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Kulus J, Kranc W, Kulus M, Dzięgiel P, Bukowska D, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Antosik P. Expression of genes regulating cell division in porcine follicular granulosa cells. Cell Div 2023; 18:12. [PMID: 37550786 PMCID: PMC10408085 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell cycle regulation influences the proliferation of granulosa cells and affects many processes related to ovarian folliclular growth and ovulation. Abnormal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to many diseases within the ovary. The aim of this study was to describe the expression profile of genes within granulosa cells, which are related to the formation of the cytoskeleton, organization of cell organelles inside the cell, and regulation of cell division. Established in vitro primary cultures from porcine ovarian follicle granulosa cells were maintained for 48, 96, 144 h and evaluated via microarray expression analysis. RESULTS Analyzed genes were assigned to 12 gene ontology groups "actin cytoskeleton organization", "actin filament organization", "actin filament-based process", "cell-matrix adhesion", "cell-substrate adhesion", "chromosome segregation", "chromosome separation", "cytoskeleton organization", "DNA integrity checkpoint", "DNA replication initiation", "organelle fision", "organelle organization". Among the genes with significantly changed expression, those whose role in processes within the ovary are selected for consideration. Genes with increased expression include (ITGA11, CNN1, CCl2, TPM2, ACTN1, VCAM-1, COL3A1, GSN, FRMD6, PLK2). Genes with reduced expression inlcude (KIF14, TACC3, ESPL1, CDC45, TTK, CDC20, CDK1, FBXO5, NEK2-NIMA, CCNE2). For the results obtained by microarray expressions, quantitative validation by RT-qPCR was performed. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated expression profile of genes, which can be considered as new molecular markers of cellular processes involved in signaling, cell structure organization. The expression profile of selected genes brings new insight into regulation of physiological processes in porcine follicular granulosa cells during primary in vitro culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland.
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
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Chermuła B, Kranc W, Celichowski P, Stelmach B, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Mozdziak P, Pawelczyk L, Spaczyński RZ, Kempisty B. Cellular Processes in Human Ovarian Follicles Are Regulated by Expression Profile of New Gene Markers—Clinical Approach. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010073. [PMID: 35011815 PMCID: PMC8745700 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the growing ovarian follicle, the maturing oocyte is accompanied by cumulus (CCs) and granulosa (GCs) cells. Currently, there remain many unanswered questions about the epithelial origin of these cells. Global and targeted gene transcript levels were assessed on 1, 7, 15, 30 days of culture for CCs and GCs. Detailed analysis of the genes belonging to epithelial cell-associated ontological groups allowed us to assess a total of 168 genes expressed in CCs (97 genes) and GCs (71 genes) during long-term in vitro culture. Expression changes of the analyzed genes allowed the identification of the group of genes: TGFBR3, PTGS2, PRKX, AHI1, and IL11, whose expression decreased the most and the group of ANXA3, DKK1, CCND1, STC1, CAV1, and SFRP4 genes, whose expression significantly increased. These genes’ expression indicates CCs and GCs epithelialization processes and their epithelial origin. Expression change analysis of genes involved in epithelization processes in GCs and CCs during their in vitro culture made it possible to describe the most significantly altered of the 11 genes. Detailed analysis of gene expression in these two cell populations at different time intervals confirms their ovarian surface epithelial origin. Furthermore, some gene expression profiles appear to have tumorigenic properties, suggesting that granulosa cells may play a role in cancerogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Chermuła
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (B.C.); (B.S.); (L.P.); (R.Z.S.)
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Bogusława Stelmach
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (B.C.); (B.S.); (L.P.); (R.Z.S.)
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd St., 60-631 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarina St., 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Leszek Pawelczyk
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (B.C.); (B.S.); (L.P.); (R.Z.S.)
| | - Robert Zygmunt Spaczyński
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (B.C.); (B.S.); (L.P.); (R.Z.S.)
