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Kılıç M, Kara E. Investigation of hearing aid users' speech understanding in noise and their spectral-temporal resolution skills. J Otol 2023; 18:146-151. [PMID: 37497328 PMCID: PMC10366584 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our study aims to compare speech understanding in noise and spectral- temporal resolution skills with regard to the degree of hearing loss, age, hearing aid use experience and gender of hearing aid users. Methods Our study included sixty-eight hearing aid users aged between 40-70 years, with bilateral mild and moderate symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss. Random gap detection test, Turkish matrix test and spectral-temporally modulated ripple test were implemented on the participants with bilateral hearing aids. The test results acquired were compared statistically according to different variables and the correlations were examined. Results No statistically significant differences were observed for speech-in-noise recognition, spectral-temporal resolution among older and younger adults in hearing aid users (p>0.05). There wasn't found a statistically significant difference among test outcomes as regards different hearing loss degrees (p>0.05). Higher performances were obtained in terms of temporal resolution in male participants and participants with more hearing aid use experience (p<0.05). Significant correlations were obtained between the results of speech-in-noise recognition, temporal resolution and spectral resolution tests performed with hearing aids (p<0.05). Conclusion Our study findings emphasized the importance of regular hearing aid use and it showed that some auditory skills can be improved with hearing aids. Observation of correlations among the speech-in-noise recognition, temporal resolution and spectral resolution tests have revealed that these skills should be evaluated as a whole to maximize the patient's communication abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Kılıç
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Institute of Graduate Studies, Department of Audiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eyyup Kara
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Panfil K, Deavours A, Kirkpatrick K. Effects of the estrous cycle on impulsive choice and interval timing in female rats. Horm Behav 2023; 149:105315. [PMID: 36669427 PMCID: PMC9974800 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Research in humans and animals shows differences in impulsive choice, which is a failure to wait for larger, delayed rewards, when comparing males and females. It is possible that fluctuations in sex hormones (estradiol and progesterone) across the reproductive cycle contribute to sex differences in impulsive choice. The current study delivered an impulsive choice task with peak interval trials to female rats while estrous cycles, the rodent reproductive cycle, were tracked over the course of the task. Female rats were more sensitive to changes in delay in the proestrus phase of the estrous cycle and made more larger-later choices when in estrus, particularly when the delay to the smaller reward was short. Estradiol increases dramatically during proestrus while progesterone peaks during estrus, suggesting that estradiol and progesterone may affect impulsive choice through mechanisms such as delay discounting, delay aversion, and/or timing processes. Analyses of timing of the choice task delays showed inconsistent effects of the estrous cycle across delays, suggesting that reward-timing interactions may have complicated how hormone fluctuations affected interval timing. Further research is needed to determine the mechanism underlying increased larger-later choices during the estrus phase, increased delay sensitivity during the proestrus phase, and variability in interval timing across delays and estrous cycle stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Panfil
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States of America.
| | - Aubrey Deavours
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States of America; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Kirkpatrick
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States of America
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Izadifar M. The Neurobiological Basis of the Conundrum of Self-continuity: A Hypothesis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:740542. [PMID: 35664197 PMCID: PMC9159515 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.740542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Life, whatsoever it is, is a temporal flux. Everything is doomed to change often apparently beyond our awareness. My body appears totally different now, so does my mind. I have gained new attitudes and new ambitions, and a substantial number of old ones have been discarded. But, I am still the same person in an ongoing manner. Besides, recent neuroscientific and psychological evidence has shown that our conscious perception happens as a series of discrete or bounded instants-it emerges in temporally scattered, gappy, and discrete forms. But, if it is so, how does the brain persevere our self-continuity (or continuity of identity) in this gappy setting? How is it possible that despite moment-to-moment changes in my appearance and mind, I am still feeling that I am that person? How can we tackle with this second by second gap and resurrection in our existence which leads to a foundation of wholeness and continuity of our self? How is continuity of self (collective set of our connected experiences in the vessel of time) that results in a feeling that one's life has purpose and meaning preserved? To answer these questions, the problem has been comprehended from a philosophical, psychological, and neuroscientific perspective. I realize that first and foremost fact lies in the temporal nature of identity. Having equipped with these thoughts, in this article, it is hypothesized that according to two principles (the principle of reafference or corollary discharge and the principle of a time theory) self-continuity is maintained. It is supposed that there should be a precise temporal integration mechanism in the CNS with the outside world that provides us this smooth, ungappy flow of the Self. However, we are often taken for granted the importance of self-continuity, but it can be challenged by life transitions such as entering adulthood, retirement, senility, emigration, and societal changes such as immigration, globalization, and in much unfortunate and extreme cases of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Izadifar
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Human Science Center, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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4
