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Gong X, Han Z, Fan H, Wu Y, He Y, Fu Y, Zhu T, Li H. The interplay of inflammation and remodeling in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis: current understanding and future directions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1238673. [PMID: 37771597 PMCID: PMC10523020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a common clinical condition characterized by persistent mucosal inflammation and tissue remodeling, has a complex pathogenesis that is intricately linked to innate and adaptive immunity. A number of studies have demonstrated that a variety of immune cells and cytokines that play a vital role in mediating inflammation in CRS are also involved in remodeling of the nasal mucosa and the cells as well as different cytokines involved in remodeling in CRS are also able to exert some influence on inflammation, even though the exact relationship between inflammation and remodeling in CRS has not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, the potential role of immune cells and cytokines in regulating inflammation and remodeling of CRS mucosa has been described, starting with the immune cells and cytokines that act together in inflammation and remodeling. The goal is to aid researchers in understanding intimate connection between inflammation and remodeling of CRS and to offer novel ideas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Gong
- Health and Rehabilitation College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhoutong Han
- Health and Rehabilitation College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongli Fan
- Health and Rehabilitation College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Health and Rehabilitation College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanqiong He
- Health and Rehabilitation College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yijie Fu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianmin Zhu
- Health and Rehabilitation College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Prudovsky I. Cellular Mechanisms of FGF-Stimulated Tissue Repair. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071830. [PMID: 34360000 PMCID: PMC8304273 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factors belonging to the FGF family play important roles in tissue and organ repair after trauma. In this review, I discuss the regulation by FGFs of the aspects of cellular behavior important for reparative processes. In particular, I focus on the FGF-dependent regulation of cell proliferation, cell stemness, de-differentiation, inflammation, angiogenesis, cell senescence, cell death, and the production of proteases. In addition, I review the available literature on the enhancement of FGF expression and secretion in damaged tissues resulting in the increased FGF supply required for tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Prudovsky
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Dr., Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
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3
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Xiong W, Liao Y, Qin JY, Li WH, Tang ZY. Adverse effects of chemoradiotherapy on invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Genes Dis 2020; 7:351-358. [PMID: 32884989 PMCID: PMC7452502 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of enhanced invasion and metastasis of residual tumor cells has been observed in an increasing number of patients receiving chemoradiotherapy recently, and tumor metastasis will undoubtedly limit patient prognosis. However, the key mechanism by which chemoradiotherapy affects the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells remains unclear. Studies have shown that chemoradiotherapy may directly act on tumor cells and alter the tumor microenvironment, or induce cell apoptosis and autophagy to promote tumor cell survival and metastasis. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms by which chemoradiotherapy may affect the biological behavior of tumor cells and open up new avenues for reducing tumor recurrence and metastasis after treatment. These insights will improve the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- The Department of Radiation Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yong Liao
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ji-Yong Qin
- The Department of Radiation Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Hui Li
- The Department of Radiation Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Interleukin-1β induces fibroblast growth factor 2 expression and subsequently promotes endothelial progenitor cell angiogenesis in chondrocytes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:667-81. [PMID: 26811540 PMCID: PMC4797417 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important event in the process of arthritis. Stimulating chondrocytes with IL-1β increased the expression of FGF-2, via the IL-1RI/ROS/AMPK/p38/NF-κB signalling pathway. FGF-2-neutralizing antibody abolished ATDC5-conditional medium-mediated angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Arthritis is a process of chronic inflammation that results in joint damage. IL (interleukin)-1β is an inflammatory cytokine that acts as a key mediator of cartilage degradation, and is abundantly expressed in arthritis. Neovascularization is one of the pathological characteristics of arthritis. However, the role of IL-1β in the angiogenesis of chondrocytes remains unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that stimulating chondrocytes (ATDC5) with IL-1β increased the expression of FGF (fibroblast growth factor)-2, a potent angiogenic inducer, and then promoted EPC (endothelial progenitor cell) tube formation and migration. In addition, FGF-2-neutralizing antibody abolished ATDC5-conditional medium-mediated angiogenesis in vitro, as well as its angiogenic effects in the CAM (chick chorioallantoic membrane) assay and Matrigel plug nude mice model in vivo. IHC (immunohistochemistry) staining from a CIA (collagen-induced arthritis) mouse model also demonstrates that arthritis increased the expression of IL-1β and FGF-2, as well as EPC homing in articular cartilage. Moreover, IL-1β-induced FGF-2 expression via IL-1RI (type-1 IL-1 receptor), ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation, AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), p38 and NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) pathway has been demonstrated. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that IL-1β promotes FGF-2 expression in chondrocytes through the ROS/AMPK/p38/NF-κB signalling pathway and subsequently increases EPC angiogenesis. Therefore IL-1β serves as a link between inflammation and angiogenesis during arthritis.
