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Pre-treatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio significantly affects progression free survival in positive EGFR mutation advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR-TKI treatment in Bali, Indonesia. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MEDECINE INTERNE 2023; 61:63-71. [PMID: 36453446 DOI: 10.2478/rjim-2022-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Today, recommendations about initial Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) and its frequency still vary, while early diagnosis of progression affects patient's prognosis and subsequent treatment options. Methods: This study aims to examine Progression Free Survival (PFS) of positive EGFR mutations advanced lung adenocarcinoma receiving Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) and factors that influence it. This was an observational study with retrospective cohort design conducted at Prof IGNG Ngoerah Hospital from January to December 2021. Sample was data from Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) positive mutation advanced lung adenocarcinoma patient who were treated with EGFR-TKI at Prof IGNG Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali from January 2017 to February 2021. Total sample was 63. Results: Median PFS was 12 months (95% CI 10.28-13.71) and minimum PFS was 3 months. In univariate analysis, Hazard Ration (HR) of older age, smoker, distant metastasis, brain metastasis, increased Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ration (NLR), and exon 21 mutation to shorter PFS was 0.99 (95% CI 0.95-1.02); 1.03 (95% CI 0.57-1.85); 1.45 (95% CI 0.85-2.49); 2.14 (95% CI 1.02-4.49); 1.08 (95% CI 1.03-1.13); and 1.21 (95% CI 0.67-2.18). Multivariate analysis showed only increased NLR affected PFS significantly with HR 1.06 (95% CI 1.007-1.13). Conclusion: Median PFS of EGFR positive mutation advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients who received TKI was 12 months and minimum value was 3 months. Increased age, smoking, distant metastases, brain metastases, and exon 21 mutations were not associated with PFS. NLR significantly affected PFS.
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Ethacrynic Acid Enhances the Antitumor Effects of Afatinib in EGFR/T790M-Mutated NSCLC by Inhibiting WNT/Beta-Catenin Pathway Activation. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:5530673. [PMID: 34122668 PMCID: PMC8168479 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5530673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background. Despite afatinib as a new first-line treatment for EGFR L858R and exon 19 deletion or other rare EGFR-mutation patients, the acquired resistance or toxic effects associated with it limited its use clinically. The controlling of acquired resistance or optimization of the afatinib dosage in EGFR/T790M mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still an important fundamental problem. Ethacrynic acid (EA) has been proved as a dual inhibitor of GST and WNT, and the α, β-unsaturated-keto structure of it is similar to that of irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, these beneficial effects of EA combined with afatinib have never been reported in NSCLC. Therefore, the antitumor effects of afatinib combined with EA in EGFR L858R/T790M-mutated NSCLC cells and related mechanisms were analyzed. Our in vitro and in vivo results showed that EA has strong synergistic antitumor effects with afatinib in EGFR L858R/T790M-mutated NSCLC cells, but has no cytotoxic effects in NSCLC cells when used it alone, i.e., the cytotoxic effects of afatinib (IC30) plus EA (IC30) were stronger than the effects of afatinib (IC50) alone. Our functional studies found that the antitumor mechanisms of afatinib when combined with EA mainly occurred by inhibiting WNT/β-catenin pathway activation and suppression of the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. These results revealed that combination of afatinib with EA derivatives not only provided a new therapeutic approach for EGFR/T790M-mutated NSCLC patients but also offered a new idea for developing new drugs or optimizing the dose of afatinib in clinical use in future antitumor therapy.
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Kara A, Özgür A, Tekin Ş, Tutar Y. Computational Analysis of Drug Resistance Network in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:566-578. [PMID: 33602077 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210218175439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a significant health problem and accounts for one-third of the deaths worldwide. A great majority of these deaths are caused by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Chemotherapy is the leading treatment method for NSCLC, but resistance to chemotherapeutics is an important limiting factor that reduces the treatment success of patients with NSCLC. OBJECTIVE In this study, the relationship between differentially expressed genes affecting the survival of the patients, according to the bioinformatics analyses, and the mechanism of drug resistance is investigated for non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma patients. METHODS Five hundred thirteen patient samples were compared with fifty-nine control samples. The employed dataset was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The information on how the drug activity altered against the expressional diversification of the genes was extracted from the NCI-60 database. Four hundred thirty-three drugs with known mechanism of action (MoA) were analyzed. Diversifications of the activity of these drugs related to genes were considered based on nine lung cancer cell lines virtually. The analyses were performed using R programming language, GDCRNATools, rcellminer, and Cytoscape. RESULTS This work analyzed the common signaling pathways and expressional alterations of the proteins in these pathways associated with survival and drug resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. Deduced computational data demonstrated that proteins of EGFR, JNK/MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K /AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, and Wnt signaling pathways were associated with molecular mechanism of resistance to anticancer drugs in NSCLC cells. CONCLUSION To understand the relationships between resistance to anticancer drugs and EGFR, JNK/MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K /AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, and Wnt signaling pathways is an important approach to design effective therapeutics for individuals with NSCLC adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altan Kara
- TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Gebze, . Turkey
| | - Aykut Özgür
- Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Artova Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Tokat, . Turkey
| | - Şaban Tekin
- University of Health Sciences, Turkey, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Biology, İstanbul, . Turkey
| | - Yusuf Tutar
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Molecular Oncology, Istanbul, . Turkey
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4
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Li Y, Xu Y, Wu X, He C, Liu Q, Wang F. Comprehensive analysis of EGFR T790M detection by ddPCR and ARMS-PCR and the effect of mutant abundance on the efficacy of osimertinib in NSCLC patients. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:3004-3014. [PMID: 31463130 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.07.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations often develop systemic disease progression during treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR are routinely applied for detection of EGFR mutations, including T790M, which is associated with TKI sensitivity. We compared the efficiency of ddPCR and ARMS-PCR in detecting T790M and explored the association between T790M abundance and osimertinib efficacy. Methods Genomic DNA (gDNA) from tissue and cells in hydrothorax and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from peripheral blood (PB), and clinicopathological data were retrospectively collected from 263 patients who visited Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center for T790M test. Results Mean T790M abundance and mutant copy number of cases tested positive by both methods, i.e., the ddPCR+ARMS+ group (19.1%, 636.9), were higher than those in the ddPCR+ARMS- group (0.36%, 12.1), suggesting that ddPCR is more sensitive in detecting samples with low mutant abundance than ARMS-PCR. T790M detection rate was comparable for gDNA and ctDNA samples (44.7% vs. 37.6%, P=0.242); however, gDNA sample tended to show more T790M abundance in ddPCR analysis. T790M coexisted with L858R mutation (8/11) more than with deletions in exon 19 (19del) mutation (3/11) in TKI-naive tumors, while 19del co-occurred as often as L858R in post-TKI tumors. T790M+ patients benefited more from osimertinib and showed longer progression-free survival (PFS) (not achieved vs. 10.1 months, P=0.0399), while lower T790M abundance (<1.065%) was associated with longer PFS (not achieved vs. 8.8 months, P=0.0033). Conclusions ddPCR has a higher sensitivity than ARMS-PCR, especially in detecting the less abundant T790M. Although detection rates were comparable for ctDNA and gDNA samples, the mutation abundance was higher in gDNA sample. Finally, low T790M abundance was associated with longer PFS in NSCLC patients receiving osimertinib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuxia Xu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Caiyun He
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
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5
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Nakahara Y, Kouro T, Igarashi Y, Kawahara M, Sasada T. Prospects for a personalized peptide vaccine against lung cancer. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:703-709. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1635461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Nakahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Taku Kouro
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuka Igarashi
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mamoru Kawahara
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Sasada
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
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6
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Zhao J, Zou M, Lv J, Han Y, Wang G, Wang G. Effective treatment of pulmonary adenocarcinoma harboring triple EGFR mutations of L858R, T790M, and cis-C797S by osimertinib, bevacizumab, and brigatinib combination therapy: a case report. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5545-5550. [PMID: 30233215 PMCID: PMC6134962 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s170358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib is commonly used in pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients who are resistant to first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors and carry the T790M mutation. However, the use of osimertinib may result in the development of further resistance, most commonly via the cis-C797S mutation. Herein, we report a case of a lung cancer patient harboring triple EGFR mutations of L858R, T790M, and cis-C797S who was treated with a combination of osimertinib, bevacizumab, and brigatinib. The above 3 mutations were detected by circulating tumor DNA analysis after osimertinib treatment. Subsequently, the patient received combination therapy of osimertinib and bevacizumab; the partial relief obtained was negated by later disease progression. The regimen was then changed to osimertinib, bevacizumab, and brigatinib combination therapy. Partial remission was observed, and a significant reduction in EGFR mutations was detected. This case represents the first evidence that 1) bevacizumab combined with osimertinib can significantly relieve tumor growth and respiratory symptoms in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with osimertinib resistance and 2) the clinical use of osimertinib, bevacizumab, and brigatinib is effective as combination therapy for pulmonary adenocarcinoma in the presence of triple EGFR mutations of L858R, T790M, and cis-C797S. These combination therapies may provide potential novel treatment options for pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Lv
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yingmin Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China,
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, People's Republic of China,
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7
