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Elabd OM, Oakley PA, Elabd AM. Prediction of Back Disability Using Clinical, Functional, and Biomechanical Variables in Adults with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3980. [PMID: 38999544 PMCID: PMC11242843 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Researchers are focusing on understanding the etiology and predisposing factors of chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP), a costly prevalent and disabling disorder. Related clinical, functional, and biomechanical variables are often studied, but in isolation. We aimed to identify key factors for managing CNSLBP by examining the relationship between back disability and related clinical, functional, and biomechanical variables and developed prediction models to estimate disability using various variables. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional correlational study on 100 recruited patients with CNSLBP. Clinical variables of pain intensity (visual analog score), back extensor endurance (Sorenson test), functional variables of the back performance scale, 6 min walk test, and the biomechanical variable C7-S1 sagittal vertical axis were analyzed to predict disability (Oswestry disability index). Results: All variables independently, as well as in multi-correlation, were significantly correlated to disability (p < 0.05). The bivariate regression models were significant between back disability and pain intensity (Y = 11.24 + 2.189x), Sorensen results (Y = 105.48 - 0.911x), the back performance scale (Y = 6.65 + 2.486x), 6 min walk test (Y = 49.20 - 0.060x), and sagittal vertical axis (Y = 0.72 + 4.23x). The multi-regression model showed significant contributions from pain (p = 0.001) and Sorensen results (p = 0.028) in predicting back disability, whereas no significant effect was found for other variables. Conclusions: A multidisciplinary approach is essential not only for the management of but also for the assessment of chronic nonspecific low back pain, including its clinical, functional, and biomechanical characteristics. However, special emphasis should be placed on clinical characteristics, including the intensity of pain and back extensor endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Elabd
- Department of Orthopedics and Its Surgeries, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt;
- Department of Physical Therapy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba 771111, Jordan
| | - Paul A. Oakley
- Private Practice, Newmarket, ON L3Y 8Y8, Canada;
- Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Aliaa M. Elabd
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
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Elabd AM, Elabd OM. Efficacy of kinesio tape added to lumbar stabilization exercises on adult patients with mechanical low back pain: A randomized, single-blind clinical trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 39:218-224. [PMID: 38876629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumbar stabilization exercises (LSEs) are beneficial for chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP). However, further research focusing on intervention combinations is recommended. This study examined the effect of kinesio tape (KT) with LSEs on CMLBP adult patients. METHODS A randomized blinded clinical trial was conducted. Fifty CMLBP patients of both genders were assigned into one of two groups and received 8 weeks of treatment: group A (control): LSEs only, and group B (experimental): KT with LSEs. The primary outcome was back disability, measured by the Oswestry disability index. Secondary outcomes included pain intensity, trunk extensor endurance, and sagittal spinal alignment, as indicated by the visual analog scale, Sorensen-test, and C7-S1 sagittal vertical axis, respectively. The reported data was analyzed by a two-way MANOVA using an intention-to-treat procedure. RESULTS Multivariate tests indicate statistically significant effects for group (F = 4.42, p = 0.005, partial η2 = 0.148), time (F = 219.55, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.904), and group-by-time interaction (F = 3.21, p = 0.01, partial η2 = 0.149). Univariate comparisons between groups revealed significant reductions in the experimental group regarding disability (p = 0.029, partial η2 = 0.049) and pain (p = 0.001, partial η2 = 0.102) without a significant difference in the Sorensen test (p = 0.281) or C7-S1 SVA (p = 0.491) results. All within-group comparisons were statistically significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The combination of KT and LSEs is an effective CMLBP treatment option. Although patients in both groups displayed significant changes in all outcomes, the combined interventions induced more significant reductions in back disability and pain intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaa M Elabd
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Benha University, Egypt.
