1
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Ristow I, Riedel C, Lenz A, Well L, Adam G, Panuccio G, Kölbel T, Bannas P. Current Imaging Strategies in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2024; 196:52-61. [PMID: 37699431 DOI: 10.1055/a-2119-6448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as a localized dilatation of the abdominal aorta of ≥ 3 cm. With a prevalence of 4-8 %, AAA is one of the most common vascular diseases in Western society. Radiological imaging is an elementary component in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment planning of AAA patients. METHOD This is a narrative review article on preoperative imaging strategies of AAA, incorporating expert opinions based on the current literature and standard-of-care practices from our own center. Examples are provided to illustrate clinical cases from our institution. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Radiological imaging plays a pivotal role in the initial diagnosis and monitoring of patients with AAA. Ultrasound is the mainstay imaging modality for AAA screening and surveillance. Contrast-enhanced CT angiography is currently considered the gold standard for preoperative imaging and image-based treatment planning in AAA repair. New non-contrast MR angiography techniques are robustly applicable and allow precise determination of aortic diameters, which is of critical importance, particularly with regard to current diameter-based surgical treatment guidelines. 3D imaging with multiplanar reformation and automatic centerline positioning enables more accurate assessment of the maximum aortic diameter. Modern imaging techniques such as 4D flow MRI have the potential to further improve individualized risk stratification in patients with AAA. KEY POINTS · Ultrasound is the mainstay imaging modality for AAA screening and monitoring. · Contrast-enhanced CT angiography is the gold standard for preoperative imaging in AAA repair. · Non-contrast MR angiography allows for accurate monitoring of aortic diameters in AAA patients. · Measurement of aortic diameters is more accurate with 3D-CT/MRI compared to ultrasound. · Research seeks new quantitative imaging biomarkers for AAA risk stratification, e. g., using 4D flow MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inka Ristow
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Riedel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Lenz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lennart Well
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Adam
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Panuccio
- German Aortic Center Hamburg, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf University Heart & Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tilo Kölbel
- German Aortic Center Hamburg, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf University Heart & Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bannas
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Jia Y, Li D, Yu J, Jiang W, Liu Y, Li F, Zeng R, Wan Z, Liao X. Angiogenesis in Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection: A Literature Review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:223. [PMID: 39076698 PMCID: PMC11266809 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2408223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection (AA/AD) are critical aortic diseases with a hidden onset and sudden rupture, usually resulting in an inevitable death. Several pro- and anti-angiogenic factors that induce new capillary formation in the existing blood vessels regulate angiogenesis. In addition, aortic disease mainly manifests as the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells of the adventitia vasa vasorum. An increasing number of studies have shown that angiogenesis is a characteristic change that may promote AA/AD occurrence, progression, and rupture. Furthermore, neocapillaries are leaky and highly susceptible to injury by cytotoxic agents, which promote extracellular matrix remodeling, facilitate inflammatory cell infiltration, and release coagulation factors and proteases within the wall. Mechanistically, inflammation, hypoxia, and angiogenic factor signaling play important roles in angiogenesis in AA/AD under the complex interaction of multiple cell types, such as smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and neutrophils. Therefore, based on current evidence, this review aims to discuss the manifestation, pathological role, and underlying mechanisms of angiogenesis involved in AA/AD, providing insights into the prevention and treatment of AA/AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jia
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongze Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Disaster Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 610044 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Disaster Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 610044 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Disaster Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 610044 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanghui Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Wan
- Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Disaster Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 610044 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liao
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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3
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Xia W, Singh N, Goel S, Shi S. Molecular Imaging of Innate Immunity and Immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 198:114865. [PMID: 37182699 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system plays a key role as the first line of defense in various human diseases including cancer, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. In contrast to tissue biopsies and blood biopsies, in vivo imaging of the innate immune system can provide whole body measurements of immune cell location and function and changes in response to disease progression and therapy. Rationally developed molecular imaging strategies can be used in evaluating the status and spatio-temporal distributions of the innate immune cells in near real-time, mapping the biodistribution of novel innate immunotherapies, monitoring their efficacy and potential toxicities, and eventually for stratifying patients that are likely to benefit from these immunotherapies. In this review, we will highlight the current state-of-the-art in noninvasive imaging techniques for preclinical imaging of the innate immune system particularly focusing on cell trafficking, biodistribution, as well as pharmacokinetics and dynamics of promising immunotherapies in cancer and other diseases; discuss the unmet needs and current challenges in integrating imaging modalities and immunology and suggest potential solutions to overcome these barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Xia
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Shreya Goel
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Sixiang Shi
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
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4
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Li C, Liu Z, Yuan G, Liu Y, Wang W. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and PET/CT: From Molecular Mechanisms to Potential Molecular Imaging Targets. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:132. [PMID: 39076752 PMCID: PMC11273052 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2405132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is the most common and critical aortic disease. Bleeding is the most serious complication from a ruptured AAA, which often results in death. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are the only effective means to reduce AAA associated mortality. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) combines functional and anatomical imaging. The expanded application of PET/CT in the medical field could have benefits for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with AAA. This review explores the efficiency of PET/CT in the diagnosis of AAA based on our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of AAA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Li
