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Wang Y, Xin Y, Li B, Wu Q, An P, Li B, Li Y, Zang L, Gu W, Mu Y. Association of advanced glycation end products with ear lobe crease: A cross-sectional study. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13548. [PMID: 38599828 PMCID: PMC11006612 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies have demonstrated a significant association between the presence of the ear lobe crease (ELC) and cardiovascular disease. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) can affect the structures and functions of proteins and contribute to the development of diabetic complications. However, few studies have reported the relationship between AGEs and ELC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of skin autofluorescence (SAF)-AGEage (SAF-AGEs × age/100) with ELC. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 6500 eligible participants from two communities in Beijing. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) was used to measure skin AGEs (SAF-AGEs). SAF-AGEage was defined as AGEs × age/100. Binary logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis nested in logistic models were applied to test outcomes. RESULTS The overall prevalence of ELC with an average age of 62.7 years participants was 57.1% (n = 3714). Age, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and lipoprotein cholesterol were all greater in participants with ELC. ELC-positive participants had higher prevalence of coronary heart disease. Logistic analysis showed a significantly positive relationship between quartiles of SAF-AGEage and ELC (odds ratio [OR] 1.526, 95% CI 1.324-1.759; OR 2.072, CI 1.791-2.396; and OR 2.983, CI 2.551-3.489) for the multivariate-adjusted models, respectively. Stratified research revealed that those with a history of diabetes, hypertension, or coronary heart disease experienced the connection between SAF-AGEage and ELC. CONCLUSION ELC is associated with coronary heart disease, and the SAF-AGE has a potential role in ELC development in elder people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuepeng Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yu Xin
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Binqi Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Qingzheng Wu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ping An
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Bing Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Li Zang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Weijun Gu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
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Kawamoto H, Hanatani S, Tsujita K, Ruparelia N, Chou S, Kono Y, Nakamura S. Skin Autofluorescence and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:316-325. [PMID: 37743505 PMCID: PMC10918030 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate whether skin autofluorescence (SAF) is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) play a crucial role in atherosclerosis. Accumulation of AGE can be measured non-invasively by SAF. METHODS We performed a single-center prospective study of 896 patients with coronary artery disease treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between January 2014 and December 2015. SAF was measured before the PCI procedure. The primary endpoint was patient-oriented composite endpoints (POCE) defined as a composite of all-cause death, any myocardial infarction, any stroke, and any revascularization. RESULTS Patients were significantly older and suffered higher rates of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the high SAF group. A higher SAF was associated with an increased risk for POCE (HR 1.43; 95% CI 1.19-1.71, p<0.001) that was mainly driven by any coronary revascularization (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.08-1.65, p=0.01) including target lesion revascularization (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.02-1.94, p=0.04). The higher SAF group also experienced worse outcomes in stroke (HR 2.08; 95% CI 1.38-3.15, p=0.001). Multivariate analyses indicated that SAF was an independent predictor of POCE (HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.13-1.63, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS SAF as a measure of AGE deposition is independently associated with cardiovascular events amongst patients with coronary artery disease treated with PCI. SAF also predicts the incidence of restenosis and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Kawamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hanatani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Neil Ruparelia
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Shengpu Chou
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kono
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sunao Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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Feng W, Wang L, Liu CJ, Zhang C. Skin characterization of diabetes mellitus revealed by polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2024; 29:036003. [PMID: 38481479 PMCID: PMC10933388 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.3.036003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Significance Diabetes can lead to the glycation of proteins and dysfunction of skin collagen. Skin lesions are a prevalent clinical symptom of diabetes mellitus (DM). Early diagnosis and assessing the efficacy of treatment for DM are crucial for patient health management. However, performing a non-invasive skin assessment in the early stages of DM is challenging. Aim By using the polarization-sensitive optical coherent tomography (PS-OCT) imaging technique, it is possible to noninvasively assess the skin changes caused by diabetes. Approach The PS-OCT was used to monitor the polarization characteristics of mouse skin at different stages of diabetes. Results Based on a multi-layered adhesive tape model, we found that the polarization characteristics (retardation, optic axis, and polarization uniformity) were sensitive to the microstructure changes in the samples. Through this method, we observed significant changes in the polarization states of the skin as diabetes progressed. This was in line with the detected microstructure changes in skin collagen fibers using scanning electron microscopy. Conclusions This study presents a highly useful approach for non-invasive skin assessment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Zhanjiang, China
- Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lisi Wang
- Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Zhanjiang, China
- Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chun-Jie Liu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Zhanjiang, China
- Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Yamagami H, Hara T, Yasui S, Hosoki M, Hori T, Kaneko Y, Mitsui Y, Kurahashi K, Harada T, Yoshida S, Nakamura S, Otoda T, Yuasa T, Kuroda A, Endo I, Matsuhisa M, Abe M, Aihara KI. Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Skin Autofluorescence and Tubular Injury Defined by Urinary Excretion of Liver-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein in People with Type 2 Diabetes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3020. [PMID: 38002020 PMCID: PMC10669246 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It has previously been unclear whether the accumulation of advanced glycation end products, which can be measured using skin autofluorescence (SAF), has a significant role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), including glomerular injury and tubular injury. This study was therefore carried out to determine whether SAF correlates with the progression of DKD in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In 350 Japanese people with T2D, SAF values were measured using an AGE Reader®, and both urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), as a biomarker of glomerular injury, and urine liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (uLFABP)-to-creatinine ratio (uL-FABPCR), as a biomarker of tubular injury, were estimated as indices of the severity of DKD. Significant associations of SAF with uACR (p < 0.01), log-transformed uACR (p < 0.001), uL-FABPCR (p < 0.001), and log-transformed uL-FABPCR (p < 0.001) were found through a simple linear regression analysis. Although SAF was positively associated with increasing uL-FABPCR (p < 0.05) and increasing log-transformed uL-FABPCR (p < 0.05), SAF had no association with increasing uACR or log-transformed uACR after adjusting for clinical confounding factors. In addition, the annual change in SAF showed a significant positive correlation with annual change in uL-FABPCR regardless of confounding factors (p = 0.026). In conclusion, SAF is positively correlated with uL-FABP but not with uACR in people with T2D. Thus, there is a possibility that SAF can serve as a novel predictor for the development of diabetic tubular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yamagami
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.Y.); (T.H.); (T.H.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, 6-1 Kawahara Takarada-cho, Tokushima 774-0045, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Tomoyo Hara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.Y.); (T.H.); (T.H.); (S.Y.)
| | - Saya Yasui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, 6-1 Kawahara Takarada-cho, Tokushima 774-0045, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Minae Hosoki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, 6-1 Kawahara Takarada-cho, Tokushima 774-0045, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Taiki Hori
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.Y.); (T.H.); (T.H.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, 6-1 Kawahara Takarada-cho, Tokushima 774-0045, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Yousuke Kaneko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, 6-1 Kawahara Takarada-cho, Tokushima 774-0045, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Yukari Mitsui
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.Y.); (T.H.); (T.H.); (S.Y.)
| | - Kiyoe Kurahashi
- Department of Community Medicine for Respirology, Hematology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan;
| | - Takeshi Harada
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.Y.); (T.H.); (T.H.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sumiko Yoshida
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.Y.); (T.H.); (T.H.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shingen Nakamura
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (S.N.); (T.O.); (T.Y.)
| | - Toshiki Otoda
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (S.N.); (T.O.); (T.Y.)
| | - Tomoyuki Yuasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (S.N.); (T.O.); (T.Y.)
| | - Akio Kuroda
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research Center, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Itsuro Endo
- Department of Bioregulatory Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan;
| | - Munehide Matsuhisa
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research Center, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Masahiro Abe
- Department of Hematology, Kawashima Hospital, 6-1 Kitasakoichiban-cho, Tokushima 770-8548, Japan;
| | - Ken-ichi Aihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, 6-1 Kawahara Takarada-cho, Tokushima 774-0045, Japan (M.H.)
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (S.N.); (T.O.); (T.Y.)
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Tian Z, Chen S, Shi Y, Wang P, Wu Y, Li G. Dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs): An insight between modern diet and health. Food Chem 2023; 415:135735. [PMID: 36863235 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed by a series of chemical reactions of amino acids, peptides, proteins, and ketones at normal temperature or heated non-enzymatic conditions. A large amount of AGEs derived from Maillard Reaction (MR) during the process of food heat-processing. After oral intake, dietary AGEs are converted into biological AGEs through digestion and absorption, and accumulated in almost all organs. The safety and health risk of dietary AGEs have attracted wide attention. Increasing evidence have shown that uptake of dietary AGEs is closely related to the occurrence of many chronic diseases, such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease. This review summarized the most updated information of production, bio-transport in vivo, detection technologies, and physiological toxicity of dietary AGEs, and also discussed approaches to inhibit dietary AGEs generation. Impressively, the future opportunities and challenges on the detection, toxicity, and inhibition of dietary AGEs are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Tian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yiheng Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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The Patient's Physiological Status at the Start Determines the Success of the Inpatient Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Program. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051735. [PMID: 36902521 PMCID: PMC10003145 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation plays an important role in the recovery of patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Lifestyle changes, achieved by exercise, diet, weight loss and patient education programs, are the first steps to a healthier life. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) are known to be involved in CVDs. Clarification on whether initial AGE levels can influence the rehabilitation outcome is important. Serum samples were collected at the beginning and end of the inpatient rehabilitation stay and analyzed for parameters: lipid metabolism, glucose status, oxidative stress, inflammation and AGE/RAGE-axis. As result, a 5% increase in the soluble isoform RAGE (sRAGE) (T0: 891.82 ± 44.97 pg/mL, T1: 937.17 ± 43.29 pg/mL) accompanied by a 7% decrease in AGEs (T0: 10.93 ± 0.65 µg/mL, T1: 10.21 ± 0.61 µg/mL) was shown. Depending on the initial AGE level, a significant reduction of 12.2% of the AGE activity (quotient AGE/sRAGE) was observed. We found that almost all measured factors improved. Summarizing, CVD-specific multidisciplinary rehabilitation positively influences disease-associated parameters, and thus provides an optimal starting point for subsequent disease-modifying lifestyle changes. Considering our observations, the initial physiological situations of patients at the beginning of their rehabilitation stay seem to play a decisive role regarding the assessment of rehabilitation success.
