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Hussein M, Saif A, Amin M, Khalafallah O, Hussien A, Aboulsoud S, Mousa S. Plasma Adiponectin and Its Correlation with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Obesity and in Type 2 Diabetes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Nutr Metab 2023; 2023:6661585. [PMID: 37692464 PMCID: PMC10484655 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6661585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods and Results The study included 200 Egyptian subjects. They were divided into four equal groups: group 1: obese patients with NAFLD and T2DM (O+/NAFLD+/DM+), group 2: nonobese patients with NAFLD and T2DM (O-/NAFLD+/DM+), group 3: obese nondiabetic patients with NAFLD (O+/NAFLD+/DM-), and group 4: nonobese healthy control subjects. Plasma adiponectin was measured using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) technique. Ultrasonography was used to diagnose NAFLD. CIMT was assessed using Doppler ultrasonography. Plasma adiponectin was significantly lower and CIMT was significantly higher in O+/NAFLD+/DM+, as compared with O-/NAFLD+/DM+, O+/NAFLD+/DM-, and control subjects (p < 0.001 for all). A significant negative correlation was found between adiponectin and CIMT in obese patients with NAFLD (p < 0.05), but not in patients with NAFLD and T2DM. The significant independent predictors of CIMT were diabetes duration, BMI (body mass index), albumin/creatinine ratio, and cholesterol. Conclusion Plasma adiponectin is inversely correlated with CIMT in obese patients with NAFLD, but not in patients with NAFLD and T2DM. Hypoadiponectinemia could be a good indicator of cardiovascular risk in obese patients with NAFLD, with or without T2DM, but not in nonobese patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Hussein
- Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aasem Saif
- Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona Amin
- Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Osama Khalafallah
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hussien
- Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Shrook Mousa
- Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Sundholm JKM, Litwin L, Rönö K, Koivusalo SB, Eriksson JG, Sarkola T. Ultra-high frequency ultrasound delineated changes in carotid and muscular artery intima-media and adventitia thickness in obese early middle-aged women. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2022; 19:14791641221094321. [PMID: 35637577 PMCID: PMC9160911 DOI: 10.1177/14791641221094321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is linked to increased arterial size, carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness. The effects of obesity and body composition on muscular artery intima-media and adventitia thickness has previously not been established. The aim of this study was to explore associations between carotid and muscular artery wall layer thickness with body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in early middle-aged women. This is a cross-sectional study including 199 women aged 40±4 years. Arterial lumen (LD), intima-media (IMT) and adventitia thickness (AT) were measured from carotid, brachial and radial arteries using ultra-high frequency ultrasound (22-71 MHz). Women with obesity had increased IMT in carotid (0.47 vs 0.45 mm), brachial (0.19 vs 0.17 mm) and radial arteries (0.16 vs 0.15 mm) and increased brachial AT (0.14 vs 0.13 mm). In multiple regression models all arterial LD (β-range 0.02-0.03 mm/kg/m2), IMT (β-range 0.91-3.37 µm/kg/m2), AT (β-range 0.73-1.38 µm/kg/m2) were significantly associated with BMI. The IMT of all arteries were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (β-range 0.36-0.85 µm/mmHg), attenuating the association between IMT and BMI (β-range 0.18-2.24 µm/kg/m2). Obese early middle-aged women have increased arterial intima media thickness and brachial artery adventitia thickness compared to non-obese counterparts. The association between BMI and intima-media thickness is partly mediated through blood pressure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny KM Sundholm
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Johnny KM Sundholm, Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Stenbäckinkatu 9, POB 281, FIN-00029, Helsinki 00029, Finland.