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine of Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, 999078 Taipa, Macau
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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5
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Manapov F, Eze C, Holzgreve A, Käsmann L, Nieto A, Taugner J, Unterrainer M. PET/CT for Target Delineation of Lung Cancer Before Radiation Therapy. Semin Nucl Med 2022; 52:673-680. [PMID: 35781392 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In clinical routine of patients suffering from lung cancer, radiotherapy/radiation oncology represents one of the therapeutic hallmarks in the multimodal treatment besides or in combination with other local treatments such as surgery, but also systemic treatments such as chemotherapy, tyrosine kinase, and immune check-point inhibitors. Conventional morphological imagings such as CT or MR are commonly used for staging, response assessment, but also for radiotherapy planning. However, advanced imaging techniques such as PET do continuously get increasing access to clinical routine overcoming limitations of standard imaging techniques by visualizing and quantifying molecular processes such as glucose metabolism, which is also of relevance for radiotherapy planning. This review article summarizes the current place of radiotherapy within the treatment regimens of patients with lung cancer and elucidates current concepts of standard morphological imaging for staging and radiotherapy planning. Moreover, the place of PET-based radiotherapy planning in a clinical context is presented and current methodological/technical advances that do comprise a potential role for radiotherapy planning in lung cancer patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhad Manapov
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chukwuka Eze
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrien Holzgreve
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Käsmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Nieto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Taugner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Unterrainer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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6
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Rastogi V, Stefens SJM, Houwaart J, Verhagen HJM, de Bruin JL, van der Pluijm I, Essers J. Molecular Imaging of Aortic Aneurysm and Its Translational Power for Clinical Risk Assessment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:814123. [PMID: 35492343 PMCID: PMC9051391 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.814123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms (AAs) are dilations of the aorta, that are often fatal upon rupture. Diagnostic radiological techniques such as ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) are currently used in clinical practice for early diagnosis as well as clinical follow-up for preemptive surgery of AA and prevention of rupture. However, the contemporary imaging-based risk prediction of aneurysm enlargement or life-threatening aneurysm-rupture remains limited as these are restricted to visual parameters which fail to provide a personalized risk assessment. Therefore, new insights into early diagnostic approaches to detect AA and therefore to prevent aneurysm-rupture are crucial. Multiple new techniques are developed to obtain a more accurate understanding of the biological processes and pathological alterations at a (micro)structural and molecular level of aortic degeneration. Advanced anatomical imaging combined with molecular imaging, such as molecular MRI, or positron emission tomography (PET)/CT provides novel diagnostic approaches for in vivo visualization of targeted biomarkers. This will aid in the understanding of aortic aneurysm disease pathogenesis and insight into the pathways involved, and will thus facilitate early diagnostic analysis of aneurysmal disease. In this study, we reviewed these molecular imaging modalities and their association with aneurysm growth and/or rupture risk and their limitations. Furthermore, we outline recent pre-clinical and clinical developments in molecular imaging of AA and provide future perspectives based on the advancements made within the field. Within the vastness of pre-clinical markers that have been studied in mice, molecular imaging targets such as elastin/collagen, albumin, matrix metalloproteinases and immune cells demonstrate promising results regarding rupture risk assessment within the pre-clinical setting. Subsequently, these markers hold potential as a future diagnosticum of clinical AA assessment. However currently, clinical translation of molecular imaging is still at the onset. Future human trials are required to assess the effectivity of potentially viable molecular markers with various imaging modalities for clinical rupture risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinamr Rastogi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne J. M. Stefens
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Judith Houwaart
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hence J. M. Verhagen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jorg L. de Bruin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ingrid van der Pluijm
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Essers
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jeroen Essers
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7
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Hagemans IM, Wierstra PJ, Steuten K, Molkenboer-Kuenen JDM, van Dalen D, Ter Beest M, van der Schoot JMS, Ilina O, Gotthardt M, Figdor CG, Scheeren FA, Heskamp S, Verdoes M. Multiscale imaging of therapeutic anti-PD-L1 antibody localization using molecularly defined imaging agents. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:64. [PMID: 35109860 PMCID: PMC8811974 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-L1 antibodies have revolutionized cancer treatment, only subgroups of patients show durable responses. Insight in the relation between clinical response, PD-L1 expression and intratumoral localization of PD-L1 therapeutics could improve patient stratification. Therefore, we present the modular synthesis of multimodal antibody-based imaging tools for multiscale imaging of PD-L1 to study intratumoral distribution of PD-L1 therapeutics. RESULTS To introduce imaging modalities, a peptide containing a near-infrared dye (sulfo-Cy5), a chelator (DTPA), an azide, and a sortase-recognition motif was synthesized. This peptide and a non-fluorescent intermediate were used for site-specific functionalization of c-terminally sortaggable mouse IgG1 (mIgG1) and Fab anti-PD-L1. To increase the half-life of the Fab fragment, a 20 kDa PEG chain was attached via strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC). Biodistribution and imaging studies were performed with 111In-labeled constructs in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Comparing our site-specific antibody-conjugates with randomly conjugated antibodies, we found that antibody clone, isotype and method of DTPA conjugation did not change tumor uptake. Furthermore, addition of sulfo-Cy5 did not affect the biodistribution. PEGylated Fab fragment displayed a significantly longer half-life compared to unPEGylated Fab and demonstrated the highest overall tumor uptake of all constructs. PD-L1 in tumors was clearly visualized by SPECT/CT, as well as whole body fluorescence imaging. Immunohistochemistry staining of tumor sections demonstrated that PD-L1 co-localized with the fluorescent and autoradiographic signal. Intratumoral localization of the imaging agent could be determined with cellular resolution using fluorescent microscopy. CONCLUSIONS A set of molecularly defined multimodal antibody-based PD-L1 imaging agents were synthesized and validated for multiscale monitoring of PD-L1 expression and localization. Our modular approach for site-specific functionalization could easily be adapted to other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris M Hagemans
