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Alves RR, Viana RB, Silva MH, Guimarães TC, Vieira CA, Santos DDAT, Gentil PRV. Postactivation Potentiation Improves Performance in a Resistance Training Session in Trained Men. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:3296-3299. [PMID: 31567790 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Alves, RR, Viana, RB, Silva, MH, Guimarães, TC, Vieira, CA, Santos, DdAT, and Gentil, PRV. Postactivation potentiation improves performance in a resistance training session in trained men. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3296-3299, 2021-This study aims to analyze the influence of postactivation potentiation (PAP) on performance during a resistance training (RT) session in trained individuals. Fourteen trained men (25.0 ± 3.5 years; 89.9 ± 16.3 kg; 1.77 ± 0:08 m; 28.0 ± 4.0 kg·m-2; and 5 ± 4 years of RT experience) were tested in 2 situations: with PAP and without PAP (CON). Both situations involved 3 sets of the bench press exercise performed to muscle failure at 75% of the 1 repetition maximum load and with 1.5-minute interval between sets. Total work was greater (p < 0.001) for PAP (1,601 ± 504 kg) than for CON (1,379 ± 364 kg). The number of repetitions performed in the first and second sets of PAP (11.5 ± 3.1 and 6.5 ± 1.9, respectively) were greater (p < 0.05) than those performed in CON (10.4 ± 2.7, 5.5 ± 1.8, respectively). No significant difference was found in the number of repetitions in the last set between the situations. The present study suggests that PAP might be beneficial to improve total work and performance during multiple sets of RT in trained men. Therefore, PAP might be used during RT to promote higher total work and potentially increase results over long term. Thus, the protocol can use in sports centers, fitness centers, and gyms per coaches and athletes to increase performance and total work in trained individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R Alves
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil ; and
| | - Ricardo B Viana
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil ; and
| | - Marcelo H Silva
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil ; and
| | - Thaynã C Guimarães
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil ; and
| | - Carlos A Vieira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil ; and
| | - Douglas de A T Santos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil ; and
- College of Physical Education, State University of Bahia, Teixeira de Freitas, Brazil
| | - Paulo R V Gentil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil ; and
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Moreno-Pérez V, Hernández-Davó JL, Nakamura F, López-Samanes Á, Jiménez-Reyes P, Fernández-Fernández J, Behm DG. Post-activation performance enhancement of dynamic stretching and heavy load warm-up strategies in elite tennis players. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021; 34:413-423. [PMID: 33492271 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-191710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the potential post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) effects of two different warm-up strategies, involving dynamic stretching (DS) or heavy load leg press (HL) on several key physical qualities in tennis players. METHODS Twenty-six elite male tennis players (age: 19.22 ± 4.20 years; body mass: 67.37 ± 8.19 kg; height: 1.77 ± 0.07 m) performed both warm-ups, with 48-hours between protocols (DS and HL), performed in a randomized order. Pre- and post-tests included: countermovement jump, 5-m and 10-m sprint, 5-0-5 agility test, and hip extension and flexion range-of-motion which were performed before and after DS and HL warm-up protocols. RESULTS The DS warm-up led to substantial improvements in 5-m and 10-m sprint, 5-0-5 agility test, countermovement jump, and also to higher hip flexion range-of-motion. The HL warm-up caused impairments in 5-m and 10-m sprints, but improvements in 5-0-5 agility test, countermovement jump and hip extension range-of-motion. Compared to HL, DS warm-up induced possibly to likely positive effects on 5-m and 10-m linear sprint performance, as well as in hip flexion range-of-motion. Nevertheless, no differences in performance improvements in 5-0-5 agility test, countermovement jump and hip extension range-of-motion were found when comparing DS and HL warm-up protocols. CONCLUSION DS seems to be more effective than HL when performing a short warm-up protocol in elite tennis players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Moreno-Pérez
- Sports Research Center, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Fabio Nakamura
- Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brasil.,Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University Institute of Maia (ISMAI), Maia, Portugal
| | - Álvaro López-Samanes
- Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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Luti S, Fiaschi T, Magherini F, Modesti PA, Piomboni P, Semplici B, Morgante G, Amoresano A, Illiano A, Pinto G, Modesti A, Gamberi T. Follicular microenvironment: Oxidative stress and adiponectin correlated with steroids hormones in women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 88:175-184. [PMID: 33336494 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Research has been focused on determining the follicular microenviroment produced by the theca and granulosa cells since the molecular characterisation of this body fluid could lead to the understanding of several fertility problems. Oxidative stress may be one of the factors involved in female infertility since it plays a key role in the modulation of oocyte maturation and finally pregnancy. An increase in oxidative stress is correlated with inflammation and intense research was developed to understand the interaction between inflammation and adiponectin, based on the fact that many adipokines are inflammation related proteins linked to reactive oxygen species production. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between total adiponectin levels and oxidative stress amount in the serum and follicular fluid (FF) of women who undergone in vitro fertilization. Moreover we verified the expression of adiponectin in granulosa and cumulus cells. To clarify the predictive value of steroid hormones in human assisted reproduction, twelve steroid hormones in FF and serum, were quantified in a single run liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, by using a multiple reaction monitoring mode and we related the serum and follicular fluids adiponectin levels with the concentration of the investigated steroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Luti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental, and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tania Fiaschi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental, and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Magherini
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental, and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro A Modesti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Piomboni
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Bianca Semplici
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Morgante
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Illiano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Modesti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental, and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tania Gamberi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental, and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111065. [PMID: 33143147 PMCID: PMC7693221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of training in regulating body mass and performance is well known. Physical training induces metabolic changes in the organism, leading to the activation of adaptive mechanisms aimed at establishing a new dynamic equilibrium. However, exercise can have both positive and negative effects on inflammatory and redox statuses. In recent years, attention has focused on the regulation of energy homeostasis and most studies have reported the involvement of peripheral signals in influencing energy and even inflammatory homeostasis due to overtraining syndrome. Among these, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1β (IL1β) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNFa) were reported to influence energy and even inflammatory homeostasis. However, most studies were performed on sedentary individuals undergoing an aerobic training program. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to focus on high-performance exercise studies performed in athletes to correlate peripheral mediators and key inflammation markers with physiological and pathological conditions in different sports such as basketball, soccer, swimming and cycling.
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Changes in Markers of Oxidative Stress and α-Amylase in Saliva of Children Associated with a Tennis Competition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176269. [PMID: 32872210 PMCID: PMC7503412 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to analyze the changes caused by a one-day tennis tournament in biomarkers of oxidative stress and α-amylase in saliva in children. The sample was 20 male active children with the following characteristics: (a) age of players = 9.46 ± 0.66 years; (b) weight = 34.8 ± 6.5 kg; (c) height = 136.0 ± 7.9 cm; (d) mean weekly training tennis = 2.9 ± 1.0 h. The tennis competition ran for one day, with four matches for each player. Data were taken from the average duration per match and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Four biomarkers of antioxidant status: uric acid (AU), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing ability of saliva (FRAS, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) as a biomarker of psychological stress were measured in saliva. The time points were baseline (at home before the tournament), pre-competition (immediately before the first match) and post-match (after each match) measurements. The four biomarkers of antioxidant status showed a similar dynamic with lower values at baseline and a progressive increase during the four matches. Overall one-day tennis competition in children showed a tendency to increase antioxidant biomarkers in saliva. In addition, there was an increase in pre-competition sAA possibly associated with psychological stress. Further studies about the possible physiological implications of these findings should be performed in the future.
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