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Li X, Zhou C. Comparison of cross-platform technologies for EGFR T790M testing in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:100801-100818. [PMID: 29246024 PMCID: PMC5725066 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations in the gene encoding epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) play an important role in determining targeted treatment modalities in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The EGFR T790M mutation emerges in approximately 50% of cases who acquire resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Detecting EGFR T790M mutation in tumor tissue is challenging due to heterogeneity of the tumor, low abundance of the mutation and difficulty for re-biopsy in patients with advanced disease. Alternatively, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been proposed as a non-invasive method for mutational analysis. The presence of EGFR mutations in ctDNA predicts response to the EGFR TKIs in the first-line setting. Molecular testing is now considered a standard care for NSCLC. The advent of standard commercially available kits and targeted mutational analysis has revolutionized the accuracy of mutation detection platforms for detection of EGFR mutations. Our review provides an overview of various commonly used platforms for detecting EGFR T790M mutation in tumor tissue and plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Li
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Pulmonary Cancer institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Shanghai, P. R. China
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8
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Cheong HT, Xu F, Choy CT, Hui CWC, Mok TSK, Wong CH. Upregulation of Bcl2 in NSCLC with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:901-907. [PMID: 29422965 PMCID: PMC5772989 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rate worldwide among all malignancy-associated mortalities, of which non-small cell lung cancer accounts for 80% of all cases. Resistance against epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) develops following 8–12 months of disease progression, and is a critical issue. HCC827 cell lines with resistance to EGFR-TKIs were successfully screened. The half maximal inhibitory concentration values were 1,000-fold higher than the values for the parental HCC827 cell line, thereby demonstrating cross-resistance against the same family of TKIs. The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) was markedly increased in the resistant clones, as well as in the patient biopsies. The phosphatase and tensin homolog phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling axis is a potential mechanism for acquiring resistance, and therefore targeting Bcl2 may be a useful strategy for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hio Teng Cheong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Chi Tung Choy
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Connie Wun Chun Hui
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Tony Shu Kam Mok
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Chi Hang Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
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9
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van der Wekken AJ, Kuiper JL, Saber A, Terpstra MM, Wei J, Hiltermann TJN, Thunnissen E, Heideman DAM, Timens W, Schuuring E, Kok K, Smit EF, van den Berg A, Groen HJM. Overall survival in EGFR mutated non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with afatinib after EGFR TKI and resistant mechanisms upon disease progression. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182885. [PMID: 28854272 PMCID: PMC5576694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine survival in afatinib-treated patients after treatment with first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and to study resistance mechanisms in afatinib-resistant tumors. METHODS Characteristics and survival of patients treated with afatinib after resistance to erlotinib or gefitinib in two large Dutch centers were collected. Whole exome sequencing (WES) and pathway analysis was performed on available pre- and post-afatinib tumor biopsies and normal tissue. RESULTS A total of 38 patients were treated with afatinib. T790M mutations were identified in 22/29 (76%) pre-afatinib treatment tumor samples. No difference in median progression-free-survival (2.8 months (95% CI 2.3-3.3) and 2.7 months (95% CI 0.9-4.6), p = 0.55) and median overall-survival (8.8 months (95% CI 4.2-13.4) and 3.6 months (95% CI 2.3-5.0), p = 0.14) were observed in T790M+ patients compared to T790M- mutations. Somatic mutations in TP53, ADAMTS2, CNN2 and multiple genes in the Wnt and PI3K-AKT pathway were observed in post-afatinib tumors of six afatinib-responding and in one non-responding patient. No new EGFR mutations were found in the post-afatinib samples of the six responding patients. Further analyses of post-afatinib progressive tumors revealed 28 resistant specific mutations in six genes (HLA-DRB1, AQP7, FAM198A, SEC31A, CNTLN, and ESX1) in three afatinib responding patients. No known EGFR-TKI resistant-associated copy number gains were acquired in the post-afatinib samples. CONCLUSION No differences in survival were observed in patients with EGFR-T790M treated with afatinib compared to those without T790M. Tumors from patients who had progressive disease during afatinib treatment were enriched for mutations in genes involved in Wnt and PI3K-AKT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. J. van der Wekken
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J. L. Kuiper
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A. Saber
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M. M. Terpstra
- University of Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J. Wei
- University of Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - T. J. N. Hiltermann
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - E. Thunnissen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - D. A. M. Heideman
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - W. Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - E. Schuuring
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - K. Kok
- University of Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - E. F. Smit
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A. van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - H. J. M. Groen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Dal Bello MG, Alama A, Coco S, Vanni I, Grossi F. Understanding the checkpoint blockade in lung cancer immunotherapy. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1266-1273. [PMID: 28600190 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies have changed the treatment strategy of some types of tumor including melanoma and, more recently, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immune checkpoints are crucial for the maintenance of self-tolerance and it is known that some tumors use checkpoint systems to evade antitumor immune response. The treatment of advanced NSCLC by immune-checkpoint blockade targeting the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD1/PDL1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) pathways has led to significant clinical benefit either as monotherapy or in combination therapy. Moreover, checkpoint receptors such as lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3), T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain 3 (TIM3) and killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are also being investigated as potential immunotherapeutic targets. This review focuses on the mechanisms of action of the main checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer and presents the most relevant results from preclinical and clinical studies on immune-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Dal Bello
- Lung Cancer Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, Largo R. Benzi, 10-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Angela Alama
- Lung Cancer Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, Largo R. Benzi, 10-16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Simona Coco
- Lung Cancer Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, Largo R. Benzi, 10-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Irene Vanni
- Lung Cancer Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, Largo R. Benzi, 10-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Grossi
- Lung Cancer Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, Largo R. Benzi, 10-16132 Genoa, Italy
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11
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Smurf1 regulates lung cancer cell growth and migration through interaction with and ubiquitination of PIPKIγ. Oncogene 2017; 36:5668-5680. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Owusu BY, Thomas S, Venukadasula P, Han Z, Janetka JW, Galemmo RA, Klampfer L. Targeting the tumor-promoting microenvironment in MET-amplified NSCLC cells with a novel inhibitor of pro-HGF activation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:63014-63025. [PMID: 28968967 PMCID: PMC5609899 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapeutic agents, such as inhibitors of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), have transformed the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. MET-amplified NSCLC cells display resistance to EGFR-targeting agents, but are addicted to MET signaling for survival and proliferation and are sensitive to MET inhibition. However, responsive cancer cells invariably develop resistance to MET-targeted treatment. The tumor microenvironment plays a major role in resistance to anticancer therapy. We demonstrated that fibroblasts block the response of MET-amplified NSCLC cells to the MET kinase inhibitor, JNJ38877605 in an HGF-dependent manner. Thus, MET-amplified NSCLC cells become addicted to HGF upon pharmacological inhibition of MET. HGF restored phosphorylation of MET, EGFR and RON, and maintained pro-survival AKT and ERK signaling in MET-inhibited cells. We developed a small molecule inhibitor of pro-HGF activation, SRI31215, which acts as a triplex inhibitor of the pro-HGF activating proteases matriptase, hepsin and HGF activator (HGFA). SRI31215 blocked crosstalk between tumor cells and fibroblasts and overcame fibroblast-mediated resistance to MET inhibition by preventing fibroblast-mediated reactivation of AKT and ERK signaling. Structurally unrelated triplex inhibitors of matriptase, hepsin and HGFA that we developed in parallel showed similar biological activity. Our data suggest that simultaneous inhibition of HGF and MET is required to overcome resistance to MET inhibitors in MET-amplified NSCLC cells. This provides a rationale for the development of novel combination therapeutic strategies for the treatment of NSCLC patients with MET amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Y Owusu
- Department of Oncology Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205 USA
| | - Shantasia Thomas
- Department of Oncology Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205 USA
| | | | - Zhenfu Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
| | - James W Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
| | - Robert A Galemmo
- Department of Oncology Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205 USA
| | - Lidija Klampfer
- Department of Oncology Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205 USA
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13
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Targeting Hsp90 with FS-108 circumvents gefitinib resistance in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1587-1596. [PMID: 27616574 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Inhibition of heat shock protein (Hsp90) has been proven to be effective in overriding primary and acquired resistance of kinase inhibitors. In this study, we investigated the role of FS-108, a newly developed Hsp90 inhibitor, to overcome gefitinib resistance in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer cells. METHODS Cell proliferation was assessed using the SRB assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Protein expression was examined by Western blotting. The in vivo effectiveness of FS-108 was determined in an NCI-H1975 subcutaneous xenograft model. RESULTS FS-108 triggered obvious growth inhibition in gefitinib-resistant HCC827/GR6, NCI-H1650 and NCI-H1975 cells through inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. FS-108 treatment resulted in a remarkable degradation of key client proteins involved in gefitinib resistance and further abrogated their downstream signaling pathways. Interestingly, FS-108 alone exerted an identical or superior effect on circumventing gefitinib resistance compared to combined kinase inhibition. Finally, the ability of FS-108 to overcome gefitinib resistance in vivo was validated in an NCI-H1975 xenograft model. CONCLUSION FS-108 is a powerful agent that impacts the survival of gefitinib-resistant cells in vitro and in vivo through targeting Hsp90.
