMCID: PMC9135762 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30620-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic function of long noncoding RNAs is well recognized, but their direct role in governing metabolic homeostasis is less understood. Here, we describe a human adipocyte-specific lncRNA, ADIPINT, that regulates pyruvate carboxylase, a pivotal enzyme in energy metabolism. We developed an approach, Targeted RNA-protein identification using Orthogonal Organic Phase Separation, which identifies that ADIPINT binds to pyruvate carboxylase and validated the interaction with electron microscopy. ADIPINT knockdown alters the interactome and decreases the abundance and enzymatic activity of pyruvate carboxylase in the mitochondria. Reduced ADIPINT or pyruvate carboxylase expression lowers adipocyte lipid synthesis, breakdown, and lipid content. In human white adipose tissue, ADIPINT expression is increased in obesity and linked to fat cell size, adipose insulin resistance, and pyruvate carboxylase activity. Thus, we identify ADIPINT as a regulator of lipid metabolism in human white adipocytes, which at least in part is mediated through its interaction with pyruvate carboxylase. Adipocyte-expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to regulate the transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Here the authors describe a human adipocyte-specific lncRNA, ADIPINT, which regulates lipid metabolism in white adipocytes in part through its interaction with the metabolic enzyme pyruvate carboxylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair G Kerr
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden
| | - Zuoneng Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Royal Technical Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden
| | - Kelvin H M Kwok
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 83, Sweden
| | - Jutta Jalkanen
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden
| | - Alison Ludzki
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden
| | - Simon Lecoutre
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden
| | - Dominique Langin
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR1297, Toulouse, France.,Department of Biochemistry, Toulouse University Hospitals, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Martin O Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 83, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Dahlman
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden
| | - Carsten Mim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Royal Technical Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden.
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 83, Sweden.
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7
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Maqdasy S, Lecoutre S, Renzi G, Frendo-Cumbo S, Rizo-Roca D, Moritz T, Juvany M, Hodek O, Gao H, Couchet M, Witting M, Kerr A, Bergo MO, Choudhury RP, Aouadi M, Zierath JR, Krook A, Mejhert N, Rydén M. Impaired phosphocreatine metabolism in white adipocytes promotes inflammation. Nat Metab 2022; 4:190-202. [PMID: 35165448 PMCID: PMC8885409 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms promoting disturbed white adipocyte function in obesity remain largely unclear. Herein, we integrate white adipose tissue (WAT) metabolomic and transcriptomic data from clinical cohorts and find that the WAT phosphocreatine/creatine ratio is increased and creatine kinase-B expression and activity is decreased in the obese state. In human in vitro and murine in vivo models, we demonstrate that decreased phosphocreatine metabolism in white adipocytes alters adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activity via effects on adenosine triphosphate/adenosine diphosphate levels, independently of WAT beigeing. This disturbance promotes a pro-inflammatory profile characterized, in part, by increased chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) production. These data suggest that the phosphocreatine/creatine system links cellular energy shuttling with pro-inflammatory responses in human and murine white adipocytes. Our findings provide unexpected perspectives on the mechanisms driving WAT inflammation in obesity and may present avenues to target adipocyte dysfunction.
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Grants
- SM was supported by the Université Clermont Auvergne, Société Francophone du Diabète and Fondation Bettencourt Schueller.
- S.F.C. is supported by a Novo Nordisk postdoctoral fellowship run in partnership with Karolinska Institutet.
- the NovoNordisk Foundation (NNF20OC0061149), CIMED, Swedish Research Council.
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse (Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation)
- Margareta af Uggla’s foundation, the Swedish Research Council, ERC-SyG SPHERES (856404 to M.R.), the NovoNordisk Foundation (including the Tripartite Immuno-metabolism Consortium Grant Number NNF15CC0018486, the MSAM consortium NNF15SA0018346 and the MeRIAD consortium Grant number 0064142), Knut and Alice Wallenbergs Foundation, CIMED, the Swedish Diabetes Foundation, the Stockholm County Council and the Strategic Research Program in Diabetes at Karolinska Institutet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwan Maqdasy
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire GReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Simon Lecoutre
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Gianluca Renzi
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Scott Frendo-Cumbo
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - David Rizo-Roca
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Swedish Metabolomics Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
- The NovoNordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta Juvany
- Swedish Metabolomics Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ondrej Hodek
- Swedish Metabolomics Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Morgane Couchet
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael Witting
- Metabolomics and proteomics core (MPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Freising, Germany
| | - Alastair Kerr
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Martin O Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Myriam Aouadi
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Krook
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden.
