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Wei G, Huang N, Li M, Guan F, Chen L, Liao Y, Xie X, Li Y, Su Z, Chen J, Liu Y. Tetrahydroberberine alleviates high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice via augmenting lipoprotein assembly-induced clearance of low-density lipoprotein and intermediate-density lipoprotein. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 968:176433. [PMID: 38369273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The promotion of excess low-density lipoprotein (LDL) clearance stands as an effective clinical approach for treating hyperlipidemia. Tetrahydroberberine, a metabolite of berberine, exhibits superior bioavailability compared to berberine and demonstrates a pronounced hypolipidemic effect. Despite these characteristics, the impact of tetrahydroberberine on improving excessive LDL clearance in hyperlipidemia has remained unexplored. Thus, this study investigates the potential effects of tetrahydroberberine on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice. The findings reveal that tetrahydroberberine exerts a more potent lipid-lowering effect than berberine, particularly concerning LDL-cholesterol in hyperlipidemic mice. Notably, tetrahydroberberine significantly reduces serum levels of upstream lipoproteins, including intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) and very low-density lipoprotein, by promoting their conversion to LDL. This reduction is further facilitated by the upregulation of hepatic LDL receptor expression induced by tetrahydroberberine. Intriguingly, tetrahydroberberine enhances the apolipoprotein E (ApoE)/apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100) ratio, influencing lipoprotein assembly in the serum. This effect is achieved through the activation of the efflux of ApoE-containing cholesterol in the liver. The ApoE/ApoB100 ratio exhibits a robust negative correlation with serum levels of LDL and IDL, indicating its potential as a diagnostic indicator for hyperlipidemia. Moreover, tetrahydroberberine enhances hepatic lipid clearance without inducing lipid accumulation in the liver and alleviates existing liver lipid content. Importantly, no apparent hepatorenal toxicity is observed following tetrahydroberberine treatment for hyperlipidemia. In summary, tetrahydroberberine demonstrates a positive impact against hyperlipidemia by modulating lipoprotein assembly-induced clearance of LDL and IDL. The ApoE/ApoB100 ratio emerges as a promising diagnostic indicator for hyperlipidemia, showcasing the potential clinical significance of tetrahydroberberine in lipid management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilan Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ning Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fengkun Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yingyi Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xingyu Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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Thakur D, Bairwa A, Dipta B, Jhilta P, Chauhan A. An overview of fungal chitinases and their potential applications. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1031-1046. [PMID: 36752884 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01839-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitin, the world's second most abundant biopolymer after cellulose, is composed of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues. It is the key structural component of many organisms, including crustaceans, mollusks, marine invertebrates, algae, fungi, insects, and nematodes. There has been a significant increase in the generation of chitinous waste from seafood businesses, resulting in a big amount of scrap. Although several organisms, such as plants, crustaceans, insects, nematodes, and animals, produce chitinases, microorganisms are promising candidates and a sustainable option that mediates chitin degradation. Fungi are the dominant group of chitinase producers among microorganisms. In fungi, chitinases are involved in morphogenesis, cell division, autolysis, chitin acquisition for nutritional purposes, and mycoparasitism. Many efficient chitinolytic fungi with potential applications have been identified in a variety of environments, including soil, water, marine wastes, and plants. The current review highlights the key sources of chitinolytic fungi and the characterization of fungal chitinases. It also discusses the applications of fungal chitinases and the cloning of fungal chitinase genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Thakur
- Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aarti Bairwa
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, 171001, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Bhawna Dipta
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, 171001, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Prakriti Jhilta
- Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Abdo A, Zhang C, Al-Dalali S, Hou Y, Gao J, Yahya MA, Saleh A, Aleryani H, Al-Zamani Z, Sang Y. Marine Chitosan-Oligosaccharide Ameliorated Plasma Cholesterol in Hypercholesterolemic Hamsters by Modifying the Gut Microflora, Bile Acids, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2023; 15:2923. [PMID: 37447249 PMCID: PMC10346597 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the cholesterol-alleviating effect and underlying mechanisms of chitosan-oligosaccharide (COS) in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Male hamsters (n = 24) were divided into three groups in a random fashion, and each group was fed one particular diet, namely a non-cholesterol diet (NCD), a high-cholesterol diet (HCD), and an HCD diet substituting 5% of the COS diet for six weeks. Subsequently, alterations in fecal bile acids (BAs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and gut microflora (GM) were investigated. COS intervention significantly reduced and increased the plasma total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in hypercholesteremic hamsters. Furthermore, Non-HDL-C and total triacylglycerols (TG) levels were also reduced by COS supplementation. Additionally, COS could reduce and increase food intake and fecal SCFAs (acetate), respectively. Moreover, COS had beneficial effects on levels of BAs and GM related to cholesterol metabolism. This study provides novel evidence for the cholesterol-lowering activity of COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Abdo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (A.A.); (Y.H.); (J.G.)
