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Ozbey AC, Keemink J, Wagner B, Pugliano A, Krähenbühl S, Annaert P, Fowler S, Parrott N, Umehara K. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Predict the Impact of Liver Cirrhosis on Glucuronidation via UGT1A4 and UGT2B7/2B4-A Case Study with Midazolam. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:614-625. [PMID: 38653501 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic impairment, due to liver cirrhosis, decreases the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs). The use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to predict this effect for CYP substrates has been well-established, but the effect of cirrhosis on uridine-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) activities is less studied and few PBPK models have been reported. UGT enzymes are involved in primary N-glucuronidation of midazolam and glucuronidation of 1'-OH-midazolam following CYP3A hydroxylation. In this study, Simcyp was used to establish PBPK models for midazolam, its primary metabolites midazolam-N-glucuronide (UGT1A4) and 1'-OH midazolam (CYP3A4/3A5), and the secondary metabolite 1'-OH-midazolam-O-glucuronide (UGT2B7/2B4), allowing to simulate the impact of liver cirrhosis on the primary and secondary glucuronidation of midazolam. The model was verified in noncirrhotic subjects before extrapolation to cirrhotic patients of Child-Pugh (CP) classes A, B, and C. Our model successfully predicted the exposures of midazolam and its metabolites in noncirrhotic and cirrhotic patients, with 86% of observed plasma concentrations within 5th-95th percentiles of predictions and observed geometrical mean of area under the plasma concentration curve between 0 hours to infinity and maximal plasma concentration within 0.7- to 1.43-fold of predictions. The simulated metabolic ratio defined as the ratio of the glucuronide metabolite AUC over the parent compound AUC (AUCglucuronide/AUCparent, metabolic ratio [MR]), was calculated for midazolam-N-glucuronide to midazolam (indicative of UGT1A4 activity) and decreased by 40% (CP A), 48% (CP B), and 75% (CP C). For 1'-OH-midazolam-O-glucuronide to 1'-OH-midazolam, the MR (indicative of UGT2B7/2B4 activity) dropped by 35% (CP A), 51% (CP B), and 64% (CP C). These predicted MRs were corroborated by the observed data. This work thus increases confidence in Simcyp predictions of the effect of liver cirrhosis on the pharmacokinetics of UGT1A4 and UGT2B7/UGT2B4 substrates. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This article presents a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for midazolam and its metabolites and verifies the accurate simulation of pharmacokinetic profiles when using the Simcyp hepatic impairment population models. Exposure changes of midazolam-N-glucuronide and 1'-OH-midazolam-O-glucuronide reflect the impact of decreases in UGT1A4 and UGT2B7/2B4 glucuronidation activity in cirrhotic patients. The approach used in this study may be extended to verify the modeling of other uridine glucuronosyltransferase enzymes affected by liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustos C Ozbey
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janneke Keemink
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bjoern Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Pugliano
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Krähenbühl
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pieter Annaert
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Fowler
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Neil Parrott
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kenichi Umehara
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland (A.C.O., J.K., B.W., A.P., S.F., N.P., K.U.); Drug Delivery and Disposition Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (A.C.O., A.P., P.A.); BioNotus GCV, Niel, Belgium (P.A.); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (S.K.); Department of Clinical Research (S.K.) and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.K.), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Bi Z, Zhang W, Yan X. Anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of icariin and icaritin. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113180. [PMID: 35676785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and immunity dysregulation have received widespread attention in recent years due to their occurrence in the pathophysiology of many conditions. In this regard, several pharmacological studies have been conducted aiming to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of phytochemicals. Epimedium, a traditional Chinese medicine, is often used as a tonic, aphrodisiac, and anti-rheumatic agent. Icariin (ICA) is the main active ingredient of Epimedium and is, once ingested, mainly metabolized into Icaritin (ICT). Data from in vitro and in vivo studies suggested that ICA and its metabolite (ICT) regulated the functions and activation of immune cells, modulated the release of inflammatory factors, and restored aberrant signaling pathways. ICA and ICT were also involved in anti-inflammatory and immune responses in several diseases, including multiple sclerosis, asthma, atherosclerosis, lupus nephritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. Yet, data showed that ICA and ICT exhibited similar but not identical pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, based on their higher solubility and bioavailability, as well as trends indicating that single-ingredient compounds offer broader and safer therapeutic capabilities, ICA and ICT delivery systems and treatment represent interesting avenues with promising clinical applications. In this study, we reviewed the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms, as well as the pharmacokinetic properties of ICA and its metabolite ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyang Bi