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8
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Fang JY, Huang TH, Chen WJ, Aljuffali IA, Hsu CY. Rhubarb hydroxyanthraquinones act as antiobesity agents to inhibit adipogenesis and enhance lipolysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112497. [PMID: 34891117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhubarb as an herbal medicine has been shown to exhibit antiadipogenic activity. This study evaluated and compared the lipid-lowering activity of five rhubarb hydroxyanthraquinones (HAQs), including chrysophanol, aloe emodin, emodin, physcion, and rhein, aiming to identify candidate compounds for obesity treatment. Examination of the antiobesity effects of HAQs in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats showed that these anthraquinone compounds inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells before and after differentiation. Emodin and rhein showed greater inhibition than the other compounds; dosage at 50 μM reduced intracellular triglyceride (TG) by about 30% in the differentiated adipocytes. Both compounds also revealed lipolytic effects to increase glycerol release from adipocytes. Adipokine overexpression induced by differentiation was downregulated by emodin and rhein through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Despite their structural similarity, emodin and rhein exhibited different mechanisms on adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. Rhein restrained lipid deposition by controlling adipogenic transcriptional factors and lipolytic lipases during differentiation. The lipid-lowering effects of emodin did not use these pathways but reduced levels of lipogenic enzymes. HFD consumption in rats significantly increased body weight, visceral fat mass and adipocyte size, which were attenuated by intraperitoneal delivery of emodin or rhein. Rhein showed greater amelioration of obesity than emodin, decreasing plasma cholesterol by 29% and 14%, respectively. HAQs also suppressed cytokine upregulation in the liver and adipose tissues of obese rats. Rhein is a potential antiobesity agent through its ability to regulate obesity-associated adipogenesis, lipolysis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jhang Chen
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ibrahim A Aljuffali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, SaudiArabia
| | - Ching-Yun Hsu
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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9
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Sánchez-Ceinos J, Guzmán-Ruiz R, Rangel-Zúñiga OA, López-Alcalá J, Moreno-Caño E, Del Río-Moreno M, Romero-Cabrera JL, Pérez-Martínez P, Maymo-Masip E, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S, Fernández-Real JM, Laurencikiene J, Rydén M, Membrives A, Luque RM, López-Miranda J, Malagón MM. Impaired mRNA splicing and proteostasis in preadipocytes in obesity-related metabolic disease. eLife 2021; 10:65996. [PMID: 34545810 PMCID: PMC8545398 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preadipocytes are crucial for healthy adipose tissue expansion. Preadipocyte differentiation is altered in obese individuals, which has been proposed to contribute to obesity-associated metabolic disturbances. Here, we aimed at identifying the pathogenic processes underlying impaired adipocyte differentiation in obese individuals with insulin resistance (IR)/type 2 diabetes (T2D). We report that down-regulation of a key member of the major spliceosome, PRFP8/PRP8, as observed in IR/T2D preadipocytes from subcutaneous (SC) fat, prevented adipogenesis by altering both the expression and splicing patterns of adipogenic transcription factors and lipid droplet-related proteins, while adipocyte differentiation was restored upon recovery of PRFP8/PRP8 normal levels. Adipocyte differentiation was also compromised under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation (ERAD) hyperactivation, as occurs in SC and omental (OM) preadipocytes in IR/T2D obesity. Thus, targeting mRNA splicing and ER proteostasis in preadipocytes could improve adipose tissue function and thus contribute to metabolic health in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sánchez-Ceinos
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Guzmán-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zúñiga
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jaime López-Alcalá
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Moreno-Caño
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Mercedes Del Río-Moreno
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,OncObesity and Metabolism Group. Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, IMIBIC/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Romero-Cabrera
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Elsa Maymo-Masip
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgil, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgil, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgil, Tarragona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, and Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain
| | - Jurga Laurencikiene
- Lipid Laboratory. Department of Medicine Huddinge/Karolinska Institute (KI)/Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Lipid Laboratory. Department of Medicine Huddinge/Karolinska Institute (KI)/Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Membrives
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y Digestivo, Sección de Obesidad, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Raul M Luque
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,OncObesity and Metabolism Group. Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, IMIBIC/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - María M Malagón
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Bäckdahl J, Franzén L, Massier L, Li Q, Jalkanen J, Gao H, Andersson A, Bhalla N, Thorell A, Rydén M, Ståhl PL, Mejhert N. Spatial mapping reveals human adipocyte subpopulations with distinct sensitivities to insulin. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1869-1882.e6. [PMID: 34380013 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of cellular heterogeneity and architecture to white adipose tissue (WAT) function is poorly understood. Herein, we combined spatially resolved transcriptional profiling with single-cell RNA sequencing and image analyses to map human WAT composition and structure. This identified 18 cell classes with unique propensities to form spatially organized homo- and heterotypic clusters. Of these, three constituted mature adipocytes that were similar in size, but distinct in their spatial arrangements and transcriptional profiles. Based on marker genes, we termed these AdipoLEP, AdipoPLIN, and AdipoSAA. We confirmed, in independent datasets, that their respective gene profiles associated differently with both adipocyte and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Corroborating our observations, insulin stimulation in vivo by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp showed that only AdipoPLIN displayed a transcriptional response to insulin. Altogether, by mining this multimodal resource we identify that human WAT is composed of three classes of mature adipocytes, only one of which is insulin responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Bäckdahl
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Franzén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Lucas Massier
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jutta Jalkanen
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H2), Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alma Andersson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Nayanika Bhalla
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Anders Thorell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital and Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 116 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Patrik L Ståhl
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17165 Solna, Sweden.
