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Ciezar Andersen S, Campbell T, White D, King-Shier K. An Intervention to Improve Mental and Physical Health of Undergraduate Nursing Students. Can J Nurs Res 2024:8445621241248308. [PMID: 38706094 DOI: 10.1177/08445621241248308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing students experience poorer mental and physical health relative to students in other health-related disciplines and young adults of similar age outside post-secondary school. Compromised mental and physical health has numerous negative impacts on nursing students and can result in burnout and development of chronic diseases. PURPOSE To determine whether an asynchronous online yoga intervention would improve mental and physical health of students. METHODS An asynchronous online 6-week yoga intervention was carried out between January and December 2021, using a pre/post design. Participants' symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and self-compassion were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale and Self-Compassion Scale and core endurance was assessed using the Mackenzie Core Endurance Test prior to commencement and at the conclusion of the program. RESULTS Of 114 participants, 68 completed the online program and pre and post measures showed that the mean depression, anxiety, stress, self-compassion and core endurance scores improved significantly (p<0.001) between baseline and study completion. CONCLUSION A six-week virtual yoga program significantly improved mental and physical health of undergraduate nursing students. Targeted modifications to the yoga program might enhance participant retention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tavis Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Cai C, Gazali NA, Tan XN, Soon B, Lee ATH, Aw QWS, Dana DD, Kwok JCT, Kwa MJ. Comparison of psoas major activation during standing hip flexion between chronic low back pain and healthy populations. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024:BMR230384. [PMID: 38578881 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psoas major (PM) has been identified as a potential contributor to chronic low back pain (LBP). However, few studies have investigated the effects of upright functional movement on PM activation in cLBP individuals. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aims to compare PM muscle activation characteristics in chronic LBP (cLBP) and healthy subjects during the transition from quiet double-leg standing to standing hip flexion. METHODS Ultrasound Imaging was used to assess PM thickness at the lumbar vertebral level of L4-5 in 12 healthy and 12 cLBP participants. The changes in thickness between the test positions were utilized as a proxy for PM activation. RESULTS The cLBP group exhibited greater thickness changes on the non-dominant side PM during contralateral hip flexion but not ipsilateral hip flexion (p= 0.369) compared to their healthy counterparts (p= 0.011; cLBP: resting 27.85 mm, activated 34.63 mm; healthy: resting 29.51 mm, activated 29.00 mm). There were no significant differences in dominant side PM thickness changes between the two groups during either contralateral or ipsilateral hip flexion (p= 0.306 and p= 0.077). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a potential overactivation of the PM in the cLBP population. This insight may aid in the development of tailored rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Cai
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Physiotherapy, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
- Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation Department, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, JurongHealth Campus, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Nurul Adliah Gazali
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Diagnostic Radiography, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
- Department of Radiology, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Xin Ning Tan
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Physiotherapy, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Soon
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Physiotherapy, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - Adrian Thian Huat Lee
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Diagnostic Radiography, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - Qian Wen Simone Aw
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Diagnostic Radiography, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - Dharini D/O Dana
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Diagnostic Radiography, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - Joanne Ching Tung Kwok
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Diagnostic Radiography, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - Mei Jun Kwa
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster - Physiotherapy, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
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Amin WM, Ali OI, Malik S, Draj SAI, Masoud FAM, Sohel AMI, Al Amer AM, Khurayzi RHH, Ahmed MM. Effects of Pilates Exercises on Core Stability After Recovery from COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:753-763. [PMID: 38404718 PMCID: PMC10893876 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s453050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The primary objective was to investigate the effects of Pilates exercises on CS, and the secondary objective was to assess static trunk balance after recovery from COVID-19. Patients and Methods 145 recovered COVID-19 university students between the ages of 19 and 25 participated in this single-blinded, randomized controlled trial study. The participants were divided into a Pilates group and a control group, each of which received a home exercise program. Core muscle endurance was measured using the five basic endurance tests and static balance using the Prokin system with open eyes (OE) and closed eyes (CE) at baseline and after three months of treatment. Results All measured parameters showed improvement within the groups after treatment. Group comparison revealed a significant increase in the Pilates group in all core endurance tests (P<0.001). The Prokin system results showed improvement in the Pilates group after treatment, while perimeter with OE, CE, and ellipse area with EC decreased (P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in ellipse with OE between the groups. Conclusion Pilates exercises positively improved core muscle endurance and trunk balance in people infected with COVID-19, which will be reflected in their quality of movement patterns and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Mahmoud Amin