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 1 Lwowska St., 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-854-6418; Fax: +48-61-854-6440
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Jang MJ, Lim C, Lim B, Kim JM. Integrated multiple transcriptomes in oviductal tissue across the porcine oestrous cycle reveal functional roles in oocyte maturation and transport. J Anim Sci 2021; 100:6464098. [PMID: 34918099 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the changes in the swine female reproductive system is important for solving issues related to reproductive failure and litter size. Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of the natural oestrous cycle in the oviduct under non-fertilisation conditions can improve our understanding of its role in the reproductive system. Herein, whole transcriptome RNA sequencing of oviduct tissue samples was performed. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified for each time point relative to Day 0 and classified into three clusters based on their expression patterns. Clusters 1 and 2 included genes involved in the physiological changes through the oestrous cycle. Cluster 1 genes were mainly involved in PI3K-Akt signalling and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. Cluster 2 genes were involved in extracellular matrix-receptor interactions and protein digestion pathways. In Cluster 3, the DEGs were downregulated in the luteal phase; they were strongly associated with cell cycle, calcium signalling, and oocyte meiosis. The gene expression in the oviduct during the oestrous cycle influenced oocyte transport and fertilisation. Our findings provide a basis for successfully breeding pigs and elucidating the mechanisms underlying the changes in the pig oviduct during the oestrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jae Jang
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Chiwoong Lim
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeonghwi Lim
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Kim
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
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Transcriptomic Profile of New Gene Markers Encoding Proteins Responsible for Structure of Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111214. [PMID: 34827207 PMCID: PMC8615192 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The extracellular matrix (ECM) is involved in many physiological processes that occur in the ovary and affect reproduction in animals and humans. The ECM has been shown to significantly affect folliculogenesis, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation. This is mainly due to the involvement of ECM in intercellular signaling. In the present study, we report the gene expression profile of porcine granulosa cells during their primary in vitro culture. The genes presented are related to ECM formation but also to cadherins and integrins that influence intercellular dialogue. During the study, it was shown that most of the genes were upregulated. A detailed understanding of the expression of genes such as POSTN, CHI3L1, CAV-1, IRS1, DCN in in vitro culture of granulosa cells may provide a basis for further studies on the molecular mechanisms occurring within the ovary. Knowledge of ECM-related gene expression within granulosa cells can also be used to study the recently discovered stemness of these cells. Moreover, the presented data may serve for the development of assisted reproduction techniques, which, especially in vitro, are becoming increasingly common. Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) in granulosa cells is functionally very important, and it is involved in many processes related to ovarian follicle growth and ovulation. The aim of this study was to describe the expression profile of genes within granulosa cells that are associated with extracellular matrix formation, intercellular signaling, and cell–cell fusion. The material for this study was ovaries of sexually mature pigs obtained from a commercial slaughterhouse. Laboratory-derived granulosa cells (GCs) from ovarian follicles were cultured in a primary in vitro culture model. The extracted genetic material (0, 48, 96, and 144 h) were subjected to microarray expression analysis. Among 81 genes, 66 showed increased expression and only 15 showed decreased expression were assigned to 7 gene ontology groups “extracellular matrix binding”, “extracellular matrix structural constituent”, “binding, bridging”, “cadherin binding”, “cell adhesion molecule binding”, “collagen binding” and “cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion”. The 10 genes with the highest expression (POSTN, ITGA2, FN1, LAMB1, ITGB3, CHI3L1, PCOLCE2, CAV1, DCN, COL14A1) and 10 of the most down-regulated (SPP1, IRS1, CNTLN, TMPO, PAICS, ANK2, ADAM23, ABI3BP, DNAJB1, IGF1) were selected for further analysis. The results were validated by RT-qPCR. The current results may serve as preliminary data for further analyses using in vitro granulosa cell cultures in assisted reproduction technologies, studies of pathological processes in the ovary as well as in the use of the stemness potential of GCs.
