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Bharti S, Kumar A. Synergies in stem cell research: Integrating technologies, strategies, and bionanomaterial innovations. Acta Histochem 2024; 126:152119. [PMID: 38041895 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1960 s, there has been a substantial amount of research directed towards investigating the biology of several types of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells, brain cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. In contemporary times, a wide array of stem cells has been utilized to treat several disorders, including bone marrow transplantation. In recent years, stem cell treatment has developed as a very promising and advanced field of scientific research. The progress of therapeutic methodologies has resulted in significant amounts of anticipation and expectation. Recently, there has been a notable proliferation of experimental methodologies aimed at isolating and developing stem cells, which have emerged concurrently. Stem cells possess significant vitality and exhibit vigorous proliferation, making them suitable candidates for in vitro modification. This article examines the progress made in stem cell isolation and explores several methodologies employed to promote the differentiation of stem cells. This study also explores the method of isolating bio-nanomaterials and discusses their viewpoint in the context of stem cell research. It also covers the potential for investigating stem cell applications in bioprinting and the usage of bionanomaterial in stem cell-related technologies and research. In conclusion, the review article concludes by highlighting the importance of incorporating state-of-the-art methods and technological breakthroughs into the future of stem cell research. Putting such an emphasis on constant innovation highlights the ever-changing character of science and the never-ending drive toward unlocking the maximum therapeutic potential of stem cells. This review would be a useful resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers in the stem cell research area, guiding the next steps in this fast-developing scientific concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharda Bharti
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, CG, India
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, CG, India.
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Ahn S, Koh BI, Lee J, Hong S, Kim I, Kim P. In vivo observation of multi-phase spatiotemporal cellular dynamics of transplanted HSPCs during early engraftment. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:547-559. [PMID: 35949509 PMCID: PMC9353502 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is commonly used to treat patients with various blood disorders, genetic and immunological diseases, and solid tumors. Several systemic complications following HSCT are critical limiting factors for achieving a successful outcome. These systemic complications are mainly due to the lack of initial engraftment after transplantation. However, the detailed underlying cellular dynamics of early engraftment have not been fully characterized yet. We performed in vivo longitudinal visualization of early engraftment characteristics of transplanted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the mouse calvarial bone marrow (BM). To achieve this, we utilized an in vivo laser-scanning confocal microscopy imaging system with a cranial BM imaging window and stereotaxic device. We observed two distinct cellular behaviors of HSPCs in vivo, cluster formation and cluster dissociation, early after transplantation. Furthermore, we successfully identified three cellular phases of engraftment with distinct cellular distances which are coordinated with cell proliferation and cell migration dynamics during initial engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Ahn
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and TechnologyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
- IVIM TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Bong Ihn Koh
- KI for the BioCenturyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineDepartment of Tissue MorphogenesisUniversity of MünsterFaculty of MedicineMünsterGermany
| | - Jingu Lee
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and TechnologyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Sujung Hong
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and TechnologyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Injune Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Pilhan Kim
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and TechnologyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
- IVIM TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
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3
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Kamiyama Y, Naritomi Y, Moriya Y, Yamamoto S, Kitahashi T, Maekawa T, Yahata M, Hanada T, Uchiyama A, Noumaru A, Koga Y, Higuchi T, Ito M, Komatsu H, Miyoshi S, Kimura S, Umeda N, Fujita E, Tanaka N, Sugita T, Takayama S, Kurogi A, Yasuda S, Sato Y. Biodistribution studies for cell therapy products: Current status and issues. Regen Ther 2021; 18:202-216. [PMID: 34307798 PMCID: PMC8282960 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Information on the biodistribution (BD) of cell therapy products (CTPs) is essential for prediction and assessment of their efficacy and toxicity profiles in non-clinical and clinical studies. To conduct BD studies, it is necessary to understand regulatory requirements, implementation status, and analytical methods. This review aimed at surveying international and Japanese trends concerning the BD study for CTPs and the following subjects were investigated, which were considered particularly important: 1) comparison of guidelines to understand the regulatory status of BD studies in a global setting; 2) case studies of the BD study using databases to understand its current status in cell therapy; 3) case studies on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) used primarily in non-clinical BD studies for CTPs; and 4) survey of imaging methods used for non-clinical and clinical BD studies. The results in this review will be a useful resource for implementing BD studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiteru Kamiyama