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Boersma HE, van der Klauw MM, Smit AJ, Wolffenbuttel BHR. A non-invasive risk score including skin autofluorescence predicts diabetes risk in the general population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21794. [PMID: 36526712 PMCID: PMC9758123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased skin autofluorescence (SAF) predicts the development of diabetes-related complications and cardiovascular disease. We assessed the performance of a simple model which includes SAF to identify individuals at high risk for undiagnosed and incident type 2 diabetes, in 58,377 participants in the Lifelines Cohort Study without known diabetes. Newly-diagnosed diabetes was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/l and/or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (≥ 48 mmol/mol) or self-reported diabetes at follow-up. We constructed predictive models based on age, body mass index (BMI), SAF, and parental history of diabetes, and compared to results with the concise FINDRISC model. At 2nd visit to Lifelines, 1113 (1.9%) participants were identified with undiagnosed diabetes and 1033 (1.8%) participants developed diabetes during follow-up. A model comprising age, BMI and SAF yielded an AUC of 0.783 and was non-inferior to the concise FINDRISC model, which had an AUC of 0.797 to predict new diabetes. At a score of 5.8, sensitivity was 78% and specificity of 66%. Model 2 which also incorporated parental diabetes history, had an AUC of 0.792, and a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 70% at a score of 6.5. Net reclassification index (NRI) did not improve significantly (NRI 1.43% (- 0.50-3.37 p = 0.15). The combination of an easy to perform SAF measurement with age and BMI is a good alternative screening tool suitable for medical and non-medical settings. Parental history of diabetes did not significantly improve model performance in this homogeneous cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henderikus E. Boersma
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC AA31, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie M. van der Klauw
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC AA31, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andries J. Smit
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC AA31, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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A Prospective Analysis of Skin and Fingertip Advanced Glycation End-Product Devices in Healthy Volunteers. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164709. [PMID: 36012948 PMCID: PMC9410107 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been shown to accumulate in bone and are gaining interest in connective tissue research. Aims: To investigate the intrarater reliability, two-timepoint agreement and correlations within and between two commercially available skin autofluorescence (SAF) AGE devices. Methods: Healthy volunteers were enrolled in a prospective study at a single academic institution. Each participant underwent SAF analysis by two different, commercially available devices on two occasions, 14 days apart. Upon enrollment, a general survey about the participant’s lifestyle and health status was completed and followed up on for any changes at timepoint two. Results: In total, 40 participants (F:M ratio 5:3) with an average age of 39.0 ± 12.5 years were analyzed. For the AGE reader (skin) and AGE sensor (fingertip), both intrarater reliability and two-timepoint agreement were excellent with an interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.90 and a strong correlation within both machines. However, there was no correlation between both machines for either timepoint. In total, 4 participants were identified as outliers above the +2SD. Additionally, 5 participants with dark-colored skin could not be measured with the AGE reader at timepoint one and 4 at timepoint two. In contrast, all participants were able to undergo SAF analysis with the AGE sensor, irrespective of their skin type. Conclusions: Both machines showed excellent intrarater reliability and two-timepoint agreement, but the skin AGE reader might have limited applicability in individuals with dark-colored skin. Future research on AGEs might take our findings into consideration.
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Sakly R, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Khochtali I, Bouida W, Boubaker H, Nouira S, Abid S, Kerkeni M. Increased skin autofluorescence of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-022-01121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Los-Stegienta A, Borkowska A, Cypryk K. Assessment of microvascular function using a novel technique Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) in patients with diabetic kidney disease: A preliminary study. Microvasc Res 2022; 144:104417. [PMID: 35931125 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) plays an important role in morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of this microangiopathy is mainly due to impaired vascular endothelial function. The Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) method is an innovative, non-invasive tool for assessing the microcirculation function (especially microcirculatory response to hypoxia), also in patients with complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted at the Medical University of Lodz, Poland. Total of 84 volunteers including 30 patients with DKD, 33 patients with DM without complications, and 21 healthy subjects underwent microvascular function assessments using FMSF. This technique measures changes in the intensity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) fluorescence from the skin on the forearm as a function of time, in response to blocking and releasing blood flow in the forearm. In this study we asses two key parameters: Reactive Hyperemia Response (RHR) and Hypoxia Sensitivity [log(HS)] to characterize vascular circulation in patients with DKD and their response to transient ischemia. RESULTS The patients with low reactive hyperemic response (the RHR parameter) had a significantly higher sCr than patients with moderate and high RHR value (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively) and a significantly lower eGFR than the patients with moderate and high RHR parameter (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). The patients with very low and low log(HS) values had a significantly higher sCr than the patients with high log(HS) (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively), and a significantly lower eGFR than the patients with high log(HS) parameter (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). The patients with very low log(HS) had a significantly higher sCr and a significantly lower eGFR than the patients with moderate (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively). The mean value of the RHR parameter was significantly lower in DKD patients (18.31 ± 5.06 %) compared to both healthy subjects (34.37 ± 8.18 %, p < 0.001) and DM without complications subgroup (28.75 ± 7.12 %, p < 0.001). Similar trends were noted with the mean value of log(HS) parameter in DKD subgroup (1.03 ± 0.5) vs. healthy subjects (1.59 ± 0.53, p < 0.001), and vs. DM without complications subgroup (1.73 ± 0.52, p < 0.001). We observed a significant inverse correlation between the RHR parameter and serum creatinine (sCr) and a significant positive correlations with eGFR (R = -0.3; p < 0.05, R = 0.61; p < 0.001, respectively). We found also a significant negative correlations of the log(HS) measure with sCr and a significant positive correlations with eGFR (R = -0.33; p < 0.01, R = 0.55; p < 0.001, respectively). We observed also a significant inverse correlation between the RHR and log(HS) parameters and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (R = -0.6; p < 0.001, R = -0.32; p < 0.01, respectively). The AGEs parameter was also a significantly higher in patients with low RHR parameter than in patients with moderate (p < 0.01) and high (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The FMSF technique makes it possible to identify impairments of the microvascular function in patients with DKD. This study confirms that the simple two-parametric approach diagnostic tool perfectly characterizes the state of the microvascular system in diabetic patients with impaired renal function. These preliminary results require further validation in a larger patients cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Los-Stegienta
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Borkowska
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
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Jiang T, Zhang Y, Dai F, Liu C, Hu H, Zhang Q. Advanced glycation end products and diabetes and other metabolic indicators. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:104. [PMID: 35879776 PMCID: PMC9310394 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a global concern among adults. Previous studies have suggested an association between different screening methods and diabetes; however, increasing evidence has suggested the importance of early screening for diabetes mellitus (DM) and its influencing factors. In this study, we aimed to explore whether the non-invasive detection of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the early screening of DM in the Chinese community and whether body mass index (BMI) and metabolic indexes could moderate this relationship. METHODS Three community health service centers in Hefei that signed the medical consortium agreement with the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were selected to screen the population aged 30-90 years in each community using a multi-stage cluster sampling method from January 2018 to January 2019. Univariate analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in general data, biochemical indexes, skin AGEs levels, and blood glucose among groups. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 912 patients with a community health physical examination and no history of diabetes were selected, excluding those with missing values > 5%. Finally, 906 samples were included in the study with an effective rate of 99.3%. The prevalence in the normal, impaired glucose tolerance, and DM groups were 79.8%, 10.0%, and 10.2%, respectively. By dividing AGE by quartile, AGE accumulation was classified as ≤ P25, P25-P50, P50-P75, and > P75. Higher AGE accumulation (χ2 = 37.95), BMI (χ2 = 12.20), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (χ2 = 8.46), triglyceride (TG) (χ2 = 6.23), and older age (χ2 = 20.11) were more likely to have a higher prevalence of fasting blood glucose (FBG). The analyses revealed significant correlations between AGE accumulation, BMI, TG, total cholesterol (TC), and FBG (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION As the findings indicate, priority should be given to the quality of metabolic-related indicators, such as BMI, TG, and TC, employed to effectively reduce the FBG of Chinese participants with high AGE accumulation. Skin autofluorescence may prove to be a rapid and non-invasive method for assessing the metabolic progression of all glucose level layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fang Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Honglin Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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Advanced Glycations End Products in the Skin as Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116234. [PMID: 35682915 PMCID: PMC9181586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of diabetes are increasing worldwide, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The assessment and stratification of cardiovascular risk in subjects with T2D is a challenge. Advanced glycation end products are heterogeneous molecules produced by non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids. Accumulation of advanced glycation end products is increased in subjects with T2D and is considered to be one of the major pathogenic mechanism in developing complications in diabetes. Skin AGEs could be assessed by skin autofluorescence. This method has been validated and related to the presence of micro and macroangiopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In this context, the aim of this review is to critically summarize current knowledge and scientific evidence on the relationship between skin AGEs and CVD in subjects with type 2 diabetes, with a brief reference to other diabetes-related complications.
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Skin accumulation of advanced glycation end products and cardiovascular risk in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09571. [PMID: 35711980 PMCID: PMC9192809 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) takes place during normal aging; however, their production is faster in people having diabetes. The accumulated AGEs reportedly play a role in the occurrence of various age-related disorders. Furthermore, the skin autofluorescence (SAF) technique can be used to detect accumulated AGEs levels. There are few reports on the association between skin accumulation of AGEs and risk of complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods In this study, we aimed to describe the association between the skin accumulation of AGEs and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 310 Korean patients with diabetes were enrolled, and the levels of AGEs were measured using SAP. Levels of fasting blood glucose (FBS), triglycerides, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, proteinuria, arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV), and blood vessel age were measured using an automatic waveform analyzer. General linear models were used to identify the independent effect of AGEs after adjusting for covariates (age, weight, and duration of diabetes). Results The skin levels of AGEs were strongly correlated with the diabetes duration. Significant independent associations were observed for AGEs with FBS (P < 0.01), proteinuria (P < 0.001), and PWV (P < 0.001). The advanced glycated product was independently associated to the arterial pulse wave conduction velocity that is used as a representative method for measuring arteriosclerosis by analysis early cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion Our results show that an increase in SAF levels in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with PWV and vein age, and thereby with arterial stiffness. Therefore, our results suggest that AGEs are associated with cardiovascular risk factors. The level of AGEs can thus be used as an indicator of cardiovascular diseases in the clinical diagnosis of patients with type 2 diabetes. Unclear association between skin accumulation of AGEs and T2DM complication risk. Study Population: Korean patients with T2DM. Strong correlation between skin levels of AGEs and diabetes duration. Independent association between AGEs and arterial pulse wave conduction velocity. Association between increased SAF levels in with PWV, vein age, arterial stiffness.
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Measuring of Advanced Glycation End Products in Acute Stroke Care: Skin Autofluorescence as a Predictor of Ischemic Stroke Outcome in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061625. [PMID: 35329949 PMCID: PMC8955850 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are known to show poor recovery after stroke. This specific burden might be due to acute and chronic hyperglycemic effects. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanisms are a cause of discussion, and the best measure to predict the outcome is unclear. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) reflects the in-patient load of so-called advanced glycation end products (AGEs) beyond HbA1c and represents a valid and quickly accessible marker of chronic hyperglycemia. We investigated the predictive potential of SAF in comparison to HbA1c and acute hyperglycemia on the functional outcome at 90 days after ischemic stroke in a cohort of patients with DM. Methods: We prospectively included 113 patients with DM type 2 hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke. SAF was measured on each patient’s forearm by a mobile AGE-Reader mu© in arbitrary units. HbA1c and the area under the curve (AUC) of the blood sugar profile after admission were assessed. Functional outcome was assessed via phone interview after 90 days. A poor outcome was defined as a deterioration to a modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 3. A good outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score < 3 or as no deterioration from premorbid level. Results: Patients with a poor outcome presented with higher values of SAF (mean 3.38 (SD 0.55)) than patients with a good outcome (mean 3.13 (SD 0.61), p = 0.023), but did not differ in HbA1c and acute glycemia. In logistic regression analysis, age (p = 0.021, OR 1.24 [1.12−1.37]) and SAF (p = 0.021, OR 2.74 [1.16−6.46]) significantly predicted a poor outcome, whereas HbA1c and acute glycemia did not. Patients with a poor 90-day outcome and higher SAF experienced more infections (4.2% vs. 33.3% (p < 0.01)) and other various in-hospital complications (21.0% vs. 66.7% (p < 0.01)) than patients with a good outcome and lower SAF levels. Conclusions: SAF offers an insight into glycemic memory and appears to be a significant predictor of poor stroke outcomes in patients with DM exceeding HbA1c and acute glycemia. Measuring SAF could be useful to identify specifically vulnerable patients at high risk of complications and poor outcomes.