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Kulus M, Kranc W, Jeseta M, Sujka-Kordowska P, Konwerska A, Ciesiółka S, Celichowski P, Moncrieff L, Kocherova I, Józkowiak M, Kulus J, Wieczorkiewicz M, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Skowroński MT, Bukowska D, Machatkova M, Hanulakova S, Mozdziak P, Jaśkowski JM, Kempisty B, Antosik P. Cortical Granule Distribution and Expression Pattern of Genes Regulating Cellular Component Size, Morphogenesis, and Potential to Differentiation are Related to Oocyte Developmental Competence and Maturational Capacity In Vivo and In Vitro. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070815. [PMID: 32708880 PMCID: PMC7397037 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyspermia is an adverse phenomenon during mammalian fertilization when more than one sperm fuses with a single oocyte. The egg cell is prepared to prevent polyspermia by, among other ways, producing cortical granules (CGs), which are specialized intracellular structures containing enzymes that aim to harden the zona pellucida and block the fusion of subsequent sperm. This work focused on exploring the expression profile of genes that may be associated with cortical reactions, and evaluated the distribution of CGs in immature oocytes and the peripheral density of CGs in mature oocytes. Oocytes were isolated and then processed for in vitro maturation (IVM). Transcriptomic analysis of genes belonging to five ontological groups has been conducted. Six genes showed increased expression after IVM (ARHGEF2, MAP1B, CXCL12, FN1, DAB2, and SOX9), while the majority of genes decreased expression after IVM. Using CG distribution analysis in immature oocytes, movement towards the cortical zone of the oocyte during meiotic competence acquisition was observed. CGs peripheral density decreased with the rise in meiotic competence during the IVM process. The current results reveal important new insights into the in vitro maturation of oocytes. Our results may serve as a basis for further studies to investigate the cortical reaction of oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (I.K.)
| | - Michal Jeseta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Patrycja Sujka-Kordowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Aneta Konwerska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Sylwia Ciesiółka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Lisa Moncrieff
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Ievgeniia Kocherova
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (I.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Józkowiak
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (H.P.-K.)
| | - Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (J.M.J.)
| | - Maria Wieczorkiewicz
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.W.); (M.T.S.)
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (H.P.-K.)
| | - Mariusz T. Skowroński
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.W.); (M.T.S.)
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (J.M.J.)
| | - Marie Machatkova
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (S.H.)
| | - Sarka Hanulakova
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (S.H.)
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Jędrzej M. Jaśkowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (J.M.J.)
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (I.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-854-6418
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
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Chermuła B, Jeseta M, Sujka-Kordowska P, Konwerska A, Jankowski M, Kranc W, Kocherova I, Celichowski P, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Milakovic I, Machatkova M, Pawelczyk L, Iżycki D, Zabel M, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Piotrowska-Kempisty H. Genes regulating hormone stimulus and response to protein signaling revealed differential expression pattern during porcine oocyte in vitro maturation, confirmed by lipid concentration. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 154:77-95. [PMID: 32189110 PMCID: PMC7343741 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Genes influencing oocyte maturation may be valuable for predicting their developmental potential, as well as discerning the mechanistic pathways regulating oocyte development. In the presented research microarray gene expression analysis of immature and in vitro matured porcine oocytes was performed. Two groups of oocytes were compared in the study: before (3 × n = 50) and after in vitro maturation (3 × n = 50). The selection of viable oocytes was performed using the brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) test. Furthermore, microarrays and RT-qPCR was used to analyze the transcriptome of the oocytes before and after IVM. The study focused on the genes undergoing differential expression in two gene-ontology groups: “Cellular response to hormone stimulus” and “Cellular response to unfolded protein”, which contain genes that may directly or indirectly be involved in signal transduction during oocyte maturation. Examination of all the genes of interest showed a lower level of their expression after IVM. From the total number of genes in these gene ontologies ten of the highest change in expression were identified: FOS, ID2, BTG2, CYR61, ESR1, AR, TACR3, CCND2, EGR2 and TGFBR3. The successful maturation of the oocytes was additionally confirmed with the use of lipid droplet assay. The genes were briefly described and related to the literature sources, to investigate their potential roles in the process of oocyte maturation. The results of the study may serve as a basic molecular reference for further research aimed at improving the methods of oocyte in vitro maturation, which plays an important role in the procedures of assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Chermuła
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Jeseta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Patrycja Sujka-Kordowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aneta Konwerska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maurycy Jankowski
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ievgeniia Kocherova
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Elementary and Preclinical Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | | | | | - Leszek Pawelczyk
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dariusz Iżycki
- Chair of Biotechnology, Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781, Poznan, Poland.
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland.
