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Agyei FK, Scharf B, Duodu S. Vibrio cholerae Bacteremia: An Enigma in Cholera-Endemic African Countries. Trop Med Infect Dis 2024; 9:103. [PMID: 38787036 PMCID: PMC11125774 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed9050103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholera is highly endemic in many sub-Saharan African countries. The bacterium Vibrio cholerae is responsible for this severe dehydrating diarrheal disease that accounts for over 100,000 deaths each year globally. In recent years, the pathogen has been found to invade intestinal layers and translocate into the bloodstream of humans. The non-toxigenic strains of V. cholerae (non-O1/O139), also known as NOVC, which do not cause epidemic or pandemic cases of cholera, are the major culprits of V. cholerae bacteremia. In non-cholera-endemic regions, clinical reports on NOVC infection have been noted over the past few decades, particularly in Europe and America. Although low-middle-income countries are most susceptible to cholera infections because of challenges with access to clean water and inappropriate sanitation issues, just a few cases of V. cholerae bloodstream infections have been reported. The lack of evidence-based research and surveillance of V. cholerae bacteremia in Africa may have significant clinical implications. This commentary summarizes the existing knowledge on the host risk factors, pathogenesis, and diagnostics of NOVC bacteremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foster K. Agyei
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Accra LG54, Ghana;
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Birgit Scharf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Samuel Duodu
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Accra LG54, Ghana;
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Accra LG54, Ghana
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2
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Singh KA, Anandan S, Sharma A, Kumar SE, Solaimalai D, Veeraraghavan B, Goel A, Eapen CE, Zachariah UG. High Mortality With Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholera Bacteraemia in Patients With Cirrhosis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101346. [PMID: 38371607 PMCID: PMC10869911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Data on non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholera (NOVC) infection in liver disease is limited. We studied the clinical features and outcome of patients with cirrhosis with non-NOVC bacteraemia and/or spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) when compared to non-extended spectrum beta lactamase (non-ESBL) Escherichia coli (E. coli). Methods Hospital information system of patients with cirrhosis admitted with bacteraemia and/or SBP from 2010 to 2020 was searched to include patients with NOVC infection. Non-ESBL E. coli bacteraemia/bacterascites were chosen as a comparator group, matched for the date of admission within 5 days of index case. Propensity score matching (PSM) was done for patient's age and Child score to compare outcome at discharge between NOVC-infected and E. coli-infected cirrhotic patients. Results There were 2545 patients admitted with bacteraemia and/or SBP during the study period; 29 had NOVC isolated (M:F = 23:6; age: 39, 18-54 years; median, range; model for end-stage liver disease [MELD] score: 25, 12-38; Child score: 11, 10-12.5) from either blood (26), ascites (3), or both (8). Of these, 26 isolates were pan-sensitive to antibiotic sensitivity tests. Fifty-three patients with non-ESBL E. coli were isolated (M: F = 43:10; age: 48; 18-69 years; MELD score: 25, 20-32; Child score:12,11-13) from blood (31), ascites (17), or both (5) within the selected time frame. Of these, 48 isolates were sensitive to the empirical antibiotics initiated.After PSM, in comparison with 29 non-ESBL E. coli patients (age: 41, 18-55 years; MELD score: 24, 19-31; Child score: 12, 11-13), NOVC patients had higher incidence of circulatory failure at admission (14 [49 %] vs 4 [13 %]; P: 0.01) and significantly higher in-hospital mortality (15 [52 %] vs 6 [20 %];P: 0.028]. Conclusions Bacteraemia due to non-O1/non-O139 strains of V. cholera, is an uncommon cause of bacteraemia or bacterascites in patients with cirrhosis and is associated with high incidence of circulatory failure and significant mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar A. Singh
- Departments of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Shalini Anandan
- Departments of Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Anand Sharma
- Departments of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Santhosh E. Kumar
- Departments of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | | | - Ashish Goel
- Departments of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | - Uday G. Zachariah
- Departments of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
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3
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Rehm C, Kolm C, Pleininger S, Heger F, Indra A, Reischer GH, Farnleitner AAH, Kirschner AKT. Vibrio cholerae-An emerging pathogen in Austrian bathing waters? Wien Klin Wochenschr 2023; 135:597-608. [PMID: 37530997 PMCID: PMC10651712 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-023-02241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae, an important human pathogen, is naturally occurring in specific aquatic ecosystems. With very few exceptions, only the cholera-toxigenic strains belonging to the serogroups O1 and O139 are responsible for severe cholera outbreaks with epidemic or pandemic potential. All other nontoxigenic, non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae (NTVC) strains may cause various other diseases, such as mild to severe infections of the ears, of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts as well as wound and bloodstream infections. Older, immunocompromised people and patients with specific preconditions have an elevated risk. In recent years, worldwide reports demonstrated that NTVC infections are on the rise, caused amongst others by elevated water temperatures due to global warming.The aim of this review is to summarize the knowledge gained during the past two decades on V. cholerae infections and its occurrence in bathing waters in Austria, with a special focus on the lake Neusiedler See. We investigated whether NTVC infections have increased and which specific environmental conditions favor the occurrence of NTVC. We present an overview of state of the art methods that are currently available for clinical and environmental diagnostics. A preliminary public health risk assessment concerning NTVC infections related to the Neusiedler See was established. In order to raise awareness of healthcare professionals for NTVC infections, typical symptoms, possible treatment options and the antibiotic resistance status of Austrian NTVC isolates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rehm
- Division Water Quality and Health, Karl-Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology - Water Microbiology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health
| | - Claudia Kolm
- Division Water Quality and Health, Karl-Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health
- Institute for Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Microbiology and Molecular Diagnostics 166/5/3, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Pleininger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, National Reference Centre for Vibrio cholerae, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Heger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, National Reference Centre for Vibrio cholerae, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Indra
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, National Reference Centre for Vibrio cholerae, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Georg H Reischer
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health
- Institute for Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Microbiology and Molecular Diagnostics 166/5/3, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas A H Farnleitner
- Division Water Quality and Health, Karl-Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health
- Institute for Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Microbiology and Molecular Diagnostics 166/5/3, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander K T Kirschner
- Division Water Quality and Health, Karl-Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria.