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pneumology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- Department of Health Care, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Xie J, Sun Y, Cao Y, Han L, Li Y, Ding B, Gao C, Hao P, Jin X, Chang Y, Song J, Yin D, Ding J. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Growth and Development Advantages of Triploid Apostichopus japonicus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:151-162. [PMID: 35122573 PMCID: PMC8940865 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polyploid breeding is widely used in aquaculture as an important area of new research. We have previously grown Apostichopus japonicus triploids with a growth advantage. The body length, body weight, and aestivation time of triploid and diploid A. japonicus were measured in this study, and the transcriptome and metabolome were used to examine the growth advantage of triploids A. japonicus. The results showed that the proportion of triploid A. japonicus with a body length of 6-12 cm and 12-18 cm was significantly higher than that of diploid A. japonicus, and triploid A. japonicus had a shorter aestivation time (39 days) than diploid (63 days). We discovered 3296 differentially expressed genes (DEGs); 13 DEGs (for example, cyclin-dependent kinase 2) related to growth advantage, immune regulation, and energy storage were screened as potential candidates. According to Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, DEGs were significantly enriched in the cytoplasm (cellular component), ATP binding process (molecular function), oxidation-reduction process (biological process), and other pathways. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment data, DEGs were significantly enriched in ribosome production and other areas. We discovered 414 significant differential metabolites (SDMs), with 11 important SDMs (for example, nocodazole) linked to a growth advantage. SDMs are significantly enriched in metabolic pathways, as well as other pathways, according to the KEGG enrichment results. According to a combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis, 6 DEGs have regulatory relationships with 11 SDMs, which act on 11 metabolic pathways together. Our results further enrich the biological data of triploid A. japonicus and provide useful resources for genetic improvement of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Yue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Lingshu Han
- Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 315211
| | - Yuanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Beichen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Chuang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Pengfei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Yaqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Jian Song
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Donghong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023
| | - Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, North China's Sea, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, 116023.
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Xu L, Zheng R, Xie P, Guo Q, Ji H, Li T. Dysregulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in CCl 4 induced liver injury rats. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 325:109115. [PMID: 32380060 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are a family of phase II drug metabolizing enzymes that catalyze glucuronidation of numerous endogenous and exogenous substrates. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is widely used to develop liver injuries mimicking human liver diseases. However, effects of CCl4 on the expression and activities of UGTs and the mechanism have not been fully elucidated. The present study aims to elucidate the dysregulation patterns of major UGTs induced by CCl4. Biochemical and histopathological results showed that CCl4 exerted hepatotoxicity in rats. The mRNA levels of UGTs were all significantly reduced in acute liver injury rats. However, mRNA levels of UGT1A1, 1A6, 2B1 and 2B2 were up-regulated while the UGT2B3, 2B6 and 2B12 levels were reduced in chronic CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats. The protein expression of UGT1A1, 1A6 and 2B were decreased in acute liver injury rats. UGT1A1 and 1A6 proteins were increased, whereas UGT2B protein was reduced in liver fibrosis rats. In addition, CCl4 inhibited the enzyme activities of UGTs in rats. Moreover, the dysregulation of UGTs was accompanied by the decreased mRNA expression of Nrf2, CAR, FXR, PXR, PPAR-α and their corresponding target genes, except for Nrf2, HO-1, AhR and CYP1A1 in liver fibrosis rats. These findings suggest that dysregulation of UGTs under CCl4 exposure is isoform-specific, which could have a complex impact on drug efficacy and endogenous metabolism. Different exposure durations of CCl4 (single vs multiple doses) could have differential effects on rat hepatic UGTs expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Xu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Rongyao Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Hui Ji
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Fujino C, Watanabe Y, Sanoh S, Hattori S, Nakajima H, Uramaru N, Kojima H, Yoshinari K, Ohta S, Kitamura S. Comparative study of the effect of 17 parabens on PXR-, CAR- and PPARα-mediated transcriptional activation. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110792. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Fujino C, Watanabe Y, Sanoh S, Nakajima H, Uramaru N, Kojima H, Yoshinari K, Ohta S, Kitamura S. Activation of PXR, CAR and PPARα by pyrethroid pesticides and the effect of metabolism by rat liver microsomes. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02466. [PMID: 31538121 PMCID: PMC6745485 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used reporter gene assays in COS-1 cells to examine the activation of rat pregnane X receptor (PXR), rat constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and rat peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)α by pyrethroid pesticides, and to understand the effects of metabolic modification on their activities. All eight pyrethroids tested in this study showed rat PXR agonistic activity; deltamethrin was the most potent, followed by cis-permethrin and cypermethrin. However, when the pyrethroids were incubated with rat liver microsomes, their rat PXR activities were decreased to various extents. Cis- and trans-permethrin showed weak rat CAR agonistic activity, while the other pyrethroids were inactive. However, fenvalerate showed dose-dependent inverse agonistic activity toward rat CAR, and this activity was reduced after metabolism. None of the pyrethroids showed rat PPARα agonistic activity, but a metabolite of cis-/trans-permethrin and phenothrin, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, activated rat PPARα. Since PXR, CAR and PPARα regulate various xenobiotic/endobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, activation of these receptors by pyrethroids may result in endocrine disruption due to changes of hormone-metabolizing activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieri Fujino