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoichi Naritomi
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuu Moriya
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Syunsuke Yamamoto
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kitahashi
- Bioscience & Engineering Laboratory, FUJIFILM Corp., 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Maekawa
- Bioscience & Engineering Laboratory, FUJIFILM Corp., 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yahata
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hanada
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo.Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Uchiyama
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akari Noumaru
- Kumamoto Laboratories, LSIM Safety Institute Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Koga
- Kumamoto Laboratories, LSIM Safety Institute Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Higuchi
- Non-clinical Development, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ito
- Tsukuba Research Institute, BoZo Research Center Inc., 8 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Komatsu
- Science BD Department, CMIC Pharma Science Co., Ltd., 1-1-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sosuke Miyoshi
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sadaaki Kimura
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Umeda
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Eriko Fujita
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoko Tanaka
- Evaluation Center, Terumo Corporation, 1500 Inokuchi, Nakai-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taku Sugita
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Takayama
- Cell Therapy Technology, Healthcare R&D Center, Asahi Kasei Corporation, 2-1 Samejima, Fuji-Shi, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kurogi
- Regenerative Medicine Research & Planning Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoji Sato
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Wilk B, Wisenberg G, Dharmakumar R, Thiessen JD, Goldhawk DE, Prato FS. Hybrid PET/MR imaging in myocardial inflammation post-myocardial infarction. J Nucl Cardiol 2020; 27:2083-2099. [PMID: 31797321 PMCID: PMC7391987 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-019-01973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid PET/MR imaging is an emerging imaging modality combining positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the same system. Since the introduction of clinical PET/MRI in 2011, it has had some impact (e.g., imaging the components of inflammation in myocardial infarction), but its role could be much greater. Many opportunities remain unexplored and will be highlighted in this review. The inflammatory process post-myocardial infarction has many facets at a cellular level which may affect the outcome of the patient, specifically the effects on adverse left ventricular remodeling, and ultimately prognosis. The goal of inflammation imaging is to track the process non-invasively and quantitatively to determine the best therapeutic options for intervention and to monitor those therapies. While PET and MRI, acquired separately, can image aspects of inflammation, hybrid PET/MRI has the potential to advance imaging of myocardial inflammation. This review contains a description of hybrid PET/MRI, its application to inflammation imaging in myocardial infarction and the challenges, constraints, and opportunities in designing data collection protocols. Finally, this review explores opportunities in PET/MRI: improved registration, partial volume correction, machine learning, new approaches in the development of PET and MRI pulse sequences, and the use of novel injection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wilk
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada.
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada.
- Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada.
| | - G Wisenberg
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- MyHealth Centre, Arva, Canada
| | - R Dharmakumar
- Biomedical Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J D Thiessen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
| | - D E Goldhawk
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
| | - F S Prato
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
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Labeling Stem Cells with a New Hybrid Bismuth/Carbon Nanotube Contrast Agent for X-Ray Imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:2183051. [PMID: 31281232 PMCID: PMC6594287 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2183051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The poor retention and survival of cells after transplantation to solid tissue represent a major obstacle for the effectiveness of stem cell-based therapies. The ability to track stem cells in vivo can lead to a better understanding of the biodistribution of transplanted cells, in addition to improving the analysis of stem cell therapies' outcomes. Here, we described the use of a carbon nanotube-based contrast agent (CA) for X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging as an intracellular CA to label bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Porcine MSCs were labeled without observed cytotoxicity. The CA consists of a hybrid material containing ultra-short single-walled carbon nanotubes (20-80 nm in length, US-tubes) and Bi(III) oxo-salicylate clusters which contain four Bi3+ ions per cluster (Bi4C). The CA is thus abbreviated as Bi4C@US-tubes.