| | - Linda Litwin
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, SMDZ in Zabrze, SUM, Katowice, Poland
| | - Kristiina Rönö
- Women’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saila B Koivusalo
- Women’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Taisto Sarkola
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
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3
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Rouault C, Marcelin G, Adriouch S, Rose C, Genser L, Ambrosini M, Bichet JC, Zhang Y, Marquet F, Aron-Wisnewsky J, Poitou C, André S, Dérumeaux G, Guerre-Millo M, Clément K. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase in subcutaneous adipose tissue associates with altered glycaemic status and truncal fat in severe obesity. Diabetologia 2021; 64:240-254. [PMID: 33125520 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05307-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS Altered adipose tissue secretory profile contributes to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in obesity. Preclinical studies have identified senescent cells as a cellular source of proinflammatory factors in adipose tissue of obese mice. In humans, potential links with obesity comorbidities are poorly defined. Here, we investigated adipose tissue senescent status and relationships with metabolic complications in human obesity. METHODS The study includes a prospective cohort of 227 individuals with severe obesity. A photometric method was used to quantify senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity in paired subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue biopsies obtained during gastric surgery. Gene and secretory profiling was performed in adipose tissue biopsies and in human primary pre-adipocytes in the presence or absence of senolytic drugs targeting senescent cells. Participants were phenotyped for anthropometric and bioclinical variables, metabolic complications and gastric surgery-induced improvement to address relationships with adipose tissue SA-β-gal. RESULTS SA-β-gal activity was sevenfold higher in subcutaneous than in omental adipose tissue and not associated with BMI or chronological age. Several factors, including insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and IL-6, were upregulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue in relation with SA-β-gal (p for linear trend across tertiles <0.05) and in pre-adipocytes cultured with inflammatory macrophage conditioned media. Senolytic treatment reduced SA-β-gal staining and normalised these alterations. In the whole population, subcutaneous adipose tissue SA-β-gal activity was positively associated with serum leptin, markers of insulin resistance and increased trunk fat mass. Metabolic complications, including type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia, were more prevalent in patients with high levels of SA-β-gal, but improved with bariatric surgery whatever the initial adipose tissue senescent status. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study highlights a phenotype of senescence in adipose tissue of severely obese individuals, which characterises prominently subcutaneous fat depots. Subcutaneous adipose tissue senescence is significantly linked to altered glucose metabolism and body fat distribution. Elimination of senescent cells through senolytic treatment could alleviate metabolic complications in severely obese people. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Rouault
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Marcelin
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
| | - Solia Adriouch
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
| | - Cindy Rose
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
| | - Laurent Genser
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Visceral Surgery Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marc Ambrosini
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Bichet
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Chirurgie et Cancérologie Gynécologique et Mammaire, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Inserm U955, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Florian Marquet
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
| | - Judith Aron-Wisnewsky
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Nutrition Department, CRNH Ile de France, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christine Poitou
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Nutrition Department, CRNH Ile de France, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien André
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Dérumeaux
- Inserm U955, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Cardiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, DHU-ATVB, Créteil, France
| | - Michèle Guerre-Millo
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France
| | - Karine Clément
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (Nutriomics), Paris, France.
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Nutrition Department, CRNH Ile de France, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
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4
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are both related to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Early atherosclerotic vascular changes can be detected by non-invasive tests like carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Both cIMT and PWV are significantly impaired in T2DM patients and in obese patients, but the additional effect of T2DM on these vascular measurements in obese subjects has not been evaluated. METHODS Two hundred morbidly obese patients with or without T2DM were enrolled in a prospective cohort study and underwent extensive laboratory testing, including cIMT and PWV measurements. The cohort was divided into a group with and a group without T2DM. RESULTS Within this cohort, 43 patients (21.5%) were diagnosed with T2DM. These patients were older and had more often (a history of) hypertension as compared to patients without T2DM. HbA1c levels were significantly increased, while LDL cholesterol was significantly lower and the use of statins higher than in non-diabetic participants. cIMT and PWV were significantly increased in subjects suffering from T2DM. The variability in cIMT and PWV was related to differences in age and systolic blood pressure, but not to the presence of T2DM. CONCLUSION While T2DM negatively affects the vasculature in morbid obesity, hypertension and age seem to be the major risk factors, independent from the presence of T2DM. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Dutch Trial Register NTR5172 .