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Sánchez E, Kerkeni M, Hernández M, Gavaldà R, Rius F, Sauret A, Torres G, Bermúdez-López M, Fernández E, Castro-Boqué E, Purroy F, Mauricio D, Farràs-Sallés C, Buti M, Godoy P, Pamplona R, Lecube A. Weak Association between Skin Autofluorescence Levels and Prediabetes with an ILERVAS Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051102. [PMID: 35268075 PMCID: PMC8912766 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence demonstrates a relationship between hyperglycemia and increased concentrations of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). However, there is little information about subcutaneous AGE accumulation in subjects with prediabetes, and whether or not this measurement could assist in the diagnosis of prediabetes is unclear. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 4181 middle-aged subjects without diabetes. Prediabetes (n = 1444) was defined as a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level between 39 and 47 mmol/mol (5.7 to 6.4%), and skin autofluorescence (SAF) measurement was performed to assess AGEs. A multivariable logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic curve were used. The cohort consisted of 50.1% women with an age of 57 [52;62] years, a BMI of 28.3 [25.4;31.6] kg/m2, and a prevalence of prediabetes of 34.5%. Participants with prediabetes showed higher SAF than control participants (2.0 [1.7;2.2] vs. 1.9 [1.7;2.2], p < 0.001). However, HbA1c was not significantly correlated with SAF levels (r = 0.026, p = 0.090). In addition, the SAF level was not independently associated with prediabetes (OR = 1.12 (0.96 to 1.30)). Finally, there was no good cutoff point for SAF to identify patients with prediabetes (AUC = 0.52 (0.50 to 0.54), sensitivity = 0.61, and 1-specificity = 0.56). Given all of this evidence, we can conclude that although there is an increase in SAF levels in participants with prediabetes, the applicability and clinical relevance of the results is low in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Sánchez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Obesity, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (E.S.); (M.H.); (F.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Mohsen Kerkeni
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia;
| | - Marta Hernández
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Obesity, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (E.S.); (M.H.); (F.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Ricard Gavaldà
- Amalfi Analytics, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ferran Rius
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Obesity, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (E.S.); (M.H.); (F.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Ariadna Sauret
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Obesity, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (E.S.); (M.H.); (F.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Gerard Torres
- Precision Medicine in Chronic Diseases Group, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Marcelino Bermúdez-López
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.B.-L.); (E.F.); (E.C.-B.)
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RedinRen-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Fernández
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.B.-L.); (E.F.); (E.C.-B.)
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RedinRen-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Castro-Boqué
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.B.-L.); (E.F.); (E.C.-B.)
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RedinRen-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Purroy
- Stroke Unit, Clinical Neurosciences Group, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (F.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Dídac Mauricio
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Farràs-Sallés
- Applied Epidemiology Research Group, IRBLleida. Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.F.-S.); (M.B.)
| | - Miquel Buti
- Applied Epidemiology Research Group, IRBLleida. Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.F.-S.); (M.B.)
| | - Pere Godoy
- Stroke Unit, Clinical Neurosciences Group, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (F.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Albert Lecube
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Obesity, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (E.S.); (M.H.); (F.R.); (A.S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-973-70-51-83; Fax: +34-973-70-51-89
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van de Zande SC, de Vries JK, van den Akker-Scheek I, Zwerver J, Smit AJ. A physically active lifestyle is related to a lower level of skin autofluorescence in a large population with chronic-disease (LifeLines cohort). JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:260-265. [PMID: 32987221 PMCID: PMC9068531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) has substantial health benefits and is important in combatting chronic diseases, which have been associated with elevated levels of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). AGEs play a role in the aging process, and an association between PA and AGEs has been reported. We aimed to investigate the relationship between PA and AGE accumulation in a general population and in a population with chronic diseases. METHODS This large cross-sectional population study used data from adult participants in the LifeLines project, with participant information drawn from the LifeLines database as well data from patients with diabetes mellitus or renal and/or cardiovascular diseases. Tissue AGE accumulation was assessed non-invasively by skin-autofluorescence (SAF) using an AGE reader (DiagnOptics Technologies BV, Groningen, the Netherlands). PA was assessed using the short questionnaire to assess health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH). Multivariate linear regression analyses were adjusted for age, body mass index, sex, and smoking status. RESULTS Data from 63,452 participants (general population n = 59,177, chronic disease n = 4275) were analyzed. The general population was significantly younger (43.58 ± 11.77 years, mean ± SD) and had significantly lower SAF (1.90 ± 0.42 arbitrary units (AU)) compared to the population with chronic disease (age: 55.51 ± 12.07 years; SAF: 2.27 ± 0.51 AU). In the group with chronic disease, more hours of moderate to vigorous physical activities per week were associated with lower SAF (β = -0.002, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -0.002 to -0.001). For the general population, there was no association between hours of moderate to vigorous activity and SAF (β = 3.2 × 10-5, 95%CI: 0.000-0.001, p = 0.742). However, there was an association in the general population between total hours of PA per week and SAF (β = 4.2 × 10-4, 95%CI: 0.000-0.001, p < 0.001), but this association was not found in the chronic disease population (β = -3.2 × 10-4, 95%CI: -0.001 to 0.000, p = 0.347). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that an inverse relationship exists between PA and AGE accumulation in the population with chronic disease. More hours of moderate to vigorous activity is associated with a significantly decreased SAF. More PA is associated with a lower SAF, even after adjusting for the established predictors (age, body mass index, smoking status, and sex). Our findings could help to promote health and prolong longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Corine van de Zande
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
| | - Jeroen Klaas de Vries
- Department of Internal Medicine, Antonius Hospital Sneek, Sneek, 8601 ZK, the Netherlands
| | - Inge van den Akker-Scheek
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Zwerver
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Sports Valley, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Ede, 6716 RP, the Netherlands
| | - Andries Jan Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands
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Ravichandran G, Lakshmanan DK, Arunachalam A, Thilagar S. Food obesogens as emerging metabolic disruptors; A toxicological insight. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 217:106042. [PMID: 34890825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.106042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human food is composed of loads of chemicals derived naturally as well as unintentionally through environmental sources. Food additives added purposefully, play an important role in the palatability of foods. Most additives are synthetic whose essentiality in food processing is well-known however their health risks are not overlooked. The palatability of food should not only stimulate our eating desire alone but, also assure sufficient quality and safety. Application of food additives varies from region to region due to cultural or ethnic differences and the local food availability. There are about more than ten thousand chemicals allowed in food whereas due to weak enforcement, it becomes onerous for regulatory bodies identifying chemicals that are inadequately or not tested at all for safety. The hiking population and urbanization in many industrialized and developing countries resulted in life-style changes including culinary and eating choices. Particularly, the modern way of this globalised life demands ready-to-cook or ready-made foods, snacks, sweets, soft drinks, desserts, confectionery and so on. These sorts of food would be most uninteresting unless processed with additives. This puts food industries under demand to robustly supply foods that are either partially, fully or ultra-processed using plenty of additives. Recent research warns consuming food additives may result in serious health risks, not only for children but also for adults. Growing body of studies on food additives in various experimental animals, cell cultures, and human population suggest elevation of number of obesity and diabetes risk factors i.e. adiposity, dyslipidemia, weight gain, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, energy imbalance, hormonal intervention etc. Hence, it is important to identify and explore food obesogens or obesogenic food additives posing potential impact. Based on the recent toxicological findings, the review aspires to establish the association between exposure of food obesogen and metabolic disruption which may help filling knowledge gaps and distributing more knowledge, awareness and effective measures to implement treatment and preventive strategies for metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guna Ravichandran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Lakshmanan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India; Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, India
| | - Abirami Arunachalam
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Sivasudha Thilagar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India.
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Pan J, Bao X, Gonçalves I, Jujić A, Engström G. Skin autofluorescence, a measure of tissue accumulation of advanced glycation end products, is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in coronary and carotid arteries. Atherosclerosis 2022; 345:26-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Hosseini MS, Razavi Z, Ehsani AH, Firooz A, Afazeli S. Clinical Significance of Non-invasive Skin Autofluorescence Measurement in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 42:101194. [PMID: 34841236 PMCID: PMC8605318 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products (AGE), one of the main factors causing diabetic end-organ damage, accumulate in long half-life proteins, such as skin and cartilage collagen. AGE measurement may offer additional evidence to predict diabetic vascular complications. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) is suggested as a non-invasive, quick, and reliable method to measure tissue AGE level. The aim of this study was to review and evaluate evidence on the clinical validation of SAF measurement in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched "PubMed" (MEDLINE) and "Cochrane" databases from their inception to 10 August 2021 for observational studies concerning SAF measurement in diabetic patients. The following key terms were used in advanced searching: "Diabetes", "Diabetes Mellitus"," DM", "Glycation ", "Advanced Glycation End product", "AGE", "skin autofluorescence", "SAF". Published studies that included DM patients and estimated their AGE using SAF were considered eligible for meta-analysis. Articles that were editorials, study proposals, congress posters, or case reports and were not on human subjects were excluded. We used a random-effect models for meta-analyzing the clinical validation of SAF in DM with particular emphasis on chronic diabetes complications. FINDINGS We identified 881 records and twenty-nine records fulfilled our eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. A statistically significant correlation was found between SAF and diabetes last HbA1c 0.21(0.13,0.28) in studies with substantial heterogeneity (I2=77.99%, p<0.05). Nevertheless, a significant positive association between SAF level and diabetic retinopathy (DR) [(OR= 1.05, 95% CI=1.03,1.08), (I2=63.78%, p<0.05)], diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) [(OR= 1.11, 95%CI= 1.06,1.16), (I2=79.17%, p<0.05)], diabetic nephropathy (DNP) [(OR= 1.08, 95%CI: 1.05,1.11), (I 2 =65.36%, p<0.05)] and diabetic macrovascular events (D-MVE) [(OR=1.08, 95%CI=1.05,1.11) (I2=67.32, p<0.05)] were found. INTERPRETATION Our study confirmed the significance of SAF measurement as a non-invasive surrogate marker of DM micro and macrovascular complications. Skin AGE estimation may be a useful factor for the prediction and early detection of irreversible DM complications. More studies with larger populations and longer follow-up periods are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh sadat Hosseini
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Razavi
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Houshang Ehsani
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Firooz
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Kunimoto M, Yokoyama M, Shimada K, Matsubara T, Aikawa T, Ouchi S, Fukao K, Miyazaki T, Fujiwara K, Abulimiti A, Honzawa A, Shimada A, Yamamoto T, Amano A, Saitoh M, Morisawa T, Takahashi T, Daida H, Minamino T. Relationship between skin autofluorescence levels and clinical events in patients with heart failure undergoing cardiac rehabilitation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:208. [PMID: 34656131 PMCID: PMC8520614 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced glycation end-products, indicated by skin autofluorescence (SAF) levels, could be prognostic predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and renal disease. However, the clinical usefulness of SAF levels in patients with heart failure (HF) who underwent cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations between SAF and MACE risk in patients with HF who underwent CR. Methods This study enrolled 204 consecutive patients with HF who had undergone CR at our university hospital between November 2015 and October 2017. Clinical characteristics and anthropometric data were collected at the beginning of CR. SAF levels were noninvasively measured with an autofluorescence reader. Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) was a composite of all-cause mortality and unplanned hospitalization for HF. Follow-up data concerning primary endpoints were collected until November 2017. Results Patients’ mean age was 68.1 years, and 61% were male. Patients were divided into two groups according to the median SAF levels (High and Low SAF groups). Patients in the High SAF group were significantly older, had a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease, and more frequently had history of coronary artery bypass surgery; however, there were no significant between-group differences in sex, prevalence of DM, left ventricular ejection fraction, and physical function. During a mean follow-up period of 590 days, 18 patients had all-cause mortality and 36 were hospitalized for HF. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients in the high SAF group had a higher incidence of MACE (log-rank P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, Cox regression multivariate analysis revealed that SAF levels were independently associated with the incidence of MACE (odds ratio, 1.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–3.12; P = 0.03). Conclusion SAF levels were significantly associated with the incidence of MACE in patients with HF and may be useful for risk stratification in patients with HF who underwent CR. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-021-01398-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Kunimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Miho Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Fitness, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimada