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5
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Silva CAB, Nardello LCL, Garcia FW, Araújo NSD, Montalli VA, Araújo VCD, Martinez EF. The role of FGF-2/HGF and fibronectin matrix on pleomorphic adenoma myoepithelial cell morphology and immunophenotype: an in vitro study. Growth Factors 2015; 33:50-6. [PMID: 25257141 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2014.957758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Myoepithelial cells play a central role in glandular tumors, regulating the progression of in situ to invasive neoplasias, with the tumor microenvironment being shown to be involved in both initiation and progression. This study aimed to analyze the in vitro effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in myoepithelial cells under the influence of the fibronectin matrix extracellular protein. Benign myoepithelial cells were obtained from pleomorphic adenoma and cultured on a fibronectin substratum. FGF-2 and HGF were supplemented at different concentrations and time intervals, in order to evaluate cell proliferation, morphology and immunophenotype. Individually, FGF-2 and HGF supplementation did not alter myoepithelial cell proliferation, morphology or immunophenotype. The fibronectin substratum provoked an increase in cell proliferation and immunopositivity for α-smooth muscle actin and FGF-2. The myoepithelial cell morphology changed when the fibronectin substratum and FGF-2 acted together, highlighting the importance of the fibronectin extracellular matrix protein on the behavior of these cells.
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Goursaud S, Schäfer S, Dumont AO, Vergouts M, Gallo A, Desmet N, Deumens R, Hermans E. The anti-inflammatory peptide stearyl-norleucine-VIP delays disease onset and extends survival in a rat model of inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Exp Neurol 2014; 263:91-101. [PMID: 25311268 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has potent immune modulatory actions that may influence the course of neurodegenerative disorders associated with chronic inflammation. Here, we show the therapeutic benefits of a modified peptide agonist stearyl-norleucine-VIP (SNV) in a transgenic rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (mutated superoxide dismutase 1, hSOD1(G93A)). When administered by systemic every-other-day intraperitoneal injections during a period of 80 days before disease, SNV delayed the onset of motor dysfunction by no less than three weeks, while survival was extended by nearly two months. SNV-treated rats showed reduced astro- and microgliosis in the lumbar ventral spinal cord and a significant degree of motor neuron preservation. Throughout the treatment, SNV promoted the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 as well as neurotrophic factors commonly considered as beneficial in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis management (glial derived neuroptrophic factor, insulin like growth factor, brain derived neurotrophic factor). The peptide nearly totally suppressed the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and repressed the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators interleukin-1β, nitric oxide and of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α likely accounted for the observed down-regulation of nuclear factor kappa B that modulates the transcription of genes specifically involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sod1 and the glutamate transporter slc1a2). In line with this, levels of human superoxide dismutase 1 mRNA and protein were decreased by SNV treatment, while the expression and activity of the glutamate transporter-1 was promoted. Considering the large diversity of influences of this peptide on both clinical features of the disease and associated biochemical markers, we propose that SNV or related peptides may constitute promising candidates for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Goursaud
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabrina Schäfer
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amélie O Dumont
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maxime Vergouts
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessandro Gallo
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Desmet
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ronald Deumens
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Hermans
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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Rybinski B, Franco-Barraza J, Cukierman E. The wound healing, chronic fibrosis, and cancer progression triad. Physiol Genomics 2014; 46:223-44. [PMID: 24520152 PMCID: PMC4035661 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00158.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades tumors have been recognized as "wounds that do not heal." Besides the commonalities that tumors and wounded tissues share, the process of wound healing also portrays similar characteristics with chronic fibrosis. In this review, we suggest a tight interrelationship, which is governed as a concurrence of cellular and microenvironmental reactivity among wound healing, chronic fibrosis, and cancer development/progression (i.e., the WHFC triad). It is clear that the same cell types, as well as soluble and matrix elements that drive wound healing (including regeneration) via distinct signaling pathways, also fuel chronic fibrosis and tumor progression. Hence, here we review the relationship between fibrosis and cancer through the lens of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Rybinski