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Stanam A, Gibson-Corley KN, Love-Homan L, Ihejirika N, Simons AL. Interleukin-1 blockade overcomes erlotinib resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:76087-76100. [PMID: 27738319 PMCID: PMC5342798 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Erlotinib has demonstrated poor clinical response rates for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to date and the majority of respondents acquire resistance to erlotinib relatively quickly. To elucidate novel pathways involved in erlotinib resistance, we compared the gene expression profiles of erlotinib-resistant (ER) vs. erlotinib-sensitive (ES) HNSCC cell lines. Enrichment analysis of microarray data revealed a deregulation of the IL-1 signaling pathway in ER versus ES-HNSCC cells. Gene expression of interleukin-1 alpha (IL1A) and interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) were significantly upregulated by > 2 fold in ER-SQ20B and ER-CAL 27 cells compared to their respective ES-cells. Secretion of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) was significantly reduced in ER-cells compared to ES-cells. Blockade of IL-1 signaling using a recombinant IL-1R antagonist (anakinra) was able to inhibit the growth of ER-SQ20B and ER-CAL 27 but not ES-SQ20B and ES-CAL 27 xenografts as a single agent and in combination with erlotinib. ER-SQ20B xenografts treated with anakinra ± erlotinib were found to be less vascularized than ER-SQ20B xenografts treated with water or erlotinib. Mice bearing ER-SQ20B xenografts had significantly lesser circulating levels of G-CSF and IL-1β when treated with anakinra ± erlotinib compared to those treated with water or erlotinib alone. Furthermore, augmented mRNA levels of IL1A or interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) were associated with shortened survival in HNSCC patients. Altogether, blockade of the IL-1 pathway using anakinra overcame erlotinib resistance in HNSCC xenografts and may represent a novel strategy to overcome EGFR inhibitor resistance for treatment of HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Stanam
- Interdisciplinary Human Toxicology Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Katherine N. Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Nnamdi Ihejirika
- Lincoln University of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Lincoln, PA, USA
| | - Andrean L. Simons
- Interdisciplinary Human Toxicology Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Wang Z, Tang C, Liu Y, Xu B, Qin H, Lei Y, Gao H, He K, Liu X. [Preliminary Study of Differentially Expressed Serum Peptides of Advanced NSCLC Patients Responsive to EGFR-TKI and Their Clinical Significance]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2016; 19:600-6. [PMID: 27666550 PMCID: PMC5972953 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2016.09.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 本研究旨在应用基质辅助激光解析离子化-时间飞行质谱仪(matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-?ight mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF-MS)检测晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者在接受表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factorreceptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, EGFR-TKIs)治疗过程中血清多肽的变化并探索其临床意义。 方法 收集34例接受EGFR-TKI治疗的晚期NSCLC患者TKI治疗前、最佳疗效时及疾病进展后的自身配对血清样本102份。处理血清样本并应用MALDI-TOF-MS检测,得到质谱图后使用CPT统计软件进行分析,鉴定出差异多肽,并对其临床意义进行分析。 结果 34例接受EGFR-TKI治疗的患者无完全缓解(complete response, CR)患者,部分缓解(partial response, PR)11例,疾病稳定(stable disease, SD)23例,中位无进展生存期(progression-free survival, PFS)为8.0个月(95%CI: 6.6-11.2);中位总生存期(overall survival, OS)为11.4个月(95%CI: 10.6-16.5)。对TKI治疗的三个不同时间点的血清进行质谱检测,结果显示三个时间点多肽指纹图谱均不相同;配对分析最佳疗效时与基线时质谱数据经CPT软件共鉴定出差异多肽峰87个,筛选出两组间有统计学差异[P < 0.001、曲线下面积(area under curve, AUC)≥0.9]的多肽峰1个;疾病进展时与基线时共鉴定出差异多肽峰96个,筛选出两组间有统计学差异(P < 0.001, AUC≥0.9)的多肽峰3个;最佳疗效时与疾病进展时共鉴定出差异多肽峰115个,筛选出两组间有统计学差异(P < 0.001, AUC≥0.9)的多肽峰4个。 结论 NSCLC患者TKI治疗过程中血清多肽存在动态变化,差异多肽可能与治疗效果、疾病进展相关,差异多肽的特性、临床意义需进一步鉴定和验证。
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chuanhao Tang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Bin Xu
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Haifeng Qin
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yangyang Lei
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hongjun Gao
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Kun He
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
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16
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Hanssen A, Wagner J, Gorges TM, Taenzer A, Uzunoglu FG, Driemel C, Stoecklein NH, Knoefel WT, Angenendt S, Hauch S, Atanackovic D, Loges S, Riethdorf S, Pantel K, Wikman H. Characterization of different CTC subpopulations in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28010. [PMID: 27302574 PMCID: PMC4908396 DOI: 10.1038/srep28010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) serve as valuable biomarkers. However, EpCAM positive CTCs are less frequently detected in NSCLC patients compared to other epithelial tumours. First, EpCAM protein expression was analysed in primary and metastatic lung cancer tissue. In both groups 21% of the samples were EpCAM negative. Second, the CellSearch system identified 15% of patients (n = 48) as CTC positive whereas a multiplex RT-PCR for PIK3CA, AKT2, TWIST, and ALDH1 following EGFR, HER2 and EpCAM based enrichment detected CTCs in 29% of the patients. Interestingly, 86% of CTC positive patients were found to express ALDH1. Only 11% of the patients were CTC-positive by both techniques. CTC positivity was associated with patient disease state when assessed by the multiplex RT-PCR assay (p = 0.015). Patients harbouring tumours with an altered EGFR genotype were more frequently CTC-positive compared to patients with EGFR wildtype tumours. In subsets of patients, CTCs were found to express genes involved in resistance to therapy such as HER3 and MET. In conclusion, using multiple targets for CTC capture and identification increases the sensitivity of CTC detection in NSCLC patients, which can be explained by the presence of different CTC subtypes with distinct molecular features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annkathrin Hanssen
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Tobias M Gorges
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aline Taenzer
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Germany
| | - Faik G Uzunoglu
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Driemel
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nikolas H Stoecklein
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfram T Knoefel
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Angenendt
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Djordje Atanackovic
- Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Centre), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Loges
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Centre), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Riethdorf
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harriet Wikman
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Pentsova EI, Shah RH, Tang J, Boire A, You D, Briggs S, Omuro A, Lin X, Fleisher M, Grommes C, Panageas KS, Meng F, Selcuklu SD, Ogilvie S, Distefano N, Shagabayeva L, Rosenblum M, DeAngelis LM, Viale A, Mellinghoff IK, Berger MF. Evaluating Cancer of the Central Nervous System Through Next-Generation Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:2404-15. [PMID: 27161972 PMCID: PMC4981784 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.66.6487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer spread to the central nervous system (CNS) often is diagnosed late and is unresponsive to therapy. Mechanisms of tumor dissemination and evolution within the CNS are largely unknown because of limited access to tumor tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS We sequenced 341 cancer-associated genes in cell-free DNA from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained through routine lumbar puncture in 53 patients with suspected or known CNS involvement by cancer. RESULTS We detected high-confidence somatic alterations in 63% (20 of 32) of patients with CNS metastases of solid tumors, 50% (six of 12) of patients with primary brain tumors, and 0% (zero of nine) of patients without CNS involvement by cancer. Several patients with tumor progression in the CNS during therapy with inhibitors of oncogenic kinases harbored mutations in the kinase target or kinase bypass pathways. In patients with glioma, the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults, examination of cell-free DNA uncovered patterns of tumor evolution, including temozolomide-associated mutations. CONCLUSION The study shows that CSF harbors clinically relevant genomic alterations in patients with CNS cancers and should be considered for liquid biopsies to monitor tumor evolution in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Pentsova
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Ronak H Shah
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Jiabin Tang
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Adrienne Boire
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Daoqi You
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Samuel Briggs
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Antonio Omuro
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Xuling Lin
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Martin Fleisher
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Christian Grommes
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Katherine S Panageas
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Fanli Meng
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - S Duygu Selcuklu
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Shahiba Ogilvie
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Natalie Distefano
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Larisa Shagabayeva
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Marc Rosenblum
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Lisa M DeAngelis
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Agnes Viale
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Ingo K Mellinghoff
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY.