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Fitness, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Matsubara
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Aikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shohei Ouchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kosuke Fukao
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Miyazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kei Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Abidan Abulimiti
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akio Honzawa
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Fitness, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akie Shimada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taira Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Amano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Saitoh
- Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Morisawa
- Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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21
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Planas A, Simó-Servat O, Bañeras J, Sánchez M, García E, Ortiz ÁM, Ruiz-Meana M, Hernández C, Ferreira-González I, Simó R. Usefulness of skin advanced glycation end products to predict coronary artery calcium score in patients with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:1403-1412. [PMID: 34032928 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The early identification of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients at risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a challenge. The coronary artery calcium score (CACs) is considered the most sensitive tool for assessing CAD risk in diabetic population, and the identification of a more targeted population in which the CACs would be more cost-efficient seems warranted. The accumulation of advanced glycation end products plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the assessment of skin autofluorescence (SAF) could be useful tool to identify those diabetic patients in whom CACs assessment should be prioritized. METHODS Prospective case-control study, comprising 156 subjects with T2D with no history of clinical CVD and 52 non-diabetic subjects matched by age. A value of CACs ≥ 400 Agatston Units (AU) was considered as "high CVD risk." Logistic regression analysis to predict a CACs ≥ 400 AU was performed. Sensibility and specificity were calculated using the optimal cutoff point based on ROC curve. RESULTS T2D patients had higher value of SAF compared to controls (p = 0.011). Among subjects with diabetes, 122 presented CACs < 400 AU and 35 CACs ≥ 400 AU. SAF values were significantly higher among the group with CACs ≥ 400AU compared to patients with CACs < 400 (2.96 ± 0.86 vs. 2.59 ± 0.57; p = 0.0035). The logistic regression analysis showed that age, HDL-cholesterol and SAF values were independently related to CACs ≥ 400UA. CONCLUSION Our finding suggests that SAF could be useful in selecting T2D patients in whom the screening for CAD by means of CACs assessment would be more cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Planas
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Spanish Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Simó-Servat
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Spanish Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Bañeras
- Cardiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spanish Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Sánchez
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther García
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel M Ortiz
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Spanish Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- Cardiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Spanish Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Spanish Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ferreira-González
- Cardiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spanish Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Spanish Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Jin Q, Lau ESH, Luk AOY, Ozaki R, Chow EYK, Cheng F, So T, Yeung T, Loo KM, Lim CKP, Kong APS, Jenkins AJ, Chan JCN, Ma RCW. Skin autofluorescence is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular events in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study from the Hong Kong Diabetes Biobank. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:108015. [PMID: 34384706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate association between skin autofluorescence (SAF) and cardiovascular events (CVE) and assess its predictive value in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND METHODS SAF was measured non-invasively in 3806 Chinese adults with T2D between 2016 and 2019 with CVE as primary endpoint and individual components as secondary endpoints. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine associations between SAF and endpoints with adjustment for conventional risk factors. C-statistic, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were performed to evaluate SAF's predictive value. RESULTS During a median 1.8 (interquartile range, 1.2-3.1) years of follow-up, 172 individuals experienced CVE. Multivariate Cox model showed that SAF was independently associated with CVE (HR 1.18 per SD, 95% CI [1.02, 1.37]), coronary heart disease (HR 1.29 per SD, 95% CI [1.02, 1.63]), and congestive heart failure (HR 1.53 per SD, 95% CI [1.14, 2.05]). SAF yielded additional value on CVE risk stratification with enhanced IDI (95% CI) (0.023 [0.001, 0.057]) and continuous NRI (0.377 [0.002, 0.558]) over traditional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Higher SAF was independently associated with CVE in Chinese adults with T2D and yielded incremental predictive information for CVE. SAF has potential as a prognostic maker for CVE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jin
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Eric S H Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Andrea O Y Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Risa Ozaki
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Elaine Y K Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Feifei Cheng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tammy So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Theresa Yeung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kit-Man Loo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cadmon K P Lim
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Alice P S Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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23
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Hansrivijit P, Chen YJ, Lnu K, Trongtorsak A, Puthenpura MM, Thongprayoon C, Bathini T, Mao MA, Cheungpasitporn W. Prediction of mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review. World J Nephrol 2021; 10:59-75. [PMID: 34430385 PMCID: PMC8353601 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v10.i4.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common medical condition that is increasing in prevalence. Existing published evidence has revealed through regression analyses that several clinical characteristics are associated with mortality in CKD patients. However, the predictive accuracies of these risk factors for mortality have not been clearly demonstrated. AIM To demonstrate the accuracy of mortality predictive factors in CKD patients by utilizing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) analysis. METHODS We searched Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for eligible articles through January 2021. Studies were included based on the following criteria: (1) Study nature was observational or conference abstract; (2) Study populations involved patients with non-transplant CKD at any CKD stage severity; and (3) Predictive factors for mortality were presented with AUC analysis and its associated 95% confidence interval (CI). AUC of 0.70-0.79 is considered acceptable, 0.80-0.89 is considered excellent, and more than 0.90 is considered outstanding. RESULTS Of 1759 citations, a total of 18 studies (n = 14579) were included in this systematic review. Eight hundred thirty two patients had non-dialysis CKD, and 13747 patients had dialysis-dependent CKD (2160 patients on hemodialysis, 370 patients on peritoneal dialysis, and 11217 patients on non-differentiated dialysis modality). Of 24 mortality predictive factors, none were deemed outstanding for mortality prediction. A total of seven predictive factors [N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), BNP, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), augmentation index, left atrial reservoir strain, C-reactive protein, and systolic pulmonary artery pressure] were identified as excellent. Seventeen predictive factors were in the acceptable range, which we classified into the following subgroups: predictors for the non-dialysis population, echocardiographic factors, comorbidities, and miscellaneous. CONCLUSION Several factors were found to predict mortality in CKD patients. Echocardiography is an important tool for mortality prognostication in CKD patients by evaluating left atrial reservoir strain, systolic pulmonary artery pressure, diastolic function, and left ventricular mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panupong Hansrivijit
- Department of Internal Medicine, UPMC Pinnacle, Harrisburg, PA 17104, United States
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, UPMC Pinnacle, Harrisburg, PA 17104, United States
| | - Kriti Lnu
- Department of Internal Medicine, UPMC Pinnacle, Harrisburg, PA 17104, United States
| | - Angkawipa Trongtorsak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amita Health Saint Francis Hospital, Evanston, IL 60202, United States
| | - Max M Puthenpura
- Department of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, United States
| | - Charat Thongprayoon
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Tarun Bathini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Michael A Mao
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - Wisit Cheungpasitporn
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
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24
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Januszewski AS, Xu D, Cho YH, Benitez-Aguirre PZ, O'Neal DN, Craig ME, Donaghue KC, Jenkins AJ. Skin autofluorescence in people with type 1 diabetes and people without diabetes: An eight-decade cross-sectional study with evidence of accelerated aging and associations with complications. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14432. [PMID: 33078416 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To measure skin autofluorescence in youth (<18 y.o.) and adults (≥18 y.o.) and to assess its relationship with type 1 diabetes, chronic complications and smoking. METHODS In a cross-sectional study (n = 383) skin autofluorescence was measured in 269 people with type 1 diabetes (67 with vascular complications) and 114 people without diabetes, covering eight decades of age. Associations of skin autofluorescence with demographics and traditional risk factors were assessed. RESULTS Skin autofluorescence increased with age in people with diabetes: for those with complications it increased by a mean ± se of 0.029 ± 0.003 arbitrary units per year (r = 0.76) and, for those without complications, it increased by 0.028 ± 0.002 arbitrary units (r = 0.77). These increases were higher than for people without diabetes, whose skin autofluorescence increased by 0.022 ± 0.002 arbitrary units (r = 0.78) per year (p = 0.004). Mean ±se age-adjusted skin autofluorescence was higher in people with diabetes complications vs people without diabetes complications (1.85 ± 0.04 vs 1.66 ± 0.02 arbitrary units) and people without diabetes (1.48 ± 0.03 arbitrary units; all P < 0.0001). Age-adjusted skin autofluorescence was higher in current smokers and recent ex-smokers vs non-smokers and longer-term ex-smokers (1.86 ± 0.06 vs 1.63 ± 0.02 arbitrary units; P = 0.0005). Skin autofluorescence area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.89 (95% CI 0.85-0.94) for retinopathy and 0.56 (95% CI 0.47-0.65) for nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS Skin autofluorescence increases with age, but faster in people with diabetes, particularly in those with complications and in smokers, consistent with accelerated aging. Skin autofluorescence may facilitate complication screening and prediction. Longitudinal studies are merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Januszewski
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, NSW, Australia
| | - D Xu
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Visual Geometry Group, Oxford, UK
| | - Y H Cho
- Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - D N O'Neal
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, NSW, Australia
| | - M E Craig
- Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K C Donaghue
- Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, NSW, Australia
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25
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Onursal C, Dick E, Angelidis I, Schiller HB, Staab-Weijnitz CA. Collagen Biosynthesis, Processing, and Maturation in Lung Ageing. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:593874. [PMID: 34095157 PMCID: PMC8172798 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.593874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing a macromolecular scaffold, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a critical regulator of cell function by virtue of specific physical, biochemical, and mechanical properties. Collagen is the main ECM component and hence plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic lung disease. It is well-established that many chronic lung diseases, e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) primarily manifest in the elderly, suggesting increased susceptibility of the aged lung or accumulated alterations in lung structure over time that favour disease. Here, we review the main steps of collagen biosynthesis, processing, and turnover and summarise what is currently known about alterations upon lung ageing, including changes in collagen composition, modification, and crosslinking. Recent proteomic data on mouse lung ageing indicates that, while the ER-resident machinery of collagen biosynthesis, modification and triple helix formation appears largely unchanged, there are specific changes in levels of type IV and type VI as well as the two fibril-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices (FACIT), namely type XIV and type XVI collagens. In addition, levels of the extracellular collagen crosslinking enzyme lysyl oxidase are decreased, indicating less enzymatically mediated collagen crosslinking upon ageing. The latter contrasts with the ageing-associated increase in collagen crosslinking by advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), a result of spontaneous reactions of protein amino groups with reactive carbonyls, e.g., from monosaccharides or reactive dicarbonyls like methylglyoxal. Given the slow turnover of extracellular collagen such modifications accumulate even more in ageing tissues. In summary, the collective evidence points mainly toward age-induced alterations in collagen composition and drastic changes in the molecular nature of collagen crosslinks. Future work addressing the consequences of these changes may provide important clues for prevention of lung disease and for lung bioengineering and ultimately pave the way to novel targeted approaches in lung regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Onursal