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Basic Science for Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Olfat Ibrahim Ali
- Physical Therapy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shazia Malik
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhair Asous I Draj
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Ahmed M Masoud
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Mohammed I Sohel
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asayil Mari Al Amer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasmiah Hassan H Khurayzi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Ahmed
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Raj VS, Thomas M. Measuring transversus abdominis activity using pressure biofeedback unit-A technical report. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 28:e2033. [PMID: 37395304 DOI: 10.1002/pri.2033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pressure biofeedback is a tool that can detect the movement of a structure and may be used as an indicator of muscle function. It's widely used to measure the transversus abdominis (TrA) muscle activity. Pressure biofeedback (PBU) monitors the abdominal wall movement by measuring the pressure change during abdominal hollowing and can indirectly evaluate the TrA muscle function, which is considered as a valuable tool. The evaluation of the training of core muscles, including the transversus abdominis, requires a reliable outcome. Various methods using different positions are used to evaluate the transversus abdominis muscle function. However, it is noted that a standard way of evaluation and training still needs to be improved in research and clinical practice. This technical report discusses the optimal position and technique to measure the TrA muscle activity using PBU, with discussions on the merits and demerits of the body positions. METHODS The technical report is presented with a literature review of the PBU measurement of TrA and through observation in the clinical practice. The evaluation methods of TrA, including the position to activate and isolate, are discussed in detail. RESULTS Training core muscles does not imply TrA activation, and evaluating isolated TrA and multifidus is essential before intervention. The abdominal drawing-in maneuver effectively activates TrA in various evaluation positions of the body, but when using PBUs, it would be valid in a prone position. DISCUSSION Different body positions are practiced to train TrA and core muscles using PBU, commonly adopted by practice are in supine. It's noted that most of the studies lack in establishing the effectiveness of the position in evaluating the TrA muscle activity using PBU. The need for insight into an appropriate technique for evaluating TrA activity is addressed in this technical report. This report presents key points on the complete technique and concludes that the prone position is superior to other positions and recommended for measuring and recording the TrA activity using a PBU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Samuel Raj
- Department of Sports Science (Physiotherapy), JSS College of Physiotherapy, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mincy Thomas
- Krupa Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Center, Kollegal, Karnataka, India
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Tsartsapakis I, Pantazi GA, Konstantinidou A, Zafeiroudi A, Kellis E. Spinal Muscle Thickness and Activation during Abdominal Hollowing and Bracing in CrossFit ® Athletes. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:159. [PMID: 37624139 PMCID: PMC10458255 DOI: 10.3390/sports11080159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercises that improve muscle activation are essential for maintaining spinal stability and preventing low back pain. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of abdominal hollowing and bracing on the activation of the core muscles in CrossFit® participants using ultrasound and electromyography (EMG). Twenty-four healthy adults aged 21 to 42 years old with at least two years of CrossFit® experience performed three core stability exercises (plank, side plank, bridge) with abdominal hollowing and bracing. We measured the ultrasound relative thickness of the local core muscles (transversus abdominis, internal oblique, and lumbar multifidus), and the EMG percentage of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the global core muscles (rectus abdominis, external oblique, and iliocostalis lumborum). Analysis of variance tests showed that the relative thickness of the local core muscles was greater (p = 0.016) during hollowing (range from 26.8 ± 5.33 to 88.4 ± 11.9% of rest) than bracing (range from 15.9 ± 3.54 to 61.2 ± 15.9% of rest), while the EMG of the global muscles was greater (p = 0.001) in bracing (range from 24.4 ± 7.30 to 72.5 ± 9.17% of MVC) than hollowing (range from 16.4 ± 3.70 to 56.6 ± 7.65% of MVC). These results indicate that the recruitment of spinal muscles during popular exercises is achieved with both hollowing and bracing. Nevertheless, it appears that hollowing tends to recruit more of the local muscles, whilst bracing recruits more of the global muscles. The grading of the exercises varied between muscles and varied between maneuvers, especially for the surface abdominals and lumbar muscles. CrossFit® practitioners can choose to use either hollowing or bracing to activate their core muscles more selectively or more appropriately, depending on the goal and purpose of the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tsartsapakis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.)
| | - Georgia-Andriana Pantazi
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.)
| | - Agapi Konstantinidou
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.)
| | - Aglaia Zafeiroudi
- Department Physical Education & Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Kellis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.)