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen; (S.A.-D.); (A.S.); (Z.A.-Z.)
| | - Chengnan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China;
| | - Sam Al-Dalali
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen; (S.A.-D.); (A.S.); (Z.A.-Z.)
| | - Yakun Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (A.A.); (Y.H.); (J.G.)
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (A.A.); (Y.H.); (J.G.)
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Saleh
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen; (S.A.-D.); (A.S.); (Z.A.-Z.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamzah Aleryani
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (A.A.); (Y.H.); (J.G.)
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen; (S.A.-D.); (A.S.); (Z.A.-Z.)
| | - Zakarya Al-Zamani
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen; (S.A.-D.); (A.S.); (Z.A.-Z.)
| | - Yaxin Sang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (A.A.); (Y.H.); (J.G.)
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Sun H, Zhao L, Mao X, Cao R, Liu Q. Identification of a Key Loop for Tuning Transglycosylation Activity in the Substrate-Binding Region of a Chitosanase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5585-5591. [PMID: 37000127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Csn-PD, a glycoside family 46 chitosanase from Paenibacillus dendritiformis, exhibits endotype hydrolysis of chitosan and produces (GlcN)2 as the major product. Here, we report the crystal structure of Csn-PD at 1.68 Å resolution. The structure contains 14 α-helices and two β-strands that fold into two globular domains with the substrate bound between them. To evaluate the function of a loop in the substrate-binding region (residues 112-116, NDKHP), a mutant Csn-PDL1, in which this loop was deleted, was generated. Hydrolysis of chitosan by the mutant yielded chitooligosaccharides (COSs) with higher degrees of polymerization (DP) than the wild-type enzyme. Excitingly, (GlcN)6 was produced from smaller COSs via transglycosylation activity of the mutant. Hence, the catalytic performance of a chitosanase was altered by modification of a loop in the substrate-binding regions. Our novel data on a chitosanase with transglycosylation activity offer a promising way to produce COSs with high DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Sun
- Department of Food Engineering and Nutrition, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Food Engineering and Nutrition, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Department of Food Engineering and Nutrition, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Food Engineering and Nutrition, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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Fu H, Liu H, Ge Y, Chen Y, Tan P, Bai J, Dai Z, Yang Y, Wu Z. Chitosan oligosaccharide alleviates and removes the toxicological effects of organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos residues. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130669. [PMID: 36586336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The abuse of chlorpyrifos (CHP), a commonly used organophosphorus pesticide, has caused many environmental pollution problems, especially its toxicological effects on non-target organisms. First, CHP enriched on the surface of plants enters ecosystem circulation along the food chain. Second, direct inflow of CHP into the water environment under the action of rainwater runoff inevitably causes toxicity to non-target organisms. Therefore, we used rats as a model to establish a CHP exposure toxicity model and studied the effects of CHP in rats. In addition, to alleviate and remove the injuries caused by residual chlorpyrifos in vivo, we explored the alleviation effect of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on CHP toxicity in rats by exploiting its high water solubility and natural biological activity. The results showed that CHP can induce the toxicological effects of intestinal antioxidant changes, inflammation, apoptosis, intestinal barrier damage, and metabolic dysfunction in rats, and COS has excellent removal and mitigation effects on the toxic damage caused by residual CHP in the environment. In summary, COS showed significant biological effects in removing and mitigating blood biochemistry, antioxidants, inflammation, apoptosis, gut barrier structure, and metabolic function changes induced by residual CHP in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center, #1, Yuda Road, Pinggu, Beijing 101200, China
| | - Haozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yao Ge
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yinfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center, #1, Yuda Road, Pinggu, Beijing 101200, China.