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Dick
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Ilias Angelidis
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia A Staab-Weijnitz
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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26
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Forbes JM, Le Bagge S, Righi S, Fotheringham AK, Gallo LA, McCarthy DA, Leung S, Baskerville T, Nisbett J, Morton A, Teasdale S, D'Silva N, Barrett H, Jones T, Couper J, Donaghue K, Isbel N, Johnson DW, Donnellan L, Deo P, Akison LK, Moritz KM, O'Moore-Sullivan T. Advanced glycation end products as predictors of renal function in youth with type 1 diabetes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9422. [PMID: 33941808 PMCID: PMC8093271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine if skin autofluorescence (sAF) differed in early adulthood between individuals with type 1 diabetes and age-matched controls and to ascertain if sAF aligned with risk for kidney disease. Young adults with type 1 diabetes (N = 100; 20.0 ± 2.8 years; M:F 54:46; FBG-11.6 ± 4.9 mmol/mol; diabetes duration 10.7 ± 5.2 years; BMI 24.5(5.3) kg/m2) and healthy controls (N = 299; 20.3 ± 1.8 years; M:F-83:116; FBG 5.2 ± 0.8 mmol/L; BMI 22.5(3.3) kg/m2) were recruited. Skin autofluorescence (sAF) and circulating AGEs were measured. In a subset of both groups, kidney function was estimated by GFRCKD-EPI CysC and uACR, and DKD risk defined by uACR tertiles. Youth with type 1 diabetes had higher sAF and BMI, and were taller than controls. For sAF, 13.6% of variance was explained by diabetes duration, height and BMI (Pmodel = 1.5 × 10-12). In the sub-set examining kidney function, eGFR and sAF were higher in type 1 diabetes versus controls. eGFR and sAF predicted 24.5% of variance in DKD risk (Pmodel = 2.2 × 10-9), which increased with diabetes duration (51%; Pmodel < 2.2 × 10-16) and random blood glucose concentrations (56%; Pmodel < 2.2 × 10-16). HbA1C and circulating fructosamine albumin were higher in individuals with type 1 diabetes at high versus low DKD risk. eGFR was independently associated with DKD risk in all models. Higher eGFR and longer diabetes duration are associated with DKD risk in youth with type 1 diabetes. sAF, circulating AGEs, and urinary AGEs were not independent predictors of DKD risk. Changes in eGFR should be monitored early, in addition to uACR, for determining DKD risk in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine M Forbes
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia. .,School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
| | - Selena Le Bagge
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Samuel Righi
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Amelia K Fotheringham
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Linda A Gallo
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Domenica A McCarthy
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Sherman Leung
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Tracey Baskerville
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.,Mater Young Adults Health Centre, Mater Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Janelle Nisbett
- Mater Young Adults Health Centre, Mater Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Adam Morton
- Mater Young Adults Health Centre, Mater Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephanie Teasdale
- Mater Young Adults Health Centre, Mater Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Neisha D'Silva
- Mater Young Adults Health Centre, Mater Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Helen Barrett
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.,Mater Young Adults Health Centre, Mater Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Jennifer Couper
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kim Donaghue
- Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Isbel
- School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,The Metro South and Ipswich Nephrology and Transplant Service (MINTS), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David W Johnson
- School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,The Metro South and Ipswich Nephrology and Transplant Service (MINTS), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Leigh Donnellan
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Permal Deo
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lisa K Akison
- School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karen M Moritz
- School of Biomedical Science and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Trisha O'Moore-Sullivan
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.,Mater Young Adults Health Centre, Mater Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Wang X, Zhao X, Lian T, Wei J, Yue W, Zhang S, Chen Q. Skin autofluorescence and the complexity of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:58. [PMID: 33794864 PMCID: PMC8017648 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) occurring in skin tissues can be measured as skin autofluorescence (SAF). Here, we assessed the correlation between SAF values and the complexity and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications. METHODS The basic clinical information of 825 patients with T2DM was collected through an electronic system, and SAF was measured by adapting a DM-Scan, a non-invasive optical signal detector. Diabetic complications were diagnosed based on clinical criteria by experienced doctors. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent determinants of SAF, and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess independent determinants that influence the severity of the complications. RESULTS SAF was significantly associated with the complexity of T2DM complications. Similarly, independent relationships between SAF and age (β = 0.389, P < 0.001), sex (β = - 2.221, P = 0.004), 2-h C-peptide (β = - 0.182, P = 0.017), aminotransferase (ALT, β = - 0.158, P = 0.041), blood creatinine (BCr, β = 0.206, P = 0.009), and fatty liver (β = 0.161, P = 0.026) were observed. With the increasing number of complications, the SAF values increased significantly after adjusting for related risk factors. The SAF values correlated with diabetic retinopathy, diabetic kidney diseases, cardiovascular disease, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy when compared with patients without any T2DM-associated complications. Moreover, the AGE-based diabetic complication risk score for each complication demonstrated a relationship with the presence or absence of certain complications. CONCLUSION SAF is an independent marker for diabetic retinopathy, diabetic kidney diseases, cardiovascular disease, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and it is also a predictor of the complexity of T2DM complications. Moreover, the diabetic complication risk score is capable of predicting the risk of diabetic complications in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingwang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jianyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Lian
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanjin Wei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanxu Yue
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Senwei Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Korpijaakko C, Wasenius N, Teramo K, Klemetti MM, Kautiainen H, Eriksson JG, Laine MK. Skin Autofluorescence in Young Adult Offspring of Women with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study. Diabetes Ther 2021; 12:669-677. [PMID: 33484434 PMCID: PMC7947119 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-021-01001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Offspring born to women with type 1 diabetes pregnancies have an elevated risk for early-onset obesity and type 2 diabetes compared with offspring born to women without diabetes. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) is a marker of accumulated advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and it has been shown to predict type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in the general population. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether maternal type 1 diabetes influences the SAF value in young adult offspring. METHODS This cross-sectional case-control study included 78 offspring of women with type 1 diabetes (cases) and 85 control participants (controls). All study participants, aged 18-23 years, were invited to participate in a clinical assessment including laboratory tests and questionnaires. SAF was assessed using the AGE reader from the dominant forearm of each participant. RESULTS The mean SAF value did not differ between the cases (1.61 [standard deviation (SD) 0.37]) arbitrary units [AU]) and the controls (1.64 [SD 0.41] AU) (p = 0.69). After adjusting for glycated hemoglobin A1c, body fat percentage, smoking, and season the mean SAF value did not differ between the cases and the controls (p = 0.49) but differed between men and women (p = 0.008), without any interaction observed (p = 0.78). CONCLUSION SAF values did not differ between the young adult offspring of women with type 1 diabetes and offspring born to mothers without diabetes. Surprisingly, young adult women showed higher SAF values than men in both case and control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Korpijaakko
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Niko Wasenius
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Teramo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miira M Klemetti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Merja K Laine
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
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The AGE Reader: A non-invasive method to assess long-term tissue damage. Methods 2021; 203:533-541. [PMID: 33636313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) are sugar-modified adducts which arise during non-enzymatic glycoxidative stress. These compounds may become systemically elevated in disease states, and accumulate in tissue, especially on long-lived proteins. AGEs have been implicated in various acute, and chronic diseases, stressing the need for reliable and comprehensive measuring techniques. Measurement of AGEs in tissue such as skin requires invasive skin biopsies. The AGE Reader has been developed to assess skin autofluorescence (SAF) non-invasively using the fluorescent properties of several AGEs. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Various studies have shown that SAF is a useful marker of disease processes associated with oxidative stress. It is prospectively associated with the development of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes, renal or cardiovascular disease, and it predicts diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in the general population. However, when measuring SAF in individual subjects, several factors may limit the reliability of the measurement. These include endogenous factors present in the skin that absorb emission light such as melanin in dark-skinned subjects, but also factors that lead to temporal changes in SAF such as acute diseases and strenuous physical exercise associated with glycoxidative stress. Also, exogenous factors could potentially influence SAF levels inadvertently such as nutrition, and for example the application of skin care products. This review will address the AGE Reader functionality and the endogenous, and exogenous factors which potentially influence the SAF assessment in individual subjects.
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Boersma HE, van Waateringe RP, van der Klauw MM, Graaff R, Paterson AD, Smit AJ, Wolffenbuttel BHR. Skin autofluorescence predicts new cardiovascular disease and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:14. [PMID: 33435948 PMCID: PMC7802158 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-00676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin autofluorescence (SAF) is a non-invasive marker of tissue accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE). Recently, we demonstrated in the general population that elevated SAF levels predict the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. We evaluated whether elevated SAF may predict the development of CVD and mortality in individuals with T2D. METHODS We included 2349 people with T2D, available baseline SAF measurements (measured with the AGE reader) and follow-up data from the Lifelines Cohort Study. Of them, 2071 had no clinical CVD at baseline. 60% were already diagnosed with diabetes (median duration 5, IQR 2-9 years), while 40% were detected during the baseline examination by elevated fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l) and/or HbA1c ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol). RESULTS Mean (±SD) age was 57 ± 12 yrs., BMI 30.2 ± 5.4 kg/m2. 11% of participants with known T2D were treated with diet, the others used oral glucose-lowering medication, with or without insulin; 6% was using insulin alone. Participants with known T2D had higher SAF than those with newly-detected T2D (SAF Z-score 0.56 ± 0.99 vs 0.34 ± 0.89 AU, p < 0.001), which reflects a longer duration of hyperglycaemia in the former group. Participants with existing CVD and T2D had the highest SAF Z-score: 0.78 ± 1.25 AU. During a median follow-up of 3.7 yrs., 195 (7.6%) developed an atherosclerotic CVD event, while 137 (5.4%) died. SAF was strongly associated with the combined outcome of a new CVD event or mortality (OR 2.59, 95% CI 2.10-3.20, p < 0.001), as well as incidence of CVD (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.61-2.61, p < 0.001) and death (OR 2.98, 2.25-3.94, p < 0.001) as a single outcome. In multivariable analysis for the combined endpoint, SAF retained its significance when sex, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, total cholesterol, eGFR, as well as antihypertensive and statin medication were included. In a similar multivariable model, SAF was independently associated with mortality as a single outcome, but not with incident CVD. CONCLUSIONS Measuring SAF can assist in prediction of incident cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals with T2D. SAF showed a stronger association with future CVD events and mortality than cholesterol or blood pressure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henderikus E Boersma
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31, Groningen, RB, 9700, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert P van Waateringe
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31, Groningen, RB, 9700, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie M van der Klauw
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31, Groningen, RB, 9700, The Netherlands
| | - Reindert Graaff
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31, Groningen, RB, 9700, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andries J Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31, Groningen, RB, 9700, The Netherlands.