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
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11
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Kaewkittikhun M, Boonmuen N, Kheolamai P, Manochantr S, Tantrawatpan C, Sutjarit N, Tantikanlayaporn D. Andrographolide Reduces Lipid Droplet Accumulation in Adipocytes Derived from Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Suppressing Regulators of Adipogenesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9259-9269. [PMID: 34357771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a major public health concern; so, a strategy to prevent or reduce obesity is a priority. The inhibition of lipid droplet accumulation and adipogenesis process provides a target for the treatment of obesity. Herein, the effect of andrographolide (AP) on lipid accumulation in adipocytes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) was examined. AP at concentrations of 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM reduced lipid droplet accumulation in the adipocytes by suppressing the adipogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs. Concurrently, the expressions of adipogenic marker genes and the level of adipokines secreted by adipocytes were suppressed. Gene screening analysis showed a negative regulation of genes involved in the adipogenesis process. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time an antilipid accumulation in adipocytes from hBM-MSCs by AP. The compound may potentially be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of obesity as well as obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mintra Kaewkittikhun
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Nittaya Boonmuen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pakpoom Kheolamai
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sirikul Manochantr
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chairat Tantrawatpan
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Nareerat Sutjarit
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Ramathibodi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangrat Tantikanlayaporn
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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12
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Wagner G, Fenzl A, Lindroos-Christensen J, Einwallner E, Husa J, Witzeneder N, Rauscher S, Gröger M, Derdak S, Mohr T, Sutterlüty H, Klinglmüller F, Wolkerstorfer S, Fondi M, Hoermann G, Cao L, Wagner O, Kiefer FW, Esterbauer H, Bilban M. LMO3 reprograms visceral adipocyte metabolism during obesity. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1151-1171. [PMID: 34018016 PMCID: PMC8313462 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Obesity and body fat distribution are important risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Evidence has accumulated that this risk is related to intrinsic differences in behavior of adipocytes in different fat depots. We recently identified LIM domain only 3 (LMO3) in human mature visceral adipocytes; however, its function in these cells is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the potential involvement of LMO3-dependent pathways in the modulation of key functions of mature adipocytes during obesity. Based on a recently engineered hybrid rAAV serotype Rec2 shown to efficiently transduce both brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT), we delivered YFP or Lmo3 to epididymal WAT (eWAT) of C57Bl6/J mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). The effects of eWAT transduction on metabolic parameters were evaluated 10 weeks later. To further define the role of LMO3 in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, insulin signaling, adipocyte bioenergetics, as well as endocrine function, experiments were conducted in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and newly differentiated human primary mature adipocytes, engineered for transient gain or loss of LMO3 expression, respectively. AAV transduction of eWAT results in strong and stable Lmo3 expression specifically in the adipocyte fraction over a course of 10 weeks with HFD feeding. LMO3 expression in eWAT significantly improved insulin sensitivity and healthy visceral adipose tissue expansion in diet-induced obesity, paralleled by increased serum adiponectin. In vitro, LMO3 expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes increased PPARγ transcriptional activity, insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake, as well as mitochondrial oxidative capacity in addition to fatty acid oxidation. Mechanistically, LMO3 induced the PPARγ coregulator Ncoa1, which was required for LMO3 to enhance glucose uptake and mitochondrial oxidative gene expression. In human mature adipocytes, LMO3 overexpression promoted, while silencing of LMO3 suppressed mitochondrial oxidative capacity. LMO3 expression in visceral adipose tissue regulates multiple genes that preserve adipose tissue functionality during obesity, such as glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, and adiponectin secretion. Together with increased PPARγ activity and Ncoa1 expression, these gene expression changes promote insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation, glucose uptake in addition to increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity, limiting HFD-induced adipose dysfunction. These data add LMO3 as a novel regulator improving visceral adipose tissue function during obesity. Key messages LMO3 increases beneficial visceral adipose tissue expansion and insulin sensitivity in vivo. LMO3 increases glucose uptake and oxidative mitochondrial activity in adipocytes. LMO3 increases nuclear coactivator 1 (Ncoa1). LMO3-enhanced glucose uptake and mitochondrial gene expression requires Ncoa1.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00109-021-02089-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Wagner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Fenzl
- Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josefine Lindroos-Christensen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Novo Nordisk, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Elisa Einwallner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Husa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Witzeneder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Rauscher
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Gröger
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Derdak
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hedwig Sutterlüty
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Klinglmüller
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Medicines & Medical Devices Agency, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silviya Wolkerstorfer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, 1100, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Fondi
- University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, 1100, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Central Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Oswald Wagner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian W Kiefer
- Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Esterbauer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Chao Y, Jiang Y, Zhong M, Wei K, Hu C, Qin Y, Zuo Y, Yang L, Shen Z, Zou C. Regulatory roles and mechanisms of alternative RNA splicing in adipogenesis and human metabolic health. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:66. [PMID: 33795017 PMCID: PMC8017860 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00581-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) regulates gene expression patterns at the post-transcriptional level and generates a striking expansion of coding capacities of genomes and cellular protein diversity. RNA splicing could undergo modulation and close interaction with genetic and epigenetic machinery. Notably, during the adipogenesis processes of white, brown and beige adipocytes, AS tightly interplays with the differentiation gene program networks. Here, we integrate the available findings on specific splicing events and distinct functions of different splicing regulators as examples to highlight the directive biological contribution of AS mechanism in adipogenesis and adipocyte biology. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has suggested that mutations and/or altered expression in splicing regulators and aberrant splicing alterations in the obesity-associated genes are often linked to humans’ diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysregulation phenotypes. Therefore, significant attempts have been finally made to overview novel detailed discussion on the prospects of splicing machinery with obesity and metabolic disorders to supply featured potential management mechanisms in clinical applicability for obesity treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Chao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yonghui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Mianling Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaiyan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifang Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiming Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaochun Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Effects of Ginsenoside Rg3 on Inhibiting Differentiation, Adipogenesis, and ER Stress-Mediated Cell Death in Brown Adipocytes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6668665. [PMID: 33815558 PMCID: PMC7990545 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6668665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), a main active component of Panax ginseng, has various therapeutic properties in literatures, and it has been studied for its potential use in obesity control due to its antiadipogenic effects in white adipocytes. However, little is known about its effects on brown adipocytes. Methods The mechanisms through which Rg3 inhibits differentiation, adipogenesis, and ER stress-mediated cell death in mouse primary brown adipocytes (MPBAs) are explored. Results Rg3 significantly induced cytotoxicity in differentiated MPBAs but not in undifferentiated MPBAs. Rg3 treatment downregulated the expression of differentiation and adipogenesis markers and the level of perilipin in MPBAs while upregulating the expression of lipolytic Kruppel-like factor genes. Rg3 also induced lipolysis and efflux of triglycerides from MPBAs and subsequently increased proinflammatory cytokine levels. Notably, Rg3 treatment resulted in elevation of ER stress and proapoptotic markers in MPBAs. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that Rg3 is able to selectively exert cytotoxicity in differentiated MPBAs while leaving undifferentiated MPBAs intact, resulting in the induction of ER stress and subsequent cell death in MPBAs via regulation of various genes related to adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis, lipolysis, and inflammation. These results indicate that further studies on the potential therapeutic applications of Rg3 are warranted.