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Al Attar WSA, Ghulam HS, Al Arifi S, Akkam AM, Alomar AI, Sanders RH. The effectiveness of injury prevention programs that include core stability exercises in reducing the incidence of knee injury among soccer players: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-220038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The knee is one of the most common sites of injuries among soccer players. The incidence of knee injuries can be reduced by improving the neuromuscular control and core stability. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of injury prevention programs that include core stability exercises in reducing the incidence of knee injuries among soccer players. METHODS: Data were obtained from different databases (1985–2021). Only randomized controlled trials that used injury prevention programs that include core stability exercise to prevent knee injuries were included. The keywords used during the search were ‘knee injuries’, ‘core stability exercises’, ‘FIFA 11+’, ‘prevention of knee injuries’, ‘anterior cruciate ligament injury’ and variations of these search terms. RESULTS: The pooled results of 7828 soccer players and 863700 exposure h showed an overall injury reduction of 56% per 1000 h of exposure in the intervention group compared to the control group with an injury risk ratio of 0.44 (95% CI 0.321–0.619; P= 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Injury prevention programs that include core stability exercises reduce knee injury rates among soccer players by 56% (46% in male and 65% in female soccer players).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Saleh A. Al Attar
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hussain S. Ghulam
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Al Arifi
- Department of Physical Therapy, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amirah M. Akkam
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I. Alomar
- Department of Physical Therapy, Security Forces Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ross H. Sanders
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Zemková E. Strength and Power-Related Measures in Assessing Core Muscle Performance in Sport and Rehabilitation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:861582. [PMID: 35586718 PMCID: PMC9108269 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.861582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While force-velocity-power characteristics of resistance exercises, such as bench presses and squats, have been well documented, little attention has been paid to load, force, and power-velocity relationships in exercises engaging core muscles. Given that power produced during lifting tasks or trunk rotations plays an important role in most sport-specific and daily life activities, its measurement should represent an important part of the test battery in both athletes and the general population. The aim of this scoping review was 1) to map the literature related to testing methods assessing core muscle strength and stability in sport and rehabilitation, chiefly studies with particular focus on force-velocity-power characteristics of exercises involving the use of core muscles, 2) and to identify gaps in existing studies and suggest further research in this field. The literature search was conducted on Cochrane Library databases, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and MEDLINE, which was completed by SpringerLink, Google Scholar and Elsevier. The inclusion criteria were met in 37 articles. Results revealed that among a variety of studies investigating the core stability and core strength in sport and rehabilitation, only few of them analyzed force-velocity-power characteristics of exercises involving the use of core muscles. Most of them evaluated maximal isometric strength of the core and its endurance. However, there are some studies that assessed muscle power during lifting tasks at different loads performed either with free weights or using the Smith machine. Similarly, power and velocity were assessed during trunk rotations performed with different weights when standing or sitting. Nevertheless, there is still scant research investigating the power-velocity and force-velocity relationship during exercises engaging core muscles in able-bodied and para athletes with different demands on stability and strength of the core. Therefore, more research is needed to address this gap in the literature and aim research at assessing strength and power-related measures within cross-sectional and intervention studies. A better understanding of the power-force-velocity profiles during exercises with high demands on the core musculature has implications for designing sport training and rehabilitation programs for enhancement of athletes' performance and/or decrease their risk of back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Zemková
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Sports Technology Institute, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Virtual reality balance training versus core stability exercises on balance in patients with unilateral lymphedema. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022. [DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v6ns2.6407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects between Wii fit balance board and core stability exercises on balance dysfunction in patients with unilateral lymphedema. Method: Sixty patients (women) aged 40-60 years with grade 1 or 2 lymphedema were randomly assigned into the following two groups. Group A received the Wii fit balanced exercises for three times per week for four weeks as total treatment duration in form of (Ski Slalom, Advanced Skiing, Ski Jumping followed by Header and Jump Rope).; Group B received core stability exercises for 4 weeks (3times/week) in form of {1- Abdominal bracing (10 repetitions x10 second holds), 2- Curl up (3 sets x 10 repetitions), 3- Supine bridge (3 sets x 10 repetitions), 4- Supine unilateral bridge (3 sets x 10 repetitions for each leg), 5- Plank (3 sets x 10 repetitions) and 6- Bird dog (3 sets x 10 repetitions for each limb)}. Balance was determined using time up and go (TUG) and Wii fit results by using the Wii fit balance board. Balance was measured before and 4 weeks after the treatment program.