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center/Temple Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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8
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Bono F, De Smet F, Herbert C, De Bock K, Georgiadou M, Fons P, Tjwa M, Alcouffe C, Ny A, Bianciotto M, Jonckx B, Murakami M, Lanahan AA, Michielsen C, Sibrac D, Dol-Gleizes F, Mazzone M, Zacchigna S, Herault JP, Fischer C, Rigon P, Ruiz de Almodovar C, Claes F, Blanc I, Poesen K, Zhang J, Segura I, Gueguen G, Bordes MF, Lambrechts D, Broussy R, van de Wouwer M, Michaux C, Shimada T, Jean I, Blacher S, Noel A, Motte P, Rom E, Rakic JM, Katsuma S, Schaeffer P, Yayon A, Van Schepdael A, Schwalbe H, Gervasio FL, Carmeliet G, Rozensky J, Dewerchin M, Simons M, Christopoulos A, Herbert JM, Carmeliet P. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and growth by a small-molecule multi-FGF receptor blocker with allosteric properties. Cancer Cell 2013; 23:477-88. [PMID: 23597562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) are targets for anticancer drug development. To date, only RTK inhibitors that block orthosteric binding of ligands and substrates have been developed. Here, we report the pharmacologic characterization of the chemical SSR128129E (SSR), which inhibits fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling by binding to the extracellular FGFR domain without affecting orthosteric FGF binding. SSR exhibits allosteric properties, including probe dependence, signaling bias, and ceiling effects. Inhibition by SSR is highly conserved throughout the animal kingdom. Oral delivery of SSR inhibits arthritis and tumors that are relatively refractory to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 antibodies. Thus, orally-active extracellularly acting small-molecule modulators of RTKs with allosteric properties can be developed and may offer opportunities to improve anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Bono
- Early to Candidate Department and Lead Generation and Candidate Realization Department, Sanofi, 31036 Toulouse, France
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9
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Jusufović E, Rijavec M, Keser D, Korošec P, Sodja E, Iljazović E, Radojević Z, Košnik M. let-7b and miR-126 are down-regulated in tumor tissue and correlate with microvessel density and survival outcomes in non--small--cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45577. [PMID: 23029111 PMCID: PMC3454421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical event in the development, progression, and spread of various human cancers, including lung cancer. Molecular mechanisms that underlie the complex regulation of angiogenic processes are poorly understood. However, an increasing body of evidence indicates miRNAs as important regulators of tumor angiogenesis. Forceps biopsies were collected from tumor tissue, surrounding tissue, and non-tumor tissue from 50 NSCLC patients. Lung tissue samples from individuals with no clinical evidence of a cancerous disease served as controls. Immunohistochemical staining for Factor VIII was used to evaluate microvessel density (MVD). TaqMan® primer-probe sets were used in quantitative real-time RT-PCR reactions to determine expression levels of let-7b, miR-126, miR-9, and miR-19a. We demonstrated significantly higher MVD and decreased expression levels of let-7b and miR-126 in tumor tissue and surrounding tissue in comparison to corresponding non-tumor tissue or lung tissue from the control group. In addition, no differences in MVD and expression levels of both miRNAs between tumor tissue and surrounding tissue from NSCLC patients were observed. Low expression of both miRNAs correlated with high MVD and worse progression-free survival and overall survival. These observations strongly suggest similar molecular alternations within tumor tissue and surrounding tissue that comprise a specific microenvironment. Low expression of let-7b and miR-126 seems to have a possible anti-angiogenic role in lung tumor tissue and significantly correlates with worse survival outcomes for lung cancer patients. Moreover, the regulation of let-7b and miR-126 expression could have therapeutic potential because it could reduce tumor angiogenesis and therefore suppress tumor growth in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edin Jusufović
- Polyclinic for Pulmonary Diseases, Medical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Medical Faculty, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Dragan Keser
- Polyclinic for Pulmonary Diseases, Medical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Medical Faculty, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Eva Sodja
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Ermina Iljazović
