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Chiba Y, Ito M, Ando Y, Ueda C, Yamashita M, Suto W, Ishizaka S, Torizuka A, Watanabe C, Takenoya F, Hanazaki M, Sakai H. Altered renin-angiotensin system gene expression in airways of antigen-challenged mice: ACE2 downregulation and unexpected increase in angiotensin 1-7. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 316:104137. [PMID: 37595771 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence suggest that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is activated in people with asthma, although its pathophysiological role is unclear. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the major enzyme that converts angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7 (Ang-1-7), and is also known as a receptor of SARS-CoV-2. The current study was conducted to identify the change in RAS-related gene expression in airways of a murine asthma model. METHODS The ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized mice were repeatedly challenged with aerosolized OA to induce asthmatic reaction. Twenty-four hours after the last antigen challenge, the main bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) tissues were isolated. RESULTS The KEGG pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes in our published microarray data revealed a significant change in the RAS pathway in the antigen-challenged mice. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses showed significant increases in the angiotensin II-generating enzymes (Klk1, Klk1b3 and Klk1b8) and a significant decrease in Ace2. Surprisingly, ELISA analyses revealed a significant increase in Ang-1-7 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of the antigen-challenged animals, while no significant change in angiotensin II was observed. Application of Ang-1-7 to the isolated BSMs had no effect on their isometrical tension. CONCLUSION The expression of Ace2 was downregulated in the BSMs of OA-challenged mice, while Klk1, Klk1b3 and Klk1b8 were upregulated. Despite the downregulation of ACE2, the level of its enzymatic product, Ang-1-7, was increased in the inflamed airways, suggesting the existence of an unknown ACE2-independent pathway for Ang-1-7 production. The functional role of Ang-1-7 in the airways remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Chiba
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mana Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ando
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ueda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Yamashita
- Laboratory of Sports Sciences, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Suto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Ishizaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ai Torizuka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chie Watanabe
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fumiko Takenoya
- Laboratory of Sports Sciences, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohiko Hanazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
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Hui Q, Hao Y, Ye F, Pang B, Niu W, Zhang Q. Genetically high angiotensin-converting enzyme concentrations causally increase asthma risk: A meta-analysis using Mendelian randomization. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:941944. [DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.941944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThis meta-analysis aimed to test the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene I/D polymorphism with asthma risk and circulating ACE changes.MethodsPublic literature retrieval, publication selection, and information extraction were completed independently by two investigators. Effect-size values are expressed as odds ratios (ORs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsNineteen studies (2,888 patients and 9,549 controls) fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Overall investigations demonstrated that ACE gene I/D polymorphism was significantly associated with asthma risk under allelic (OR, 95% CI: 1.26, 1.08 to 1.48), homozygous genotypic (1.50, 1.09 to 2.06), and recessive (1.53, 1.24 to 1.89) models with moderate heterogeneity (I2 statistic: 64% to 79%). Subsidiary investigations recorded that race, matched status, asthma diagnosis, sample size, and age possibly accounted for the existence of significant heterogeneity. Relative to carriers with the II genotype, those with the DD genotype, ID genotype, and the combination of DD and ID genotypes had significantly higher concentrations of circulating ACE (WMD: 3.13, 2.07, and 2.83 U/L, respectively, p < 0.05). Adoption of Mendelian randomization analyses revealed that one unit increment in circulating ACE concentrations was found to be significantly associated with a 1.14-fold increased risk of asthma (95% CI: 1.02 to 4.24).ConclusionWe provided strong meta-analytical evidence supporting the causal implication of high circulating ACE concentrations in the development of asthma.