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology - Water Microbiology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health, .
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El-Zamkan MA, Ahmed AS, Abdelhafeez HH, Mohamed HMA. Molecular characterization of Vibrio species isolated from dairy and water samples. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15368. [PMID: 37717062 PMCID: PMC10505214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42334-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio species can cause foodborne infections and lead to serious gastrointestinal illnesses. The purpose of this research was to detect the Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw milk, dairy products, and water samples. Also, it investigated the virulence factors, antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in isolated bacteria. Conventional and molecular approaches were used to identify the isolates in this study. Vibrio species were detected in 5% of the samples. Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated from 1.25 and 1.5%, respectively, of the total samples. Penicillin resistance was detected in all strains of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, with a MAR index ranging from 0.16 to 0.5. Four isolates were moderate biofilm producer and three of them were MDR. When Vibrio cholerae was screened for virulence genes, ctxAB, hlyA, and tcpA were found in 80, 60, and 80% of isolates, respectively. However, tdh + /trh + associated-virulence genes were found in 33.3% of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A El-Zamkan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control (Milk Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Shaban Ahmed
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control (Milk Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Abdelhafeez
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Hams M A Mohamed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
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Rehm C, Lippert K, Indra A, Kolarević S, Kračun‐Kolarević M, Leopold M, Steinbacher S, Schachner I, Campostrini L, Risslegger A, Farnleitner AH, Kolm C, Kirschner AK. First report on the occurrence of Vibrio cholerae nonO1/nonO139 in natural and artificial lakes and ponds in Serbia: Evidence for a long-distance transfer of strains and the presence of Vibrio paracholerae. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 15:142-152. [PMID: 36779243 PMCID: PMC10103850 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae are natural inhabitants of specific aquatic environments. Strains not belonging to serogroups O1 and O139 are usually unable to produce cholera toxin and cause cholera. However, non-toxigenic V. cholerae (NTVC) are able to cause a variety of mild-to-severe human infections (via seafood consumption or recreational activities). The number of unreported cases is considered substantial, as NTVC infections are not notifiable and physicians are mostly unaware of this pathogen. In the northern hemisphere, NTVC infections have been reported to increase due to global warming. In Eastern Europe, climatic and geological conditions favour the existence of inland water-bodies harbouring NTVC. We thus investigated the occurrence of NTVC in nine Serbian natural and artificial lakes and ponds, many of them used for fishing and bathing. With the exception of one highly saline lake, all investigated water-bodies harboured NTVC, ranging from 5.4 × 101 to 1.86 × 104 CFU and 4.5 × 102 to 5.6 × 106 genomic units per 100 ml. The maximum values observed were in the range of bathing waters in other countries, where infections have been reported. Interestingly, 7 out of 39 fully sequenced presumptive V. cholerae isolates were assigned as V. paracholerae, a recently described sister species of V. cholerae. Some clones and sublineages of both V. cholerae and V. paracholerae were shared by different environments indicating an exchange of strains over long distances. Important pathogenicity factors such as hlyA, toxR, and ompU were present in both species. Seasonal monitoring of ponds/lakes used for recreation in Serbia is thus recommended to be prepared for potential occurrence of infections promoted by climate change-induced rise in water temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rehm
- Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and MicrobiologyKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology – Water MicrobiologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
| | - Kathrin Lippert
- Institute für Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food SafetyViennaAustria
| | - Alexander Indra
- Institute für Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food SafetyViennaAustria
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- Institute for Biological Research ¨Siniša Stanković¨, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department for Hydroecology and Water ProtectionUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Margareta Kračun‐Kolarević
- Institute for Biological Research ¨Siniša Stanković¨, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department for Hydroecology and Water ProtectionUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Melanie Leopold
- Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and MicrobiologyKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
- Institute for Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Sophia Steinbacher
- Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and MicrobiologyKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
- Institute for Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Iris Schachner
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology – Water MicrobiologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
| | - Lena Campostrini
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology – Water MicrobiologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
| | - Alexandra Risslegger
- Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and MicrobiologyKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
| | - Andreas H. Farnleitner
- Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and MicrobiologyKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
- Institute for Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Claudia Kolm
- Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and MicrobiologyKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
- Institute for Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Alexander K.T. Kirschner
- Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and MicrobiologyKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology – Water MicrobiologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & HealthAustria
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6
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Zou M, Wang K, Zhao J, Lu H, Yang H, Huang M, Wang L, Wang G, Huang J, Min X. DegS protease regulates the motility, chemotaxis, and colonization of Vibrio cholerae. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1159986. [PMID: 37089576 PMCID: PMC10113495 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1159986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In bacteria, DegS protease functions as an activating factor of the σE envelope stress response system, which ultimately activates the transcription of stress response genes in the cytoplasm. On the basis of high-throughput RNA sequencing, we have previously found that degS knockout inhibits the expression of flagellum synthesis- and chemotaxis-related genes, thereby indicating that DegS may be involved in the regulation of V. cholerae motility. In this study, we examined the relationships between DegS and motility in V. cholerae. Swimming motility and chemotaxis assays revealed that degS or rpoE deletion promotes a substantial reduction in the motility and chemotaxis of V. cholerae, whereas these activities were restored in ΔdegS::degS and ΔdegSΔrseA strains, indicating that DegS is partially dependent on σE to positively regulate V. cholerae activity. Gene-act network analysis revealed that the cAMP-CRP-RpoS signaling pathway, which plays an important role in flagellar synthesis, is significantly inhibited in ΔdegS mutants, whereas in response to the overexpression of cyaA/crp and rpoS in the ΔdegS strain, the motility and chemotaxis of the ΔdegS + cyaA/crp and ΔdegS + rpoS strains were partially restored compared with the ΔdegS strain. We further demonstrated that transcription levels of the flagellar regulatory gene flhF are regulated by DegS via the cAMP-CRP-RpoS signaling pathway. Overexpression of the flhF gene in the ΔdegS strain partially restored motility and chemotaxis. In addition, suckling mouse intestinal colonization experiments indicated that the ΔdegS and ΔrpoE strains were characterized by the poor colonization of mouse intestines, whereas colonization efficacy was restored in the ΔdegSΔrseA, ΔdegS + cyaA/crp, ΔdegS + rpoS, and ΔdegS + flhF strains. Collectively, our findings indicate that DegS regulates the motility and chemotaxis of V. cholerae via the cAMP-CRP-RpoS-FlhF pathway, thereby influencing the colonization of suckling mouse intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Kaiying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Huifang Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Meirong Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Guangli Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xun Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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7
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Hoefler F, Pouget-Abadie X, Roncato-Saberan M, Lemarié R, Takoudju EM, Raffi F, Corvec S, Le Bras M, Cazanave C, Lehours P, Guimard T, Allix-Béguec C. Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics and Therapeutic Management of Patients with Vibrio Infections, Bay of Biscay, France, 2001-2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2367-2373. [PMID: 36418019 PMCID: PMC9707594 DOI: 10.3201/eid2812.220748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncholera vibriosis is a rare, opportunistic bacterial infection caused by Vibrio spp. other than V. cholerae O1/O139 and diagnosed mainly during the hot summer months in patients after seaside activities. Detailed knowledge of circulating pathogenic strains and heterogeneities in infection outcomes and disease dynamics may help in patient management. We conducted a multicenter case-series study documenting Vibrio infections in 67 patients from 8 hospitals in the Bay of Biscay, France, over a 19-year period. Infections were mainly caused by V. alginolyticus (34%), V. parahaemolyticus (30%), non-O1/O139 V. cholerae (15%), and V. vulnificus (10%). Drug-susceptibility testing revealed intermediate and resistant strains to penicillins and first-generation cephalosporins. The acute infections (e.g., those involving digestive disorder, cellulitis, osteitis, pneumonia, and endocarditis) led to a life-threatening event (septic shock), amputation, or death in 36% of patients. Physicians may need to add vibriosis to their list of infections to assess in patients with associated risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier Pouget-Abadie
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Mariam Roncato-Saberan
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Romain Lemarié
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Eve-Marie Takoudju
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - François Raffi
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Stéphane Corvec
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | | | - Charles Cazanave
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Philippe Lehours
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Thomas Guimard
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Caroline Allix-Béguec
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
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8
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Al-Farsi F, Al-Siyabi T, Al-Adawi B, Al-Tai A. Favourable outcomes of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteraemia in vulnerable populations: a case series. IJID REGIONS 2022; 3:76-78. [PMID: 35755472 PMCID: PMC9216316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Definitive management guidelines are lacking for non-O1 Vibrio cholerae. Predisposing factors include diabetes mellitus, chronic liver disease and malignancies. Asymptomatic human carriage may act as a source of infection. Prompt appropriate antimicrobial therapy can improve patient outcomes.
