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de Cavanagh EMV, Inserra F, Ferder L. Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors positively impact on multiple aging regulatory pathways: Could they be used to protect against human aging? Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16094. [PMID: 38924381 PMCID: PMC11200104 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-a classical blood pressure regulator-largely contributes to healthy organ development and function. Besides, RAS activation promotes age-related changes and age-associated diseases, which are attenuated/abolished by RAS-blockade in several mammalian species. RAS-blockers also increase rodent lifespan. In previous work, we discussed how RAS-blockade downregulates mTOR and growth hormone/IGF-1 signaling, and stimulates AMPK activity (together with klotho, sirtuin, and vitamin D-receptor upregulation), and proposed that at least some of RAS-blockade's aging benefits are mediated through regulation of these intermediaries and their signaling to mitochondria. Here, we included RAS-blockade's impact on other aging regulatory pathways, that is, TGF-ß, NF-kB, PI3K, MAPK, PKC, Notch, and Wnt, all of which affect mitochondria. No direct evidence is available on RAS/RAS-blockade-aging regulatory pathway-mitochondria interactions. However, existing results allow to conjecture that RAS-blockers neutralize mitochondrial dysfunction by acting on the discussed pathways. The reviewed evidence led us to propose that the foundation is laid for conducting clinical trials aimed at testing whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB)-even at subclinical doses-offer the possibility to live longer and in better health. As ACEi and ARB are low cost and well-tolerated anti-hypertension therapies in use for over 35 years, investigating their administration to attenuate/prevent aging effects seems simple to implement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe Inserra
- Department of MedicineMaimonides UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
- Master of Vascular Mechanics and Arterial Hypertension, Postgraduate DepartmentAustral UniversityPilarArgentina
| | - León Ferder
- Department of MedicineMaimonides UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
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2
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Zong Y, Li H, Liao P, Chen L, Pan Y, Zheng Y, Zhang C, Liu D, Zheng M, Gao J. Mitochondrial dysfunction: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:124. [PMID: 38744846 PMCID: PMC11094169 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, with their intricate networks of functions and information processing, are pivotal in both health regulation and disease progression. Particularly, mitochondrial dysfunctions are identified in many common pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. However, the multifaceted nature and elusive phenotypic threshold of mitochondrial dysfunction complicate our understanding of their contributions to diseases. Nonetheless, these complexities do not prevent mitochondria from being among the most important therapeutic targets. In recent years, strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have continuously emerged and transitioned to clinical trials. Advanced intervention such as using healthy mitochondria to replenish or replace damaged mitochondria, has shown promise in preclinical trials of various diseases. Mitochondrial components, including mtDNA, mitochondria-located microRNA, and associated proteins can be potential therapeutic agents to augment mitochondrial function in immunometabolic diseases and tissue injuries. Here, we review current knowledge of mitochondrial pathophysiology in concrete examples of common diseases. We also summarize current strategies to treat mitochondrial dysfunction from the perspective of dietary supplements and targeted therapies, as well as the clinical translational situation of related pharmacology agents. Finally, this review discusses the innovations and potential applications of mitochondrial transplantation as an advanced and promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zong
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yao Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yongqiang Zheng
- Sixth People's Hospital Fujian, No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Minghao Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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3
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Fleischman JY, Casey JL, Meijer JL, Treutelaar MK, Rajendiran TM, Soni T, Evans CR, Burant CF. Sex modulates the diet-induced changes to the plasma lipidome in a rat model of cardiorespiratory fitness. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159451. [PMID: 38191091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with higher intrinsic cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) experience decreased rates of cardiometabolic disease and mortality, and high CRF is associated with increased utilization of fatty acids (FAs) for energy. Studies suggest a complex relationship between CRF, diet, and sex with health outcomes, but this interaction is understudied. We hypothesized that FA utilization differences by fitness and sex could be detected in the plasma metabolome when rats or humans were fed a high carbohydrate (HC) or high fat (HF) diet. METHODS Male and female rats selectively bred for low (LCR) and high (HCR) CRF were fed a chow diet or a sucrose-free HF (45 % fat) or HC (10 % fat) diet. Plasma samples were collected at days 0, 3, and 14. Human plasma data was collected from male and female participants who were randomized into a HC or HF diet for 21 days. Samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and regression statistics were used to quantify the effect of diet, CRF, and sex on the lipidome. RESULTS In rats, the baseline lipidome is more significantly influenced by sex than by CRF, especially as elevated diglycerides, triglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, and lysophosphatidylcholines in males. A dynamic response to diet was observed 3 days after diet, but after 14 days of either diet, the lipidome was modulated by sex with a larger effect size than by diet. Data from the human study also suggests a sex-dependent response to diet with opposite directionality of affect compared to rats, highlighting species-dependent responses to dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Y Fleischman
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - James L Casey
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Weight and Wellness Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America; Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Mary K Treutelaar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Thekkelnaycke M Rajendiran
- Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Tanu Soni
- Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Charles R Evans
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Charles F Burant
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
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4
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Lu Y, Xu J, Li Y, Wang R, Dai C, Zhang B, Zhang X, Xu L, Tao Y, Han M, Guo R, Wu Q, Wu L, Meng Z, Tan M, Li J. DRAK2 suppresses autophagy by phosphorylating ULK1 at Ser 56 to diminish pancreatic β cell function upon overnutrition. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eade8647. [PMID: 38324636 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade8647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Impeded autophagy can impair pancreatic β cell function by causing apoptosis, of which DAP-related apoptosis-inducing kinase-2 (DRAK2) is a critical regulator. Here, we identified a marked up-regulation of DRAK2 in pancreatic tissue across humans, macaques, and mice with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Further studies in mice showed that conditional knockout (cKO) of DRAK2 in pancreatic β cells protected β cell function against high-fat diet feeding along with sustained autophagy and mitochondrial function. Phosphoproteome analysis in isolated mouse primary islets revealed that DRAK2 directly phosphorylated unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) at Ser56, which was subsequently found to induce ULK1 ubiquitylation and suppress autophagy. ULK1-S56A mutation or pharmacological inhibition of DRAK2 preserved mitochondrial function and insulin secretion against lipotoxicity in mouse primary islets, Min6 cells, or INS-1E cells. In conclusion, these findings together indicate an indispensable role of the DRAK2-ULK1 axis in pancreatic β cells upon metabolic challenge, which offers a potential target to protect β cell function in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Ruoran Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Chengqiu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bingqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, P. R. China
| | - Yunhua Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Ming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Ren Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Qingqian Wu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Linshi Wu
- Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 201112, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoxian Meng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jingya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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5
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Chen C, Wang J, Zhu X, Hu J, Liu C, Liu L. Energy metabolism and redox balance: How phytochemicals influence heart failure treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116136. [PMID: 38215694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart Failure (HF) epitomizes a formidable global health quandary characterized by marked morbidity and mortality. It has been established that severe derangements in energy metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of HF, culminating in an inadequate cardiac energy milieu, which, in turn, precipitates cardiac pump dysfunction and systemic energy metabolic failure, thereby steering the trajectory and potential recuperation of HF. The conventional therapeutic paradigms for HF predominantly target amelioration of heart rate, and cardiac preload and afterload, proffering symptomatic palliation or decelerating the disease progression. However, the realm of therapeutics targeting the cardiac energy metabolism remains largely uncharted. This review delineates the quintessential characteristics of cardiac energy metabolism in healthy hearts, and the metabolic aberrations observed during HF, alongside the associated metabolic pathways and targets. Furthermore, we delve into the potential of phytochemicals in rectifying the redox disequilibrium and the perturbations in energy metabolism observed in HF. Through an exhaustive analysis of recent advancements, we underscore the promise of phytochemicals in modulating these pathways, thereby unfurling a novel vista on HF therapeutics. Given their potential in orchestrating cardiac energy metabolism, phytochemicals are emerging as a burgeoning frontier for HF treatment. The review accentuates the imperative for deeper exploration into how these phytochemicals specifically intervene in cardiac energy metabolism, and the subsequent translation of these findings into clinical applications, thereby broadening the horizon for HF treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xueying Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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6
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Eggelbusch M, Charlton BT, Bosutti A, Ganse B, Giakoumaki I, Grootemaat AE, Hendrickse PW, Jaspers Y, Kemp S, Kerkhoff TJ, Noort W, van Weeghel M, van der Wel NN, Wesseling JR, Frings-Meuthen P, Rittweger J, Mulder ER, Jaspers RT, Degens H, Wüst RCI. The impact of bed rest on human skeletal muscle metabolism. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101372. [PMID: 38232697 PMCID: PMC10829795 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility decrease in response to bed rest, but the temporal and causal adaptations in human skeletal muscle metabolism are not fully defined. Here, we use an integrative approach to assess human skeletal muscle metabolism during bed rest and provide a multi-system analysis of how skeletal muscle and the circulatory system adapt to short- and long-term bed rest (German Clinical Trials: DRKS00015677). We uncover that intracellular glycogen accumulation after short-term bed rest accompanies a rapid reduction in systemic insulin sensitivity and less GLUT4 localization at the muscle cell membrane, preventing further intracellular glycogen deposition after long-term bed rest. We provide evidence of a temporal link between the accumulation of intracellular triglycerides, lipotoxic ceramides, and sphingomyelins and an altered skeletal muscle mitochondrial structure and function after long-term bed rest. An intracellular nutrient overload therefore represents a crucial determinant for rapid skeletal muscle insulin insensitivity and mitochondrial alterations after prolonged bed rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Eggelbusch
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Braeden T Charlton
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Bergita Ganse
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Clinics and Institutes of Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ifigenia Giakoumaki
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Anita E Grootemaat
- Electron Microscopy Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul W Hendrickse
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Yorrick Jaspers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Kemp
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J Kerkhoff
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy Noort
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole N van der Wel
- Electron Microscopy Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julia R Wesseling
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Petra Frings-Meuthen
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Edwin R Mulder
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard T Jaspers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Degens
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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7
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Garcia-Gaona E, García-Gregorio A, García-Jiménez C, López-Olaiz MA, Mendoza-Ramírez P, Fernandez-Guzman D, Pillado-Sánchez RA, Soto-Pacheco AD, Yareni-Zuñiga L, Sánchez-Parada MG, González-Santiago AE, Román-Pintos LM, Castañeda-Arellano R, Hernández-Ortega LD, Mercado-Sesma AR, Orozco-Luna FDJ, Villa-Angulo C, Villa-Angulo R, Baptista-Rosas RC. mtDNA Single-Nucleotide Variants Associated with Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8716-8732. [PMID: 37998725 PMCID: PMC10670651 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic systemic disease with a complex etiology, characterized by insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in various cell tissues. To explore this relationship, we conducted a secondary analysis of complete mtDNA sequences from 1261 T2D patients and 1105 control individuals. Our findings revealed significant associations between certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and T2D. Notably, the variants m.1438A>G (rs2001030) (controls: 32 [27.6%], T2D: 84 [72.4%]; OR: 2.46; 95%CI: 1.64-3.78; p < 0.001), m.14766C>T (rs193302980) (controls: 498 [36.9%], T2D: 853 [63.1%]; OR: 2.57, 95%CI: 2.18-3.04, p < 0.001), and m.16519T>C (rs3937033) (controls: 363 [43.4%], T2D: 474 [56.6%]; OR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.05-1.47, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with the likelihood of developing diabetes. The variant m.16189T>C (rs28693675), which has been previously documented in several studies across diverse populations, showed no association with T2D in our analysis (controls: 148 [13.39] T2D: 171 [13.56%]; OR: 1.03; 95%CI: 0.815-1.31; p = 0.83). These results provide evidence suggesting a link between specific mtDNA polymorphisms and T2D, possibly related to association rules, topological patterns, and three-dimensional conformations associated with regions where changes occur, rather than specific point mutations in the sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Garcia-Gaona
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72420, Mexico;
| | - Alhelí García-Gregorio
- Facultad de Enfermería Región Poza Rica-Tuxpan, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91700, Mexico;
| | - Camila García-Jiménez
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas “Dr. Ignacio Chávez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58000, Mexico;
| | | | - Paola Mendoza-Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72420, Mexico;
| | | | | | - Axel David Soto-Pacheco
- Facultad de Medicina Extensión Los Mochis, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Sinaloa 81223, Mexico; (R.A.P.-S.); (A.D.S.-P.)