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6
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Chitinase-Assisted Bioconversion of Chitinous Waste for Development of Value-Added Chito-Oligosaccharides Products. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010087. [PMID: 36671779 PMCID: PMC9855443 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chito-oligosaccharides (COSs) are the partially hydrolyzed products of chitin, which is abundant in the shells of crustaceans, the cuticles of insects, and the cell walls of fungi. These oligosaccharides have received immense interest in the last few decades due to their highly promising bioactivities, such as their anti-microbial, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. Regarding environmental concerns, COSs are obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis by chitinase under milder conditions compared to the typical chemical degradation. This review provides updated information about research on new chitinase derived from various sources, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals, employed for the efficient production of COSs. The route to industrialization of these chitinases and COS products is also described.
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7
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The Hypolipidemic Effect of Hawthorn Leaf Flavonoids through Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Hyperlipidemic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3033311. [PMID: 36425260 PMCID: PMC9681556 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3033311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential mechanisms of the lipid-regulating effects and the effect on modulating the gut microbiota of hawthorn leaf flavonoids (HLF) in the high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Methods. The hypolipidemic effect of HLF was investigated in the high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The action targets of HLF in the treatment of hyperlipidemia were predicted by network pharmacology and KEGG enrichment bubble diagram, which were verified by the test of western blotting. Meanwhile, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the effects of HLF on the microbes. Results. The results of animal experiments showed that HLF could reduce the body weight and regulate the levels of serum lipid in high-fat diet (HFD) rats. Meanwhile, for the related targets of cholesterol metabolism, HLF could significantly upregulate the expression of LDLR, NR1H3, and ABCG5/ABCG8; reduce the expression of PCSK9; and increase the level of CYP7A1 in the intestinal tissue, whereas cholesterol biosynthetic protein expressions including HMGCR and SCAP were lowered by HLF. In addition, HLF increased the activities of plasma SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px and decreased the levels of Casp 1, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, improving the degree of hepatocyte steatosis and inflammatory infiltration of rats. Notably, HLF significantly regulated the relative abundance of major bacteria such as g_Lactobacillus, g_Anaerostipes, g_[Eubacterium]_hallii_group, g_Fusicatenibacter, g_Akkermansia, and g_Collinsella. Synchronously, we found that HLF could regulate the disorder of plasma HEPC and TFR levels caused by HFD. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that HLF can regulate metabolic hyperlipidemia syndromes and modulate the relative abundance of major bacteria, which illustrated that it might be associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition and metabolites.
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Fan J, Chen J, Wu H, Lu X, Fang X, Yin F, Zhao Z, Jiang P, Yu H. Chitosan Oligosaccharide Inhibits the Synthesis of Milk Fat in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells through AMPK-Mediated Downstream Signaling Pathway. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131692. [PMID: 35804595 PMCID: PMC9265072 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In order to study the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on milk fat synthesis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs), we did a series of related experiments. The results showed that chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) could inhibit the fatty acid synthesis and promote milk fat decomposition and oxidation through AMPK/SREBP1/SCD1, AMPK/HSL and AMPK/PPARα signaling pathways to reduce the milk fat content in bovine mammary epithelial cells. We elucidated the important role of COS in BMECs lipid metabolism. COS may be the potential small-molecule component in milk cow molecular breeding to regulate milk fat synthesis and metabolism. These findings will help us to further understand the mechanism of COS on milk fat metabolism. Abstract Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is a variety of oligosaccharides, and it is also the only abundant basic amino oligosaccharide in natural polysaccharides. Chitosan oligosaccharide is a low molecular weight product of chitosan after enzymatic degradation. It has many biological effects, such as lipid-lowering, antioxidant and immune regulation. Previous studies have shown that chitosan oligosaccharide has a certain effect on fat synthesis, but the effect of chitosan oligosaccharide on milk fat synthesis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) has not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate chitosan oligosaccharide’s effect on milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells and explore the underlying mechanism. We treated bovine mammary epithelial cells with different concentrations of chitosan oligosaccharide (0, 100, 150, 200, 400 and 800 μg/mL) for 24 h, 36 h and 48 h respectively. To assess the effect of chitosan oligosaccharide on bovine mammary epithelial cells and determine the concentration and time for chitosan oligosaccharide treatment on cells, several in vitro cellular experiments, including on cell viability, cycle and proliferation were carried out. The results highlighted that chitosan oligosaccharide (100, 150 μg/mL) significantly promoted cell viability, cycle and proliferation, increased intracellular cholesterol content, and reduced intracellular triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acids content. Under the stimulation of chitosan oligosaccharide, the expression of genes downstream of Phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (P-AMPK) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway changed, increasing the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), but the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1) and its downstream target gene stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) decreased. In conclusion, these results suggest that chitosan oligosaccharide may inhibit milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, promoting the oxidative decomposition of fatty acids and inhibiting fatty acid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Haochen Wu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xin Lu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.L.); (X.F.)