| | - Michael F Berger
- Elena I. Pentsova, Ronak H. Shah, Jiabin Tang, Adrienne Boire, Daoqi You, Samuel Briggs, Antonio Omuro, Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Christian Grommes, Katherine S. Panageas, Fanli Meng, S. Duygu Selcuklu, Shahiba Ogilvie, Natalie Distefano, Larisa Shagabayeva, Marc Rosenblum, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Agnes Viale, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, and Michael F. Berger, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; and Michael F. Berger, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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Lou Y, Pecot CV, Tran HT, DeVito VJ, Tang XM, Heymach JV, Luthra R, Wistuba II, Zuo Z, Tsao AS. Germline Mutation of T790M and Dual/Multiple EGFR Mutations in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma. Clin Lung Cancer 2015; 17:e5-11. [PMID: 26700910 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Lou
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chad V Pecot
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hai T Tran
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Vikki J DeVito
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xi Ming Tang
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Raja Luthra
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Zhuang Zuo
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Anne S Tsao
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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Jiang J, Wang C, Yu X, Sheng D, Zuo C, Ren M, Wu Y, Shen J, Jin M, Xu S. PCR-sequencing is a complementary method to amplification refractory mutation system for EGFR gene mutation analysis in FFPE samples. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:581-9. [PMID: 26477713 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) is the most popular technology for EGFR gene mutation analysis in China. Cutoff Ct or ΔCt values were used to differentiate low mutation abundance cases from no mutation cases. In this study, all of 359 NSCLC samples were tested by ARMS. Seventeen samples with larger Ct or ΔCt than cutoff values were retested by PCR-sequencing. TKI treatment responses were monitored on the cases with ARMS negative and PCR-sequencing positive results. One exon 18 G719X case, 67 exon 19 deletion cases, 2 exon 20 insertion cases, 1 exon 20 T790M case, 60 exon 21 L858R cases, 5 exon 21 L861Q cases and 201 wild type cases were identified by ARMS. Another 22 cases were evaluated as wild type but had later amplification fluorescent curves. Seventeen out of these 22 cases were retested by PCR-sequencing. It turns out that 3 out of 3 cases with exon 19 deletion later amplifications, 2 out of 2 cases with L858R later amplifications and 4 out of 12 cases with T790M later amplifications were identified as mutation positive. Two cases with exon 19 deletion and L858R respectively were treated by TKI and got responses. Our study indicated that PCR-sequencing might be a complementary way to confirm ARMS results with later amplifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchang Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China; Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Danli Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Chen Zuo
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Minpu Ren
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Yaqin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Mei Jin
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Songxiao Xu
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China.
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20
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Dal Bello MG, Alama A, Barletta G, Coco S, Truini A, Vanni I, Boccardo S, Genova C, Rijavec E, Biello F, Bottoni G, Sambuceti G, Grossi F. Sequential use of vinorelbine followed by gefitinib enhances the antitumor effect in NSCLC cell lines poorly responsive to reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2947-58. [PMID: 26089022 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies have suggested that combining cytotoxic agents with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) to treat EGFR-mutated tumors may increase their inhibitory effect depending on the order of drug administration. The antitumor efficacy of different treatment sequences using vinorelbine (VNB) and gefitinib (GEF) was investigated both in vitro and in vivo in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines with the rationale of potentially translating these findings into the clinical setting. The EGFR-wild-type A549 and the EGFR-mutated (exon 21 L858R/exon 20 T790M) H1975 cell lines were treated as follows: GEF followed by VNB, VNB followed by GEF and the two drugs applied individually or concurrently. Results in vitro demonstrated that the sequence of VNB followed by GEF was significantly more active than single-agent treatments. The expression of activated EGFR and its downstream pathway genes indicated that the increased cytotoxic effect of the VNB and GEF treatment sequence was accompanied by inhibition of EGFR, AKT and ERK1/2. Moreover, the increased inhibition of tumor growth after treatment with VNB followed by GEF was also confirmed in CD1-nude mice that were xenotransplanted with H1975 cells (p < 0.0001). This effect was paralleled by a corresponding decrease in cancer glucose consumption, as assessed by micro-positron emission tomography scans (p < 0.05). These preclinical findings in NSCLC cell lines, which are poorly responsive to EGFR-TKIs, demonstrated that the sequential treatment of VNB followed by GEF induced a significant antitumor effect, which supports the translation of this treatment schedule into a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Dal Bello
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Alama
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Barletta
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Coco
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Truini
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa-IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - I Vanni
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Boccardo
- Pathology and Cytohistology Division, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Genova
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - E Rijavec
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Biello
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Bottoni
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Genoa-IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Sambuceti
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Genoa-IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Grossi
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
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Li W, Qu J, Xu Z. Clinical features and mutation status of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, EML4-ALK and ROS1 between surgical resection samples and non surgical resection samples in lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2015; 7:875-80. [PMID: 26101643 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.04.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Target therapy is the first-line treatment in lung cancer. The testing of driver gene mutations is crucial for decision of treatment. Many lung cancer patients are in advanced grade, and lose the chance of operation. METHODS The tissue used to perform mutation testing is only from biopsy. In order to analysis the difference between surgical resection samples (SRSs) and non-surgical resection samples (NSRSs), 1,357 surgical tissues and 145 biopsy samples histopathologically diagnosed with lung cancer were collected to detect the mutation status of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, EML4-ALK and ROS1 in this study. RESULTS There were no significant differences of age, gender, and histological type between the two group patients we collected; however, the significant difference was present in grade. More early stage patients were in the surgical group, but more advanced stage lung cancer patients were in non surgical group. In the mutation analysis, we also found no significant differences in all driver genes we detected between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Both surgical resection samples and biopsy samples could be used to perform the testing the driver gene mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Li
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai pulmonary hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Second Military University, Shanghai 200061, China
| | - Jichen Qu
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai pulmonary hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Second Military University, Shanghai 200061, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai pulmonary hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Second Military University, Shanghai 200061, China
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22
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Raghav KPS, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Blumenschein GR. Role of HGF/MET axis in resistance of lung cancer to contemporary management. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2015; 1:179-93. [PMID: 25806180 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2012.09.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer related mortality with over 1 million cancer deaths worldwide. Numerous therapies have been developed for the treatment of lung cancer including radiation, cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Histology, stage of presentation and molecular aberrations are main determinants of prognosis and treatment strategy. Despite the advances that have been made, overall prognosis for lung cancer patients remains dismal. Chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy yield objective response rates of about 35% to 60% in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Even with good initial responses, median overall survival of is limited to about 12 months. This reflects that current therapies are not universally effective and resistance develops quickly. Multiple mechanisms of resistance have been proposed and the MET/HGF axis is a potential key contributor. The proto-oncogene MET (mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor gene) and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) interact and activate downstream signaling via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) pathway and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K/AKT) pathways that regulate gene expression that promotes carcinogenesis. Aberrant MET/HGF signaling promotes emergence of an oncogenic phenotype by promoting cellular proliferation, survival, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. The MET/HGF axis has been implicated in various tumor types including lung cancers and is associated with adverse clinicopathological profile and poor outcomes. The MET/HGF axis plays a major role in development of radioresistance and chemoresistance to platinums, taxanes, camtothecins and anthracyclines by inhibiting apoptosis via activation of PI3K-AKT pathway. DNA damage from these agents induces MET and/or HGF expression. Another resistance mechanism is inhibition of chemoradiation induced translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) thereby preventing apoptosis. Furthermore, this MET/HGF axis interacts with other oncogenic signaling pathways such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) pathway. This functional cross-talk forms the basis for the role of MET/HGF axis in resistance against anti-EGFR and anti-VEGF targeted therapies. MET and/or HGF overexpression from gene amplification and activation are mechanisms of resistance to cetuximab and EGFR-TKIs. VEGF inhibition promotes hypoxia induced transcriptional activation of MET proto-oncogene that promotes angiogenesis and confers resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. An extensive understanding of these resistance mechanisms is essential to design combinations with enhanced cytotoxic effects. Lung cancer treatment is challenging. Current therapies have limited efficacy due to primary and acquired resistance. The MET/HGF axis plays a key role in development of this resistance. Combining MET/HGF inhibitors with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy holds promise for improving outcomes.
