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Hu Q, Zhang Y, Tu Z, Wen S, Wang J, Wang M, Li H. The identification and functional characterization of the LcMCT gene from Liriodendron chinense reveals its potenatial role in carotenoids biosyanthesis. Gene 2024; 902:148180. [PMID: 38253298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Terpenoids are not only important component of plant floral scent, but also indispensable elements in the formation of floral color. The petals of Liriodendron chinense are rich in tetraterpene carotenoids and release large amounts of volatile monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds during full blooming stage. However, the mechanism of terpenoid synthesis is not clear in L. chinense. In this study, we identified a LcMCT gene and characterized its potential function in carotenoids biosynthesis. A total of 2947 up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discerned from the transcriptomic data of L. chinense petals, with a significant enrichment of DEGs related to plant hormone signal transduction and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis. After comprehensive analysis on these DEGs, the LcMCT gene was selected for subsequent function characterization. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that LcMCT was expressed at the highest level in the petals during full blooming stage, suggesting a possible role in carotenoids biosynthesis and volatile terpenoid biosynthesis. Subcellular localization showed that the LcMCT protein was localized in the chloroplast. Overexpression of LcMCT in Arabidopsis thaliana affected the expression levels of MEP pathway genes. Moreover, the MCT enzyme activity and carotenoids contents in transgenic A. thaliana were increased by 69.27% and 15.57%, respectively. These results suggest that LcMCT promotes the biosynthesis of terpenoid precursors via the MEP pathway. Our work lays a foundation for exploring the mechanism of terpenoid synthesis in L. chinense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhonghua Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shaoying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Minxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huogen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Jiang F, Liu D, Dai J, Yang T, Zhang J, Che D, Fan J. Cloning and Functional Characterization of 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (LiMCT) Gene in Oriental Lily (Lilium 'Sorbonne'). Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:56-67. [PMID: 37014586 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (MCT) is a key enzyme in the MEP pathway of monoterpene synthesis, catalyzing the generation of 4- (5'-pyrophosphate cytidine)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol from 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate. We used homologous cloning strategy to clone gene, LiMCT, in the MEP pathway that may be involved in the regulation of floral fragrance synthesis in the Lilium oriental hybrid 'Sorbonne.' The full-length ORF sequence was 837 bp, encoding 278 amino acids. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the relative molecular weight of LiMCT protein is 68.56 kD and the isoelectric point (pI) is 5.12. The expression pattern of LiMCT gene was found to be consistent with the accumulation sites and emission patterns of floral fragrance monoterpenes in transcriptome data (unpublished). Subcellular localization indicated that the LiMCT protein is located in chloroplasts, which is consistent with the location of MEP pathway genes functioning in plastids to produce isoprene precursors. Overexpression of LiMCT in Arabidopsis thaliana affected the expression levels of MEP and MVA pathway genes, suggesting that overexpression of the LiMCT in A. thaliana affected the metabolic flow of C5 precursors of two different terpene synthesis pathways. The expression of the monoterpene synthase AtTPS14 was elevated nearly fourfold in transgenic A. thaliana compared with the control, and the levels of carotenoids and chlorophylls, the end products of the MEP pathway, were significantly increased in the leaves at full bloom, indicating that LiMCT plays an important role in regulating monoterpene synthesis and in the synthesis of other isoprene-like precursors in transgenic A. thaliana flowers. However, the specific mechanism of LiMCT in promoting the accumulation of isoprene products of the MEP pathway and the biosynthesis of floral monoterpene volatile components needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dongying Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jingqi Dai
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Daidi Che
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jinping Fan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Noushahi HA, Khan AH, Noushahi UF, Hussain M, Javed T, Zafar M, Batool M, Ahmed U, Liu K, Harrison MT, Saud S, Fahad S, Shu S. Biosynthetic pathways of triterpenoids and strategies to improve their Biosynthetic Efficiency. PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022; 97:439-454. [PMID: 35382096 PMCID: PMC8969394 DOI: 10.1007/s10725-022-00818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
"Triterpenoids" can be considered natural products derived from the cyclization of squalene, yielding 3-deoxytriterpenes (hydrocarbons) or 3-hydroxytriterpenes. Triterpenoids are metabolites of these two classes of triterpenes, produced by the functionalization of their carbon skeleton. They can be categorized into different groups based on their structural formula/design. Triterpenoids are an important group of compounds that are widely used in the fields of pharmacology, food, and industrial biotechnology. However, inadequate synthetic methods and insufficient knowledge of the biosynthesis of triterpenoids, such as their structure, enzymatic activity, and the methods used to produce pure and active triterpenoids, are key problems that limit the production of these active metabolites. Here, we summarize the derivatives, pharmaceutical properties, and biosynthetic pathways of triterpenoids and review the enzymes involved in their biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, we concluded the screening methods, identified the genes involved in the pathways, and highlighted the appropriate strategies used to enhance their biosynthetic production to facilitate the commercial process of triterpenoids through the synthetic biology method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Armghan Noushahi
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
- Plant Breeding and Phenomic Centre, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Talca, 3460000 Talca, Chile
| | - Aamir Hamid Khan
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetics Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Usama Farhan Noushahi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mubashar Hussain
- Institute of Applied Mycology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, China
| | - Maimoona Zafar
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Maria Batool
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Umair Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, 7250 Burnie, Tasmania Australia
| | - Matthew Tom Harrison