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.,Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Komuro 10281, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Yoko Watanabe
- Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Komuro 10281, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki, Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Naoto Uramaru
- Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Komuro 10281, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kojima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.,Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Kita-19, Nishi-12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan
| | - Kouichi Yoshinari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.,Wakayama Medical University; 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Kitamura
- Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Komuro 10281, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
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Watanabe Y, Hattori S, Fujino C, Tachibana K, Kojima H, Yoshinari K, Kitamura S. Effects of benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers on rat PXR, CAR and PPARα transcriptional activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2131/fts.6.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chieri Fujino
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Ken Tachibana
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University
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Bhatt DK, Mehrotra A, Gaedigk A, Chapa R, Basit A, Zhang H, Choudhari P, Boberg M, Pearce RE, Gaedigk R, Broeckel U, Leeder JS, Prasad B. Age- and Genotype-Dependent Variability in the Protein Abundance and Activity of Six Major Uridine Diphosphate-Glucuronosyltransferases in Human Liver. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 105:131-141. [PMID: 29737521 PMCID: PMC6222000 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ontogeny of hepatic uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) was investigated by determining their protein abundance in human liver microsomes isolated from 136 pediatric (0-18 years) and 35 adult (age >18 years) donors using liquid chromatography / tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomics. Microsomal protein abundances of UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT2B7, and UGT2B15 increased by ∼8, 55, 35, 33, 8, and 3-fold from neonates to adults, respectively. The estimated age at which 50% of the adult protein abundance is observed for these UGT isoforms was between 2.6-10.3 years. Measured in vitro activity was generally consistent with the protein data. UGT1A1 protein abundance was associated with multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms exhibiting noticeable ontogeny-genotype interplay. UGT2B15 rs1902023 (*2) was associated with decreased protein activity without any change in protein abundance. Taken together, these data are invaluable to facilitate the prediction of drug disposition in children using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling as demonstrated here for zidovudine and morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aanchal Mehrotra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Andrea Gaedigk
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s Mercy-Kansas City, MO and School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | - Revathi Chapa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Haeyoung Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Prachi Choudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Mikael Boberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robin E. Pearce
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s Mercy-Kansas City, MO and School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | - Roger Gaedigk
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s Mercy-Kansas City, MO and School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, and Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - J. Steven Leeder
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s Mercy-Kansas City, MO and School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Neumann E, Mehboob H, Ramírez J, Mirkov S, Zhang M, Liu W. Age-Dependent Hepatic UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression and Activity in Children. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:437. [PMID: 27899892 PMCID: PMC5110524 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are important phase II drug metabolism enzymes. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between age and changes in mRNA expression and activity of major human hepatic UGTs, as well as to understand the potential regulatory mechanism underlying this relationship. Using previously generated data, we investigated age-dependent mRNA expression levels of 11 hepatic UGTs (UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A5, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT2B4, UGT2B7, UGT2B10, UGT2B15, and UGT2B17) and 16 transcription factors (AHR, AR, CAR, ESR2, FXR, GCCR, HNF1a, HNF3a, HNF3b, HNF4a, PPARA, PPARG, PPARGC, PXR, SP1, and STAT3) in liver tissue of donors (n = 38) ranging from 0 to 25 years of age. We also examined the correlation between age and microsomal activities using 14 known UGT drug substrates in the liver samples (n = 19) of children donors. We found a statistically significant increase (nominal p < 0.05) in the expression of UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A5, UGT1A6, UGT2B7, and UGT2B17, as well as glucuronidation activities of serotonin, testosterone, and vorinostat during the first 25 years of life. Expression of estrogen receptor 1 and pregnane X receptor, two strong UGT transcriptional regulators, were significantly correlated with both age and UGT mRNA expression (p ≤ 0.05). These results suggest that both UGT expression and activity increase during childhood and adolescence, possibly driven in part by hormonal signaling. Our findings may help explain inter-patient variability in response to medications among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Neumann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Huma Mehboob