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Wierstra
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kas Steuten
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke D M Molkenboer-Kuenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Duco van Dalen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Ter Beest
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan M S van der Schoot
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Ilina
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Division of Immunotherapy, Oncode Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ferenc A Scheeren
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Heskamp
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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8
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Skotsimara G, Antonopoulos A, Oikonomou E, Papastamos C, Siasos G, Tousoulis D. Aortic Wall Inflammation in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Aneurysms. Inflammation 2022; 45:965-976. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Busch A, Bleichert S, Ibrahim N, Wortmann M, Eckstein HH, Brostjan C, Wagenhäuser MU, Goergen CJ, Maegdefessel L. Translating mouse models of abdominal aortic aneurysm to the translational needs of vascular surgery. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:219-234. [PMID: 34778850 PMCID: PMC8577080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a condition that has considerable socioeconomic impact and an eventual rupture is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Despite decades of research, surgical repair remains the treatment of choice and no medical therapy is currently available. Animal models and, in particular, murine models, of AAA are a vital tool for experimental in vivo research. However, each of the different models has individual limitations and provide only partial mimicry of human disease. This narrative review addresses the translational potential of the available mouse models, highlighting unanswered questions from a clinical perspective. It is based on a thorough presentation of the available literature and more than a decade of personal experience, with most of the available models in experimental and translational AAA research. Results From all the models published, only the four inducible models, namely the angiotensin II model (AngII), the porcine pancreatic elastase perfusion model (PPE), the external periadventitial elastase application (ePPE), and the CaCl2 model have been widely used by different independent research groups. Although the angiotensin II model provides features of dissection and aneurysm formation, the PPE model shows reliable features of human AAA, especially beyond day 7 after induction, but remains technically challenging. The translational value of ePPE as a model and the combination with β-aminopropionitrile to induce rupture and intraluminal thrombus formation is promising, but warrants further mechanistic insights. Finally, the external CaCl2 application is known to produce inflammatory vascular wall thickening. Unmet translational research questions include the origin of AAA development, monitoring aneurysm growth, gender issues, and novel surgical therapies as well as novel nonsurgical therapies. Conclusion New imaging techniques, experimental therapeutic alternatives, and endovascular treatment options provide a plethora of research topics to strengthen the individual features of currently available mouse models, creating the possibility of shedding new light on translational research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Busch
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja Bleichert
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nahla Ibrahim
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Wortmann
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Universitaetsklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus U Wagenhäuser
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
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10
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Gandhi R, Bell M, Bailey M, Tsoumpas C. Prospect of positron emission tomography for abdominal aortic aneurysm risk stratification. J Nucl Cardiol 2021; 28:2272-2282. [PMID: 33977372 PMCID: PMC8648657 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-021-02616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease is characterized by an asymptomatic, permanent, focal dilatation of the abdominal aorta progressing towards rupture, which confers significant mortality. Patient management and surgical decisions rely on aortic diameter measurements via abdominal ultrasound surveillance. However, AAA rupture can occur at small diameters or may never occur at large diameters, implying that anatomical size is not necessarily a sufficient indicator. Molecular imaging may help identify high-risk patients through AAA evaluation independent of aneurysm size, and there is the question of the potential role of positron emission tomography (PET) and emerging role of novel radiotracers for AAA. Therefore, this review summarizes PET studies conducted in the last 10 years and discusses the usefulness of PET radiotracers for AAA risk stratification. The most frequently reported radiotracer was [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose, indicating inflammatory activity and reflecting the biomechanical properties of AAA. Emerging radiotracers include [18F]-labeled sodium fluoride, a calcification marker, [64Cu]DOTA-ECL1i, an indicator of chemokine receptor type 2 expression, and [18F]fluorothymidine, a marker of cell proliferation. For novel radiotracers, preliminary trials in patients are warranted before their widespread clinical implementation. AAA rupture risk is challenging to evaluate; therefore, clinicians may benefit from PET-based risk assessment to guide patient management and surgical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Gandhi
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, 8.49 Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9NL, United Kingdom
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Michael Bell
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, 8.49 Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9NL, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Bailey
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, 8.49 Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9NL, United Kingdom
| | - Charalampos Tsoumpas
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, 8.49 Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9NL, United Kingdom.
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11
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Chomet M, van Dongen GAMS, Vugts DJ. State of the Art in Radiolabeling of Antibodies with Common and Uncommon Radiometals for Preclinical and Clinical Immuno-PET. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1315-1330. [PMID: 33974403 PMCID: PMC8299458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Inert
and stable radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies (mAb),
antibody fragments, or antibody mimetics with radiometals is a prerequisite
for immuno-PET. While radiolabeling is preferably fast, mild, efficient,
and reproducible, especially when applied for human use in a current
Good Manufacturing Practice compliant way, it is crucial that the
obtained radioimmunoconjugate is stable and shows preserved immunoreactivity
and in vivo behavior. Radiometals and chelators have
extensively been evaluated to come to the most ideal radiometal–chelator
pair for each type of antibody derivative. Although PET imaging of
antibodies is a relatively recent tool, applications with 89Zr, 64Cu, and 68Ga have greatly increased in
recent years, especially in the clinical setting, while other less
common radionuclides such as 52Mn, 86Y, 66Ga, and 44Sc, but also 18F as in [18F]AlF are emerging promising candidates for the radiolabeling
of antibodies. This review presents a state of the art overview of
the practical aspects of radiolabeling of antibodies, ranging from
fast kinetic affibodies and nanobodies to slow kinetic intact mAbs.