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Trunk muscle size and function in volleyball players with and without injuries to the head, neck and upper limb. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 54:1-7. [PMID: 34922033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate trunk muscle size and function in elite and community volleyball players with and without a history of head, neck or upper limb injury. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING Volleyball training camp or training sessions. PARTICIPANTS 86 volleyball players (elite = 29; community = 57). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Information regarding history of head, neck or upper limb injuries was collected by self-report questionnaires. Trunk muscle size (multifidus, transversus abdominis, internal oblique and quadratus lumborum) and voluntary contraction (multifidus, transversus abdominis, internal oblique) were assessed using ultrasound imaging. RESULTS For trunk muscle size, no significant differences were found between elite and community volleyball players with and without a history of injury (all p > 0.05). A significant difference was found for voluntary contraction of the multifidus and transversus abdominis muscles for elite and community volleyball players with and without a history of injury (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION A difference in trunk muscle contraction but no change in trunk muscle size in players with a history of head, neck or upper limb injuries may represent an altered muscle recruitment pattern rather than a deficiency in trunk muscle strength. Prospective studies are required to determine if these adaptations are compensatory (and protective) or predispose players to further injuries.
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Khosrokiani Z, Letafatkar A, Sheikhi B, Thomas AC, Aghaie-Ataabadi P, Hedayati MT. Hip and Core Muscle Activation During High-Load Core Stabilization Exercises. Sports Health 2021; 14:415-423. [PMID: 34060953 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211015225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is some evidence that high-load lumbar stabilization exercises, such as back bridge, can recruit both local and global muscles. HYPOTHESIS Therapeutic exercises would optimize gluteus maximus (GMax), gluteus medius (GMed), multifidus (MF), and transversus abdominis (TrA) activation, while minimizing the activation of the tensor fascia latae (TFL) and erector spinae (ES) muscles in healthy individuals. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Research laboratory. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, surface electromyography (EMG) of GMax, GMed, TFL, TrA, MF, and ES was used to quantify the gluteal-to-TFL muscle activation (GTA) index and a ratio of local to global (L/G) lumbar muscles during (1) the elbow-toe exercise in the prone position, (2) the elbow-toe with right left lifted, (3) the hand-knee with left arm and right leg lifted, (4) the back bridge, (5) the back bridge with right leg lifted, (6) the back bridge with left leg lifted, (7) the side bridge with left leg lifted, (8) the side bridge with right leg lifted, and (9) the elbow-toe with right leg horizontally lifted exercises in healthy individuals (20 men, 20 women; age, 25 ± 4 years). RESULTS The back bridge exercise with left leg lift generated the highest L/G muscles activity ratio (L/G = 3.35) while the hand-knee exercise yielded the lowest L/G muscles activity ratio (L/G = 1.21). The side bridge exercise with left elbow and foot and lifting the right leg (GTA = 63.78), hand-knee exercise (GTA = 49.62), back bridge (GTA = 28.05), and elbow-toe exercise with left leg horizontally lifted (GTA = 23.02) generated the highest GTA indices, respectively. Meanwhile, the normalized EMG amplitude for GMax was significantly less than the TFL, for elbow-toe exercise (P < 0.001), back bridge with left leg lift (P = 0.001), side bridge exercise with the right elbow and foot and lifting the left leg (P = 0.002), and elbow-toe exercise with right leg horizontally lifted (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The highest GTA indexes were observed during (1) the side bridge lifting the dominant leg and (2) the hand-knee horizontally lifting dominant leg, respectively. The L/G ratio was highest during (1) the back bridge lifting nondominant leg, (2) back bridge, and (3) back bridge lifting dominant leg, respectively. This study supports the use of back bridge exercises to strengthen the MF and side bridges to improve gluteal muscle activation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The highest GTA index was observed in the side bridge lifting the right leg. Highest L/G ratio was in the back bridge with nondominant leg lifted. This study supports the use of back bridge exercises to strengthen the MF. This study supports the use of side bridges to improve gluteal muscle activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Khosrokiani
- Department of Biomechanics and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Republic of Iran
| | - Amir Letafatkar
- Department of Biomechanics and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Republic of Iran
| | - Bahram Sheikhi
- Department of Biomechanics and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Republic of Iran
| | - Abbey C Thomas
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Peyman Aghaie-Ataabadi