| | - Laura Yareni-Zuñiga
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud-Enfermedad como Proceso Individual, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (L.Y.-Z.); (L.M.R.-P.); (A.R.M.-S.)
| | - María Guadalupe Sánchez-Parada
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (M.G.S.-P.); (A.E.G.-S.); (R.C.-A.); (L.D.H.-O.)
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico
| | - Ana Elizabeth González-Santiago
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (M.G.S.-P.); (A.E.G.-S.); (R.C.-A.); (L.D.H.-O.)
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico
| | - Luis Miguel Román-Pintos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud-Enfermedad como Proceso Individual, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (L.Y.-Z.); (L.M.R.-P.); (A.R.M.-S.)
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico
| | - Rolando Castañeda-Arellano
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (M.G.S.-P.); (A.E.G.-S.); (R.C.-A.); (L.D.H.-O.)
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico
| | - Luis Daniel Hernández-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (M.G.S.-P.); (A.E.G.-S.); (R.C.-A.); (L.D.H.-O.)
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico
| | - Arieh Roldán Mercado-Sesma
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud-Enfermedad como Proceso Individual, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (L.Y.-Z.); (L.M.R.-P.); (A.R.M.-S.)
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Villa-Angulo
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biofotónica, Instituto de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico; (C.V.-A.); (R.V.-A.)
| | - Rafael Villa-Angulo
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biofotónica, Instituto de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico; (C.V.-A.); (R.V.-A.)
| | - Raúl C. Baptista-Rosas
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud-Enfermedad como Proceso Individual, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; (L.Y.-Z.); (L.M.R.-P.); (A.R.M.-S.)
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico
- Hospital General de Occidente, Secretaría de Salud Jalisco, Zapopan 45170, Mexico
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8
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Liu B, Meng Q, Gao X, Sun H, Xu Z, Wang Y, Zhou H. Lipid and glucose metabolism in senescence. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1157352. [PMID: 37680899 PMCID: PMC10481967 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1157352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence is an inevitable biological process. Disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism are essential features of cellular senescence. Given the important roles of these types of metabolism, we review the evidence for how key metabolic enzymes influence senescence and how senescence-related secretory phenotypes, autophagy, apoptosis, insulin signaling pathways, and environmental factors modulate glucose and lipid homeostasis. We also discuss the metabolic alterations in abnormal senescence diseases and anti-cancer therapies that target senescence through metabolic interventions. Our work offers insights for developing pharmacological strategies to combat senescence and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qingfei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huihui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Honglan Zhou
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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9
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Al-Rawaf HA, Gabr SA, Iqbal A, Alghadir AH. High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Glycemic Control, Cellular Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress of Type 2 Diabetic Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1320. [PMID: 37512131 PMCID: PMC10384171 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Physical exercise is an important therapeutic modality for treating and managing diabetes. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is considered one of the best non-drug strategies for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and function. This study aimed to determine the effects of 12 weeks of HIIT training on the expression of tumor suppressor protein-p53, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX), and oxidative stress in patients with T2DM. Methods: A total of thirty male sedentary patients aged (45-60 years) were diagnosed with established T2DM for more than five years. Twenty healthy volunteers, age- and sex-matched, were included in this study. Both patients and control subjects participated in the HIIT program for 12 weeks. Glycemic control variables including p53 (U/mL), COX (ng/mL), total antioxidant capacity (TAC, nmole/µL), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, ng/mL), as well as genomic and mitochondrial DNA content were measured in both the serum and muscle tissues of control and patient groups following exercise training. Results: There were significant improvements in fasting glucose levels. HbA1c (%), HOMA-IR (mUmmol/L2), fasting insulin (µU/mL), and C-peptide (ng/mL) were reported in T2DM and healthy controls. A significant decrease was also observed in p53 protein levels. COX, 8-OhdG, and an increase in the level of TAC were reported in T2DM following 12 weeks of HIIT exercise. Before and after exercise, p53; COX, mt-DNA content, TAC, and 8-OhdG showed an association with diabetic control parameters such as fasting glucose (FG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C, %), C-peptide, fasting insulin (FI), and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with T2DM. These findings support the positive impact of HIIT exercise in improving regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and subsequent control of diabetes through anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative pathways. Conclusions: A 12-week HIIT program significantly improves diabetes by reducing insulin resistance; regulating mitochondrial biogenesis; and decreasing oxidative stress capacity among patients and healthy controls. Also; p53 protein expression; COX; 8-OhdG; and TAC and mt-DNA content were shown to be associated with T2DM before and after exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel A. Al-Rawaf
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sami A. Gabr
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.G.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Amir Iqbal
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.G.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.G.); (A.H.A.)
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10
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Dong Y, Vipin VA, Blesson CS, Yallampalli C. Impact of adrenomedullin on mitochondrial respiratory capacity in human adipocyte. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9578. [PMID: 37311963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function in adipocyte is an important aspect in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Our previous observation showed that circulating levels of adrenomedullin (ADM) and mRNA and protein for ADM in omental adipose tissue were higher in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and these alterations are accompanied by glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation, but the impact of ADM on mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in human adipocyte remain elusive. The present study demonstrated that: (1) Increasing doses of glucose and ADM inhibit human adipocyte mRNA expressions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of electron transport chain, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ND) 1 and 2, cytochrome (CYT) b, as well as ATPase 6; (2) ADM significantly increases human adipocyte mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and this increase is reversed by ADM antagonist, ADM22-52, but treatment with ADM does not significantly affect mitochondrial contents in the adipocytes; (3) Adipocyte basal and maximal oxygen consumption rate are dose-dependently suppressed by ADM, thus results in impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity. We conclude that elevated ADM observed in diabetic pregnancy may be involved in glucose and lipid dysregulation through compromising adipocyte mitochondrial function, and blockade of ADM action may improve GDM-related glucose and adipose tissue dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Dong
- Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Room #1850.34, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vidyadharan Alukkal Vipin
- Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Room #1850.34, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chellakkan Selvanesan Blesson
- Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Room #1850.34, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chandrasekhar Yallampalli
- Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Room #1850.34, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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11
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Chen JS, Xie PF, Feng H. The role of exercise in improving hyperlipidemia-renal injuries induced by a high-fat diet: a literature review. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15435. [PMID: 37283893 PMCID: PMC10239619 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A diet that is high in sugar and fat is a precursor to various chronic diseases, especially hyperlipidemia. Patients with hyperlipidemia have increased levels of plasma free fatty acids and an ectopic accumulation of lipids. The kidney is one of the main organs affected by this disease and, recently, there have been more studies conducted on renal injury caused by hyperlipidemia. The main pathological mechanism is closely related to renal lipotoxicity. However, in different kidney cells, the reaction mechanism varies due to the different affinities of the lipid receptors. At present, it is believed that in addition to lipotoxicity, hyperlipidemia induced-renal injury is also closely related to oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammatory reactions, which are the result of multiple factors. Exercise plays an important role in the prevention of various chronic diseases and recently emerging researches indicated its positive effects to renal injury caused by hyperlipidemia. However, there are few studies summarizing the effects of exercise on this disease and the specific mechanisms need to be further explored. This article summarizes the mechanisms of hyperlipidemia induced-renal injury at the cellular level and discusses the ways in which exercise may regulate it. The results provide theoretical support and novel approaches for identifying the intervention target to treat hyperlipidemia induced-renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shunzi Chen
- Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Physical Education, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Fei Xie
- Guizhou Institute of Sports Science, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hong Feng
- Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
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12
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Du Q, Wu X, Ma K, Liu W, Liu P, Hayashi T, Mizuno K, Hattori S, Fujisaki H, Ikejima T. Silibinin alleviates ferroptosis of rat islet β cell INS-1 induced by the treatment with palmitic acid and high glucose through enhancing PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023:109644. [PMID: 37245586 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is induced by the abundance of glucose and lipids, which causes glucolipotoxicity to the pancreatic β-cells. Silibinin is a natural flavonoid possessing the regulatory activity on insulin production and therapeutic activity in diabetic mice; however, its effect on glucolipotoxicity is not fully explained. This in vitro study investigates the effects of silibinin on palmitic acid (PA) and high glucose (HG)-induced cell loss and ferroptosis of rat insulinoma INS-1 cells. In the cells treated with PA and HG, expressions of glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) and carnitine acyltransferase I (CPT1) for β-oxidation of fatty acids are reduced. Mitochondria are the metabolic organelles for glucose and fatty acids. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP production were decreased, while the ROS level was elevated in the cells treated with PA and HG, indicating an induction of mitochondrial disorder. Cell loss was partially rescued by ferroptosis inhibition, suggesting an involvement of ferroptosis in the cells treated with PA and HG. More importantly, the increases in total iron, lipid ROS, MDA and COX-2, and the decrease in ferroptosis inhibitory molecules GSH, GPX4 and FSP1 appeared in the cells treated with PA and HG, confirming the occurrence of ferroptosis. Moreover, PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy, a vital process for selective elimination of damaged mitochondria, was blocked. Interestingly, silibinin rescued the mitochondria, restricted the ferroptosis and restored the mitophagy. By using the pharmacological stimulator and inhibitor of mitophagy, and si-RNA transfection to silence PINK1 expression, silibinin's protective effect against ferroptosis caused by PA and HG treatment was found to depend on mitophagy. Collectively, our current study reveals the new mechanisms for the protection of silibinin against the injury of INS-1 cells treated with PA and HG, elucidates the participation of ferroptosis in glucolipotoxicity, highlighting the involvement of mitophagy in defense against ferroptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Du
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Panwen Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China; Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujisaki
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning, China.