Background Aim Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Al-Farsi
- Medical Microbiology Residency Programme, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat, Oman
- Corresponding author: Medical Microbiology Residency Programme, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Al Azaiba, 130 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Turkiya Al-Siyabi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Badriya Al-Adawi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Amal Al-Tai
- Department of Microbiology, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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9
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Igere BE, Okoh AI, Nwodo UU. Non-serogroup O1/O139 agglutinable Vibrio cholerae: a phylogenetically and genealogically neglected yet emerging potential pathogen of clinical relevance. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:323. [PMID: 35567650 PMCID: PMC9107296 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Somatic antigen agglutinable type-1/139 Vibrio cholerae (SAAT-1/139-Vc) members or O1/O139 V. cholerae have been described by various investigators as pathogenic due to their increasing virulence potential and production of choleragen. Reported cholera outbreak cases around the world have been associated with these choleragenic V. cholerae with high case fatality affecting various human and animals. These virulent Vibrio members have shown genealogical and phylogenetic relationship with the avirulent somatic antigen non-agglutinable strains of 1/139 V. cholerae (SANAS-1/139- Vc) or O1/O139 non-agglutinating V. cholerae (O1/O139-NAG-Vc). Reports on implication of O1/O139-NAGVc members in most sporadic cholera/cholera-like cases of diarrhea, production of cholera toxin and transmission via consumption and/or contact with contaminated water/seafood are currently on the rise. Some reported sporadic cases of cholera outbreaks and observed change in nature has also been tracable to these non-agglutinable Vibrio members (O1/O139-NAGVc) yet there is a sustained paucity of research interest on the non-agglutinable V. cholerae members. The emergence of fulminating extraintestinal and systemic vibriosis is another aspect of SANAS-1/139- Vc implication which has received low attention in terms of research driven interest. This review addresses the need to appraise and continually expand research based studies on the somatic antigen non-serogroup agglutinable type-1/139 V.cholerae members which are currently prevalent in studies of water bodies, fruits/vegetables, foods and terrestrial environment. Our opinion is amassed from interest in integrated surveillance studies, management/control of cholera outbreaks as well as diarrhea and other disease-related cases both in the rural, suburban and urban metropolis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bright E Igere
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Western Delta University, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria. .,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa. .,SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
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10
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Ahmed AO, Ali GA, Hassen SS, Goravey W. Vibrio albensis bacteremia: A case report and systematic review. IDCases 2022; 29:e01551. [PMID: 35845827 PMCID: PMC9283503 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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11
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Lam BQ, Srivastava R, Morvant J, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. Association of Diabetes Mellitus and Alcohol Abuse with Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Significance. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113077. [PMID: 34831299 PMCID: PMC8620339 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the metabolic diseases which is characterized by sustained hyperglycemia, is a life-threatening disease. The global prevalence of DM is on the rise, mainly in low- and middle-income countries. Diabetes is a major cause of blindness, heart attacks, kidney failure, stroke, and lower limb amputation. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a form of diabetes that is characterized by high blood sugar and insulin resistance. T2DM can be prevented or delayed by a healthy diet, regular physical activity, maintaining normal body weight, and avoiding alcohol and tobacco use. Ethanol and its metabolites can cause differentiation defects in stem cells and promote inflammatory injury and carcinogenesis in several tissues. Recent studies have suggested that diabetes can be treated, and its consequences can be avoided or delayed with proper management. DM has a greater risk for several cancers, such as breast, colorectal, endometrial, pancreatic, gallbladder, renal, and liver cancer. The incidence of cancer is significantly higher in patients with DM than in those without DM. In addition to DM, alcohol abuse is also a risk factor for many cancers. We present a review of the recent studies investigating the association of both DM and alcohol abuse with cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Q. Lam
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (B.Q.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Rashmi Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Jason Morvant
- Department of Surgery, Ochsner Health System, 120 Ochsner Boulevard, Gretna, LA 70056, USA;
- A.B. Freeman School of Business, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Sharmila Shankar
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (B.Q.L.); (S.S.)
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Rakesh K. Srivastava
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (B.Q.L.); (S.S.)
- A.B. Freeman School of Business, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Brehm TT, Berneking L, Sena Martins M, Dupke S, Jacob D, Drechsel O, Bohnert J, Becker K, Kramer A, Christner M, Aepfelbacher M, Schmiedel S, Rohde H. Heatwave-associated Vibrio infections in Germany, 2018 and 2019. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26. [PMID: 34651572 PMCID: PMC8518310 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.41.2002041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Vibrio spp. are aquatic bacteria that prefer warm seawater with moderate salinity. In humans, they can cause gastroenteritis, wound infections, and ear infections. During the summers of 2018 and 2019, unprecedented high sea surface temperatures were recorded in the German Baltic Sea. Aim We aimed to describe the clinical course and microbiological characteristics of Vibrio infections in Germany in 2018 and 2019. Methods We performed an observational retrospective multi-centre cohort study of patients diagnosed with domestically-acquired Vibrio infections in Germany in 2018 and 2019. Demographic, clinical, and microbiological data were assessed, and isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results Of the 63 patients with Vibrio infections, most contracted the virus between June and September, primarily in the Baltic Sea: 44 (70%) were male and the median age was 65 years (range: 2–93 years). Thirty-eight patients presented with wound infections, 16 with ear infections, six with gastroenteritis, two with pneumonia (after seawater aspiration) and one with primary septicaemia. The majority of infections were attributed to V. cholerae (non–O1/non-O139) (n = 30; 48%) or V. vulnificus (n = 22; 38%). Phylogenetic analyses of 12 available isolates showed clusters of three identical strains of V. vulnificus, which caused wound infections, suggesting that some clonal lines can spread across the Baltic Sea. Conclusions During the summers of 2018 and 2019, severe heatwaves facilitated increased numbers of Vibrio infections in Germany. Since climate change is likely to favour the proliferation of these bacteria, a further increase in Vibrio-associated diseases is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theo Brehm
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.,These authors contributed equally to this article and share first authorship
| | - Laura Berneking
- These authors contributed equally to this article and share first authorship.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Meike Sena Martins
- Institut für Meereskunde, Centrum für Erdsystemwissenschaften und Nachhaltigkeit, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susann Dupke
- Robert Koch Institute, ZBS 2: Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Jacob
- Robert Koch Institute, ZBS 2: Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Bohnert
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karsten Becker
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Kramer
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Christner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Aepfelbacher
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmiedel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Rohde
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | -
- The members of the Study Group are listed at the end of the article