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23
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Myers MB, McKim KL, Meng F, Parsons BL. Low-frequency KRAS mutations are prevalent in lung adenocarcinomas. Per Med 2015; 12:83-98. [PMID: 27795727 PMCID: PMC5084916 DOI: 10.2217/pme.14.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study quantified low-frequency KRAS mutations in normal lung and lung adenocarcinomas, to understand their potential significance in the development of acquired resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies. MATERIALS & METHODS Allele-specific Competitive Blocker-PCR was used to quantify KRAS codon 12 GAT (G12D) and GTT (G12V) mutation in 19 normal lung and 21 lung adenocarcinoma samples. RESULTS Lung adenocarcinomas had KRAS codon 12 GAT and GTT geometric mean mutant fractions of 1.94 × 10-4 and 1.16 × 10-3, respectively. For 76.2% of lung adenocarcinomas, the level of KRAS mutation was greater than the upper 95% confidence interval of that in normal lung. CONCLUSION KRAS mutant tumor subpopulations, not detectable by DNA sequencing, may drive resistance to EGFR blockade in lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan B Myers
- Division of Genetic & Molecular Toxicology, US FDA, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Karen L McKim
- Division of Genetic & Molecular Toxicology, US FDA, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Fanxue Meng
- Division of Genetic & Molecular Toxicology, US FDA, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Barbara L Parsons
- Division of Genetic & Molecular Toxicology, US FDA, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
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24
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Expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) predicts poor responses to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring activating EGFR mutations. Lung Cancer 2015; 87:311-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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25
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Bizama C, García P, Espinoza JA, Weber H, Leal P, Nervi B, Roa JC. Targeting specific molecular pathways holds promise for advanced gallbladder cancer therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 41:222-34. [PMID: 25639632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer is the most common and aggressive malignancy of the biliary tract. The complete surgical resection is the only potentially curative approach in early stage; however, most cases are diagnosed in advanced stages and the response to traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy is extremely limited, with modest impact in overall survival. The recent progress in understanding the molecular alterations of gallbladder cancer has shown great promise for the development of more effective treatment strategies. This has mainly resulted from the identification of molecular alterations in relevant intracellular signaling pathways-Hedgehog, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Notch, ErbB, MAPK and angiogenesis-which are potential tailored targets for gallbladder cancer patients. This review discusses the recent remarkable progress in understanding the molecular alterations that represent novel prognosis molecular markers and therapeutic targets for gallbladder cancer, which will provide opportunities for research and for developing innovative strategies that may enhance the benefit of conventional chemotherapy, or eventually modify the fatal natural history of this orphan disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bizama
- Department of Pathology, Center for Investigation in Translational Oncology (CITO), School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Patricia García
- Department of Pathology, Center for Investigation in Translational Oncology (CITO), School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Jaime A Espinoza
- Department of Pathology, Center for Investigation in Translational Oncology (CITO), School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Helga Weber
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, CEGIN-BIOREN, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pamela Leal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, CEGIN-BIOREN, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Bruno Nervi
- Department of Hematology Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 26767000, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, Center for Investigation in Translational Oncology (CITO), School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile.
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26
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Burotto M, Ali SA, O’Sullivan Coyne G. Class act: safety comparison of approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors for non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2014; 14:97-110. [DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2014.973400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Song S, Bi M. [Research progress of HGF/MET signaling pathway in EGFR-TKI resistance
in non-small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2014; 17:755-9. [PMID: 25342043 PMCID: PMC6000405 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2014.10.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
肺癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其中非小细胞肺癌约占80%。肝细胞生长因子(hepatocyte growth factor, HGF)/上皮间质转化因子(mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor, MET)信号通路在许多生物学进程中都发挥着多效性影响,然而,在多种类型的肿瘤中都观察到HGF/MET信号通路的异常激活,并且通过生长因子受体和其他致癌性基因受体通路促进细胞增殖和转移。近年来,HGF/MET信号通路的异常激活被认为是对表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI)产生耐药的一个重要原因。本文将重点阐述该通路异常激活与非小细胞肺癌患者EGFR-TKI耐药的联系。
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Minghong Bi
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
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28
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Martín-Bernabé A, Cortés R, Lehmann SG, Seve M, Cascante M, Bourgoin-Voillard S. Quantitative proteomic approach to understand metabolic adaptation in non-small cell lung cancer. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:4695-704. [PMID: 25029028 DOI: 10.1021/pr500327v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
KRAS mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are a predictor of resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies. Because approaches to target RAS signaling have been unsuccessful, targeting lung cancer metabolism might help to develop a new strategy that could overcome drug resistance in such cancer. In this study, we applied a large screening quantitative proteomic analysis to evidence key enzymes involved in metabolic adaptations in lung cancer. We carried out the proteomic analysis of two KRAS-mutated NSCLC cell lines (A549 and NCI-H460) and a non tumoral bronchial cell line (BEAS-2B) using an iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) approach combined with two-dimensional fractionation (OFFGEL/RP nanoLC) and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry analysis. Protein targets identified by our iTRAQ approach were validated by Western blotting analysis. Among 1038 proteins identified and 834 proteins quantified, 49 and 82 proteins were respectively found differently expressed in A549 and NCI-H460 cells compared to the BEAS-2B non tumoral cell line. Regarding the metabolic pathways, enzymes involved in glycolysis (GAPDH/PKM2/LDH-A/LDH-B) and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) (G6PD/TKT/6PGD) were up-regulated. The up-regulation of enzyme expression in PPP is correlated to their enzyme activity and will be further investigated to confirm those enzymes as promising metabolic targets for the development of new therapeutic treatments or biomarker assay for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Martín-Bernabé
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IBUB, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , 08007 Barcelona, Spain
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O'Shannessy DJ, Gustavson M, Chandrasekaran LK, Dolled-Filhart M, Somers EB. Prognostic significance of FRA expression in epithelial cancers using AQUA(®) technology. Biomark Med 2014; 7:933-46. [PMID: 24266829 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Although agents that target FRA have advanced through clinical trials, comprehensive analyses of FRA expression in epithelial cancers compared with clinical variables and prognosis are limited. MATERIALS & METHODS FRA expression was examined in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer cohorts using AQUA(®) technology. RESULTS For the NSCLC cohort, FRA expression was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma samples (p < 0.001) than other histologies, and in females (p = 0.003) versus males. High FRA expression was significantly associated with better survival in NSCLC cases (p = 0.01) while significantly and independently associated with worse prognosis in endometrial (p < 0.001) and ovarian cancers (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION These studies confirm the prognostic value of FRA in multiple indications. The opposing prognostic effects observed may suggest differential biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J O'Shannessy
- Department of Diagnostics Development, Morphotek, Inc., 210 Welsh Pool Road, Exton, PA 19341, USA
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Novel therapeutic strategies for patients with NSCLC that do not respond to treatment with EGFR inhibitors. Cancer Treat Rev 2014; 40:990-1004. [PMID: 24953979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) yields tumour responses in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbouring activating EGFR mutations. However, even in long-lasting responses, resistance to EGFR TKIs invariably occurs. AREAS COVERED This review examines resistance mechanisms to EGFR TKI treatment, which mainly arise from secondary EGFR mutations. Other resistance-inducing processes include mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) amplification, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, phenotypic change from NSCLC to small-cell lung carcinoma, and modifications in parallel signalling pathways. Current therapeutic strategies to overcome these EGFR TKI resistance mechanisms focus on the inhibition or blocking of multiple members of the ErbB family. Several molecules which target multiple ErbB receptors are being investigated in NSCLC and other indications including afatinib, an ErbB Family Blocker, as well as dacomitinib and lapatinib. Novel, non-quinazoline, EGFR inhibitors, that also target EGFR activating and resistance (T790M) mutations, are currently under clinical development. Other therapeutic strategies include inhibition of parallel and downstream pathways, using agents which target heat shock protein (HSP)90 or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in addition to mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), monoclonal antibodies against the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, and fulvestrant-mediated oestrogen receptor regulation. CONCLUSION Improved understanding of mechanisms underlying resistance to EGFR TKIs emphasises the importance of a genotype-guided approach to therapy. Elucidation of resistance mechanisms is indeed crucial to target innovative therapeutic approaches and to improve the efficacy of anticancer regimes in NSCLC.