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13
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Rodríguez-Mesa XM, Contreras Bolaños LA, Mejía A, Pombo LM, Modesti Costa G, Santander González SP. Immunomodulatory Properties of Natural Extracts and Compounds Derived from Bidens pilosa L.: Literature Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051491. [PMID: 37242733 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. has been used in different parts of the world mainly to treat diseases associated with immune response disorders, such as autoimmunity, cancer, allergies, and infectious diseases. The medicinal properties of this plant are attributed to its chemical components. Nevertheless, there is little conclusive evidence that describes the immunomodulatory activity of this plant. In this review, a systematic search was carried out in the PubMed-NLM, EBSCO Host and BVS databases focused on the pre-clinical scientific evidence of the immunomodulatory properties of B. pilosa. A total of 314 articles were found and only 23 were selected. The results show that the compounds or extracts of Bidens modulate the immune cells. This activity was associated with the presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids that control proliferation, oxidative stress, phagocytosis, and the production of cytokines of different cells. Most of the scientific information analyzed in this paper supports the potential use of B. pilosa mainly as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumoral, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial immune response modulator. It is necessary that this biological activity be corroborated through the design of specialized clinical trials that demonstrate the effectiveness in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and infectious diseases. Until now there has only been one clinical trial in phase I and II associated with the anti-inflammatory activity of Bidens in mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xandy Melissa Rodríguez-Mesa
- Phytoimmunomodulation Research Group, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá Carrera 111 #159A-61, Bogota 111321, Colombia
| | | | - Antonio Mejía
- Phytoimmunomodulation Research Group, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá Carrera 111 #159A-61, Bogota 111321, Colombia
- Plant Pharmacology and Alternative Therapeutics, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá Carrera 111 #159A-61, Bogota 111321, Colombia
| | - Luis Miguel Pombo
- Plant Pharmacology and Alternative Therapeutics, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá Carrera 111 #159A-61, Bogota 111321, Colombia
| | - Geison Modesti Costa
- Phytochemistry Research Group (GIFUJ), Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá Carrera 7 #40-62, Bogota 110231, Colombia
| | - Sandra Paola Santander González
- Phytoimmunomodulation Research Group, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá Carrera 111 #159A-61, Bogota 111321, Colombia
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14
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Dong Y, Vipin VA, Blesson CS, Yallampalli C. Impact of Adrenomedullin on Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity in Human Adipocyte. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2600140. [PMID: 36945563 PMCID: PMC10029071 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2600140/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
For metabolic homeostasis adequate mitochondrial function in adipocytes is essential. Our previous observation showed that circulating levels of adrenomedullin (ADM) and mRNA and protein for ADM in omental adipose tissue were higher in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with normal pregnancy, and these alterations are accompanied by glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation, but the impact of ADM on mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in human adipocyte remain elusive. In this study we demonstrated that: (1) Increasing doses of glucose and ADM inhibit human adipocyte mRNA expressions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of electron transport chain (ETC), including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ND) 1 and 2, cytochrome (CYT) b, as well as ATPase 6; (2) ADM significantly increases human adipocyte mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and this increase is reversed by ADM antagonist, ADM22-52, but does not significantly affect adipocyte mitochondrial contents; (3) Adipocyte basal and maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) are dose-dependently suppressed by ADM, and results in impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity. We conclude that elevatedADM observed in diabetic pregnancy may be involved in glucose and lipid dysregulation through compromising adipocyte mitochondrial function, and blockade of ADM actions in adipocytes may improve GDM-related metabolic complications.
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15
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Goh J, Wong E, Soh J, Maier AB, Kennedy BK. Targeting the molecular & cellular pillars of human aging with exercise. FEBS J 2023; 290:649-668. [PMID: 34968001 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biological aging is the main driver of age-associated chronic diseases. In 2014, the United States National Institute of Aging (NIA) sponsored a meeting between several investigators in the field of aging biology, who identified seven biological pillars of aging and a consensus review, "Geroscience: Linking Aging to Chronic Disease," was published. The pillars of aging demonstrated the conservation of aging pathways in diverse model organisms and thus represent a useful framework with which to study human aging. In this present review, we revisit the seven pillars of aging from the perspective of exercise and discuss how regular physical exercise can modulate these pillars to stave off age-related chronic diseases and maintain functional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorming Goh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.,Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Esther Wong
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.,Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Janjira Soh
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Andrea Britta Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.,Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brian Keith Kennedy
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.,Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
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16
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Tian C, Qiu M, Lv H, Yue F, Zhou F. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Serum Reveals MST1 as a Potential Candidate Biomarker in Spontaneously Diabetic Cynomolgus Monkeys. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46702-46716. [PMID: 36570245 PMCID: PMC9774375 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is increasing globally, creating essential demands for T2DM animal models for the study of disease pathogenesis, prevention, and therapy. A non-human primate model such as cynomolgus monkeys can develop T2DM spontaneously in an age-dependent way similar to humans. In this study, a data-independent acquisition-based quantitative proteomics strategy was employed to investigate the serum proteomic profiles of spontaneously diabetic cynomolgus monkeys compared with healthy controls. The results revealed significant differences in protein abundances. A total of 95 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were quantitatively identified in the current study, among which 31 and 64 proteins were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that carbohydrate digestion and absorption was the top enriched pathway by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction network analysis demonstrated that MST1 was identified as the most connected protein in the network and could be considered as the hub protein. MST1 was significantly and inversely associated with FSG and HbA1c. Furthermore, recent lines of evidence also indicate that MST1 acts as a crucial regulator in regulating hepatic gluconeogenesis to maintain metabolic homeostasis while simultaneously suppressing the inflammatory processes. In conclusion, our study provides novel insights into serum proteome changes in spontaneously diabetic cynomolgus monkeys and points out that the dysregulation of several DEPs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Tian
- Key
Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of
Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- One
Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Mingyin Qiu
- Animal
Experiment Department, Hainan Jingang Biotech
Co., Ltd., Haikou, Hainan 571100, China
| | - Haizhou Lv
- Animal
Experiment Department, Hainan Jingang Biotech
Co., Ltd., Haikou, Hainan 571100, China
| | - Feng Yue
- Key
Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of
Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- One
Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Feifan Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of
Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- One
Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
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17
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Barahona I, Rada P, Calero-Pérez S, Grillo-Risco R, Pereira L, Soler-Vázquez MC, LaIglesia LM, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Herrero L, Serra D, García-Monzon C, González-Rodriguez Á, Balsinde J, García-García F, Valdecantos MP, Valverde ÁM. Ptpn1 deletion protects oval cells against lipoapoptosis by favoring lipid droplet formation and dynamics. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2362-2380. [PMID: 35681014 PMCID: PMC9751306 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of oval cells (OCs) has been related to hepatocyte injury during chronic liver diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, OCs plasticity can be affected under pathological environments. We previously found protection against hepatocyte cell death by inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Herein, we investigated the molecular and cellular processes involved in the lipotoxic susceptibility in OCs expressing or not PTP1B. Palmitic acid (PA) induced apoptotic cell death in wild-type (Ptpn1+/+) OCs in parallel to oxidative stress and impaired autophagy. This lipotoxic effect was attenuated in OCs lacking Ptpn1 that showed upregulated antioxidant defences, increased unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling, higher endoplasmic reticulum (ER) content and elevated stearoyl CoA desaturase (Scd1) expression and activity. These effects in Ptpn1-/- OCs concurred with an active autophagy, higher mitochondrial efficiency and a molecular signature of starvation, favoring lipid droplet (LD) formation and dynamics. Autophagy blockade in Ptpn1-/- OCs reduced Scd1 expression, mitochondrial fitness, LD formation and restored lipoapoptosis, an effect also recapitulated by Scd1 silencing. PTP1B immunostaining was detected in OCs from mouse liver and, importantly, LDs were found in OCs from Ptpn1-/- mice with NAFLD. In conclusion, we demonstrated that Ptpn1 deficiency restrains lipoapoptosis in OCs through a metabolic rewiring towards a "starvation-like" fate, favoring autophagy, mitochondrial fitness and LD formation. Dynamic LD-lysosomal interations likely ensure lipid recycling and, overall, these adaptations protect against lipotoxicity. The identification of LDs in OCs from Ptpn1-/- mice with NAFLD opens therapeutic perspectives to ensure OC viability and plasticity under lipotoxic liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Barahona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Rada
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Calero-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Grillo-Risco
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Pereira
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M Carmen Soler-Vázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura María LaIglesia
- University of Navarra, Center for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María J Moreno-Aliaga
- University of Navarra, Center for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolors Serra
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo García-Monzon
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28009, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28009, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Balsinde
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco García-García
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Pilar Valdecantos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ángela M Valverde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Kominami K, Akino M. Prolonged mean response time in older adults with cardiovascular risk compared to healthy older adults. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:173. [PMID: 36151572 PMCID: PMC9503204 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00565-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background During incremental exercise (Inc-Ex), the mean response time (MRT) of oxygen uptake (V̇O2) represents the time delay before changes in muscle V̇O2 reflect at the mouth level. MRT calculation by linear regression or monoexponential (τ’) fitting of V̇O2 data are known to be highly variable, and a combination of incremental and constant load exercise (CL-Ex) is more reproducible. Methods We evaluated MRT in older adults using linear regression and combination methods. We recruited 20 healthy adults (male: 9, 69.4 ± 6.8 years) and 10 cardiovascular risk subjects (male: 8, 73.0 ± 8.8 years). On day 1, they performed Inc-Ex using a 10W/min ramp protocol, for determination of the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) using the V-slope method. On day 2, they performed Inc-Ex to VAT exercise intensity and CL-Ex for 25min total. The MRT was calculated from the CL-Ex V̇O2 average and the time at equivalent V̇O2 in the Inc-Ex. We also assessed the amount of physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF). Results The MRT of healthy participants and those at cardiovascular risk were 49.2 ± 36.3 vs. 83.6 ± 45.4s (p = 0.033). Total physical activity in the IPAQ-SF was inversely correlated with MRT. Conclusion The MRT was significantly prolonged in cardiovascular risk participants compared to healthy participants, possibly related to the amount of daily physical activity. Individual MRT may be useful for adjustment of exercise intensity, but this should also be based on daily physical activity and individual condition during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Kominami