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13
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Dowling WB, Van der Westhuyzen M, Haumann M, Reddy K. Non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 pseudo-bacteraemia in a neonate: A case report. S Afr J Infect Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.4102/sajid.v36i1.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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14
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Xie H, Wu Y, Liu C, Guo J, Ma J, Li X, Sun X. <p>Oral Infection Caused by Non-O1/Non-O139 <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> in a Patient with Esophageal Cancer Undergoing Esophagectomy and Chemoradiotherapy: A Case Report</p>. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:3923-3927. [PMID: 33173317 PMCID: PMC7648562 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s274077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Shungen Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Jinan Stomatology Hospital, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Liu
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhuang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaojun Sun Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong250014, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-571-87666666Fax +86-571-85335800 Email
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15
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Vezzulli L, Baker-Austin C, Kirschner A, Pruzzo C, Martinez-Urtaza J. Global emergence of environmental non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae infections linked with climate change: a neglected research field? Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:4342-4355. [PMID: 32337781 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The bacterium Vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of aquatic ecosystems across the planet. V. cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 are responsible for cholera outbreaks in developing countries accounting for 3-5 million infections worldwide and 28.800-130.000 deaths per year according to the World Health Organization. In contrast, V. cholerae serogroups other than O1 and O139, also designated as V. cholerae non-O1/O139 (NOVC), are not associated with epidemic cholera but can cause other illnesses that may range in severity from mild (e.g. gastroenteritis, otitis, etc.) to life-threatening (e.g. necrotizing fasciitis). Although generally neglected, NOVC-related infections are on the rise and represent one of the most striking examples of emerging human diseases linked to climate change. NOVC strains are also believed to potentially contribute to the emergence of new pathogenic strains including strains with epidemic potential as a direct consequence of genetic exchange mechanisms such as horizontal gene transfer and genetic recombination. Besides general features concerning the biology and ecology of NOVC strains and their associated diseases, this review aims to highlight the most relevant aspects related to the emergence and potential threat posed by NOVC strains under a rapidly changing environmental and climatic scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Vezzulli
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Craig Baker-Austin
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, CEFAS, Weymouth, UK
| | - Alexander Kirschner
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology - Water Microbiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division Water Quality and Health, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Carla Pruzzo
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jaime Martinez-Urtaza
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, CEFAS, Weymouth, UK.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultat de Biociéncies, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Zhang X, Lu Y, Qian H, Liu G, Mei Y, Jin F, Xia W, Ni F. Non-O1, Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) Bacteremia: Case Report and Literature Review, 2015-2019. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:1009-1016. [PMID: 32308442 PMCID: PMC7156264 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s245806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) does not agglutinate with O1 and O139 antisera and can cause intestinal and extraintestinal infections in immunocompromised individuals. NOVC bacteremia has the highest mortality among NOVC infections, and the number of reports has increased in recent years. Nevertheless, some clinicians are poorly informed about this disease. Herein, we describe a documented case of NOVC bacteremia in a male patient with impaired liver function. Blood cultures revealed the presence of V. cholerae, but this strain showed self-coagulation on the serum agglutination test. To our knowledge, this phenomenon is unreported among cases of NOVC infections. This pathogen was finally confirmed as NOVC via PCR. Because the patient worked as a garbage transporter, he was likely infected after contact with contaminated water through a foot wound. The patient developed septic shock shortly after admission and ultimately died from the illness. This paper reviews 23 cases of NOVC bacteremia from 2015 to 2019. To improve the accuracy of identifying NOVC and analyze its virulence factors, relevant detection methods were reviewed and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology of Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Genyan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaning Mei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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17
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Schwartz K, Hammerl JA, Göllner C, Strauch E. Environmental and Clinical Strains of Vibrio cholerae Non-O1, Non-O139 From Germany Possess Similar Virulence Gene Profiles. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:733. [PMID: 31031724 PMCID: PMC6474259 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of aquatic ecosystems globally. Strains of the serogroups O1 and O139 cause the epidemic diarrheal disease cholera. In Northern European waters, V. cholerae bacteria belonging to other serogroups (designated non-O1, non-O139) are present, of which some strains have been associated with gastrointestinal infections or extraintestinal infections, like wound infections or otitis. For this study, environmental strains from the German coastal waters of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea were selected (100 strains) and compared to clinical strains (10 isolates) that were from patients who contracted the infections in the same geographical region. The strains were characterized by MLST and examined by PCR for the presence of virulence genes encoding the cholera toxin, the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP), and other virulence-associated accessory factors. The latter group comprised hemolysins, RTX toxins, cholix toxin, pandemic islands, and type III secretion system (TTSS). Phenotypic assays for hemolytic activity against human and sheep erythrocytes were also performed. The results of the MLST analysis revealed a considerable heterogeneity of sequence types (in total 74 STs). The presence of virulence genes was also variable and 30 profiles were obtained by PCR. One profile was found in 38 environmental strains and six clinical strains. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 15 environmental and 7 clinical strains that were ST locus variants in one, two, or three alleles. Comparison of WGS results revealed that a set of virulence genes found in some clinical strains is also present in most environmental strains irrespective of the ST. In few strains, more virulence factors are acquired through horizontal gene transfer (i.e., TTSS, genomic islands). A distinction between clinical and environmental strains based on virulence gene profiles is not possible for our strains. Probably, many virulence traits of V. cholerae evolved in response to biotic and abiotic pressure and serve adaptation purposes in the natural aquatic environment, but provide a prerequisite for infection of susceptible human hosts. These findings indicate the need for surveillance of Vibrio spp. in Germany, as due to global warming abundance of Vibrio will rise and infections are predicted to increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keike Schwartz
- Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Andre Hammerl
- Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Göllner
- Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckhard Strauch
- Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Araj GF, Taleb R, El Beayni NK, Goksu E. Vibrio albensis: An unusual urinary tract infection in a healthy male. J Infect Public Health 2019; 12:712-713. [PMID: 30981654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with non-O1 non-O139 Vibro cholerae strains have been reported to affect different extra intestinal sites including the urinary tract infection. We report the first case of UTI due to Vibrio albensis in an immunocompetent patient from Lebanon, where the organism was also recovered from water at his home.