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31
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Qu G, Liu C, Sun B, Zhou C, Zhang Z, Wang P. Combination of BIBW2992 and ARQ 197 is effective against erlotinib-resistant human lung cancer cells with the EGFR T790M mutation. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:341-7. [PMID: 24842595 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) erlotinib and gefitinib have shown marked effects against EGFR-mutated lung cancer, patients acquire resistance by various mechanisms, including the EGFR T790M mutation and Met induction, consequently suffering relapse. Thus, novel agents to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance are urgently needed. We aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of a combination of BIBW2992 (irreversible EGFR inhibitor)/ARQ 197 (MET inhibitor) on the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line H1975. H1975 cells (harboring a T790M mutation in EGFR) were treated with erlotinib, BIBW2992 or ARQ 197 separately or with combinations of erlotinib/ARQ 197 or BIBW2992/ARQ 197. Cell growth, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were evaluated by MTT assay, Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining and flow cytometry, respectively. EGFR, MET, AKT, ERK and the respective phosphorylated counterparts were detected by western blot analysis. Pathway-specific knockdown of MET and/or EGFR kinase signaling was achieved by siRNA interference. H1975 cells displayed EGFR and MET activation, and were resistant to erlotinib. The BIBW2992/ARQ 197 combination significantly inhibited growth, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and altered the phosphorylation of EGFR, MET, AKT and ERK1/2 in the H1975 cells. Phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2, downstream effectors of the EGFR and MET pathways, was not affected by the other tested treatments. Finally, knockdown of MET and/or EGFR in the H1975 cells confirmed the enhanced downstream inhibition of both MET and EGFR pathways. Combination of an irreversible EGFR inhibitor and MET inhibitor is effective in controlling H1975 cells with acquired resistance to erlotinib, by a mechanism involving the downregulation of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geping Qu
- Nanlou Respiratory Diseases Department, The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Changting Liu
- Nanlou Respiratory Diseases Department, The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Baojun Sun
- Nanlou Respiratory Diseases Department, The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Changxi Zhou
- Nanlou Respiratory Diseases Department, The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Nanlou Respiratory Diseases Department, The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Nanlou Respiratory Diseases Department, The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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32
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Goffin JR, Zbuk K. Epidermal growth factor receptor: pathway, therapies, and pipeline. Clin Ther 2014; 35:1282-303. [PMID: 24054705 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway is important in tumor growth, survival, and metastasis and is now the target of several therapeutic agents. OBJECTIVES This paper seeks to review the EGFR pathway, the study and use of EGFR-directed agents in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), and related new drug development. METHODS PubMed was searched for English-language articles by MeSH and title terms of EGFR published from 2006 to 2013, using the limits of clinical trials as well as reviews. Reference lists were assessed for relevant articles, and guidelines were searched. Clinicaltrials.gov and meeting abstracts were queried for investigational agents. Eligible papers included those concerning EGFR biology, NSCLC or CRC studies involving EGFR-directed agents, and/or investigational drugs targeting EGFR and/or associated pathways. RESULTS The activity of oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) against EGFR has improved survival in NSCLC, and these agents particularly effective in cancers with an EGFR mutation. Resistance to TKIs is most commonly related to a second, T790M, mutation, or to MET amplification, with newer agents directed against these mechanisms. Conversely, in CRC, TKIs have been ineffective, whereas monoclonal antibodies have improved survival. Both primary and secondary KRAS mutations in CRC abrogate mAb effectiveness. Several targets, including MET, BRAF, and PI3K, may serve useful in combination with anti-EGFR drugs. CONCLUSIONS Exploitation of EGFR-directed therapies has offered improvement in survival and quality of life in NSCLC and CRC. New therapies directed at EGFR may offer further improvements. However, resistance mechanisms suggest that combination therapies or multitargeted agents will be crucial in making significant future advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Goffin
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
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Lim SH, Wu L, Kiew LV, Chung LY, Burgess K, Lee HB. Rosamines targeting the cancer oxidative phosphorylation pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e82934. [PMID: 24622277 PMCID: PMC3951181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of energy metabolism is pivotal to cancer, so mitochondria are potential targets for anticancer therapy. A prior study has demonstrated the anti-proliferative activity of a new class of mitochondria-targeting rosamines. This present study describes in vitro cytotoxicity of second-generation rosamine analogs, their mode of action, and their in vivo efficacies in a tumor allografted mouse model. Here, we showed that these compounds exhibited potent cytotoxicity (average IC50<0.5 µM), inhibited Complex II and ATP synthase activities of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathway and induced loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. A NCI-60 cell lines screen further indicated that rosamine analogs 4 and 5 exhibited potent antiproliferative effects with Log10GI50 = −7 (GI50 = 0.1 µM) and were more effective against a colorectal cancer sub-panel than other cell lines. Preliminary in vivo studies on 4T1 murine breast cancer-bearing female BALB/c mice indicated that treatment with analog 5 in a single dosing of 5 mg/kg or a schedule dosing of 3 mg/kg once every 2 days for 6 times (q2d×6) exhibited only minimal induction of tumor growth delay. Our results suggest that rosamine analogs may be further developed as mitochondrial targeting agents. Without a doubt proper strategies need to be devised to enhance tumor uptake of rosamines, i.e. by integration to carrier molecules for better therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siang Hui Lim
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation (CARIF), Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Liangxing Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lik Voon Kiew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lip Yong Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kevin Burgess
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hong Boon Lee
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation (CARIF), Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Bourgon R, Lu S, Yan Y, Lackner MR, Wang W, Weigman V, Wang D, Guan Y, Ryner L, Koeppen H, Patel R, Hampton GM, Amler LC, Wang Y. High-throughput detection of clinically relevant mutations in archived tumor samples by multiplexed PCR and next-generation sequencing. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:2080-91. [PMID: 24573554 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-3114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tailoring cancer treatment to tumor molecular characteristics promises to make personalized medicine a reality. However, reliable genetic profiling of archived clinical specimens has been hindered by limited sensitivity and high false-positive rates. Here, we describe a novel methodology, MMP-seq, which enables sensitive and specific high-throughput, high-content genetic profiling in archived clinical samples. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We first validated the technical performance of MMP-seq in 66 cancer cell lines and a Latin square cross-dilution of known somatic mutations. We next characterized the performance of MMP-seq in 17 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) clinical samples using matched fresh-frozen tissue from the same tumors as benchmarks. To demonstrate the potential clinical utility of our methodology, we profiled FFPE tumor samples from 73 patients with endometrial cancer. RESULTS We demonstrated that MMP-seq enabled rapid and simultaneous profiling of a panel of 88 cancer genes in 48 samples, and detected variants at frequencies as low as 0.4%. We identified DNA degradation and deamination as the main error sources and developed practical and robust strategies for mitigating these issues, and dramatically reduced the false-positive rate. Applying MMP-seq to a cohort of endometrial tumor samples identified extensive, potentially actionable alterations in the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) and RAS pathways, including novel PIK3R1 hotspot mutations that may disrupt negative regulation of PIK3CA. CONCLUSIONS MMP-seq provides a robust solution for comprehensive, reliable, and high-throughput genetic profiling of clinical tumor samples, paving the way for the incorporation of genomic-based testing into clinical investigation and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bourgon
