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Golubeva VA, Das AS, Rabolli CP, Dorn LE, van Berlo JH, Accornero F. YTHDF1 is pivotal for maintenance of cardiac homeostasis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 193:25-35. [PMID: 38768805 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The YTH-domain family (YTHDF) of RNA binding proteins can control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by regulating mRNAs with N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications. Despite the established importance of m6A in the heart, the cardiac role of specific m6A-binding proteins remains unclear. Here, we characterized the function of YTHDF1 in cardiomyocytes using a newly generated cardiac-restricted mouse model. Deletion of YTHDF1 in adult cardiomyocytes led to hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction. Using mass spectrometry, we identified the necessity of YTHDF1 for the expression of cardiomyocyte membrane raft proteins. Specifically, YTHDF1 bound to m6A-modified Caveolin 1 (Cav1) mRNA and favored its translation. We further demonstrated that YTHDF1 regulates downstream ERK signaling. Altogether, our findings highlight a novel role for YTHDF1 as a post-transcriptional regulator of caveolar proteins which is necessary for the maintenance of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha A Golubeva
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anindhya Sundar Das
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Charles P Rabolli
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lisa E Dorn
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jop H van Berlo
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Federica Accornero
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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2
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Nian Z, Deng M, Ye L, Tong X, Xu Y, Xu Y, Chen R, Wang Y, Mao F, Xu C, Lu R, Mao Y, Xu H, Shen X, Xue X, Guo G. RNA epigenetic modifications in digestive tract cancers: Friends or foes. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107280. [PMID: 38914382 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Digestive tract cancers are among the most common malignancies worldwide and have high incidence and mortality rates. Thus, the discovery of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic targets is urgently required. The development of technologies to accurately detect RNA modification has led to the identification of numerous RNA chemical modifications in humans (epitranscriptomics) that are involved in the occurrence and development of digestive tract cancers. RNA modifications can cooperatively regulate gene expression to facilitate normal physiological functions of the digestive system. However, the dysfunction of relevant RNA-modifying enzymes ("writers," "erasers," and "readers") can lead to the development of digestive tract cancers. Consequently, targeting dysregulated enzyme activity could represent a potent therapeutic strategy for the treatment of digestive tract cancers. In this review, we summarize the most widely studied roles and mechanisms of RNA modifications (m6A, m1A, m5C, m7G, A-to-I editing, pseudouridine [Ψ]) in relation to digestive tract cancers, highlight the crosstalk between RNA modifications, and discuss their roles in the interactions between the digestive system and microbiota during carcinogenesis. The clinical significance of novel therapeutic methods based on RNA-modifying enzymes is also discussed. This review will help guide future research into digestive tract cancers that are resistant to current therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekai Nian
- Second Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming Deng
- School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lele Ye
- Wenzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Basic Research and Precision Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Cancer-related Pathogens and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinya Tong
- Wenzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Basic Research and Precision Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Cancer-related Pathogens and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixi Xu
- School of public administration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiliu Xu
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering & Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ruoyao Chen
- Second Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feiyang Mao
- Second Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenyv Xu
- Wenzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Basic Research and Precision Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Cancer-related Pathogens and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruonan Lu
- First Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Mao
- Ophthalmology College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hanlu Xu
- Ophthalmology College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xian Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Xiangyang Xue
- Wenzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Basic Research and Precision Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Cancer-related Pathogens and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Gangqiang Guo
- Wenzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Basic Research and Precision Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Cancer-related Pathogens and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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3
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Liu L, Yu L, Wang Y, Zhou L, Liu Y, Pan X, Huang J. Unravelling the impact of RNA methylation genetic and epigenetic machinery in the treatment of cardiomyopathy. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107305. [PMID: 39002868 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CM) represents a heterogeneous group of diseases primarily affecting cardiac structure and function, with genetic and epigenetic dysregulation playing a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Emerging evidence from the burgeoning field of epitranscriptomics has brought to light the significant impact of various RNA modifications, notably N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N7-methylguanosine (m7G), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 2'-O-methylation (Nm), and 6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), on cardiomyocyte function and the broader processes of cardiac and vascular remodelling. These modifications have been shown to influence key pathological mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammation, immune response, and myocardial fibrosis. Importantly, aberrations in the RNA methylation machinery have been observed in human CM cases and animal models, highlighting the critical role of RNA methylating enzymes and their potential as therapeutic targets or biomarkers for CM. This review underscores the necessity for a deeper understanding of RNA methylation processes in the context of CM, to illuminate novel therapeutic avenues and diagnostic tools, thereby addressing a significant gap in the current management strategies for this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China; Laboratory of the Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Linxing Yu
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Liufang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of the Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Xingshou Pan
- Laboratory of the Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
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Li W, Qin R, Tang Z, Wang C, Xu H, Li W, Leng Y, Wang Y, Xia Z. Inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis through the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes pathway by stress granules after ALKBH5 demethylase activation during diabetic myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024. [PMID: 38988216 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
AIM Post-transcriptional modifications and their specific mechanisms are the focus of research on the regulation of myocardial damage. Stress granules (SGs) can inhibit the inflammatory response by inhibiting the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. This study investigated whether alkylation repair homologue protein 5 (ALKBH5) could affect myocardial inflammation and apoptosis during diabetic myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) through the cGAS-STING pathway via SGs. METHODS A diabetes ischaemia-reperfusion rat model and a high glucose hypoxia/reoxygenation cell model were established. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) and lentivirus (LV) were used to overexpress ALKBH5, while the SG agonist arsenite (Ars) and the SG inhibitor anisomycin were used as interventions. Then, the levels of apoptosis and related indicators in the cell and rat models were measured. RESULTS In the in vivo experiment, compared with the normal sham group, the degree of myocardial tissue damage, creatine kinase-MB and cardiac troponin I in serum, and myocardial apoptosis, the infarcted area of myocardium, and the level of B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X protein, cGAS-STING pathway and inflammatory factors in the diabetes ischaemia-reperfusion group were significantly increased. However, the expression of SGs and the levels of ALKBH5, rat sarcoma-GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1, T-cell intracellular antigen-1 and Bcl2 were significantly decreased. After AAV-ALKBH5 intervention, the degree of myocardial tissue damage, degree of myocardial apoptosis, and extent of myocardial infarction in myocardial tissue were significantly decreased. In the in vitro experiment, compared with those in the normal control group, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, inflammation and apoptosis were significantly greater, and cell viability and the levels of ALKBH5 and SGs were decreased in the high glucose and hypoxia/reoxygenation groups. In the high glucose hypoxia/reoxygenation cell model, the degree of cell damage, inflammation, and apoptosis was greater than those in the high glucose and hypoxia/reoxygenation models, and the levels of ALKBH5 and SGs were further decreased. LV-ALKBH5 and Ars alleviated the degree of cell damage and inhibited inflammation and cell apoptosis. The inhibition of SGs could partly reverse the protective effect of LV-ALKBH5. The cGAS agonist G140 antagonized the inhibitory effects of the SG agonist Ars on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammation and the cGAS-STING pathway. CONCLUSION Both ALKBH5 and SGs inhibited myocardial inflammation and apoptosis during diabetic myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion. Mechanistically, ALKBH5 might inhibit the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by promoting the expression of SGs through the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Renwu Qin
- Department of first ward of second Internal Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, China
| | - Zhen Tang
- Department of second ward of first Internal Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, China
| | - Changqing Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Leng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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5
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Völkers M, Preiss T, Hentze MW. RNA-binding proteins in cardiovascular biology and disease: the beat goes on. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:361-378. [PMID: 38163813 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac development and function are becoming increasingly well understood from different angles, including signalling, transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. By contrast, the importance of the post-transcriptional landscape of cardiac biology largely remains to be uncovered, building on the foundation of a few existing paradigms. The discovery during the past decade of hundreds of additional RNA-binding proteins in mammalian cells and organs, including the heart, is expected to accelerate progress and has raised intriguing possibilities for better understanding the intricacies of cardiac development, metabolism and adaptive alterations. In this Review, we discuss the progress and new concepts on RNA-binding proteins and RNA biology and appraise them in the context of common cardiovascular clinical conditions, from cell and organ-wide perspectives. We also discuss how a better understanding of cardiac RNA-binding proteins can fill crucial knowledge gaps in cardiology and might pave the way to developing better treatments to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Völkers
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg and Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Preiss
- Shine-Dalgarno Centre for RNA Innovation, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthias W Hentze
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg, Germany.