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15
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Farhadi S, Shodja Ghias J, Hasanpur K, Mohammadi SA, Ebrahimie E. Molecular mechanisms of fat deposition: IL-6 is a hub gene in fat lipolysis, comparing thin-tailed with fat-tailed sheep breeds. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:53-68. [PMID: 34084904 PMCID: PMC8130542 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-53-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tail fat content affects meat quality and varies significantly among different breeds of sheep. Ghezel (fat-tailed) and Zel (thin-tailed) are two important Iranian local sheep breeds with different patterns of fat storage. The current study presents the transcriptome characterization of tail fat using RNA sequencing in order to get a better comprehension of the molecular mechanism of lipid storage in the two mentioned sheep breeds. Seven (Zel = 4 and Ghezel = 3) 7-month-old male lambs were used for this experiment. The results of sequencing were analyzed with bioinformatics methods, including differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identification, functional enrichment analysis, structural classification of proteins, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and network and module analyses. Some of the DEGs, such as LIPG, SAA1, SOCS3, HIF-1 α , and especially IL-6, had a close association with lipid metabolism. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis revealed pathways associated with fat deposition, including "fatty acid metabolism", "fatty acid biosynthesis" and "HIF-1 signaling pathway". The structural classification of proteins showed that major down-regulated DEGs in the Zel (thin-tailed) breed were classified under transporter class and that most of them belonged to the solute carrier transporter (SLC) families. In addition, DEGs under the transcription factor class with an important role in lipolysis were up-regulated in the Zel (thin-tailed) breed. Also, network analysis revealed that IL-6 and JUNB were hub genes for up-regulated PPI networks, and HMGCS1, VPS35 and VPS26A were hub genes for down-regulated PPI networks. Among the up-regulated DEGs, the IL-6 gene seems to play an important role in lipolysis of tail fat in thin-tailed sheep breeds via various pathways such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Due to the probable role of the IL-6 gene in fat lipolysis and also due to the strong interaction of IL-6 with the other up-regulated DEGs, it seems that IL-6 accelerates the degradation of lipids in tail fat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Farhadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalil Shodja Ghias
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karim Hasanpur
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5371, Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
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16
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Scopolin Prevents Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and Weight Gain in an Ovariectomy-Induced Obese Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228699. [PMID: 33218042 PMCID: PMC7698923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is prevalent in modern human societies. We examined the anti-obesity effects of scopolin on adipocyte differentiation in preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cells and weight loss in an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced obese mouse model. Scopolin inhibited adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation in the preadipocyte cells by suppressing the transcription of adipogenic-related factors, including adiponectin (Adipoq), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg), lipoprotein lipase (Lpl), perilipin1 (Plin1), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (Fabp4), glucose transporter type 4 (Slc2a4), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (Cebpa). In OVX-induced obese mice, administration of scopolin promoted the reduction of body weight, total fat percentage, liver steatosis, and adipose cell size. In addition, the scopolin-treated OVX mice showed decreased serum levels of leptin and insulin. Taken together, these findings suggest that the use of scopolin prevented adipocyte differentiation and weight gain in vitro and in vivo, indicating that scopolin may be a potential bioactive compound for the treatment and prevention of obesity in humans.
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17
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Sudhakaran M, Doseff AI. The Targeted Impact of Flavones on Obesity-Induced Inflammation and the Potential Synergistic Role in Cancer and the Gut Microbiota. Molecules 2020; 25:E2477. [PMID: 32471061 PMCID: PMC7321129 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an inflammatory disease that is approaching pandemic levels, affecting nearly 30% of the world's total population. Obesity increases the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer, consequentially impacting the quality of life and imposing a serious socioeconomic burden. Hence, reducing obesity and related life-threatening conditions has become a paramount health challenge. The chronic systemic inflammation characteristic of obesity promotes adipose tissue remodeling and metabolic changes. Macrophages, the major culprits in obesity-induced inflammation, contribute to sustaining a dysregulated immune function, which creates a vicious adipocyte-macrophage crosstalk, leading to insulin resistance and metabolic disorders. Therefore, targeting regulatory inflammatory pathways has attracted great attention to overcome obesity and its related conditions. However, the lack of clinical efficacy and the undesirable side-effects of available therapeutic options for obesity provide compelling reasons for the need to identify additional approaches for the prevention and treatment of obesity-induced inflammation. Plant-based active metabolites or nutraceuticals and diets with an increased content of these compounds are emerging as subjects of intense scientific investigation, due to their ability to ameliorate inflammatory conditions and offer safe and cost-effective opportunities to improve health. Flavones are a class of flavonoids with anti-obesogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. Preclinical studies have laid foundations by establishing the potential role of flavones in suppressing adipogenesis, inducing browning, modulating immune responses in the adipose tissues, and hindering obesity-induced inflammation. Nonetheless, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-obesogenic activity of flavones remains scarce and requires further investigations. This review recapitulates the molecular aspects of obesity-induced inflammation and the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages, while focusing on the current evidence on the health benefits of flavones against obesity and chronic inflammation, which has been positively correlated with an enhanced cancer incidence. We conclude the review by highlighting the areas of research warranting a deeper investigation, with an emphasis on flavones and their potential impact on the crosstalk between adipocytes, the immune system, the gut microbiome, and their role in the regulation of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Sudhakaran
- Physiology Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Andrea I. Doseff
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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18
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Klimontov VV, Bulumbaeva DM, Bgatova NP, Taskaeva IS, Orlov NB, Fazullina ON, Soluyanov MY, Savchenko SV, Konenkov VI. Serum adipokine concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes: the relationships with distribution, hypertrophy and vascularization of subcutaneous adipose tissue. DIABETES MELLITUS 2019. [DOI: 10.14341/dm10129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
BACKGROUND: Adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction plays an important role in metabolic disorders in obesity and type 2 diabetes. The role of distribution, hypertrophy and vascularization of AT in adipokine secretion disturbances remain to be clarified.
