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Martínez-Riveros H, Alarcón Gutiérrez M, Aceiton Cardona J, Montoro-Fernández M, Díaz Y, Alonso L, Rius Gibert C, Casabona J, Fernàndez-López L, Agustí C. Determinants of Repeating an HIV Test Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who have Sex with Men, and Transgender People Who Use an Online-Requested Self-Sampling Program and Attending Community-Based Testing Venues in Spain (2018-2021). AIDS Behav 2024:10.1007/s10461-024-04399-8. [PMID: 38896337 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Our aims were: (1) to characterize gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and transgender (TG) populations using internet-based self-sampling services in the TESTATE project or attending community-based STI/HIV voluntary counselling and testing (CBVCT) services as alternative strategies to formal HIV testing within the Spanish national health system, and (2) to identify factors associated with repeat use of the same screening strategy from November 2018 to December 2021. Demographic, health, and behavioral characteristics of users using complementary strategies were analyzed. We developed a cross-sectional study, with descriptive analysis, HIV cascade, and a multivariate logistic model to identify factors associated with participants' repeated use of the same screening strategy. We included 9939 users, of whom 94.1% were GBMSM (n = 9348) and 5.9% TG (n = 580), with a high representation of migrants. Reactive results were 3.4% (n = 340), with 3.0% in GBMSM (n = 277/9348) and 10.7% in TG (n = 63/591). 73.8% (n = 251) were confirmed HIV positive and 76.7% (n = 194) were linked to health services. Users repeated the online screening strategy more than CBVCT (44.3% vs. 31.8%), but TG population used face-to-face community services more (8.4% vs. 0.6%). Factors influencing the repetition of the online self-sampling strategy included older age, non-migrant status, and recent HIV testing. In the CBVCT strategy, factors included older age, TG identity, non-migrant status, condom use during the last sexual encounter, and recent HIV testing. In conclusion, both CBVCT and online-requested self-sampling at home are important alternatives to the health system for the provision of HIV testing to GBMSM and TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Martínez-Riveros
- Doctorate Programme in Methodology of Biomedical Research and Public Health, Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain.
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain.
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Edifici Muntanya, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain.
| | - Miguel Alarcón Gutiérrez
- Doctorate Programme in Methodology of Biomedical Research and Public Health, Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jordi Aceiton Cardona
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Marcos Montoro-Fernández
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
| | - Yesika Díaz
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Alonso
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rius Gibert
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology service, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Laura Fernàndez-López
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Agustí
- Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Martínez-Riveros H, Díaz Y, Montoro-Fernandez M, Moreno-Fornés S, González V, Muntada E, Romano-deGea P, Muñoz R, Hoyos J, Casabona J, Agustí C. An Online HIV Self-Sampling Strategy for Gay, Bisexual and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men and Trans Women in Spain. J Community Health 2024; 49:535-548. [PMID: 38141149 PMCID: PMC10981614 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of an online self-sampling pilot intervention for HIV testing addressed to gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and trans women (TW) users of dating apps in Spain. The website https://www.testate.org/ was designed to offer self-sampling kits for HIV testing and online consultation of the results. It was advertised on gay dating apps. Participants requested the delivery of a saliva self-sampling kit by mail and a postage-paid envelope to send the sample to the reference laboratory. An anonymous acceptability survey was conducted. The cascade of care was estimated. From November 2018 to December 2021, 4623 individual users ordered self-sampling kits, 3097 returned an oral fluid sample to the reference laboratory (67.5% return rate). 87 reactive results were detected. 76 were confirmed to be HIV-positive, we estimated an HIV prevalence of 2.45% (95% CI 1.9-3.0%). 100% of those referred to specialized care are in treatment. 45.8% of participants took more than one test. 23 incident cases were detected among repeat testers, of which 20 were confirmed. The estimated incidence was 1.00 confirmed case per 100 individual-years of follow-up. 98.01% of participants would recommend it to a friend. The most identified advantages were convenience and privacy. We demonstrated that the online offer of oral self-sampling kits for HIV detection and reporting results online among GBMSM and TW users of dating apps is feasible. The intervention counted with a high acceptability and high efficacy (in terms of reactivity, confirmation and linkage to care rates).