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6
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Wu C, Chen Y, Wang Y, Xu C, Cai Y, Zhang R, Peng F, Wang S. The m 6A methylation enzyme METTL14 regulates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1391-1400. [PMID: 37436654 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we investigated the role of the m6A methylation enzyme METTL14 in regulating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IR/I) through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and related biological mechanisms. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed to detect the m6A mRNA and METTL3, METTL14, WTAP, and KIAA1429 levels in a mouse myocardial IR/I model. An oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model was constructed by transfecting neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) with METTL14-knockdown lentivirus. METTL14, Bax, and cleaved-caspase3 mRNA expression levels were detected using fluorescence qPCR. Apoptosis was detected using TUNEL staining. After the IR/I surgery following the adeno-associated virus injection, the METTL14 mRNA and apoptosis-related BAX/BCL2 protein expression was detected using fluorescence qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Degree of cell necrosis was detected using an LDH assay. The oxidative stress response of the myocardial tissue was detected, and IL-6 and IL-1β serum levels were detected using ELISAs. The mice injected with METTL14-knockdown AAV9 adeno-associated virus underwent IR/I surgery after the injection of an Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitor (MK2206) into the myocardial layer. Elevated mRNA m6A modification and m6A methyltransferase METTL14 levels were observed in the IR/I-injured mouse heart tissues. METTL14 knockdown significantly inhibited the OGD/R- and IR/I-induced apoptosis and necrosis in cardiac myocytes, inhibited IR/I-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor secretion, and activated the Akt/ mTOR pathway in vitro and in vivo. Akt/mTOR pathway inhibition significantly attenuated the alleviating effect of METTL14 knockdown on myocardial IR/I injury-induced apoptosis. Knocking down m6A methylase METTL14 inhibits IR/I-induced myocardial apoptosis and necrosis, inhibits myocardial oxidative stress and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and activates the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Hence, METTL14 regulated myocardial apoptosis and necrosis in mice with IR/I through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 42 Zhongshan North Road, Licheng Distict, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Youfang Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yaoguo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 42 Zhongshan North Road, Licheng Distict, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Chaoxiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 42 Zhongshan North Road, Licheng Distict, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yinlian Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 42 Zhongshan North Road, Licheng Distict, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Rongcheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 42 Zhongshan North Road, Licheng Distict, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Fangzhan Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 42 Zhongshan North Road, Licheng Distict, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
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Rabolli CP, Naarmann-de Vries IS, Makarewich CA, Baskin KK, Dieterich C, Accornero F. Nanopore Detection of METTL3-Dependent m6A-Modified mRNA Reveals a New Mechanism Regulating Cardiomyocyte Mitochondrial Metabolism. Circulation 2024; 149:1319-1322. [PMID: 38620081 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles P Rabolli
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology (C.P.R., K.K.B., F.A.), The Ohio State University, Columbus
- Biomedical Engineering (C.P.R.), The Ohio State University, Columbus
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (C.P.R., K.K.B., F.A.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI (C.P.R., F.A.)
| | - Isabel S Naarmann-de Vries
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology (I.S.N.-d.V., C.D.), University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology; I.S.N.-d.V., C.D.), University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (I.S.N.-d.V., C.D.)
| | - Catherine A Makarewich
- The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (C.A.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH (C.A.M.)
| | - Kedryn K Baskin
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology (C.P.R., K.K.B., F.A.), The Ohio State University, Columbus
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (C.P.R., K.K.B., F.A.)
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology (I.S.N.-d.V., C.D.), University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology; I.S.N.-d.V., C.D.), University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (I.S.N.-d.V., C.D.)
| | - Federica Accornero
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology (C.P.R., K.K.B., F.A.), The Ohio State University, Columbus
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (C.P.R., K.K.B., F.A.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI (C.P.R., F.A.)
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8
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Kang J, Rhee J, Wang C, Yang Y, Li G, Li H. Unlocking the dark matter: noncoding RNAs and RNA modifications in cardiac aging. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H832-H844. [PMID: 38305752 PMCID: PMC11221808 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00532.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac aging is a multifaceted process that encompasses structural and functional alterations culminating in heart failure. As the elderly population continues to expand, there is a growing urgent need for interventions to combat age-related cardiac functional decline. Noncoding RNAs have emerged as critical regulators of cellular and biochemical processes underlying cardiac disease. This review summarizes our current understanding of how noncoding RNAs function in the heart during aging, with particular emphasis on mechanisms of RNA modification that control their activity. Targeting noncoding RNAs as potential novel therapeutics in cardiac aging is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Kang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - James Rhee
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yolander Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Guoping Li
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Haobo Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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9
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Wang D, Wang D, Jin Q, Wang X. Suxiao Jiuxin Pill alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced autophagy via miR-193a-3p/ALKBH5 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155359. [PMID: 38301300 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) poses a formidable challenge to cardiac reperfusion therapy due to the absence of effective clinical interventions. Methylation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), which is the most common post-transcriptional modifications occurring within mammalian mRNA, is believed to be involved in MIRI by modulating autophagy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have been implicated in the regulation of m6A methylation. Suxiao Jiuxin Pill (SJP) is extensively used in China for the clinical treatment of angina pectoris and confers benefits to patients with acute coronary syndrome who have received percutaneous coronary intervention. However, the precise mechanisms underlying SJP intervention in MIRI remain unclear. PURPOSE This study aimed to demonstrate, both in vivo and in vitro, that SJP could alleviate autophagy in MIRI by regulating miR-193a-3p to target and upregulate the demethylase ALKBH5. METHODS An in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation model was established using H9c2 cells, while an in vivo MIRI model was established using Wistar rats. A lentivirus harboring the precursor sequence of miR-193a-3p was employed for its overexpression. Adeno-associated viruses were used to silence both miR-193a-3p and ALKBH5 expressions. Cardiac function, infarct size, and tissue structure in rats were assessed using echocardiography, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and HE staining, respectively. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) was employed to detect the levels of apoptosis in rat cardiac tissue. m6A methylation levels were assessed using colorimetry. GFP-RFP-LC3B was used to monitor autophagic flux and transmission electron microscopy was used to evaluate the development of autophagosomes. Western Blot and qRT-PCR were respectively employed to assess the levels of autophagy-related proteins and miR-193a-3p. RESULTS SJP alleviated autophagy, preserved cardiac function, and minimized myocardial damage in the hearts of MIRI rats. SJP attenuated autophagy in H/R H9C2 cells. Elevated levels of miR-193a-3p were observed in the cardiac tissues of MIRI rats and H/R H9C2 cells, whereas SJP downregulated miR-193a-3p levels in these models. ALKBH5, a target gene of miR-193, is negatively regulated by miR-193a-3p. Upon overexpression of miR-193a-3p or silencing of ALKBH5, m6A methylation decreased, and the autophagy-attenuating effects of SJP and its components, senkyunolide A and l-borneol, were lost in H/R H9C2 cells, whereas in MIRI rats, these effects were not abolished but merely weakened. Further investigation indicated that the METTL3 inhibitor STM2475, combined with the silencing of miR-193a-3p, similarly attenuated autophagy in the hearts of MIRI rats. This suggests that a reduction in m6A methylation is involved in autophagy alleviation. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that SJP mitigates autophagy in MIRI by downregulating miR-193a-3p, enhancing ALKBH5 expression, and reducing m6A methylation, a mechanism potentially attributed to its constituents, senkyunolide A and l-borneol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyuan Wang
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qipeng Jin
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Benak D, Holzerova K, Hrdlicka J, Kolar F, Olsen M, Karelson M, Hlavackova M. Epitranscriptomic regulation in fasting hearts: implications for cardiac health. RNA Biol 2024; 21:1-14. [PMID: 38326277 PMCID: PMC10854364 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2307732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac tolerance to ischaemia can be increased by dietary interventions such as fasting, which is associated with significant changes in myocardial gene expression. Among the possible mechanisms of how gene expression may be altered are epigenetic modifications of RNA - epitranscriptomics. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) are two of the most prevalent modifications in mRNA. These methylations are reversible and regulated by proteins called writers, erasers, readers, and m6A-repelled proteins. We analysed 33 of these epitranscriptomic regulators in rat hearts after cardioprotective 3-day fasting using RT-qPCR, Western blot, and targeted proteomic analysis. We found that the most of these regulators were changed on mRNA or protein levels in fasting hearts, including up-regulation of both demethylases - FTO and ALKBH5. In accordance, decreased methylation (m6A+m6Am) levels were detected in cardiac total RNA after fasting. We also identified altered methylation levels in Nox4 and Hdac1 transcripts, both of which play a role in the cytoprotective action of ketone bodies produced during fasting. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of inhibiting demethylases ALKBH5 and FTO in adult rat primary cardiomyocytes (AVCMs). Our findings indicate that inhibiting these demethylases reduced the hypoxic tolerance of AVCMs isolated from fasting rats. This study showed that the complex epitranscriptomic machinery around m6A and m6Am modifications is regulated in the fasting hearts and might play an important role in cardiac adaptation to fasting, a well-known cardioprotective intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benak
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Holzerova
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Hrdlicka
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Kolar
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mark Olsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy-Glendale, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
| | - Mati Karelson
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marketa Hlavackova