AIMS: To determine the relationships between serum concentrations of adipokines and the mass and distribution of AT, diameter of adipocytes and vascularization of subcutaneous AT in patients with type 2 diabetes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 125 patients were examined, including 82 subjects with obesity. Thirty persons without diabetes and obesity, matched by sex and age, were acted as control. Concentrations of leptin, resistin, visfatin, adipsin and adiponectin in fasting serum were determined using multiplex analysis. Mass and distribution of AT was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Samples of SAT were obtained from umbilical region using a knife biopsy in 25 patients and in 15 individuals who died in accidents. Blood and lymphatic vessels in SAT were revealed with immunohistochemistry, using antibody to CD-34 and podoplanin respectively. The volume and numerical density, ultrastructure of blood and lymphatic vessels, and mean diameter of subcutaneous adipocytes were evaluated.
RESULTS: Patients with diabetes, as compared to control, had significantly higher levels of leptin, resistin, adipsin and visfatin (all p0.001). Adiponectin showed no differences. Concentrations of leptin, resistin, visfatin, adipsin and adiponectin correlated positively with gynoid fat mass. Additionally, leptin and adipsinshowed positive correlations with truncal and central abdominal fat mass. Concentration of leptin, but not other adipokines, was associated with hypertrophy of subcutaneous adipocytes. A decrease in volumetric density of microvessels(р=0.01) and increase in volume and numerical density of lymphatic vessels (both р=0.02) was observed in subcutaneous AT from diabetic subjects. The swelling of cytoplasm, mitochondria, cisterns of granular endoplasmic reticulum and reduced content of micropinocytotic vesicles was revealed in lymphatic capillaries. Resistin and visfatin showed inverse associations with density of microvessels.
CONCLUSION: Endocrine dysfunction of AT in patients with type 2 diabetes, manifested by elevation of serum concentrations of leptin, resistin, visfatin and adipsin, is associated with mass and distribution of AT, hypertrophy of subcutaneous adipocytes and vascularization abnormalities of subcutaneous AT.
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19
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Kulyté A, Kwok KHM, de Hoon M, Carninci P, Hayashizaki Y, Arner P, Arner E. MicroRNA-27a/b-3p and PPARG regulate SCAMP3 through a feed-forward loop during adipogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13891. [PMID: 31554889 PMCID: PMC6761119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) modulate gene expression through feed-back and forward loops. Previous studies identified miRNAs that regulate transcription factors, including Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG), in adipocytes, but whether they influence adipogenesis via such regulatory loops remain elusive. Here we predicted and validated a novel feed-forward loop regulating adipogenesis and involved miR-27a/b-3p, PPARG and Secretory Carrier Membrane Protein 3 (SCAMP3). In this loop, expression of both PPARG and SCAMP3 was independently suppressed by miR-27a/b-3p overexpression. Knockdown of PPARG downregulated SCAMP3 expression at the late phase of adipogenesis, whereas reduction of SCAMP3 mRNA levels increased PPARG expression at early phase in differentiation. The latter was accompanied with upregulation of adipocyte-enriched genes, including ADIPOQ and FABP4, suggesting an anti-adipogenic role for SCAMP3. PPARG and SCAMP3 exhibited opposite behaviors regarding correlations with clinical phenotypes, including body mass index, body fat mass, adipocyte size, lipolytic and lipogenic capacity, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. While adipose PPARG expression was associated with more favorable metabolic phenotypes, SCAMP3 expression was linked to increased fat mass and insulin resistance. Together, we identified a feed-forward loop through which miR-27a/b-3p, PPARG and SCAMP3 cooperatively fine tune the regulation of adipogenesis, which potentially may impact whole body metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agné Kulyté
- Lipid laboratory, Department of Medicine H7, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Kelvin Ho Man Kwok
- Lipid laboratory, Department of Medicine H7, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michiel de Hoon
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Piero Carninci
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hayashizaki
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Peter Arner
- Lipid laboratory, Department of Medicine H7, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Erik Arner
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
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20