Herein, we focus on the most common approach which consists of first
modification of the antibody with a chelator, and after eventual storage
of the premodified molecule, radiolabeling as a second step. Other
approaches are possible but have been excluded from this review. The
review includes recent and representative examples from the literature
highlighting which radiometal–chelator–antibody combinations
are the most successful for in vivo application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Chomet
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Guus A M S van Dongen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
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12
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Sier VQ, van der Vorst JR, Quax PHA, de Vries MR, Zonoobi E, Vahrmeijer AL, Dekkers IA, de Geus-Oei LF, Smits AM, Cai W, Sier CFM, Goumans MJTH, Hawinkels LJAC. Endoglin/CD105-Based Imaging of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4804. [PMID: 33946583 PMCID: PMC8124553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging of pathologic lesions can improve efficient detection of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. A shared pathophysiological feature is angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels. Endoglin (CD105) is a coreceptor for ligands of the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) family and is highly expressed on angiogenic endothelial cells. Therefore, endoglin-based imaging has been explored to visualize lesions of the aforementioned diseases. This systematic review highlights the progress in endoglin-based imaging of cancer, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and aortic aneurysm, focusing on positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, and ultrasound imaging. PubMed was searched combining the following subjects and their respective synonyms or relevant subterms: "Endoglin", "Imaging/Image-guided surgery". In total, 59 papers were found eligible to be included: 58 reporting about preclinical animal or in vitro models and one ex vivo study in human organs. In addition to exact data extraction of imaging modality type, tumor or cardiovascular disease model, and tracer (class), outcomes were described via a narrative synthesis. Collectively, the data identify endoglin as a suitable target for intraoperative and diagnostic imaging of the neovasculature in tumors, whereas for cardiovascular diseases, the evidence remains scarce but promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Q. Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (V.Q.S.); (J.R.v.d.V.); (P.H.A.Q.); (M.R.d.V.); (E.Z.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Joost R. van der Vorst
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (V.Q.S.); (J.R.v.d.V.); (P.H.A.Q.); (M.R.d.V.); (E.Z.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Paul H. A. Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (V.Q.S.); (J.R.v.d.V.); (P.H.A.Q.); (M.R.d.V.); (E.Z.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Margreet R. de Vries
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (V.Q.S.); (J.R.v.d.V.); (P.H.A.Q.); (M.R.d.V.); (E.Z.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Elham Zonoobi
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (V.Q.S.); (J.R.v.d.V.); (P.H.A.Q.); (M.R.d.V.); (E.Z.); (A.L.V.)
- Edinburgh Molecular Imaging Ltd. (EMI), Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Alexander L. Vahrmeijer
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (V.Q.S.); (J.R.v.d.V.); (P.H.A.Q.); (M.R.d.V.); (E.Z.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Ilona A. Dekkers
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei
- Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Anke M. Smits
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.M.S.); (M.J.T.H.G.)
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Cornelis F. M. Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (V.Q.S.); (J.R.v.d.V.); (P.H.A.Q.); (M.R.d.V.); (E.Z.); (A.L.V.)
- Percuros B.V., 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie José T. H. Goumans
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.M.S.); (M.J.T.H.G.)
| | - Lukas J. A. C. Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
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13
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Bell M, Gandhi R, Shawer H, Tsoumpas C, Bailey MA. Imaging Biological Pathways in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using Positron Emission Tomography. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1596-1606. [PMID: 33761759 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bell
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Richa Gandhi
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Heba Shawer
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Charalampos Tsoumpas
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Marc A Bailey
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
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14
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Multimodality Imaging of Aortic Disease. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-020-00831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Chakravarty R, Rajeswari A, Shetty P, Jagadeesan KC, Ram R, Jadhav S, Sarma HD, Dash A, Chakraborty S. A simple and robust method for radiochemical separation of no-carrier-added 64Cu produced in a research reactor for radiopharmaceutical preparation. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 165:109341. [PMID: 32745917 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Copper-64 is an excellent theranostic radiometal that is gaining renewed attention of the clinical community in the recent times. In order to meet the increasing demand of this radiometal, we have demonstrated the viability of its production via 64Zn (n,p) 64Cu reaction in a nuclear reactor. A semi-automated radiochemical separation module based on selective extraction of 64Cu as dithizonate complex was developed. The maximum available activity at the end of irradiation was ~ 700 MBq. The overall yield of 64Cu after the separation process was >85% and it could be obtained with ~12 GBq/μg specific activity, >99.9% radionuclidic purity and >98% radiochemical purity. The separated 64Cu could be utilized for preparation of a wide variety of radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubel Chakravarty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Ardhi Rajeswari
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Priyalata Shetty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - K C Jagadeesan
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ramu Ram
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sachin Jadhav
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Haladhar Dev Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Sudipta Chakraborty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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16
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In vivo imaging of TGFβ signalling components using positron emission tomography. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:2258-2272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Liu W, Zhang C, Cao H, Shi D, Zhao S, Liang T, Hou G. Radioimmunoimaging of 125I-labeled anti-CD93 monoclonal antibodies in a xenograft model of non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6413-6422. [PMID: 31819775 PMCID: PMC6896371 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is the most common malignant tumor associated with poor prognosis. Angiogenesis plays a vital role in NSCLC, and could be used in tumor staging and therapy evaluation. CD93 (C1q receptor) is reportedly a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis. In the present study, the efficacy and specificity of a 125I-labeled CD93-specific monoclonal antibody (125I-anti-CD93 mAb) in detecting NSCLC xenografts were analyzed, and the association between CD93 expression and 125I-anti-CD93 mAb uptake by tumors was evaluated. The targeting ability of 125I-anti-CD93 mAb enabled its rapid, continuous and highly specific accumulation in CD93-expressing tumors in vivo. These results revealed the potential applicability of 125I-anti-CD93 mAb for non-invasive imaging diagnosis of CD93-positive NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hui Cao
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Dai Shi
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ting Liang
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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18