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Li X, Hacker M. Molecular imaging in stem cell-based therapies of cardiac diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 120:71-88. [PMID: 28734900 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the past 15years, despite that regenerative medicine has shown great potential for cardiovascular diseases, the outcome and safety of stem cell transplantation has shown controversial results in the published literature. Medical imaging might be useful for monitoring and quantifying transplanted cells within the heart and to serially characterize the effects of stem cell therapy of the myocardium. From the multiple available noninvasive imaging techniques, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear imaging by positron (PET) or single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) are the most used clinical approaches to follow the fate of transplanted stem cells in vivo. In this article, we provide a review on the role of different noninvasive imaging modalities and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We focus on the different in-vivo labeling and reporter gene imaging strategies for stem cell tracking as well as the concept and reliability to use imaging parameters as noninvasive surrogate endpoints for the evaluation of the post-therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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7
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In Vivo Tracking of Cell Therapies for Cardiac Diseases with Nuclear Medicine. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:3140120. [PMID: 26880951 PMCID: PMC4737458 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3140120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though heart diseases are amongst the main causes of mortality and morbidity in the world, existing treatments are limited in restoring cardiac lesions. Cell transplantations, originally developed for the treatment of hematologic ailments, are presently being explored in preclinical and clinical trials for cardiac diseases. Nonetheless, little is known about the possible efficacy and mechanisms for these therapies and they are the center of continuous investigation. In this scenario, noninvasive imaging techniques lead to greater comprehension of cell therapies. Radiopharmaceutical cell labeling, firstly developed to track leukocytes, has been used successfully to evaluate the migration of cell therapies for myocardial diseases. A substantial rise in the amount of reports employing this methodology has taken place in the previous years. We will review the diverse radiopharmaceuticals, imaging modalities, and results of experimental and clinical studies published until now. Also, we report on current limitations and potential advances of radiopharmaceutical labeling for cell therapies in cardiac diseases.
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Cheng SH, Yu D, Tsai HM, Morshed RA, Kanojia D, Lo LW, Leoni L, Govind Y, Zhang L, Aboody KS, Lesniak MS, Chen CT, Balyasnikova IV. Dynamic In Vivo SPECT Imaging of Neural Stem Cells Functionalized with Radiolabeled Nanoparticles for Tracking of Glioblastoma. J Nucl Med 2015; 57:279-84. [PMID: 26564318 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.163006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is strong clinical interest in using neural stem cells (NSCs) as carriers for targeted delivery of therapeutics to glioblastoma. Multimodal dynamic in vivo imaging of NSC behaviors in the brain is necessary for developing such tailored therapies; however, such technology is lacking. Here we report a novel strategy for mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-facilitated NSC tracking in the brain via SPECT. METHODS (111)In was conjugated to MSNs, taking advantage of the large surface area of their unique porous feature. A series of nanomaterial characterization assays was performed to assess the modified MSN. Loading efficiency and viability of NSCs with (111)In-MSN complex were optimized. Radiolabeled NSCs were administered to glioma-bearing mice via either intracranial or systemic injection. SPECT imaging and bioluminescence imaging were performed daily up to 48 h after NSC injection. Histology and immunocytochemistry were used to confirm the findings. RESULTS (111)In-MSN complexes show minimal toxicity to NSCs and robust in vitro and in vivo stability. Phantom studies demonstrate feasibility of this platform for NSC imaging. Of significance, we discovered that decayed (111)In-MSN complexes exhibit strong fluorescent profiles in preloaded NSCs, allowing for ex vivo validation of the in vivo data. In vivo, SPECT visualizes actively migrating NSCs toward glioma xenografts in real time after both intracranial and systemic administrations. This is in agreement with bioluminescence live imaging, confocal microscopy, and histology. CONCLUSION These advancements warrant further development and integration of this technology with MRI for multimodal noninvasive tracking of therapeutic NSCs toward various brain malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsun Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dou Yu
- The Brain Tumor Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hsiu-Ming Tsai
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ramin A Morshed
- The Brain Tumor Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Deepak Kanojia
- The Brain Tumor Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leu-Wei Lo
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institute(s), Taiwan; and
| | - Lara Leoni
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yureve Govind
- The Brain Tumor Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lingjiao Zhang
- The Brain Tumor Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Karen S Aboody
- Department of Neuroscience, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California
| | - Maciej S Lesniak
