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Stanhope J, Pisaniello D, Cook A, Weinstein P. Are music students at 'high-risk' of experiencing musculoskeletal symptom outcomes compared with other students? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2022:1-8. [PMID: 35947800 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2111846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Musicians have been described as a 'high-risk' group for experiencing musculoskeletal symptoms (MSSs), yet few studies have tested this assumption. We aimed to determine whether the prevalence and profile of MSS outcomes differed between university music students and a reference group (science students). A survey was conducted with university music and science students. Reported MSS outcomes among the two groups were compared using regression analyses. The majority of participants in both groups reported experiencing MSSs in the last 12 months and 7 days. Music students reported a higher prevalence of wrist/ hand MSSs compared with science students. Compared with symptomatic science students, music students reported a higher emotional impact of MSSs. We recommend prioritising research into interventions for music students that address MSSs in the wrist/ hand region, and the emotional impact of MSSs. Addressing these MSS outcomes could reduce the MSS burden for musicians during and beyond their studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stanhope
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dino Pisaniello
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Angus Cook
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Philip Weinstein
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Roos M, Dagenais M, Pflieger S, Roy JS. Patient-reported outcome measures of musculoskeletal symptoms and psychosocial factors in musicians: a systematic review of psychometric properties. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:2547-2566. [PMID: 35118588 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically review patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of musicians' musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) and psychosocial factors and their psychometric properties. METHODS Six databases were searched. Studies evaluating at least one psychometric property of a PROM developed for or adapted to adult musicians and measuring MSS or occupational psychosocial factors were included. Study quality was evaluated using mainly the COSMIN checklist. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies were included, yielding 27 PROMs. Most COSMIN scores are Doubtful or Inadequate. Validity and internal consistency are the most evaluated psychometric properties. Test-retest reliability was evaluated in five studies (all inadequate sample sizes), measurement error in one, and responsiveness in none. The English, German and Polish Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for professional orchestra Musicians (MPIIQM), the 40-item English and Peruvian Spanish Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory (KMPAI) and the Psychosocial Risks Questionnaire for Musicians (PRQM, Polish) are the most robust scales for their constructs. Their internal consistency is sufficient (Cronbach's α ≥ 0.70). Test-retest reliability and construct validity are only sufficient for the German MPIIQM (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.70). However, results are based on one study per PROM; all require further validation before validity, reliability and responsiveness can be confirmed. CONCLUSION Due to generally poor methodological quality and one study per PROM on average, none can be confirmed valid, reliable and responsive. Yet, preliminary validation recommends prudent use of some PROMs pending further validation. Robust PROM studies are needed to fill the important literature gap regarding musician-specific, validated PROMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Roos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada. .,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Quebec, Canada.
| | - Marion Dagenais
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Pflieger
- Haute École Léonard de Vinci, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire d'Anatomie Fonctionnelle (LAF), Faculté des Sciences de la motricité, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Sébastien Roy
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Quebec, Canada
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Stanhope J, Cook A, Pisaniello D, Weinstein P. Musculoskeletal symptoms in university music students: does major matter? ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:674-683. [PMID: 34766881 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1999887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate and compare the prevalence and profile of musculoskeletal symptom (MSS) outcomes across cohorts of university music students with different 'majors': (i) performance and nonperformance students, and (ii) classical and non-classical performance students. Data were collected using a cross-sectional questionnaire survey, and regression analyses were used to compare the groups. Of the 166 participating students, 92.5% reported experiencing MSSs in the last 12 months, and 72.6% in the last 7 days. Few significant differences were identified between groups. Musculoskeletal symptoms are a problem for all types of university music students, and all should have access to support to prevent and manage their MSSs, regardless of their majors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stanhope
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Angus Cook
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Dino Pisaniello
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Philip Weinstein