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sanseikai Kitano Hospital, 6-30, 1-chome, Kitano1-jyo, Kiyota-ku, 004-0861, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Akino
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Kiyota Orthopedic Hospital, 1-50, 4-chome, Kiyota1-jyo, Kiyota-ku, 004-0841, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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19
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Ren Y, He X, Yan X, Yang Y, Li Q, Yao T, Lu L, Peng L, Zou L. Unravelling the Polytoxicology of Chlorfenapyr on Non-Target HepG2 Cells: The Involvement of Mitochondria-Mediated Programmed Cell Death and DNA Damage. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175722. [PMID: 36080487 PMCID: PMC9457613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorfenapyr (CHL) is a type of insecticide with a wide range of insecticidal activities and unique targets. The extensive use of pesticides has caused an increase in potential risks to the environment and human health. However, the potential toxicity of CHL and its mechanisms of action on humans remain unclear. Therefore, human liver cells (HepG2) were used to investigate the cytotoxic effect and mechanism of toxicity of CHL at the cellular level. The results showed that CHL induced cellular toxicity in HepG2 cells and induced mitochondrial damage associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial calcium overload, ultimately leading to apoptosis and autophagy in HepG2 cells. Typical apoptotic changes occurred, including a decline in the mitochondrial membrane potential, the promotion of Bax/Bcl-2 expression causing the release of cyt-c into the cytosol, the activation of cas-9/-3, and the cleavage of PARP. The autophagic effects included the formation of autophagic vacuoles, accumulation of Beclin-1, transformation of LC3-II, and downregulation of p62. Additionally, DNA damage and cell cycle arrest were detected in CHL-treated cells. These results show that CHL induced cytotoxicity associated with mitochondria-mediated programmed cell death (PCD) and DNA damage in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, China
- Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, Chengdu 610106, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xuan He
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xiyue Yan
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yanting Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, China
- Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, Chengdu 610106, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Tian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Lidan Lu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Lianxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, China
- Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, Chengdu 610106, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, China
- Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, Chengdu 610106, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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20
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Hendawy AS, El-Lakkany NM, Mantawy EM, Hammam OA, Botros SS, El-Demerdash E. Vildagliptin alleviates liver fibrosis in NASH diabetic rats via modulation of insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cascades. Life Sci 2022; 304:120695. [PMID: 35671811 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Vilda in a NASH model with liver fibrosis and elucidates the underlying molecular mechanisms. MAIN METHODS To induce NASH, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet for 24 weeks with a single dose of STZ (40 mg/kg, IP). Vilda was orally administered at two doses (10 and 20 mg/kg) for 20 weeks. KEY FINDINGS The induction of NASH was validated by abnormalities in hepatotoxicity indices, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers, and pathologically by marked fat deposition in hepatic tissues together with severe inflammatory cell infiltration. Moreover, NASH-affected rats demonstrated reduced insulin sensitivity manifested as elevated fasting blood glucose levels and disrupted homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance. Vilda, at both doses, effectively abrogated all these pathological features of NASH. Mechanistically, these hepatoprotective properties of Vilda can be attributed to its antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory effects (by inhibiting the TNF-α, NF-κB, JNK, and JAK/STAT pathways), and insulin-sensitizing effect (by upregulating the IRS-1/PI3K/Akt pathway). Besides, Vilda successfully counteracted NASH-associated liver fibrosis by downregulating the TGF-β1 pathway. SIGNIFICANCE The hepatoprotective and antifibrotic effects of Vilda were mostly dose-dependent. Collectively, this study offered a promising therapeutic avenue for Vilda as a novel strategy for counteracting the pathological progression of NASH and associated liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Hendawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M El-Lakkany
- Department of Pharmacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Eman M Mantawy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Olfat A Hammam
- Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Sanaa S Botros
- Department of Pharmacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
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21
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Qin L, Yang Y, Hao J, He X, Liu S, Chu X, Mao W. Antidiabetic-activity sulfated polysaccharide from Chaetomorpha linum: Characteristics of its structure and effects on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:333-345. [PMID: 35227705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide from the green alga Chaetomorpha linum, designated CHS2, was obtained by water extraction, preparative anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses showed that CHS2 was a sulfated rhamnogalactoarabinan, and its backbone was mainly constituted by 4-linked and 3,4-linked β-l-arabinopyranose with sulfate groups at C-2/C-3 of 4-linked β-l-arabinopyranose. The branching contained 4-linked, 6-linked β-d-galactopyranose and terminal rhamnose residues. Based on the inhibition of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) aggregation and morphology change of hIAPP aggregates in in vitro tests, it was proved that CHS2 effectively inhibited the hIAPP aggregation and possessed strong antidiabetic activity. CHS2 was nearly no toxicity in NIT-1 cells and could attenuate hIAPP-induced cytotoxicity. CHS2 may significantly reduce the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and hIAPP aggregation-induced oxidative stress in NIT-1 cells. CHS2 was co-localized with mitochondria, and largely protected mitochondria function from hIAPP aggregation-induced damage through stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential and enhancing the mitochondrial complex I, II or III activity and ATP level. The data demonstrated that CHS2 could have potential prospect to become an antidiabetic drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yajing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiejie Hao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoxi He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
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22
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Gentile A, Magnacca N, de Matteis R, Moreno M, Cioffi F, Giacco A, Lanni A, de Lange P, Senese R, Goglia F, Silvestri E, Lombardi A. Ablation of uncoupling protein 3 affects interrelated factors leading to lipolysis and insulin resistance in visceral white adipose tissue. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22325. [PMID: 35452152 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101816rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The physiological role played by uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) in white adipose tissue (WAT) has not been elucidated so far. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of the absence of the whole body UCP3 on WAT physiology in terms of ability to store triglycerides, oxidative capacity, response to insulin, inflammation, and adipokine production. Wild type (WT) and UCP3 Knockout (KO) mice housed at thermoneutrality (30°C) have been used as the animal model. Visceral gonadic WAT (gWAT) from KO mice showed an impaired capacity to store triglycerides (TG) as indicated by its lowered weight, reduced adipocyte diameter, and higher glycerol release (index of lipolysis). The absence of UCP3 reduces the maximal oxidative capacity of gWAT, increases mitochondrial free radicals, and activates ER stress. These processes are associated with increased levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and TNF-α. The response of gWAT to in vivo insulin administration, revealed by (ser473)-AKT phosphorylation, was blunted in KO mice, with a putative role played by eif2a, JNK, and inflammation. Variations in adipokine levels in the absence of UCP3 were observed, including reduced adiponectin levels both in gWAT and serum. As a whole, these data indicate an important role of UCP3 in regulating the metabolic functionality of gWAT, with its absence leading to metabolic derangement. The obtained results help to clarify some aspects of the association between metabolic disorders and low UCP3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nunzia Magnacca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita de Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Giacco
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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23
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de Goede P, Wüst RCI, Schomakers BV, Denis S, Vaz FM, Pras-Raves ML, van Weeghel M, Yi CX, Kalsbeek A, Houtkooper RH. Time-restricted feeding during the inactive phase abolishes the daily rhythm in mitochondrial respiration in rat skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22133. [PMID: 35032416 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100707r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Shift-workers show an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A possible mechanism is the disruption of the circadian timing of glucose homeostasis. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is modulated by the molecular clock. We used time-restricted feeding (TRF) during the inactive phase to investigate how mistimed feeding affects muscle mitochondrial metabolism. Rats on an ad libitum (AL) diet were compared to those that could eat only during the light (inactive) or dark (active) phase. Mitochondrial respiration, metabolic gene expressions, and metabolite concentrations were determined in the soleus muscle. Rats on AL feeding or dark-fed TRF showed a clear daily rhythm in muscle mitochondrial respiration. This rhythm in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity was abolished in light-fed TRF animals and overall 24h respiration was lower. The expression of several genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and the fission/fusion machinery was altered in light-fed animals. Metabolomics analysis indicated that light-fed animals had lost rhythmic levels of α-ketoglutarate and citric acid. Contrastingly, lipidomics showed that light-fed animals abundantly gained rhythmicity in levels of triglycerides. Furthermore, while the RER shifted entirely with the food intake in the light-fed animals, many measured metabolic parameters (e.g., activity and mitochondrial respiration) did not strictly align with the shifted timing of food intake, resulting in a mismatch between expected metabolic supply/demand (as dictated by the circadian timing system and light/dark-cycle) and the actual metabolic supply/demand (as dictated by the timing of food intake). These data suggest that shift-work impairs mitochondrial metabolism and causes metabolic inflexibility, which can predispose to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul de Goede
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Denis
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mia L Pras-Raves
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Ertuglu L, Yildiz A, Gamboa J, Ikizler TA. Skeletal muscle energetics in patients with moderate to advanced kidney disease. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2022; 41:14-21. [PMID: 35108768 PMCID: PMC8816417 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.21.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, defined as decrease in muscle function and mass, is common in patients with moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Muscle mitochondrial dysfunction is proposed as one of the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia. Patients with moderate to advanced CKD have decreased muscle mitochondrial content and oxidative capacity along with suppressed activity of various mitochondrial enzymes such as mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes and pyruvate dehydrogenase, leading to impaired energy production. Other mitochondrial abnormalities found in this population include defective beta-oxidation of fatty acids and mitochondrial DNA mutations. These changes are noticeable from the early stages of CKD and correlate with severity of the disease. Damage induced by uremic toxins, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation has been implicated in the development of mitochondrial dysfunction in CKD patients. Given that mitochondrial function is an important determinant of physical activity and performance, its modulation is a potential therapeutic target for sarcopenia in patients with kidney disease. Coenzyme Q, nicotinamide, and cardiolipin-targeted peptides have been tested as therapeutic interventions in early studies. Aerobic exercise, a well-established strategy to improve muscle function and mass in healthy adults, is not as effective in patients with advanced kidney disease. This might be due to reduced expression or impaired activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α, the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Further studies are needed to broaden our understanding of the pathogenesis of mitochondrial dysfunction and to develop mitochondrial-targeted therapies for prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lale Ertuglu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Abdulmecit Yildiz