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Oncology Biomarker Development, Bioinformatics, Structural Biology, and Pathology, Genentech, Inc.; Fluidigm Inc., South San Francisco, California; and Expression Analysis, Durham, North Carolina
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35
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Cufí S, Bonavia R, Vazquez-Martin A, Oliveras-Ferraros C, Corominas-Faja B, Cuyàs E, Martin-Castillo B, Barrajón-Catalán E, Visa J, Segura-Carretero A, Joven J, Bosch-Barrera J, Micol V, Menendez JA. Silibinin suppresses EMT-driven erlotinib resistance by reversing the high miR-21/low miR-200c signature in vivo. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2459. [PMID: 23963283 PMCID: PMC3748425 DOI: 10.1038/srep02459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The flavolignan silibinin was studied for its ability to restore drug sensitivity to EGFR-mutant NSCLC xenografts with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-driven resistance to erlotinib. As a single agent, silibinin significantly decreased the tumor volumes of erlotinib-refractory NSCLC xenografts by approximately 50%. Furthermore, the complete abrogation of tumor growth was observed with the co-treatment of erlotinib and silibinin. Silibinin fully reversed the EMT-related high miR-21/low miR-200c microRNA signature and repressed the mesenchymal markers SNAIL, ZEB, and N-cadherin observed in erlotinib-refractory tumors. Silibinin was sufficient to fully activate a reciprocal mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in erlotinib-refractory cells and prevent the highly migratogenic phenotype of erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Given that the various mechanisms of resistance to erlotinib result from EMT, regardless of the EGFR mutation status, a water-soluble, silibinin-rich milk thistle extract might be a suitable candidate therapy for upcoming clinical trials aimed at preventing or reversing NSCLC progression following erlotinib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Cufí
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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36
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GUO YUEHUI, ZHANG CHAO, SHI JING, XU MANGHUA, LIU FENG, YUAN HAIHUA, WANG JIONGYI, JIANG BIN, GAO FENGHOU. Abnormal activation of the EGFR signaling pathway mediates the downregulation of miR-145 through the ERK1/2 in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:1940-6. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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37
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Forde PM, Ettinger DS. Targeted therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer: past, present and future. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 13:745-58. [PMID: 23773106 DOI: 10.1586/era.13.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer has developed significantly with new awareness of histologic subtype as an important factor in guiding treatment and the development of targeted agents for molecular subgroups harboring critical mutations that spur on cancer growth. In this comprehensive review, we look back at developments in targeted therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, reviewing in detail efforts, both successful and in some cases less so, to target EGFR, VEGF and ALK. This review provides an overview of where the field stands at present and the areas we feel are most likely to provide challenges and potential successes in the next 5 years including immune checkpoint inhibition, epigenetic therapy and driver mutation targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Forde
- Lung Cancer Research Program, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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38
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Griffipavixanthone from Garcinia oblongifolia champ induces cell apoptosis in human non-small-cell lung cancer H520 cells in vitro. Molecules 2014; 19:1422-31. [PMID: 24473206 PMCID: PMC6270873 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19021422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Griffipavixanthone (GPX) is a dimeric xanthone which was isolated in a systematic investigation of Garcinia oblongifolia Champ. In this study, we investigate the effect of GPX on cell proliferation and apoptosis on human Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in vitro and determine the mechanisms of its action. GPX inhibited the growth of H520 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners, with IC50 values of 3.03 ± 0.21 μM at 48 h. The morphologic characteristics of apoptosis and apoptotic bodies were observed by fluorescence microscope and transmission electron microscope. In addition, Annexin V/PI double staining assay revealed that cells in early stage of apoptosis were significantly increased upon GPX treatment dose-dependently. Rh123 staining assay indicated that GPX reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. DCFH-DA staining revealed that intracellular ROS increased with GPX treatment. Moreover, GPX cleaved and activated caspase-3. In summary, this study showed that GPX inhibited H520 cell proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manner. Further mechanistic study indicated that GPX induced cell apoptosis through mitochondrial apoptotic pathway accompanying with ROS production. Our results demonstrate the potential application of GPX as an anti-non-small cell lung cancer agent.
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Ji Y, Zheng M, Ye S, Chen J, Chen Y. PTEN and Ki67 expression is associated with clinicopathologic features of non-small cell lung cancer. J Biomed Res 2013; 28:462-7. [PMID: 25469115 PMCID: PMC4250962 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.27.20130084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and the proliferating antigen Ki67 have been widely studied in several tumors. However, their role as indicator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the expression of PTEN and Ki67 in NSCLC tissues and paired normal lung tissues to identify whether these proteins are associated with lung cancer development and survival. Immunohistochemistry for PTEN and Ki67 was performed on 67 lung cancer tissues and 41 paired adjacent normal lung tissues to detect the expression of these two proteins. The expression of PTEN in NSCLC tissues (32.8%) was significantly lower than that in normal tissues (82.9%, P < 0.05). In contrast, the expression of Ki67 in NSCLC tissues (76.1%) was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (27.3%, P < 0.05). Expression of both PTEN and Ki67 were strongly associated with tumor histology, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, differentiation and 4-year postoperative survival rate (P < 0.05). However, PTEN expression was negatively correlated with Ki67 expression (r = -0.279, P < 0.05). In conclusion, low PTEN expression and Ki67 overexpression are associated with malignant invasion and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC. These proteins may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ji
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Mingfeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Shugao Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yijiang Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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EGFR T790M mutation as a possible target for immunotherapy; identification of HLA-A*0201-restricted T cell epitopes derived from the EGFR T790M mutation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78389. [PMID: 24223798 PMCID: PMC3818324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, has achieved high clinical response rates in patients with non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). However, over time, most tumors develop acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, which is associated with the secondary EGFR T790M resistance mutation in about half the cases. Currently there are no effective treatment options for patients with this resistance mutation. Here we identified two novel HLA-A*0201 (A2)-restricted T cell epitopes containing the mutated methionine residue of the EGFR T790M mutation, T790M-5 (MQLMPFGCLL) and T790M-7 (LIMQLMPFGCL), as potential targets for EGFR-TKI-resistant patients. When peripheral blood cells were repeatedly stimulated in vitro with these two peptides and assessed by antigen-specific IFN-γ secretion, T cell lines responsive to T790M-5 and T790M-7 were established in 5 of 6 (83%) and 3 of 6 (50%) healthy donors, respectively. Additionally, the T790M-5- and T790M-7-specific T cell lines displayed an MHC class I-restricted reactivity against NSCLC cell lines expressing both HLA-A2 and the T790M mutation. Interestingly, the NSCLC patients with antigen-specific T cell responses to these epitopes showed a significantly less frequency of EGFR-T790M mutation than those without them [1 of 7 (14%) vs 9 of 15 (60%); chi-squared test, p = 0.0449], indicating the negative correlation between the immune responses to the EGFR-T790M-derived epitopes and the presence of EGFR-T790M mutation in NSCLC patients. This finding could possibly be explained by the hypothesis that immune responses to the mutated neo-antigens derived from T790M might prevent the emergence of tumor cell variants with the T790M resistance mutation in NSCLC patients during EGFR-TKI treatment. Together, our results suggest that the identified T cell epitopes might provide a novel immunotherapeutic approach for prevention and/or treatment of EGFR-TKI resistance with the secondary EGFR T790M resistance mutation in NSCLC patients.
