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Hu G. Are insulin sensitivity and β-cell function associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with gestational diabetes? Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2521-2524. [PMID: 36583913 PMCID: PMC9944686 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
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Effects of the amount and type of carbohydrates used in type 2 diabetes diets in animal models: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233364. [PMID: 32530969 PMCID: PMC7292416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is among the most prevalent diseases in the world, affecting over 420 million people. The disease is marked by a poor metabolic effect of insulin leading to chronic hyperglycaemia, which can result in microvascular complications. It is widely known that postprandial glycaemia is reliant on the total carbohydrate content of a meal. However, the importance of the amount and the source of these carbohydrates remains controversial due to mechanisms other than insulin secretion. Oxidative stress, inflammation, pyruvate production and the quality of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in plasma lipopolysaccharides and short-chain fatty acids production, play an important role in blood sugar control and consequently in type 2 diabetes. Thus, we systematically reviewed the preclinical evidences on the impact of the amount and type of carbohydrate found in different diets and its influence on blood glucose levels in diabetic animals. We used a comprehensive and structured search in biomedical databases Medline (PubMed), Scopus and Web of Science, recovering and analyzing 27 original studies. Results showed that sucrose-rich diets deteriorated diabetic condition in animal models regardless of the total dietary carbohydrate content. On the other hand, fiber, particularly resistant starch, improved blood glucose parameters through direct and indirect mechanisms, such as delayed gastric emptying and improved gut microbiota. All studies used rodents as animal models and male animals were preferred over females. Improvements in T2DM parameters in animal models were more closely related to the type of dietary carbohydrate than to its content on a diet, i. e., resistant starch seems to be the most beneficial source for maintaining normoglycemia. Results show that current literature is at high risk of bias due to neglecting experimental methods.
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Mukherjee PS, Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay P, Das K, Das DK, Sarkar P, Bhattacharya D, Mazumdar S, Chatterjee K. A diabetes perception study among rural and urban individuals of West Bengal, India: are we ready for the pandemic? Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-020-00821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Lu J, Gu Y, Wang L, Li W, Zhang S, Liu H, Leng J, Liu J, Wang S, Baccarelli AA, Hou L, Hu G. Glucose metabolism among obese and non-obese children of mothers with gestational diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000822. [PMID: 32179515 PMCID: PMC7073815 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abdominal obesity is more closely associated with diabetes than general obesity in adults, however, it is unknown which kind of obesity is more closely associated with abnormal glucose metabolism in children. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We recruited 973 children (aged 3.08±1.06) of mothers with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Children's height, weight, waist circumstance, fasting glucose and insulin were measured using standardized methods. Logistic regression models were used to assess the single and joint associations of general and abdominal obesity with the risks of hyperglycemia (the upper quartile of fasting glucose), insulin resistance (the upper quartile of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), and β-cell dysfunction (the lower quartile of HOMA-%β). RESULTS Compared with normal weight children, children with general overweight/obesity had higher levels of HOMA-IR and HOMA-%β, higher ORs for hyperglycemia (1.56, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.30) and insulin resistance (3.44, 95% CI 2.32 to 5.09), but a lower OR for β-cell dysfunction (0.65, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.04). Children with abdominal obesity had an increased risk of insulin resistance (2.54, 95% CI 1.71 to 3.76) but not hyperglycemia and β-cell dysfunction compared with children with normal waist circumstance. In the joint analyses, general overweight children with and without abdominal obesity had an increased risk of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance compared with normal weight children. CONCLUSIONS General obesity was more closely associated with abnormal glucose metabolism than abdominal obesity in children of mothers with GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, China
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yuying Gu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai Business School-Fengpu Campus, Shanghai, China
| | - Leishen Wang
- Tianjin Health and Family Planning Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiqin Li
- Tianjin Health and Family Planning Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Tianjin Health and Family Planning Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Huikun Liu
- Tianjin Health and Family Planning Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhong Leng
- Tianjin Health and Family Planning Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Tianjin Health and Family Planning Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Health and Family Planning Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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Wang J, He Y, Yu D, Jin L, Gong X, Zhang B. Perilla oil regulates intestinal microbiota and alleviates insulin resistance through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in type-2 diabetic KKAy mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:110965. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Fan Y, Li W, Liu H, Wang L, Zhang S, Li W, Liu H, Leng J, Shen Y, Tuomilehto J, Yu Z, Yang X, Liu M, Hu G. Effects of obesity and a history of gestational diabetes on the risk of postpartum diabetes and hyperglycemia in Chinese women: Obesity, GDM and diabetes risk. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 156:107828. [PMID: 31472162 PMCID: PMC6858564 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the independent or combined effects of gestational diabetes (GDM) and pre-pregnancy and postpartum BMI on the odds of postpartum diabetes and hyperglycemia. METHODS The study samples included 1263 women with prior GDM and 705 women without GDM. Postpartum 1-7 years diabetes was diagnosed by the standard oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios among women with prior GDM, compared with those without it, were 7.52 for diabetes and 2.27 for hyperglycemia. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios at different postpartum BMI levels (<24, 24-27.9, and ≥ 28 kg/m2) were 1.00, 2.80, and 8.08 for diabetes (Ptrend < 0.001), and 1.00, 2.10, and 4.42 for hyperglycemia (Ptrend < 0.001), respectively. Women with high body fat (≥31.9%) or abdominal obesity (≥85 cm) had a 2.7-6.9-fold higher odds ratio for diabetes or hyperglycemia. Women with both obesity and prior GDM had the highest risk of diabetes or hyperglycemia compared with non-obese women without GDM. Non-obese women with prior GDM had the same risk of diabetes and hyperglycemia as non-GDM women with obesity. When using Cox regression models, the results were very close to those using logistic regression models. CONCLUSIONS Maternal prior GDM and pre-pregnancy or postpartum obesity contribute equally to postpartum diabetes and hyperglycemia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Weiqin Li
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Huikun Liu
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Leishen Wang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhong Leng
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Shen
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Six People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zhijie Yu
- Population Cancer Research Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Xilin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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Li W, Leng J, Liu H, Zhang S, Wang L, Hu G, Mi J. Nomograms for incident risk of post-partum type 2 diabetes in Chinese women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019; 90:417-424. [PMID: 30257051 PMCID: PMC6375795 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Counselling patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on their individual risk of post-partum type 2 diabetes (T2D) is challenging. This study aimed to develop nomograms for predicting incident risk of post-partum T2D in women with GDM diagnosed by WHO 1998 criteria. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study in 1263 Chinese women with GDM, of whom 83 were diagnosed as T2D at 2.3 years post-partum. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the independent predictors for post-partum T2D. The results of multivariate analyses were used to formulate nomograms for predicting incident risk of post-partum T2D. The predictive accuracy was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). RESULTS On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of post-partum T2DM in women with GDM included family history of diabetes [hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidential interval (95% CI): 2.06 (95% CI: 1.32-3.22)], history of pregnancy-induced hypertension [3.11 (95% CI: 1.86-5.21)], pre-pregnancy BMI [1.00, 1.90 (95% CI: 1.14-3.16), and 3.67 (95% CI: 2.03-6.63) for BMI <24, 24-28, and ≥28 kg/m2 ], and 2-hour glucose at 26-30 gestational weeks [1.00, 2.84 (95% CI: 1.42-5.69), and 9.42 (95% CI: 4.46-19.90) for 2-hour glucose at 7.8 ~ <8.5, 8.5 ~ <11.1, and ≥11.1 mmol/L). The overall AUROC of nomogram was 82.8% (95% CI: 78.1%-87.5%), with AUROCs of 85.9% (95% CI: 79.7%-92.1%) and 83.2% (95% CI: 77.9%-88.6%) for post-partum 2-year and 3-year risk of T2D, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This easy-to-use nomogram, with non-invasive clinical characteristics, can accurately predict the risk of post-partum T2D in women with GDM. It may facilitate risk communication between patients and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqin Li
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junhong Leng
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Huikun Liu
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Leishen Wang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Jie Mi
- Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Taheri N, Aminorroaya A, Ismail-Beigi F, Amini M. DEXAMETHASONE STRESS TEST: A PILOT CLINICAL STUDY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF INDIVIDUALS HIGHLY PRONE TO DEVELOP TYPE 2 DIABETES. Endocr Pract 2018; 24:894-899. [PMID: 30084689 DOI: 10.4158/ep-2018-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined whether the "Dexamethasone Stress Test" exhibits the requisite high predictive ability to identify individuals highly prone to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Seven years ago, we administered an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to 33 individuals without T2DM and repeated the OGTT 24 hours after a single oral dose of 8 mg dexamethasone (Dex); all participants had a first-degree relative with T2DM, and close to half had prediabetes. We calculated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for all parameters derived from the OGTT before and after Dex in individuals who subsequently developed diabetes compared to individuals who did not. RESULTS At 7 years of follow-up, 9 individuals had developed T2DM, while 24 remained without diabetes. None of the OGTT-derived parameters before administration of Dex had an area under the ROC curve of >0.8. However, 24 hours after Dex, three parameters, including fasting plasma insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, and 2-hour plasma glucose level, exhibited areas under the ROC curves of 0.84, 0.86, and 0.92, respectively. CONCLUSION The Dexamethasone Stress Test appears to be a good to excellent test in identifying individuals highly prone to develop T2DM. ABBREVIATIONS AUC = area under the curve; Dex = dexamethasone; HOMA-IR = homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; NGT = normal glucose tolerance; OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test; PreDiab = prediabetes; ROC = receiver operating characteristic; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Wu Z, Jin T, Weng J. A thorough analysis of diabetes research in China from 1995 to 2015: current scenario and future scope. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 62:46-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Fu D, Rao X, Xu J, Tanabe G, Muraoka O, Wu X, Xie W. First total synthesis of cyclic pentadepsipeptides Hikiamides A–C. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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