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Jorge Gamboa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - T. Alp Ikizler
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Veterans Health Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
- Correspondence: T. Alp Ikizler Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, S-3223 Medical Center North, Nashville 37232, TN, USA. E-mail:
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25
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Nicolson GL, Ferreira de Mattos G, Ash M, Settineri R, Escribá PV. Fundamentals of Membrane Lipid Replacement: A Natural Medicine Approach to Repairing Cellular Membranes and Reducing Fatigue, Pain, and Other Symptoms While Restoring Function in Chronic Illnesses and Aging. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:944. [PMID: 34940446 PMCID: PMC8707623 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Membrane Lipid Replacement (MLR) uses natural membrane lipid supplements to safely replace damaged, oxidized lipids in membranes in order to restore membrane function, decrease symptoms and improve health. Oral MLR supplements contain mixtures of cell membrane glycerolphospholipids, fatty acids, and other lipids, and can be used to replace and remove damaged cellular and intracellular membrane lipids. Membrane injury, caused mainly by oxidative damage, occurs in essentially all chronic and acute medical conditions, including cancer and degenerative diseases, and in normal processes, such as aging and development. After ingestion, the protected MLR glycerolphospholipids and other lipids are dispersed, absorbed, and internalized in the small intestines, where they can be partitioned into circulating lipoproteins, globules, liposomes, micelles, membranes, and other carriers and transported in the lymphatics and blood circulation to tissues and cellular sites where they are taken in by cells and partitioned into various cellular membranes. Once inside cells, the glycerolphospholipids and other lipids are transferred to various intracellular membranes by lipid carriers, globules, liposomes, chylomicrons, or by direct membrane-membrane interactions. The entire process appears to be driven by 'bulk flow' or mass action principles, where surplus concentrations of replacement lipids can stimulate the natural exchange and removal of damaged membrane lipids while the replacement lipids undergo further enzymatic alterations. Clinical studies have demonstrated the advantages of MLR in restoring membrane and organelle function and reducing fatigue, pain, and other symptoms in chronic illness and aging patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth L. Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA
| | - Gonzalo Ferreira de Mattos
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Department of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay;
| | - Michael Ash
- Clinical Education, Newton Abbot, Devon TQ12 4SG, UK;
| | | | - Pablo V. Escribá
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
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Sharma A, Mah M, Ritchie RH, De Blasio MJ. The adiponectin signalling pathway - A therapeutic target for the cardiac complications of type 2 diabetes? Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:108008. [PMID: 34610378 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of heart failure (HF). This is commonly termed diabetic cardiomyopathy and is often characterised by increased cardiac fibrosis, pathological hypertrophy, increased oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as diastolic dysfunction. Adiponectin is a cardioprotective adipokine that is downregulated in settings of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Furthermore, both adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and R2) are also downregulated in these settings which further results in impaired cardiac adiponectin signalling and reduced cardioprotection. In many cardiac pathologies, adiponectin signalling has been shown to protect against cardiac remodelling and lipotoxicity, however its cardioprotective actions in T2D-induced cardiomyopathy remain unresolved. Diabetic cardiomyopathy has historically lacked effective treatment options. In this review, we summarise the current evidence for links between the suppressed adiponectin signalling pathway and cardiac dysfunction, in diabetes. We describe adiponectin receptor-mediated signalling pathways that are normally associated with cardioprotection, as well as current and potential future therapeutic approaches that could target this pathway as possible interventions for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhipree Sharma
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Michael Mah
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Miles J De Blasio
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Thermotherapy Effects on Healthy and Type 2 Diabetes Human Skeletal Muscle Myoblast Cell Lines. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2021; 2021:9971599. [PMID: 34435189 PMCID: PMC8382545 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9971599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels with associated disordered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) specifically has been shown to cause a decrease in skeletal muscle mass due to oxidative stress. This study investigated a treatment option for T2D through thermotherapy on healthy (HSMM) and T2D (D-HSMM) human skeletal muscle cells. The goals were to determine the effects of thermotherapy, long-term (chronic) and short-term (acute), on HSMM and D-HSMM cell viabilities and oxidative stress. HSMM and D-HSMM cells were grown to confluency, harvested, and counted to determine density. Acute and chronic heat treatments were applied to both cell lines. The chronic treatment consisted of a 30-minute exposure to 40°C, three times a week for three weeks; the acute treatment was a one-time exposure. Oxidative stress assays and cell viabilities were tested 24 hours after heat treatments. Results indicated no significant effect on the cell viability of HSMM and D-HSMM cells. The acute treatment had a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) of MDA concentration compared to the chronic treatment. The chronic treatment had a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in catalase activity compared to the acute treatment. The SOD activity had no significant change (p > 0.05) between the chronic and acute treatments. In conclusion, acute thermotherapy may not be beneficial for skeletal muscle cells due to the observed increase in oxidative stress, especially in the D-HSMM cells.
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Insulin signaling pathway assessment by enhancing antioxidant activity due to morin using in vitro rat skeletal muscle L6 myotubes cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5857-5872. [PMID: 34302266 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-derived phytochemicals such as flavonoids have been explored to be powerful antioxidants that protect against oxidative stress-related diseases. In the present study, Morin, a flavonoid compound was studied for its antioxidant and antidiabetic properties in relation to oxidative stress in insulin resistant models conducted in rat skeletal muscle L6 cell line model. METHODS Evaluation of antioxidant property of morin was assayed using in vitro methods such as cell viability by MTT assay, estimation of SOD and CAT activity and NO scavenging activity. The anti-oxidative nature of morin on L6 cell line was conducted by the DCF-DA fluorescent activity. Glucose uptake in morin treated L6 myotubes are accessed by 2-NBDG assay in the presence or absence of IRTK and PI3K inhibitors. Further glycogen content estimation due to the morin treatment in L6 myotubes was performed. Antioxidant and insulin signaling pathway gene expression was examined over RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Morin has a negligible cytotoxic effect at doses of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µM concentration according to cell viability assay. Morin revealed that the levels of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT in L6 myotubes had increased. When the cells were subjected to the nitro blue tetrazolium assay, morin lowered reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation at 60 µM concentration displaying 39% ROS generation in oxidative stress condition. Lesser NO activity and a drop in green fluorescence emission in the DCFDA assay, demonstrating its anti-oxidative nature by reducing ROS formation in vitro. Glucose uptake by the L6 myotube cells using 2-NBDG, and with IRTK and PI3K inhibitors (genistein and wortmannin) showed a significant increase in glucose uptake by the cells which shows the up regulated GLUT-4 movement from intracellular pool to the plasma membrane. Morin (60 µM) significantly enhanced the expression of antioxidant genes GPx, GST and GCS as well as insulin signalling genes IRTK, IRS-1, PI3K, GLUT-4, GSK-3β and GS in L6 myotubes treated cells. CONCLUSION Morin has the ability to act as an anti-oxidant by lowering ROS levels and demonstrating insulin mimetic activity by reversing insulin resistance associated with oxidative stress.
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White MF, Kahn CR. Insulin action at a molecular level - 100 years of progress. Mol Metab 2021; 52:101304. [PMID: 34274528 PMCID: PMC8551477 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of insulin 100 years ago and its application to the treatment of human disease in the years since have marked a major turning point in the history of medicine. The availability of purified insulin allowed for the establishment of its physiological role in the regulation of blood glucose and ketones, the determination of its amino acid sequence, and the solving of its structure. Over the last 50 years, the function of insulin has been applied into the discovery of the insulin receptor and its signaling cascade to reveal the role of impaired insulin signaling-or resistance-in the progression of type 2 diabetes. It has also become clear that insulin signaling can impact not only classical insulin-sensitive tissues, but all tissues of the body, and that in many of these tissues the insulin signaling cascade regulates unexpected physiological functions. Despite these remarkable advances, much remains to be learned about both insulin signaling and how to use this molecular knowledge to advance the treatment of type 2 diabetes and other insulin-resistant states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris F White
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Baliou S, Adamaki M, Ioannou P, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, Christodoulou I, Spandidos DA, Kyriakopoulos AM, Zoumpourlis V. Ameliorative effect of taurine against diabetes and renal-associated disorders (Review). MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2021; 1:3. [PMID: 36699147 PMCID: PMC9855276 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2021.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To develop novel therapeutic methods for both diabetic and renal disorders, scientists had initially focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of taurine in established cell lines and mouse models. Although a large amount of data have been revealed, taurine has been confirmed to be the next step of novel promising therapeutic interventions against diabetic disorders. Taurine appears to ameliorate diabetes 1-related complications in various organs through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hormonal actions. In type 2 diabetes, taurine has been positively implicated in glucose homeostasis, exerting potent hypoglycemic, anti-obesity, hypotensive and hypolipidemic effects. Of particular interest is that taurine provides protection against renal dysfunction, including hypertension and proteinuria, specific glomerular and tubular disorders, acute and chronic renal conditions, and diabetic nephropathy. The ameliorative effects of taurine against renal disorders are based on its osmoregulatory properties, its association with signaling pathways and its association with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Further clinical studies are required to ensure the importance of research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Baliou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Adamaki
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus,Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Christodoulou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece,Correspondence to: Dr Vassilis Zoumpourlis, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Konstantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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L-Carnosine Stimulation of Coenzyme Q10 Biosynthesis Promotes Improved Mitochondrial Function and Decreases Hepatic Steatosis in Diabetic Conditions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050793. [PMID: 34067694 PMCID: PMC8156016 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes leads to oxidative stress, which drives disease progression and diabetes complications. L-carnosine, an endogenous dipeptide, improves metabolic control, wound healing and kidney function in animal models of type 2 diabetes. Coenzyme Q (CoQ), a component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, possesses similar protective effects on diabetes complications. We aimed to study the effect of carnosine on CoQ, and assess any synergistic effects of carnosine and CoQ on improved mitochondrial function in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Carnosine enhanced CoQ gene expression and increased hepatic CoQ biosynthesis in db/db mice, a type 2 diabetes model. Co-administration of Carnosine and CoQ improved mitochondrial function, lowered ROS formation and reduced signs of oxidative stress. Our work suggests that carnosine exerts beneficial effects on hepatic CoQ synthesis and when combined with CoQ, improves mitochondrial function and cellular redox balance in the liver of diabetic mice. (4) Conclusions: L-carnosine has beneficial effects on oxidative stress both alone and in combination with CoQ on hepatic mitochondrial function in an obese type 2 diabetes mouse model.
