1
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Yamasaki T, Mori W, Ohkubo T, Hiraishi A, Zhang Y, Kurihara Y, Nengaki N, Tashima H, Fujinaga M, Zhang MR. Potential for in vivo visualization of intracellular pH gradient in the brain using PET imaging. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae172. [PMID: 38863573 PMCID: PMC11166174 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular pH is a valuable index for predicting neuronal damage and injury. However, no PET probe is currently available for monitoring intracellular pH in vivo. In this study, we developed a new approach for visualizing the hydrolysis rate of monoacylglycerol lipase, which is widely distributed in neurons and astrocytes throughout the brain. This approach uses PET with the new radioprobe [11C]QST-0837 (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl-3-(1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)azetidine-1-[11C]carboxylate), a covalent inhibitor containing an azetidine carbamate skeleton for monoacylglycerol lipase. The uptake and residence of this new radioprobe depends on the intracellular pH gradient, and we evaluated this with in silico, in vitro and in vivo assessments. Molecular dynamics simulations predicted that because the azetidine carbamate moiety is close to that of water molecules, the compound containing azetidine carbamate would be more easily hydrolyzed following binding to monoacylglycerol lipase than would its analogue containing a piperidine carbamate skeleton. Interestingly, it was difficult for monoacylglycerol lipase to hydrolyze the azetidine carbamate compound under weakly acidic (pH 6) conditions because of a change in the interactions with water molecules on the carbamate moiety of their complex. Subsequently, an in vitro assessment using rat brain homogenate to confirm the molecular dynamics simulation-predicted behaviour of the azetidine carbamate compound showed that [11C]QST-0837 reacted with monoacylglycerol lipase to yield an [11C]complex, which was hydrolyzed to liberate 11CO2 as a final product. Additionally, the 11CO2 liberation rate was slower at lower pH. Finally, to indicate the feasibility of estimating how the hydrolysis rate depends on intracellular pH in vivo, we performed a PET study with [11C]QST-0837 using ischaemic rats. In our proposed in vivo compartment model, the clearance rate of radioactivity from the brain reflected the rate of [11C]QST-0837 hydrolysis (clearance through the production of 11CO2) in the brain, which was lower in a remarkably hypoxic area than in the contralateral region. In conclusion, we indicated the potential for visualization of the intracellular pH gradient in the brain using PET imaging, although some limitations remain. This approach should permit further elucidation of the pathological mechanisms involved under acidic conditions in multiple CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Wakana Mori
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohkubo
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd., Tokyo 141-0031, Japan
| | - Atsuto Hiraishi
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurihara
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd., Tokyo 141-0031, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd., Tokyo 141-0031, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tashima
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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2
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Su Z, Zhang G, Li X, Zhang H. Inverse correlation between Alzheimer's disease and cancer from the perspective of hypoxia. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 131:59-73. [PMID: 37572528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease and cancer remain epidemiologically inversely related, and exploring the reverse pathogenesis is important for our understanding of both. Cognitive dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) might result from the depletion of adaptive reserves in the brain. Energy storage in the brain is limited and is dynamically regulated by neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling. The research on neurodegenerative diseases has been dominated by the neurocentric view that neuronal defects cause the diseases. However, the proposal of the 2-hit vascular hypothesis in AD led us to focus on alterations in the vasculature, especially hypoperfusion. Chronic hypoxia is a feature shared by AD and cancer. It is interesting how contradicting chronic hypoxia's effects on both cancer and AD are. In this article, we discuss the potential links between the 2 diseases' etiology, from comparable upstream circumstances to diametrically opposed downstream effects. We suggest opposing potential mechanisms, including upregulation and downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, the Warburg and reverse-Warburg effects, lactate-mediated intracellular acidic and alkaline conditions, and VDAC1-mediated apoptosis and antiapoptosis, and search for regulators that may be identified as the crossroads between cancer and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Su
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangting Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haining Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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3
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Xiong J, Zhang Z, Ye K. C/EBPβ/AEP Signaling Drives Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1173-1185. [PMID: 36735152 PMCID: PMC10313643 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01025-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. Almost two-thirds of patients with AD are female. The reason for the higher susceptibility to AD onset in women is unclear. However, hormone changes during the menopausal transition are known to be associated with AD. Most recently, we reported that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes AD pathology and enhances cognitive dysfunctions via activating the CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein (C/EBPβ)/asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) pathway. This review summarizes our current understanding of the crucial role of the C/EBPβ/AEP pathway in driving AD pathogenesis by cleaving multiple critical AD players, including APP and Tau, explaining the roles and the mechanisms of FSH in increasing the susceptibility to AD in postmenopausal females. The FSH-C/EBPβ/AEP pathway may serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Shenzhen, 518034, China.
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4
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Mandal M, Banik D, Karak A, Manna SK, Mahapatra AK. Spiropyran-Merocyanine Based Photochromic Fluorescent Probes: Design, Synthesis, and Applications. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36988-37007. [PMID: 36312341 PMCID: PMC9608402 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Due to ever-increasing insights into their fundamental properties and photochromic behaviors, spiropyran derivatives are still a target of interest for researchers. The interswitching ability of this photochrome between the spiropyran (SP) and merocyanine (MC) isoforms under external stimuli (light, cations, anions, pH etc.) with different spectral properties as well as the protonation-deprotonation of its MC form allows researchers to use it suitably in sensing purposes by developing different colorimetric and fluorometric probes. Selective and sensitive recognition can be achieved by little modification of its SP moiety and functional groups. In this review, we emphasize the recent advancements (from 2019 to 2022) of spiropyran-merocyanine based fluorogenic and chromogenic probes for selective detection of various metal ions, anions, neutral analytes, and pH. We precisely explain their design strategies, sensing mechanisms, and biological and environmental applications. This review may accelerate the improvements in designing more advanced probes with innovative applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumi Mandal
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering
Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipanjan Banik
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering
Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Anirban Karak
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering
Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Saikat Kumar Manna
- Department
of Chemistry, Haldia Government College, Debhog, Haldia, Purba Medinipur 721657, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Mahapatra
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering
Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
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5
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Tanwar S, Kim JH, Bulte JWM, Barman I. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering: An emerging tool for sensing cellular function. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1802. [PMID: 35510405 PMCID: PMC9302385 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Continuous long-term intracellular imaging and multiplexed monitoring of biomolecular changes associated with key cellular processes remains a challenge for the scientific community. Recently, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been demonstrated as a powerful spectroscopic tool in the field of biology owing to its significant advantages. Some of these include the ability to provide molecule-specific information with exquisite sensitivity, working with small volumes of precious samples, real-time monitoring, and optimal optical contrast. More importantly, the availability of a large number of novel Raman reporters with narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) of spectral peaks/vibrational modes than conventional fluorophores has created a versatile palette of SERS-based probes that allow targeted multiplex sensing surpassing the detection sensitivity of even fluorescent probes. Due to its nondestructive nature, its applicability has been recognized for biological sensing, molecular imaging, and dynamic monitoring of complex intracellular processes. We critically discuss recent developments in this area with a focus on different applications where SERS has been used for obtaining information that remains elusive for conventional imaging methods. Current reports indicate that SERS has made significant inroads in the field of biology and has the potential to be used for in vivo human applications. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Tanwar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeff W M Bulte
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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6