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van Mil SR, Biter LU, van de Geijn GJM, Birnie E, Dunkelgrun M, Ijzermans JNM, van der Meulen N, Mannaerts GHH, Castro Cabezas M. The effect of sex and menopause on carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity in morbid obesity. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13118. [PMID: 30972739 PMCID: PMC6617718 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women are relatively protected from cardiovascular disease compared with men. Since morbid obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the current study investigated whether the association between sex and cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes can be demonstrated in subjects suffering from morbid obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred subjects enrolled in a study on cardiovascular risk factors in morbid obesity underwent extensive laboratory screening, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements. Gender differences were analysed using univariate and multivariable linear regression models. In addition, the effect of menopause on cIMT and PWV was analysed. Results of these models were reported as B coefficients with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The group consisted of 52 men and 148 women, with a mean age of 41 (±11.8) years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 42.7 (±5.2) kg/m2 . Both, cIMT and PWV were significantly higher in men than in women, although the difference in cIMT disappeared after adjustment for covariables such as waist circumference, age, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and mean arterial pressure. PWV was associated with sex after adjustments for covariables in morbidly obese patients. Postmenopausal women had significantly increased cIMT and PWV when compared with premenopausal women. CONCLUSION Sex differences in PWV persist in subjects suffering from morbid obesity. However, no difference was found in cIMT between morbidly obese men and women after adjustment for classic cardiovascular risk factors. Premenopausal morbidly obese women are protected for cardiovascular disease when compared with postmenopausal morbidly obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie R van Mil
- Departments of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L Ulas Biter
- Departments of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Erwin Birnie
- Statistics and Education, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Dunkelgrun
- Departments of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan N M Ijzermans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Noelle van der Meulen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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6
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Adipose tissue macrophages do not affect atherosclerosis development in mice. Atherosclerosis 2019; 281:31-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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7
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Al-Domi H, Al-Shorman A. Increased waist circumference is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in schoolchildren. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:264-269. [PMID: 30641709 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waist circumference (WC) is an indicator of adiposity; particularly visceral fat, cardiometabolic risk factors and related morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the attribution of WC to increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and circulating levels of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in schoolchildren. METHODS A total of 122 children (61 boys and 61 girls) aged 10-15 years were distributed into three groups: (i) the lower smoothed sex- and age-specific WC (LWC) group (ii) the middle smoothed sex- and age-specific WC (MWC) group, and (iii) the higher smoothed sex- and age-specific WC (HWC) group. Measurements of cIMT using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound, lipemic profile, blood pressure, serum proinflammatory cytokines and soluble adhesion molecules were performed. RESULTS Mean measured values in the HWC and/or MWC groups showed significantly higher values (p ≤ 0.05) of cIMT (mm), total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), blood pressure, interlukien-6 (IL-6), and interlukien-1 beta (IL-1β), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and E-selectin, and significantly lower values of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as compared to the LWC group. Using multiple linear regression analysis of WC-SDS adjusted for BMI-SDS with the studied subclinical atherosclerosis risk, WC-SDS was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with the variation in HDL (R2 = -0.12), LDL (R2 = 0.36), IL-6 (R2 = 0.26), and VCAM-1 (R2 = 0.26). CONCLUSIONS Higher WC is positively associated with atherosclerosis risk factors including increased cIMT, a state of dyslipidemia, higher blood pressure and circulating levels of inflammation and adhesion molecules among schoolchildren. Waist circumference seems to be useful for the prediction of subclinical atherosclerosis in schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder Al-Domi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
| | - Alaa Al-Shorman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
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8
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Sanchez-Barajas M, Ibarra-Reynoso LDR, Ayala-Garcia MA, Malacara JM. Flow mediated vasodilation compared with carotid intima media thickness in the evaluation of early cardiovascular damage in menopausal women and the influence of biological and psychosocial factors. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2018; 18:153. [PMID: 30236100 PMCID: PMC6149057 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-018-0648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Women after menopause increase risk for cardiovascular disease and several factors may be related. The purpose was to study biological and psychosocial factors associated with early cardiovascular damage in pre- and postmenopausal women, assessed with carotid intima-media thickness vs flow-mediated dilatation. Methods Women 45 to 57 years old were grouped in the pre- (n = 60), early (n = 58) and late post-menopause (n = 59). Anthropometric, metabolic and hormonal data were registered, as well as measures of depression, anxiety, submission, perceived stress, and sleep alterations. Heart Rate Variability was recorded to obtain the information regarding sympathovagal balance. Carotid intima-media thickness and flow-mediated dilatation were assessed by ultrasound. Two-way ANOVA and multiple regression model were used. Results At late postmenopause, the carotid intima-media was thicker (p < 0.001) and flow-mediated dilatation decreased (p < 0.001). Carotid intima-media thickness was associated positively with age (p < 0.001), submission score (p = 0.029), follicle stimulating hormone levels (p < 0.001), and body mass index (p = 0.009). Flow-mediated dilatation was associated only with age (p < 0.001). Regarding heart rate variability, the time domain pNN50 measurement was higher in premenopausal women (p = 0.001), Low Frequency (LF) was higher in the two groups of postmenopausal (p = 0.001) and High Frequency (HF) higher in the early postmenopausal women (p = 0.042). Conclusions Under our conditions carotid intima-media thickness had higher predictive value for early cardiovascular damage at menopause. The finding of the association of the submission score, indicates de influence of stress on vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Sanchez-Barajas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, General Hospital Zone/MF 21, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Guanajuato, León Campus, León, GTO, Mexico
| | | | - Marco Antonio Ayala-Garcia
- Department of General Surgery, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, General Hospital Subzone No 10, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Malacara
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Guanajuato, León Campus, León, GTO, Mexico.
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9
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Correlation between hypertension and common carotid artery intima-media thickness in rural China: a population-based study. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 32:548-554. [DOI: 10.1038/s41371-018-0074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Bertolami A, de Lima-Júnior JC, Cintra RM, Carvalho LS, Gonzaga CDC, Sulzbach ML, Petisco ACGP, Barbosa JEM, Faludi AA, Plutzky J, Bertolami MC, Sposito AC. Adiponectin concentration data improve the estimation of atherosclerotic risk in normal and in overweight subjects. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018; 88:388-396. [PMID: 29280189 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combinations of adipokines and body mass parameters to estimate carotid atherosclerotic disease have not been completely delineated. OBJECTIVE To test the combinations of well-established, easily accessible body mass indices and circulating biomarkers to identify increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in a primary prevention setting. DESIGN AND PATIENTS In a cross-sectional analysis of 339 asymptomatic individuals with no history of cardiovascular events, inflammatory and insulin sensitivity biomarkers as well as adipokine levels were measured and combined with body mass parameters to evaluate the best marker for increased cIMT. RESULTS As isolated parameters, body mass index (BMI) and adiponectin best identified abnormal cIMT (P = .04). Adiponectin levels were also linked to the relationship between BMI and cIMT (β = 0.0371; P = .01). Twenty-nine individuals with increased cIMT were missed by BMI alone but detected by combining BMI and adiponectin measurements. When compared with BMI alone, the combination of adiponectin plus BMI improved the c-statistic (0.549-0.567) and the integrated discrimination improvement index (0.01725; P = .021). Segregation of individuals by the combined use of BMI + adiponectin is associated with significant differences in insulin sensitivity, glomerular filtration rate, systemic inflammatory activity, dyslipidaemia and cIMT. CONCLUSIONS Combining plasma adiponectin measurements and BMI improves estimation of cIMT as compared to anthropometric parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Bertolami
- Department of Dyslipidemia, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José C de Lima-Júnior
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, State University of Campinas School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Riobaldo M Cintra
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, State University of Campinas School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz S Carvalho
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, State University of Campinas School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina de C Gonzaga
- Department of Hypertension, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martha L Sulzbach
- Department of Dyslipidemia, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C G P Petisco
- Echocardiography Department, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José E M Barbosa
- Echocardiography Department, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André A Faludi
- Department of Dyslipidemia, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Plutzky
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcelo C Bertolami
- Department of Dyslipidemia, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, State University of Campinas School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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11
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Alili R, Nivet-Antoine V, Saldmann A, Golmard JL, Cottart CH, Laguillier C, Giral P, Beaudeux JL, Bouillot JL, Poitou C, Clément K, Hébert-Schuster M. Human catalase gene promoter haplotype and cardiometabolic improvement after bariatric surgery. Gene 2018; 656:17-21. [PMID: 29496557 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Although its powerful impact on most co-morbidities has been widely demonstrated, the metabolic outcomes of bariatric surgery (BS) show a great heterogeneity among patients. Haplotypes of one of the major antioxidant enzyme, catalase (CAT), are associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The haplotype referred to as CAT1 includes homozygous carriers of CATH1 [-844G,-89A,-20T], whereas CAT2 haplotype includes heterozygous carriers (CATH1/CATH2) and CATH2 homozygous [-844A,-89T,-20C]. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of CAT1 and CAT2 haplotypes on traditional cardiovascular and metabolic markers one year after BS in a women population. The 294 women with a body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 were followed-up for one year after BS, monitoring their anthropometric, metabolic and inflammatory parameters. CAT1 patients had significantly improved diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and Creactive protein (CRP) levels compared to CAT2 one year after BS. In untreated women at baseline, the change of CRP one year after BS was higher in CAT1 patients. In the population of women receiving at least one anti-lipidic, anti-hypertensive or anti-diabetic treatment at baseline, DBP and fat mass were lower one year after BS in CAT1 patients and the greater change of fat mass was associated with a higher change of adiponectin. The results highlight the beneficial impact of the CAT1 haplotype on traditional cardiovascular and metabolic parameters after BS. Our findings suggest that the CAT1 haplotype could be implicated in the level of metabolic and cardiovascular improvement after BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohia Alili