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Affiliation(s)
- George F Araj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Rim Taleb
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nancy K El Beayni
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Erkan Goksu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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19
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Kirschner AKT, Pleininger S, Jakwerth S, Rehak S, Farnleitner AH, Huhulescu S, Indra A. Application of three different methods to determine the prevalence, the abundance and the environmental drivers of culturable Vibrio cholerae in fresh and brackish bathing waters. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1186-1198. [PMID: 29856502 PMCID: PMC6175421 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aims Three cultivation methods were used to study the prevalence and abundance of Vibrio cholerae in Eastern Austrian bathing waters and to elucidate the main factors controlling their distribution. Methods and Results Vibrio cholerae abundance was monitored at 36 inland bathing sites with membrane filtration (MF), a standard most probable number (MPN) approach and direct plating (DP). Membrane filtration yielded the most reliable and sensitive results and allowed V. cholerae detection at 22 sites with concentrations up to 39 000 CFU per 100 ml, all belonging to serogroups other than O1 and O139 and not coding for cholera toxin and toxin coregulated pilus. Direct plating turned out as an easy method for environments with high V. cholerae abundances, conductivity was the only significant predictor of V. cholerae abundance in the bathing waters at warm water temperatures. Conclusions Vibrio cholerae nonO1/nonO139 are widely prevalent in Eastern Austrian bathing waters. Instead of the standard MPN approach, MF and DP are recommended for V. cholerae monitoring. Conductivity can be used as a first easy‐to‐measure parameter to identify potential bathing waters at risk. Significance and Impact of the Study Vibrio cholerae nonO1/nonO139 infections associated with bathing activities are an increasing public health issue in many countries of the northern hemisphere. However, there are only limited data available on the prevalence and abundance of V. cholerae in coastal and inland bathing waters. For monitoring V. cholerae prevalence and abundance, reliable and simple quantification methods are needed. Moreover, prediction of V. cholerae abundance from environmental parameters would be a helpful tool for risk assessment. This study identified the best culture‐based quantification methods and a first quick surrogate parameter to attain these aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K T Kirschner
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Water Hygiene, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water & Health, Vienna, Austria.,Research Department Water Quality and Health, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - S Pleininger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Jakwerth
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Water Hygiene, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water & Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Rehak
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria
| | - A H Farnleitner
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water & Health, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria.,Research Department Water Quality and Health, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - S Huhulescu
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Indra
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria
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Bliem R, Reischer G, Linke R, Farnleitner A, Kirschner A. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Vibrio cholerae in Turbid Alkaline Lakes as Determined by Quantitative PCR. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:e00317-18. [PMID: 29625977 PMCID: PMC5960970 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00317-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, global warming has led to a growing number of Vibrio cholerae infections in bathing water users in regions formerly unaffected by this pathogen. It is therefore of high importance to monitor V. cholerae in aquatic environments and to elucidate the main factors governing its prevalence and abundance. For this purpose, rapid and standardizable methods that can be performed by routine water laboratories are prerequisite. In this study, we applied a recently developed multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) strategy (i) to monitor the spatiotemporal variability of V. cholerae abundance in two small soda pools and a large lake that is intensively used for recreation and (ii) to elucidate the main factors driving V. cholerae dynamics in these environments. V. cholerae was detected with qPCR at high concentrations of up to 970,000 genomic units 100 ml-1 during the warm season, up to 2 orders of magnitude higher than values obtained by cultivation. An independent cytometric approach led to results comparable to qPCR data but with significantly more positive samples due to problems with DNA recovery for qPCR. Not a single sample was positive for toxigenic V. cholerae, indicating that only nontoxigenic V. cholerae (NTVC) was present. Temperature was the main predictor of NTVC abundance, but the quality and quantity of dissolved organic matter were also important environmental correlates. Based on this study, we recommend using the developed qPCR strategy for quantification of toxigenic and nontoxigenic V. cholerae in bathing waters with the need for improvements in DNA recovery.IMPORTANCE There is a definitive need for rapid and standardizable methods to quantify waterborne bacterial pathogens. Such methods have to be thoroughly tested for their applicability to environmental samples. In this study, we critically tested a recently developed multiplex qPCR strategy for its applicability to determine the spatiotemporal variability of V. cholerae abundance in lakes with a challenging water matrix. Several qPCR protocols for V. cholerae detection have been developed in the laboratory, but comprehensive studies on the application to environmental samples are extremely scarce. In our study, we demonstrate that our developed qPCR approach is a valuable tool but that there is a need for improvement in DNA recovery for complex water matrices. Furthermore, we found that nontoxigenic V. cholerae is present in very high numbers in the investigated ecosystems, while toxigenic V. cholerae is apparently absent. Such information is of importance for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupert Bliem
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Vienna, Austria
- Armament and Defence Technology Agency, NBC & Environmental Protection Technology Division, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Reischer
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health‡
| | - Rita Linke
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health‡
| | - Andreas Farnleitner
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health‡
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Alexander Kirschner
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Vienna, Austria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health‡
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21
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Hammerl JA, Jäckel C, Bortolaia V, Schwartz K, Bier N, Hendriksen RS, Guerra B, Strauch E. Carbapenemase VCC-1-Producing Vibrio cholerae in Coastal Waters of Germany. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 23:1735-1737. [PMID: 28930017 PMCID: PMC5621562 DOI: 10.3201/eid2310.161625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
During antimicrobial drug resistance testing for Vibrio spp. from coastal waters of Germany, we identified 4 nontoxigenic, carbapenem-resistant V. cholerae isolates. We used whole-genome sequencing to identify the carbapenemase gene blaVCC-1. In addition, a molecular survey showed that more blaVCC-1–harboring isolates are present in coastal waters of Germany.