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Shi S, Li T, Wen X, Wu SY, Xiong C, Zhao J, Lincha VR, Chow DS, Liu Y, Sood AK, Li C. Copper-64 Labeled PEGylated Exosomes for In Vivo Positron Emission Tomography and Enhanced Tumor Retention. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2675-2683. [PMID: 31560538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes have attracted tremendous attention due to their important role in physiology, pathology, and oncology, as well as promising potential in biomedical applications. Although great efforts have been dedicated to investigating their biological properties and applications as natural cancer drug-delivery systems, the systemic biodistribution of exosomes remains underexplored. In addition, exosome-based drug delivery is inevitably hindered by the robust liver clearance, leading to suboptimal tumor retention and therapeutic efficiency. In this study, we report one of the first examples using in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) for noninvasive monitoring of copper-64 (64Cu)-radiolabeled polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified exosomes, achieving excellent imaging quality and quantitative measurement of blood residence and tumor retention. PEGylation not only endowed exosomes with a superior pharmacokinetic profile and great accumulation in the tumor versus traditionally reported native exosomes but also reduced premature hepatic sequestration and clearance of exosomes, findings that promise enhanced therapeutic delivery efficacy and safety in future studies. More importantly, this study provides important guidelines about surface engineering, radiochemistry, and molecular imaging in obtaining accurate and quantitative biodistribution information on exosomes, which may benefit future exploration in the realm of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixiang Shi
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77054 , United States
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77054 , United States.,Department of Biophysics , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu , Sichuan 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Wen
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77054 , United States.,Molecular Imaging Research Center , The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150001 , P. R. China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology , The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , Heilongjiang 150001 , P. R. China
| | - Sherry Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77230 , United States
| | - Chiyi Xiong
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77054 , United States
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77054 , United States
| | - Victor R Lincha
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77024 , United States
| | - Diana S Chow
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77024 , United States
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Department of Biophysics , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu , Sichuan 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77230 , United States.,Department of Cancer Biology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77054 , United States.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77054 , United States
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas 77054 , United States
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19
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Fu R, Carroll L, Yahioglu G, Aboagye EO, Miller PW. Antibody Fragment and Affibody ImmunoPET Imaging Agents: Radiolabelling Strategies and Applications. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:2466-2478. [PMID: 30246488 PMCID: PMC6587488 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies have long been recognised as potent vectors for carrying diagnostic medical radionuclides, contrast agents and optical probes to diseased tissue for imaging. The area of ImmunoPET combines the use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with antibodies to improve the diagnosis, staging and monitoring of diseases. Recent developments in antibody engineering and PET radiochemistry have led to a new wave of experimental ImmunoPET imaging agents that are based on a range of antibody fragments and affibodies. In contrast to full antibodies, engineered affibody proteins and antibody fragments such as minibodies, diabodies, single-chain variable region fragments (scFvs), and nanobodies are much smaller but retain the essential specificities and affinities of full antibodies in addition to more desirable pharmacokinetics for imaging. Herein, recent key developments in the PET radiolabelling strategies of antibody fragments and related affibody molecules are highlighted, along with the main PET imaging applications of overexpressed antigen-associated tumours and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisi Fu
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonExhibition RoadSouth Kensington, LondonSW7 2AZUK
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College London, Hammersmith CampusDu Cane RoadLondonW12 0NNUK
| | - Laurence Carroll
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College London, Hammersmith CampusDu Cane RoadLondonW12 0NNUK
| | - Gokhan Yahioglu
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonExhibition RoadSouth Kensington, LondonSW7 2AZUK
- Antikor Biopharma Ltd.StevenageSG1 2FXUK
| | - Eric O. Aboagye
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College London, Hammersmith CampusDu Cane RoadLondonW12 0NNUK
| | - Philip W. Miller
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonExhibition RoadSouth Kensington, LondonSW7 2AZUK
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20
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Kim J, Song HC. Role of PET/CT in the Evaluation of Aortic Disease. Chonnam Med J 2018; 54:143-152. [PMID: 30288369 PMCID: PMC6165921 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2018.54.3.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) /computed tomography (CT) has been established as a standard imaging modality in the evaluation of malignancy. Although PET/CT has played a major role in the management of oncology patients, its clinical use has also increased for various disorders other than malignancy. Growing evidence shows that PET/CT images have many advantages in aortic disease as well. This review article addresses the potential role of PET/CT in diseases involving the aorta, emphasizing its usefulness with regard to acute thoracic aortic syndromes, aortic aneurysm, atherosclerotic lesions, aortitis and aortic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahae Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ho-Chun Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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21
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Jing S, He Y, He Y, Wang L, Jia J, Shan X, Liu S, Tang M, Peng Z, Liu X. Imaging Potential Evaluation of Fab Derived from the Anti-EGFRvIII Monoclonal Antibody 4G1. Radiat Res 2018; 190:194-203. [DOI: 10.1667/rr15069.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shen Jing
- Department of Radiological Medicine and Oncology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujia He
- Department of Radiological Medicine and Oncology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanqiong He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Radiological Medicine and Oncology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Jia
- Department of Radiological Medicine and Oncology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaomin Shan
- Forensic Medicine and Biomedical Information Research Room, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiping Peng
- Department of Radiological Medicine and Oncology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xujie Liu
- Department of Radiological Medicine and Oncology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Uehara T, Yokoyama M, Suzuki H, Hanaoka H, Arano Y. A Gallium-67/68–Labeled Antibody Fragment for Immuno-SPECT/PET Shows Low Renal Radioactivity Without Loss of Tumor Uptake. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:3309-3316. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Singh P, Narula J. Molecular Characterization of High-Risk Aortic Aneurysms: Imaging Beyond Anatomy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 71:524-526. [PMID: 29406858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parmanand Singh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.