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Kunovac A, Hathaway QA, Thapa D, Durr AJ, Taylor AD, Rizwan S, Sharif D, Valentine SJ, Hollander JM. N 6-methyladenosine (M 6A) in fetal offspring modifies mitochondrial gene expression following gestational nano-TiO 2 inhalation exposure. Nanotoxicology 2023; 17:651-668. [PMID: 38180356 PMCID: PMC10988778 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2023.2293144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prominent epitranscriptomic modification to RNA in eukaryotes, but it's role in adaptive changes within the gestational environment are poorly understood. We propose that gestational exposure to nano titanium dioxide (TiO2) contributes to cardiac m6A methylation in fetal offspring and influences mitochondrial gene expression. 10-week-old pregnant female FVB/NJ wild-type mice underwent 6 nonconsecutive days of whole-body inhalation exposure beginning on gestational day (GD) 5. Mice were exposed to filtered room air or nano-TiO2 with a target aerosol mass concentration of 12 mg/m3. At GD 15 mice were humanely killed and cardiac RNA and mitochondrial proteins extracted. Immunoprecipitation with m6A antibodies was performed followed by sequencing of immunoprecipitant (m6A) and input (mRNA) on the Illumina NextSeq 2000. Protein extraction, preparation, and LC-MS/MS were used for mitochondrial protein quantification. There were no differences in maternal or fetal pup weights, number of pups, or pup heart weights between exposure and control groups. Transcriptomic sequencing revealed 3648 differentially expressed mRNA in nano-TiO2 exposed mice (Padj ≤ 0.05). Transcripts involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics were significantly downregulated (83 of 85 genes). 921 transcripts revealed significant m6A methylation sites (Padj ≤ 0.10). 311 of the 921 mRNA were identified to have both 1) significantly altered expression and 2) differentially methylated sites. Mitochondrial proteomics revealed decreased expression of ATP Synthase subunits in the exposed group (P ≤ 0.05). The lack of m6A modifications to mitochondrial transcripts suggests a mechanism for decreased transcript stability and reduced protein expression due to gestational nano-TiO2 inhalation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Kunovac
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Quincy A. Hathaway
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Medical Education, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Dharendra Thapa
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Andrya J. Durr
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Andrew D. Taylor
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Saira Rizwan
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Daud Sharif
- Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - John M. Hollander
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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12
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Ren Y, Li Z, Li J, Liang R, Wang Z, Bai Y, Yang Y, Tang Q, Fu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Xiong Y. m 6 A mRNA methylation: Biological features, mechanisms, and therapeutic potentials in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13639. [PMID: 37732463 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
As the most common internal post-transcriptional RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) performs a dynamic and reversible role in a variety of biological processes mediated by methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and m6 A binding proteins (readers). M6 A methylation enables transcriptome conversion in different signals that regulate various physiological activities and organ development. Over the past few years, emerging studies have identified that mRNA m6 A regulators defect in β-cell leads to abnormal regulation of the target mRNAs, thereby resulting in β-cell dysfunction and loss of β-cell identity and mass, which are strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathogenesis. Also, mRNA m6 A modification has been implicated with insulin resistance in muscles, fat, and liver cells/tissues. In this review, we elaborate on the biological features of m6 A methylation; provide a comprehensive overview of the underlying mechanisms that how it controls β-cell function, identity, and mass as well as insulin resistance; highlight its connections to glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism linking to T2DM; and further discuss its role in diabetes complications and its therapeutic potentials for T2DM diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zi Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiduo Bai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yafang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaolei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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13
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Yu Y, Liang C, Wang X, Shi Y, Shen L. The potential role of RNA modification in skin diseases, as well as the recent advances in its detection methods and therapeutic agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115524. [PMID: 37722194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modification is considered as an epigenetic modification that plays an indispensable role in biological processes such as gene expression and genome editing without altering nucleotide sequence, but the molecular mechanism of RNA modification has not been discussed systematically in the development of skin diseases. This article mainly presents the whole picture of theoretical achievements on the potential role of RNA modification in dermatology. Furthermore, this article summarizes the latest advances in clinical practice related with RNA modification, including its detection methods and drug development. Based on this comprehensive review, we aim to illustrate the current blind spots and future directions of RNA modification, which may provide new insights for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Huang B, Xie L, Ke M, Fan Y, Tan J, Ran J, Zhu C. Programmed Release METTL3-14 Inhibitor Microneedle Protects Myocardial Function by Reducing Drp1 m6A Modification-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46583-46597. [PMID: 37752784 PMCID: PMC10573327 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
M6A modification is an RNA-important processing event mediated by methyltransferases METTL3 and METTL14 and the demethylases. M6A dynamic changes after myocardial infarction (MI), involved in the massive loss of cardiomyocytes due to hypoxia, as well as the recruitment and activation of myofibroblasts. Balanced mitochondrial fusion and fission are essential to maintain intracardiac homeostasis and reduce poststress myocardial remodeling. Double-layer programmed drug release microneedle (DPDMN) breaks the limitations of existing therapeutic interventions in one period or one type of cells, and multitargeted cellular combination has more potential in MI therapy. By employing hypoxia-ischemic and TGF-β1-induced fibrosis cell models, we found that METTL3-14 inhibition effectively decreased cardiomyocyte death through the reduction of mitochondrial fragmentation and inhibiting myofibrillar transformation. DPDMN treatment of MI in rat models showed improved cardiac function and decreased infarct size and fibrosis level, demonstrating its superior effectiveness. The DPDMN delivers METTL3 inhibitor swiftly in the early phase to rescue dying cardiomyocytes and slowly in the late phase to achieve long-term suppression of fibroblast over proliferation, collagen synthesis, and deposition. RIP assay and mechanistic investigation confirmed that METTL3 inhibition reduced the translation efficiency of Drp1 mRNA by 5'UTR m6A modification, thus decreasing the Drp1 protein level and mitochondrial fragment after hypoxic-ischemic injury. This project investigated the efficacy of DPDMNs-loaded METTL3 inhibitor in MI treatment and the downstream signaling pathway proteins, providing an experimental foundation for the translation of the utility, safety, and versatility of microneedle drug delivery for MI into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyue Huang
- Department
of Anatomy, and Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering,
Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical
University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liu Xie
- Department
of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological
Manufacturing of Chongqing, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering
of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Department
of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan
Medical College, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Ming Ke
- Department
of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological
Manufacturing of Chongqing, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering
of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yonghong Fan
- Department
of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological
Manufacturing of Chongqing, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering
of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ju Tan
- Department
of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological
Manufacturing of Chongqing, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering
of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianhua Ran
- Department
of Anatomy, and Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering,
Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical
University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chuhong Zhu
- Department
of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological
Manufacturing of Chongqing, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering
of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Engineering
Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing,
Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
- Burn
and Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory
of Trauma, Chongqing 400038, China
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15
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Golubeva VA, Dorn LE, Gilbert CJ, Rabolli CP, Das AS, Wanasinghe VS, Veress R, Terentyev D, Accornero F. Loss of YTHDF2 Alters the Expression of m 6A-Modified Myzap and Causes Adverse Cardiac Remodeling. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1180-1194. [PMID: 37791304 PMCID: PMC10543918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
How post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, such as through N6-methyladenosine (m6A) messenger RNA methylation, impacts heart function is not well understood. We found that loss of the m6A binding protein YTHDF2 in cardiomyocytes of adult mice drove cardiac dysfunction. By proteomics, we found myocardial zonula adherens protein (MYZAP) within the top up-regulated proteins in knockout cardiomyocytes. We further demonstrated that YTHDF2 binds m6A-modified Myzap messenger RNA and controls its stability. Cardiac overexpression of MYZAP has been associated with cardiomyopathy. Thus, our findings provide an important new mechanism for the YTHDF2-dependent regulation of this target and therein its novel role in the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha A. Golubeva
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lisa E. Dorn
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher J. Gilbert
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles P. Rabolli
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anindhya Sundar Das
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Vishmi S. Wanasinghe
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Roland Veress
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Federica Accornero
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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16
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Krejčí J, Arcidiacono OA, Čegan R, Radaszkiewicz K, Pacherník J, Pirk J, Pešl M, Fila P, Bártová E. Cell Differentiation and Aging Lead To Up-Regulation of FTO, While the ALKBH5 Protein Level Was Stable During Aging but Up-Regulated During in vitro-Induced Cardiomyogenesis. Physiol Res 2023; 72:425-444. [PMID: 37795886 PMCID: PMC10634569 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
FTO and ALKBH5 proteins are essential erasers of N6-adenosine methylation in RNA. We studied how levels of FTO and ALKBH5 proteins changed during mouse embryonic development, aging, cardiomyogenesis, and neuroectodermal differentiation. We observed that aging in male and female mice was associated with FTO up-regulation in mouse hearts, brains, lungs, and kidneys, while the ALKBH5 level remained stable. FTO and ALKBH5 proteins were up-regulated during experimentally induced cardiomyogenesis, but the level of ALKBH5 protein was not changed when neuroectodermal differentiation was induced. HDAC1 depletion in mouse ES cells caused FTO down-regulation. In these cells, mRNA, carrying information from genes that regulate histone signature, RNA processing, and cell differentiation, was characterized by a reduced level of N6-adenosine methylation in specific gene loci, primarily regulating cell differentiation into neuroectoderm. Together, when we compared both RNA demethylating proteins, the FTO protein level undergoes the most significant changes during cell differentiation and aging. Thus, we conclude that during aging and neuronal differentiation, m6A RNA demethylation is likely regulated by the FTO protein but not via the function of ALKBH5.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Krejčí
- Department of Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic.