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Blair HR, Tomas C, Miwa S, Heath A, Russell A, Ginkel MV, Gunn D, Walker M. Peroxisomes and pancreatic beta-cell lipo-dysfunction. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:107843. [PMID: 33419633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Pancreatic beta-cell lipo-dysfunction decreases insulin secretion and predisposes to the development of type 2 diabetes. Through targeted Pex11β knockdown and peroxisome depletion, our aim was to investigate the specific contribution of peroxisomes to palmitate mediated pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. METHODS MIN6 cells were transfected with probes targeted against Pex11β, a regulator of peroxisome abundance, or with scrambled control probes. Peroxisome abundance was measured by PMP-70 protein expression. 48 h post transfection, cells were incubated with 250 μM palmitate or BSA control for a further 48 h before measurement of glucose stimulated insulin secretion and of reactive oxygen species. RESULTS Pex11β knockdown decreased target gene expression by >80% compared with the scrambled control (P<0.001). This led to decreased PMP-70 expression (p<0.01) and a 22% decrease in peroxisome number (p<0.05). At 25 mM glucose, palmitate treatment decreased insulin secretion by 64% in the scrambled control cells (2.54±0.25 vs 7.07±0.83 [mean±SEM] ng/h/μg protein; Palmitate vs BSA P<0.001), but by just 37% in the Pex11β knockdown cells. Comparing responses in the presence of palmitate, insulin secretion at 25 mM glucose was significantly greater in the Pex11β knockdown cells compared with the scrambled controls (4.04±0.46 vs 2.54±0.25 ng/h/μg protein; p<0.05). Reactive oxygen species generation with palmitate was lower in the Pex11β knockdown cells compared with the scrambled controls (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Pex11β knockdown decreased peroxisome abundance, decreased palmitate mediated reactive oxygen species generation, and reversed the inhibitory effect of palmitate on insulin secretion. These findings reveal a distinct role of peroxisomes in palmitate mediated beta-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen R Blair
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Cara Tomas
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Satomi Miwa
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alan Heath
- Unilever Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford, UK
| | - Alison Russell
- Unilever Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford, UK
| | | | - David Gunn
- Unilever Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford, UK
| | - Mark Walker
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Grover A, Sharma K, Gautam S, Gautam S, Gulati M, Singh SK. Diabetes and Its Complications: Therapies Available, Anticipated and Aspired. Curr Diabetes Rev 2021; 17:397-420. [PMID: 33143627 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666201103144231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, diabetes ranks among the ten leading causes of mortality. Prevalence of diabetes is growing rapidly in low and middle income countries. It is a progressive disease leading to serious co-morbidities, which results in increased cost of treatment and over-all health system of the country. Pathophysiological alterations in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) progressed from a simple disturbance in the functioning of the pancreas to triumvirate to ominous octet to egregious eleven to dirty dozen model. Due to complex interplay of multiple hormones in T2D, there may be multifaceted approach in its management. The 'long-term secondary complications' in uncontrolled diabetes may affect almost every organ of the body, and finally may lead to multi-organ dysfunction. Available therapies are inconsistent in maintaining long term glycemic control and their long term use may be associated with adverse effects. There is need for newer drugs, not only for glycemic control but also for prevention or mitigation of secondary microvascular and macrovascular complications. Increased knowledge of the pathophysiology of diabetes has contributed to the development of novel treatments. Several new agents like Glucagon Like Peptide - 1 (GLP-1) agonists, Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors, amylin analogues, Sodium-Glucose transport -2 (SGLT- 2) inhibitors and dual Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) agonists are available or will be available soon, thus extending the range of therapy for T2D, thereby preventing its long term complications. The article discusses the pathophysiology of diabetes along with its comorbidities, with a focus on existing and novel upcoming antidiabetic drugs which are under investigation. It also dives deep to deliberate upon the novel therapies that are in various stages of development. Adding new options with new mechanisms of action to the treatment armamentarium of diabetes may eventually help improve outcomes and reduce its economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Grover
- Ipca Laboratories, Mumbai - 400063, India
| | - Komal Sharma
- Bhupal Nobles' Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Udaipur, India
| | - Suresh Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, India
| | - Srishti Gautam
- Ravinder Nath Tagore Medical College and Maharana Bhupal Govt. Hospital, Udaipur, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab- 144411, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab- 144411, India
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Ren Y, Li Q, Lu L, Jin H, Tao K, Hou T. Isochamaejasmin induces toxic effects on Helicoverpa zea via DNA damage and mitochondria-associated apoptosis. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:557-567. [PMID: 32815281 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stellera chamaejasme L. is a poisonous plant with rich resources and is thus highly valuable in terms of new pesticide development. Isochamaejasmin (ICM), one of the main ingredients in S. chamaejasme has drawn much attention owing to its antitumour properties. However, the toxicity and mode of action of ICM on insects are still not clear. In this article, the larva and neuronal cell (AW1) of Helicoverpa zea were used to clarify the insecticidal activity of ICM as well as its toxic mechanism at the cellular level. RESULTS The results confirmed that ICM has potential toxicity against H. zea both in vivo and in vitro via time- and dose-dependent manners. Moreover, we found that ICM caused DNA damage and increased the levels of γH2AX and OGG1 in AW1 cells. Results also showed decline in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 expression resulting in the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, activation of caspase-3/9, and cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) as a result of exposure to ICM. Additionally, a dose-dependent rise in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, accumulation of a lipid peroxidation product, and inactivation of antioxidant enzymes were found in ICM-treated cells. CONCLUSION These findings confirmed the insecticidal activity of ICM. Furthermore, the results revealed that ICM could cause DNA damage and induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in AW1 cells. This study provides the basic information needed to understand the toxicity and mechanisms of action of ICM, which could potentially be used to develop it as a new insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lidan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Tao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Taiping Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Mondal A, Burchat N, Sampath H. Palmitate exacerbates bisphenol A toxicity via induction of ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158816. [PMID: 32976987 PMCID: PMC7686068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Combined exposure to dietary nutrients and environmental chemicals may elicit significantly different physiological effects than single exposures. Exposure to dietary saturated fats and environmental toxins is a physiologically-significant dual exposure that is particularly associated with lower socioeconomic status, potentially placing these individuals at heightened risk of xenobiotic toxicities. However, no prior studies have examined interactions between specific lipids and environmental xenobiotics in modulating cellular health. Using primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we have discovered that prior exposure to the saturated fatty acid, palmitate, exacerbates cellular toxicity associated with the industrial plasticizer, bisphenol A (BPA). Cell death upon BPA exposure following palmitate pre-treatment was greater than that occurring with either exposure alone. Mechanistically, cell death was preceded by increased endoplasmic reticulum stress and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in palmitate plus BPA exposed cells, leading to increased caspase-3 cleavage and subsequent apoptosis. Interestingly, inclusion of the unsaturated fatty acid, oleate, along with palmitate during the pre-treatment period completely abrogated the ER stress, mitochondrial toxicity, and cell death induced by subsequent exposure to BPA. Thus, our data identify for the first time an important interaction between a fatty acid and an environmental toxin and have implications for developing nutritional interventions to mitigate the deleterious effects of such xenobiotic exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupom Mondal
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Center for Nutrition, Microbiome, and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Invivotek, A Genesis Biotechnology Group, Hamilton, NJ, USA
| | - Natalie Burchat
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Center for Nutrition, Microbiome, and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Harini Sampath
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Center for Nutrition, Microbiome, and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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Wang N, Ma H, Li J, Meng C, Zou J, Wang H, Liu K, Liu M, Xiao X, Zhang H, Wang K. HSF1 functions as a key defender against palmitic acid-induced ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 150:65-76. [PMID: 33098823 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA)-induced myocardial injury is considered a critical contributor to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related cardiomyopathy. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that PA induced the cell death of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while different ferroptosis inhibitors significantly abrogated the cell death of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes exposed to PA. Mechanistically, PA decreased the protein expression levels of both heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which were restored by different ferroptosis inhibitors. Overexpression of HSF1 not only alleviated PA-induced cell death and lipid peroxidation but also improved disturbed iron homeostasis by regulating the transcription of iron metabolism-related genes (e.g., Fth1, Tfrc, Slc40a1). Additionally, PA-blocked GPX4 protein expression was evidently restored by HSF1 overexpression. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress rather than autophagy contributed to HSF1-mediated GPX4 expression. Moreover, GPX4 overexpression protected against PA-induced ferroptosis, whereas knockdown of GPX4 reversed the anti-ferroptotic effect of HSF1. Consistent with the in vitro findings, PA-challenged Hsf1-/- mice exhibited more serious ferroptosis, increased Slc40a1 and Fth1 mRNA expression, decreased GPX4 and TFRC expression and enhanced ER stress in the heart compared with Hsf1+/+ mice. Altogether, HSF1 may function as a key defender against PA-induced ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes by maintaining cellular iron homeostasis and GPX4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Research Center of China-Africa Infectious Diseases, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - ChaoYang Meng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiang Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Meidong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Huali Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Kangkai Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Bock JM, Hughes WE, Ueda K, Feider AJ, Hanada S, Kruse NT, Iwamoto E, Casey DP. Greater α1-adrenergic-mediated vasoconstriction in contracting skeletal muscle of patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H797-H807. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00532.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Findings presented in this article are the first to show patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have blunted hyperemic and vasodilatory responses to dynamic handgrip exercise. Moreover, we illustrate greater α1-adrenergic-mediated vasoconstriction may contribute to our initial observations. Collectively, these data suggest patients with type 2 diabetes may have impaired functional sympatholysis, which can contribute to their reduced exercise capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M. Bock