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Shao Z, Jin H, Sun H, Dong C, Xu B, Zhan L. Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to pediatric asthma: A meta-analysis. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2021; 21:1470320320923475. [PMID: 32475208 PMCID: PMC7329185 DOI: 10.1177/1470320320923475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The correlation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with pediatric asthma risk was assessed in this meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and CNKI databases were systematically searched for relevant literature, followed by application of odds ratios (OR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) for determining the strength of relationship. Results: Seven articles with 802 cases and 632 controls fulfilled the inclusion criteria. As a result, the ACE I/D polymorphism was related to elevated pediatric asthma risk (D vs I: OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.59–2.20; dominant model: OR =1.53, 95% CI = 1.28–1.81; recessive model: OR =1.54, 95% CI = 1.28–1.85; DD vs II: OR =2.95, 95% CI = 2.19–3.98; DI vs II: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.78–1.19). Subgroup analysis stratified by race revealed significant interrelation in Asians. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that the ACE I/D polymorphism might be related to the risk of pediatric asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhejiang Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, China
| | - Haili Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhejiang Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhejiang Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, China
| | - Chenxia Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhejiang Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, China
| | - Binbin Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhejiang Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, China
| | - Lu Zhan
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhejiang Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, China
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Krynytska I, Marushchak M, Mykolenko A, Smachylo I, Sopel O, Kucher S. Bronchial Asthma: Genetic Factors Contributing to its Pathogenesis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Researching bronchial asthma (BA)-linked gene polymorphisms can help to clarify heterogeneity of the disease and estimate its severity, which, in turn, will aid in developing an appropriate treatment corresponding to the patient’s unique asthma pathogenesis. The aim of presented review is to analyze the published data on the genetic preconditions of BA and the possible role of different genes polymorphisms in its pathogenesis. We have found that despite the fact that numerous genes are involved in the pathogenesis of BA and their polymorphisms are associated with increased risks for BA, it is important to understand that a combination of factors, both genetic and environmental, triggers BA development and determines its progression. On the other hand, the identification of BA susceptibility genes contributing to asthma pathogenesis and treatment response is the first step toward the development of personalized medicine.
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Hosoki K, Chakraborty A, Sur S. Molecular mechanisms and epidemiology of COVID-19 from an allergist's perspective. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:285-299. [PMID: 32624257 PMCID: PMC7331543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The global pandemic caused by the newly described severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused worldwide suffering and death of unimaginable magnitude from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The virus is transmitted through aerosol droplets, and causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 uses the receptor-binding domain of its spike protein S1 to attach to the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor in lung and airway cells. Binding requires the help of another host protein, transmembrane protease serine S1 member 2. Several factors likely contribute to the efficient transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 has a 10- to 20-fold higher receptor-binding capacity compared with previous pandemic coronaviruses. In addition, because asymptomatic persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 have high viral loads in their nasal secretions, they can silently and efficiently spread the disease. PCR-based tests have emerged as the criterion standard for the diagnosis of infection. Caution must be exercised in interpreting antibody-based tests because they have not yet been validated, and may give a false sense of security of being "immune" to SARS-CoV-2. We discuss how the development of some symptoms in allergic rhinitis can serve as clues for new-onset COVID-19. There are mixed reports that asthma is a risk factor for severe COVID-19, possibly due to differences in asthma endotypes. The rapid spread of COVID-19 has focused the efforts of scientists on repurposing existing Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs that inhibit viral entry, endocytosis, genome assembly, translation, and replication. Numerous clinical trials have been launched to identify effective treatments for COVID-19. Initial data from a placebo-controlled study suggest faster time to recovery in patients on remdesivir; it is now being evaluated in additional controlled studies. As discussed in this review, till effective vaccines and treatments emerge, it is important to understand the scientific rationale of pandemic-mitigation strategies such as wearing facemasks and social distancing, and implement them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koa Hosoki
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Abhijit Chakraborty
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Sanjiv Sur
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