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7
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Kulus M, Kranc W, Sujka-Kordowska P, Mozdziak P, Jankowski M, Konwerska A, Kulus J, Bukowska D, Skowroński M, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Nowicki M, Kempisty B, Antosik P. The processes of cellular growth, aging, and programmed cell death are involved in lifespan of ovarian granulosa cells during short-term IVC - Study based on animal model. Theriogenology 2020; 148:76-88. [PMID: 32160576 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The oogenesis and folliculogenesis are closely linked and occur simultaneously in the growing ovarian follicles. Biochemical and morphological changes in oocytes (OC) and surrounding granulosa cells (GCs) are highly complex and depend on many factors, including intercellular communication. GCs are cells with many functions, often crucial for the proper viability of the oocyte and subsequent positive fertilization. The purpose of this study was to analyze gene expression in porcine GCs, to define differentially expressed genes belongs to the "cell growth", "aging", "positive regulation of cell death", "apoptotic process", "regulation of cell death", "cell death" and "negative regulation of cell death" ontology groups during the short - term primary in vitro culture. Microarrays were employed to study the transcriptome contained in the total RNA of the cultured GCs. Ovaries were obtained after slaughter, from 40 gilts of swine aged 170 days. The cells were obtained through puncture of the ovaries, collection of follicular fluid, removal of the cumulus - oocyte complexes and centrifugation. The cells were then cultured in vitro. The RNA material was obtained before the culture was established (0h) and then after 48h, 96h and 144h of its course. From 182 differently expressed genes belonging to the these ontology groups, we have selected POSTN, FN1, FMOD, ITGB3, DCN, SERPINB2, SFRP2, IGFBP5, EMP1, and CCL2 which were upregulated, as well as DAPL1, ESR1, IHH, TGFBR3, PPARD, PDK4, TXNIP, IFIT3, CSRNP3, and TNFSF10 genes whose expression was downregulated during the time of in vitro culture of the GCs. The significance of the differential gene expression is to provide new information on the molecular aspects of in vitro granulosa cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Maurycy Jankowski
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aneta Konwerska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Mariusz Skowroński
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | | | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland; Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
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8
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Brązert M, Kranc W, Chermuła B, Kowalska K, Jankowski M, Celichowski P, Jeseta M, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Pawelczyk L, Zabel M, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B. Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells Isolated during an IVF Procedure Exhibit Differential Expression of Genes Regulating Cell Division and Mitotic Spindle Formation. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122026. [PMID: 31756998 PMCID: PMC6947147 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cells (GCs) are a population of somatic cells whose role after ovulation is progesterone production. GCs were collected from patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation during an in vitro fertilization procedure, and they were maintained for 1, 7, 15, and 30 days of in vitro primary culture before collection for further gene expression analysis. A study of genes involved in the biological processes of interest was carried out using expression microarrays. To validate the obtained results, Reverse Transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed. The direction of changes in the expression of the selected genes was confirmed in most of the examples. Six ontological groups ("cell cycle arrest", "cell cycle process", "mitotic spindle organization", "mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint", "mitotic spindle assembly", and "mitotic spindle checkpoint") were analyzed in this study. The results of the microarrays obtained by us allowed us to identify two groups of genes whose expressions were the most upregulated (FAM64A, ANLN, TOP2A, CTGF, CEP55, BIRC5, PRC1, DLGAP5, GAS6, and NDRG1) and the most downregulated (EREG, PID1, INHA, RHOU, CXCL8, SEPT6, EPGN, RDX, WNT5A, and EZH2) during the culture. The cellular ultrastructure showed the presence of structures characteristic of mitotic cell division: a centrosome surrounded by a pericentric matrix, a microtubule system, and a mitotic spindle connected to chromosomes. The main goal of the study was to identify the genes involved in mitotic division and to identify the cellular ultrastructure of GCs in a long-term in vitro culture. All of the genes in these groups were subjected to downstream analysis, and their function and relation to the ovarian environment are discussed. The obtained results suggest that long-term in vitro cultivation of GCs may lead to their differentiation toward another cell type, including cells with cancer-like characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Brązert
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznań, Poland; (M.B.); (B.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (W.K.); (M.J.)
| | - Błażej Chermuła
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznań, Poland; (M.B.); (B.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Kowalska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Maurycy Jankowski
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (W.K.); (M.J.)