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Szelag E, Stanczyk M, Szymaszek A. Sub- and Supra-Second Timing in Auditory Perception: Evidence for Cross-Domain Relationships. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:812533. [PMID: 35095407 PMCID: PMC8791025 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.812533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that there are at least two levels of temporal processing: the sub- and supra-second domains. The relationship between these domains remains unclear. The aim of this study was to test whether performance on the sub-second level is related to that on the supra-second one, or whether these two domains operate independently. Participants were 118 healthy adults (mean age = 23 years). The sub-second level was studied with a temporal-order judgment task and indexed by the Temporal Order Threshold (TOT), on which lower values corresponded to better performance. On the basis of TOT results, the initial sample was classified into two groups characterized by either higher temporal efficiency (HTE) or lower temporal efficiency (LTE). Next, the efficiency of performance on the supra-second level was studied in these two groups using the subjective accentuation task, in which participants listened to monotonous sequences of beats and were asked to mentally accentuate every n-th beat to create individual rhythmic patterns. The extent of temporal integration was assessed on the basis of the number of beats being united and better performance corresponded to longer units. The novel results are differences between groups in this temporal integration. The HTE group integrated beats in significantly longer units than did the LTE group. Moreover, for tasks with higher mental load, the HTE group relied more on a constant time strategy, whereas the LTE group relied more on mental counting, probably because of less efficient temporal integration. These findings provide insight into associations between sub- and supra-second levels of processing and point to a common time keeping system, which is active independently of temporal domain.
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Arstila V, Georgescu AL, Pesonen H, Lunn D, Noreika V, Falter-Wagner CM. Event timing in human vision: Modulating factors and independent functions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226122. [PMID: 32853238 PMCID: PMC7451557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential for successful interaction with the environment is the human capacity to resolve events in time. Typical event timing paradigms are judgements of simultaneity (SJ) and of temporal order (TOJ). It remains unclear whether SJ and TOJ are based on the same underlying mechanism and whether there are fixed thresholds for resolution. The current study employed four visual event timing task versions: horizontal and vertical SJ and TOJ. Binary responses were analysed using multilevel binary regression modelling. Modulatory effects of potential explanatory variables on event timing perception were investigated: (1) Individual factors (sex and age), (2) temporal factors (SOA, trial number, order of experiment, order of stimuli orientation, time of day) and (3) spatial factors (left or right stimulus first, top or bottom stimulus first, horizontal vs. vertical orientation). The current study directly compares for the first time, performance on SJ and TOJ tasks using the same paradigm and presents evidence that a variety of factors and their interactions selectively modulate event timing functions in humans, explaining the variance found in previous studies. We conclude that SJ and TOJ are partially independent functions, because they are modulated differently by individual and contextual variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valtteri Arstila
- Department of Philosophy, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Alexandra L. Georgescu
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henri Pesonen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Lunn
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Valdas Noreika
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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6
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Szelag E, Jablonska K, Piotrowska M, Szymaszek A, Bednarek H. Spatial and Spectral Auditory Temporal-Order Judgment (TOJ) Tasks in Elderly People Are Performed Using Different Perceptual Strategies. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2557. [PMID: 30618978 PMCID: PMC6297714 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Temporal-Order Judgment (TOJ) paradigm has been widely investigated in previous studies as an accurate measure of temporal resolution and sequencing abilities in the millisecond time range. Two auditory TOJ tasks are often used: (1) a spatial TOJ task, in which two identical stimuli are presented in rapid succession monaurally and the task is to indicate which ear received the first stimulus and which ear received the second one (left-right or right-left), and (2) a spectral TOJ task, in which two tones of different frequencies are presented asynchronously to both ears binaurally and the task is to report the sequence of these tones (low-high or high-low). The previous literature studies conducted on young volunteers indicated that the measured temporal acuity on these two tasks depended on the procedure used. As considerable data are now available about age-related decline in temporal resolution ability, the aim of the present study was to compare in elderly subjects the pattern of performance on these two tasks. A total of 40 normal healthy volunteers aged from 62 to 78 years performed two TOJ tasks. The measurement was repeated in two consecutive sessions. Temporal resolution was indexed by the Auditory Temporal-Order Threshold (ATOT), i.e., the minimum time gap between successive stimuli necessary for a participant to report a before-after relation with 75% correctness. The main finding of the present study was the indication of differences in the elderly in performance on two tasks. In the spatial task, the distribution of obtained ATOT values did not deviate from the Gaussian distribution. In contrast, the distribution of data in the spectral task deviated significantly from the Gaussian and was spread more to the right. Although lower ATOT values were usually observed in Session 2 than in Session 1, such difference was significant only in the spectral task. We conclude that although temporal acuity and sequencing abilities in the millisecond time range are probably based in neuronal oscillatory activity, the measured ATOTs in the elderly seem to be stimulus-dependent, procedure-related, and influenced by the perceptual strategies used by participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Szelag
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jablonska
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Piotrowska
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Szymaszek
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Bednarek