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - William E. Hughes
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kenichi Ueda
- Department of Anesthesia, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Andrew J. Feider
- Department of Anesthesia, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Satoshi Hanada
- Department of Anesthesia, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Nicholas T. Kruse
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Erika Iwamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Darren P. Casey
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Thomas RC, Kheder R, Alaridhee H, Martin N, Stover CM. Complement Properdin Regulates the Metabolo-Inflammatory Response to a High Fat Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56090484. [PMID: 32971872 PMCID: PMC7558790 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56090484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Overnutrition leads to a metabolic and inflammatory response that includes the activation of Complement. Properdin is the only amplifier of complement activation and increases the provision of complement activation products. Its absence has previously been shown to lead to increased obesity in mice on a high fat diet. The aim of this study was to determine ways in which properdin contributes to a less pronounced obese phenotype. Materials and Methods: Wild type (WT) and properdin deficient mice (KO) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for up to 12 weeks. Results: There was a significant increase in liver triglyceride content in the KO HFD group compared to WT on HFD. WT developed steatosis. KO had an additional inflammatory component (steatohepatitis). Analysis of AKT signalling by phosphorylation array supported a decrease in insulin sensitivity which was greater for KO than WT in liver and kidney. There was a significant decrease of C5L2 in the fat membranes of the KO HFD group compared to the WT HFD group. Circulating microparticles in KO HFD group showed lower presence of C5L2. Expression of the fatty acid transporter CD36 in adipose tissue was increased in KO on HFD and was also significantly increased in plasma of KO HFD mice compared to WT on HFD. CD36 was elevated on microparticles from KO on HFD. Ultrastructural changes consistent with obesity-associated glomerulopathy were observed for both HFD fed genotypes, but tubular strain was greater in KO. Conclusion: Our work demonstrates that complement properdin is a dominant factor in limiting the severity of obesity-associated conditions that impact on liver and kidney. The two receptors, C5L2 and CD36, are downstream of the activity exerted by properdin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rόisín C. Thomas
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Ramiar Kheder
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Hasanain Alaridhee
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Naomi Martin
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Cordula M. Stover
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-116-2525032
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Ayinde KS, Olaoba OT, Ibrahim B, Lei D, Lu Q, Yin X, Adelusi TI. AMPK allostery: A therapeutic target for the management/treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2020; 261:118455. [PMID: 32956662 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) with approximately 30-40% of patients with DM developing nephropathy, and it is the leading cause of end-stage renal diseases and diabetic morbidity. The pathogenesis of DN is primarily associated with irregularities in the metabolism of glucose and lipid leading to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, which has been a major target together with blood pressure regulation in the control of DN progression. However, the regulation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly conserved protein kinase for maintaining energy balance and cellular growth and repair has been implicated in the development of DM and its complications. Therefore, targeting AMPK pathway has been explored as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diabetes and its complication, although most of the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we discuss the structure of AMPK relevant to understanding its allosteric regulation and its role in the pathogenesis and progression of DN. We also identify therapeutic agents that modulate AMPK and its downstream targets with their specific mechanisms of action in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olamide Tosin Olaoba
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biochemistry, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Boyenle Ibrahim
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Du Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Temitope Isaac Adelusi
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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Takemura K, Nishi H, Inagi R. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Kidney Disease and Uremic Sarcopenia. Front Physiol 2020; 11:565023. [PMID: 33013483 PMCID: PMC7500155 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.565023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increased focus on the influences of mitochondrial dysfunction on various pathologies. Mitochondria are major intracellular organelles with a variety of critical roles, such as adenosine triphosphate production, metabolic modulation, generation of reactive oxygen species, maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis, and the regulation of apoptosis. Moreover, mitochondria are attracting attention as a therapeutic target in several diseases. Additionally, a lot of existing agents have been found to have pharmacological effects on mitochondria. This review provides an overview of the mitochondrial change in the kidney and skeletal muscle, which is often complicated with sarcopenia and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, the pharmacological effects of therapeutics for CKD on mitochondria are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takemura
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishi
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang J, Suo H, Song J. Protective role of mitoquinone against impaired mitochondrial homeostasis in metabolic syndrome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3857-3875. [PMID: 32815398 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1809344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria control various processes in cellular metabolic homeostasis, such as adenosine triphosphate production, generation and clearance of reactive oxygen species, control of intracellular Ca2+ and apoptosis, and are thus a critical therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The mitochondrial targeted antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ) reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress, prevents impaired mitochondrial dynamics, and increases mitochondrial turnover by promoting autophagy (mitophagy) and mitochondrial biogenesis, which ultimately contribute to the attenuation of MetS conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The regulatory effect of MitoQ on mitochondrial homeostasis is mediated through AMPK and its downstream signaling pathways, including MTOR, SIRT1, Nrf2 and NF-κB. However, there are few reviews focusing on the critical role of MitoQ as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of MetS. The purpose of this review is to summarize the mitochondrial role in the pathogenesis of MetS, especially in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and discuss the effect and underlying mechanism of MitoQ on mitochondrial homeostasis in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing & Storage of Distinct Agricultural Products, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China.,Graduate School, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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42
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Koopen AM, de Clercq NC, Warmbrunn MV, Herrema H, Davids M, de Groot PF, Kootte RS, Bouter KEC, Nieuwdorp M, Groen AK, Prodan A. Plasma Metabolites Related to Peripheral and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity Are Not Directly Linked to Gut Microbiota Composition. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082308. [PMID: 32752028 PMCID: PMC7469041 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma metabolites affect a range of metabolic functions in humans, including insulin sensitivity (IS). A subset of these plasma metabolites is modified by the gut microbiota. To identify potential microbial–metabolite pathways involved in IS, we investigated the link between plasma metabolites, gut microbiota composition, and IS, using the gold-standard for peripheral and hepatic IS measurement in a group of participants with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). In a cross-sectional study with 115 MetSyn participants, fasting plasma samples were collected for untargeted metabolomics analysis and fecal samples for 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. A two-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp was performed to assess peripheral and hepatic IS. Collected data were integrated and potential interdependence between metabolites, gut microbiota, and IS was analyzed using machine learning prediction models. Plasma metabolites explained 13.2% and 16.7% of variance in peripheral and hepatic IS, respectively. Fecal microbiota composition explained 4.2% of variance in peripheral IS and was not related to hepatic IS. Although metabolites could partially explain the variances in IS, the top metabolites related to peripheral and hepatic IS did not significantly correlate with gut microbiota composition (both on taxonomical level and alpha-diversity). However, all plasma metabolites could explain 18.5% of the variance in microbial alpha-diversity (Shannon); the top 20 metabolites could even explain 44.5% of gut microbial alpha-diversity. In conclusion, plasma metabolites could partially explain the variance in peripheral and hepatic IS; however, these metabolites were not directly linked to the gut microbiota composition, underscoring the intricate relation between plasma metabolites, the gut microbiota, and IS in MetSyn
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Affiliation(s)
- Annefleur M. Koopen
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.K.); (N.C.d.C.)
| | - Nicolien C. de Clercq
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.K.); (N.C.d.C.)
| | - Moritz V. Warmbrunn
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Mark Davids
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Pieter F. de Groot
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Ruud S. Kootte
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Kristien E. C. Bouter
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
- Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Bruna Stråket 16, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Albert K. Groen
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Prodan
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.V.W.); (H.H.); (M.D.); (P.F.d.G.); (R.S.K.); (K.E.C.B.); (M.N.); (A.K.G.); (A.P.)
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Stožer A, Vodopivc P, Križančić Bombek L. Pathophysiology of exercise-induced muscle damage and its structural, functional, metabolic, and clinical consequences. Physiol Res 2020; 69:565-598. [PMID: 32672048 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme or unaccustomed eccentric exercise can cause exercise-induced muscle damage, characterized by structural changes involving sarcomere, cytoskeletal, and membrane damage, with an increased permeability of sarcolemma for proteins. From a functional point of view, disrupted force transmission, altered calcium homeostasis, disruption of excitation-contraction coupling, as well as metabolic changes bring about loss of strength. Importantly, the trauma also invokes an inflammatory response and clinically presents itself by swelling, decreased range of motion, increased passive tension, soreness, and a transient decrease in insulin sensitivity. While being damaging and influencing heavily the ability to perform repeated bouts of exercise, changes produced by exercise-induced muscle damage seem to play a crucial role in myofibrillar adaptation. Additionally, eccentric exercise yields greater hypertrophy than isometric or concentric contractions and requires less in terms of metabolic energy and cardiovascular stress, making it especially suitable for the elderly and people with chronic diseases. This review focuses on our current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced muscle damage, their dependence on genetic background, as well as their consequences at the structural, functional, metabolic, and clinical level. A comprehensive understanding of these is a prerequisite for proper inclusion of eccentric training in health promotion, rehabilitation, and performance enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stožer
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia.