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17
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Qiu L, Jing Q, Li Y, Han J. RNA modification: mechanisms and therapeutic targets. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:25. [PMID: 37612540 PMCID: PMC10447785 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modifications are dynamic and reversible chemical modifications on substrate RNA that are regulated by specific modifying enzymes. They play important roles in the regulation of many biological processes in various diseases, such as the development of cancer and other diseases. With the help of advanced sequencing technologies, the role of RNA modifications has caught increasing attention in human diseases in scientific research. In this review, we briefly summarized the basic mechanisms of several common RNA modifications, including m6A, m5C, m1A, m7G, Ψ, A-to-I editing and ac4C. Importantly, we discussed their potential functions in human diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, genetic and developmental diseases, as well as immune disorders. Through the "writing-erasing-reading" mechanisms, RNA modifications regulate the stability, translation, and localization of pivotal disease-related mRNAs to manipulate disease development. Moreover, we also highlighted in this review all currently available RNA-modifier-targeting small molecular inhibitors or activators, most of which are designed against m6A-related enzymes, such as METTL3, FTO and ALKBH5. This review provides clues for potential clinical therapy as well as future study directions in the RNA modification field. More in-depth studies on RNA modifications, their roles in human diseases and further development of their inhibitors or activators are needed for a thorough understanding of epitranscriptomics as well as diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yanbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Junhong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
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18
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Kmietczyk V, Oelschläger J, Gupta P, Varma E, Hartl S, Furkel J, Konstandin M, Marx A, Loewenthal Z, Kamuf-Schenk V, Jürgensen L, Stroh C, Gorska A, Martin-Garrido A, Heineke J, Jakobi T, Frey N, Völkers M. Ythdf2 regulates cardiac remodeling through its mRNA target transcripts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 181:57-66. [PMID: 37315764 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
m6A mRNA methylation controls cardiomyocyte function and increased overall m6A levels are a stereotyping finding in heart failure independent of the underlying etiology. However, it is largely unknown how the information is read by m6A reader proteins in heart failure. Here we show that the m6A reader protein Ythdf2 controls cardiac function and identified a novel mechanism how reader proteins control gene expression and cardiac function. Deletion of Ythdf2 in cardiomyocytes in vivo leads to mild cardiac hypertrophy, reduced heart function, and increased fibrosis during pressure overload as well as during aging. Similarly, in vitro the knockdown of Ythdf2 results in cardiomyocyte growth and remodeling. Mechanistically, we identified the eucaryotic elongation factor 2 as post-transcriptionally regulated by Ythdf2 using cell type specific Ribo-seq data. Our study expands our understanding on the regulatory functions of m6A methylation in cardiomyocytes and how cardiac function is controlled by the m6A reader protein Ythdf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kmietczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Oelschläger
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Varma
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Hartl
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Furkel
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Konstandin
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Z Loewenthal
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Kamuf-Schenk
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Jürgensen
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Stroh
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Gorska
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Martin-Garrido
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University
| | - J Heineke
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University
| | - T Jakobi
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Arizona, College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, USA
| | - N Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Völkers
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Komal S, Gohar A, Althobaiti S, Ahmad Khan I, Cui LG, Zhang LR, Han SN, Shakeel M. ALKBH5 inhibitors as a potential treatment strategy in heart failure-inferences from gene expression profiling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1194311. [PMID: 37583580 PMCID: PMC10425272 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1194311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart Failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome in which the heart is unable to provide enough blood flow to meet metabolic needs and lacks efficient venous return. HF is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality with cardiovascular diseases globally. Despite enormous research, the molecular markers relevant to disease prognosis and management remain not well understood. Here, we analyzed the whole transcriptomes of 18 failing hearts and 15 non-failing hearts (predominantly of Caucasian origin), by applying the standard in silico tools. The analyses revealed novel gene-markers including ALKBH5 of mRNA demethylation and KMT2E of histone modification processes, significantly over-expressed in the HF compared with the non-failing hearts (FDR < 0.05). To validate the over-expression of ALKBH5, we determined the global m6A level in hypoxic H9c2 cells using a dot blot assay. The global m6A level was found markedly lower in the hypoxic H9c2 cells than in the control cells. Additionally, the expression of ALKBH5 in the H9c2 cells was quantified by the qPCR and found to be 1.18 times higher at 12 h (p < 0.05), and 1.67 times higher at 24 h of hypoxia (p < 0.01) compared with the control cells, indicating a likely role of ALKBH5 in the failing cardiac cells. Furthermore, we identified several compounds through the virtual screening of 11,272 drug-like molecules of the ZINC15 database to inhibit the ALKBH5 in a molecular docking process. Collectively, the study revealed novel markers potentially involved in the pathophysiology of HF and suggested plausible therapeutic molecules for the management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumra Komal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Atia Gohar
- Dow Institute for Advanced Biological and Animal Research, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Liu-Gen Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Na Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Shakeel
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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20
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Benak D, Benakova S, Plecita-Hlavata L, Hlavackova M. The role of m 6A and m 6Am RNA modifications in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1223583. [PMID: 37484960 PMCID: PMC10360938 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1223583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapidly developing research field of epitranscriptomics has recently emerged into the spotlight of researchers due to its vast regulatory effects on gene expression and thereby cellular physiology and pathophysiology. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) are among the most prevalent and well-characterized modified nucleosides in eukaryotic RNA. Both of these modifications are dynamically regulated by a complex set of epitranscriptomic regulators called writers, readers, and erasers. Altered levels of m6A and also several regulatory proteins were already associated with diabetic tissues. This review summarizes the current knowledge and gaps about m6A and m6Am modifications and their respective regulators in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. It focuses mainly on the more prevalent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its treatment by metformin, the first-line antidiabetic agent. A better understanding of epitranscriptomic modifications in this highly prevalent disease deserves further investigation and might reveal clinically relevant discoveries in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benak
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Stepanka Benakova
- Laboratory of Pancreatic Islet Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lydie Plecita-Hlavata
- Laboratory of Pancreatic Islet Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marketa Hlavackova
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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21
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Zhang X, Cai H, Xu H, Dong S, Ma H. Critical roles of m 6A methylation in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1187514. [PMID: 37273867 PMCID: PMC10235536 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1187514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been established as a major cause of mortality globally. However, the exact pathogenesis remains obscure. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most common epigenetic modification on mRNAs regulated by methyltransferase complexes (writers), demethylase transferases (erasers) and binding proteins (readers). It is now understood that m6A is a major player in physiological and pathological cardiac processes. m6A methylation are potentially involved in many mechanisms, for instance, regulation of calcium homeostasis, endothelial function, different forms of cell death, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, macrophage response and inflammation. In this review, we will summarize the molecular functions of m6A enzymes. We mainly focus on m6A-associated mechanisms and functions in CVDs, especially in heart failure and ischemia heart disease. We will also discuss the potential application and clinical transformation of m6A modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- The Public Laboratory Platform of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Cai
- The Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Su Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haichun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Sopic M, Robinson EL, Emanueli C, Srivastava P, Angione C, Gaetano C, Condorelli G, Martelli F, Pedrazzini T, Devaux Y. Integration of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:16. [PMID: 37140699 PMCID: PMC10158703 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The number of "omics" approaches is continuously growing. Among others, epigenetics has appeared as an attractive area of investigation by the cardiovascular research community, notably considering its association with disease development. Complex diseases such as cardiovascular diseases have to be tackled using methods integrating different omics levels, so called "multi-omics" approaches. These approaches combine and co-analyze different levels of disease regulation. In this review, we present and discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating gene expression and provide an integrated view of how these mechanisms are interlinked and regulate the development of cardiac disease, with a particular attention to heart failure. We focus on DNA, histone, and RNA modifications, and discuss the current methods and tools used for data integration and analysis. Enhancing the knowledge of these regulatory mechanisms may lead to novel therapeutic approaches and biomarkers for precision healthcare and improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miron Sopic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emma L Robinson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Claudio Angione
- School of Computing, Engineering & Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
- Centre for Digital Innovation, Teesside University, Campus Heart, Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
- National Horizons Centre, Darlington, DL1 1HG, UK
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, San Donato Milanese, 20097, Milan, Italy
| | - Thierry Pedrazzini
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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23