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Harguindey S, Alfarouk K, Polo Orozco J, Reshkin SJ, Devesa J. Hydrogen Ion Dynamics as the Fundamental Link between Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cancer: Its Application to the Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Diseases with Special Emphasis on Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052454. [PMID: 35269597 PMCID: PMC8910484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pH-related metabolic paradigm has rapidly grown in cancer research and treatment. In this contribution, this recent oncological perspective has been laterally assessed for the first time in order to integrate neurodegeneration within the energetics of the cancer acid-base conceptual frame. At all levels of study (molecular, biochemical, metabolic, and clinical), the intimate nature of both processes appears to consist of opposite mechanisms occurring at the far ends of a physiopathological intracellular pH/extracellular pH (pHi/pHe) spectrum. This wide-ranging original approach now permits an increase in our understanding of these opposite processes, cancer and neurodegeneration, and, as a consequence, allows us to propose new avenues of treatment based upon the intracellular and microenvironmental hydrogen ion dynamics regulating and deregulating the biochemistry and metabolism of both cancer and neural cells. Under the same perspective, the etiopathogenesis and special characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) is an excellent model for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and, utilizing this pioneering approach, we find that MS appears to be a metabolic disease even before an autoimmune one. Furthermore, within this paradigm, several important aspects of MS, from mitochondrial failure to microbiota functional abnormalities, are analyzed in depth. Finally, and for the first time, a new and integrated model of treatment for MS can now be advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Harguindey
- Division of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Biology and Metabolism, 01004 Vitoria, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-629-047-141
| | - Khalid Alfarouk
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11111, Sudan;
| | - Julián Polo Orozco
- Division of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Biology and Metabolism, 01004 Vitoria, Spain;
| | - Stephan J Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Jesús Devesa
- Scientific Direction, Foltra Medical Centre, 15886 Teo, Spain;
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7
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Kraujalis T, Gudaitis L, Kraujaliene L, Snipas M, Palacios-Prado N, Verselis VK. The Amino Terminal Domain and Modulation of Connexin36 Gap Junction Channels by Intracellular Magnesium Ions. Front Physiol 2022; 13:839223. [PMID: 35264979 PMCID: PMC8899287 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.839223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical synapses between neurons in the mammalian CNS are predominantly formed of the connexin36 (Cx36) gap junction (GJ) channel protein. Unique among GJs formed of a number of other members of the Cx gene family, Cx36 GJs possess a high sensitivity to intracellular Mg2+ that can robustly act to modulate the strength of electrical synaptic transmission. Although a putative Mg2+ binding site was previously identified to reside in the aqueous pore in the first extracellular (E1) loop domain, the involvement of the N-terminal (NT) domain in the atypical response of Cx36 GJs to pH was shown to depend on intracellular levels of Mg2+. In this study, we examined the impact of amino acid substitutions in the NT domain on Mg2+ modulation of Cx36 GJs, focusing on positions predicted to line the pore funnel, which constitutes the cytoplasmic entrance of the channel pore. We find that charge substitutions at the 8th, 13th, and 18th positions had pronounced effects on Mg2+ sensitivity, particularly at position 13 at which an A13K substitution completely abolished sensitivity to Mg2+. To assess potential mechanisms of Mg2+ action, we constructed and tested a series of mathematical models that took into account gating of the component hemichannels in a Cx36 GJ channel as well as Mg2+ binding to each hemichannel in open and/or closed states. Simultaneous model fitting of measurements of junctional conductance, gj, and transjunctional Mg2+ fluxes using a fluorescent Mg2+ indicator suggested that the most viable mechanism for Cx36 regulation by Mg2+ entails the binding of Mg2+ to and subsequent stabilization of the closed state in each hemichannel. Reduced permeability to Mg2+ was also evident, particularly for the A13K substitution, but homology modeling of all charge-substituted NT variants showed only a moderate correlation between a reduction in the negative electrostatic potential and a reduction in the permeability to Mg2+ ions. Given the reported role of the E1 domain in Mg2+ binding together with the impact of NT substitutions on gating and the apparent state-dependence of Mg2+ binding, this study suggests that the NT domain can be an integral part of Mg2+ modulation of Cx36 GJs likely through the coupling of conformational changes between NT and E1 domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadas Kraujalis
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Applied Informatics, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
- *Correspondence: Tadas Kraujalis,
| | - Lukas Gudaitis
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lina Kraujaliene
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Snipas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Mathematical Modelling, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nicolás Palacios-Prado
- Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Vytas K. Verselis
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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8
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Jang KB, You MJ, Yang B, Rim C, Kim HJ, Kwon MS. Persistent Acidic Environment Induces Impaired Phagocytosis via ERK in Microglia. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1341-1353. [PMID: 35103911 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acidic environment evoked by stroke, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer's disease may change the functional properties of microglia. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of functional changes in microglia remain unclear. In this study, we found that acidic stimuli (pH 6.8) increased rapidly interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 mRNA levels and subsequently reduced IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, Cx3cr1, and P2ry12 as the exposure time to acidic environment increase in BV2 cells. In addition, persistent acidic environment (pH 6.8 for 6 h) induced impaired phagocytic function in BV2 cells. Short-term acidic exposure (pH 6.8 for 30 min) increased cyclic AMP (cAMP) and phospho-protein kinase A (PKA) but inhibited phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). However, under persistent acidic environment (pH 6.8 for 6 h), cyclic AMP and PKA were normalized and p-ERK was increased with TDAG8 (T cell death associated gene 8; GPR65) reduction. FR 180,204, an ERK inhibitor, rescued the persistent acidic environment-induced functional changes in BV2 cells and its effect was recapitulated in primary neonatal microglia. Thus, we propose that ERK targeting may be an alternative strategy to restore microglial dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS) acidic environment in various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Beom Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung You
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Rim
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Ju Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Banik D, Manna SK, Maiti A, Mahapatra AK. Recent Advancements in Colorimetric and Fluorescent pH Chemosensors: From Design Principles to Applications. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 53:1313-1373. [PMID: 35086371 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2023002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the immense biological significance of pH in diverse living systems, the design, synthesis, and development of pH chemosensors for pH monitoring has been a very active research field in recent times. In this review, we summarize the designing strategies, sensing mechanisms, biological and environmental applications of fluorogenic and chromogenic pH chemosensors of the last three years (2018-2020). We categorized these pH probes into seven types based on their applications, including 1) Cancer cell discriminating pH probes; 2) Lysosome targetable pH probes; 3) Mitochondria targetable pH probes; 4) Golgi body targetable pH probes; 5) Endoplasmic reticulum targetable pH probes; 6) pH probes used in nonspecific cell imaging; and 7) pH probes without cell imaging. All these different categories exhibit diverse applications of pH probes in biological and environmental fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Banik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Saikat Kumar Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Haldia Government College, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, India
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10
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Zhu D, He B, Zhang M, Wan Y, Liu R, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li Y, Gao F. A Multimodal MR Imaging Study of the Effect of Hippocampal Damage on Affective and Cognitive Functions in a Rat Model of Chronic Exposure to a Plateau Environment. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:979-1000. [PMID: 34981302 PMCID: PMC8891211 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to high altitudes above 2500 m above sea level (a.s.l.) can cause cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions. Herein, we sought to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to plateau hypoxia on the hippocampus in a rat model by using voxel-based morphometry, creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer (CrCEST) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging techniques. 58 healthy 4-week-old male rats were randomized into plateau hypoxia rats (H group) as the experimental group and plain rats (P group) as the control group. H group rats were transported from Chengdu (500 m a.s.l.), a city in a plateau located in southwestern China, to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (4250 m a.s.l.), Yushu, China, and then fed for 8 months there, while P group rats were fed in Chengdu (500 m a.s.l.), China. After 8 months of exposure to plateau hypoxia, open-field and elevated plus maze tests revealed that the anxiety-like behavior of the H group rats was more serious than that of the P group rats, and the Morris water maze test revealed impaired spatial memory function in the H group rats. Multimodal MR imaging analysis revealed a decreased volume of the regional gray matter, lower CrCEST contrast and higher transport coefficient Ktrans in the hippocampus compared with the P group rats. Further correlation analysis found associations of quantitative MRI parameters of the hippocampus with the behavioral performance of H group rats. In this study, we validated the viability of using noninvasive multimodal MR imaging techniques to evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to a plateau hypoxic environment on the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyong Zhu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yixuan Wan
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruibin Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Molecular Imaging Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Yunqing Li
- Department of Anatomy and KK Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fabao Gao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Molecular Imaging Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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11
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Wang J, Yu Q, Li XL, Zhao XL, Chen HY, Xu JJ. A Reversible Plasmonic Nanoprobe for Dynamic Imaging of Intracellular pH during Endocytosis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4893-4901. [PMID: 35655891 PMCID: PMC9067569 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01069k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the pH evolution during endocytosis is essential for our comprehension of the fundamental processes of biology as well as effective nanotherapeutic design. Herein, we constructed a plasmonic Au@PANI core-shell...