| | - Omar M Elabd
- Department of Orthopedics and Its Surgeries, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt; Department of Physical Therapy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan
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Sakamoto J, Miyahara S, Motokawa S, Takahashi A, Sasaki R, Honda Y, Okita M. Regular walking exercise prior to knee osteoarthritis reduces joint pain in an animal model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289765. [PMID: 37561757 PMCID: PMC10414568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of regular walking exercise prior to knee osteoarthritis (OA) on pain and synovitis in a rat monoiodoacetic acid (MIA)-induced knee OA model. Seventy-one male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: (i) Sedentary + OA, (ii) Exercise + OA, and (iii) Sedentary + Sham groups. The Exercise + OA group underwent a regular treadmill walking exercise at 10 m/min (60 min/day, 5 days/week) for 6 weeks, followed by a 2-mg MIA injection in the right knee. The right knee joint was removed from rats in this group at the end of the 6-week exercise period and at 1 and 6 weeks after the MIA injection. After the 6 weeks of treadmill exercise but before MIA injection, there were no significant differences among the three groups in the pressure pain threshold, whereas at 1 week post-injection, the Exercise + OA group's pressure pain threshold was significantly higher than that in the Sedentary + OA group, and this difference persisted until the end of the experimental period. The histological changes in articular cartilage and subchondral bone revealed by toluidine blue staining showed no difference between the Sedentary + OA and EX + OA groups. The expression levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 mRNA in the infrapatellar fat pad and synovium were significantly increased by the treadmill exercise. Significant reductions in the number of CD68-, CD11c-positive cells and IL-1β mRNA expression and an increase in the number of CD206-positive cells were observed at 1 week after the MIA injection in the Exercise + OA group compared to the Sedentary + OA group. These results suggest that regular walking exercise prior to the development of OA could alleviate joint pain through increases in the expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the rat infrapatellar fat pad and synovium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Sakamoto
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Health Sciences), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Syouta Miyahara
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Spinal Injuries Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoko Motokawa
- Department of Clinical Services, Nagasaki Rehabilitation Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ayumi Takahashi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Health Sciences), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasaki
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Juzenkai Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Honda
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Health Sciences), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Minoru Okita
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Health Sciences), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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De Carvalho D, Callaghan JP. Does a break from sitting change biomechanical outcome measures or transient pain? A laboratory-based experimental study. Work 2023:WOR211266. [PMID: 36641712 DOI: 10.3233/wor-211266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sitting can induce transient low back pain (LBP) in healthy individuals. A rest from sitting should provide relief, however, the parameters of breaks (activity type, intensity, duration, and timing) are not currently known. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 2-minute walking breaks at 40-minute intervals on sitting-induced LBP. METHODS Thirty-two healthy participants were recruited for a within-control study: two randomly presented sessions of sitting for 2 hours with and without breaks. Outcome measures were compared between condition and pain group using a three-way ANOVA with significance atp > 0.05. RESULTS Walking breaks at 40-minute intervals result in significantly lower pain ratings than those taken immediately before the break for sitting-induced back pain developers. However, this relief is short lived (<10 minutes), with ratings increasing to pre-break levels once the sitting exposure resumes. There were no differences in biomechanical factors between sessions. Regardless of session type, pain developers displayed higher spine fidget frequency than non-pain developers, females sat with less spine flexion, with greater gluteal activation levels, and with their center of pressure approximately half a centimeter to the left and forward compared to males, and males had significantly greater peak pressures over a smaller area compared to females. CONCLUSION Walking breaks at 40-minute intervals provide significant, but temporary, relief of sitting-induced back pain for pain developers. Future work should optimize break parameters and examine the longer-term benefit of breaks, especially for individuals that are not able to tolerate sitting for extended durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D De Carvalho
- Faculty of Medicine,Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - J P Callaghan
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences,University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Increased Work from Home and Low Back Pain among Japanese Desk Workers during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312363. [PMID: 34886088 PMCID: PMC8657068 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), desk workers in Japan have been encouraged to work from home. Due to rapidly increased working from home, working in environments that are not properly designed and working with poor posture can affect low back pain (LBP). This study aimed to examine the relationship between increased work from home during the COVID-19 pandemic and LBP among Japanese desk workers. Using study data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey 2020 conducted from August to September 2020, 4227 desk workers who did not have LBP before the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed out of 25,482 total respondents. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for LBP were calculated by multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for covariates such as socioeconomic factors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, 31.3% of desk workers with an increased chance of working from home, and 4.1% had LBP. Desk workers with increased working from home were more likely to have LBP (OR: 2.00 (95% CI, 1.36–2.93)). In this large-scale study, increased work from home was associated with LBP among desk workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, preparing an appropriate work environment for desk workers working from home can improve productivity, leading to positive effects.