- The Brain Tumor Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chin-Tu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Tang YH, Ma YY, Zhang ZJ, Wang YT, Yang GY. Opportunities and challenges: stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of ischemic stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2015; 21:337-47. [PMID: 25676164 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke has been widely explored in animal models and provides strong evidence of benefits. In this review, we summarize the types of stem cells, various delivery routes, and tracking tools for stem cell therapy of ischemic stroke. MSCs, EPCs, and NSCs are the most explored cell types for ischemic stroke treatment. Although the mechanisms of stem cell-based therapies are not fully understood, the most possible functions of the transplanted cells are releasing growth factors and regulating microenvironment through paracrine mechanism. Clinical application of stem cell-based therapy is still in its infancy. The next decade of stem cell research in stroke field needs to focus on combining different stem cells and different imaging modalities to fully explore the potential of this therapeutic avenue: from bench to bedside and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hui Tang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Moudgil R, Dick AJ. Regenerative Cell Imaging in Cardiac Repair. Can J Cardiol 2014; 30:1323-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Jeong Y, Choi J, Lee KH. Technology advancement for integrative stem cell analyses. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 20:669-82. [PMID: 24874188 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Scientists have endeavored to use stem cells for a variety of applications ranging from basic science research to translational medicine. Population-based characterization of such stem cells, while providing an important foundation to further development, often disregard the heterogeneity inherent among individual constituents within a given population. The population-based analysis and characterization of stem cells and the problems associated with such a blanket approach only underscore the need for the development of new analytical technology. In this article, we review current stem cell analytical technologies, along with the advantages and disadvantages of each, followed by applications of these technologies in the field of stem cells. Furthermore, while recent advances in micro/nano technology have led to a growth in the stem cell analytical field, underlying architectural concepts allow only for a vertical analytical approach, in which different desirable parameters are obtained from multiple individual experiments and there are many technical challenges that limit vertically integrated analytical tools. Therefore, we propose--by introducing a concept of vertical and horizontal approach--that there is the need of adequate methods to the integration of information, such that multiple descriptive parameters from a stem cell can be obtained from a single experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jeong
- 1 BK21+ Department of BioNano Technology, Hanyang University , Seoul Campus, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Liu X, Ye R, Yan T, Yu SP, Wei L, Xu G, Fan X, Jiang Y, Stetler RA, Liu G, Chen J. Cell based therapies for ischemic stroke: from basic science to bedside. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 115:92-115. [PMID: 24333397 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapy is emerging as a viable therapy to restore neurological function after stroke. Many types of stem/progenitor cells from different sources have been explored for their feasibility and efficacy for the treatment of stroke. Transplanted cells not only have the potential to replace the lost circuitry, but also produce growth and trophic factors, or stimulate the release of such factors from host brain cells, thereby enhancing endogenous brain repair processes. Although stem/progenitor cells have shown a promising role in ischemic stroke in experimental studies as well as initial clinical pilot studies, cellular therapy is still at an early stage in humans. Many critical issues need to be addressed including the therapeutic time window, cell type selection, delivery route, and in vivo monitoring of their migration pattern. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive synopsis of preclinical evidence and clinical experience of various donor cell types, their restorative mechanisms, delivery routes, imaging strategies, future prospects and challenges for translating cell therapies as a neurorestorative regimen in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Neurology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gelin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinying Fan
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - R Anne Stetler
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - George Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jieli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
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14
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Multimodality molecular imaging of stem cells therapy for stroke. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:849819. [PMID: 24222920 PMCID: PMC3816035 DOI: 10.1155/2013/849819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have been proposed as a promising therapy for treating stroke. While several studies have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of stem cells, the exact mechanism remains elusive. Molecular imaging provides the possibility of the visual representation of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. In order to facilitate research efforts to understand the stem cells therapeutic mechanisms, we need to further develop means of monitoring these cells noninvasively, longitudinally and repeatedly. Because of tissue depth and the blood-brain barrier (BBB), in vivo imaging of stem cells therapy for stroke has unique challenges. In this review, we describe existing methods of tracking transplanted stem cells in vivo, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine imaging, and optical imaging (OI). Each of the imaging techniques has advantages and drawbacks. Finally, we describe multimodality imaging strategies as a more comprehensive and potential method to monitor transplanted stem cells for stroke.