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Qiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xiang-Ling Li
- College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xue-Li Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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12
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Silverstein TP. The Proton in Biochemistry: Impacts on Bioenergetics, Biophysical Chemistry, and Bioorganic Chemistry. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:764099. [PMID: 34901158 PMCID: PMC8661011 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.764099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The proton is the smallest atomic particle, and in aqueous solution it is the smallest hydrated ion, having only two waters in its first hydration shell. In this article we survey key aspects of the proton in chemistry and biochemistry, starting with the definitions of pH and pK a and their application inside biological cells. This includes an exploration of pH in nanoscale spaces, distinguishing between bulk and interfacial phases. We survey the Eigen and Zundel models of the structure of the hydrated proton, and how these can be used to explain: a) the behavior of protons at the water-hydrophobic interface, and b) the extraordinarily high mobility of protons in bulk water via Grotthuss hopping, and inside proteins via proton wires. Lastly, we survey key aspects of the effect of proton concentration and proton transfer on biochemical reactions including ligand binding and enzyme catalysis, as well as pH effects on biochemical thermodynamics, including the Chemiosmotic Theory. We find, for example, that the spontaneity of ATP hydrolysis at pH ≥ 7 is not due to any inherent property of ATP (or ADP or phosphate), but rather to the low concentration of H+. Additionally, we show that acidification due to fermentation does not derive from the organic acid waste products, but rather from the proton produced by ATP hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd P Silverstein
- Chemistry Department (emeritus), Willamette University, Salem, OR, United States
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13
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Huang J, Lai JHC, Tse KH, Cheng GWY, Liu Y, Chen Z, Han X, Chen L, Xu J, Chan KWY. Deep neural network based CEST and AREX processing: Application in imaging a model of Alzheimer's disease at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 2021; 87:1529-1545. [PMID: 34657318 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To optimize and apply deep neural network based CEST (deepCEST) and apparent exchange dependent-relaxation (deepAREX) for imaging the mouse brain with Alzheimer's disease (AD) at 3T MRI. METHODS CEST and T1 data of central and anterior brain slices of 10 AD mice and 10 age-matched wild type (WT) mice were acquired at a 3T animal MRI scanner. The networks of deepCEST/deepAREX were optimized and trained on the WT data. The CEST/AREX contrasts of AD and WT mice predicted by the networks were analyzed and further validated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS After optimization and training on CEST data of WT mice, deepCEST/deepAREX could rapidly (~1 s) generate precise CEST and AREX results for unseen CEST data of AD mice, indicating the accuracy and generalization of the networks. Significant lower amide weighted (3.5 ppm) signal related to amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) plaque depositions, which was validated by immunohistochemistry results, was detected in both central and anterior brain slices of AD mice compared to WT mice. Decreased magnetization transfer (MT) signal was also found in AD mice especially in the anterior slice. CONCLUSION DeepCEST/deepAREX could rapidly generate accurate CEST/AREX contrasts in animal study. The well-optimized deepCEST/deepAREX have potential for AD differentiation at 3T MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph H C Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Hei Tse
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gerald W Y Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiongqi Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Chen
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiadi Xu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kannie W Y Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong, China.,Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Zhang L, Zhao Q, Jiang Z, Shen J, Wu W, Liu X, Fan Q, Huang W. Recent Progress of SERS Nanoprobe for pH Detecting and Its Application in Biological Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:282. [PMID: 34436084 PMCID: PMC8392648 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As pH value almost affects the function of cells and organisms in all aspects, in biology, biochemical and many other research fields, it is necessary to apply simple, intuitive, sensitive, stable detection of pH and base characteristics inside and outside the cell. Therefore, many research groups have explored the design and application of pH probes based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). In this review article, we discussed the basic theoretical background of explaining the working mechanism of pH SERS sensors, and also briefly described the significance of cell pH measurement, and simply classified and summarized the factors that affected the performance of pH SERS probes. Some applications of pH probes based on surface enhanced Raman scattering in intracellular and extracellular pH imaging and the combination of other analytical detection techniques are described. Finally, the development prospect of this field is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Zhitao Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Jingjing Shen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Weibing Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Xingfen Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Quli Fan
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
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15
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Yang S, Zhan Y, Shou W, Chen L, Lin Z, Guo L. 1,2,4-Triaminobenzene as a Fluorescent Probe for Intracellular pH Imaging and Point-of-Care Ammonia Sensing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6065-6072. [PMID: 35006915 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As one of the health indicators, intracellular pH plays important roles in many processes of cell functions. Abnormal pH changes would result in the occurrence of inflammation, cancer, and other diseases. Thus, it is of significant importance to develop effective techniques for sensitive detection of pH changes for the clinical diagnosis of various diseases related to cells. In this paper, 1,2,4-triaminobenzene hydrochloride was explored as an organic molecular fluorescent probe for sensitive and selective detection of intracellular pH changes for the first time. Due to the protonation and deprotonation of amino groups of the probe, its fluorescent intensity at 599 nm or the ratio of absorbance at 505 and 442 nm has a good linear relationship with pH values in the range of 5.0-7.0. Benefiting from the excellent physical and chemical properties of 1,2,4-triaminobenzene hydrochloride, the fluorescent probe has good water solubility, low toxicity, high photostability, great reversibility, good cell penetration, fast response speed, and so on. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the proposed probe is employed for the fluorescence imaging of cells and mouse tissue sections with satisfactory performance in pH differentiation. Additionally, the probe was successfully employed to prepare test strips as a kind of point-of-care testing device to detect ammonia, which showed great potential in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangting Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350116, China.,College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350116, China
| | - Wen Shou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350116, China.,College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lifen Chen
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350116, China
| | - Longhua Guo
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China
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16
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Chen L, van Zijl PC, Wei Z, Lu H, Duan W, Wong PC, Li T, Xu J. Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroimage 2021; 236:118071. [PMID: 33878375 PMCID: PMC8321389 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) at an early stage brings a lot of benefits including disease management and actions to slow the progression of the disease. Here, we demonstrate that reduced creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer (CrCEST) contrast has the potential to serve as a new biomarker for early detection of AD. The results on wild type (WT) mice and two age-matched AD models, namely tauopathy (Tau) and Aβ amyloidosis (APP), indicated that CrCEST contrasts of the cortex and corpus callosum in the APP and Tau mice were significantly reduced compared to WT counterpart at an early stage (6-7 months) (p < 0.011). Two main causes of the reduced CrCEST contrast, i.e. cerebral pH and creatine concentration, were investigated. From phantom and hypercapnia experiments, CrCEST showed excellent sensitivity to pH variations. From MRS results, the creatine concentration in WT and AD mouse brain was equivalent, which suggests that the reduced CrCEST contrast was dominated by cerebral pH change involved in the progression of AD. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the abnormal cerebral pH in AD mice may relate to neuroinflammation, a known factor that can cause pH reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peter C.M. van Zijl
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wenzhen Duan
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Philip C. Wong
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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17
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Reilley DJ, Wang J, Dokholyan NV, Alexandrova AN. Titr-DMD-A Rapid, Coarse-Grained Quasi-All-Atom Constant pH Molecular Dynamics Framework. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:4538-4549. [PMID: 34165292 PMCID: PMC10662685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The pH-dependence of enzyme fold stability and catalytic activity is a fundamentally dynamic, structural property which is difficult to study. The challenges and expense of investigating dynamic, atomic scale behavior experimentally means that computational methods, particularly constant pH molecular dynamics (CpHMD), are well situated tools for this. However, these methods often struggle with affordable sampling of sufficiently long time scales while also obtaining accurate pKa prediction and verifying the structures they generate. We introduce Titr-DMD, an affordable CpHMD method that combines the quasi-all-atom coarse-grained discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) method for conformational sampling with Propka for pKa prediction, to circumvent these issues. The combination enables rapid sampling on limited computational resources, while simulations are still performed on the atomic scale. We benchmark the method on a set of proteins with experimentally attested pKa and on the pH triggered conformational change in a staphylococcal nuclease mutant, a rare experimental study of such behavior. Our results show Titr-DMD to be an effective and inexpensive method to study pH-coupled protein dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Reilley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Anastassia N Alexandrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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18