- Department of Biomechanics and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Republic of Iran
| | - Mohamad-Taghi Hedayati
- Department of Cardiology, Fellowship of Electrophysiology, Medical University of Babol, Babol, Republic of Iran
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Juhan T, Bolia IK, Kang HP, Homere A, Romano R, Tibone JE, Gamradt SC, Weber AE. Injury Epidemiology and Time Lost From Participation in Women's NCAA Division I Indoor Versus Beach Volleyball Players. Orthop J Sports Med 2021; 9:23259671211004546. [PMID: 33997071 PMCID: PMC8085369 DOI: 10.1177/23259671211004546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Beach volleyball officially became a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I sport in 2015-2016. Few studies have examined the epidemiology of injuries in indoor versus beach volleyball in NCAA Division I athletes. Purpose: To compare the epidemiology of injuries and time lost from participation between female NCAA Division I athletes who participate in indoor versus beach volleyball. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Injury surveillance data (2003-2020) were obtained using an institutional database for all NCAA Division I women’s beach or indoor volleyball athletes. The total injury rate was expressed per 1000 hours played. The injury rate per body site was calculated by dividing the number of injuries in each body region by the total number of injuries. The frequency of injury per body site was also expressed as number of injuries per 1000 hours of practice or number of injuries per 1000 hours of game. The injury rate (total and per body site) and time lost from participation were compared between indoor and beach volleyball athletes. Results: Participants were 161 female NCAA Division I volleyball athletes (53 beach volleyball and 108 indoor volleyball athletes). In total, 974 injuries were recorded: 170 in beach volleyball and 804 in indoor volleyball. The injury rates for beach versus indoor volleyball were 1.8 versus 5.3 injuries per 1000 hours played (P < .0001). Indoor volleyball athletes had significantly higher injury rates compared with beach volleyball players for concussion (7.5% vs 6.5%; P < .0001) and knee injury (16.7% vs 7.6%; P = .0004); however, the rate of abdominal muscle injury was significantly higher in beach versus indoor volleyball (11.8% vs 4.7%; P = .0008). Time lost from sport participation was significantly longer in beach versus indoor volleyball for knee (24 vs 11 days; P = .047), low back (25 vs 17 days; P = .0009), and shoulder (52 vs 28 days; P = .001) injuries. Conclusion: Based on this study, injury was more likely to occur in indoor compared with beach volleyball. Sport-related concussion and knee injuries were more common in indoor volleyball, but the rate of abdominal muscle injury was higher in beach volleyball. Beach volleyball players needed longer time to recover after injuries to the knee, low back, and shoulder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Juhan
- USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ioanna K Bolia
- USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hyunwoo P Kang
- USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrew Homere
- USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Russ Romano
- USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - James E Tibone
- USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Seth C Gamradt
- USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexander E Weber
- USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
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12
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Association between trunk core muscle thickness and functional ability in subacute hemiplegic stroke patients: an exploratory cross-sectional study. Top Stroke Rehabil 2021; 29:163-172. [PMID: 33899701 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2021.1918840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACK GROUND Balance impairment could occur due to weakness of the core muscles in stroke patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between functional ability, including trunk balance and core muscle thickness using ultrasonography in subacute hemiplegic stroke patients. METHODS The muscle thickness of the anterior and posterior trunk muscles was measured using ultrasonography. For the evaluation of trunk balance, trunk impairment scale and Berg balance scale (BBS) were used. The functional ambulatory scale (FAS), timed up-and-go test, 10 m gait velocity, functional reach (FR), and functional independence measure were also assessed for functional ability. RESULTS Overall, 41 patients with subacute hemiplegic stroke were included. Partial correlation analysis showed that posterior trunk muscle thickness was significantly correlated with BBS, FAS, and FR. As for the paralytic side, the posterior trunk muscle thickness of both paretic and nonparetic sides presented a significant relationship with BBS, FAS, and FR. The quadratus lumborum (QL) thickness of both sides showed a significant relationship with BBS, FAS, and FR. CONCLUSIONS The thickness of the posterior trunk muscles, especially the QL, on both the paretic and nonparetic sides, was significantly related with the functional ability after stroke. The exercise program of core posterior trunk muscles closely related with functional ability would be helpful to improve trunk balance and ambulatory function in subacute stroke patients.