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Song B, Xie B, Liu M, Li H, Shi D, Zhao F. Bibliometric and visual analysis of RAN methylation in cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1110718. [PMID: 37063953 PMCID: PMC10098125 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1110718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundRNA methylation is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurrence and development. The purpose of this study is to visually analyze the results and research trends of global RNA methylation in CVD.MethodsArticles and reviews on RNA methylation in CVD published before 6 November 2022 were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection. Visual and statistical analysis was performed using CiteSpace 1.6.R4 advanced and VOSviewer 1.6.18.ResultsThere were 847 papers from 1,188 institutions and 63 countries/regions. Over approximately 30 years, there was a gradual increase in publications and citations on RNA methylation in CVD. America and China had the highest output (284 and 259 papers, respectively). Nine of the top 20 institutions that published articles were from China, among which Fudan University represented the most. The International Journal of Molecular Sciences was the journal with the most studies. Nature was the most co-cited journal. The most influential writers were Zhang and Wang from China and Mathiyalagan from the United States. After 2015, the primary keywords were cardiac development, heart, promoter methylation, RNA methylation, and N6-methyladenosine. Nuclear RNA, m6A methylation, inhibition, and myocardial infarction were the most common burst keywords from 2020 to the present.ConclusionsA bibliometric analysis reveals research hotspots and trends of RNA methylation in CVD. The regulatory mechanisms of RNA methylation related to CVD and the clinical application of their results, especially m6A methylation, are likely to be the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boce Song
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beili Xie
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingwang Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haohao Li
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Fuhai Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Fuhai Zhao
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Yu L, Cai S, Guo X. m6A RNA methylation modification is involved in the disease course of heart failure. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-15. [PMID: 36943073 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2191086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
We explored N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation as one of the gene regulatory mechanisms in heart failure (HF) biology. Understanding the different physiological mechanisms will facilitate the prevention and individualized treatment of HF. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database served as the source of the data. In GSE116250, differential analysis between ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and controls yielded differentially expressed m6A regulators. Differential analysis between HF and controls in GSE131296 identifies m6A-modified genes and then performs enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed for the differentially expressed ICM- or DCM-associated genes in GSE116250 and GSE55296, respectively. Finally, the diagnostic genes for ICM and DCM were predicted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. YTHDC1, HNRNPC and HNRNPA2B1 were significantly downregulated in GSE116250 in DCM and ICM compared with controls. A total of 195 genes were identified in GSE131296 as subject to m6A alteration. These genes may play a role in HF through the MAPK signaling pathway and p53 signaling pathway. PPI network analysis identified CCL5, CXCR4 and CCL2 as key genes for ICM and IL-6 as a key gene for DCM. Through ROC curves, we identified m6A-modified APLP1, KLF2 as potential diagnostic genes for ICM, and m6A-modified FGF7, FREM1 and C14orf132 as potential diagnostic genes for DCM. Our findings support m6A modifying mechanisms in HF etiology that contribute to the treatment of HF. Thus, our data suggest that m6A methylation may be an interesting target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Yu
- Department of gerontology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxia Cai
- Department of gerontology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuli Guo
- Department of gerontology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
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25
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Wang T, Zhou LY, Li XM, Liu F, Liang L, Chen XZ, Ju J, Ponnusamy M, Wang K, Liu CY, Yan KW, Wang K. ABRO1 arrests cardiomyocyte proliferation and myocardial repair by suppressing PSPH. Mol Ther 2023; 31:847-865. [PMID: 36639869 PMCID: PMC10014284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Abraxas 2 (ABRO1 or KIAA0157), a component of the lysine63-linked deubiquitinating system, in the cardiomyocyte proliferation and myocardial regeneration is unknown. Here, we found that ABRO1 regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration in the postnatal heart by targeting METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of Psph mRNA. The deletion of ABRO1 increased cardiomyocyte proliferation in hearts and restored the heart function after myocardial injury. On the contrary, ABRO1 overexpression significantly inhibited the neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration in mouse hearts. The mechanism by which ABRO1 regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation mainly involved METTL3-mediated Psph mRNA methylation and CDK2 phosphorylation. In the early postnatal period, METTL3-dependent m6A methylation promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation by hypermethylation of Psph mRNA and upregulating PSPH expression. PSPH dephosphorylates cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), a positive regulator of cell cycle, at Thr14/Tyr15 and increases its activity. Upregulation of ABRO1 restricts METTL3 activity and halts the cardiomyocyte proliferation in the postnatal hearts. Thus, our study reveals that ABRO1 is an essential contributor in the cell cycle withdrawal and attenuation of proliferative response in the postnatal cardiomyocytes and could act as a potential target to accelerate cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair in the adult heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lu-Yu Zhou
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Xin-Min Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Anatomy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xin-Zhe Chen
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Jie Ju
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Murugavel Ponnusamy
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Cui-Yun Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Kao-Wen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China.
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and death globally. The most common internal modification of mRNA is N6-adenosylate methylation (m6A). Recently, a growing number of studies have been devoted to researching cardiac remodeling mechanisms, especially m6A RNA methylation, revealing a connection between m6A and cardiovascular diseases. This review summarized the current understanding regarding m6A and elucidated the dynamic modifications of writers, erasers, and readers. Furthermore, we highlighted m6A RNA methylation related to cardiac remodeling and summarized its potential mechanisms. Finally, we discussed the potential of m6A RNA methylation in the treatment of cardiac remodeling.
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Abstract
RNA is not always a faithful copy of DNA. Advances in tools enabling the interrogation of the exact RNA sequence have permitted revision of how genetic information is transferred. We now know that RNA is a dynamic molecule, amenable to chemical modifications of its four canonical nucleotides by dedicated RNA-binding enzymes. The ever-expanding catalogue of identified RNA modifications in mammals has led to a burst of studies in the past 5 years that have explored the biological relevance of the RNA modifications, also known as epitranscriptome. These studies concluded that chemical modification of RNA nucleotides alters several properties of RNA molecules including sequence, secondary structure, RNA-protein interaction, localization and processing. Importantly, a plethora of cellular functions during development, homeostasis and disease are controlled by RNA modification enzymes. Understanding the regulatory interface between a single-nucleotide modification and cellular function will pave the way towards the development of novel diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools for the management of diseases, including cardiovascular disease. In this Review, we use two well-studied and abundant RNA modifications - adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing and N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation - as examples on which to base the discussion about the current knowledge on installation or removal of RNA modifications, their effect on biological processes related to cardiovascular health and disease, and the potential for development and application of epitranscriptome-based prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic tools for cardiovascular disease.
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28
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Liu S, Wang T, Cheng Z, Liu J. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification in the pathophysiology of heart failure: a narrative review. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2022; 12:908-925. [PMID: 36605077 PMCID: PMC9808110 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-22-277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Heart failure is the end-stage of various cardiovascular diseases. Recent progress in molecular biology has facilitated the understanding of the mechanisms of heart failure development at the molecular level. N6-adenosine methylation (m6A) is a post-transcriptional modification of RNA. Recent research work reported that m6A regulates gene expression and subsequently affects the activation of cell signaling pathways related to heart failure. Moreover, m6A regulators like methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) were reported to participate in myocardium hypertrophy. However, the current research work related to the role of m6A participating in the occurrence of heart failure is rare in some aspects like immune cell infiltration and diabetic heart diseases. Thus, it is reasonable to review the current achievements and provide further study orientation. Methods We searched related literature using the keywords: m6A AND heart failure in PubMed, Web of Science and Medline. The language was confined to English. The published year of searched literature ranged from 2012 to 2022. The searched results were put into Endnote software for management. Two authors investigated the searching terms and reviewed the full text of selected terms. Key Content and Findings m6A and its regulators are involved in the metabolism of various types of RNAs. m6A modification can regulate various types of cell signaling pathways related to the heart failure via interaction with m6A regulators. m6A and its regulators broadly participate in the myocardium fibrosis, myocardium hypertrophy, myocardial cell apoptosis, and ischemic reperfusion injury. Specifically, m6A participates in the cell apoptosis via regulation of autophagy flux. However, the current research work does not have enough evidence to prove that m6A regulator played its specific effect on the target transcript via regulating the m6A level. Conclusions m6A and its regulators participates in the progression of heart failure via modifying the RNA level. Future investigation of m6A should focus on the interaction between the m6A regulators and targeted transcript. Besides, the regulation role of m6A in immune cell infiltration and diabetic heart diseases should also be focused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tongyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zeyi Cheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang Y, Jiang J, Ma J, Wei Z, Wang Y, Song B, Meng J, Jia G, de Magalhães JP, Rigden D, Hang D, Chen K. DirectRMDB: a database of post-transcriptional RNA modifications unveiled from direct RNA sequencing technology. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 51:D106-D116. [PMID: 36382409 PMCID: PMC9825532 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With advanced technologies to map RNA modifications, our understanding of them has been revolutionized, and they are seen to be far more widespread and important than previously thought. Current next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based modification profiling methods are blind to RNA modifications and thus require selective chemical treatment or antibody immunoprecipitation methods for particular modification types. They also face the problem of short read length, isoform ambiguities, biases and artifacts. Direct RNA sequencing (DRS) technologies, commercialized by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT), enable the direct interrogation of any given modification present in individual transcripts and promise to address the limitations of previous NGS-based methods. Here, we present the first ONT-based database of quantitative RNA modification profiles, DirectRMDB, which includes 16 types of modification and a total of 904,712 modification sites in 25 species identified from 39 independent studies. In addition to standard functions adopted by existing databases, such as gene annotations and post-transcriptional association analysis, we provide a fresh view of RNA modifications, which enables exploration of the epitranscriptome in an isoform-specific manner. The DirectRMDB database is freely available at: http://www.rnamd.org/directRMDB/.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhen Wei
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Zhen Wei.