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Chin M, Patwardhan AR, Ang KH, Wang AL, Alquezar C, Welch M, Nguyen PT, Grabe M, Molofsky AV, Arkin MR, Kao AW. Genetically Encoded, pH-Sensitive mTFP1 Biosensor for Probing Lysosomal pH. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2168-2180. [PMID: 34102054 PMCID: PMC8240087 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes are important sites for macromolecular degradation, defined by an acidic lumenal pH of ∼4.5. To better understand lysosomal pH, we designed a novel, genetically encoded, fluorescent protein (FP)-based pH biosensor called Fluorescence Indicator REporting pH in Lysosomes (FIRE-pHLy). This biosensor was targeted to lysosomes with lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) and reported lumenal pH between 3.5 and 6.0 with monomeric teal fluorescent protein 1 (mTFP1), a bright cyan pH-sensitive FP variant with a pKa of 4.3. Ratiometric quantification was enabled with cytosolically oriented mCherry using high-content quantitative imaging. We expressed FIRE-pHLy in several cellular models and quantified the alkalinizing response to bafilomycin A1, a specific V-ATPase inhibitor. In summary, we have engineered FIRE-pHLy, a specific, robust, and versatile lysosomal pH biosensor, that has broad applications for investigating pH dynamics in aging- and lysosome-related diseases, as well as in lysosome-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus
Y. Chin
- Memory
and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Small
Molecule Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Anand R. Patwardhan
- Memory
and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Kean-Hooi Ang
- Small
Molecule Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Austin L. Wang
- Memory
and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Carolina Alquezar
- Memory
and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Mackenzie Welch
- Memory
and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Phi T. Nguyen
- Weill
Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Michael Grabe
- Cardiovascular
Research Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Anna V. Molofsky
- Weill
Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Michelle R. Arkin
- Small
Molecule Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Aimee W. Kao
- Memory
and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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19
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Hypoxia, Acidification and Inflammation: Partners in Crime in Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis? IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno1020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Like in other neurodegenerative diseases, protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Differentiating characteristics of PD include the central role of α-synuclein in the aggregation pathology, a distinct vulnerability of the striato-nigral system with the related motor symptoms, as well as specific mitochondrial deficits. Which molecular alterations cause neurodegeneration and drive PD pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we summarize evidence of the involvement of three interdependent factors in PD and suggest that their interplay is likely a trigger and/or aggravator of PD-related neurodegeneration: hypoxia, acidification and inflammation. We aim to integrate the existing knowledge on the well-established role of inflammation and immunity, the emerging interest in the contribution of hypoxic insults and the rather neglected effects of brain acidification in PD pathogenesis. Their tight association as an important aspect of the disease merits detailed investigation. Consequences of related injuries are discussed in the context of aging and the interaction of different brain cell types, in particular with regard to potential consequences on the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. A special focus is put on the identification of current knowledge gaps and we emphasize the importance of related insights from other research fields, such as cancer research and immunometabolism, for neurodegeneration research. The highlighted interplay of hypoxia, acidification and inflammation is likely also of relevance for other neurodegenerative diseases, despite disease-specific biochemical and metabolic alterations.
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20
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Jaworska A, Malek K, Kudelski A. Intracellular pH - Advantages and pitfalls of surface-enhanced Raman scattering and fluorescence microscopy - A review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 251:119410. [PMID: 33465573 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The value of pH in various parts of protoplasm can affect nearly all aspects of cell functions. Therefore, the determination of intracellular acid-base features is required in many areas of biological and biochemical studies. Because of a significant scientific importance of in vivo intracellular pH measurements, various groups carried out such experiments. In this review article we describe intracellular pH measurements using two the most sensitive optical spectroscopies: surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and fluorescence. It is reasonable to present these two techniques in one review article because the experimental approach in Raman and fluorescence experiments is relatively similar. The basic theoretical background explaining the mechanism of operation of fluorescence and SERS sensors are discussed and the motivations to carry out intracellular pH measurements are briefly described. Future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jaworska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kudelski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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21
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Wang YX, Wang DX, Wang J, Du YC, Cui YX, Tang AN, Jiang HX, Kong DM. Reversible assembly/disassembly of DNA frames and applications in logic design, ratiometric sensing and bioimaging. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B: CHEMICAL 2021; 330:129335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.129335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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22
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Zhang H, Tian M, Yang R, He X, Yu X. A general strategy to increase emission shift of two-photon ratiometric pH probes using a reversible intramolecular reaction of spiro-oxazolidine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 246:119035. [PMID: 33049469 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent pH probes have been served as powerful tools in biological and pathological studies in recent years due to the important roles of pH values in various physiological processes. Although plenty of pH probes have been delivered, development of two-photon ratiometric pH probes with large emission shift for detecting the variation of intracellular pH values is still a greatly challenging task. To address this concern, in this work, we have discovered a general strategy designing pH probes by means of a pH-dependent reversible intramolecular reaction of spiro-oxazolidine which can efficiently change their conjugation length and the electronic effect concurrently. To display the generality of the strategy, we have synthesized six pH probes, and all these probes exhibit short emission in basic conditions and dramatically red-shifted emission in acid environments. The emission shift of the six probes is more than 150 nm and even up to 210 nm, much larger than shift of all commercial and reported pH probes. The chemical sensing mechanism of intramolecular ring opening/closing reaction of spiro-oxazolidine has been confirmed with 1H NMR spectra and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Finally, we have used one of six with one- and two-photon properties to successfully image lysosomal pH changes under confocal and two-photon microscopes in a ratiometric manner. We believed that this spiro-oxazolidine strategy can serve as a general and powerful platform for the design of ideal pH probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamiao Zhang
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Minggang Tian
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Xiuquan He
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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23
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Wang H, Yang P, Lu Y, Wang J, Jeon J, Wang Q, Tian JB, Zang B, Yu Y, Zhu MX. Mechanisms of proton inhibition and sensitization of the cation channel TRPV3. J Gen Physiol 2020; 153:211594. [PMID: 33320167 PMCID: PMC7745752 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202012663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPV3 is a temperature-sensitive, nonselective cation channel expressed prominently in skin keratinocytes. TRPV3 plays important roles in hair morphogenesis and maintenance of epidermal barrier function. Gain-of-function mutations of TRPV3 have been found in both humans and rodents and are associated with hair loss, pruritus, and dermatitis. Here, we study the mechanisms of acid regulation of TRPV3 by using site-directed mutagenesis, fluorescent intracellular calcium measurement, and whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniques. We show that, whereas extracellular acid inhibits agonist-induced TRPV3 activation through an aspartate residue (D641) in the selectivity filter, intracellular protons sensitize the channel through cytoplasmic C-terminal glutamate and aspartate residues (E682, E689, and D727). Neutralization of the three C-terminal residues presensitizes the channel to agonist stimulation. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that charge neutralization of the three C-terminal residues stabilized the sensitized channel conformation and enhanced the probability of α-helix formation in the linker between the S6 transmembrane segment and TRP domain. We conclude that acid inhibits TRPV3 function from the extracellular side but facilitates it from the intracellular side. These novel mechanisms of TRPV3 proton sensing can offer new insights into the role of TRPV3 in the regulation of epidermal barrier permeability and skin disorders under conditions of tissue acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Pu Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Yungang Lu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jaepyo Jeon
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Qiaochu Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Jin-Bin Tian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Bin Zang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Yu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
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24
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Target Enzymes Considered for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2010728. [PMID: 33224974 PMCID: PMC7669341 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2010728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Various amyloidogenic proteins have been suggested to be involved in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases (ND) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Particularly, the aggregation of misfolded amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated tau and α-synuclein are linked to the pathogenesis of AD and PD, respectively. In order to care the diseases, multiple small molecules have been developed to regulate the aggregation pathways of these amyloid proteins. In addition to controlling the aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins, maintaining the levels of the proteins in the brain by amyloid degrading enzymes (ADE; neprilysin (NEP), insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), and ADAM10) is also essential to cure AD and PD. Therefore, numerous biological molecules and chemical agents have been investigated as either inducer or inhibitor against the levels and activities of ADE. Although the side effect of enhancing the activity of ADE could occur, the removal of amyloidogenic proteins could result in a relatively good strategy to treat AD and PD. Furthermore, since the causes of ND are diverse, various multifunctional (multitarget) chemical agents have been designed to control the actions of multiple risk factors of ND, including amyloidogenic proteins, metal ions, and reactive oxygen species. Many of them, however, were invented without considerations of regulating ADE levels and actions. Incorporation of previously created molecules with the chemical agents handling ADE could be a promising way to treat AD and PD. This review introduces the ADE and molecules capable of modulating the activity and expression of ADE.