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Papachristou S, Pafili K, Trypsianis G, Papazoglou D, Vadikolias K, Papanas N. Skin Advanced Glycation End Products among Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with or without Distal Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:6045677. [PMID: 34877359 PMCID: PMC8645371 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6045677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 132 subjects (88 men) with a mean age of 64.57 years and median T2DM duration of 14.5 years. Skin AGEs were measured with AGE reader mu connect (Diagnoptics) on the dominant arm. The device enables single and automated triplicate measurements: both of these were performed. DSPN was diagnosed through the neuropathy disability score (NDS). Small nerve fibre function was assessed by temperature and pinprick sensation on the foot. Bilateral measurement of the vibration perception threshold (VPT) on the hallux was carried out by using a neurothesiometer (Horwell Scientific Laboratory Supplies). RESULTS Single and triplicate AGE measurements were positively correlated with each other (Pearson's correlation coefficient r = 0.991, 95%CI = 0.987-0.994, p < 0.001). AGEs were higher among subjects with vs. those without DSPN (p < 0.001). Furthermore, they were higher among subjects with reduced vs. normal temperature sensation (p < 0.001), among subjects with reduced vs. normal pinprick sensation (p = 0.002), among those with abnormal vs. normal monofilament examination (p < 0.001), and among those with abnormal vs. normal VPT (p < 0.001). AGEs were correlated with NDS, VPT, and monofilament score. CONCLUSIONS In T2DM, skin AGEs are increased in the presence of DSPN. This holds true both for large and for small nerve function impairment. Moreover, AGEs are correlated with DSPN severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Papachristou
- Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Pafili
- Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Grigorios Trypsianis
- Department of Medical Statistics, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papazoglou
- Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Department of Neurology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papanas
- Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece
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32
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Atzeni IM, Boersema J, Pas HH, Diercks GF, Scheijen JL, Schalkwijk CG, Mulder DJ, van der Zee P, Smit AJ. Is skin autofluorescence (SAF) representative of dermal advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in dark skin? A pilot study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05364. [PMID: 33241137 PMCID: PMC7674296 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Non-invasively assessed skin autofluorescence (SAF) measures advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in the dermis. SAF correlates with dermal AGEs in Caucasians and Asians, but studies in dark-skinned subjects are lacking. In this pilot we aimed to assess whether SAF signal is representative of intrinsic fluorescence (IF) and AGE accumulation in dark skin. Methods Skin biopsies were obtained in 12 dark-skinned subjects (6 healthy subjects, median age 22 years; 6 diabetes mellitus (DM) subjects, 65 years). SAF was measured with the AGE Reader, IF using confocal microscopy, and AGE distribution with specific antibodies. CML and MG-H1 were quantified with UPLC-MS/MS and pentosidine with HPLC and fluorescent detection. Results SAF correlated with IF from the dermis (405nm, r = 0.58, p < 0.05), but not with CML (r = 0.54, p = 0.07). CML correlated with IF from the dermis (405nm, r = 0.90, p < 0.01). UV reflectance and the coefficient of variation of SAF were negatively correlated (r = -0.80, p < 0.01). CML and MG-H1 were predominantly present around blood vessels, in collagen and fibroblasts in the dermis. Conclusion This proof of concept study is the first to compare non-invasive SAF with AGE levels measured in skin biopsies in dark-skinned subjects. SAF did not correlate with individual AGEs from biopsies, but was associated with IF. However, the intra-individual variance was high, limiting its application in dark-skinned subjects on an individual basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella M. Atzeni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jeltje Boersema
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hendri H. Pas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gilles F.H. Diercks
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jean L.J.M. Scheijen
- Department of Internal Medicine (J.L.J.M.S., C.G.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center, Debeyelaan 25, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G. Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine (J.L.J.M.S., C.G.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center, Debeyelaan 25, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Douwe J. Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Piet van der Zee
- DiagnOptics Technologies (P.v.d.Z.), Aarhusweg 4-9, 9723 JJ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Andries J. Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Hagen JM, Sutterland AL, Schirmbeck F, Cohn DM, Lok A, Tan HL, Zwinderman AH, de Haan L. Skin autofluorescence of advanced glycation end products and course of affective disorders in the lifelines cohort study, a prospective investigation. J Affect Disord 2020; 276:424-432. [PMID: 32871673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin autofluorescence (SAF), indicating concentration of advanced glycation end products in the skin and oxidative stress, is cross-sectionally associated with affective disorders. Prospective studies of oxidative stress markers will help to clarify the pathophysiological role of oxidative stress. METHODS Data of a population-based cohort study were used. Presence of major depressive disorder, dysthymia, generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder or social phobia was assessed at baseline and at 5-year follow-up with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Associations between SAF at baseline and incidence and persistence/recurrence of affective disorders were assessed with logistic regression. RESULTS Of 43,267 participants with no disorder at baseline, 2885 (6.7%) developed an incident disorder during follow-up. In 1360 of 3648 participants (37.3%) with an affective disorder at baseline, a persisting/recurrent disorder was present at follow-up. A modest association existed between SAF and incident affective disorders (OR=1.07 [95%CI 1.03-1.12], P<.001), specifically major depressive disorder (OR=1.11 [95%CI 1.04-1.19], P=.003); this association lost statistical significance after adjustment for sociodemographic factors. Associations between SAF and persistence/recurrence were not significant. LIMITATIONS Many confounders might also act as intermediate: extensive adjustment for confounders caused overfitting and possibly masked effects of SAF on course of affective disorders. Relatively small sample sizes for analyses of SAF and persistence/recurrence of affective disorders resulted in a low power. CONCLUSIONS Increased SAF modestly raises the odds of incident affective disorders, particularly major depressive disorder, providing evidence that oxidative stress plays a role in subsequent occurrence of affective disorders. However, significance of effects faded after adjustment for socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Hagen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arjen L Sutterland
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frederike Schirmbeck
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Arkin Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Danny M Cohn
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anja Lok
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands; The Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Hanno L Tan
- The Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Arkin Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; The Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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34
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Gogas Yavuz D, Apaydin T, Imre E, Uygur MM, Yazici D. Skin Autofluorescence and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Evaluation Following Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Severe Obesity. Obes Surg 2020; 31:1055-1061. [PMID: 33123869 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-05077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advanced glycation end product (AGE) is a marker of metabolic memory. Accumulated AGEs in skin collagen measured with skin autofluorescence (SAF) was found to be associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. We aimed to evaluate SAF and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and its association with clinical and biochemical parameters in severely obese patients before and after bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this observational study, 432 morbid obese patients evaluated before and after 6 and 12 months of bariatric surgery for metabolic and anthropometric parameters, CIMT and SAF. SAF was assessed in the forearm with an AGE Reader. RESULTS SAF measurements were higher in diabetic (2.04 ± 0.52 AU) obese patients compared to non-diabetic (1.78 ± 0.40 AU) obese patients (p < 0.0001). Although bariatric surgery-induced weight loss resulted in a decrease in CIMT in the 6th and 12th months compared to baseline, weight loss and metabolic improvements were not associated with a parallel decrease in SAF measurements. SAF measurements were positively correlated with body mass index (r 0.527, p < 0.0001), HbA1c (r 0.362, p < 0.0001), and CIMT (r 0.319, p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed the presence of diabetes (but not BMI, age, and sex) was independently associated with SAF (R2 = 7.62%), and the presence of diabetes, low-density cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure were independently associated with CIMT measurements (R2 = 21.7%). CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss and metabolic improvement were found to be associated with improvement in CIMT, while skin AGE accumulation was not regressed in the first year of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Gogas Yavuz
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Tugce Apaydin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eren Imre
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Meliha Melin Uygur
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yeni Yuzyil University, Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Yazici
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sourris KC, Watson A, Jandeleit-Dahm K. Inhibitors of Advanced Glycation End Product (AGE) Formation and Accumulation. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2020; 264:395-423. [PMID: 32809100 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A range of chemically different compounds are known to inhibit the formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) or disrupt associated signalling pathways. There is evidence that some of these agents can provide end-organ protection in chronic diseases including diabetes. Whilst this group of therapeutics are structurally and functionally different and have a range of mechanisms of action, they ultimately reduce the deleterious actions and the tissue burden of advanced glycation end products. To date it remains unclear if this is due to the reduction in tissue AGE levels per se or the modulation of downstream signal pathways. Some of these agents either stimulate antioxidant defence or reduce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), modify lipid profiles and inhibit inflammation. A number of existing treatments for glucose lowering, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia are also known to reduce AGE formation as a by-product of their action. Targeted AGE formation inhibitors or AGE cross-link breakers have been developed and have shown beneficial effects in animal models of diabetic complications as well as other chronic conditions. However, only a few of these agents have progressed to clinical development. The failure of clinical translation highlights the importance of further investigation of the advanced glycation pathway, the diverse actions of agents which interfere with AGE formation, cross-linking or AGE receptor activation and their effect on the development and progression of chronic diseases including diabetic complications. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are (1) proteins or lipids that become glycated as a result of exposure to sugars or (2) non-proteinaceous oxidised lipids. They are implicated in ageing and the development, or worsening, of many degenerative diseases, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney and Alzheimer's disease. Several antihypertensive and antidiabetic agents and statins also indirectly lower AGEs. Direct AGE inhibitors currently investigated include pyridoxamine and epalrestat, the inhibition of the formation of reactive dicarbonyls such as methylglyoxal as an important precursor of AGEs via increased activation of the detoxifying enzyme Glo-1 and inhibitors of NOX-derived ROS to reduce the AGE/RAGE signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karly C Sourris
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna Watson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karin Jandeleit-Dahm
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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36
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Vaes AW, Spruit MA, Reynaert NL, Franssen FME, Wouters EFM, Theunis J, De Boever P. Skin auto-fluorescence as a measure of advanced glycation end-products is associated with microvascular health in patients with COPD. Microvasc Res 2020; 132:104053. [PMID: 32763256 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. These physiological processes can lead to increased formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), that can play a role in vascular complications. In this cross-sectional study, we determined the association between skin AGEs and microvascular health in patients with COPD. METHODS Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular parameters, including pulmonary function, metabolic and inflammatory parameters, and blood pressure, were obtained in this observational study with patients with COPD. Skin concentrations of AGEs were assessed non-invasively by measuring skin autofluorescence (AF). Retinal vessel analysis was used as a marker of microvascular health. RESULTS 62 patients with COPD (52% males; mean age: 64.4 ± 8.4 years; mean FEV1: 45.0 ± 20.7%pred.) were analysed. Mean skin AF was 2.75 ± 0.64 arbitrary units. Skin AF in patients with COPD was negatively associated with retinal arteriolar diameter (β -0.021, 95% CI -0.040 to -0.002; p = 0.031) and arteriole-to-venular ratio (β -7.233, 95% CI -9.732 to -4.734; p < 0.001) and positively associated with retinal venular diameter (β 0.029, 95% CI 0.019 to 0.038; p < 0.001) after adjustment for sex, age, lung function, pack-years of smoking and conventional cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION We document for the first time that skin AF in patients with COPD is independently associated with retinal arteriolar and venular vessel diameters, biological indicators for microvascular health. This adds to the evidence that AGEs are an accessible marker of microvascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk W Vaes
- Research and Development, CIRO, Horn, the Netherlands; Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium.