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jacqueline Ramírez
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Snezana Mirkov
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, USA; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Wanqing Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
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10
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Xiao W, Lu MH. Comparison of the inhibition capability of oleanolic acid and betulinic acid towards drug-metabolizing enzymes. Afr Health Sci 2015; 15:1011-5. [PMID: 26957994 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v15i3.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are important membrane proteins located in endoplasmic reticulum, and play important roles in metabolism of a variety of endogenous and exogenous compounds. AIMS To determine the influence of subtle difference in the structure of oleanolic acid and betulinic acid towards the inhibition towards the activity of UGT isoforms. METHODS In vitro glucuronidation of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) reaction was employed as the probe reaction to determine the inhibition of these two compounds towards UGTs' activity. RESULTS The inhibition of capability of oleanolic acid towards UGT1A6 and UGT1A8 were higher than betulinic acid. However, no significant difference was observed for the inhibition of oleanolic acid and betulinic acid towards UGT1A7. Furthermore, concentration-dependent behaviour was determined for the inhibition of oleanolic acid and betulinic acid towards UGT1A6 and UGT1A8. At various concentrations of oleanolic acid and betulinic acid, the inhibition of oleanolic acid towards UGT1A6 and UGT1A8 was higher than betulinic acid. CONSLUSION Given that UGT1A6 and UGT1A8 play key role in the the inhibition of oleanolic acid towards UGT1A6 and UGT1A8 will induce drug-drug interaction and the risk of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hu'nan 410008, China
| | - Meng-Hou Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hu'nan 410008, China
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11
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Targher G, Byrne CD. Circulating Markers of Liver Function and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2290-6. [PMID: 25977566 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of serum concentrations of various liver enzymes and other nonenzymatic proteins and metabolites of heme metabolism (eg, bilirubin) is often undertaken in clinical practice. Measurement of these liver function tests is simple, quick, and relatively inexpensive. However, interpreting the liver function test results in patients without evidence of liver disease is often challenging. Concentrations of some of liver enzymes, such as γ-glutamyltransferase or alkaline phosphatase, and concentrations of liver-derived metabolites, such as bilirubin, may be influenced by metabolic processes beyond the liver, sometimes making interpretation of the test results difficult. This scenario frequently occurs both in individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease and in patients with known cardiovascular disease, often resulting in the clinicians ignoring the test results. In this brief review, we discuss the evidence for associations between key serum liver function tests and cardiovascular disease risk and where associations are robust; we provide an interpretation for possible mechanistic links between the liver function test and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Targher
- From the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy (G.T.); Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.).
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- From the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy (G.T.); Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.); and Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
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12
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Jiang L, Liang SC, Wang C, Ge GB, Huo XK, Qi XY, Deng S, Liu KX, Ma XC. Identifying and applying a highly selective probe to simultaneously determine the O-glucuronidation activity of human UGT1A3 and UGT1A4. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9627. [PMID: 25884245 PMCID: PMC4401096 DOI: 10.1038/srep09627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucuronidation mediated by uridine 5′-diphospho (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase is an important detoxification pathway. However, identifying a selective probe of UDP- glucuronosyltransferase is complicated because of the significant overlapping substrate specificity displayed by the enzyme. In this paper, desacetylcinobufagin (DACB) 3-O- and 16-O-glucuronidation were found to be isoform-specific probe reactions for UGT1A4 and UGT1A3, respectively. DACB was well characterized as a probe for simultaneously determining the catalytic activities of O-glucuronidation mediated by UGT1A3 and UGT1A4 from various enzyme sources, through a sensitive analysis method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Si-Cheng Liang
- 1] Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China [2] Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Qi
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Sa Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ke-Xin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