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Niu H, Niu W, Yu T, Dong F, Huang K, Duan R, Qumu S, Lu M, Li Y, Yang T, Wang C. Association of RAGE gene multiple variants with the risk for COPD and asthma in northern Han Chinese. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3220-3237. [PMID: 31141790 PMCID: PMC6555453 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and experimental data have shown that the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is implicated in the pathogenesis of respiratory disorders. In this study, we genotyped five widely-evaluated variants in RAGE gene, aiming to assess their association with the risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma in northern Han Chinese. Genotypes were determined in 105 COPD patients, 242 asthma patients and 527 controls. In single-locus analysis, there was significant difference in the genotype distributions of rs1800624 between COPD patients and controls (p=0.022), and the genotype and allele distributions of rs1800625 differed significantly (p=0.040 and 0.016) between asthma patients and controls. Haplotype analysis revealed that haplotype T-A-G-T (allele order: rs1800625, rs1800624, rs2070600, rs184003) was significantly associated with a reduced COPD risk (OR=0.32, 95% CI: 0.06-0.60), and haplotype T-A-A-G was significantly associated with a reduced asthma risk (OR=0.19, 95% CI: 0.04-0.96). Further haplotype-phenotype analysis showed that high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen were significant mediators for COPD (psim=0.041, 0.043 and 0.030, respectively), and total cholesterol was a significant mediator for asthma (psim=0.009). Taken together, our findings indicate that RAGE gene is a promising candidate for COPD and asthma, and importantly both disorders are genetically heterogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Niu
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Feng Dong
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruirui Duan
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shiwei Qumu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Minya Lu
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.,Clinical Diagnosis Department of Respiratory Diseases Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.,Clinical Diagnosis Department of Respiratory Diseases Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
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Huo Y, Zhang HY. Genetic Mechanisms of Asthma and the Implications for Drug Repositioning. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9050237. [PMID: 29751569 PMCID: PMC5977177 DOI: 10.3390/genes9050237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease that is caused by airway inflammation. The main features of asthma are airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and reversible airway obstruction. The disease is mainly managed using drug therapy. The current asthma drug treatments are divided into two categories, namely, anti-inflammatory drugs and bronchodilators. However, disease control in asthma patients is not very efficient because the pathogenesis of asthma is complicated, inducing factors that are varied, such as the differences between individual patients. In this paper, we delineate the genetic mechanisms of asthma, and present asthma-susceptible genes and genetic pharmacology in an attempt to find a diagnosis, early prevention, and treatment methods for asthma. Finally, we reposition some clinical drugs for asthma therapy, based on asthma genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Huo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Saba N, Yusuf O, Rehman S, Munir S, Ahmad S, Mansoor A, Raja GK. An angiotensin I-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with Pakistani asthmatic cases and controls. J Biosci 2017; 41:439-44. [PMID: 27581935 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-016-9617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease due to inflammation of the airways of lungs that is clinically characterized by variable symptoms including wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a major role in fibrous tissue formation and is highly expressed in lungs. The main aim of this research work was to study the role of ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, rs4646994, in asthma in Pakistani patients. A total of 854 subjects, including 333 asthma patients and 521 ethnically matched controls, were studied. The ACE (I/D) polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Chi-square, Fisher's exact and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests were used to compare groups. Homozygous insertion genotype II (p less than 0.0001, OR=3.38) and insertion allele (I) was significantly more frequent in Pakistani asthmatics than in healthy controls (p=0.0007, OR=1.40). The ID genotype (p less than 0.0001, OR=0.43) and the deletion allele (D) were associated with protection of disease in Pakistani patients (p=0.0007, OR=0.71). These data suggest the involvement of ACE I/D polymorphism in asthma risk in the Pakistani population. This marker may be an important indication in the molecular mechanism of asthma and can become a useful tool in risk assessment and help in designing strategy to combat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Saba
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan,
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Grzela K, Litwiniuk M, Zagorska W, Grzela T. Airway Remodeling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma: the Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 64:47-55. [PMID: 26123447 PMCID: PMC4713715 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-015-0345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are both associated with airflow restriction and progressive remodeling, which affect the respiratory tract. Among various biological factors involved in the pathomechanisms of both diseases, proteolytic enzymes--matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)--play an important role, especially MMP-9. In this review, the authors discuss the current topics of research concerning the possible role of MMP-9 in both mentioned diseases. They include the analysis of protein levels, nucleotide polymorphisms of MMP-9 gene and their possible correlation with asthma and COPD. Finally, the authors refer to the studies on MMP-9 inhibition as a new perspective for increasing the effectiveness of treatment in asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Grzela
- Department of Paediatrics, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Litwiniuk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
- Potgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioletta Zagorska
- Department of Paediatrics, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Grzela
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland.