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart and Metabolism Department, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics, Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie/Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Valérie Nivet-Antoine
- INSERM, UMR S1140, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry A, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Saldmann
- Sorbonne University, Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, France
| | - Jean-Louis Golmard
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biostatistics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Charles-Henry Cottart
- INSERM, U1151, INEM, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry A, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Laguillier
- INSERM, U1148, UFR SMBH, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France
| | - Philippe Giral
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart and Metabolism Department, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics, Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie/Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Beaudeux
- INSERM, U1139, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry A, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bouillot
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General, Digestive and Metabolic Surgery, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Boulogne, France
| | - Christine Poitou
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart and Metabolism Department, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics, Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie/Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Karine Clément
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart and Metabolism Department, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics, Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie/Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Marylise Hébert-Schuster
- INSERM, U1139, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Automated Biological Diagnostic, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
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Ely BR, Clayton ZS, McCurdy CE, Pfeiffer J, Minson CT. Meta-inflammation and cardiometabolic disease in obesity: Can heat therapy help? Temperature (Austin) 2017; 5:9-21. [PMID: 29687041 PMCID: PMC5902218 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2017.1384089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and associated metabolic dysfunction have reached epidemic proportions worldwide. The current theory linking metabolic disease and obesity involves ischemic adipose tissue initiating an inflammatory cascade that results in systemic insulin resistance and may eventually lead to type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes and associated metabolic dysfunction increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and fatal cardiovascular events. By targeting key steps in this process, ischemia and inflammation, this cascade may be prevented or reversed and thus metabolic and cardiovascular health may be preserved in obesity. Regular heat exposure (termed ‘heat therapy’) offers potential to improve cardiometabolic health in obese individuals through a variety of mechanisms that include but are not limited to heat shock proteins, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, and hemodynamic effects. The purpose of this review is to highlight the cardiometabolic decline in obese individuals stemming from adipose tissue dysfunction, and examine the ways in which heat therapy and associated cellular and systemic adaptations can intersect with this decline in function to improve or restore cardiovascular and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett R Ely
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Carrie E McCurdy
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Joshua Pfeiffer
- Peace Health Medical Group, Oregon Bariatric Center, Springfield, OR, USA
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Chen J, Yu H, Chen L, Wu L, Hu B, Bao Y, Jiang L. Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on carotid intima-media thickness in Chinese obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:1530-1535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Elevation in fibroblast growth factor 23 and its value for identifying subclinical atherosclerosis in first-degree relatives of patients with diabetes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34696. [PMID: 27698482 PMCID: PMC5048154 DOI: 10.1038/srep34696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supported an association between diabetes and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). The goal of the present study was to explore alteration in serum FGF23 levels and to assess its value for identifying subclinical atherosclerosis in normoglycemic individuals with a first-degree family history of diabetes (FHD). The study enrolled 312 subjects with a first-degree FHD and 1407 subjects without an FHD. Serum FGF23 levels were detected by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum FGF23 levels were much higher in subjects with a first-degree FHD than in those without an FHD (P = 0.006). A first-degree FHD was positively associated with serum FGF23 levels, independent of C-IMT and cardiovascular factors (both P < 0.05). In subjects with a first-degree FHD, only those with serum FGF23 levels in the upper quartile were more likely to have an increased C-IMT (odds ratio = 2.263, P < 0.05). As conclusions, a first-degree FHD contributes to the increased serum FGF23 levels independently. Subjects with a first-degree FHD need higher serum FGF23 levels to indicate subclinical atherosclerosis. The influence of a first-degree FHD on serum FGF23 levels should be considered to avoid overestimating the risk of cardiovascular disease in normoglycemic individuals with a first-degree FHD.