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22
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Ottaviani D, Medici L, Talevi G, Napoleoni M, Serratore P, Zavatta E, Bignami G, Masini L, Chierichetti S, Fisichella S, Leoni F. Molecular characterization and drug susceptibility of non-O1/O139 V. cholerae strains of seafood, environmental and clinical origin, Italy. Food Microbiol 2017; 72:82-88. [PMID: 29407408 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Toxigenic and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and genetic relatedness of 42 non-O1/O139 V. cholerae strains, the majority of them isolated from seafood and marine water of the Adriatic sea, Italy, and 9 clinical strains, two of which with seawater of the Adriatic as the source of infection, were studied. All strains had hlyA El Tor gene but lacked ctxA gene. Four and two isolates, respectively, also had stn/sto and tcpA Class genes. More than 90% of strains showed susceptibility to cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, cloramphenicol, tetracycline, trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole and intermediate or full resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin. Six strains of seafood and clinical source were multi-drug resistant. PFGE analysis allowed to type all the strains with 50 banding patterns. Twenty-one strains, 11 and 8 from seafood and seawater, respectively, and 2 of clinical origin, were grouped into 9 different clusters. We report the presence of toxigenic and multidrug resistant non-O1/O139 V. cholerae strains in Adriatic, some of which genetically related, and support that they represent a potential reservoir of toxin and antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Laura Medici
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Talevi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maira Napoleoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Serratore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Unità Operativa Speciale Cesenatico, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale A.Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesentatico, FC, Italy
| | - Emanuele Zavatta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Unità Operativa Speciale Cesenatico, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale A.Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesentatico, FC, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bignami
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Unità Operativa Speciale Cesenatico, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale A.Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesentatico, FC, Italy
| | - Laura Masini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Chierichetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Fisichella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Leoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Vibrio Pathogens: A Public Health Concern in Rural Water Resources in Sub-Saharan Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101188. [PMID: 28991153 PMCID: PMC5664689 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Members of the Vibrio genus are autochthonous inhabitants of aquatic environments and play vital roles in sustaining the aquatic milieu. The genus comprises about 100 species, which are mostly of marine or freshwater origin, and their classification is frequently updated due to the continuous discovery of novel species. The main route of transmission of Vibrio pathogens to man is through drinking of contaminated water and consumption inadequately cooked aquatic food products. In sub-Saharan Africa and much of the developing world, some rural dwellers use freshwater resources such as rivers for domestic activities, bathing, and cultural and religious purposes. This review describes the impact of inadequately treated sewage effluents on the receiving freshwater resources and the associated risk to the rural dwellers that depends on the water. Vibrio infections remain a threat to public health. In the last decade, Vibrio disease outbreaks have created alertness on the personal, economic, and public health uncertainties associated with the impact of contaminated water in the aquatic environment of sub-Saharan Africa. In this review, we carried out an overview of Vibrio pathogens in rural water resources in Sub-Saharan Africa and the implication of Vibrio pathogens on public health. Continuous monitoring of Vibrio pathogens among environmental freshwater and treated effluents is expected to help reduce the risk associated with the early detection of sources of infection, and also aid our understanding of the natural ecology and evolution of Vibrio pathogens.
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Kaboré S, Cecchi P, Mosser T, Toubiana M, Traoré O, Ouattara AS, Traoré AS, Barro N, Colwell RR, Monfort P. Occurrence of Vibrio cholerae in water reservoirs of Burkina Faso. Res Microbiol 2017; 169:1-10. [PMID: 28888938 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Africa is currently an important region in which cholera epidemics occur. Little is known about the presence of Vibrio cholerae in freshwater bodies in Africa. There are ca. 1700 lakes and reservoirs in Burkina Faso, most of which have been built within recent decades to secure water resources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of V. cholerae in the water of reservoirs, using the most-probable-number polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that V. cholerae could be detected in water samples collected from 14 of 39 sampled reservoirs. The concentrations varied from 0 MPN/l to more than 1100 MPN/l. Fifty strains of V. cholerae isolated on CHROMagar™ vibrio were identified as V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, none of which carried the ctxA gene. A significant positive correlation was found between the presence of V. cholerae in the reservoirs and both alkaline pH and phytoplankton biomass. V. cholerae was present in significantly higher numbers in reservoirs of urban areas than in rural areas. Since V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 has been shown to be a causative agent of endemic diarrheal outbreaks, their presence in Burkina Faso reservoirs suggests they may play a role in gastroenteritis in that country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidou Kaboré
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles Par Les Aliments (LaBESTA), Centre de Recherches en Sciences Biologiques, Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Philippe Cecchi
- MARBEC UMR 248 IRD, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Montpellier, Centre de Recherches Océanologiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Thomas Mosser
- HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569 CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Mylène Toubiana
- HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569 CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
| | - Oumar Traoré
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles Par Les Aliments (LaBESTA), Centre de Recherches en Sciences Biologiques, Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, 09 BP 24 Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso.