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Michal Jeseta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 20 Jihlavská St., 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd St., 60-631 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Leszek Pawelczyk
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznań, Poland; (M.B.); (B.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego St., 50-368 Wrocław, Poland;
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7608, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA;
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (W.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego St., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (P.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 20 Jihlavská St., 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-618-546-567; Fax: +48-618-546-568
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9
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Brązert M, Kranc W, Celichowski P, Ożegowska K, Budna-Tukan J, Jeseta M, Pawelczyk L, Bruska M, Zabel M, Nowicki M, Kempisty B. Novel markers of human ovarian granulosa cell differentiation toward osteoblast lineage: A microarray approach. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4403-4414. [PMID: 31702034 PMCID: PMC6797957 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, human ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), are responsible for a number of processes associated with folliculogenesis and oogenesis. The primary functions of GCs in the individual phases of follicle growth are: Hormone production in response to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), induction of ovarian follicle atresia through specific molecular markers and production of nexus cellular connections for communication with the oocyte. In recent years, interest in obtaining stem cells from particular tissues, including the ovary, has increased. Special attention has been paid to the novel properties of GCs during long‑term in vitro culture. It has been demonstrated that the usually recycled material in the form of follicular fluid can be a source of cells with stem‑like properties. The study group consisted of patients enrolled in the in vitro fertilization procedure. Total RNA was isolated from GCs at 4 time points (after 1, 7, 15 and 30 days of culture) and was used for microarray expression analysis (Affymetrix® Human HgU 219 Array). The expression of 22,480 transcripts was examined. The selection of significantly altered genes was based on a P‑value <0.05 and expression higher than two‑fold. The leucine rich repeat containing 17, collagen type I α1 chain, bone morphogenetic protein 4, twist family bHLH transcription factor 1, insulin like growth factor binding protein 5, GLI family zinc finger 2 and collagen triple helix repeat containing genes exhibited the highest changes in expression. Reverse‑transcription‑quantitative PCR was performed to validate the results obtained in the analysis of expression microarrays. The direction of expression changes was validated in the majority of cases. The presented results indicated that GCs have the potential of cells that can differentiate towards osteoblasts in long‑term in vitro culture conditions. Increased expression of genes associated with the osteogenesis process suggests a potential for uninduced change of GC properties towards the osteoblast phenotype. The present study, therefore, suggests that GCs may become an excellent starting material in obtaining stable osteoblast cultures. GCs differentiated towards osteoblasts may be used in regenerative and reconstructive medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Brązert
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ożegowska
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Budna-Tukan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Jeseta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Leszek Pawelczyk
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bruska
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
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10
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Kulus M, Sujka-Kordowska P, Konwerska A, Celichowski P, Kranc W, Kulus J, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Iżycki D, Bruska M, Zabel M, Nowicki M, Kempisty B. New Molecular Markers Involved in Regulation of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Morphogenesis, Development and Differentiation during Short-Term Primary In Vitro Culture-Transcriptomic and Histochemical Study Based on Ovaries and Individual Separated Follicles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163966. [PMID: 31443152 PMCID: PMC6721001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, science has a lot of knowledge about the physiology of ovarian processes, especially folliculogenesis, hormone production and ovulation. However, the molecular basis for these processes remains largely undiscovered. The cell layer surrounding the growing oocyte—granulosa cells—are characterized by high physiological capabilities (e.g., proliferation, differentiation) and potential for growth in primary cultures, which predisposes them for analysis in the context of possible application of their cultures in advanced methods of assisted reproduction. In this study, we have used standard molecular approaches to analyze markers of these processes in primarily in vitro cultured porcine granulosa, subjected to conditions usually applied to cultures of similar cells. The material for our research came from commercially slaughtered pigs. The cells were obtained by enzymatic digestion of tissues and in vitro culture in appropriate conditions. The obtained genetic material (RNA) was collected at specific time intervals (0 h—before culture; reference, 48, 98, 144 h) and then analyzed using expression microarrays. Genes that showed a fold change greater than |2| and an adjusted p value lower than 0.05 were described as differentially expressed. Three groups of genes: “Cell morphogenesis”, “cell differentiation” and “cell development” were analyzed. From 265 differently expressed genes that belong to chosen ontology groups we have selected DAPL1, CXCL10, NEBL, IHH, TGFBR3, SCUBE1, DAB1, ITM2A, MCOLN3, IGF1 which are most downregulated and PDPN, CAV1, TMOD1, TAGLN, IGFBP5, ITGB3, LAMB1, FN1, ITGA2, POSTN genes whose expression is upregulated through the time of culture, on which we focused in downstream analysis. The results were also validated using RT-qPCR. The aim of our work was to conduct primary in vitro culture of granulosa cells, as well as to analyze the expression of gene groups in relation to the proliferation of follicular granulosa cells in the model of primary culture in real time. This knowledge should provide us with a molecular insight into the processes occurring during the in vitro cultures of porcine granulosa cells, serving as a basic molecular entry on the extent of the loss of their physiological properties, as well as gain of new, culture-specific traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kulus
- Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Patrycja Sujka-Kordowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aneta Konwerska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Kulus
- Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Antosik
- Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Dariusz Iżycki
- Chair of Biotechnology, Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bruska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland.