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Gholami A, Yalameh JT, Fouladi-Dehaghi B, Eskandari D, Teimori-Boghsani G. Evaluation of the influence of education on the ergonomic risk of concrete form workers. Work 2021; 67:1007-1013. [PMID: 33325446 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In developing countries, construction is a largely manual job that imposes awkward postures on workers, thus facilitating a variety of musculoskeletal disorders. Ergonomic training is known as an effective way to reduce these disorders. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ergonomic training intervention in reducing the ergonomic risk of concrete form workers. METHODS This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 144 concrete form workers employed in the construction projects of Gonbad-e Kāvus, Iran, Iran. Data was collected using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (at the pre-intervention stage) and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) worksheet (at the pre- and post-intervention stages). Ergonomic training was provided via face-to-face educational meetings along with presenting informative pamphlets, which took place over 45 days duration of time. Data were analyzed by the use of SPSS software version 21, t-test and Wilcoxon test. Significant level was considered at P-value less than 0.05. RESULTS Musculoskeletal disorders were observed in all limbs of the studied workers. The most prevalent disorders were the pain in the shoulder region of lift operators (86.1%) and the pain in the back area of mixer operators (77.8%). About 99.3% of all concrete form workers were exposed to a moderate level of ergonomic risk and needed posture correction. Pre- and post-training REBA scores showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Although the ergonomic training did reduce the ergonomic risk of workers, because of its short duration, it failed to reduce this risk to an acceptable level. It is recommended to hold both theoretical and practical training sessions over longer periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Gholami
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Fouladi-Dehaghi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Davood Eskandari
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health and safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamheidar Teimori-Boghsani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
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Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Low Back Pain in Japanese Men. J Phys Act Health 2018. [PMID: 29542388 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several studies on the relationship between low back pain and physical activity. However, the results of these studies vary, and the relationship between them remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the association between objectively measured physical activity and low back pain in Japanese men. METHODS The study included 4022 Japanese men [average age: 47 (10) y]. Daily amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity and step counts were measured using an accelerometer. Low back pain, drinking and smoking, and lifestyle-related diseases were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and step counts with persistent low back pain after adjusting for confounders. RESULTS Persistent low back pain was reported in 428 participants. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios of presenting persistent low back pain across quartiles of amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity were 1.00 (reference); 0.93 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-1.22); 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.74-1.28); and 0.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.90); P for linearity = .012. CONCLUSION We found a significant inverse relationship between objectively measured physical activity and persistent low back pain.
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Hashimoto Y, Matsudaira K, Sawada SS, Gando Y, Kawakami R, Sloan RA, Kinugawa C, Okamoto T, Tsukamoto K, Miyachi M, Naito H. Association between objectively measured physical activity and body mass index with low back pain: a large-scale cross-sectional study of Japanese men. BMC Public Health 2018. [PMID: 29523128 PMCID: PMC5845261 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between the combination of physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) with low back pain (LBP) is unclear. The present study offers a cross-sectional assessment of how combinations of PA and BMI are related to LBP in Japanese men. METHODS Participants were 4022 Japanese men (mean age = 47) who underwent regular clinical examinations. PA was measured using a uniaxial accelerometer and divided into tertiles (PAhigh, PAmiddle, PAlow). A self-administered questionnaire was used to report on persistent LBP experience, drinking and smoking habits, and any existing lifestyle diseases. After covariance adjustment, a logistic regression model was used to assess how combinations of PA and BMI are related to persistent LBP. RESULTS 428 of the participants had persistent LBP. A clear negative dose-response relationship was found between PA levels and persistent LBP (P for linearity = 0.012). Regarding BMI, odd ratios were shown to be higher in the overweight/obese category (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) than for the normal weight category (BMI < 25 kg/m2). When the PAhigh was taken as the reference in the normal weight category, odds ratios for PAlow and PAmiddle in the normal weight category were shown to be high. Moreover, in the overweight/obese category, odd ratios for every fitness level were also high as for the normal weight category. CONCLUSION The present study showed that both PA and BMI are related to persistent LBP. Also, the prevalence of persistent LBP became higher when PAlow and high BMI are combined rather than the group of PAhigh and low BMI combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Hashimoto