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Castillejo-Lopez C, Pjanic M, Pirona AC, Hetty S, Wabitsch M, Wadelius C, Quertermous T, Arner E, Ingelsson E. Detailed Functional Characterization of a Waist-Hip Ratio Locus in 7p15.2 Defines an Enhancer Controlling Adipocyte Differentiation. iScience 2019; 20:42-59. [PMID: 31557715 PMCID: PMC6817687 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We combined CAGE sequencing in human adipocytes during differentiation with data from genome-wide association studies to identify an enhancer in the SNX10 locus on chromosome 7, presumably involved in body fat distribution. Using reporter assays and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in human cell lines, we characterized the role of the enhancer in adipogenesis. The enhancer was active during adipogenesis and responded strongly to insulin and isoprenaline. The allele associated with increased waist-hip ratio in human genetic studies was associated with higher enhancer activity. Mutations of the enhancer resulted in less adipocyte differentiation. RNA sequencing of cells with disrupted enhancer showed reduced expression of established adipocyte markers, such as ADIPOQ and LPL, and identified CHI3L1 on chromosome 1 as a potential gene involved in adipocyte differentiation. In conclusion, we identified and characterized an enhancer in the SNX10 locus and outlined its plausible mechanisms of action and downstream targets. An enhancer active during adipogenesis is located in an obesity GWAS locus The enhancer responded strongly to insulin and isoprenaline Mutation of the enhancer by CRISPR-Cas9 decreased adipocyte differentiation Knockout of CHI3L1 decreased adipocyte differentiation
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Affiliation(s)
- Casimiro Castillejo-Lopez
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Milos Pjanic
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anna Chiara Pirona
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Hetty
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Claes Wadelius
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Erik Arner
- Laboratory for Applied Regulatory Genomics Network Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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21
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Deyarmin JS, McCormley MC, Champagne CD, Stephan AP, Busqueta LP, Crocker DE, Houser DS, Khudyakov JI. Blubber transcriptome responses to repeated ACTH administration in a marine mammal. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2718. [PMID: 30804370 PMCID: PMC6390094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic physiological stress impacts animal fitness by catabolizing metabolic stores and suppressing reproduction. This can be especially deleterious for capital breeding carnivores such as marine mammals, with potential for ecosystem-wide effects. However, the impacts and indicators of chronic stress in animals are currently poorly understood. To identify downstream mediators of repeated stress responses in marine mammals, we administered adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) once daily for four days to free-ranging juvenile northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) to stimulate endogenous corticosteroid release, and compared blubber tissue transcriptome responses to the first and fourth ACTH administrations. Gene expression profiles were distinct between blubber responses to single and repeated ACTH administration, despite similarities in circulating cortisol profiles. We identified 61 and 12 genes that were differentially expressed (DEGs) in response to the first ACTH and fourth administrations, respectively, 24 DEGs between the first and fourth pre-ACTH samples, and 12 DEGs between ACTH response samples from the first and fourth days. Annotated DEGs were associated with functions in redox and lipid homeostasis, suggesting potential negative impacts of repeated stress on capital breeding, diving mammals. DEGs identified in this study are potential markers of repeated stress in marine mammals, which may not be detectable by endocrine profiles alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared S Deyarmin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
| | - Molly C McCormley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
| | - Cory D Champagne
- Conservation and Biological Research Program, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA
| | - Alicia P Stephan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
| | - Laura Pujade Busqueta
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
| | - Daniel E Crocker
- Biology Department, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA
| | - Dorian S Houser
- Conservation and Biological Research Program, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA
| | - Jane I Khudyakov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA.
- Conservation and Biological Research Program, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA.