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- Research and Development, CIRO, Horn, the Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, the Netherlands; REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frits M E Franssen
- Research and Development, CIRO, Horn, the Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Research and Development, CIRO, Horn, the Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Theunis
- Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
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Wouters EFM, Reynaert NL. Skin autofluorescence: early sign of lung function deterioration? ERJ Open Res 2020; 6:00368-2020. [PMID: 32714966 PMCID: PMC7369460 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00368-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) comprise a heterogeneous group of stable end-products of the non-enzymatic glycation reactions described by Maillard in 1912, in which reduced sugars irreparably modify proteins, lipids and DNA. This is a slow physiological process and accumulation of AGEs is part of normal ageing. Under conditions of hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress, a much faster and more substantial generation of AGEs is induced. The myriad of pathogenic signals AGEs can induce and the fact that enhanced AGE accumulation accompanies a broad spectrum of age-associated chronic inflammatory diseases [1] form the basis of the Maillard theory of ageing [2]. The relationship between SAF and FEV1, DLCO and X5, independent of COPD or diabetes. Will individuals with raised SAF and subclinical lung function alterations develop disease? What mechanisms underlie parenchymal alterations indicated by SAF?https://bit.ly/2YTtdkL
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel F M Wouters
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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38
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Dinsdale G, Wilkinson S, Wilkinson J, Moore TL, Manning JB, Berks M, Marjanovic E, Dickinson M, Herrick AL, Murray AK. State-of-the-art technologies provide new insights linking skin and blood vessel abnormalities in SSc-related disorders. Microvasc Res 2020; 130:104006. [PMID: 32320708 PMCID: PMC7522709 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A key unanswered question in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is how microvascular abnormality and fibrosis inter-relate. Our aim was to use state-of-the-art non-invasive imaging methods to gain new insights into pathophysiology, comparing patients with different subtypes of SSc, including early dcSSc, not only to healthy controls but also to patients with causes of Raynaud's phenomenon not progressing to fibrosis. METHODS Laser Doppler imaging, nailfold capillaroscopy, spectroscopy, and ultrasound measured (respectively) perfusion, microvascular structure, oxygenation/oxidative stress, and skin thickening in the hands of 265 subjects: 31 patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP), 35 with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD), 93 with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), 46 with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc, including 27 'early') and 60 healthy controls. RESULTS Mean perfusion was reduced in SSc groups compared to controls (lcSSc 172 perfusion units [standard deviation 157], late-dcSSc 90 [145], early-dcSSc 68 [137] vs. controls 211 [146]; p = 0.0002) as was finger-oxygenation (lcSSc 12.1 [13.6] arbitrary units [AU], late-dcSSc 12.2 [8.4], early-dcSSc 11.1 [11.3] vs controls 14.9 [10.5]; p = 0.0049). Oxidative stress was increased at the hand-dorsum in SSc groups (p = 0.0007). Perfusion positively correlated with oxygenation (r = 0.23, p < 0.001), and capillary density negatively with skin thickness (r = -0.26, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings lend support to the hypothesis that in SSc, particularly early dcSSc, (but not in PRP or UCTD), reduced perfusion (together with structural microvascular abnormality) associates with reduced oxygenation, with oxidative stress and with skin thickening/fibrosis, most likely driving a vicious cycle which ultimately results in irreversible tissue injury. Findings in skin may mirror alterations in internal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Dinsdale
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Sarah Wilkinson
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Jack Wilkinson
- Centre for Biostatistics, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health The University of Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Tonia L Moore
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Joanne B Manning
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Michael Berks
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Marjanovic
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Mark Dickinson
- Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; The Dept of Physics and Astronomy, Unversity of Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Ariane L Herrick
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Andrea K Murray
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Kunimoto M, Shimada K, Yokoyama M, Matsubara T, Aikawa T, Ouchi S, Shimizu M, Fukao K, Miyazaki T, Kadoguchi T, Fujiwara K, Abulimiti A, Honzawa A, Yamada M, Shimada A, Yamamoto T, Asai T, Amano A, Smit AJ, Daida H. Association between the tissue accumulation of advanced glycation end products and exercise capacity in cardiac rehabilitation patients. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:195. [PMID: 32326893 PMCID: PMC7178950 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are associated with aging, diabetes mellitus (DM), and other chronic diseases. Recently, the accumulation of AGEs can be evaluated by skin autofluorescence (SAF). However, the relationship between SAF levels and exercise capacity in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the tissue accumulation of AGEs and clinical characteristics, including exercise capacity, in patients with CVD. Methods We enrolled 319 consecutive CVD patients aged ≥40 years who underwent early phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR) at our university hospital between November 2015 and September 2017. Patient background, clinical data, and the accumulation of AGEs assessed by SAF were recorded at the beginning of CR. Characteristics were compared between two patient groups divided according to the median SAF level (High SAF and Low SAF). Results The High SAF group was significantly older and exhibited a higher prevalence of DM than the Low SAF group. The sex ratio did not differ between the two groups. AGE levels showed significant negative correlations with peak oxygen uptake and ventilator efficiency (both P < 0.0001). Exercise capacity was significantly lower in the high SAF group than in the low SAF group, regardless of the presence or absence of DM (P < 0.05). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SAF level was an independent factor associated with reduced exercise capacity (odds ratio 2.10; 95% confidence interval 1.13–4.05; P = 0.02). Conclusion High levels of tissue accumulated AGEs, as assessed by SAF, were significantly and independently associated with reduced exercise capacity. These data suggest that measuring the tissue accumulation of AGEs may be useful in patients who have undergone CR, irrespective of whether they have DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Kunimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Fitness, Juntendo University Hospital, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Miho Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Fitness, Juntendo University Hospital, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomomi Matsubara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Aikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shohei Ouchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Megumi Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kosuke Fukao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Miyazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Kadoguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kei Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Abidan Abulimiti
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akio Honzawa
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Fitness, Juntendo University Hospital, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Miki Yamada
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Fitness, Juntendo University Hospital, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akie Shimada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Taira Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tohru Asai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Atsushi Amano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Andries J Smit
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ, Netherlands
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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Omae K, Kurita N, Takahashi S, Fukuma S, Yamamoto Y, Fukuhara S. Association of advanced glycation end-product accumulation with overactive bladder in community-dwelling elderly: A cross-sectional Sukagawa study. Asian J Urol 2020; 8:189-196. [PMID: 33996475 PMCID: PMC8099641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the influence of advanced glycation end-product (AGE) accumulation on the prevalence and severity of overactive bladder (OAB) in community-dwelling elderly adults. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 269 Japanese community dwellers aged ≥75 years in 2015. AGE accumulation was non-invasively measured via skin autofluorescence (SAF) values using AGE Reader. The primary and secondary outcomes were the presence and severity of OAB evaluated using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS). Individuals with an urgency score of ≥2 and sum score of ≥3 were considered to have OAB. The associations of SAF with the prevalence and severity of OAB were assessed using logistic and linear regression models, respectively, adjusted for clinically important confounders. Results The median age of participants was 78 years. Of 269 participants, 110 (40.9%) were men and 75 (27.9%) had OAB. The median SAF was 2.2 arbitrary units (AUs). Increasing median SAF was observed with increasing age. Multivariable analysis revealed that SAF was not associated with either the likelihood of having OAB (odds ratio per AU=0.77, 95% confidence interval: 0.37–1.62) or the natural log-transformed OABSS (β per AU=−0.07, 95% confidence interval: −0.26–0.12). Conclusions In this study, AGE accumulation, as assessed by SAF, was not associated with the prevalence and severity of OAB in Japanese community-dwelling elderly people aged ≥75 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Omae
- Kyoto University, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Fukushima Medical University, Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan.,Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Department of Innovative Research and Education for Clinicians and Trainees, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan.,Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Urology, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kurita
- Fukushima Medical University, Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan.,Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Department of Innovative Research and Education for Clinicians and Trainees, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan.,Fukushima Medical University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Sei Takahashi
- Kyoto University, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Fukushima Medical University, Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shingo Fukuma
- Fukushima Medical University, Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan.,Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Human Health Sciences, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamamoto
- Kyoto University, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuhara
- Kyoto University, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Fukushima Medical University, Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
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Gaar J, Naffa R, Brimble M. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic crosslinks found in collagen and elastin and their chemical synthesis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00624f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This review summarized the enzymatic and non-enzymatic crosslinks found in collagen and elastin and their organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Gaar
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland Central 1010
- New Zealand
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - Rafea Naffa
- New Zealand Leather and Shoe Research Association
- Palmerston North
- New Zealand
| | - Margaret Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland Central 1010
- New Zealand
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
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Mukai H, Svedberg O, Lindholm B, Dai L, Heimbürger O, Barany P, Anderstam B, Stenvinkel P, Qureshi AR. Skin autofluorescence, arterial stiffness and Framingham risk score as predictors of clinical outcome in chronic kidney disease patients: a cohort study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 34:442-448. [PMID: 29378035 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is predicted by Framingham's CVD risk scores (FRS) but the high CVD-related mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is only partially explained by traditional CVD risk markers. Therefore, there is a need to explore whether other CVD risk markers may improve risk prediction. Although arterial stiffness measured by augmentation index (AIx) and tissue content of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) measured by skin autofluorescence (SAF) are two biomarkers that associate with CVD and mortality in CKD, it is not known how they compare with FRS. We evaluated associations between SAF, AIx and FRS, and their associations with CVD and mortality in CKD patients. METHODS SAF (AGE Reader) and AIx (SphygmoCor; adjusted for 75 heart beats per minute) were measured in 261 clinically stable and extensively phenotyped patients with CKD Stage 5 (median age 56 years, 66% male, 20% diabetes; 130 non-dialysed, 93 patients on peritoneal dialysis and 38 patients on haemodialysis). Multivariate receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate Cox models followed by C-statistics were used to evaluate CVD-related and all-cause mortality risk associated with SAF, AIx and FRS during follow-up for median 25 months with 46 deaths. RESULTS In multivariate regression analysis, SAF associated with FRS, haemoglobin, fat body mass index and CVD, and inversely with per cent handgrip strength (HGS). AIx associated with FRS, and inversely with per cent HGS. Associations of SAF and AIx with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), serum albumin, statin therapy and renal replacement therapy were not statistically significant. In ROC analysis, area under the curve (AUC) for CVD mortality ranged from AUC = 0.72 (AIx and FRS, respectively) to AUC = 0.78 (FRS + AIx), and for all-cause mortality from AUC = 0.70 (AIx) to AUC = 0.79 (FRS + AIx). In multivariate Cox analysis, after adjusting for 1-standard deviation (1-SD) of FRS, 1-SD increase of SAF associated with all-cause mortality and 1-SD increase of AIx associated with CVD mortality and all-cause mortality. After further adjustments for hsCRP, albumin and presence of CVD, AIx (but not SAF) remained independently associated with CVD mortality, hazard ratio (HR) 2.14 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.18-3.89] and all-cause mortality, HR 1.74 (95% CI 1.16-2.60). CONCLUSIONS In patients with CKD Stage 5, SAF and aortic stiffness associated with mortality, independently of FRS. After adjusting for additional confounders including inflammation, aortic stiffness remained as an independent predictor of outcome. Since the contribution of SAF and aortic stiffness compared with FRS in ROC curve analysis was relatively modest, this underlines the importance of traditional CVD risk factors in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Mukai
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oskar Svedberg
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Lindholm
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lu Dai
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Heimbürger
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Barany
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Anderstam
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abdul Rashid Qureshi
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jujić A, Östling G, Persson M, Engström G, Nilsson PM, Melander O, Magnusson M. Skin autofluorescence as a measure of advanced glycation end product levels is associated with carotid atherosclerotic plaque burden in an elderly population. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2019; 16:466-473. [PMID: 31064217 DOI: 10.1177/1479164119845319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end product is an established risk marker in diabetic vascular disease, but its possible associations with atherosclerosis in a general population are yet to be investigated. We studied the degree of carotid atherosclerosis and its association with skin autofluorescence in an elderly population. METHODS Carotid ultrasound and skin autofluorescence measurements were performed in a subpopulation within the 'Malmö Diet and Cancer Cardiovascular Cohort' re-examination study (n = 523). Total plaque area including all prevalent plaques in the right carotid artery was calculated. Complete data on all variables were available for 496 subjects (mean age 72 years). RESULTS Each 1 standard deviation increment of skin autofluorescence was associated with increased risk of prevalent large plaques (odds ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.66; p = 0.018) independently of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. The top versus bottom tertile of the skin autofluorescence was associated with an approximately twofold risk of being in the population with the highest plaque burden [top quartile with total plaque area ⩾ 35 mm2 (odds ratio, 1.88; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-3.39; p for trend = 0.027)] in fully adjusted analysis. CONCLUSION In an elderly population, skin autofluorescence was associated with increasing degree of carotid atherosclerosis measured as total plaque area, independently of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amra Jujić
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- 2 Department of Cardiology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gerd Östling
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Margaretha Persson
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Magnusson
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- 2 Department of Cardiology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- 4 Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Mori H, Kuroda A, Ishizu M, Ohishi M, Takashi Y, Otsuka Y, Taniguchi S, Tamaki M, Kurahashi K, Yoshida S, Endo I, Aihara K, Funaki M, Akehi Y, Matsuhisa M. Association of accumulated advanced glycation end-products with a high prevalence of sarcopenia and dynapenia in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2019; 10:1332-1340. [PMID: 30677242 PMCID: PMC6717916 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which are a major cause of diabetic vascular complications, accumulate in various tissues under chronic hyperglycemic conditions, as well as with aging in patients with diabetes. The loss of muscle mass and strength, so-called sarcopenia and dynapenia, has recently been recognized as a diabetic complication. However, the influence of accumulated AGEs on muscle mass and strength remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of sarcopenia and dynapenia with accumulated AGEs in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 166 patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥30 years (mean age 63.2 ± 12.3 years; body mass index 26.3 ± 4.9 kg/m2 ; glycated hemoglobin 7.1 ± 1.1%). Skin autofluorescence as a marker of AGEs, limb skeletal muscle mass index, grip strength, knee extension strength and gait speed were assessed. RESULTS Sarcopenia and dynapenia were observed in 7.2 and 13.9% of participants, respectively. Skin autofluorescence was significantly higher in patients with sarcopenia and dynapenia. Skin autofluorescence was the independent determinant for skeletal muscle mass index, grip strength, knee extension strength, sarcopenia and dynapenia. CONCLUSIONS Accumulated AGEs could contribute to reduced muscle mass and strength, leading to sarcopenia and dynapenia in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Mori
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Akio Kuroda
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Masashi Ishizu
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and MetabolismTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Mami Ohishi
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Yuichi Takashi
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Yinhua Otsuka
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Satoshi Taniguchi
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Motoyuki Tamaki
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Kiyoe Kurahashi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and MetabolismTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Sumiko Yoshida
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and MetabolismTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Itsuro Endo
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology & MetabolismInstitute of Biomedical SciencesTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Ken‐ichi Aihara
- Department of Community Medicine for Diabetes and Metabolic DisordersTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Makoto Funaki
- Clinical Research Center for DiabetesTokushima University HospitalTokushimaJapan
| | - Yuko Akehi
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Munehide Matsuhisa
- Diabetes Therapeutics and Research CenterInstitute of Advanced Medical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
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Fernando ME, Crowther RG, Lazzarini PA, Sangla KS, Wearing S, Buttner P, Golledge J. Within- and Between-Body-Site Agreement of Skin Autofluorescence Measurements in People With and Without Diabetes-Related Foot Disease. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2019; 13:836-846. [PMID: 31204497 PMCID: PMC6955457 DOI: 10.1177/1932296819853555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin autofluorescence has been used to assess longer term glycemic control and risk of complications. There is however no agreed site at which autofluorescence should be measured. This study evaluated the within- and between-site agreement in measurement of skin autofluorescence using a noninvasive advanced glycation end product (AGE) reader. METHODS Overall, 132 participants were included: 16 with diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU), 63 with diabetes but without foot ulcers (DMC), 53 without diabetes or foot ulcers (HC). Skin autofluorescence was measured using the AGE Reader (DiagnOptics technologies BV, the Netherlands). Three consecutive skin autofluorescence measurements were each performed at six different body sites: the volar surfaces of both forearms (arms), dorsal surfaces of both calves (legs), and plantar surfaces of both feet (feet). Within- and between-site agreements were analyzed with concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), absolute mean differences (±standard deviation), and Bland-Altman limits of agreement. RESULTS The agreement between repeat assessments at the same site was almost perfect (CCC [95% CI] ranging from 0.94 [0.91-0.96] for assessments in the right foot to 0.99 [0.99-0.99] for assessments in the left arm). The limits of agreement were narrow within ±0.5 arbitrary units for all sites. The between-site agreement in measurements was poor (CCC < 0.65) with large maximum absolute mean differences (±SD) in arbitrary units (DFU = 3.40 [±2.04]; DMC = 3.15 [±2.45]; HC = 2.72 [±1.83]) and wide limits of agreement. CONCLUSIONS Skin autofluorescence measurements can be repeated at the same site with adequate repeatability but measurements at different sites in the same patient have marked differences. The reason for this variation across sites and whether this has any role in diabetes-related complications needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malindu E. Fernando
- Ulcer and Wound Healing Consortium (UHEAL), Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Jonathan Golledge, M Chir, Director, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, 100 Angus Smith Dr, Douglas QLD 4814, Australia.