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Graduate School of Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Ko Matsudaira
- Department of Medical Research and Management for Musculoskeletal pain, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Susumu S Sawada
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Yuko Gando
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawakami
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa city, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Robert A Sloan
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Graduate Medical and Dental School, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima city, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kinugawa
- Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1-5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8527, Japan
| | - Takashi Okamoto
- Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1-5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8527, Japan
| | - Koji Tsukamoto
- Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1-5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8527, Japan
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Graduate School of Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
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Sahrmann S, Azevedo DC, Dillen LV. Diagnosis and treatment of movement system impairment syndromes. Braz J Phys Ther 2017; 21:391-399. [PMID: 29097026 PMCID: PMC5693453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnoses and treatments based on movement system impairment syndromes were developed to guide physical therapy treatment. OBJECTIVES This masterclass aims to describe the concepts on that are the basis of the syndromes and treatment and to provide the current research on movement system impairment syndromes. RESULTS The conceptual basis of the movement system impairment syndromes is that sustained alignment in a non-ideal position and repeated movements in a specific direction are thought to be associated with several musculoskeletal conditions. Classification into movement system impairment syndromes and treatment has been described for all body regions. The classification involves interpreting data from standardized tests of alignments and movements. Treatment is based on correcting the impaired alignment and movement patterns as well as correcting the tissue adaptations associated with the impaired alignment and movement patterns. The reliability and validity of movement system impairment syndromes have been partially tested. Although several case reports involving treatment using the movement system impairment syndromes concept have been published, efficacy of treatment based on movement system impairment syndromes has not been tested in randomized controlled trials, except in people with chronic low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Sahrmann
- Washington University School of Medicine, Program in Physical Therapy, St. Louis, USA.
| | - Daniel C Azevedo
- Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC-MG), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Linda Van Dillen
- Washington University School of Medicine, Program in Physical Therapy, St. Louis, USA
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Muscle activation patterns of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex during walking gait before and after exercise. Gait Posture 2017; 52:15-21. [PMID: 27846435 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The lumbo-pelvic-hip core complex consists of musculoskeletal structures that stabilize the spine and pelvis, however fatigue may affect muscle recruitment, active muscle stiffness and trunk kinematics, compromising trunk stability. The purpose of this study was to compare trunk muscle activation patterns, and trunk and lower extremity kinematics during walking gait before and after exercise. Surface electrodes were placed over the rectus abdominis, external oblique, erector spinae, gluteus medius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis of twenty-five healthy inidviduals. Means and 95% confidence intervals for muscle amplitude, muscle onsent and kinematics for 0-100% of the gait cycle were compared before and after exercise. Mean differences (MD) and standard deviations were calculated for all significant differences. The amplitude increased in the rectus abdominis during loading (MD=0.67±0.11), midstance (MD=0.75±0.04), terminal stance (MD=0.58±0.04), and late swing (MD=0.75±0.07) after exercise. Amplitude also increased during swing phase in the erector spinae (MD=0.92±0.11), vastus lateralis (MD=1.12±0.30), and vastus medialis (MD=1.80±0.19) after exercise. There was less trunk and hip rotation from initial contact to midstance after exercise. Neuromuscular fatigue significantly influenced the activation patterns of superficial musculature and kinematics of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex during walking. Increased muscle activation with decreased movement in a fatigued state may represent an effort to increase trunk stiffness to protect lumbo-pelvic-hip structures from overload.