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Ying J, Ren F, Fekete G. Dynamic testing of volleyball players' body posture using a formetric 3D device. BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1049/bsbt.2020.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Ying
- College of Science & TechnologyNingbo UniversityNingboPeople's Republic of China
| | - Feng Ren
- Faculty of Sports ScienceNingbo UniversityNingboPeople's Republic of China
| | - Gusztáv Fekete
- Faculty of InformaticsEötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
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Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Sekiguchi T, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kanazawa K, Itaya N, Yoshida S, Sogi Y, Yano T, Onoki T, Itoi E, Nagatomi R. Association between lower back pain and lower extremity pain among young volleyball players: A cross-sectional study. Phys Ther Sport 2020; 43:65-69. [PMID: 32092669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower back pain (LBP), as well as lower extremity injuries, are major problems among young volleyball players. Nevertheless, only few studies have focused on the relationship between lower extremity injuries and LBP. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between LBP and lower extremity pain, including knee and ankle pain, among young volleyball players. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Amateur sports association. PARTICIPANTS Elementary and middle school-aged athletes (6-15 years of age). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES LBP and lower extremity pain. RESULTS A total of 566 young volleyball players participated in this study. The point prevalence of LBP among young volleyball players was 9.5%. Using absence of lower extremity pain as a reference, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for LBP was 11.07 (5.64-21.71) in the presence of lower extremity pain. CONCLUSIONS LBP is associated with Lower extremity pain among young volleyball players. Careful attention should be paid to lower extremity complaints to prevent and treat LBP among young volleyball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Yabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan; Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shinichirou Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Sogi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Yano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takahiro Onoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan; Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
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Aksen-Cengizhan P, Onay D, Sever O, Doğan AA. A comparison between core exercises with Theraband and Swiss Ball in terms of core stabilization and balance performance. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-173212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Derya Onay
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Ozan Sever
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Ahmet Doğan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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Castrillon T, Hanney WJ, Rothschild CE, Kolber MJ, Liu X, Masaracchio M. The effects of a standardized belly dance program on perceived pain, disability, and function in women with chronic low back pain. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2018; 30:477-496. [PMID: 27858690 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-150504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An alternative approach to facilitate movement and control through the trunk and pelvis is belly dancing. Investigations of belly dancing mechanics indicate similar muscular activation patterns of those known to influence chronic low back pain (cLBP). However, no documented studies have examined its effectiveness as a treatment for cLBP. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of a standardized belly dance program in women with cLBP. METHODS A single subject design was used to evaluate weekly outcomes during a three-week baseline period, six-week belly dance program, and again at a two-month follow-up. Outcome measures for pain, disability, function, and fear-avoidance beliefs were utilized. RESULTS Two subjects completed the program. No significant differences were noted during the baseline assessment period. At two months, subject one demonstrated change scores of -1.12, -1%, and 2.2 for pain, disability, and function respectively while subject two demonstrated change scores of 5.4, 5%, and 1.1 for pain, disability, and function, respectively. Subject one showed a clinically significant change score for both fear avoidance of work and physical activity, with score changes of 4 and 3.3, respectively. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest a standardized belly dance program may positively influence pain and function in women with cLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha Castrillon
- Department of Health Professions, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - William J Hanney
- Department of Health Professions, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Carey E Rothschild
- Department of Health Professions, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Morey J Kolber
- Department of Physical Therapy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Xinliang Liu