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Martínez-Riveros
- Doctorate Program in Methodology of Biomedical Research and Public Health, Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain.
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain.
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Edifici Muntanya, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain.
| | - Yesika Díaz
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Montoro-Fernandez
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
| | - Sergio Moreno-Fornés
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria González
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Service, Clinical Laboratory Metropolitana Nord, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteve Muntada
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
| | - Pol Romano-deGea
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
| | - Rafael Muñoz
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Early Detection of Cancer Research Group, EPIBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cristina Agustí
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Ministry of Health of the Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Hermans LE, Centner CM, Morel CM, Mbamalu O, Bonaconsa C, Ferreyra C, Lindahl O, Mendelson M. Point-of-care diagnostics for infection and antimicrobial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: A narrative review. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 142:106907. [PMID: 38141961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries are severely impacted by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Due to gaps in access to diagnostics in SSA, the true extent of AMR remains unknown. This diagnostic gap affects patient management and leads to significant antimicrobial overuse. This review explores how point-of-care (POC) testing for pathogen identification and AMR may be used to close the diagnostic gap in SSA countries. METHODS A narrative review exploring current clinical practice and novel developments in the field of POC testing for infectious diseases and AMR. RESULTS POC assays for identification of various pathogens have been successfully rolled out in SSA countries. While implementation studies have mostly highlighted impressive test performance of POC assays, there is limited data on the impact of implementation on clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness. We did not encounter local studies of host-directed POC assays relevant to AMR. Novel POC assays using real-time polymerase chain reaction, isothermal amplification, microfluidics, and other technologies are in various stages of development. CONCLUSIONS Available literature shows that POC testing for AMR applications is implementable in SSA and holds the potential to reduce the diagnostic gap. Implementation will require effective regulatory pathways, incorporation of POC testing in clinical and laboratory guidelines, and adequate value capture in existing health financing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Etienne Hermans
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Chad M Centner
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chantal M Morel
- Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany; University of Bern, KPM Center for Public Management, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oluchi Mbamalu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Candice Bonaconsa
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cecilia Ferreyra
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olof Lindahl
- Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marc Mendelson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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Mesías-Gazmuri J, Folch C, Ferrer L, Reyes-Urueña J, Egea-Cortés L, Morales A, Villegas L, Casabona J. Syndemic Conditions and Their Association with HIV/STI Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Transgender Women and Cisgender Men Sex Workers in Catalonia: The SexCohort Project. Int J Behav Med 2023; 30:824-835. [PMID: 36333554 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgender women and cisgender men sex workers are vulnerable to HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This study aimed to explore in depth the prevalence of syndemic conditions and their association with the sexual risk behaviors for HIV/STI acquisition in cis men and trans women sex workers in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). METHOD We conducted a study between 2014 and 2018 to determine whether syndemic conditions (frequent alcohol consumption and polydrug use (> 2) during sex with clients; experience of violence; and lack of healthcare access) are associated with