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Xi’anJiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China,Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bowen Song
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Xi’anJiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China,Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Xi’anJiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jia Meng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi’anJiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China,AI University Research Centre, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China,Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Xi’anJiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Guifang Jia
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - João Pedro de Magalhães
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Xi’anJiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Daniel J Rigden
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Xi’anJiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Daiyun Hang
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Daiyun Hang.
| | - Kunqi Chen
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 0591 22862299;
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METTL14 is required for exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy and protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6762. [PMID: 36351918 PMCID: PMC9646739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34434-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA m6A modification is the most widely distributed RNA methylation and is closely related to various pathophysiological processes. Although the benefit of regular exercise on the heart has been well recognized, the role of RNA m6A in exercise training and exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy remains largely unknown. Here, we show that endurance exercise training leads to reduced cardiac mRNA m6A levels. METTL14 is downregulated by exercise, both at the level of RNA m6A and at the protein level. In vivo, wild-type METTL14 overexpression, but not MTase inactive mutant METTL14, blocks exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac-specific METTL14 knockdown attenuates acute ischemia-reperfusion injury as well as cardiac dysfunction in ischemia-reperfusion remodeling. Mechanistically, silencing METTL14 suppresses Phlpp2 mRNA m6A modifications and activates Akt-S473, in turn regulating cardiomyocyte growth and apoptosis. Our data indicates that METTL14 plays an important role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis. METTL14 downregulation represents a promising therapeutic strategy to attenuate cardiac remodeling.
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Targeting Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiomyocytes through Development for Therapeutic Cardiac Regeneration after Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911878. [PMID: 36233177 PMCID: PMC9569953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, with no cure currently. Therefore, there is a dire need to further understand the mechanisms that arise during heart failure. Notoriously, the adult mammalian heart has a very limited ability to regenerate its functional cardiac cells, cardiomyocytes, after injury. However, the neonatal mammalian heart has a window of regeneration that allows for the repair and renewal of cardiomyocytes after injury. This specific timeline has been of interest in the field of cardiovascular and regenerative biology as a potential target for adult cardiomyocyte repair. Recently, many of the neonatal cardiomyocyte regeneration mechanisms have been associated with epigenetic regulation within the heart. This review summarizes the current and most promising epigenetic mechanisms in neonatal cardiomyocyte regeneration, with a specific emphasis on the potential for targeting these mechanisms in adult cardiac models for repair after injury.
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32
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RNA modifications in aging-associated cardiovascular diseases. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8110-8136. [PMID: 36178367 PMCID: PMC9596201 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide that bears an enormous healthcare burden and aging is a major contributing factor to CVDs. Functional gene expression network during aging is regulated by mRNAs transcriptionally and by non-coding RNAs epi-transcriptionally. RNA modifications alter the stability and function of both mRNAs and non-coding RNAs and are involved in differentiation, development, and diseases. Here we review major chemical RNA modifications on mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, including N6-adenosine methylation, N1-adenosine methylation, 5-methylcytidine, pseudouridylation, 2′ -O-ribose-methylation, and N7-methylguanosine, in the aging process with an emphasis on cardiovascular aging. We also summarize the currently available methods to detect RNA modifications and the bioinformatic tools to study RNA modifications. More importantly, we discussed the specific implication of the RNA modifications on mRNAs and non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of aging-associated CVDs, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart diseases, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, venous insufficiency, and stroke.
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Sikorski V, Vento A, Kankuri E. Emerging roles of the RNA modifications N6-methyladenosine and adenosine-to-inosine in cardiovascular diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:426-461. [PMID: 35991314 PMCID: PMC9366019 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases lead the mortality and morbidity disease metrics worldwide. A multitude of chemical base modifications in ribonucleic acids (RNAs) have been linked with key events of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Named either RNA epigenetics or epitranscriptomics, the post-transcriptional RNA modifications, their regulatory pathways, components, and downstream effects substantially contribute to the ways our genetic code is interpreted. Here we review the accumulated discoveries to date regarding the roles of the two most common epitranscriptomic modifications, N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilbert Sikorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vento
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Corresponding author Esko Kankuri, M.D. Ph.D., Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, PO Box 63 (Haartmaninkatu 8), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Li W, Xing C, Bao L, Han S, Luo T, Wang Z, Fan H. Comprehensive analysis of RNA m6A methylation in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:576. [PMID: 35953789 PMCID: PMC9373449 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To analyze and compare the mRNA N6-methyladenosine modifications in transverse aortic constriction induced mice hearts and normal mice hearts. Materials and methods Colorimetric quantification was used to probe the changes in m6A modifications in the total RNA. The expression of m6A-related enzymes was analyzed via qRT-PCR and western blotting. RNA-seq and MeRIP-seq were performed to identify genes with differences in m6A modifications or expression in the transcriptome profile. Results Compared with the control group, the TAC group exhibited higher m6A methylation levels. FTO and WTAP were downregulated after TAC, while METTL3 was significantly downregulated at the protein level. MeRIP-seq revealed that 1179 m6A peaks were upmethylated and 733 m6A peaks were downmethylated, and biological analysis of these genes exhibited a strong relationship with heart function. Conclusion Our findings provide novel information regarding m6A modification and gene expression changes in cardiac hypertrophy, which may be fundamental for further research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08833-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Chenxv Xing
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Limeng Bao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Shengna Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Tianxia Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No.156 Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhiju Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Hongkun Fan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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35
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Woudenberg T, Kruyt ND, Quax PHA, Nossent AY. Change of Heart: the Epitranscriptome of Small Non-coding RNAs in Heart Failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2022; 19:255-266. [PMID: 35876969 PMCID: PMC9534797 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-022-00561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Small non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression and are highly implicated in heart failure. Recently, an additional level of post-transcriptional regulation has been identified, referred to as the epitranscriptome, which encompasses the body of post-transcriptional modifications that are placed on RNA molecules. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the small non-coding RNA epitranscriptome in heart failure. Recent Findings With the rise of new methods to study RNA modifications, epitranscriptome research has begun to take flight. Over the past 3 years, the number of publications on the epitranscriptome in heart failure has significantly increased, and we expect many more highly relevant publications to come out over the next few years. Summary Currently, at least six modifications on small non-coding RNAs have been investigated in heart failure-relevant studies, namely N6-adenosine, N5-cytosine and N7-guanosine methylation, 2’-O-ribose-methylation, adenosine-to-inosine editing, and isomiRs. Their potential role in heart failure is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Woudenberg
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, D6-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nyika D Kruyt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, D6-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - A Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, D6-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands. .,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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36
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Shen H, Xie K, Li M, Yang Q, Wang X. N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A) methyltransferase METTL3 regulates sepsis-induced myocardial injury through IGF2BP1/HDAC4 dependent manner. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:322. [PMID: 35840562 PMCID: PMC9287338 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) extensively participates in the myocardial injury pathophysiological process. However, the role of m6A on sepsis-induced myocardial injury is still unclear. Here, we investigated the functions and mechanism of m6A methyltransferase METTL3 for septic myocardial injury. Results illustrated that the m6A modification level and METTL3 up-regulated in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocytes (H9C2 cells). Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) revealed the m6A profile of the septic myocardial injury cellular model. Functionally, METTL3 knockdown repressed the inflammatory damage of cardiomyocytes induced by LPS. Mechanistically, we found that HDAC4 had remarkable m6A modification sites on its 3'-UTR genome, acting as the downstream target of METTL3. Besides, m6A reader IGF2BP1 recognized the m6A modification sites on HDAC4 mRNA and enhanced its RNA stability. In conclusion, the findings illustrated a role of METTL3/IGF2BP1/m6A/HDAC4 axis on sepsis-induced myocardial injury, which might provide novel therapeutic strategy for septic myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Keliang Xie
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Department of Pediatric surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, 300074, China
| | - Qianyu Yang
- Department of Pediatric surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, 300074, China
| | - Xiaoye Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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37