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Positron emission tomography based in-vivo imaging of early phase stem cell retention after intramyocardial delivery in the mouse model. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2013; 40:1730-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-013-2480-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Stem cells as a tool for breast imaging. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:814014. [PMID: 22848220 PMCID: PMC3405672 DOI: 10.1155/2012/814014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are a scientific field of interest due to their therapeutic potential. There are different groups, depending on the differentiation state. We can find lonely stem cells, but generally they distribute in niches. Stem cells don't survive forever. They are affected for senescence. Cancer stem cells are best defined functionally, as a subpopulation of tumor cells that can enrich for tumorigenic property and can regenerate heterogeneity of the original tumor. Circulating tumor cells are cells that have detached from a primary tumor and circulate in the bloodstream. They may constitute seeds for subsequent growth of additional tumors (metastasis) in different tissues. Advances in molecular imaging have allowed a deeper understanding of the in vivo behavior of stem cells and have proven to be indispensable in preclinical and clinical studies. One of the first imaging modalities for monitoring pluripotent stem cells in vivo, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers high spatial and temporal resolution to obtain detailed morphological and functional information. Advantages of radioscintigraphic techniques include their picomolar sensitivity, good tissue penetration, and translation to clinical applications. Radionuclide imaging is the sole direct labeling technique used thus far in human studies, involving both autologous bone marrow derived and peripheral stem cells.
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Mitchell AJ, Sabondjian E, Blackwood KJ, Sykes J, Deans L, Feng Q, Stodilka RZ, Prato FS, Wisenberg G. Comparison of the myocardial clearance of endothelial progenitor cells injected early versus late into reperfused or sustained occlusion myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012; 29:497-504. [PMID: 22736429 PMCID: PMC3560956 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-012-0086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation following AMI has shown promise for the repair or reduction of the amount of myocardial injury. There is some evidence that these treatment effects appear to be directly correlated to cell residence time. This study aims to assess the effects of (a) the timing of stem cell injection following myocardial infarction, and (b) flow milieu, on cell residence times at the site of transplantation by comparing three time points (day of infarction, week 1 and week 4–5), and two models of acute myocardial infarction (sustained occlusion or reperfusion). Twenty-one dogs received 2 injections of 30 million endothelial progenitor cells. The first injections were administered by epicardial (n = 8) or endocardial injection (n = 13) either on the day of infarction (n = 15) or at 1 week (n = 6). The second injections were administered by only endocardial injection (n = 18) 4 weeks following the first injection. Cell clearance half-lives were comparable between early and late injections. However, transplants into sustained occlusion infarcts resulted in slower cell clearance 77.1 ± 6.1 (n = 18) versus reperfused 59.4 ± 2.9 h (n = 21) p = 0.009. Sustained occlusion infarcts had longer cell retention in comparison to reperfusion whereas the timing of injection did not affect clearance rates. If the potential for myocardial regeneration associated with cell transplantation is, at least in part, linked to cell residence times, then greater benefit may be observed with transplants into infarcts associated with persistent coronary artery occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Mitchell
- Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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18
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Gu E, Chen WY, Gu J, Burridge P, Wu JC. Molecular imaging of stem cells: tracking survival, biodistribution, tumorigenicity, and immunogenicity. Am J Cancer Res 2012; 2:335-45. [PMID: 22509197 PMCID: PMC3326720 DOI: 10.7150/thno.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Being able to self-renew and differentiate into virtually all cell types, both human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have exciting therapeutic implications for myocardial infarction, neurodegenerative disease, diabetes, and other disorders involving irreversible cell loss. However, stem cell biology remains incompletely understood despite significant advances in the field. Inefficient stem cell differentiation, difficulty in verifying successful delivery to the target organ, and problems with engraftment all hamper the transition from laboratory animal studies to human clinical trials. Although traditional histopathological techniques have been the primary approach for ex vivo analysis of stem cell behavior, these postmortem examinations are unable to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms in real time and in vivo. Fortunately, the advent of molecular imaging has led to unprecedented progress in understanding the fundamental behavior of stem cells, including their survival, biodistribution, immunogenicity, and tumorigenicity in the targeted tissues of interest. This review summarizes various molecular imaging technologies and how they have advanced the current understanding of stem cell survival, biodistribution, immunogenicity, and tumorigenicity.