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Gauthier-Landry L, Bélanger A, Barbier O. Multiple roles for UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)2B15 and UGT2B17 enzymes in androgen metabolism and prostate cancer evolution. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 145:187-92. [PMID: 24861263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the prostate, approximately 50% of androgens are from adrenal steroids, mainly dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), its sulfate and androstenedione. These compounds are converted first into testosterone, and then into the active hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT). After having activated the androgen receptor (AR), DHT is reduced into androstane-3α-DIOL (3α-DIOL) and androsterone (ADT), which are subsequently converted into 2 inactive and easily excretable metabolites: 3α-DIOL-17glucuronide (3α-DIOL-17G) and ADT-3glucuronide (ADT-3G). The formation of these last derivatives through the glucuronidation reaction involves 2 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes, namely UGT2B15 and UGT2B17. The present review article aims at providing a comprehensive view of the physiological and pharmacological importance of these 2 enzymes for the control of androgen homeostasis. We will resume: (i) how UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 contribute to androgen elimination; (ii) how their glucuronidation capacity influences the androgen signaling pathway in prostate cells; (iii) how they contribute to the anti-proliferative properties of AR antagonists in prostate cancer cells; and (iv) how AR and its spliced variants regulate the UGT2B15 and/or UGT2B17 genes expression. Finally, whether the unexploited AR-UGT axis could serve as a prognostic maker or a pharmacological target for novel therapeutics in the treatment of prostate cancer is also discussed. This article is part of a special issue entitled 'Essential role of DHEA'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Gauthier-Landry
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU de Québec Research Centre, and the Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Bélanger
- CHU de Québec Research Centre, and the Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU de Québec Research Centre, and the Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
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The Inhibition of the Components from Shengmai Injection towards UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:594354. [PMID: 25530784 PMCID: PMC4229968 DOI: 10.1155/2014/594354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of shengmai injection- (SMI-) related drug-drug interaction remains unclear. Evaluation of the inhibition potential of SMI's ingredients towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) activity will provide a new insight to understand SMI-related drug-drug interaction. In vitro incubation system to model UGT reaction was used. Recombinant UGT isoforms-catalyzed 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) glucuronidation and UGT1A4-catalyzed trifluoperazine (TFP) glucuronidation reactions were employed to phenotype the inhibition profile of maidong's components towards the activity of UGT isoforms. Different inhibition potential of maidong's components towards various UGT isoforms was observed. Based on the inhibition kinetic investigation results, ophiopogonin D (OD) noncompetitively inhibited UGT1A6 and competitively inhibited UGT1A8, ophiopogonin D′ (OD′) noncompetitively inhibited UGT1A6 and UGT1A10, and ruscorectal (RU) exhibited competitive inhibition towards UGT1A4. The inhibition kinetic parameters were calculated to be 20.6, 40.1, 5.3, 9.0, and 0.02 μM, respectively. In combination with our previous results obtained for the inhibition of UGT isoforms by ginsenosides and wuweizi components, the important SMI ingredients exhibiting strong inhibition towards UGT isoforms were highlighted. All the results obtained in the present study provide a new insight to understand SMI-related drug-drug interaction.
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15
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PPARα: A Master Regulator of Bilirubin Homeostasis. PPAR Res 2014; 2014:747014. [PMID: 25147562 PMCID: PMC4134828 DOI: 10.1155/2014/747014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypolipidemic fibrates activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α to modulate lipid oxidation and metabolism. The present study aimed at evaluating how 3 PPARα agonists, namely, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil, and Wy14,643, affect bilirubin synthesis and metabolism. Human umbilical vein epithelial cells (HUVEC) and coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMC) were cultured in the absence or presence of the 3 activators, and mRNA, protein, and/or activity levels of the bilirubin synthesizing heme oxygenase- (HO-) 1 and biliverdin reductase (BVR) enzymes were determined. Human hepatocytes (HH) and HepG2 cells sustained similar treatments, except that the expression of the bilirubin conjugating UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 enzyme and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 2 transporter was analyzed. In HUVECs, gemfibrozil, fenofibrate, and Wy14,643 upregulated HO-1 mRNA expression without affecting BVR. Wy14,643 and fenofibrate also caused HO-1 protein accumulation, while gemfibrozil and fenofibrate favored the secretion of bilirubin in cell media. Similar positive regulations were also observed with the 3 PPARα ligands in CASMCs where HO-1 mRNA and protein levels were increased. In HH and HepG2 cells, both UGT1A1 and MRP2 transcripts were also accumulating. These observations indicate that PPARα ligands activate bilirubin synthesis in vascular cells and metabolism in liver cells. The clinical implications of these regulatory events are discussed.
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16
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Pharmacogenomics of human uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases and clinical implications. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2014; 96:324-39. [PMID: 24922307 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2014.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glucuronidation by uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes (UGTs) is a major phase II biotransformation pathway and, complementary to phase I metabolism and membrane transport, one of the most important cellular defense mechanisms responsible for the inactivation of therapeutic drugs, other xenobiotics, and endogenous molecules. Interindividual variability in UGT pathways is significant and may have profound pharmacological and toxicological implications. Several genetic and genomic processes underlie this variability and are discussed in relation to drug metabolism and diseases such as cancer.
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Siest G, Fournel-Gigleux S, Magdalou J. CYP 2C19 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases not only for drugs but also for endobiotics. DRUG METABOLISM AND DRUG INTERACTIONS 2014; 29:207-209. [PMID: 25367614 DOI: 10.1515/dmdi-2014-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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