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Hussain SM, Urquhart DM, Wang Y, Dunstan D, Shaw JE, Magliano DJ, Wluka AE, Cicuttini FM. Associations between television viewing and physical activity and low back pain in community-based adults: A cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3963. [PMID: 27336896 PMCID: PMC4998334 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Two systematic reviews concluded that there was limited evidence to support an association between physical activity and sedentary behavior and developing low back pain (LBP). The aim of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and television viewing time with LBP intensity and disability in community-based adults.Five thousand fifty-eight participants (44% men) of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study had physical activity and television viewing time measured in 1999 to 2000, 2004 to 2005, and 2011 to 2012, and LBP intensity and disability assessed in 2013 to 2014 using the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to estimate the odds ratio for LBP intensity and disability associated with physical activity and television viewing time. Analyses were adjusted for age, education, smoking, dietary guideline index score, body mass index, and mental component summary score. To test whether associations of physical activity or television viewing time with LBP intensity and disability were modified by sex, obesity, or age, interactions were tested using the likelihood ratio test.As gender modified the associations between physical activity and television viewing time and LBP disability (P = 0.05), men and women were examined separately. A total of 81.7% men and 82.1% women had LBP. Most men (63.6%) and women (60.2%) had low intensity LBP with fewer having high intensity LBP (18.1% men, 21.5% women). Most participants had no LBP disability (74.5% men, 71.8% women) with the remainder reporting low (15.8% men, 15.3% women) or high (9.7% men, 12.9% women) LBP disability. Insufficient physical activity (<2.5 hours/week) was not associated with LBP intensity or disability. High television viewing time (≥2 hours/day) was associated with greater prevalence of LBP disability in women (low disability OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04-1.73; high disability OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01-1.72).Although it needs to be confirmed in RCTs our findings suggest that targeting time spent watching television and possibly other prolonged sedentary behaviors may have the potential to reduce LBP disability in community-based adults, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Monira Hussain
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
| | - Donna M. Urquhart
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
| | - David Dunstan
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan E. Shaw
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute
| | - Dianna J. Magliano
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute
| | - Anita E. Wluka
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
| | - Flavia M. Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
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Lunde LK, Koch M, Hanvold TN, Wærsted M, Veiersted KB. Low back pain and physical activity--A 6.5 year follow-up among young adults in their transition from school to working life. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1115. [PMID: 26563136 PMCID: PMC4643524 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between leisure time physical activity and low back pain in young adults is unclear and is in the need of prospectively obtained evidence. This study examined the course of low back pain and the association between low back pain and leisure time physical activity in a cohort of young adults in their transition from school to working life. METHODS Both low back pain and leisure time physical activity was monitored over a 6.5 year period in 420 subjects starting out as students within hairdressing, electrical installation and media/design. The association between physical activity and low back pain was investigated through the follow-up period by using linear mixed models analysis. RESULTS Low back pain was significantly influenced by time and overall there was a decreasing trend of low back pain prevalence throughout the follow-up. Analysis showed a weak trend of decreasing low back pain with moderate/high physical activity levels, but this association was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Low back pain decreased during follow-up with baseline as reference. Findings in our study did show non-significant trends of reduced low back pain with increased leisure time physical activity. Still, we could not support the theory of moderate/high levels of physical activity acting protective against low back pain in young adults entering working life. Our results, in combination with previous relevant research, cannot support a clear relationship between physical activity and low back pain for young adults. Thus, recommendations regarding effect of physical activity on reducing low back pain for this group are not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Koch
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Gydas vei 8, 0336, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Therese N Hanvold
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Gydas vei 8, 0336, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Morten Wærsted
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Gydas vei 8, 0336, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kaj B Veiersted
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Gydas vei 8, 0336, Oslo, Norway.
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Koyanagi A, Stickley A, Garin N, Miret M, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Leonardi M, Koskinen S, Galas A, Haro JM. The association between obesity and back pain in nine countries: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:123. [PMID: 25886589 PMCID: PMC4331391 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between obesity and back pain has mainly been studied in high-income settings with inconclusive results, and data from older populations and developing countries are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess this association in nine countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, and Latin America among older adults using nationally-representative data. Methods Data on 42116 individuals ≥50 years who participated in the Collaborative Research on Ageing in Europe (COURAGE) study conducted in Finland, Poland, and Spain in 2011–2012, and the World Health Organization’s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa in 2007–2010 were analysed. Information on measured height and weight available in the two datasets was used to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). Self-reported back pain occurring in the past 30 days was the outcome. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between BMI and back pain. Results The prevalence of back pain ranged from 21.5% (China) to 57.5% (Poland). In the multivariable analysis, compared to BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, significantly higher odds for back pain were observed for BMI ≥35 kg/m2 in Finland (OR 3.33), Russia (OR 2.20), Poland (OR 2.03), Spain (OR 1.56), and South Africa (OR 1.48); BMI 30.0-34.0 kg/m2 in Russia (OR 2.76), South Africa (OR 1.51), and Poland (OR 1.47); and BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2 in Russia (OR 1.51) and Poland (OR 1.40). No significant associations were found in the other countries. Conclusions The strength of the association between obesity and back pain may vary by country. Future studies are needed to determine the factors contributing to differences in the associations observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Cibersam, Spain.
| | - Andrew Stickley
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Stockholm Centre on Health of Societies in Transition (SCOHOST), Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Noe Garin
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Cibersam, Spain.
| | - Marta Miret
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Cibersam, Spain. .,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Cibersam, Spain. .,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Department of Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Neurological Institute Carlo Besta IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Aleksander Galas
- Department of Epidemiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Cibersam, Spain.
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