- Medical Faculty, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Mitja Košnik
- Medical Faculty, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
- * E-mail:
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Szebeni GJ, Kriston-Pál É, Blazsó P, Katona RL, Novák J, Szabó E, Czibula Á, Fajka-Boja R, Hegyi B, Uher F, Krenács L, Joó G, Monostori É. Identification of galectin-1 as a critical factor in function of mouse mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated tumor promotion. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41372. [PMID: 22844466 PMCID: PMC3402504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have recently been implicated as one source of the tumor-associated stroma, which plays essential role in regulating tumor progression. In spite of the intensive research, the individual factors in MSCs controlling tumor progression have not been adequately defined. In the present study we have examined the role of galectin-1 (Gal-1), a protein highly expressed in tumors with poor prognosis, in MSCs in the course of tumor development. Co-transplantation of wild type MSCs with 4T1 mouse breast carcinoma cells enhances the incidence of palpable tumors, growth, vascularization and metastasis. It also reduces survival compared to animals treated with tumor cells alone or in combination with Gal-1 knockout MSCs. In vitro studies show that the absence of Gal-1 in MSCs does not affect the number of migrating MSCs toward the tumor cells, which is supported by the in vivo migration of intravenously injected MSCs into the tumor. Moreover, differentiation of endothelial cells into blood vessel-like structures strongly depends on the expression of Gal-1 in MSCs. Vital role of Gal-1 in MSCs has been further verified in Gal-1 knockout mice. By administering B16F10 melanoma cells into Gal-1 deficient animals, tumor growth is highly reduced compared to wild type animals. Nevertheless, co-injection of wild type but not Gal-1 deficient MSCs results in dramatic tumor growth and development.These results confirm that galectin-1 is one of the critical factors in MSCs regulating tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor János Szebeni
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Kriston-Pál
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Blazsó
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert László Katona
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Julianna Novák
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Enikő Szabó
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Czibula
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Roberta Fajka-Boja
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Beáta Hegyi
- Stem Cell Biology, National Blood Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Uher
- Stem Cell Biology, National Blood Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Krenács
- Tumor Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Joó
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Monostori
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Cuevas P, Angulo J, Giménez-Gallego G. Topical treatment of contact dermatitis by pine processionary caterpillar. BMJ Case Rep 2011; 2011:bcr.06.2011.4351. [PMID: 22688482 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.06.2011.4351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin contact dermatitis by pine processionary (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) is a public health problem of increasing significance. The authors present here the case of a 65-year-old man who was diagnosed with processionary caterpillar dermatitis. Patient was treated with topical potassium dobesilate 5% cream twice a day for 2 days. An improvement occurred soon after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Cuevas
- Research Department, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Huijts PEA, van Dongen M, de Goeij MCM, van Moolenbroek AJ, Blanken F, Vreeswijk MPG, de Kruijf EM, Mesker WE, van Zwet EW, Tollenaar RAEM, Smit VTHBM, van Asperen CJ, Devilee P. Allele-specific regulation of FGFR2 expression is cell type-dependent and may increase breast cancer risk through a paracrine stimulus involving FGF10. Breast Cancer Res 2011; 13:R72. [PMID: 21767389 PMCID: PMC3236336 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction SNPs rs2981582 and rs2981578, located in a linkage disequilibrium block (LD block) within intron 2 of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 gene (FGFR2), are associated with a mildly increased breast cancer risk. Allele-specific regulation of FGFR2 mRNA expression has been reported previously, but the molecular basis for the association of these variants with breast cancer has remained elusive to date. Methods mRNA levels of FGFR2 and three fibroblast growth factor genes (FGFs) were measured in primary fibroblast and epithelial cell cultures from 98 breast cancer patients and correlated to their rs2981578 genotype. The phosphorylation levels of downstream FGFR2 targets, FGF receptor substrate 2α (FRS2α) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), were quantified in skin fibroblasts exposed to FGF2. Immunohistochemical markers for angiogenesis and lymphocytic