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Zingg S, Collet TH, Locatelli I, Nanchen D, Depairon M, Bovet P, Cornuz J, Rodondi N. Associations Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Inflammation, and Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis Among Smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2015; 18:1533-8. [PMID: 26574552 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntv255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The high risk of cardiovascular events in smokers requires adequate control of other cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) to curtail atherosclerosis progression. However, it is unclear which CVRFs have the most influence on atherosclerosis progression in smokers. METHODS In 260 smokers aged 40-70 included in a smoking cessation trial, we analyzed the association between traditional CVRFs, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), smoking cessation and 3-year progression of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT, assessed by repeated ultrasound measurements) in a longitudinal multivariate model. RESULTS Participants (mean age 52 years, 47% women) had a mean smoking duration of 32 years with a median daily consumption of 20 cigarettes. Baseline CIMT was 1185 μm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1082-1287) and increased by 93 μm (95% CI: 25-161) and 108 μm (95% CI: 33-183) after 1 and 3 years, respectively. Age, male sex, daily cigarette consumption, systolic blood pressure (SBP), but neither low-density lipoprotein cholesterol nor hs-CRP, were independently associated with baseline CIMT (all P ≤ .05). Baseline SBP, but neither low-density lipoprotein cholesterol nor hs-CRP, was associated with 3-year atherosclerosis progression (P = .01 at 3 years). The higher the SBP at baseline, the steeper was the CIMT increase over 3-year follow-up. We found an increase of 26 μm per each 10-mmHg raise in SBP at 1 year and an increase of 39 μm per each 10 mmHg raise in SBP at 3 years. Due to insufficient statistical power, we could not exclude an effect of smoking abstinence on CIMT progression. CONCLUSION Control of blood pressure may be an important factor to limit atherosclerosis progression in smokers, besides support for smoking cessation. IMPLICATIONS Among 260 smokers aged 40-70 years with a mean smoking duration of 32 years, baseline SBP was associated with atherosclerosis progression over 3 years, as measured by CIMT (P = .01 at 3 years), independently of smoking variables and other CVRFs. The higher the SBP at baseline, the steeper was the CIMT increase over 3-year follow-up. Our findings emphasize the importance of focusing not only on smoking cessation among smokers, but to simultaneously control other CVRFs, particularly blood pressure, in order to prevent future cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Zingg
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tinh-Hai Collet
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabella Locatelli
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Nanchen
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michèle Depairon
- Service of Angiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Bovet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Cornuz
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Rodondi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Ravani A, Werba JP, Frigerio B, Sansaro D, Amato M, Tremoli E, Baldassarre D. Assessment and relevance of carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention. Curr Pharm Des 2015; 21:1164-71. [PMID: 25312737 PMCID: PMC5388799 DOI: 10.2174/1381612820666141013121545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Interventions aimed to prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are more effective if administered to subjects carefully selected according to their CVD risk. Usually, this risk is evaluated on the basis of the presence and severity of conventional vascular risk factors (VRFs); however, atherosclerosis, the main pathologic substrate of CVD, is not directly revealed by VRFs. The measurement of the arterial wall, using imaging techniques, has increased the early identification of individuals prone to develop atherosclerosis and to quantify its changes over time. B-mode ultrasound is a technique which allows a non-invasive assessment of the arterial wall of peripheral arteries (e.g. extracranial carotid arteries), and provides measures of the intima-media thickness complex (C-IMT) and additional data on the occurrence, localization and morphology of plaques. Being an independent predictor of vascular events, C-IMT has been considered as a tool to optimize the estimation of CVD risk but this application is still a matter of debate. Though the technique is innocuous, relatively inexpensive and repeatable, its use in the clinical practice is limited by the lack of standardized protocols and clear guidelines. This review outlines the rationale for the potential use of C-IMT in the stratification of cardio- and cerebro-vascular risk and discusses several topics related to the measurement of this variable, which are still controversial among experts of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Kozakova M, Palombo C, Morizzo C, Højlund K, Hatunic M, Balkau B, Nilsson PM, Ferrannini E. Obesity and carotid artery remodeling. Nutr Diabetes 2015; 5:e177. [PMID: 26302064 PMCID: PMC4558557 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2015.