| | - Jagat Narula
- Division of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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24
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Clinically Relevant Radioactive Dose Formulation of 177
Lu-Labeled Cetuximab-Fab Fragment for Potential Use in Cancer Theranostics. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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The Society for Vascular Surgery practice guidelines on the care of patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2018; 67:2-77.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1150] [Impact Index Per Article: 191.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Gäbel G, Northoff BH, Weinzierl I, Ludwig S, Hinterseher I, Wilfert W, Teupser D, Doderer SA, Bergert H, Schönleben F, Lindeman JHN, Holdt LM. Molecular Fingerprint for Terminal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.006798. [PMID: 29191809 PMCID: PMC5779007 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Clinical decision making in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) relies completely on diameter. At this point, improved decision tools remain an unmet medical need. Our goal was to identify changes at the molecular level specifically leading up to AAA rupture. Methods and Results Aortic wall tissue specimens were collected during open elective (eAAA; n=31) or emergency repair of ruptured AAA (rAAA; n=17), and gene expression was investigated using microarrays. Identified candidate genes were validated with quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction in an independent sample set (eAAA: n=46; rAAA: n=18). Two gene sets were identified, 1 set containing 5 genes linked to terminal progression, that is, positively associated with progression of larger AAA, and with rupture (HILPDA,ANGPTL4,LOX,SRPX2,FCGBP), and a second set containing 5 genes exclusively upregulated in rAAA (ADAMTS9,STC1,GFPT2,GAL3ST4,CCL4L1). Genes in both sets essentially associated with processes related to impaired tissue remodeling, such as angiogenesis and adipogenesis. In gene expression experiments we were able to show that upregulated gene expression for identified candidate genes is unique for AAA. Functionally, the selected upregulated factors converge at processes coordinated by the canonical HIF‐1α signaling pathway and are highly expressed in fibroblasts but not inflammatory cells of the aneurysmatic wall. Histological quantification of angiogenesis and exploration of the HIF‐1α network in rAAA versus eAAA shows enhanced microvessel density but also clear activation of the HIF‐1α network in rAAA. Conclusions Our study shows a specific molecular fingerprint for terminal AAA disease. These changes appear to converge at activation of HIF‐1α signaling in mesenchymal cells. Aspects of this cascade might represent targets for rupture risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Gäbel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany .,Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd H Northoff
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Weinzierl
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Ludwig
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Irene Hinterseher
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wilfert
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Teupser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan A Doderer
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Bergert
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, HELIOS Clinic Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Frank Schönleben
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan H N Lindeman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lesca M Holdt
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Singh P, Almarzooq Z, Salata B, Devereux RB. Role of molecular imaging with positron emission tomographic in aortic aneurysms. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:S333-S342. [PMID: 28540077 PMCID: PMC5422660 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.04.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms (AA) are often asymptomatic before the occurrence of acute, potentially fatal complications including dissection and/or rupture. Beyond aortic size, the ability to assess aortic wall characteristics and processes contributing to aneurysm development may allow improved selection of patients who may benefit from prophylactic surgical intervention. Current risk stratification for aneurysms relies upon routine noninvasive imaging of aortic size without assessing the underlying pathophysiologic processes, including features such as inflammation, which may be associated with aneurysm development and progression. The use of molecular imaging modalities with positron emission tomographic (PET) scan allows characterization of aortic wall inflammatory activity. Elevated uptake of Fuorine-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), a radiotracer with elevated avidity in highly-metabolic cells, has been correlated with the development and progression of both abdominal and thoracic AA in a number of animal models and clinical studies. Other novel PET radiotracers targeting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), mitochondrial translocator proteins (TSPO) and endothelial cell adhesion molecules are being investigated for clinical utility in identifying progression of disease in AA. By further defining the activation of molecular pathways in assessing aortic regions at risk for dilatation, this imaging modality can be integrated into future clinical decision-making models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brian Salata
- Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
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Comparative Evaluation of Anti-HER2 Affibody Molecules Labeled with 64Cu Using NOTA and NODAGA. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:8565802. [PMID: 29097939 PMCID: PMC5612711 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8565802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Imaging using affibody molecules enables discrimination between breast cancer metastases with high and low expression of HER2, making appropriate therapy selection possible. This study aimed to evaluate if the longer half-life of 64Cu (T1/2 = 12.7 h) would make 64Cu a superior nuclide compared to 68Ga for PET imaging of HER2 expression using affibody molecules. The synthetic ZHER2:S1 affibody molecule was conjugated with the chelators NOTA or NODAGA and labeled with 64Cu. The tumor-targeting properties of 64Cu-NOTA-ZHER2:S1 and 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1 were evaluated and compared with the targeting properties of 68Ga-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1 in mice. Both 64Cu-NOTA-ZHER2:S1 and 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1 demonstrated specific targeting of HER2-expressing xenografts. At 2 h after injection of 64Cu-NOTA-ZHER2:S1, 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1, and 68Ga-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1, tumor uptakes did not differ significantly. Renal uptake of 64Cu-labeled conjugates was dramatically reduced at 6 and 24 h after injection. Notably, radioactivity uptake concomitantly increased in blood, lung, liver, spleen, and intestines, which resulted in decreased tumor-to-organ ratios compared to 2 h postinjection. Organ uptake was lower for 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1. The most probable explanation for this biodistribution pattern was the release and redistribution of renal radiometabolites. In conclusion, monoamide derivatives of NOTA and NODAGA may be suboptimal chelators for radiocopper labeling of anti-HER2 affibody molecules and, possibly, other scaffold proteins with high renal uptake.