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic.
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11
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Ożegowska K, Brązert M, Ciesiółka S, Nawrocki MJ, Kranc W, Celichowski P, Jankowski M, Bryja A, Jeseta M, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Skowroński MT, Bruska M, Pawelczyk L, Zabel M, Nowicki M, Kempisty B. Genes Involved in the Processes of Cell Proliferation, Migration, Adhesion, and Tissue Development as New Potential Markers of Porcine Granulosa Cellular Processes In Vitro: A Microarray Approach. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:549-560. [PMID: 31120353 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper course of folliculogenesis and oogenesis have an enormous impact on female fertility. Both processes take place in the ovary and involve not only the maturing germ cell, but also few types of somatic cells that assist the ovarian processes and mediate the dialog with the oocyte. These cells, granulosa and theca, are heavily involved in essential reproductive processes, such as ovulation, fertilization, and embryo implantation. In this study, we have used the expressive microarray approach to analyze the transcriptome of porcine granulosa cells, during short-term in vitro culture. We have further selected differentially expressed gene ontologies, involved in cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and tissue development, namely, "cell-cell adhesion," "cell motility," "cell proliferation," "tissue development," and "tissue migration" to screen them for the possibility of discovery of new markers of those processes. A total of 303 genes, expression of which varied significantly in different culture periods and belonged to the analyzed ontology groups, were detected, of which 15 that varied the most (between 0 and 48 h of culture) were selected for validation. As the validation confirmed the transcriptomic patterns, 10 genes of biggest changes in expression (CAV1, IGFBP5, ITGB3, FN1, ITGA2, LAMB1, POSTN, FAM83D, KIF14, and CDK1) were analyzed, described, and referred to the context of the study, with the most promising new markers and further proof for the viability of the currently recognized ones detailed. Overall, the study provided valuable insight into the molecular functioning of in vitro granulosa cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ożegowska
- 1 Department of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Brązert
- 1 Department of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sylwia Ciesiółka
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz J Nawrocki
- 3 Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- 3 Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maurycy Jankowski
- 3 Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Artur Bryja
- 3 Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Jeseta
- 4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paweł Antosik
- 5 Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- 5 Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Bruska
- 3 Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Leszek Pawelczyk
- 1 Department of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- 6 Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,7 Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,3 Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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12
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Transcriptomic Pattern of Genes Regulating Protein Response and Status of Mitochondrial Activity Are Related to Oocyte Maturational Competence-A Transcriptomic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092238. [PMID: 31067669 PMCID: PMC6539048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to identify and describe new genetic markers involved in the processes of protein expression and modification reflected in the change of mitochondrial activity before and after in vitro maturation of the oocyte. Porcine oocytes collected from the ovaries of slaughtered landrace gilts were subjected to the process of in vitro maturation. Transcriptomic changes in the expression profile of oocyte genes involved in response to hypoxia, the transmembrane protein receptor serine threonine kinase signaling pathway, the “transforming growth factor β receptor signaling pathway”, “response to protein stimulus”, and “response to organic substance” were investigated using microarrays. The expression values of these genes in oocytes was analyzed before (immature) and after (mature) in vitro maturation, with significant differences found. All the significantly altered genes showed downregulation after the maturation process. The most changed genes from these gene ontologies, FOS, ID2, VEGFA, BTG2, CYR61, ESR1, AR, TACR3, CCND2, CHRDL1, were chosen to be further validated, described and related to the literature. Additionally, the mitochondrial activity of the analyzed oocytes was measured using specific dyes. We found that the mitochondrial activity was higher before the maturation process. The analysis of these results and the available literature provides a novel insight on the processes that occur during in vitro oocyte maturation. While this knowledge may prove to be useful in further research of the procedures commonly associated with in vitro fertilization procedures, it serves mostly as a basic reference for further proteomic, in vivo, and clinical studies that are necessary to translate it into practical applications.
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