| | - Xibi Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.L.); (X.F.)
| | - Fuquan Yin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-151-4305-9097 (P.J.); +86-186-8660-9912 (H.Y.)
| | - Haibin Yu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (J.C.); (H.W.); (F.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Breed Innovation in Western Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-151-4305-9097 (P.J.); +86-186-8660-9912 (H.Y.)
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Feng J, Liu Y, Chen J, Bai Y, He J, Cao H, Che Q, Guo J, Su Z. Marine Chitooligosaccharide Alters Intestinal Flora Structure and Regulates Hepatic Inflammatory Response to Influence Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060383. [PMID: 35736186 PMCID: PMC9231394 DOI: 10.3390/md20060383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, C57BL/6 mice were given an HFHSD diet for 8 weeks to induce hepatic steatosis and then given COSM solution orally for 12 weeks. The study found that the HFHSD diet resulted in steatosis and insulin resistance in mice. The formation of NAFLD induced by HFHSD diet was related to the imbalance of intestinal flora. However, after COSM intervention, the abundance of beneficial bacteria increased significantly, while the abundance of harmful bacteria decreased significantly. The HFHSD diet also induced changes in intestinal bacterial metabolites, and the content of short-chain fatty acids in cecal contents after COSM intervention was significantly higher than that in the model group. In addition, COSM not only improved LPS levels and barrier dysfunction in the ileum and colon but upregulated protein levels of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin in the colon and downregulated the liver LPS/TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway. We concluded that the treatment of marine chitooligosaccharide COSM could improve the intestinal microflora structure of the fatty liver and activate an inflammatory signaling pathway, thus alleviating the intrahepatic lipid accumulation induced by HFHSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Feng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.F.); (Y.L.); (J.C.)
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.F.); (Y.L.); (J.C.)
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.F.); (Y.L.); (J.C.)
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China; (Y.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Jincan He
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China; (Y.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China;
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd., Science City, Guangzhou 510663, China;
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-20-3935-2067 (Z.S.)
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.F.); (Y.L.); (J.C.)
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-20-3935-2067 (Z.S.)
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10
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Mousa AM, Taha ME, ELdeighdye SM, Kamal AM. The role of purslane in modulating diverse effects of high fat diet on biochemical, histological, and molecular parameters of rats' liver. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e248755. [PMID: 34817021 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.248755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Consuming a high-fat diet causes a harmful accumulation of fat in the liver, which may not reverse even after switching to a healthier diet. Different reports dealt with the role of purslane as an extract against high-fat diet; meanwhile, it was necessary to study the potential role of fresh purslane as a hypolipidemic agent. This study is supposed to investigate further the potential mechanism in the hypolipidemic effect of fresh purslane, by measuring cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr). Rats were divided into two main groups: the first one is the normal control group (n=7 rats) and the second group (n=28 rats) received a high fat diet for 28 weeks to induce obesity. Then the high fat diet group was divided into equal four subgroups. As, the positive control group still fed on a high fat diet only. Meanwhile, the other three groups were received high-fat diet supplemented with a different percent of fresh purslane (25, 50 and 75%) respectively. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed and samples were collected for molecular, biochemical, and histological studies. Current study reported that, supplementation of fresh purslane especially at a concentration of 75% play an important role against harmful effects of high-fat diet at both cellular and organ level, by increasing CYP7A1 as well as Ldlr mRNA expression. Also, there were an improvement on the tested liver functions, thyroid hormones, and lipid profile. Fresh purslane plays the potential role as a hypolipidemic agent via modulation of both Ldlr and Cyp7A, which will point to use fresh purslane against harmful effects of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Mousa
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority - EAEA, Nuclear Research Center - NRC, Biological Applications Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M E Taha
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority - EAEA, Nuclear Research Center - NRC, Biological Applications Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sh M ELdeighdye
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority - EAEA, Nuclear Research Center - NRC, Biological Applications Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A M Kamal