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25
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Pacheco-Liñán PJ, Bravo I, Nueda ML, Albaladejo J, Garzón-Ruiz A. Functionalized CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots for Intracellular pH Measurements by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2106-2117. [PMID: 32551511 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
pH is an important biomarker for many human diseases and great efforts are being made to develop new pH probes for bioimaging and biomedical applications. Here, the use of three different CdSe/ZnS QDs, functionalized with d-penicillamine and small peptides, as pH probes for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is investigated. The fluorescence pH sensitivity of the nanoparticles is analyzed in different experimental media: aqueous solution, synthetic intracellular medium, and mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 and tumoral SK-MEL-2 cell lines. Different experiments along with theoretical calculations are conducted to unravel the mechanisms causing pH sensitivity of the nanoparticles and the effect of the length and composition of the peripheral branches on their photophysical properties. Absolute intracellular pH values measured in live cells with FLIM using a fluorescent probe based on a QD are reported here for the first time (intracellular pH values of 7.0 and 7.1 for C3H10T1/2 and SK-MEL-2 cells, respectively). These fluorescent nanoprobes can also be used to distinguish between different types of cells in cocultures on the basis of their different fluorescence lifetimes in dissimilar intracellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Pacheco-Liñán
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Iván Bravo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina (UCLM-CSIC), C/ Almansa, 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - María L. Nueda
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina (UCLM-CSIC), C/ Almansa, 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - José Albaladejo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Andrés Garzón-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
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26
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Schwartz L, Peres S, Jolicoeur M, da Veiga Moreira J. Cancer and Alzheimer's disease: intracellular pH scales the metabolic disorders. Biogerontology 2020; 21:683-694. [PMID: 32617766 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer have much in common than previously recognized. These pathologies share common risk factors (inflammation and aging), with similar epidemiological and biochemical features such as impaired mitochondria. Metabolic reprogramming occurs during aging and inflammation. We assume that inflammation is directly responsible of the Warburg effect in cancer cells, with a decreased oxidative phosphorylation and a compensatory highthroughput glycolysis (HTG). Similarly, the Warburg effect in cancer is thought to support an alkaline intracellular pH (pHi), a key component of unrelenting cell growth. In the brain, inflammation results in increased secretion of lactate by astrocytes. The increased uptake of lactic acid by neurons results in the inverse Warburg effect, such as seen in AD. The neuronal activity is dampened by a fall of pHi. Pronounced cytosol acidification results in decreased mitochondrial energy yield as well as apoptotic cell death. The link between AD and cancer is reinforced by the fact that treatment aiming at restoring the mitochondrial activity have been experimentally shown to be effective in both diseases. Low carb diet, lipoic acid, and/or methylene blue could then appear promising in both sets of these clinically diverse diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Peres
- LRI, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France.,MaIAGE, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mario Jolicoeur
- Research Laboratory in Applied Metabolic Engineering, Department of Chemical, Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jorgelindo da Veiga Moreira
- Research Laboratory in Applied Metabolic Engineering, Department of Chemical, Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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27
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Zhang N, Shi S, Wang X, Ni W, Yuan X, Duan J, Jia TZ, Yoo B, Ziegler A, Russo JJ, Li W, Zhang S. Direct Sequencing of tRNA by 2D-HELS-AA MS Seq Reveals Its Different Isoforms and Dynamic Base Modifications. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:1464-1472. [PMID: 32364699 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional modifications are intrinsic to RNA structure and function. However, methods to sequence RNA typically require a cDNA intermediate and are either not able to sequence these modifications or are tailored to sequence one specific nucleotide modification only. Interestingly, some of these modifications occur with <100% frequency at their particular sites, and site-specific quantification of their stoichiometries is another challenge. Here, we report a direct method for sequencing tRNAPhe without cDNA by integrating a two-dimensional hydrophobic RNA end-labeling strategy with an anchor-based algorithm in mass spectrometry-based sequencing (2D-HELS-AA MS Seq). The entire tRNAPhe was sequenced and the identity, location, and stoichiometry of all eleven different RNA modifications was determined, five of which were not 100% modified, including a 2'-O-methylated G (Gm) in the wobble anticodon position as well as an N2, N2-dimethylguanosine (m22G), a 7-methylguanosine (m7G), a 1-methyladenosine (m1A), and a wybutosine (Y), suggesting numerous post-transcriptional regulations in tRNA. Two truncated isoforms at the 3'-CCA tail of the tRNAPhe (75 nt with a 3'-CC tail (80% abundance) and 74 nt with a 3'-C tail (3% abundance)) were identified in addition to the full-length 3'-CCA-tailed tRNAPhe (76 nt, 17% abundance). We discovered a new isoform with A-G transitions/editing at the 44 and 45 positions in the tRNAPhe variable loop, and discuss possible mechanisms related to the emergence and functions of the isoforms with these base transitions or editing. Our method revealed new isoforms, base modifications, and RNA editing as well as their stoichiometries in the tRNA that cannot be determined by current cDNA-based methods, opening new opportunities in the field of epitranscriptomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, New York 10023, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Shundi Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xuanting Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Wenhao Ni
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, New York 10023, United States
| | - Xiaohong Yuan
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, New York 10023, United States
| | - Jiachen Duan
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, New York 10023, United States
| | - Tony Z. Jia
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington 98154, United States
| | - Barney Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ashley Ziegler
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, New York 10023, United States
| | - James J. Russo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Wenjia Li
- Department of Computer Science, New York Institute of Technology, New York, New York 10023, United States
| | - Shenglong Zhang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, New York 10023, United States
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28
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Benitez-Martin C, Guadix JA, Pearson JR, Najera F, Perez-Pomares JM, Perez-Inestrosa E. Indolenine-Based Derivatives as Customizable Two-Photon Fluorescent Probes for pH Bioimaging in Living Cells. ACS Sens 2020; 5:1068-1074. [PMID: 32227860 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Novel pH probes based on 2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-3H-indole have been synthesized and characterized. These compounds display excellent "off-on" fluorescence responses to acidic pH especially under two-photon (TP) excitation conditions as well as strong selectivity and sensitivity toward H+. These features are supported by fluorescence quantum yields over 35%, TP cross sections ∼60 GM, and good resistance to photodegradation under acidic conditions. The synthetic versatility of this model allows subcellular targets to be tuned through minor scaffold modifications without affecting its optical characteristics. The effectiveness of the probes' innate photophysical properties and the structural modifications for different pH-related applications are demonstrated in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Benitez-Martin
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Juan A. Guadix
- Departamento de Biologı́a Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - John R. Pearson
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Francisco Najera
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Jose M. Perez-Pomares
- Departamento de Biologı́a Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Perez-Inestrosa
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