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Sabondjian E, Mitchell AJ, Wisenberg G, White J, Blackwood KJ, Sykes J, Deans L, Stodilka RZ, Prato FS. Hybrid SPECT/cardiac-gated first-pass perfusion CT: locating transplanted cells relative to infarcted myocardial targets. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2012; 7:76-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kimberley J. Blackwood
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program; Rm E5-109, St Joseph's Hospital, 268 Grosvenor St; London; ON; Canada; N6A 4V2
| | - Jane Sykes
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program; Rm E5-109, St Joseph's Hospital, 268 Grosvenor St; London; ON; Canada; N6A 4V2
| | - Lela Deans
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program; Rm E5-109, St Joseph's Hospital, 268 Grosvenor St; London; ON; Canada; N6A 4V2
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Fu Y, Azene N, Xu Y, Kraitchman DL. Tracking stem cells for cardiovascular applications in vivo: focus on imaging techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 3:473-486. [PMID: 22287982 DOI: 10.2217/iim.11.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite rapid translation of stem cell therapy into clinical practice, the treatment of cardiovascular disease using embryonic stem cells, adult stem and progenitor cells or induced pluripotent stem cells has not yielded satisfactory results to date. Noninvasive stem cell imaging techniques could provide greater insight into not only the therapeutic benefit, but also the fundamental mechanisms underlying stem cell fate, migration, survival and engraftment in vivo. This information could also assist in the appropriate choice of stem cell type(s), delivery routes and dosing regimes in clinical cardiovascular stem cell trials. Multiple imaging modalities, such as MRI, PET, SPECT and CT, have emerged, offering the ability to localize, monitor and track stem cells in vivo. This article discusses stem cell labeling approaches and highlights the latest cardiac stem cell imaging techniques that may help clinicians, research scientists or other healthcare professionals select the best cellular therapeutics for cardiovascular disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Fu
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Cell tracking in cardiac repair: what to image and how to image. Eur Radiol 2011; 22:189-204. [PMID: 21735069 PMCID: PMC3229694 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-011-2190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapies hold the great promise and interest for cardiac regeneration among scientists, clinicians and patients. However, advancement and distillation of a standard treatment regimen are not yet finalised. Into this breach step recent developments in the imaging biosciences. Thus far, these technical and protocol refinements have played a critical role not only in the evaluation of the recovery of cardiac function but also in providing important insights into the mechanism of action of stem cells. Molecular imaging, in its many forms, has rapidly become a necessary tool for the validation and optimisation of stem cell engrafting strategies in preclinical studies. These include a suite of radionuclide, magnetic resonance and optical imaging strategies to evaluate non-invasively the fate of transplanted cells. In this review, we highlight the state-of-the-art of the various imaging techniques for cardiac stem cell presenting the strengths and limitations of each approach, with a particular focus on clinical applicability.
