Fleissner N, Doss GA, Snyder CJ, Sage AM. Investigation of a maxillary nerve block technique in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus): A cadaveric study comparing two injectate volumes.
Vet Anaesth Analg 2024;
51:90-96. [PMID:
37949742 DOI:
10.1016/j.vaa.2023.09.131]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To investigate and describe an extraoral approach to perform a maxillary nerve block in guinea pigs.
STUDY DESIGN
Prospective, randomized, blinded, descriptive, cadaveric study.
ANIMALS
A total of 14 adult guinea pig cadavers.
METHODS
Two cadavers were used for anatomic dissection and determination of maxillary nerve block approach. A maxillary nerve block via infraorbital approach was then performed in 12 cadavers. A low volume (0.1 mL) or high volume (0.2 mL) of diluted methylene blue injectate was randomly assigned to the right or left side, with the other volume used for the contralateral side. The maxillary nerve was dissected after each injection by an investigator blinded to injectate volume. The region of dye distribution was identified, and the degree of staining assigned an accuracy score (0-2). Nerve coverage was considered adequate if ≥6 mm of circumferential staining was present.
RESULTS
Accuracy evaluation indicated successful dye deposition in 10/12 [2 (0-2), median (range)] injections in the low volume group and 8/12 [2 (1-2)] injections in the high volume group. The majority (79.2%) of injections resulted in adequate nerve staining. There were no statistically significant differences between injectate volumes for accuracy (p = 0.64) or adequacy (p > 0.99) of staining.
CONCLUSIONS
The infraorbital approach is a simple and practical method for maxillary nerve blockade in guinea pigs. An injectate volume of 0.1 mL results in adequate maxillary nerve coverage; however, additional studies are needed to assess the efficacy in clinical use.
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