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Comparison of the Therapeutic Effects of a Sling Exercise and a Traditional Stabilizing Exercise for Clinical Lumbar Spinal Instability. J Sport Rehabil 2018; 27:47-54. [DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2016-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bere T, Kruczynski J, Veintimilla N, Hamu Y, Bahr R. Injury risk is low among world-class volleyball players: 4-year data from the FIVB Injury Surveillance System. Br J Sports Med 2015; 49:1132-7. [PMID: 26194501 PMCID: PMC4552924 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-094959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Little is known about the rate and pattern of injuries in international volleyball competition. Objective To describe the risk and pattern of injuries among world-class players based on data from the The International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) Injury Surveillance System (ISS) (junior and senior, male and female). Methods The FIVB ISS is based on prospective registration of injuries by team medical staff during all major FIVB tournaments (World Championships, World Cup, World Grand Prix, World League, Olympic Games). This paper is based on 4-year data (September 2010 to November 2014) obtained through the FIVB ISS during 32 major FIVB events (23 senior and 9 junior). Results The incidence of time-loss injuries during match play was 3.8/1000 player hours (95% CI 3.0 to 4.5); this was greater for senior players than for junior players (relative risk: 2.04, 1.29 to 3.21), while there was no difference between males and females (1.04, 0.70 to 1.55). Across all age and sex groups, the ankle was the most commonly injured body part (25.9%), followed by the knee (15.2%), fingers/thumb (10.7%) and lower back (8.9%). Injury incidence was greater for centre players and lower for liberos than for other player functions; injury patterns also differed between player functions. Conclusions Volleyball is a very safe sport, even at the highest levels of play. Preventive measures should focus on acute ankle and finger sprains, and overuse injuries in the knee, lower back and shoulder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tone Bere
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jacek Kruczynski
- Fédération Internationale de Volleyball, Lausanne, Switzerland Department of General Orthopaedics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Oncology and Traumatology, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Yuichiro Hamu
- Fédération Internationale de Volleyball, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roald Bahr
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway Fédération Internationale de Volleyball, Lausanne, Switzerland
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The effect of trunk coordination exercise on dynamic postural control using a Core Noodle. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2014; 18:519-25. [PMID: 25440201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of trunk coordination exercise on dynamic postural control relative to postural sway. METHOD The effects of trunk coordination exercises were examined using a Core Noodle for the postural sway in healthy students who were assigned to an exercise or control group. The independent variable was the extent of exposure to Core Noodle exercise, and the dependent variable was dynamic postural control. A stabilometer, which measures dynamic postural control, was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercises. In addition, center of gravity movements were assessed using a Gravicorder G-620 stabilometer in which the subject was asked to shift their center of gravity between 2 circles on a computer monitor. Pre- and post-intervention dynamic postural control was statistically evaluated between the exercise group and control group using the Mann-Whitney test. Finally, we investigated the application of these exercises for a stroke patient. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION For post-intervention, the envelop area, mean length of the pathways between 2 circles, and the number of circles were significantly higher in the exercise group. Trunk coordination exercise performed Core Noodle may be used to enhance the dynamic postural balance of healthy young adults, and it can also be adapted for stroke patients.
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De Ridder EMD, Van Oosterwijck JO, Vleeming A, Vanderstraeten GG, Danneels LA. Muscle functional MRI analysis of trunk muscle recruitment during extension exercises in asymptomatic individuals. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014; 25:196-204. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. D. De Ridder
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Ghent University; Belgium
| | - J. O. Van Oosterwijck
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Ghent University; Belgium
| | - A. Vleeming
- Department of Anatomy; University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine; Biddeford Maine USA
| | - G. G. Vanderstraeten
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Ghent University; Belgium
| | - L. A. Danneels
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Ghent University; Belgium
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Abstract
CONTEXT Enhancing core stability through exercise is common to musculoskeletal injury prevention programs. Definitive evidence demonstrating an association between core instability and injury is lacking; however, multifaceted prevention programs including core stabilization exercises appear to be effective at reducing lower extremity injury rates. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PUBMED WAS SEARCHED FOR EPIDEMIOLOGIC, BIOMECHANIC, AND CLINICAL STUDIES OF CORE STABILITY FOR INJURY PREVENTION (KEYWORDS: "core OR trunk" AND "training OR prevention OR exercise OR rehabilitation" AND "risk OR prevalence") published between January 1980 and October 2012. Articles with relevance to core stability risk factors, assessment, and training were reviewed. Relevant sources from articles were also retrieved and reviewed. RESULTS Stabilizer, mobilizer, and load transfer core muscles assist in understanding injury risk, assessing core muscle function, and developing injury prevention programs. Moderate evidence of alterations in core muscle recruitment and injury risk exists. Assessment tools to identify deficits in volitional muscle contraction, isometric muscle endurance, stabilization, and movement patterns are available. Exercise programs to improve core stability should focus on muscle activation, neuromuscular control, static stabilization, and dynamic stability. CONCLUSION Core stabilization relies on instantaneous integration among passive, active, and neural control subsystems. Core muscles are often categorized functionally on the basis of stabilizing or mobilizing roles. Neuromuscular control is critical in coordinating this complex system for dynamic stabilization. Comprehensive assessment and training require a multifaceted approach to address core muscle strength, endurance, and recruitment requirements for functional demands associated with daily activities, exercise, and sport.