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Giordani S, Camisasca A, Maffeis V. Carbon Nano-onions: A Valuable Class of Carbon Nanomaterials in Biomedicine. Curr Med Chem 2020; 26:6915-6929. [PMID: 30474524 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666181126113957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of nanoscale materials is an important area of research as it provides access to materials with unique properties that can be applied to improve quality of life. Multi-layer fullerenes, also known as carbon nano-onions (CNOs) are an exciting class of nanostructures which show great versatility and applicability. They find applications in several fields of technology and biomedicine. This review highlights the potential advantages of CNOs for biomedical applications, which include but are not limited to bioimaging and sensing. Their good biocompatibility renders them promising platforms for the development of novel healthcare devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Giordani
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Adalberto Camisasca
- Nano Carbon Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy
| | - Viviana Maffeis
- Nano Carbon Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy
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30
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Tian Y, Meng L, Zhang Z. What is strain in neurodegenerative diseases? Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:665-676. [PMID: 31531680 PMCID: PMC11105091 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are characterized by the aggregation of misfolded proteins, including Aβ, tau and α-synuclein. It is well recognized that these misfolded proteins are able to self-propagate and spread throughout the nervous system and cause neuronal injury in a way that resembles prion disease. These disease-specific misfolded proteins demonstrate unique features, including the seeding barrier, the conformational memory effect, strain selection and strain evolution, based on the presence of various strains. However, the accurate definition of the term strain remains to be clarified. Here, a clear interpretation is proposed by a retrospective of its history in prion research and the recent progress in neurodegeneration research. Furthermore, the causes contributing to the genesis of various strains are also summarized. Deeper insight into strains helps us to understand the phenomena we observe in this field and it also enlightens us on the elusive mechanisms and management of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lanxia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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31
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Ponto LLB, Magnotta VA, Menda Y, Moser DJ, Oleson JJ, Harlynn EL, DeVries SD, Wemmie JA, Schultz SK. Comparison of T 1Rho MRI, Glucose Metabolism, and Amyloid Burden Across the Cognitive Spectrum: A Pilot Study. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 32:352-361. [PMID: 32283991 PMCID: PMC8717916 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.19100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathological cascades associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have a common element: acidosis. T1rho MRI is a pH-sensitive measure, with higher values associated with greater neuropathological burden. The authors investigated the relationship between T1rho imaging and AD-associated pathologies as determined by available diagnostic imaging techniques. METHODS Twenty-seven participants (men, N=13, women, N=14; ages 55-90) across the cognitive spectrum (healthy control subjects [HCs] with normal cognition, N=17; participants with mild cognitive impairment [MCI], N=7; participants with mild AD, N=3) underwent neuropsychological testing, MRI (T1-weighted and T1rho [spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame]), and positron emission tomography imaging ([11C]Pittsburg compound B for amyloid burden [N=26] and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose for cerebral glucose metabolism [N=12]). The relationships between global T1rho values and neuropsychological, demographic, and imaging measures were explored. RESULTS Global mean and median T1rho were positively associated with age. After controlling for age, higher global T1rho was associated with poorer cognitive function, poorer memory function (immediate and delayed memory scores), higher amyloid burden, and more abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism. Regional T1rho values, when controlling for age, significantly differed between HCs and participants with MCI or AD in select frontal, cingulate, and parietal regions. CONCLUSIONS Higher T1rho values were associated with greater cognitive impairment and pathological burden. T1rho, a biomarker that varies according to a feature common to each cascade rather than one that is unique to a particular pathology, has the potential to serve as a metric of neuropathology, theoretically providing a measure for assessing pathological status and for monitoring the neurodegeneration trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent A. Magnotta
- Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa,Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa
| | - Yusuf Menda
- Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa
| | - David J. Moser
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa
| | - Jacob J. Oleson
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa
| | - Emily L. Harlynn
- Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa
| | - Sean D. DeVries
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa
| | - John A. Wemmie
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa
| | - Susan K. Schultz
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa
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32
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Lunde NN, Bosnjak T, Solberg R, Johansen HT. Mammalian legumain – A lysosomal cysteine protease with extracellular functions? Biochimie 2019; 166:77-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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33
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He S, Yu J, Wang F, Tian L. Well-Optimized Conjugated GO-DNA Nanosystem for Sensitive Ratiometric pH Detection in Live Cells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13745-13752. [PMID: 31584825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular pH is a vital parameter which can reflect the physiological process, and the detection of intracellular pH with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) remains a challenge. Compared to pH biosensors based on a single-wavelength signal, it is much easier to obtain better sensitivity and higher SNR from the biosensors by two-wavelength ratiometric signals. In this study, we used DNA-grafted graphene oxide (GO) to ratiometrically detect intracellular pH ranging from basic to acidic. A high SNR with a 35-fold difference in the ratiometric output has been achieved through careful optimization: (1) A high DNA conjugation yield of 45% has been gained through utilizing the partial double-stranded assembly strategy. (2) Herring sperm DNA (HSD) plays an important role in improving the sensitivity of the nanosystem by purifying and passivating the surface of GO; therefore, the concentration of HSD has been optimized to pursue the most sensitive ratiometric response. Apart from the ultrahigh SNR, fabricated GO-AR-Cy5/IFO-Cy3 exhibited excellent stability and biocompatibility in biological environments. Further experiments demonstrated that the nanosystem worked well in live cells in response to pH changes. It is possible to distinguish small pH differences and realize quantitative detection based on ratiometric fluorescence imaging by laser scanning confocal microscope analysis, which makes the nanosystem a promising candidate for further biological study and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology , 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard , Nanshan District, Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , P. R. China
| | - Jiantao Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology , 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard , Nanshan District, Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , P. R. China
| | - Leilei Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology , 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard , Nanshan District, Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , P. R. China
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34
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Wang J, Liu H, Wu M, Liu X, Sun H, Zheng A. Water-soluble organic probe for pH sensing and imaging. Talanta 2019; 205:120095. [PMID: 31450452 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
pH value is one of the most important parameters, which show significant application in environmental monitoring, chemistry and biology. Abnormal pH values always associate with some serious diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Thus, development of highly sensitive and selective method for pH sensing and imaging is of great importance. In this paper, we synthesized a water-soluble organic probe for pH sensing either through its absorption or through its fluorescent signals. The probe was synthesized from the intermediate containing a phenol group, and the reaction was carried out in concentrated H2SO4 at 90 °C. In this way, the probe can introduce a sulfonic acid group into its structure, and thus improve its water solubility. The synthesized probe is pH-responsive, and the response process is reversible, because that the phenol group in the probe can transfer to deprotonation state with increasing the pH values to improve the intramolecular charge transfer. Meanwhile, the synthesized probe also showed high specificity and excellent biocompatibility, which is suitable for cell imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Fifth People's Hospital, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ming Wu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Aixian Zheng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China.