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29
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Qiu Y. Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene: Emerging Opportunities for Biomedicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793984416420083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
With the rise of graphene, there is growing attention on two-dimensional (2D) materials in the physical science community during the last decade. Most studies to date focus on the rich set of their superior electrical, optical, catalytic and electrochemical properties and highlight the encouraging opportunities for developing next generation electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, and energy storage technologies. On the contrary, the biomedicine community has barely recognized the potential of these materials other than graphene. There are very limited published studies on these materials’ biological effects and biomedical applications. Here, we present a brief overview of 2D materials and discuss their potential for biomedical applications in hope of raising biomedical researchers’ awareness of the great opportunities associated with these materials. We first discuss the emergence of 2D materials and review two most important prerequisites for 2D materials’ biomedical applications, synthesis and biocompatibility. We then categorize the existing studies on 2D materials’ biomedical applications into biosensing, drug/gene delivery, antimicrobial, bioimaging and multimode therapeutic applications. We would put special emphasis on the great flexibility of various rational combinations of 2D material superior properties for the design and construction of assorted forms of reagents or devices with highly effective simultaneous diagnostic and therapeutic functions (or theranostics functions). At last, the newly emerging 2D black phosphorous with very rare and interesting properties is introduced as the next promising and important 2D materials to study in the upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qiu
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States
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30
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Chakravarty R, Chakraborty S, Dash A. 64Cu2+ Ions as PET Probe: An Emerging Paradigm in Molecular Imaging of Cancer. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3601-3612. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rubel Chakravarty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Sudipta Chakraborty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
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Liu B, Kong L, Han K, Hong H, Marcus WD, Chen X, Jeng EK, Alter S, Zhu X, Rubinstein MP, Shi S, Rhode PR, Cai W, Wong HC. A Novel Fusion of ALT-803 (Interleukin (IL)-15 Superagonist) with an Antibody Demonstrates Antigen-specific Antitumor Responses. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23869-23881. [PMID: 27650494 PMCID: PMC5104912 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.733600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-15 and its receptor α (IL-15Rα) are co-expressed on antigen-presenting cells, allowing transpresentation of IL-15 to immune cells bearing IL-2RβγC and stimulation of effector immune responses. We reported previously that the high-affinity interactions between an IL-15 superagonist (IL-15N72D) and the extracellular IL-15Rα sushi domain (IL-15RαSu) could be exploited to create a functional scaffold for the design of multivalent disease-targeted complexes. The IL-15N72D·IL-15RαSuFc complex, also known as ALT-803, is a multimeric complex constructed by fusing IL-15N72D·IL-15RαSu to the Fc domain of IgG1. ALT-803 is an IL-15 superagonist complex that has been developed as a potent antitumor immunotherapeutic agent and is in clinical trials. Here we describe the creation of a novel fusion molecule, 2B8T2M, using the ALT-803 scaffold fused to four single chains of the tumor-targeting monoclonal antibody rituximab. This molecule displays trispecific binding activity through its recognition of the CD20 molecule on tumor cells, stimulation via IL-2RβγC displayed on immune effector cells, and binding to Fcγ receptors on natural killer cells and macrophages. 2B8T2M activates natural killer cells to enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, mediates complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and induces apoptosis of B-lymphoma cells. Compared with rituximab, 2B8T2M exhibits significantly stronger antitumor activity in a xenograft SCID mouse model and depletes B cells in cynomolgus monkeys more efficiently. Thus, ALT-803 can be modified as a functional scaffold for creating multispecific, targeted IL-15-based immunotherapeutic agents and may serve as a novel platform to improve the antitumor activity and clinical efficacy of therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Liu
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025
| | - Lin Kong
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025
| | - Kaiping Han
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025
| | - Hao Hong
- the Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, and
| | | | - Xiaoyue Chen
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025
| | - Emily K Jeng
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025
| | - Sarah Alter
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025
| | - Xiaoyun Zhu
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025
| | - Mark P Rubinstein
- the Departments of Surgery and Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Sixiang Shi
- the Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, and
| | - Peter R Rhode
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025
| | - Weibo Cai
- the Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, and
| | - Hing C Wong
- From the Altor BioScience Corp., Miramar, Florida 33025,
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Im HJ, England CG, Feng L, Graves SA, Hernandez R, Nickles RJ, Liu Z, Lee DS, Cho SY, Cai W. Accelerated Blood Clearance Phenomenon Reduces the Passive Targeting of PEGylated Nanoparticles in Peripheral Arterial Disease. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:17955-63. [PMID: 27340833 PMCID: PMC4959540 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a leading global health concern. Due to limited imaging and therapeutic options, PAD and other ischemia-related diseases may benefit from the use of long circulating nanoparticles as imaging probes and/or drug delivery vehicles. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated nanoparticles have shown shortened circulation half-lives in vivo when injected multiple times into a single subject. This phenomenon has become known as the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) effect. The phenomenon is of concern for clinical translation of nanomaterials as it limits the passive accumulation of nanoparticles in many diseases, yet it has not been evaluated using inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles. Herein, we found that the ABC phenomenon was induced by reinjection of PEGylated long circulating organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles, which significantly reduced the passive targeting of (64)Cu-labeled PEGylated reduced graphene oxide-iron oxide nanoparticles ((64)Cu-RGO-IONP-PEG) in a murine model of PAD. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging was performed at 3, 10, and 17 days postsurgical induction of hindlimb ischemia. At day 3 postsurgery, the nanoparticles displayed a long circulation half-life with enhanced accumulation in the ischemic hindlimb. At days 10 and 17 postsurgery, reinjected mice displayed a short circulation half-life and lower accumulation of the nanoparticles in the ischemic hindlimb, in comparison to the naïve group. Also, reinjected mice showed significantly higher liver uptake than the naïve group, indicating that the nanoparticles experienced higher sequestration by the liver in the reinjected group. Furthermore, photoacoustic (PA) imaging and Prussian blue staining confirmed the enhanced accumulation of the nanoparticles in the liver tissue of reinjected mice. These findings validate the ABC phenomenon using long circulating organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles upon multiple administrations to the same animal, which may provide valuable insight into the future clinical applications of nanoparticles for imaging and treatment of PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Jun Im
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Christopher G. England
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Liangzhu Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Laboratory, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Stephen A. Graves
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Robert J. Nickles
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Laboratory, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Steve Y. Cho
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Corresponding Author: Weibo Cai, Ph.D., Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Room 7137, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA. ; Phone: 608-262-1749; Fax: 608- 265-0614