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Zhang R, Qu Y, Ji Z, Hao C, Su Y, Yao Y, Zuo W, Chen X, Yang M, Ma G. METTL3 mediates Ang-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy through accelerating pri-miR-221/222 maturation in an m6A-dependent manner. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:55. [PMID: 35836108 PMCID: PMC9284900 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background METTL3 is the core catalytic enzyme in m6A and is involved in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether and how METTL3 plays a role during angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced myocardial hypertrophy is still unknown. Methods Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and C57BL/6J mice were treated with Ang-II to induce myocardial hypertrophy. qRT-PCR and western blots were used to detect the expression of RNAs and proteins. Gene function was verified by knockdown and/or overexpression, respectively. Luciferase and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to verify interactions among multiple genes. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and immunofluorescence were used to examine myocardial size. m6A methylation was detected by a colorimetric kit. Results METTL3 and miR-221/222 expression and m6A levels were significantly increased in response to Ang-II stimulation. Knockdown of METTL3 or miR-221/222 could completely abolish the ability of NRCMs to undergo hypertrophy. The expression of miR-221/222 was positively regulated by METTL3, and the levels of pri-miR-221/222 that bind to DGCR8 or form m6A methylation were promoted by METTL3 in NRCMs. The effect of METTL3 knockdown on hypertrophy was antagonized by miR-221/222 overexpression. Mechanically, Wnt/β-catenin signaling was activated during hypertrophy and restrained by METTL3 or miR-221/222 inhibition. The Wnt/β-catenin antagonist DKK2 was directly targeted by miR-221/222, and the effect of miR-221/222 inhibitor on Wnt/β-catenin was abolished after inhibition of DKK2. Finally, AAV9-mediated cardiac METTL3 knockdown was able to attenuate Ang-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mouse model. Conclusions Our findings suggest that METTL3 positively modulates the pri-miR221/222 maturation process in an m6A-dependent manner and subsequently activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by inhibiting DKK2, thus promoting Ang-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. AAV9-mediated cardiac METTL3 knockdown could be a therapeutic for pathological myocardial hypertrophy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11658-022-00349-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjun Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshu Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamin Su
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Hunan road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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38
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Li L, Xu N, Liu J, Chen Z, Liu X, Wang J. m6A Methylation in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Potential. Front Genet 2022; 13:908976. [PMID: 35836571 PMCID: PMC9274458 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.908976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have shown that n6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays a major role in cardiovascular homeostasis and pathophysiology. These studies have confirmed that m6A methylation affects the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases by regulating cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis. Moreover, plenty of research has confirmed that m6A modification can delay the progression of CVD via the post-transcriptional regulation of RNA. However, there are few available summaries of m6A modification regarding CVD. In this review, we highlight advances in CVD-specific research concerning m6A modification, summarize the mechanisms underlying the involvement of m6A modification during the development of CVD, and discuss the potential of m6A modification as a therapeutic target of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Junnan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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39
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Fan S, Hu Y. Role of m6A Methylation in the Occurrence and Development of Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:892113. [PMID: 35811741 PMCID: PMC9263194 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.892113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is one of the most common epigenetic modifications in RNA nucleotides. It is known that m6A methylation is involved in regulation, including gene expression, homeostasis, mRNA stability and other biological processes, affecting metabolism and a variety of biochemical regulation processes, and affecting the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. Cardiovascular disease has high morbidity, disability rate and mortality in the world, of which heart failure is the final stage. Deeper understanding of the potential molecular mechanism of heart failure and exploring more effective treatment strategies will bring good news to the sick population. At present, m6A methylation is the latest research direction, which reveals some potential links between epigenetics and pathogenesis of heart failure. And m6A methylation will bring new directions and ideas for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. The purpose of this paper is to review the physiological and pathological mechanisms of m6A methylation that may be involved in cardiac remodeling in heart failure, so as to explain the possible role of m6A methylation in the occurrence and development of heart failure. And we hope to help m6A methylation obtain more in-depth research in the occurrence and development of heart failure.
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40
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Kokot KE, Kneuer JM, John D, Rebs S, Möbius-Winkler MN, Erbe S, Müller M, Andritschke M, Gaul S, Sheikh BN, Haas J, Thiele H, Müller OJ, Hille S, Leuschner F, Dimmeler S, Streckfuss-Bömeke K, Meder B, Laufs U, Boeckel JN. Reduction of A-to-I RNA editing in the failing human heart regulates formation of circular RNAs. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:32. [PMID: 35737129 PMCID: PMC9226085 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of RNA editing that affect the secondary structure of RNAs can cause human diseases. We therefore studied RNA editing in failing human hearts. Transcriptome sequencing showed that adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing was responsible for 80% of the editing events in the myocardium. Failing human hearts were characterized by reduced RNA editing. This was primarily attributable to Alu elements in introns of protein-coding genes. In the failing left ventricle, 166 circRNAs were upregulated and 7 circRNAs were downregulated compared to non-failing controls. Most of the upregulated circRNAs were associated with reduced RNA editing in the host gene. ADAR2, which binds to RNA regions that are edited from A-to-I, was decreased in failing human hearts. In vitro, reduction of ADAR2 increased circRNA levels suggesting a causal effect of reduced ADAR2 levels on increased circRNAs in the failing human heart. To gain mechanistic insight, one of the identified upregulated circRNAs with a high reduction of editing in heart failure, AKAP13, was further characterized. ADAR2 reduced the formation of double-stranded structures in AKAP13 pre-mRNA, thereby reducing the stability of Alu elements and the circularization of the resulting circRNA. Overexpression of circAKAP13 impaired the sarcomere regularity of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. These data show that ADAR2 mediates A-to-I RNA editing in the human heart. A-to-I RNA editing represses the formation of dsRNA structures of Alu elements favoring canonical linear mRNA splicing and inhibiting the formation of circRNAs. The findings are relevant to diseases with reduced RNA editing and increased circRNA levels and provide insights into the human-specific regulation of circRNA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline E Kokot
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jasmin M Kneuer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David John
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University Hospital, Theodor Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sabine Rebs
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Versbacher-Str. 9, Würzburg, Germany
- Heartcenter - Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medicine Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Erbe
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marion Müller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Ruhr University of Bochum, Heart-and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Michael Andritschke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Gaul
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bilal N Sheikh
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Haas
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig and Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Hille
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University Hospital, Theodor Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Versbacher-Str. 9, Würzburg, Germany
- Heartcenter - Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medicine Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Meder
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jes-Niels Boeckel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, Leipzig, Germany.
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41
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Jiapaer Z, Su D, Hua L, Lehmann HI, Gokulnath P, Vulugundam G, Song S, Zhang L, Gong Y, Li G. Regulation and roles of RNA modifications in aging-related diseases. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13657. [PMID: 35718942 PMCID: PMC9282851 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aging of the global population, accumulating interest is focused on manipulating the fundamental aging-related signaling pathways to delay the physiological aging process and eventually slow or prevent the appearance or severity of multiple aging-related diseases. Recently, emerging evidence has shown that RNA modifications, which were historically considered infrastructural features of cellular RNAs, are dynamically regulated across most of the RNA species in cells and thereby critically involved in major biological processes, including cellular senescence and aging. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about RNA modifications and provide a catalog of RNA modifications on different RNA species, including mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNA, tRNAs, and rRNAs. Most importantly, we focus on the regulation and roles of these RNA modifications in aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cataracts, osteoporosis, and fertility decline. This would be an important step toward a better understanding of fundamental aging mechanisms and thereby facilitating the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics for aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyidan Jiapaer
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, China
| | - Dingwen Su
- Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lingyang Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Helge Immo Lehmann
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Priyanka Gokulnath
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gururaja Vulugundam
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Shannan Song
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, China
| | - Lingying Zhang
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, China
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Rabolli CP, Accornero F. m6A RNA methylation: A dynamic regulator of cardiac muscle and extracellular matrix. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [PMID: 37304645 PMCID: PMC10249538 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional modifications encompass a large group of RNA alterations that control gene expression. Methylation of the N6-Adenosine (m6A) of mRNA is a prevalent modification which alters the life cycle of transcripts. The roles that m6A play in regulating cardiac homeostasis and injury response are an active area of investigation, but it is clear that this chemical modification is a critical controller of fibroblast to myofibroblast transition, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and division, and the structure and function of the extracellular matrix. Here we discuss the latest findings of m6A in cardiac muscle and matrix.