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Ronen M, Lifshitz-Ben-Basat A, Taitelbaum-Swead R, Fostick L. Auditory temporal processing, reading, and phonological awareness among aging adults. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2018; 190:1-10. [PMID: 29986206 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory temporal processing (ATP) has been related in the literature to both speech perception as well as reading and phonological awareness. In aging adults, it is known to be related to difficulties in speech perception. In the present study, we aimed to test whether an age-related deficit in ATP would also be accompanied by poor reading and phonological awareness. Thirty-eight aging adults were compared to 55 readers with dyslexia and 42 young normal readers on temporal order judgment (TOJ), speech perception, reading, and phonological awareness tests. Aging adults had longer TOJ thresholds than young normal readers, but shorter than readers with dyslexia; however, they had lower speech perception accuracy than both groups. Phonological awareness of the aging adults was better than readers with dyslexia, but poorer than young normal readers, although their reading accuracy was similar to that of the young controls. This is the first report on poor phonological awareness among aging adults. Suprisingly, it was not accompanied by difficulties in reading ability, and might instead be related to aging adults' difficulties in speech perception. This newly discovered relationship between ATP and phonological awareness among aging adults appears to extend the existing understanding of this relationship, and suggests it should be explored in other groups with ATP deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Ronen
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Israel
| | | | | | - Leah Fostick
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ariel University, Israel.
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8
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Huyck JJ, Wright BA. Transient sex differences during adolescence on auditory perceptual tasks. Dev Sci 2017; 21:e12574. [PMID: 28585226 DOI: 10.1111/desc.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Many perceptual abilities differ between the sexes. Because these sex differences have been documented almost exclusively in adults, they have been attributed to sex-specific neural circuitry that emerges during development and is maintained in the mature perceptual system. To investigate whether behavioral sex differences in perception can also have other origins, we compared performance between males and females ranging in age from 8 to 30 years on auditory temporal-interval discrimination and tone-in-noise detection tasks on which there are no sex differences in adults. If sex differences in perception arise only from the establishment and subsequent maintenance of sex-specific neural circuitry, there should be no sex differences during development on these tasks. In contrast, sex differences emerged in adolescence but resolved by adulthood on two of the six conditions, with signs of a similar pattern on a third condition. In each case, males reached mature performance earlier than females, resulting in a sex difference in the interim. These results suggest that sex differences in perception may arise from differences in the maturational timing of common circuitry used by both sexes. They also imply that sex differences in perceptual abilities may be more prevalent than previously thought based on adult data alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jones Huyck
- Speech Pathology and Audiology Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Beverly A Wright
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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9
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Large cross-sectional study of presbycusis reveals rapid progressive decline in auditory temporal acuity. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 43:72-8. [PMID: 27255816 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The auditory system relies on extraordinarily precise timing cues for the accurate perception of speech, music, and object identification. Epidemiological research has documented the age-related progressive decline in hearing sensitivity that is known to be a major health concern for the elderly. Although smaller investigations indicate that auditory temporal processing also declines with age, such measures have not been included in larger studies. Temporal gap detection thresholds (TGDTs; an index of auditory temporal resolution) measured in 1071 listeners (aged 18-98 years) were shown to decline at a minimum rate of 1.05 ms (15%) per decade. Age was a significant predictor of TGDT when controlling for audibility (partial correlation) and when restricting analyses to persons with normal-hearing sensitivity (n = 434). The TGDTs were significantly better for males (3.5 ms; 51%) than females when averaged across the life span. These results highlight the need for indices of temporal processing in diagnostics, as treatment targets, and as factors in models of aging.
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10
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Bao Y, Szymaszek A, Wang X, Oron A, Pöppel E, Szelag E. Temporal order perception of auditory stimuli is selectively modified by tonal and non-tonal language environments. Cognition 2013; 129:579-85. [PMID: 24060605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2013.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The close relationship between temporal perception and speech processing is well established. The present study focused on the specific question whether the speech environment could influence temporal order perception in subjects whose language backgrounds are distinctively different, i.e., Chinese (tonal language) vs. Polish (non-tonal language). Temporal order thresholds were measured for both monaurally presented clicks and binaurally presented tone pairs. Whereas the click experiment showed similar order thresholds for the two language groups, the experiment with tone pairs resulted in different observations: while Chinese demonstrated better performance in discriminating the temporal order of two "close frequency" tone pairs (600 Hz and 1200 Hz), Polish subjects showed a reversed pattern, i.e., better performance for "distant frequency" tone pairs (400 Hz and 3000 Hz). These results indicate on the one hand a common temporal mechanism for perceiving the order of two monaurally presented stimuli, and on the other hand neuronal plasticity for perceiving the order of frequency-related auditory stimuli. We conclude that the auditory brain is modified with respect to temporal processing by long-term exposure to a tonal or a non-tonal language. As a consequence of such an exposure different cognitive modes of operation (analytic vs. holistic) are selected: the analytic mode is adopted for "distant frequency" tone pairs in Chinese and for "close frequency" tone pairs in Polish subjects, whereas the holistic mode is selected for "close frequency" tone pairs in Chinese and for "distant frequency" tone pairs in Polish subjects, reflecting a double dissociation of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bao
- Department of Psychology & Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (MoE), Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; Human Science Center & Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80336 München, Germany.