| | - Robert G. Crowther
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter A. Lazzarini
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Allied Health Research Collaborative, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Queensland Health, Australia
| | - Kunwarjit S. Sangla
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Townsville Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott Wearing
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Petra Buttner
- Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Ulcer and Wound Healing Consortium (UHEAL), Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Queensland, Australia
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Wan L, Qin G, Yan W, Sun T. Skin Autofluorescence Is Associated with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:387-392. [PMID: 31161820 PMCID: PMC6555182 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects nearly 50% of the diabetic population. Advanced glycation end products, measured through skin autofluorescence (SAF), play an important role in the diagnosis and prevention of DPN. To date, however, no relevant study has discussed the relationship between SAF and the Chinese population. Objective: We conducted this study to evaluate the association between DPN and SAF among the Chinese population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited a total of 820 patients with type 2 diabetes. All of the patients underwent SAF measurements and a nerve conduction study (NCS). Post-SAF characterization, the patients were divided into three groups according to the first and third quartiles of their SAF values (AU) (SAF ≤ 2.2; 2.2 < SAF ≤ 2.7; SAF > 2.7). Based on the results of the NCS, patients were divided into two groups: DPN and non-DPN. Results: When compared with the non-DPN group (n = 275) with the DNP group. The latter had higher SAF values (2.72 ± 0.55 AU vs. 2.17 ± 0.71 AU, P < 0.01). There were significant differences in age, the percentage of DPN, and NCS parameters, including motor nerve conduction velocity, sensory nerve conduction velocity, distal latency, and sensory nerve action potential among the three SAF groups (p < 0.05). The SAF value was positively associated with DPN (r = 0.11, p < 0.01). After adjusting for all potential confounders, the SAF values were still associated with an increased risk of DPN (odds ratio 5.15; 95% confidence interval [1.48-4.53]) (p < 0.01). A receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that an SAF value >2.57 ng/mL predicts a threefold increased risk of DPN (p < 0.01). Conclusions: SAF is an independent risk factor for DPN, which might be of potential value for screening DPN in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wan
- 1 Department of Comprehensive ICU, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- 2 Endocrine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Yan
- 3 Pediatric Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tongwen Sun
- 1 Department of Comprehensive ICU, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Hitsumoto T. Relationships Between Skin Autofluorescence and Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Japanese Male Patients With Metabolic Syndrome. Cardiol Res 2019; 10:172-180. [PMID: 31236180 PMCID: PMC6575114 DOI: 10.14740/cr878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An autofluorescence (AF) reader can be used to noninvasively measure tissues that accumulated advanced glycation end-products to diagnose skin AF. This study aimed to clarify the clinical significance of skin AF as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Japanese male patients with metabolic syndrome using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) as a marker of arterial function. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 261 Japanese male patients with metabolic syndrome without history of cardiovascular disease (mean age, 58 ± 7 years (mean ± standard deviation)). Associations between skin AF and various clinical parameters including CAVI were examined. Results Skin AF was significantly positively correlated with CAVI (r = 0.40, P < 0.001). Furthermore, multiple regression analyses revealed that skin AF (β = 0.18, P = 0.002) was selected as an independent subordinate factor for CAVI. Meanwhile, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as a marker of insulin resistance, smoking habits and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein as an inflammation marker were independent variables for either CAVI or skin AF as a subordinate factor. According to the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis and results of previous reports that determined CAVI of ≥ 9.0 as a diagnostic criterion for vascular failure, skin AF of > 2.7 arbitrary unit is the optimal cut-off point for discriminating high CAVI (area under the curve = 0.718, P < 0.001). Conclusion Findings in this study indicate that skin AF may be an important risk factor of cardiovascular disease in Japanese male patients with metabolic syndrome. In addition, the risk value of skin AF was considered as higher than 2.7 arbitrary unit. Further investigations in a large number of prospective studies, including intervention therapies, are required to validate the results in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hitsumoto
- Hitsumoto Medical Clinic, 2-7-7, Takezakicyou, Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi 750-0025, Japan.
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Feng W, Zhang C, Yu T, Zhu D. Quantitative evaluation of skin disorders in type 1 diabetic mice by in vivo optical imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:2996-3008. [PMID: 31259069 PMCID: PMC6583333 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.002996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes can affect the skin structure as well as the cutaneous vascular permeability. However, effective methods to quantitatively evaluate diabetes-induced skin disorders in vivo are still lacking. Here, we visualized the skin by using in vivo two-photon imaging and quantitatively evaluated the collagen morphology. The results indicated that diabetes could cause a significant reduction in the number of collagen fibers and lead to the disorder of skin collage fibers. And, the classic histological analysis also showed diabetes did lead to the change of skin filamentous structure. Additionally, the Evans Blue dye was used as an indicator to evaluate vascular permeability. We in vivo monitored cutaneous microvascular permeability by combining spectral imaging with the skin optical clearing method. This work is very useful for quantitative evaluation of skin disorders based on in vivo optical imaging, which has a great reference value in the clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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Ravichandran G, Lakshmanan DK, Raju K, Elangovan A, Nambirajan G, Devanesan AA, Thilagar S. Food advanced glycation end products as potential endocrine disruptors: An emerging threat to contemporary and future generation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 123:486-500. [PMID: 30622074 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mankind exposure to chemicals in the past century has increased dramatically throughout environment. There is no question that chemicals interfere with the physiology of biological system. Abundance of chemicals is documented to be detrimental to human and wildlife. The mammalian endocrine system is comprised of many interacting tissues mediate themselves through hormones that are essential for metabolism, growth and development. Humans secrete over fifty different hormones to orchestrate major physiological functions however; these vital functions can be intervened by huge number of internal and external chemical stressors that are identified as endocrine disruptors. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), familiarly known as Maillard products, formed through non-enzymatic glycation whose production is augmented on aging as well as environmental stressors. Processed foods have become very popular today due to their taste, convenience, and inexpensiveness. Manufacture of these day-to-day foods involves extreme temperatures on processing results in the formation of AGEs could independently promote oxidative stress, aging, diabetes, cancer, degenerative diseases, more fascinatingly hormonal disruption is the subject of interest of this review. Based on some substantial observations documented till time, we discuss the emergence of dietary AGEs as potential endocrine disruptors by emphasizing their occurrence, mechanisms and participation in endocrine interruption. Both economically and in terms of human life, AGEs may represent an enormous cost for the future society. Therefore, by explicating their novel role in endocrine diseases, the review strives to make an impact on AGEs and their exposure among public as well as scientific communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guna Ravichandran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Lakshmanan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Karthik Raju
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Abbirami Elangovan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Gayathri Nambirajan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Arul Ananth Devanesan
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, M.P. Negev 85280, Israel
| | - Sivasudha Thilagar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
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van Waateringe RP, Fokkens BT, Slagter SN, van der Klauw MM, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Graaff R, Paterson AD, Smit AJ, Lutgers HL, Wolffenbuttel BHR. Skin autofluorescence predicts incident type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality in the general population. Diabetologia 2019; 62:269-280. [PMID: 30460578 PMCID: PMC6323092 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-018-4769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Earlier studies have shown that skin autofluorescence measured with an AGE reader estimates the accumulation of AGEs in the skin, which increases with ageing and is associated with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. In the present study, we examined whether the measurement of skin autofluorescence can predict 4 year risk of incident type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in the general population. METHODS For this prospective analysis, we included 72,880 participants of the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study, who underwent baseline investigations between 2007 and 2013, had validated baseline skin autofluorescence values available and were not known to have diabetes or CVD. Individuals were diagnosed with incident type 2 diabetes by self-report or by a fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l or HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol (≥6.5%) at follow-up. Participants were diagnosed as having incident CVD (myocardial infarction, coronary interventions, cerebrovascular accident, transient ischaemic attack, intermittent claudication or vascular surgery) by self-report. Mortality was ascertained using the Municipal Personal Records Database. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 4 years (range 0.5-10 years), 1056 participants (1.4%) had developed type 2 diabetes, 1258 individuals (1.7%) were diagnosed with CVD, while 928 (1.3%) had died. Baseline skin autofluorescence was elevated in participants with incident type 2 diabetes and/or CVD and in those who had died (all p < 0.001), compared with individuals who survived and remained free of the two diseases. Skin autofluorescence predicted the development of type 2 diabetes, CVD and mortality, independent of several traditional risk factors, such as the metabolic syndrome, glucose and HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The non-invasive skin autofluorescence measurement is of clinical value for screening for future risk of type 2 diabetes, CVD and mortality, independent of glycaemic measures and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P van Waateringe
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bernardina T Fokkens
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra N Slagter
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie M van der Klauw
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Reindert Graaff
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andries J Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Helen L Lutgers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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