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE The present study tested the hypothesis that obesity-related changes in carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) might represent not only preclinical atherosclerosis but an adaptive remodeling meant to preserve circumferential wall stress (CWS) in altered hemodynamic conditions characterized by body size-dependent increase in stroke volume (SV) and blood pressure (BP). SUBJECTS/METHODS Common carotid artery (CCA) luminal diameter (LD), IMT and CWS were measured in three different populations in order to study: (A) cross-sectional associations between SV, BP, anthropometric parameters and CCA LD (266 healthy subjects with wide range of body weight (24-159 kg)); (B) longitudinal associations between CCA LD and 3-year IMT progression rate (ΔIMT; 571 healthy non-obese subjects without increased cardiovascular (CV) risk); (C) the impact of obesity on CCA geometry and CWS (88 obese subjects without CV complications and 88 non-obese subjects matched for gender and age). RESULTS CCA LD was independently associated with SV that was determined by body size. In the longitudinal study, baseline LD was an independent determinant of ΔIMT, and ΔIMT of subjects in the highest LD quartile was significantly higher (28±3 μm) as compared with those in the lower quartiles (8±3, 16±4 and 16±3 μm, P=0.001, P<0.05 and P=0.01, respectively). In addition, CCA CWS decreased during the observational period in the highest LD quartile (from 54.2±8.6 to 51.6±7.4 kPa, P<0.0001). As compared with gender- and age-matched lean individuals, obese subjects had highly increased CCA LD and BP (P<0.0001 for both), but only slightly higher CWS (P=0.05) due to a significant increase in IMT (P=0.005 after adjustment for confounders). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that in obese subjects, the CCA wall thickens to compensate the luminal enlargement caused by body size-induced increase in SV, and therefore, to normalize the wall stress. CCA diameter in obesity could represent an additional biomarker, depicting the impact of altered hemodynamics on arterial wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kozakova
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Palombo
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Morizzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - K Højlund
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - M Hatunic
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Balkau
- INSERM, CESP, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, University Paris Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - P M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Science, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - E Ferrannini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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C-Peptide Is Independently Associated with an Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in T2DM Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127112. [PMID: 26098780 PMCID: PMC4476669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE C-peptide has been reported to be a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, whereas its role in coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been clarified, especially in diabetics with differing body mass indices (BMIs). DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 501 patients with T2DM. First, all subjects were divided into the following two groups: CAD and non-CAD. Then, binary logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for CAD for all patients. To clarify the role of obesity, we re-divided all subjects into two additional groups (obese and non-obese) based on BMI. Finally, binary logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for CAD for each weight group. RESULTS The patients with CAD showed a higher BMI and fasting C-peptide level in addition to an increased prevalence of traditional risk factors for CAD, such as hypertension, insulin resistance, higher cholesterol, cysteine-C (Cys-C) and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Logistic regression analysis showed that fasting C-peptide (OR=1.513, p=0.005), insulin treatment (OR=1.832, p=0.027) hypertension (OR=1.987, p=0.016) and hyperlipidemia (OR=4.159, p<0.001) significantly increased the risk of clinical CAD in the T2DM patients independent of age, gender, diabetes duration, smoking and alcohol statuses, fasting insulin and glucose, hypoglycemic episodes, UA and eGFR. Additionally, in both of the obese (OR=1.488, p=0.049) and non-obese (OR=1.686, p=0.037) DM groups, C-peptide was associated with an increased risk of CAD after multiple adjustments. CONCLUSIONS C-peptide is associated with an increased CAD risk in T2DM patients, no matter whether they are obese or not.