HIV/STI sexual risk behaviors. A "syndemic index" was calculated based on the cumulative number of syndemic conditions (0 to 4). RESULTS In the last year (2018), 78.8% of cisgender men and 68.1% of transgender women reported at least one syndemic condition. The most prevalent syndemic factor in both cisgender men and transgender women was violence (38.8% and 43.6% respectively). In multivariable analysis, an association was found between condomless anal sex and violence (aOR = 1.81), and frequent alcohol consumption and violence with reporting > 10 clients/week (aOR = 2.73 and 1.88, respectively). The higher the number of syndemic factors, the greater probability of having > 10 clients/week and reporting condomless anal sex with clients. CONCLUSION Psychosocial conditions have a syndemic effect on risky sexual behaviors highlighting the need for a more holistic approach to HIV/STI prevention targeting these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Mesías-Gazmuri
- Centre Estudis Epidemiològics Sobre Les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual I Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias I Pujol, Carretera de Can Ruti, Edifici MuntanyaCamí de Les Escoles S/N, 08916, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain
- Doctorat Metodologia de La Recerca Biomèdica I Salut Publica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cinta Folch
- Centre Estudis Epidemiològics Sobre Les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual I Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias I Pujol, Carretera de Can Ruti, Edifici MuntanyaCamí de Les Escoles S/N, 08916, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Laia Ferrer
- Centre Estudis Epidemiològics Sobre Les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual I Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juliana Reyes-Urueña
- Centre Estudis Epidemiològics Sobre Les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual I Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias I Pujol, Carretera de Can Ruti, Edifici MuntanyaCamí de Les Escoles S/N, 08916, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Egea-Cortés
- Centre Estudis Epidemiològics Sobre Les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual I Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias I Pujol, Carretera de Can Ruti, Edifici MuntanyaCamí de Les Escoles S/N, 08916, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | | | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre Estudis Epidemiològics Sobre Les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual I Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias I Pujol, Carretera de Can Ruti, Edifici MuntanyaCamí de Les Escoles S/N, 08916, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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Agustí C, Martínez-Riveros H, Hernández-Rodríguez À, Casañ C, Díaz Y, Alonso L, Martró E, Muñoz-Basagoiti J, Gallemí M, Folch C, Sönmez I, Adell H, Villar M, París de León A, Martinez-Puchol S, Pelegrin AC, Perez-Zsolt D, Raïch-Regué D, Mora R, Villegas L, Clotet B, Izquierdo-Useros N, Cardona PJ, Casabona J. Self-sampling monkeypox virus testing in high-risk populations, asymptomatic or with unrecognized Mpox, in Spain. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5998. [PMID: 37783731 PMCID: PMC10545734 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40490-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak was of global concern and has mainly affected gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). Here we assess prevalence of MPXV in high-risk populations of GBMSM, trans women (TW) and non-binary people without symptoms or with unrecognized monkeypox (Mpox) symptoms, using a self-sampling strategy. Anal and pharyngeal swabs are tested by MPXV real-time PCR and positive samples are tested for cytopathic effect (CPE) in cell culture. 113 individuals participated in the study, 89 (78.76%) were cis men, 17 (15.04%) were TW. The median age was 35.0 years (IQR: 30.0-43.0), 96 (85.02%) individuals were gay or bisexual and 72 (63.72%) were migrants. Seven participants were MPXV positive (6.19% (95% CI: 1.75%-10.64%)). Five tested positive in pharyngeal swabs, one in anal swab and one in both. Six did not present symptoms recognized as MPXV infection. Three samples were positive for CPE, and showed anti-vaccinia pAb staining by FACS and confocal microscopy. This suggests that unrecognized Mpox cases can shed infectious virus. Restricting testing to individuals reporting Mpox symptoms may not be sufficient to contain outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Agustí
- Centre of epidemiological studies on sexually transmitted infections and AIDS of Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain.