| | - Aboubakar S Ouattara
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles Par Les Aliments (LaBESTA), Centre de Recherches en Sciences Biologiques, Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Alfred S Traoré
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles Par Les Aliments (LaBESTA), Centre de Recherches en Sciences Biologiques, Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Nicolas Barro
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles Par Les Aliments (LaBESTA), Centre de Recherches en Sciences Biologiques, Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Rita R Colwell
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, 3103 Biomolecular Sciences Building, 8314 Paint Branch Drive, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Patrick Monfort
- HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569 CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
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Ran BC, Liu JB, Hu RJ, Hu XC. Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae septicemia in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:420-425. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i5.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To conduct laboratory identification and drug sensitivity testing of suspected Vibrio cholerae isolated from a patient with liver cirrhosis and ascites.
METHODS By reviewing the patient's clinical symptoms, primary disease, laboratory results, treatment, and prognosis, the bacteria were identified using the Vitek 2 Compact automatic microbial analysis system, manual micro-tube biochemical reaction, and polymerase chain reaction. Drug susceptibility was determined by the K-B paper method, and serum virulence was determined by the slide agglutination method.
RESULTS After a series of tests, the bacteria were identified as Vibrio cholerae non-O1 non-O139. Drug sensitivity testing showed that the bacteria were sensitive to many antibiotics such as ampicillin, piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, shubatan, ceftriaxone, cefepime, imipenem, amikacin, aztreonam,levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and compound sulfamethoxazole.
CONCLUSION The bacteria isolated from the patient with liver cirrhosis and ascites were identified as non-O1 non-O139 Vibrio cholerae, which does not produce cholera toxin and is sensitive to common antibiotics.
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Marinello S, Marini G, Parisi G, Gottardello L, Rossi L, Besutti V, Cattelan AM. Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 bacteraemia associated with pneumonia, Italy 2016. Infection 2016; 45:237-240. [PMID: 27837335 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-016-0961-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes an elderly male patient, living in the Veneto Region, Italy, who developed Vibrio cholerae bacteraemia and pneumonia. Some days previously, while on holiday in the Lagoon of Venice, he had been collecting clams in seawater, during which he suffered small abrasions of the skin. On admission to hospital, he was confused, had fever and a cough, but neither diarrhoea nor signs of gastroenteritis were found. Both blood and stool cultures grew V. cholerae of non-O1 non-O-139 type, and the patient recovered after prompt administration of intravenous ceftriaxone for 2 weeks. This clinical case emphasises the role of global warming and climate changes in causing increasing numbers of water-borne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Marinello
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
| | - Giulia Marini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Parisi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Piove di Sacco, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorena Gottardello
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Lucia Rossi
- Department of Microbiology, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Valeria Besutti
- Department of Microbiology, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cattelan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Ceccarelli D, Alam M, Huq A, Colwell RR. Reduced Susceptibility to Extended-Spectrum β-Lactams in Vibrio cholerae Isolated in Bangladesh. Front Public Health 2016; 4:231. [PMID: 27803895 PMCID: PMC5067765 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
β-lactams are antibiotic molecules able to inhibit cell wall biosynthesis. Among other mechanisms, resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is mostly associated with production of β-lactamase enzymes able to bind and hydrolyze the β-lactam ring. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases extend this ability also to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, as well as to carbapenems and monobactams. Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of epidemic cholera and a public health burden for developing countries like Bangladesh. Although appropriate oral or intravenous rehydration is the therapy of choice for cholera, severe infections and V. cholerae-associated septicemia are treated with antimicrobial drugs, including doxycycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and/or third-generation cephalosporins. In the years after the introduction of antibiotics in clinical practice, V. cholerae developed resistance to commonly used drugs worldwide mostly through gene acquisition via horizontal gene transfer. Reduced susceptibility of V. cholerae to third-generation cephalosporins has been occasionally documented. However, carbapenemase-producing V. cholerae has been reported at higher rates than resistance to extended-spectrum β-lactams, mainly associated with blaNDM-1 emergence and successful plasmid dissemination. Recent findings suggest limited β-lactam resistance is present in V. cholerae O1 isolates collected during ecological and epidemiological surveillance in Bangladesh. However, a trend to intermediate-susceptibility insurgence was observed. Horizontal gene transfer of β-lactam resistance from enteric pathogens to environmental microorganisms should not be underrated, given the ability of V. cholerae to acquire new genetic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ceccarelli
- Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland , College Park, MD , USA
| | - Munirul Alam
- International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) , Dhaka , Bangladesh
| | - Anwar Huq
- Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Rita R Colwell
- Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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28
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A note from the editors: impact of anthropogenic changes to water on human pathogens. Euro Surveill 2016; 21:30200. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.15.30200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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