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Li J, Zhang X, Wang X, Sun C, Zheng J, Li J, Yi G, Yang N. The m6A methylation regulates gonadal sex differentiation in chicken embryo. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:52. [PMID: 35581635 PMCID: PMC9115958 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a ubiquitous reversible epigenetic RNA modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays crucial regulatory roles in multiple biological pathways. However, its functional mechanisms in sex determination and differentiation during gonadal development of chicken embryos are not clear. Therefore, we established a transcriptome-wide m6A map in the female and male chicken left gonads of embryonic day 7 (E7) by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) to offer insight into the landscape of m6A methylation and investigate the post-transcriptional modification underlying gonadal differentiation. Results The chicken embryonic gonadal transcriptome was extensively methylated. We found 15,191 and 16,111 m6A peaks in the female and male left gonads, respectively, which were mainly enriched in the coding sequence (CDS) and stop codon. Among these m6A peaks, we identified that 1013 and 751 were hypermethylated in females and males, respectively. These differential peaks covered 281 and 327 genes, such as BMP2, SMAD2, SOX9 and CYP19A1, which were primarily associated with development, morphogenesis and sex differentiation by functional enrichment. Further analysis revealed that the m6A methylation level was positively correlated with gene expression abundance. Furthermore, we found that YTHDC2 could regulate the expression of sex-related genes, especially HEMGN and SOX9, in male mesonephros/gonad mingle cells, which was verified by in vitro experiments, suggesting a regulatory role of m6A methylation in chicken gonad differentiation. Conclusions This work provided a comprehensive m6A methylation profile of chicken embryonic gonads and revealed YTHDC2 as a key regulator responsible for sex differentiation. Our results contribute to a better understanding of epigenetic factors involved in chicken sex determination and differentiation and to promoting the future development of sex manipulation in poultry industry. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00710-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiqiong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Congjiao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangxia Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junying Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Yi
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ning Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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44
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Liu Y, Luo G, Tang Q, Song Y, Liu D, Wang H, Ma J. Methyltransferase-like 14 silencing relieves the development of atherosclerosis via m 6A modification of p65 mRNA. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11832-11843. [PMID: 35543357 PMCID: PMC9275857 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2031409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the METTL14-dependent m6A modification mechanism involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and the HUVEC cell line were used to establish an atherosclerosis cell model in vitro, and APOE−/− mice fed a high-fat diet were used as the animal model. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using MTT assays and flow cytometry. The status of m6A in HUVECs was examined using MeRIP-qPCR. Oil Red O staining was used to evaluate the lesions or plaques on aortas separated from the target mice. METTL14 and METTL3 were upregulated in HUVECs after ox-LDL treatment. After transfection with si-METTL14, the bcl-2 expression level and the viability of ox-LDL-incubated cells increased, whereas the apoptosis rate and the expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 decreased. However, the effect of METTL14 knockdown was reversed by p65 overexpression. After METTL14 knockdown, there was a decrease in the total m6A content in HUVECs, m6A modification, and p65 expression. The plaques and lesion areas on the high-fat diet APOE−/− mouse aortas were smaller after METTL14 silencing. METTL14 reduced cell viability and promoted apoptosis of HUVECs, which were both induced by ox-LDL via m6A modification of p65. Knocking down METTL14 could inhibit the development of atherosclerosis in high-fat diet-treated APOE−/− mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Liu
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Quan Tang
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Daxing Liu
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junliang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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45
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Chai T, Tian M, Yang X, Qiu Z, Lin X, Chen L. Association of Circulating Cathepsin B Levels With Blood Pressure and Aortic Dilation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:762468. [PMID: 35425820 PMCID: PMC9001941 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.762468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a key risk factor for spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) and aortic dilation. Circulating proteins play key roles in a range of biological processes and represent a major source of druggable targets. The aim of this study was to identify circulating proteins that were associated with blood pressure (BP), SCAD and aortic dilation. We identified shared genetic variants of BP and SCAD in genome-wide association studies, searched for circulating protein affected by these variants and examined the association of circulating protein levels with BP, aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) and aortic diameters by integrating data from circulating protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) studies and genome wide association study (GWAS) in individuals from the UK Biobank using two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis methods. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in JAG1, ERI1, ULK4, THSD4, CMIP, COL4A2, FBN1, FAM76B, FGGY, NUS1, and HNF4G, which were related to extracellular matrix components, were associated with both BP and SCAD. We found 49 significant pQTL signals among these SNPs. The regulated proteins were encoded by MMP10, IL6R, FIGF, MMP1, CTSB, IGHG1, DSG2, TTC17, RETN, POMC, SCARF2, RELT, and GALNT16, which were enriched in biological processes such as collagen metabolic process and multicellular organism metabolic process. Causal associations between BP and AAD and aortic diameters were detected. Significant associations between circulating levels of cathepsin B, a well-known prorenin processing enzyme, and BP and aortic diameters were identified by using several Mendelian randomization analysis methods and were validated by independent data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Chai
- Department of Cardiovasclar Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinyi People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengyue Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhihuang Qiu
- Department of Cardiovasclar Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinjian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangwan Chen
- Department of Cardiovasclar Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liangwan Chen,
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46
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Xu Z, Lv B, Qin Y, Zhang B. Emerging Roles and Mechanism of m6A Methylation in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071101. [PMID: 35406663 PMCID: PMC8997388 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are currently the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and their underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, the most common and abundant epigenetic modification of eukaryotic mRNA, is regulated by m6A methyltransferase, demethylase, and the m6A binding protein, which affect the transcription, cleavage, translation, and degradation of target mRNA. m6A methylation plays a vital role in the physiological and pathological processes of CMDs. In this review, we summarize the role played by m6A methylation in CMDs, including obesity, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocardial hypertrophy, heart failure, and atherosclerosis. We also describe mechanisms that potentially involve the participation of m6A methylation, such as those driving calcium homeostasis, circadian rhythm, lipid metabolism, autophagy, macrophage response, and inflammation. m6A methylation and its regulators are expected to be targets for the treatment of CMDs.
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Interactions of circRNAs with methylation: An important aspect of circRNA biogenesis and function (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:169. [PMID: 35302170 PMCID: PMC8971914 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) molecules are noncoding RNAs with unique circular covalently closed structures that contribute to gene expression regulation, protein translation and act as microRNA sponges. circRNAs also have important roles in human disease, particularly tumorigenesis and antitumor processes. Methylation is an epigenetic modification that regulates the expression and roles of DNA and coding RNA and their interactions, as well as of noncoding RNA molecules. Previous studies have focused on the effects of methylation modification on circRNA expression, transport, stability, translation and degradation of circRNAs, as well as how circRNA methylation occurs and the influence of circRNAs on methylation modification processes. circRNA and methylation can also regulate disease pathogenesis via these interactions. In the present study, we define the relationship between circRNAs and methylation, as well as the functions and mechanisms of their interactions during disease progression.
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Choy M, Xue R, Wu Y, Fan W, Dong Y, Liu C. Role of N6-methyladenosine Modification in Cardiac Remodeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:774627. [PMID: 35224032 PMCID: PMC8866307 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.774627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is the critical process in heart failure due to many cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cardiomyopathy. However, treatments for heart failure focusing on cardiac remodeling show relatively limited effectiveness. In recent decades, epitranscriptomic modifications were found abundantly present throughout the progression of cardiac remodeling, and numerous types of biochemical modifications were identified. m6A modification is the methylation of the adenosine base at the nitrogen-6 position, and dysregulation of m6A modification has been implicated in a wide range of diseases. However, function of m6A modifications still remain largely unknown in cardiac diseases, especially cardiac remodeling. LncRNAs are also shown to play a vital role in the pathophysiology of cardiac remodeling and heart failure. The crosstalk between lncRNAs and m6A modification provides a novel prospective for exploring possible regulatory mechanism and therapeutic targets of cardiac remodeling. This review summarizes the role of m6A modification in cardiac remodeling in the current researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- ManTing Choy
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruicong Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wendong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Liu
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Peng L, Long T, Li F, Xie Q. Emerging role of m 6 A modification in cardiovascular diseases. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:711-722. [PMID: 35114043 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute to the leading cause of death worldwide. Despite significantly improvements in CVDs diagnosis and treatment, a continued effort to explore novel therapeutic strategies is urgently need. N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) RNA methylation, well known as the most prevalent type of RNA modifications, involved in RNA stability, nuclear exports, translation and decoy, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, including CVDs, cancer and drug resistance. Here, our article summarizes cellular functions of m6 A modulators and recent research progress concerning the functions and mechanisms of m6 A methylation in CVDs, in hope of providing references for exploring novel therapeutic approaches and potential biomarkers in the treatment of CVDs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmaco Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyi Long
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiying Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Mettl3 deficiency leads to the upregulation of Cav1.2 and increases arrhythmia susceptibility in mice. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:199-208. [PMID: 35130614 PMCID: PMC9909299 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2021025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyltransferase-like 3 (Mettl3) is a component of methyltransferase complex that mediates mA modification of RNAs, and participates in multiple biological processes. However, the role of Mettl3 in cardiac electrophysiology remains unknown. This study aims to explore the ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility of Mettl3 mice and the underlying mechanisms. Mice were anesthetized with 2% avertin (0.1 mL/ body weight) for echocardiography and programmed electrical pacing. Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to examine the electrophysiological property of cardiomyocytes. The expression of Cav1.2 was determined by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. The mA medication of mRNA was examined by MeRIP-Seq and MeRIP-qPCR. No differences are found in the morphology and function of the hearts between Mettl3 mice and wild-type (WT) controls. The QT and QTc intervals of Mettl3 mice are significantly longer. High-frequency electrical stimulation showed that heterozygous knockout of Mettl3 increases ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility. The whole-cell patch-clamp recordings showed that the APD is prolonged in Mettl3 ventricular myocytes and more EADs were observed. The density of is substantially increased in ventricular myocytes of Mettl3 mice. The pore-forming subunit of L-type calcium channel Cav1.2 is upregulated in Mettl3 mice, while the mRNA of its coding gene does not change. MeRIP-Seq and MeRIP-qPCR showed that the mA methylation of mRNA is decreased in cultured Mettl3-knockdown cardiomyocytes and Mettl3 hearts. Collectively, deficiency of Mettl3 increases ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility due to the upregulation of Cav1.2 by reducing mA modification onmRNA in mice. This study highlights the role of mA modification in the regulation of cardiac electrophysiology.
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