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35
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Dong B, Du S, Wang C, Fu H, Li Q, Xiao N, Yang J, Xue X, Cai W, Liu D. Reversible Self-Assembly of Nanoprobes in Live Cells for Dynamic Intracellular pH Imaging. ACS NANO 2019; 13:1421-1432. [PMID: 30730703 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly is a powerful tool to organize the elementary molecular units into functional nanostructures, which provide reversible stimulus-responsive systems for a variety of purposes. However, the ability to modulate the reversible self-assembly in live systems remains a great challenge owing to the chemical complexity of intracellular environments, which often damage synthetic assembled superstructures. Herein, we describe a robust reversible self-assembly system that is composed of a hydrophobic gold nanoparticle (AuNP) core and a shell of pH-responsive dye-incorporated block copolymers. The reversible assembly-disassembly processes were precisely controlled through mediating the molecular interactions between the copolymers and AuNPs. More importantly, the major endogenous biospecies such as proteins will not impair the reversible self-assembly, which was supported by free-energy calculations. The reversible pH-responsive nanostructures were employed as "smart" probes for visualizing the subtle dynamic pH changes among different intracellular compartments, facilitating the study of pH influence on biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Dong
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Shuangli Du
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Haohao Fu
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Nannan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Xue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Wensheng Cai
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Dingbin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
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36
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Wang R, Chen P, Shen Z, Lin G, Xiao G, Dai Z, Zhang B, Chen Y, Lai L, Zong X, Li Y, Tang Y, Wu R. Brain Amide Proton Transfer Imaging of Rat With Alzheimer's Disease Using Saturation With Frequency Alternating RF Irradiation Method. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:217. [PMID: 31507405 PMCID: PMC6713910 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits and some proteins play essential roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging, as an imaging modality to detect tissue protein, has shown promising features for the diagnosis of AD disease. In this study, we chose 10 AD model rats as the experimental group and 10 sham-operated rats as the control group. All the rats underwent a Y-maze test before APT image acquisition, using saturation with frequency alternating RF irradiation (APTSAFARI) method on a 7.0 T animal MRI scanner. Compared with the control group, APT (3.5 ppm) values of brain were significantly reduced in AD models (p < 0.002). The APTSAFARI imaging is more significant than APT imaging (p < 0.0001). AD model mice showed spatial learning and memory loss in the Y-maze experiment. In addition, there was significant neuronal loss in the hippocampal CA1 region and cortex compared with sham-operated rats. In conclusion, we demonstrated that APT imaging could potentially provide molecular biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of AD. APTSAFARI MRI could be used as an effective tool to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of AD compared with conventional APT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runrun Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Peidong Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhiwei Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Philips Healthcare, Shantou, China
| | - Guisen Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Zhuozhi Dai
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Bingna Zhang
- Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuanfeng Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaodan Zong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Renhua Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Renhua Wu,
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37
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Schwartz L, Lafitte O, da Veiga Moreira J. Toward a Reasoned Classification of Diseases Using Physico-Chemical Based Phenotypes. Front Physiol 2018. [PMID: 29541031 PMCID: PMC5835834 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diseases and health conditions have been classified according to anatomical site, etiological, and clinical criteria. Physico-chemical mechanisms underlying the biology of diseases, such as the flow of energy through cells and tissues, have been often overlooked in classification systems. Objective: We propose a conceptual framework toward the development of an energy-oriented classification of diseases, based on the principles of physical chemistry. Methods: A review of literature on the physical chemistry of biological interactions in a number of diseases is traced from the point of view of the fluid and solid mechanics, electricity, and chemistry. Results: We found consistent evidence in literature of decreased and/or increased physical and chemical forces intertwined with biological processes of numerous diseases, which allowed the identification of mechanical, electric and chemical phenotypes of diseases. Discussion: Biological mechanisms of diseases need to be evaluated and integrated into more comprehensive theories that should account with principles of physics and chemistry. A hypothetical model is proposed relating the natural history of diseases to mechanical stress, electric field, and chemical equilibria (ATP) changes. The present perspective toward an innovative disease classification may improve drug-repurposing strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivier Lafitte
- LAGA, UMR 7539, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Villetaneuse, France
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38
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Kozlov S, Afonin A, Evsyukov I, Bondarenko A. Alzheimer's disease: as it was in the beginning. Rev Neurosci 2018; 28:825-843. [PMID: 28704198 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Since Alzheimer's disease was first described in 1907, many attempts have been made to reveal its main cause. Nowadays, two forms of the disease are known, and while the hereditary form of the disease is clearly caused by mutations in one of several genes, the etiology of the sporadic form remains a mystery. Both forms share similar sets of neuropathological and molecular manifestations, including extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta, intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, disturbances in both the structure and functions of mitochondria, oxidative stress, metal ion metabolism disorders, impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-related signaling pathways, abnormalities of lipid metabolism, and aberrant cell cycle reentry in some neurons. Such a diversity of symptoms led to proposition of various hypotheses for explaining the development of Alzheimer's disease, the amyloid hypothesis, which postulates the key role of amyloid-beta in Alzheimer's disease development, being the most prominent. However, this hypothesis does not fully explain all of the molecular abnormalities and is therefore heavily criticized. In this review, we propose a hypothetical model of Alzheimer's disease progression, assuming a key role of age-related mitochondrial dysfunction, as was postulated in the mitochondrial cascade hypothesis. Our model explains the connections between all the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, with particular attention to autophagy, metal metabolism disorders, and aberrant cell cycle re-entry in neurons. Progression of the Alzheimer's disease appears to be a complex process involving aging and too many protective mechanisms affecting one another, thereby leading to even greater deleterious effects.
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39
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Zhu Q, Li Z, Mu L, Zeng X, Redshaw C, Wei G. A quinoline-based fluorometric and colorimetric dual-modal pH probe and its application in bioimaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 188:230-236. [PMID: 28715691 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The compound (E)-8-hydroxyl-2-[(E)-2-(2, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)vinyl]-quinoline (1) has been developed as a fluorometric and colorimetric dual-modal probe for pH detection in solution and in vivo. Remarkable changes in the fluorescence intensity with large Stokes shifts and colorimetric responses were observed as a function of pH. The sensing mechanisms involving protonation and deprotonation processes over the acidic and alkaline pH ranges were confirmed by 1H NMR and IR spectroscopic analysis. Furthermore, the application of probe 1 for the imaging of live PC3 cells was successfully achieved. Test strips based on probe 1 were fabricated, and were found to act as a convenient and efficient pH test kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Zhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Lan Mu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
| | - Xi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Gang Wei
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, PO Box 218, NSW 2070, Australia.
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40
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Lewis KT, Naik AR, Laha SS, Wang S, Mao G, Kuhn E, Jena BP. Secretion induces cell pH dynamics impacting assembly-disassembly of the fusion protein complex: A combined fluorescence and atomic force microscopy study. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 73:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Miao Z, Hou W, Liu M, Zhang Y, Yao S. BSA capped bi-functional fluorescent Cu nanoclusters as pH sensor and selective detection of dopamine. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Illustration of the preparation of bi-functional BSA-CuNCs, the pH sensing and the detection of dopamine (DA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Miao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- P. R. China
| | - Wenli Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- P. R. China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- P. R. China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- P. R. China
| | - Shouzhuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- P. R. China
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42
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Palanimuthu D, Poon R, Sahni S, Anjum R, Hibbs D, Lin HY, Bernhardt PV, Kalinowski DS, Richardson DR. A novel class of thiosemicarbazones show multi-functional activity for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:612-632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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43
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Peck MT, Ortega G, De Luca-Johnson JN, Schlessman JL, Robinson AC, García-Moreno E B. Local Backbone Flexibility as a Determinant of the Apparent pKa Values of Buried Ionizable Groups in Proteins. Biochemistry 2017; 56:5338-5346. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith T. Peck
- Department
of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Gabriel Ortega
- Structural
Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park Ed. 800, 48160 Derio, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | | | - Jamie L. Schlessman
- Chemistry
Department, U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, United States
| | - Aaron C. Robinson
- Department
of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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44
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Chandra A, Singh N. Biocompatible Fluorescent Carbon Dots for Ratiometric Intracellular pH Sensing. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Chandra
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas; New Delhi-110016 India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas; New Delhi-110016 India
- Biomedical Engineering Unit; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar; New Delhi-110029 India
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45