- Schools of Public Health and Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Sirufo MM, Catalogna A, De Pietro F, Ginaldi L, De Martinis M. Raynaud's phenomenon in a drummer player: Microvascular disorder and nailfold video capillaroscopic findings. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:1526-1531. [PMID: 34924902 PMCID: PMC8678061 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-4208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Drummers are usually exposed to intensive physical stress and occupational diseases that have been only partially investigated. The majority of studies focus on musculoskeletal problems while microvascular abnormalities have been less considered. We report on a case of a 19-year-old drummer affected by Raynaud's phenomenon. The patient underwent nailfold video capillaroscopy that showed a non-specific pattern, with granular flow, dyshomogeneous capillary morphology, increased efferent/afferent loop ratio and many enlarged capillaries. The continuous exposition to vibration in drummers could determinate microvascular abnormalities with related cold induced disorders and Raynaud's phenomenon. Nailfold video capillaroscopy is a tool that allows to detect the alterations of the microcirculation and to carry out the follow-up of the patients with low cost, non-invasiveness, repeatability, high sensibility and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Catalogna
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca De Pietro
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Massimo De Martinis, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; Tel.: +39-0861-429548, Fax: +39-0861-211395, E-mail:
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Stanhope J, Pisaniello D, Weinstein P. What do musicians think caused their musculoskeletal symptoms? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:1543-1551. [PMID: 33754943 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2021.1902673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that university music students and professional musicians believe caused their musculoskeletal symptoms (MSSs). Methods. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to university music students and professional musicians. Using a musician-driven data collection approach, musicians with MSSs were asked to nominate their top three perceived causes of their symptoms. Responses were categorized, and percentages reported for the main categories. Results. Of the 213 musicians, 37.6% reported biological factors, 21.1% reported external, physical factors, 93.9% reported behavioural factors, 18.8% reported psychosocial factors and 9.9% reported 'other' factors (e.g., accidents) as the perceived causes of their MSSs. Conclusion. This study is the first to investigate perceived causes of musicians' MSSs across a diverse range of musicians, using musician-driven methods. By using open response data collection strategies, a comprehensive, unbiased list of perceived causes of MSSs was compiled. Perceived causes not identified in previous research included manual handling, physical activity and sleep problems. Future research should consider the association between perceived causes and MSSs, and barriers and enablers of behaviour changes that may prevent MSSs. This research may guide the development of new strategies to reduce the burden of MSSs in musicians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dino Pisaniello
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Philip Weinstein
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Australia
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Stanhope J, Pisaniello D, Weinstein P. The effect of strategies to prevent and manage musicians' musculoskeletal symptoms: A systematic review. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 77:185-208. [PMID: 33375919 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1860879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review was to determine the safety and effectiveness of any public health intervention designed to prevent and/or manage musculoskeletal symptoms (MSSs) in any type of musician. A total of 14 studies were included. Studies investigated exercise and/or education programs, and changes to equipment, with a range of musicians. There was some evidence to suggest that smaller piano keyboards, and exercise programs may be effective. Studies suggesting a benefit of exercise programs typically had lower level designs and higher risk of methodological bias, compared with those that reported no benefit. Future research should use more robust methods to reduce bias and come to definitive conclusions regarding the safety and effectiveness of interventions prior to implementation, to reduce the burden of MSSs for musicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stanhope
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dino Pisaniello
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Philip Weinstein
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Abstract
Musculoskeletal symptoms, including pain, are often experienced by musicians at all levels. These symptoms may have a detrimental impact on musicians' personal and work lives, and may also impact upon the ensembles they work within. Providing musicians with appropriate, evidence-based advice regarding pain management is therefore paramount. In this review, we aim to improve the advice given to musicians regarding playing when in pain, by answering the question 'should musicians play in pain?'. This multidisciplinary narrative review draws upon contemporary pain science, including factors associated with poorer prognoses for those in pain, as well as the reported experiences of musicians with pain (including those who have taken time off from playing). Our current understanding of pain science provides further support for the potential for consequences related to avoiding activities due to pain. Pain is modulated by a number of neuro-immunological processes and is influenced by a range of psychosocial factors. Taking time off from playing might therefore not have any benefit. Importantly, one of the leading causes of a transition from acute to chronic pain is fear-avoidance behaviour (e.g. not playing when in pain); hence, encouraging such behaviour cannot be supported. Musicians who have taken time off from playing due to pain have experienced a range of consequences, including emotional and financial consequences. These experiences indicate that there are potential negative consequences related to taking time off from playing which need to be weighed against any benefits. We conclude that musicians should not necessarily be advised to take time off from playing to manage their pain, in keeping with current best practice for pain management. Instead, we recommend that musicians be educated on contemporary pain science and when to seek treatment from a health professional for individualised advice to reduce the burden of musicians' pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stanhope
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Philip Weinstein
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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