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Elvira JLL, Barbado D, Flores-Parodi B, Moreside JM, Vera-Garcia FJ. Effect of movement speed on trunk and hip exercise performance. Eur J Sport Sci 2013; 14:547-55. [PMID: 24261903 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2013.860483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The influence of speed on trunk exercise technique is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of movement speed on the kinematics and kinetics of curl-up, sit-up and leg raising/lowering exercises. Seventeen healthy, recreationally trained individuals (13 females and 4 males) volunteered to participate in this study. Four different exercise cadences were analysed: 1 repetition/4 s, 1 repetition/2 s, 1 repetition/1.5 s and 1 repetition/1 s. The exercises were executed on a force plate and recorded by three cameras to conduct a 3D photogrammetric analysis. The cephalo-caudal displacement of the centre of pressure and range of motion (ROM) of six joints describing the trunk and hip movements were measured. As sit-up and curl-up speed increased, hip and knee ROM increased. Dorsal-lumbar and upper trunk ROM increased with speed in the curl-up. Faster cadence in the sit-up exercise had minimal effect on trunk ROM: only the upper trunk ROM decreased significantly. In the leg raising/lowering exercise there was a decrease in the pelvic tilt and hip ROM, and increased knee flexion ROM. During higher speed exercises, participants modified their technique to maintain the cadence. Thus, professionals would do well to monitor and control participants' technique during high-speed exercises to maintain performance specificity. Results also suggest division of speed into two cadence categories, to be used as a reference for prescribing exercise speed based on preferred outcome goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L L Elvira
- a Sports Research Centre , Miguel Hernandez University of Elche , Alicante , Spain
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Seminati E, Minetti AE. Overuse in volleyball training/practice: A review on shoulder and spine-related injuries. Eur J Sport Sci 2013; 13:732-43. [PMID: 24251752 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2013.773090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Overuse injuries are predominant in sports involving the repetition of similar movements patterns, such as in volleyball or beach volleyball, and they may represent as much a problem as do acute injuries. This review discusses the prevalence of two of the most common overuse-related injuries in volleyball: shoulder and back/spine injuries. Risk factors and the aetiology of these injuries are illustrated in order to make possible to initiate preventive programme or post-injuries solutions. Data collected from literature showed a moderately higher injury rate for overuse shoulder injuries compared to the back/spine (19.0 ± 11.2% and 16.8 ± 9.7%, respectively). These data could be underestimated, and future epidemiological studies should consider overuse injuries separately from the others, with new methodological approaches. In addition to age, biomechanical and anatomical features of a volleyball technique utilised in game and the amount of hours played are considered as the main risk factors for overuse upper limb injuries, both for professional and recreational athletes. Together with post-injuries solutions, great importance has to be placed on preventive programmes, such as preventive rehabilitation, stretching, adequate warm up, strength-power exercises, etc. Furthermore, it is particularly suggested that coaches and players work together in order to develop new game/training techniques that minimise stresses and range of motion of the principal anatomical structures involved, while maintaining athletes performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Seminati
- a Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation , University of Milan , Milano , Italy
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Kolar P, Sulc J, Kyncl M, Sanda J, Neuwirth J, Bokarius AV, Kriz J, Kobesova A. Stabilizing function of the diaphragm: dynamic MRI and synchronized spirometric assessment. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2010; 109:1064-71. [PMID: 20705944 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01216.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to describe diaphragmatic behavior during postural limb activities and examine the ventilatory and stabilizing functions of the diaphragm. Thirty healthy subjects were examined in the supine position using a dynamic MRI system assessed simultaneously with specialized spirometric readings. The diaphragmatic excursions (DEs) were measured at three diaphragmatic points in the sagittal plane; the diaphragm positions (DPs) as related to a reference horizontal baseline were determined. Measurements were taken during tidal breathing (TB) and isometric flexion of upper or lower extremities against external resistance together with TB. Mean DE in both upper and lower postural limb activities was greater compared with the TB condition (P < 0.05), with the effect greater for lower limb activities. Inspiratory DPs in the upper and lower extremity activities were lower compared with TB alone (P < 0.01). Expiratory DP was lower only for lower extremity activities (P < 0.01). DP was most affected at the apex of the crescent and crural (posterior) portion of the diaphragm. DEs correlated strongly with tidal volume (Vt) in all conditions. Changes in DEs relative to the initial value were minimal for upper and lower extremities but were related to lower values of Vt (P < 0.03). Significant involvement of the diaphragm in the limb postural activities was found. Resulting DEs and DPs differed from the TB conditions, especially in lower extremity activities. The differences between the percent changes of DEs vs. Vt found for lower extremity activities were confirmed by both ventilatory and postural diaphragm recruitment in response to postural demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kolar
- Dept. of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Second Medical Faculty, Charles Univ. and Univ. Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, Prague 5, 159 00, Czech Republic
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