| | - Héctor Martínez-Riveros
- Centre of epidemiological studies on sexually transmitted infections and AIDS of Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Doctorate Program in Methodology of Biomedical Research and Public Health, Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Àgueda Hernández-Rodríguez
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory North Metropolitan Area, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Departament of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cristina Casañ
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory North Metropolitan Area, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Yesika Díaz
- Centre of epidemiological studies on sexually transmitted infections and AIDS of Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lucía Alonso
- Centre of epidemiological studies on sexually transmitted infections and AIDS of Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Fundació Lluita contra las Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Elisa Martró
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory North Metropolitan Area, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Departament of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Marçal Gallemí
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cinta Folch
- Centre of epidemiological studies on sexually transmitted infections and AIDS of Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ibrahim Sönmez
- Centre of epidemiological studies on sexually transmitted infections and AIDS of Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | - Alexia París de León
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory North Metropolitan Area, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Sandra Martinez-Puchol
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory North Metropolitan Area, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Vicerectorat de Recerca, Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona(UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A C Pelegrin
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory North Metropolitan Area, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Daniel Perez-Zsolt
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Dàlia Raïch-Regué
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Fundació Lluita contra las Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (uVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Izquierdo-Useros
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere-Joan Cardona
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory North Metropolitan Area, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Departament of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre of epidemiological studies on sexually transmitted infections and AIDS of Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Departament of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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Rocha GM, Cândido RCF, de Carvalho NP, Carvalho EGA, Costa AAM, Machado IV, da Cruz Pimenta MP, de Paula Júnior JA, Guimarães MDC, de Pádua CAM. Strategies to increase HIV testing among men who have sex with men and transgender women: an integrative review. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:240. [PMID: 37072705 PMCID: PMC10111644 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) are disproportionately affected by HIV, with much higher incidence and prevalence rates than in the general population in different countries. There are several barriers to testing among MSM and TGW, such as low risk perception, anticipation of HIV-related stigma, discrimination of sexual orientation, in addition to difficulties related to care and access to health services. Therefore, analyzing the available evidence of the effectiveness of strategies for scaling up HIV testing among key populations is essential to point out potential knowledge gaps which may need to be addressed and develop public health policies to promote testing and early diagnosis of HIV infection. METHODS An integrative review was carried out to evaluate strategies for scaling up HIV testing in these populations. Search strategy was performed on eight electronic databases, without language restriction. We included clinical trials, quasi-experimental studies, and non-randomized studies. Study selection and data extraction were both performed independently by pairs and disagreements were solved by a third revisor. The screening of the studies was carried out through the selection of titles/abstracts and the reading of the full texts of the pre-selected studies based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Data extraction was performed using a structured form. RESULTS Thirty-seven publications referring to 35 studies were included, mostly being carried out in the United States of America and Australia. No studies were found evaluating disaggregated data on TGW. The studies were grouped into four types of intervention strategies: self-test distribution system (n = 10), organization of health services (n = 9), peer education (n = 6), and social marketing campaign (n = 10). Strategies that focused on the first three groups, combined or not, were more effective in increasing HIV testing among MSM. CONCLUSIONS Considering the diversity of interventions and the methodological heterogeneity of the included studies, strategies especially involving self-test distribution systems, associated with new information and communication technologies, should be evaluated in different communities and social contexts. Research evaluating specific studies on TGW population is still needed.
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Silgado A, Bosch-Nicolau P, Sánchez-Montalvá A, Cervià A, Gomez-i-Prat J, Bagaria G, Rodriguez C, Goterris L, Serre-Delcor N, Oliveira-Souto I, Salvador F, Molina I, Sulleiro E. Opportunistic Community Screening of Chronic Chagas Disease Using a Rapid Diagnosis Test in Pharmacies in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain): Study Protocol and Pilot Phase Results. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1605386. [DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1605386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to report the protocol and results from the pilot phase of an opportunistic CP-based CD screening program in Barcelona, Spain.Methods: Three strategies according to recruitment approach were designed: passive, active and active-community. The study process consisted of signing the informed consent form, recording the patient’s data in a web-based database system, and performing the rapid test and blood collection on dry paper.Results: Nineteen pharmacies participated and 64 patients were included during the pilot phase of the study. The rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was positive in 2/64 (3.13%) cases. Of the 49 DBS samples that arrived at the laboratory, 22 (45%) were collected incorrectly. After quantitative and qualitative assessment of the program, the dry paper sample and passive strategy were ruled out.Conclusion: DBS sampling and the passive strategy are not suitable for CD screening in community pharmacies. There is a need to expand the number of participating pharmacies and individuals to determine whether conducting a RDT in community pharmacies is an effective screening method to increase access to CD diagnosis in a non-endemic area.
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Phin N, Poutanen SM. The cat is out of the bag - point-of-care testing (POCT) is here to stay. Euro Surveill 2020; 25:2001854. [PMID: 33153521 PMCID: PMC7645973 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.44.2001854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Phin
- Public Health England (PHE), Colindale, London, United Kingdom
- University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M Poutanen
- University Health Network/Sinai Health Department of Microbiology, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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