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England CG, Im HJ, Feng L, Chen F, Graves SA, Hernandez R, Orbay H, Xu C, Cho SY, Nickles RJ, Liu Z, Lee DS, Cai W. Re-assessing the enhanced permeability and retention effect in peripheral arterial disease using radiolabeled long circulating nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2016; 100:101-9. [PMID: 27254470 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
As peripheral arterial disease (PAD) results in muscle ischemia and neovascularization, it has been claimed that nanoparticles can passively accumulate in ischemic tissues through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. At this time, a quantitative evaluation of the passive targeting capabilities of nanoparticles has not been reported in PAD. Using a murine model of hindlimb ischemia, we quantitatively assessed the passive targeting capabilities of (64)Cu-labeled PEGylated reduced graphene oxide - iron oxide nanoparticles ((64)Cu-RGO-IONP-PEG) through the EPR effect using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Serial laser Doppler imaging was performed to monitor changes in blood perfusion upon surgical induction of ischemia. Nanoparticle accumulation was assessed at 3, 10, and 17 days post-surgery and found to be highest at 3 days post-surgery, with the ischemic hindlimb displaying an accumulation of 14.7 ± 0.5% injected dose per gram (%ID/g). Accumulation of (64)Cu-RGO-IONP-PEG was lowest at 17 days post-surgery, with the ischemic hindlimb displaying only 5.1 ± 0.5%ID/g. Furthermore, nanoparticle accumulation was confirmed by photoacoustic imaging (PA). The combination of PET and serial Doppler imaging showed that nanoparticle accumulation in the ischemic hindlimb negatively correlated with blood perfusion. Thus, we quantitatively confirmed that (64)Cu-RGO-IONP-PEG passively accumulated in ischemic tissue via the EPR effect, which is reduced as the perfusion normalizes. As (64)Cu-RGO-IONP-PEG displayed substantial accumulation in the ischemic tissue, this nanoparticle platform may function as a future theranostic agent, providing both imaging and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G England
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hyung-Jun Im
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, South Korea
| | - Liangzhu Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Laboratory, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Stephen A Graves
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hakan Orbay
- Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Steve Y Cho
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Robert J Nickles
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Laboratory, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, South Korea
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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Toczek J, Meadows JL, Sadeghi MM. Novel Molecular Imaging Approaches to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Risk Stratification. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2016; 9:e003023. [PMID: 26763279 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.115.003023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Selection of patients for abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is currently based on aneurysm size, growth rate, and symptoms. Molecular imaging of biological processes associated with aneurysm growth and rupture, for example, inflammation and matrix remodeling, could improve patient risk stratification and lead to a reduction in abdominal aortic aneurysm morbidity and mortality. (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography and ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide magnetic resonance imaging are 2 novel approaches to abdominal aortic aneurysm imaging evaluated in clinical trials. A variety of other tracers, including those that target inflammatory cells and proteolytic enzymes (eg, integrin αvβ3 and matrix metalloproteinases), have proven effective in preclinical models of abdominal aortic aneurysm and show great potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Toczek
- From the Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
| | - Judith L Meadows
- From the Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
| | - Mehran M Sadeghi
- From the Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT.
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Luo H, England CG, Shi S, Graves SA, Hernandez R, Liu B, Theuer CP, Wong HC, Nickles RJ, Cai W. Dual Targeting of Tissue Factor and CD105 for Preclinical PET Imaging of Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:3821-30. [PMID: 27026197 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a highly aggressive cancer, currently treated with limited success and dismal outcomes. New diagnostic and treatment strategies offer the potential to reduce cancer mortality. Developing highly specific noninvasive imaging probes for pancreatic cancer is essential to improving diagnostic accuracy and monitoring therapeutic intervention. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A bispecific heterodimer was synthesized by conjugating an anti-tissue factor (TF) Fab with an anti-CD105 Fab, via the bio-orthogonal "click" reaction between tetrazine (Tz) and trans-cyclooctene (TCO). The heterodimer was labeled with (64)Cu for PET imaging of nude mice bearing BXPC-3 xenograft and orthotopic pancreatic tumors. RESULTS PET imaging of BXPC-3 (TF/CD105(+/+)) xenograft tumors with (64)Cu-labeled heterodimer displayed significantly enhanced tumor uptake (28.8 ± 3.2 %ID/g; n = 4; SD) at 30 hours postinjection, as compared with each of their monospecific Fab tracers (12.5 ± 1.4 and 7.1 ± 2.6 %ID/g; n = 3; SD). In addition, the activity-concentration ratio allowed for effective tumor visualization (tumor/muscle ratio 75.2 ± 9.4 at 30 hours postinjection.; n = 4; SD). Furthermore, (64)Cu-NOTA-heterodimer enabled sensitive detection of orthotopic pancreatic tumor lesions with an uptake of 17.1 ± 4.9 %ID/g at 30 hours postinjection and tumor/muscle ratio of 72.3 ± 46.7. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that dual targeting of TF and CD105 provided synergistic improvements in binding affinity and tumor localization of the heterodimer. Dual-targeted imaging agents of pancreatic and other cancers may assist in diagnosing pancreatic malignancies as well as reliable monitoring of therapeutic response. Clin Cancer Res; 22(15); 3821-30. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Luo
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Sixiang Shi
- Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Stephen A Graves
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bai Liu
- Altor BioSciences, Miramar, Florida
| | | | | | - Robert J Nickles
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin. Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin. Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin.
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36
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Timur UT, van Herwaarden JA, Mihajlovic D, De Jong P, Mali W, Moll FL. (18)F-FDG PET scanning of abdominal aortic aneurysms and correlation with molecular characteristics: a systematic review. EJNMMI Res 2015; 5:76. [PMID: 26695768 PMCID: PMC4688285 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-015-0153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to give an overview of studies investigating the role of fludeoxyglucose F18 (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning in patients with aortic aneurysms with a focus on molecular characteristics of the aneurysm wall. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database were searched for relevant articles. After inclusion and exclusion, we selected 18 relevant articles reporting on 18F-FDG PET scanning of aortic aneurysms. Results The sample size of studies is limited, and there are no standardized imaging protocols and quantification methods. 18F-FDG PET scanning was shown to display molecular characteristics of the aortic wall. Different studies showed contradictory findings of aortic 18F-FDG uptake in aneurysm patients compared to controls. Conclusions Non-invasively determining molecular characteristics of aortic wall weakening might lead to better rupture and growth prediction. This might influence the decision of the surgeon between conservative and surgical treatment of aneurysms. To date, there is conflicted evidence regarding the use of 18F-FDG PET scanning to predict aneurysm rupture and growth. The role of 18F-FDG PET scanning in rupture risk prediction needs to be further investigated, and standardized imaging protocols and quantification methods need to be implemented. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13550-015-0153-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- U T Timur
- Department of Vascular Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands.
| | - J A van Herwaarden
- Department of Vascular Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - D Mihajlovic
- Department of Vascular Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - P De Jong
- Deparment of Radiology, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - W Mali
- Deparment of Radiology, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - F L Moll
- Department of Vascular Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
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