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Welling MM, Duijvestein M, Signore A, van der Weerd L. In vivo biodistribution of stem cells using molecular nuclear medicine imaging. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:1444-52. [PMID: 21413018 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies on stem cell are rapidly developing since these cells have great therapeutic potential for numerous diseases and has generated much promise as well as confusion due to contradictory results. Major questions in this research field have been raised as to how and in which numbers stem cells home to target tissues after administration, whether the cells engraft and differentiate, and what their long-term fate is. To answer these questions, reliable in vivo tracking techniques are essential. In vivo molecular imaging techniques using magnetic resonance imaging, bioluminescence, and scintigraphy have been applied for this purpose in experimental studies. The aim of this review is to discuss various radiolabeling techniques for early stem cell tracking, the need for validation of viability and performance of the cells after labeling, and the routes of administration in experimental animal models. In addition, we evaluate current problems and directions related to stem cell tracking using radiolabels, including a possible role for their clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mick M Welling
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Laboratories Leiden, Section Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
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Comparison of in leakage from labeled endocardial and epicardial cells: impact on modeling viability of cells to be transplanted into myocardium. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR IMAGING 2011; 2011:472375. [PMID: 21603238 PMCID: PMC3094859 DOI: 10.1155/2011/472375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Previously we proposed a cellular imaging technique to determine the surviving fraction of transplanted cells in vivo. Epicardial kinetics using Indium-111 determined the Debris Impulse Response Function (DIRF) and leakage coefficient parameters. Convolution-based modeling which corrected for these signal contributions indicated that 111In activity was quantitative of cell viability with half-lives within 20 hrs to 37 days. We determine if the 37-day upper limit remains valid for endocardial injections by comparing previous epicardial cell leakage parameter estimates to those for endocardial cells. Methods. Normal canine myocardium was injected (111In-tropolone) epicardially (9 injections) or endocardially (10 injections). Continuous whole body and SPECT scans for 5 hours were acquired with three weekly follow-up imaging sessions up to 20–26 days. Time-activity curves evaluated each injection type. Results. The epicardial and endocardial kinetics were not significantly different (Epi: 1286 ± 253; Endo: 1567 ± 470 hours P = .62).
Conclusion. The original epicardial estimate of leakage kinetics has been validated for use in endocardial injections.
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Mitchell AJ, Sabondjian E, Sykes J, Deans L, Zhu W, Lu X, Feng Q, Prato FS, Wisenberg G. Comparison of initial cell retention and clearance kinetics after subendocardial or subepicardial injections of endothelial progenitor cells in a canine myocardial infarction model. J Nucl Med 2010; 51:413-7. [PMID: 20150266 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.109.069732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Neither intravenous nor intracoronary routes provide targeted stem cell delivery to recently infarcted myocardium in sufficient quantities. Direct routes appear preferable. However, most prior studies have used epicardial injections, which are not practical for routine clinical use. The objective of this study was to compare cell retention and clearance kinetics between a subepicardial and a subendocardial technique. METHODS We evaluated 7 dogs with each technique, using (111)In-tropolone-labeled endothelial progenitor cells and serial SPECT/CT for 15 d after injection. RESULTS In vivo indium imaging demonstrated comparable degrees of retention: 57% +/- 15% for the subepicardial injections and 54% +/- 26% for the subendocardial injections. Clearance half-lives were also similar at 69 +/- 26 and 60 +/- 21 h, respectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that subendocardial injections, clinically more practical, show clearance kinetics comparable to those of subepicardial injections and will facilitate the ultimate clinical use of this treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Mitchell
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
Despite promising preclinical data, the treatment of cardiovascular diseases using embryonic, bone-marrow-derived, and skeletal myoblast stem cells has not yet come to fruition within mainstream clinical practice. Major obstacles in cardiac stem cell investigations include the ability to monitor cell engraftment and survival following implantation within the myocardium. Several cellular imaging modalities, including reporter gene and MRI-based tracking approaches, have emerged that provide the means to identify, localize, and monitor stem cells longitudinally in vivo following implantation. This Review will examine the various cardiac cellular tracking modalities, including the combinatorial use of several probes in multimodality imaging, with a focus on data from the past 5 years.
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