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority - EAEA, Nuclear Research Center - NRC, Biological Applications Department, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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He N, Wang S, Lv Z, Zhao W, Li S. Low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides (LMW-COSs) prevent obesity-related metabolic abnormalities in association with the modification of gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Food Funct 2021; 11:9947-9959. [PMID: 33108433 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the two enzymatic low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides (LMW-COSs), LMW-COS-H and LMW-COS-L, were prepared with average MWs of 879.6 Da and 360.9 Da, respectively. Compared to LMW-COS-L, the LMW-COS-H was more effective in improving high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic abnormalities, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. The subsequent analysis of gut microbiota showed that the supplement of LMW-COSs caused overall structural and genus/species-specific changes in the gut microbiota, which were significantly correlated with the metabolic parameters. Specifically, both of the LMW-COSs significantly decreased the relative abundance of inflammatory bacteria such as Erysipelatoclostridium and Alistipes, whereas that of the beneficial intestinal bacteria (such as Akkermansia and Gammaproteobacteria) increased significantly. This study suggested that there were potential prebiotic functions of LMW-COSs in HFD fed mice, which regulated the dysfunctional gut microbiota, alleviated low-grade inflammation and maintained the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning He
- College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 266071, Qingdao, China.
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12
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Zhou DY, Wu ZX, Yin FW, Song S, Li A, Zhu BW, Yu LL(L. Chitosan and Derivatives: Bioactivities and Application in Foods. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2021; 12:407-432. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-070720-112725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic aminopolysaccharide. This review summarizes and discusses the structural modifications, including substitution, grafting copolymerization, cross-linking, and hydrolysis, utilized to improve the physicochemical properties and enhance the bioactivity and functionality of chitosan and related materials. This manuscript also reviews the current progress and potential of chitosan and its derivatives in body-weight management and antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory activities as well as their ability to interact with gut microbiota. In addition, the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as functional ingredients in food systems, such as film and coating materials, and delivery systems is discussed. This manuscript aims to provide up-to-date information to stimulate future discussion and research to promote the value-added utilization of chitosan in improving the safety, quality, nutritional value and health benefits, and sustainability of our food system while reducing the environmental hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Yong Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Fa-Wen Yin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ao Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Liang-Li (Lucy) Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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13
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Yi Z, Luo X, Zhao L. Research Advances in Chitosan Oligosaccharides: From Multiple Biological Activities to Clinical Applications. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5037-5055. [PMID: 31309881 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712180147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), hydrolysed products of chitosan, are low-molecular weight polymers with a positive charge and good biocompatibility. COS have recently been reported to possess various biological activities, including hypoglycaemic, hypolipidaemic, antioxidantantioxidant, immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, antitumour, antibacterial, and tissue engineering activities, exhibiting extensive application prospects. Currently, the biological processes and mechanisms of COS are attractive topics of study, ranging from the genetic, molecular and protein levels. This article reviews the recent discoveries about COS, especially in metabolic regulation, immune function and tissue repair, providing important insights into their multiple biological activities, medical benefits, and therapeutic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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14
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Wei M, Gu E, Luo J, Zhang Z, Xu D, Tao X, Shah NP, Wei H. Enterococcus hirae WEHI01 isolated from a healthy Chinese infant ameliorates the symptoms of type 2 diabetes by elevating the abundance of Lactobacillales in rats. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:2969-2981. [PMID: 32059859 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Enterococcus hirae WEHI01 is a potential probiotic strain isolated from a healthy Chinese infant. This strain has previously been characterized as having cholesterol-lowering potential and good dairy fermentation performance. In this study, we used rat models with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induced by a high fat and sucrose diet and low-dose streptozotocin, respectively, and we evaluated the effect of E. hirae WEHI01 on glycolipid metabolism, glycolipid-related gene expression, organ histopathology, and intestinal flora changes in the 2 models. Our results showed that administration of 5.0 × 109 cfu of E. hirae WEHI01 for 4 wk decreased serum lipid levels and regulated glycolipid metabolism in the liver of obese rats. Following continuous administration of the same concentration of E. hirae WEHI01 to a T2DM rat model for another 5 wk, E. hirae WEHI01 improved glucose tolerance, recovered body weight loss, and led to significant decreases in tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-10, and total bile acid in serum. We also found that E. hirae WEHI01 restored the morphology of the pancreas, kidney, and liver, and changed the composition of the gut microbiota (i.e., decreased the Shannon index, increased the Simpson index, and substantially increased the abundance of Lactobacillales). Combining the results for the obese model and the T2DM model, we speculated that beneficial effects of E. hirae WEHI01 on T2DM could be due to (1) a significant increase in PPARA expression and a tendency for increased CYP7A1 expression in the liver of obese rats, promoting the conversion of cholesterol into bile acid and reducing serum total bile acid levels in T2DM model rats; or (2) a change in gut microbial diversity, especially elevated Lactobacillales abundance, which reduced the total bile acid in T2DM model rats. These results demonstrated that E. hirae WEHI01 has the potential to ameliorate type 2 diabetes in rats and provide a promising rationale for further research into the prevention and treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Enyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Di Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xueying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Nagendra P Shah
- Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Science, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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15
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Xu T, Qi M, Liu H, Cao D, Xu C, Wang L, Qi B. Chitin degradation potential and whole-genome sequence of Streptomyces diastaticus strain CS1801. AMB Express 2020; 10:29. [PMID: 32036475 PMCID: PMC7007918 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-0963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the chitin degradation potential and whole-genome sequence of Streptomyces diastaticus strain CS1801, which had been screened out in our previous work. The results of fermentation revealed that CS1801 can convert the chitin derived from crab shells, colloidal chitin and N-acetylglucosamine to chitooligosaccharide. Additional genome-wide analysis of CS1801 was also performed to explore the genomic basis for chitin degradation. The results showed that CS1801 possesses a chromosome with 5,611,479 bp (73% GC) and a plasmid with 1,388,284 bp (73% GC). The CS1801 genome consists of 7584 protein-coding genes, 90 tRNA and 21 rRNA operons. In addition, the results of genomic CAZyme analysis indicated that CS1801 comprises 103 glycoside hydrolase family genes, which could regulate the glycoside hydrolases that contribute to chitin degradation. The whole-genome information of CS1801 could highlight the mechanism underlying the chitin degradation activity of CS1801, strongly indicating that CS1801 is characterized by a substantial number of genes encoding chitinases and the complete metabolic pathway of chitin, conferring CS1801 with promising potential applicability in chitooligosaccharide production.
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16
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Wang Q, Jiang Y, Luo X, Wang C, Wang N, He H, Zhang T, Chen L. Chitooligosaccharides Modulate Glucose-Lipid Metabolism by Suppressing SMYD3 Pathways and Regulating Gut Microflora. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18010069. [PMID: 31968646 PMCID: PMC7024377 DOI: 10.3390/md18010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharides (COS) have a variety of biological activities due to their positively charged amino groups. Studies have shown that COS have antidiabetic effects, but their molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The present study confirmed that COS can reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, prevent obesity, and enhance histological changes in the livers of mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, treatment with COS can modulate the composition of the gut microbiota in the colon by altering the abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. Furthermore, in T2DM mice, treatment with COS can upregulate the cholesterol-degrading enzymes cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and incretin glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) while specifically inhibiting the transcription and expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), the key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Furthermore, using an oleic acid-induced hepatocyte steatosis model, we found that HMGCR can be directly transactivated by SET and MYND domain containing 3 (SMYD3), a transcriptional regulator, via 5'-CCCTCC-3' element in the promoter. Overexpression of SMYD3 can suppress the inhibitory effect of COS on HMGCR, and COS might regulate HMGCR by inhibiting SMYD3, thereby exerting hypolipidemic functions. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to illustrate that COS mediate glucose and lipid metabolism disorders by regulating gut microbiota and SMYD3-mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiutong Wang
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Q.W.); (Y.J.); (C.W.); (N.W.); (H.H.); (T.Z.)