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22
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Schöneberg T, Meister J, Knierim AB, Schulz A. The G protein-coupled receptor GPR34 - The past 20 years of a grownup. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 189:71-88. [PMID: 29684466 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Research on GPR34, which was discovered in 1999 as an orphan G protein-coupled receptor of the rhodopsin-like class, disclosed its physiologic relevance only piece by piece. Being present in all recent vertebrate genomes analyzed so far it seems to improve the fitness of species although it is not essential for life and reproduction as GPR34-deficient mice demonstrate. However, closer inspection of macrophages and microglia, where it is mainly expressed, revealed its relevance in immune cell function. Recent data clearly demonstrate that GPR34 function is required to arrest microglia in the M0 homeostatic non-phagocytic phenotype. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on its evolution, genomic and structural organization, physiology, pharmacology and relevance in human diseases including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, which accumulated over the last 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Schöneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jaroslawna Meister
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Alexander Bernd Knierim
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angela Schulz
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Martinez B, Khudyakov J, Rutherford K, Crocker DE, Gemmell N, Ortiz RM. Adipose transcriptome analysis provides novel insights into molecular regulation of prolonged fasting in northern elephant seal pups. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:495-503. [PMID: 29625017 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00002.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological and cellular adaptations to extreme fasting in northern elephant seals ( Mirounga angustirostris, NES) are remarkable and may help to elucidate endocrine mechanisms that regulate lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis in mammals. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of thyroid hormones in the maintenance of a lipid-based metabolism during prolonged fasting in weaned NES pups. To identify additional molecular regulators of fasting, we used a transcriptomics approach to examine changes in global gene expression profiles before and after 6-8 wk of fasting in weaned NES pups. We produced a de novo assembly and identified 98 unique protein-coding genes that were differentially expressed between early and late fasting. Most of the downregulated genes were associated with lipid, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism. A number of downregulated genes were also associated with maintenance of the extracellular matrix, consistent with tissue remodeling during weight loss and the multifunctional nature of blubber tissue, which plays both metabolic and structural roles in marine mammals. Using this data set, we predict potential mechanisms by which NES pups sustain metabolism and regulate adipose stores throughout the fast, and provide a valuable resource for additional studies of extreme metabolic adaptations in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Martinez
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California, Merced, California.,Department of Medicine, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George, Grenada.,Department of Anatomy, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand.,Department of Physics and Engineering, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, New Mexico
| | - Jane Khudyakov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific , Stockton, California
| | - Kim Rutherford
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Daniel E Crocker
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University , Rohnert Park, California
| | - Neil Gemmell
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Rudy M Ortiz
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California, Merced, California
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24
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Long Non-Coding RNAs Associated with Metabolic Traits in Human White Adipose Tissue. EBioMedicine 2018; 30:248-260. [PMID: 29580841 PMCID: PMC5952343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) belong to a recently discovered class of molecules proposed to regulate various cellular processes. Here, we systematically analyzed their expression in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) and found that a limited set was differentially expressed in obesity and/or the insulin resistant state. Two lncRNAs herein termed adipocyte-specific metabolic related lncRNAs, ASMER-1 and ASMER-2 were enriched in adipocytes and regulated by both obesity and insulin resistance. Knockdown of either ASMER-1 or ASMER-2 by antisense oligonucleotides in in vitro differentiated human adipocytes revealed that both genes regulated adipogenesis, lipid mobilization and adiponectin secretion. The observed effects could be attributed to crosstalk between ASMERs and genes within the master regulatory pathways for adipocyte function including PPARG and INSR. Altogether, our data demonstrate that lncRNAs are modulators of the metabolic and secretory functions in human fat cells and provide an emerging link between WAT and common metabolic conditions.
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25
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Bombrun M, Gao H, Ranefall P, Mejhert N, Arner P, Wählby C. Quantitative high-content/high-throughput microscopy analysis of lipid droplets in subject-specific adipogenesis models. Cytometry A 2017; 91:1068-1077. [PMID: 29031005 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Neutral lipids packed in lipid droplets (LDs) are essential as a source of fuel for organisms, and specialized storing cells, the adipocytes, provide a buffer for energy variations. Many modern-society-disorders are connected with excess accumulation or deficiency of LDs in adipose tissue. Intracellular LD number and size distribution reflect the tissue conditions, while the associated mechanisms and genes rs are still poorly understood. Large-scale genetic screens using human in vitro differentiated primary adipocytes require cell samples donated from many patients. The heterogeneity appearing between donors highlighted the need for high-throughput methods robust to individual variations. Previous image analysis algorithms failed to handle individual LDs, but focused on averages, hiding population heterogeneity. We present a new high-content analysis (HCA) technique for analysis of fat cell metabolism using data from a large-scale RNAi screen including images of more than 500 k in vitro differentiated adipocytes from three donors. The RNAi-based suppression of Perilipin 1 (PLIN1), a protein involved in the adipocyte lipid metabolism, served as a positive control, while cells treated with randomized RNA served as negative controls. We validate our segmentation by comparing our results to those of previously published methods: We also evaluate the discriminative power of different morphological features describing LD size distribution. Classification of cells as containing few large or many small LDs followed by calculating the percentage of cells in each class proved to discriminate the positive PLIN1-suppressed phenotype from the untreated negative control with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.98. The results suggest that this HCA method offers improved segmentation and classification accuracy, and can, thus, be utilized to quantify changes in LD metabolism in response to treatment in many cell models relevant to a variety of diseases. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bombrun
- Department of Information Technology Division of Visual Information and Interaction and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Ranefall
- Department of Information Technology Division of Visual Information and Interaction and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolina Wählby
- Department of Information Technology Division of Visual Information and Interaction and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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