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Harguindey S, Stanciu D, Devesa J, Alfarouk K, Cardone RA, Polo Orozco JD, Devesa P, Rauch C, Orive G, Anitua E, Roger S, Reshkin SJ. Cellular acidification as a new approach to cancer treatment and to the understanding and therapeutics of neurodegenerative diseases. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 43:157-179. [PMID: 28193528 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During the last few years, the understanding of the dysregulated hydrogen ion dynamics and reversed proton gradient of cancer cells has resulted in a new and integral pH-centric paradigm in oncology, a translational model embracing from cancer etiopathogenesis to treatment. The abnormalities of intracellular alkalinization along with extracellular acidification of all types of solid tumors and leukemic cells have never been described in any other disease and now appear to be a specific hallmark of malignancy. As a consequence of this intracellular acid-base homeostatic failure, the attempt to induce cellular acidification using proton transport inhibitors and other intracellular acidifiers of different origins is becoming a new therapeutic concept and selective target of cancer treatment, both as a metabolic mediator of apoptosis and in the overcoming of multiple drug resistance (MDR). Importantly, there is increasing data showing that different ion channels contribute to mediate significant aspects of cancer pH regulation and etiopathogenesis. Finally, we discuss the extension of this new pH-centric oncological paradigm into the opposite metabolic and homeostatic acid-base situation found in human neurodegenerative diseases (HNDDs), which opens novel concepts in the prevention and treatment of HNDDs through the utilization of a cohort of neural and non-neural derived hormones and human growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Harguindey
- Institute of Clinical Biology and Metabolism, c) Postas 13, 01004 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Daniel Stanciu
- Institute of Clinical Biology and Metabolism, c) Postas 13, 01004 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jesús Devesa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain and Scientific Director of Foltra Medical Centre, Teo, Spain
| | - Khalid Alfarouk
- Al-Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Pablo Devesa
- Research and Development, Medical Centre Foltra, Teo, Spain
| | - Cyril Rauch
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham,College Road, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Gorka Orive
- Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, SLFPB-EHU, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Eduardo Anitua
- BTI Biotechnology Institute ImasD, S.L. C/Jacinto Quincoces, 39, 01007 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Sébastien Roger
- Inserm UMR1069, University François-Rabelais of Tours,10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, Paris 75231, France
| | - Stephan J Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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46
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Lettieri S, d’Amora M, Camisasca A, Diaspro A, Giordani S. Carbon nano-onions as fluorescent on/off modulated nanoprobes for diagnostics. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:1878-1888. [PMID: 29046835 PMCID: PMC5629398 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Multishell fullerenes, known as carbon nano-onions (CNOs), have emerged as a platform for bioimaging because of their cell-penetration properties and minimal systemic toxicity. Here, we describe the covalent functionalization of CNOs with a π-extended distyryl-substituted boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dye with on/off modulated fluorescence emission activated by an acidic environment. The switching properties are linked to the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) characteristics of the dimethylamino functionalities attached to the BODIPY core. The on/off emission of the fluorescent CNOs is fast and reversible both in solution and in vitro, making this nanomaterial suitable as pH-dependent probes for diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Lettieri
- Nano Carbon Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Livorno 60, 10144, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta d’Amora
- Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Adalberto Camisasca
- Nano Carbon Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Livorno 60, 10144, Turin, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, 16145, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
- NIC@IIT, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genoa, 16163, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genoa, 16145, Italy
| | - Silvia Giordani
- Nano Carbon Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Livorno 60, 10144, Turin, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, via Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
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47
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Webb BA, White KA, Grillo-Hill BK, Schönichen A, Choi C, Barber DL. A Histidine Cluster in the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Na-H Exchanger NHE1 Confers pH-sensitive Phospholipid Binding and Regulates Transporter Activity. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:24096-24104. [PMID: 27650500 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.736215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Na-H exchanger NHE1 contributes to intracellular pH (pHi) homeostasis in normal cells and the constitutively increased pHi in cancer. NHE1 activity is allosterically regulated by intracellular protons, with greater activity at lower pHi However, the molecular mechanism for pH-dependent NHE1 activity remains incompletely resolved. We report that an evolutionarily conserved cluster of histidine residues located in the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain between two phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate binding sites (PI(4,5)P2) of NHE1 confers pH-dependent PI(4,5)P2 binding and regulates NHE1 activity. A GST fusion of the wild type C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of NHE1 showed increased maximum PI(4,5)P2 binding at pH 7.0 compared with pH 7.5. However, pH-sensitive binding is abolished by substitutions of the His-rich cluster to arginine (RXXR3) or alanine (AXXA3), mimicking protonated and neutral histidine residues, respectively, and the RXXR3 mutant had significantly greater PI(4,5)P2 binding than AXXA3. When expressed in cells, NHE1 activity and pHi were significantly increased with NHE1-RXXR3 and decreased with NHE1-AXXA3 compared with wild type NHE1. Additionally, fibroblasts expressing NHE1-RXXR3 had significantly more contractile actin filaments and focal adhesions compared with fibroblasts expressing wild type NHE1, consistent with increased pHi enabling cytoskeletal remodeling. These data identify a molecular mechanism for pH-sensitive PI(4,5)P2 binding regulating NHE1 activity and suggest that the evolutionarily conserved cluster of four histidines in the proximal cytoplasmic domain of NHE1 may constitute a proton modifier site. Moreover, a constitutively activated NHE1-RXXR3 mutant is a new tool that will be useful for studying how increased pHi contributes to cell behaviors, most notably the biology of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A Webb
- From the Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 and
| | - Katharine A White
- From the Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 and
| | - Bree K Grillo-Hill
- From the Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 and
| | - André Schönichen
- From the Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 and
| | - Changhoon Choi
- the Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea 06351
| | - Diane L Barber
- From the Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 and
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48
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Eugenín J, Vecchiola A, Murgas P, Arroyo P, Cornejo F, von Bernhardi R. Expression Pattern of Scavenger Receptors and Amyloid-β Phagocytosis of Astrocytes and Microglia in Culture are Modified by Acidosis: Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 53:857-73. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Eugenín
- Laboratory of Neural Systems, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Vecchiola
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Murgas
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Arroyo
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Cornejo
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rommy von Bernhardi
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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49
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Pistollato F, Sumalla Cano S, Elio I, Masias Vergara M, Giampieri F, Battino M. Associations between Sleep, Cortisol Regulation, and Diet: Possible Implications for the Risk of Alzheimer Disease. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:679-89. [PMID: 27422503 PMCID: PMC4942871 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.011775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of proteinaceous amyloid β plaques and tau oligomers may occur several years before the onset of Alzheimer disease (AD). Under normal circumstances, misfolded proteins get cleared by proteasome degradation, autophagy, and the recently discovered brain glymphatic system, an astroglial-mediated interstitial fluid bulk flow. It has been shown that the activity of the glymphatic system is higher during sleep and disengaged or low during wakefulness. As a consequence, poor sleep quality, which is associated with dementia, might negatively affect glymphatic system activity, thus contributing to amyloid accumulation. The diet is another important factor to consider in the regulation of this complex network. Diets characterized by high intakes of refined sugars, salt, animal-derived proteins and fats and by low intakes of fruit and vegetables are associated with a higher risk of AD and can perturb the circadian modulation of cortisol secretion, which is associated with poor sleep quality. For this reason, diets and nutritional interventions aimed at restoring cortisol concentrations may ease sleep disorders and may facilitate brain clearance, consequentially reducing the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Here, we describe the associations that exist between sleep, cortisol regulation, and diet and their possible implications for the risk of cognitive impairment and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pistollato
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain
| | - Sandra Sumalla Cano
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain;,International Ibero-American University (UNINI), Campeche, Mexico;,Ibero-American University Foundation (FUNIBER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Elio
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain;,International Ibero-American University (UNINI), Campeche, Mexico;,Ibero-American University Foundation (FUNIBER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Masias Vergara
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain;,International Ibero-American University (UNINI), Puerto Rico; and
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain; Department of Specialized Clinical Sciences and Dentistry, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Center for Nutrition and Health, European University of the Atlantic (UEA), Santander, Spain; Department of Specialized Clinical Sciences and Dentistry, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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50
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Nicotine inhibits activation of microglial proton currents via interactions with α7 acetylcholine receptors. J Physiol Sci 2016; 67:235-245. [PMID: 27256075 PMCID: PMC5910455 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alpha 7 subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed in microglia and are involved in the suppression of neuroinflammation. Over the past decade, many reports show beneficial effects of nicotine, though little is known about the mechanism. Here we show that nicotine inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proton (H+) currents and morphological change by using primary cultured microglia. The H+ channel currents were measured by whole-cell patch clamp method under voltage-clamp condition. Increased H+ current in activated microglia was attenuated by blocking NADPH oxidase. The inhibitory effect of nicotine was due to the activation of α7 nAChR, not a direct action on the H+ channels, because the effects of nicotine was cancelled by α7 nAChR antagonists. Neurotoxic effect of LPS-activated microglia due to inflammatory cytokines was also attenuated by pre-treatment of microglia with nicotine. These results suggest that α7 nAChRs in microglia may be a therapeutic target in neuroinflammatory diseases.
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