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yajie Jiang
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Q.W.); (Y.J.); (C.W.); (N.W.); (H.H.); (T.Z.)
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xuegang Luo
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Q.W.); (Y.J.); (C.W.); (N.W.); (H.H.); (T.Z.)
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (L.C.); Tel.: +86-22-60601104 (X.L.); +86-15382999119 (L.C.)
| | - Chang Wang
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Q.W.); (Y.J.); (C.W.); (N.W.); (H.H.); (T.Z.)
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Q.W.); (Y.J.); (C.W.); (N.W.); (H.H.); (T.Z.)
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hongpeng He
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Q.W.); (Y.J.); (C.W.); (N.W.); (H.H.); (T.Z.)
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Q.W.); (Y.J.); (C.W.); (N.W.); (H.H.); (T.Z.)
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Liehuan Chen
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai Agricultural Engineering College, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Guangzhou Youlan Marine Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510530, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (L.C.); Tel.: +86-22-60601104 (X.L.); +86-15382999119 (L.C.)
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Liu Y, Chen J, Tan Q, Deng X, Tsai PJ, Chen PH, Ye M, Guo J, Su Z. Nondigestible Oligosaccharides with Anti-Obesity Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:4-16. [PMID: 31829005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has an important influence on health conditions, causing a multitude of complications and comorbidities, and drug therapy is considered to be one of the treatment strategies. Nowadays, there is increasing interest in the study of intestinal microbiota regulation of obesity; also, an increasing number of agricultural and sideline products have been found to have anti-obesity potential. In the present review, we summarize an overview of current known and potential anti-obesity oligosaccharides and their molecular structures. We describe their anti-obesity potential activity and the molecular structure associated with this activity, the regulation of intestinal microbiota composition and its mechanism of action, including regulation of the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) pathway and altering bile acid (BA) pathway. This review will provide new ideas for us to develop new anti-obesity functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Qiuhua Tan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Xiaoyi Deng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Ping-Ju Tsai
- King-Prebiotics Biotechnology (TW) CO., LTD. , Linkou District, New Taipei City 24446 , Taiwan China
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chen
- King-Prebiotics Biotechnology (TW) CO., LTD. , Linkou District, New Taipei City 24446 , Taiwan China
| | - Manxiang Ye
- New Francisco (Yunfu City) Biotechnology CO., LTD. , Swan-kan-chiau Industrial District, Kaofong Village Yunfu City 527343 , Guangdong , China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
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Wang J, He W, Yang D, Cao H, Bai Y, Guo J, Su Z. Beneficial Metabolic Effects of Chitosan and Chitosan Oligosaccharide on Epididymal WAT Browning and Thermogenesis in Obese Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:E4455. [PMID: 31817377 PMCID: PMC6943480 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Many anti-obesity chemicals have been withdrawn from the market due to serious adverse reactions, and the researchers have turned their attention to low-toxic natural products. Previous studies have demonstrated that chitosan (CTS) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) were low-toxic natural products for the use of weight loss. However, it is still unclear whether CTS and COS have positive effects on the thermogenesis. In this study, CTS and COS significantly reduced the weight gain of rats without affecting food intake and effectively inhibited adipose tissue hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Consistently, CTS and COS significantly increased the thermogenic capacity of obese rats induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and increased the expression of browning genes and proteins (UCP1, PGC1α, PRMD16, and ATF2) in white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). In vitro, COS inhibited the formation of mature adipocytes and increased the expression of browning genes. In conclusion, COS and CTS was used to explore the function and mechanism on thermogenesis, and CTS and COS can increase the browning of WAT and the thermogenesis of BAT to inhibit obesity. This effect may be achieved by promoting the expression of browning and thermogenic genes, providing new ideas for the utilization of COS and CTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.W.); (W.H.); (D.Y.)
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wanping He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.W.); (W.H.); (D.Y.)
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Di Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.W.); (W.H.); (D.Y.)
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China;
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China;
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.W.); (W.H.); (D.Y.)
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19
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Guo L, Wang L, Liu F, Li B, Tang Y, Yu S, Zhang D, Huo G. Effect of bile salt hydrolase-active Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS 1.0344 on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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