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Lake JA, Abasht B. Glucolipotoxicity: A Proposed Etiology for Wooden Breast and Related Myopathies in Commercial Broiler Chickens. Front Physiol 2020; 11:169. [PMID: 32231585 PMCID: PMC7083144 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wooden breast is one of several myopathies of fast-growing commercial broilers that has emerged as a consequence of intensive selection practices in the poultry breeding industry. Despite the substantial economic burden presented to broiler producers worldwide by wooden breast and related muscle disorders such as white striping, the genetic and etiological underpinnings of these diseases are still poorly understood. Here we propose a new hypothesis on the primary causes of wooden breast that implicates dysregulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Our hypothesis addresses recent findings that have suggested etiologic similarities between wooden breast and type 2 diabetes despite their phenotypic disparities. Unlike in mammals, dysregulation of lipid and glucose metabolism is not accompanied by an increase in plasma glucose levels but generates a unique skeletal muscle phenotype, i.e., wooden breast, in chickens. We hypothesize that these phenotypic disparities result from a major difference in skeletal muscle glucose transport between birds and mammals, and that the wooden breast phenotype most closely resembles complications of diabetes in smooth and cardiac muscle of mammals. Additional basic research on wooden breast and related muscle disorders in commercial broiler chickens is necessary and can be informative for poultry breeding and production as well as for human health and disease. To inform future studies, this paper reviews the current biological knowledge of wooden breast, outlines the major steps in its proposed pathogenesis, and examines how selection for production traits may have contributed to its prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juniper A. Lake
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Behnam Abasht
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
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Jiang XS, Chen XM, Hua W, He JL, Liu T, Li XJ, Wan JM, Gan H, Du XG. PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy ameliorates palmitic acid-induced apoptosis through reducing mitochondrial ROS production in podocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:954-961. [PMID: 32173525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is often accompanied by dyslipidemia, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of DN and even the progression to ESRD. Mitophagy, the selective degradation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria by autophagy, is a crucial mitochondrial quality control mechanism, and largely regulated by PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1)/Parkin signaling pathway. In the present study, we demonstrated that PA induced mitochondrial damage and excessive mitoROS generation in podocytes. We also found PA treatment resulted in the activation of mitophagy by increasing co-localization of GFP-LC3 with mitochondria and enhancing the formation of mitophagosome, stabilization of PINK1 and mitochondrial translocation of Parkin, which indicated that PINK1/Parkin pathway was involved in PA-induced mitophagy in podocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of mitophagy by silencing Parkin dramatically aggravated PA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, mitoROS production, and further enhanced PA-induced apoptosis of podocytes. Finally, we showed that PINK1/Parkin pathway were up-regulated in kidney of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Taken together, our results suggest that PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy plays a protective role in PA-induced podocytes apoptosis through reducing mitochondrial ROS production and that enhancing mitophagy provides a potential therapeutic strategy for kidney diseases with hyperlipidemia, such as DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Shun Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xue-Mei Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Nephrology, Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun-Ling He
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xun-Jia Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jiang-Min Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Qijiang People's Hospital, Tuowai, Chongqing, 401420, China
| | - Hua Gan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Du
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China; The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Cao K, Lv W, Liu X, Fan Y, Wang K, Feng Z, Liu J, Zang W, Xing L, Liu J. Herba H outtuyniae Extract Benefits Hyperlipidemic Mice via Activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 Cascade. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010164. [PMID: 31936037 PMCID: PMC7019422 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is associated with metabolic disorders, but the detailed mechanisms and related interventions remain largely unclear. As a functional food in Asian diets, Herba houttuyniae has been reported to have beneficial effects on health. The present research was to investigate the protective effects of Herba houttuyniae aqueous extract (HAE) on hyperlipidemia-induced liver and heart impairments and its potential mechanisms. Male C57BL/6J mice were administered with 200 or 400 mg/kg/day HAE for 9 days, followed by intraperitoneal injection with 0.5 g/kg poloxamer 407 to induce acute hyperlipidemia. HAE treatment significantly attenuated excessive serum lipids and tissue damage markers, prevented hepatic lipid deposition, improved cardiac remodeling, and ameliorated hepatic and cardiac oxidative stress induced by hyperlipidemia. More importantly, NF-E2 related factor (Nrf2)-mediated antioxidant and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α)-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis pathways as well as mitochondrial complex activities were downregulated in the hyperlipidemic mouse livers and hearts, which may be attributable to the loss of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity: all of these changes were reversed by HAE supplementation. Our findings link the AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 cascade to hyperlipidemia-induced liver and heart impairments and demonstrate the protective effect of HAE as an AMPK activator in the prevention of hyperlipidemia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China; (K.C.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (K.W.); (Z.F.)
| | - Weiqiang Lv
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China; (K.C.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (K.W.); (Z.F.)
| | - Xuyun Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China; (K.C.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (K.W.); (Z.F.)
| | - Yingying Fan
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China; (K.C.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (K.W.); (Z.F.)
| | - Kexin Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China; (K.C.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (K.W.); (Z.F.)
| | - Zhihui Feng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China; (K.C.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (K.W.); (Z.F.)
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianshu Liu
- Shaanxi Translational Center for Functional Foods, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China; (J.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Lianxi Xing
- Shaanxi Translational Center for Functional Foods, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China; (J.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China; (K.C.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (K.W.); (Z.F.)
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-8266-5849
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Quan Y, Hua S, Li W, Zhan M, Li Y, Lu L. Resveratrol bidirectionally regulates insulin effects in skeletal muscle through alternation of intracellular redox homeostasis. Life Sci 2019; 242:117188. [PMID: 31863772 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Reactive oxygen species (ROS) bidirectionally regulate insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. Insulin-induced ROS generation elevates insulin-regulated metabolic effects; however, chronic oxidative stress causes severe insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Resveratrol (RV), as a natural antioxidant, eliminates intracellular ROS. It's unclear that whether it has different roles in insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle. MAIN METHODS C57BL/6J mice and C2C12 myotubes were used to assess metabolic regulation effects of RV. Protein activation was detected using Immunofluorescence and Western Blot analysis. ROS were analyzed using confocal microscope and flow cytometry sorting (FACS). Intracellular reducing molecules were detected using an enzymatic method. Glucose uptake was measured using a fluorescent deoxyglucose analog (2-NBDG). KEY FINDINGS We found that RV attenuated insulin-stimulated AKT phosphorylation via elimination of insulin-induced ROS generation in skeletal muscle, suggesting that RV decreased activation of the insulin-induced AKT signaling. In skeletal muscle of insulin resistance, RV reduced oxidative stress, restored intracellular glutathione (GSH) level, and enhanced insulin-induced AKT activation and glucose absorption. These results suggested that RV ameliorated insulin resistance by change of redox levels in skeletal muscle. SIGNIFICANCE This study revealed bidirectional regulation effects of RV on insulin-stimulated metabolism in skeletal muscle through alternation of intracellular redox homeostasis, which might provide a guidance role for treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyao Quan
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, PR China
| | - Shengni Hua
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affilated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, PR China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, PR China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, PR China.
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Sun D, Wei Y, Zheng HX, Jin L, Wang J. Contribution of Mitochondrial DNA Variation to Chronic Disease in East Asian Populations. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:128. [PMID: 31803756 PMCID: PMC6873657 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main producers of energy in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with specific mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations (haplogroups), and these variations can contribute to human disease. East Asian populations show enrichment of many mitochondrial haplogroups, including A, B, D, G, M7, M8, M9, N9, R9, and exhibit half of the known haplogroups of worldwide. In this review, we summarize the current research in the field of mtDNA variation and associated disease in East Asian populations and discuss the physiological and pathological relevance of mitochondrial biology. mtDNA haplogroups are associated with various metabolic disorders ascribed to altered oxidative phosphorylation. The same mitochondrial haplogroup can show either a negative or positive association with different diseases. Mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and mitochondrial oxidative stress, ultimately influence susceptibility to various diseases. In addition, mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathways may have profound effects on nuclear-mitochondrial interactions, affecting cellular morphology, and function. Other complex networks including proteostasis, mitochondrial unfolded protein response and reactive oxygen species signaling may also play pivotal roles in metabolic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Santo-Domingo J, Dayon L, Wiederkehr A. Protein Lysine Acetylation: Grease or Sand in the Gears of β-Cell Mitochondria? J Mol Biol 2019; 432:1446-1460. [PMID: 31628953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria carry out many essential functions in metabolism. A central task is the oxidation of nutrients and the generation of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial metabolism needs to be tightly regulated for the cell to respond to changes in ATP demand and nutrient supply. Here, we review how protein lysine acetylation contributes to the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in insulin target tissues and the insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cell. We summarize recent evidence showing that in pancreatic β-cells, lysine acetylation occurs on a large number of proteins involved in metabolism. Furthermore, we give a brief overview of the molecular mechanism that controls lysine acetylation dynamics. We propose that protein lysine acetylation is an important mechanism for the fine-tuning of mitochondrial activity in β-cells during normal physiology. In contrast, nutrient oversupply, oxidative stress, or inhibition of the mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 leads to protein lysine hyperacetylation, which impairs mitochondrial function. By perturbing mitochondrial activity in β-cells and insulin target tissues, protein lysine hyperacetylation may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Santo-Domingo
- Mitochondrial Function, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Loïc Dayon
- Proteomics, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Wiederkehr
- Mitochondrial Function, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Absence of Uncoupling Protein-3 at Thermoneutrality Impacts Lipid Handling and Energy Homeostasis in Mice. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080916. [PMID: 31426456 PMCID: PMC6721699 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of uncoupling protein-3 (UCP3) in energy and lipid metabolism was investigated. Male wild-type (WT) and UCP3-null (KO) mice that were housed at thermoneutrality (30 °C) were used as the animal model. In KO mice, the ability of skeletal muscle mitochondria to oxidize fatty acids (but not pyruvate or succinate) was reduced. At whole animal level, adult KO mice presented blunted resting metabolic rates, energy expenditure, food intake, and the use of lipids as metabolic substrates. When WT and KO mice were fed with a standard/low-fat diet for 80 days, since weaning, they showed similar weight gain and body composition. Interestingly, KO mice showed lower fat accumulation in visceral adipose tissue and higher ectopic fat accumulation in liver and skeletal muscle. When fed with a high-fat diet for 80 days, since weaning, KO mice showed enhanced energy efficiency and an increased lipid gain (thus leading to a change in body composition between the two genotypes). We conclude that UCP3 plays a role in energy and lipid homeostasis and in preserving lean tissues by lipotoxicity, in mice that were housed at thermoneutrality.
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