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Sirbu A, Nicolae H, Martin S, Barbu C, Copaescu C, Florea S, Panea C, Fica S. IGF-1 and Insulin Resistance Are Major Determinants of Common Carotid Artery Thickness in Morbidly Obese Young Patients. Angiology 2015; 67:259-65. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319715586499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the relationship between insulin resistance, serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels, and common carotid intima–media thickness (CC-IMT) in morbidly obese young patients. A total of 249 patients (aged 37.9 ± 9.8 years, body mass index [BMI] 45.6 ± 8.3 kg/m2) were evaluated (metabolic tests, serum IGF-1 measurements, homeostasis model assessment—insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], and ultrasonographically assessed CC-IMT) in a research program for bariatric surgery candidates. After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, systolic blood pressure, uric acid, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment, metabolic syndrome, and metabolic class, both HOMA-IR and IGF-1 z-score were significantly associated with CC-IMT. These results were confirmed in logistic regression analysis, in which age (β = 1.11, P = .001), gender (β = 3.19, P = .001), HOMA-IR (β = 1.221, P = .005), and IGF-1 z-score (β = 1.734, P = .009) were the only independent determinants of abnormal CC-IMT, presumably modulating the effect of the other risk factors included in the regression. Area under the receiver–operating characteristic curve for the model was 0.841 (confidence interval: 0.776-0.907; P < .001). In conclusion, in morbidly obese young adults, insulin resistance and IGF-1 z-score are significantly associated with CC-IMT, independent of other major cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Sirbu
- Endocrinology Department, Elias University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Victor Babes Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Nicolae
- Neurology Department, Elias University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorina Martin
- Endocrinology Department, Elias University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Barbu
- Endocrinology Department, Elias University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Suzana Florea
- Endocrinology Department, Elias University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Panea
- Neurology Department, Elias University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Fica
- Endocrinology Department, Elias University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Lipid-overloaded enlarged adipocytes provoke insulin resistance independent of inflammation. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 35:1686-99. [PMID: 25733684 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01321-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In obesity, adipocyte hypertrophy and proinflammatory responses are closely associated with the development of insulin resistance in adipose tissue. However, it is largely unknown whether adipocyte hypertrophy per se might be sufficient to provoke insulin resistance in obese adipose tissue. Here, we demonstrate that lipid-overloaded hypertrophic adipocytes are insulin resistant independent of adipocyte inflammation. Treatment with saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids resulted in adipocyte hypertrophy, but proinflammatory responses were observed only in adipocytes treated with saturated fatty acids. Regardless of adipocyte inflammation, hypertrophic adipocytes with large and unilocular lipid droplets exhibited impaired insulin-dependent glucose uptake, associated with defects in GLUT4 trafficking to the plasma membrane. Moreover, Toll-like receptor 4 mutant mice (C3H/HeJ) with high-fat-diet-induced obesity were not protected against insulin resistance, although they were resistant to adipose tissue inflammation. Together, our in vitro and in vivo data suggest that adipocyte hypertrophy alone may be crucial in causing insulin resistance in obesity.
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Guerre-Millo M, Poitou C. Response to comment on Dalmas et al. Intima-media thickness in severe obesity: links with BMI and metabolic status but not with systemic or adipose tissue inflammation. Diabetes care 2013;36:3793-3802. Diabetes Care 2014; 37:e119. [PMID: 24757245 DOI: 10.2337/dc14-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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22
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Dogru T, Sertoglu E, Gurel H, Celebi G. Comment on Dalmas et al. Intima-media thickness in severe obesity: links with BMI and metabolic status but not with systemic or adipose tissue inflammation. Diabetes care 2013;36:3793-3802. Diabetes Care 2014; 37:e118. [PMID: 24757244 DOI: 10.2337/dc13-2730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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