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, 7250 Burnie, Tasmania Australia
| | - Shah Saud
- College of Life Science, Linyi University, 276000 Linyi, Shandong China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, 570228 Haikou, China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, 22620 Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Shaohua Shu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
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Spatial and developmental regulation of putative genes associated with the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes and pyrethrin I in Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00710-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shailaja A, Srinath M, Bindu BVB, Giri CC. Isolation of 4-hydroxy 3-methyl 2-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase ( ApHDR) gene of methyl erythritol diphosphate (MEP) pathway, in silico analysis and differential tissue specific ApHDR expression in Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f) Nees. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:223-235. [PMID: 33707865 PMCID: PMC7907293 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The full length Andrographis paniculate 4-hydroxy 3-methyl 2-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase (ApHDR) gene of MEP pathway was isolated for the first time. The ApHDR ORF with 1404 bp flanked by 100 bp 5'UTR and 235 bp 3'UTR encoding 467 amino acids (NCBI accession number: MK503970) and cloned in pET 102, transformed and expressed in E. coli BL21. The ApHDR protein physico-chemical properties, secondary and tertiary structure were analyzed. The Ramachandran plot showed 93.8% amino acids in the allowed regions, suggesting high reliability. The cluster of 16 ligands for binding site in ApHDR involved six amino acid residues having 5-8 ligands. The Fe-S cluster binding site was formed with three conserved residues of cysteine at positions C123, C214, C251 of ApHDR. The substrate HMBPP and inhibitors clomazone, paraquat, benzyl viologen's interactions with ApHDR were also assessed using docking. The affinity of Fe-S cluster binding to the cleft was found similar to HMBPP. The HPLC analysis of different type of tissue (plant parts) revealed highest andrographolide content in young leaves followed by mature leaves, stems and roots. The differential expression profile of ApHDR suggested a significant variation in the expression pattern among different tissues such as mature leaves, young leaves, stem and roots. A 16-fold higher expression of ApHDR was observed in the mature leaves of A. paniculata as compared to roots. The young leaves and stem showed 5.5 fold and fourfold higher expression than roots of A. paniculata. Our result generated new genomic information on ApHDR which may open up prospects of manipulation for enhanced diterpene lactone andrographolide production in A. paniculata. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-00952-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayeti Shailaja
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
| | - Mote Srinath
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
| | | | - Charu Chandra Giri
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (CPMB), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
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Tong Y, Zhang M, Su P, Zhao Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Gao W, Huang L. Cloning and functional characterization of an isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase gene fromTripterygium wilfordii. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 63:863-869. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Tong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Capital Medical University; Beijing People's Republic of China
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Capital Medical University; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Capital Medical University; Beijing People's Republic of China
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Capital Medical University; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Capital Medical University; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Xianan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Capital Medical University; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Capital Medical University; Beijing People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Luqi Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Capital Medical University; Beijing People's Republic of China
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
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Rehman R, Hanif MA, Mushtaq Z, Al-Sadi AM. Biosynthesis of essential oils in aromatic plants: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2015.1057841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yang Y, Huang S, Han Y, Yuan H, Gu C, Wang Z. Environmental cues induce changes of steviol glycosides contents and transcription of corresponding biosynthetic genes in Stevia rebaudiana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 86:174-180. [PMID: 25500454 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and secondary metabolism are commonly regulated by external cues such as light, temperature and water availability. In this study, the influences of low and high temperatures, dehydration, photoperiods, and different growing stages on the changes of steviol glycosides (SGs) contents and transcription levels of fifteen genes involved in SGs biosynthesis of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni were examined using HPLC and RT-PCR. The observations showed that the transcript levels of all the fifteen genes were maximum under 25 °C treatment, and the transcription of SrDXS, SrDXR, SrMCT, SrCMK, SrMDS, SrHDS, SrHDR, SrIDI, SrGGDPS, SrCPPS1, SrUGT85C2 and SrUGT76G1 were restrained both in low temperature (15 °C) and high temperature (35 °C). Most genes in SGs biosynthesis pathway exhibited down-regulation in dehydration. To elucidate the effect of photoperiods, the plants were treated by different simulated photoperiods (8 L/16 D, 1 0L/14 D, 14 L/10 D and 16 L/8 D), but no significant transcription changes were observed. In the study of growing stages, there were evident changes of SGs contents, and the transcript levels of all the fifteen genes were minimal in fast growing period, and exhibited evident increase both in flower-bud appearing stage and flowering stage. The obtained results strongly suggest that the effect of environmental cues on steviol glycosides contents and transcription of corresponding biosynthetic genes in S. rebaudiana is significant. It is worth to study deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongheng Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Suzhen Huang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Yulin Han
- Experimental Teaching Center of Ecological Environment of Jiangxi Province, Department of Landscape Architecture, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chunsun Gu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhongwei Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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