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11
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Balcı F, Wiener M, Çavdaroğlu B, Branch Coslett H. Epistasis effects of dopamine genes on interval timing and reward magnitude in humans. Neuropsychologia 2013; 51:293-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kempe V, Thoresen JC, Kirk NW, Schaeffler F, Brooks PJ. Individual differences in the discrimination of novel speech sounds: effects of sex, temporal processing, musical and cognitive abilities. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48623. [PMID: 23139806 PMCID: PMC3489723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether rapid temporal auditory processing, verbal working memory capacity, non-verbal intelligence, executive functioning, musical ability and prior foreign language experience predicted how well native English speakers (N = 120) discriminated Norwegian tonal and vowel contrasts as well as a non-speech analogue of the tonal contrast and a native vowel contrast presented over noise. Results confirmed a male advantage for temporal and tonal processing, and also revealed that temporal processing was associated with both non-verbal intelligence and speech processing. In contrast, effects of musical ability on non-native speech-sound processing and of inhibitory control on vowel discrimination were not mediated by temporal processing. These results suggest that individual differences in non-native speech-sound processing are to some extent determined by temporal auditory processing ability, in which males perform better, but are also determined by a host of other abilities that are deployed flexibly depending on the characteristics of the target sounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Kempe
- University of Abertay Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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13
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Williams CL. Sex differences in counting and timing. Front Integr Neurosci 2012; 5:88. [PMID: 22319476 PMCID: PMC3251826 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2011.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Rammsayer T, Troche S. Sex differences in the processing of temporal information in the sub-second range. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Shrivastav MN, Humes LE, Aylsworth L. Temporal order discrimination of tonal sequences by younger and older adults: the role of duration and rate. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2008; 124:462-71. [PMID: 18646990 PMCID: PMC2809698 DOI: 10.1121/1.2932089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 03/20/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effect of tone duration and presentation rate on the discrimination of the temporal order of the middle two tones of a four-tone sequence was investigated in young normal-hearing (YNH) and older hearing-impaired (OHI) listeners. The frequencies and presentation level of the tone sequences were selected to minimize the effect of hearing loss on the performance of the OHI listeners. Tone durations varied from 20 to 400 ms and presentation rates from 2.5 to 25 toness. Two experiments were conducted with anisochronous (nonuniform duration and rate across entire sequence) and isochronous (uniform rate and duration) sequences, respectively. For the YNH listeners, performance for both isochronous and anisochronous sequences was determined primarily by presentation rate such that performance decreased at rates faster than 5 toness. For anisochronous tone sequences alone, the effects of rate were more pronounced at short tone durations. For the OHI listeners, both presentation rate and tone duration had an impact on performance for both isochronous and anisochronous sequences such that performance decreased as rate increased above 5 toness or duration decreased below 40 ms. Temporal masking was offered as an explanation for the interaction of short durations and fast rates on temporal order discrimination for the anisochronous sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mini N Shrivastav
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, 336 Dauer Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
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Rostad K, Mayer A, Fung TS, Brown LN. Sex-related differences in the correlations for tactile temporal thresholds, interhemispheric transfer times, and nonverbal intelligence. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2007.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Szymaszek A, Szelag E, Sliwowska M. Auditory perception of temporal order in humans: The effect of age, gender, listener practice and stimulus presentation mode. Neurosci Lett 2006; 403:190-4. [PMID: 16750883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2005] [Revised: 02/22/2006] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The temporal order (TO) of two auditory stimuli can be reported correctly when they are separated by a gap of approximate 30 ms. Since no clear evidence on individual differences in human sequencing abilities exists, we tested the effect of subjects' age and gender, as well as physical properties of presented stimuli and listener practice on the perception of TO. In two experiments, young and elderly listeners reported the TO of two clicks or tones. The TO threshold (i.e. the minimum temporal gap required to report the stimulus order at 75% correctness) was lower in young than elderly listeners, in men than women and for tones than clicks. Age-related deterioration depended on the physical properties of presented stimuli, remaining resistant to both gender and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Szymaszek
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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