infiltrate were semiquantitatively assessed in 25 breast tumors. Results The risk allele of rs2981578 was associated with increased FGFR2 mRNA levels in skin fibroblasts, but not in skin epithelial cell cultures. FGFR2 mRNA levels in skin fibroblasts and breast fibroblasts correlated strongly in the patients from whom both cultures were available. Tumor-derived fibroblasts expressed, on average, eight times more FGFR2 mRNA than the corresponding fibroblasts from normal breast tissue. Fibroblasts with higher FGFR2 mRNA expression showed more FRS2α and ERK1/2 phosphorylation after exposure to FGF2. In fibroblasts, higher FGFR2 expression correlated with higher FGF10 expression. In 25 breast tumors, no associations between breast tumor characteristics and fibroblast FGFR2 mRNA levels were found. Conclusions The influence of rs2981578 genotypes on FGFR2 mRNA expression levels is cell type-dependent. Expression differences correlated well with signaling levels of the FGFR2 pathway. Our results suggest that the increased breast cancer risk associated with SNP rs2981578 is due to increased FGFR2 signaling activity in stromal fibroblasts, possibly also involving paracrine FGF10 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra E A Huijts
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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13
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Zhanna Y, Ester H, Lola W, Offer G, Shimon S, Shapira MY. Multidonor bone marrow transplantation improves donor engraftment and increases the graft versus tumor effect while decreasing graft-versus-host disease. Transpl Int 2010; 24:194-200. [PMID: 20854413 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2010.01169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In partially matched donor transplantation, mandatory T-cell depletion (TCD) increases the risks of rejection/graft failure, relapse, and post-transplant infections. A multi-donor approach was offered to resolve some of these drawbacks. This hypothesis was previously tested in a TCD fully mismatched murine model. However, the effect of multi-donor transplantation (MDT) on graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft versus tumor (GVT) effect were never tested. To assess the safety and efficacy of MDT, we used it in non-TCD transplantation and murine breast carcinoma model. We found that when transplanting non-TCD MDT composed by C57Bl/6 and C3H cells into BALB/c, a consistent trichimerism is established, dominated by C57Bl/6 cells. Following MDT the study animals experienced reduced GVHD compare with those transplanted from C57Bl/6 alone, while the GVT effect was superior. We conclude that MDT may serve as a technique that suppresses GVHD while maintaining the GVT effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yekhtina Zhanna
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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14
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Furuse C, Miguita L, Rosa ACG, Soares AB, Martinez EF, Altemani A, de Araújo VC. Study of growth factors and receptors in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2010; 39:540-7. [PMID: 20149060 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00858.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a rare malignant salivary gland tumor derived from a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. It is a good model to study the evolution of carcinogenesis, starting with in situ areas to frankly invasive carcinoma. Growth factors are associated with several biological and neoplastic processes by transmembrane receptors. In order to investigate, by immunohistochemistry, the expression of some growth factors and its receptors [EGF receptor, fibroblast growth factor, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, hepatocyte growth factor, c-Met, transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1, TGFbetaR-II and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1] in the progression of CXPA, we have used ten cases of CXPA in several degrees of invasion- intracapsular, minimally and frankly invasive carcinoma- with only epithelial component. Slides were qualitatively and semi-quantitatively evaluated according to the percentage of stained tumor cells from 0 to 3 (0 = less than 10%; 1 = 10-25%; 2 = 25-50%; 3 = more than 50% of cells). Malignant epithelial cells starting with in situ areas showed stronger expression than luminal cells of pleomorphic adenoma for all antibodies. Most of the intracapsular, minimally and frankly invasive CXPA presented score 3. However, score 2 was more evident in the frankly invasive one. In small nests of invasive carcinoma, negative cells were observed probably indicating that the proliferative process is replaced by the invasive mechanism. Altogether this data infers that these factors may contribute to cell proliferation during initial phases of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Furuse
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Literature Watch. Lymphat Res Biol 2009. [DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2009.7203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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