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Deyati A, Sanam RD, Guggilla SR, Pidugu VR, Novac N. Molecular biomarkers in clinical development: what could we learn from the clinical trial registry? Per Med 2014; 11:381-393. [DOI: 10.2217/pme.14.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Objective of this research is to assess whether the trend of stratified medicine widely discussed in scientific literature is translated into real clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov . Methods: By semi-automatic screening of over 150,000 trials, we filtered trials with stratified biomarker to analyze their therapeutic focus, major drivers and elucidated the impact of stratified biomarker programs on trial duration and completion. Results: >5% of trials are using molecular biomarker for stratification; duration of such trials is longer. 21% of them are done in late stages and Oncology is the major focus. Conclusion: Trials with stratified biomarker in drug development has quadrupled in last decade but represents a small part of all interventional trials reflecting multiple co-developmental challenges of therapeutic compounds and companion diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Deyati
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Natalia Novac
- Merck Serono, 250 Frankfurter Strasse, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
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Vascular endothelial growth factor -634G/C and vascular endothelial growth factor -2578C/A polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: a case-control study and meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1805-11. [PMID: 24146275 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major regulator of angiogenesis in the process of tumor growth and metastasis. In present study, we conducted a case-control study and meta-analysis to evaluate the genetic effects of VEGF -634G/C and VEGF -2578C/A polymorphisms and risk of lung cancer. A total of 175 subjects were recruited for case-control study and seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our case-control study showed that VEGF -634G/C polymorphism had no association with lung cancer risk (CC vs. GG: OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.37-2.11), whereas there was an association between VEGF -2578CC genotype and decrease in lung cancer risk (CC vs. CA/AA OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.28-0.96). A meta-analysis was further performed and statistically similar results were obtained (CC vs. GG: OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.60-1.39 for VEGF -634; CC vs. AA: OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.32-0.89 for VEGF -2578). Our study showed that the variant genotypes of the VEGF -2578C/A polymorphism, but not the VEGF -634G/C polymorphism, was associated with lung cancer risk. More studies are needed to detect VEGF -634G/C and VEGF -2578 polymorphisms and their association with lung cancer in different ethnic populations incorporated with environmental exposures.
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Polymorphism of VEGF-460C/T associated with the risk and clinical characteristics of lung cancer in Chinese population. Med Oncol 2013; 30:410. [PMID: 23288726 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-012-0410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major regulator of angiogenesis in the process of tumor growth and metastasis. Different VEGF gene polymorphisms have been shown to result in different VEGF protein expression in cancer cells and tumor angiogenic activity. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the genetic effects of VEGF-460C/T polymorphism on the development of lung cancer. One hundred and twenty-six lung cancer patients and 160 sex-, age-, and ethnic-matched healthy controls were recruited for this study. The genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by logistic regression analysis. Our study showed that the TT genotype was associated with increased lung cancer risk than those with the CC (OR = 1.99, 95 % CI 1.05-3.77) or CT/CC (OR = 1.89, 95 % CI 1.17-3.06) genotype. Moreover, it was observed that the TT genotype associated with the advanced stage among lung cancer patients (TT vs. CC: OR = 3.09, 95 % CI 1.10-8.66). More studies are needed to detect VEGF-460C/T polymorphism and its association with lung cancer in different ethnic populations incorporated with environmental exposures.
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