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Dual inhibition of MEK1/2 and EGFR synergistically induces caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in EGFR inhibitor-resistant lung cancer cells via BIM upregulation. Invest New Drugs 2013; 31:1458-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-013-0030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Corominas-Faja B, Oliveras-Ferraros C, Cuyàs E, Segura-Carretero A, Joven J, Martin-Castillo B, Barrajón-Catalán E, Micol V, Bosch-Barrera J, Menendez JA. Stem cell-like ALDH(bright) cellular states in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: a novel mechanism of acquired resistance to erlotinib targetable with the natural polyphenol silibinin. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:3390-404. [PMID: 24047698 DOI: 10.4161/cc.26417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The enrichment of cancer stem cell (CSC)-like cellular states has not previously been considered to be a causative mechanism in the generalized progression of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) after an initial response to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib. To explore this possibility, we utilized a pre-clinical model of acquired erlotinib resistance established by growing NSCLC cells containing a TKI-sensitizing EGFR exon 19 deletion (ΔE746-A750) in the continuous presence of high doses of erlotinib. Genome-wide analyses using Agilent 44K Whole Human Genome Arrays were evaluated via bioinformatics analyses through GSEA-based screening of the KEGG pathway database to identify the molecular circuitries that were over-represented in the transcriptomic signatures of erlotinib-refractory cells. The genomic spaces related to erlotinib resistance included a preponderance of cell cycle genes (E2F1, - 2, CDC2, -6) and DNA replication-related genes (MCM4, - 5, - 6, - 7), most of which are associated with early lung development and poor prognosis. In addition, metabolic genes such as ALDH1A3 (a candidate marker for lung cancer cells with CSC-like properties) were identified. Thus, we measured the proportion of erlotinib-resistant cells expressing very high levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity attributed to ALDH1/3 isoforms. Using flow cytometry and the ALDEFLUOR® reagent, we confirmed that erlotinib-refractory cell populations contained drastically higher percentages (> 4500%) of ALDH(bright) cells than the parental erlotinib-responsive cells. Notably, strong decreases in the percentages of ALDH(bright) cells were observed following incubation with silibinin, a bioactive flavonolignan that can circumvent erlotinib resistance in vivo. The number of lung cancer spheres was drastically suppressed by silibinin in a dose-dependent manner, thus confirming the ability of this agent to inhibit the self-renewal of erlotinib-refractory CSC-like cells. This report is the first to show that: (1) loss of responsiveness to erlotinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC can be explained in terms of erlotinib-refractory ALDH(bright) cells, which have been shown to exhibit stem cell-like properties; and (2) erlotinib-refractory ALDH(bright) cells are sensitive to the natural agent silibinin. Our findings highlight the benefit of administration of silibinin in combination with EGFR TKIs to target CSCs and minimize the ability of tumor cells to escape cell death in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Corominas-Faja
- Metabolism & Cancer Group; Translational Research Laboratory; Catalan Institute of Oncology; Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI); Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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43
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Hao H, Maeda Y, Fukazawa T, Yamatsuji T, Takaoka M, Bao XH, Matsuoka J, Okui T, Shimo T, Takigawa N, Tomono Y, Nakajima M, Fink-Baldauf IM, Nelson S, Seibel W, Papoian R, Whitsett JA, Naomoto Y. Inhibition of the growth factor MDK/midkine by a novel small molecule compound to treat non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71093. [PMID: 23976985 PMCID: PMC3745462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Midkine (MDK) is a heparin-binding growth factor that is highly expressed in many malignant tumors, including lung cancers. MDK activates the PI3K pathway and induces anti-apoptotic activity, in turn enhancing the survival of tumors. Therefore, the inhibition of MDK is considered a potential strategy for cancer therapy. In the present study, we demonstrate a novel small molecule compound (iMDK) that targets MDK. iMDK inhibited the cell growth of MDK-positive H441 lung adenocarcinoma cells that harbor an oncogenic KRAS mutation and H520 squamous cell lung cancer cells, both of which are types of untreatable lung cancer. However, iMDK did not reduce the cell viability of MDK-negative A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells or normal human lung fibroblast (NHLF) cells indicating its specificity. iMDK suppressed the endogenous expression of MDK but not that of other growth factors such as PTN or VEGF. iMDK suppressed the growth of H441 cells by inhibiting the PI3K pathway and inducing apoptosis. Systemic administration of iMDK significantly inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model in vivo. Inhibition of MDK with iMDK provides a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of lung cancers that are driven by MDK.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Coumarins/pharmacology
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Female
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Midkine
- Molecular Weight
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Nerve Growth Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Growth Factors/genetics
- Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Hao
- Kawasaki Hospital Research Center, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Takuya Fukazawa
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yamatsuji
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Munenori Takaoka
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xiao-Hong Bao
- Kawasaki Hospital Research Center, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basical Medicine, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Junji Matsuoka
- Department of Palliative Care and Cancer Survivorship, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Okui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nagio Takigawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | | | | | - Iris M. Fink-Baldauf
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sandra Nelson
- Drug Discovery Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio, United States of America
| | - William Seibel
- Drug Discovery Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ruben Papoian
- Drug Discovery Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A. Whitsett
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yoshio Naomoto
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
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44
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Provost JJ, Wallert MA. Inside out: targeting NHE1 as an intracellular and extracellular regulator of cancer progression. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 81:85-101. [PMID: 23253131 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one is a critical regulator of intracellular pH, serves as an anchor for the formation of cytoplasmic signaling complexes, and modulates cytoskeletal organization. There is a growing interest in the potential for sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one as a therapeutic target against cancer. Sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one transport drives formation of membrane protrusions essential for cell migration and contributes to the establishment of a tumor microenvironment that leads to the rearrangement of the extracellular matrix further supporting tumor progression. Here, we focus on the potential impact that an inexpensive, $100 genome would have in identifying prospective therapeutic targets to treat tumors based upon changes in gene expression and variation of sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one regulators. In particular, we will focus on the ezrin, radixin, moesin family proteins, calcineurin B homologous proteins, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling, and phosphoinositide signaling as they relate to the regulation of sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Provost
- Center for Biopharmaceutical Research and Production, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
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A mechanism of resistance to gefitinib mediated by cellular reprogramming and the acquisition of an FGF2-FGFR1 autocrine growth loop. Oncogenesis 2013; 2:e39. [PMID: 23552882 PMCID: PMC3641357 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2013.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite initial and often dramatic responses of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-addicted lung tumors to the EGFR-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), gefitinib and erlotinib, nearly all develop resistance and relapse. To explore novel mechanisms mediating acquired resistance, we employed non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines bearing activating mutations in EGFR and rendered them resistant to EGFR-specific TKIs through chronic adaptation in tissue culture. In addition to previously observed resistance mechanisms including EGFR-T790M ‘gate-keeper' mutations and MET amplification, a subset of the seven chronically adapted NSCLC cell lines including HCC4006, HCC2279 and H1650 cells exhibited marked induction of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 and FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) mRNA and protein. Also, adaptation to EGFR-specific TKIs was accompanied by an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) as assessed by changes in CDH1, VIM, ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression and altered growth properties in Matrigel. In adapted cell lines exhibiting increased FGF2 and FGFR1 expression, measures of growth and signaling, but not EMT, were blocked by FGFR-specific TKIs, an FGF-ligand trap and FGFR1 silencing with RNAi. In parental HCC4006 cells, cell growth was strongly inhibited by gefitinib, although drug-resistant clones progress within 10 days. Combined treatment with gefitinib and AZD4547, an FGFR-specific TKI, prevented the outgrowth of drug-resistant clones. Thus, induction of FGF2 and FGFR1 following chronic adaptation to EGFR-specific TKIs provides a novel autocrine receptor tyrosine kinase-driven bypass pathway in a subset of lung cancer cell lines that are initially sensitive to EGFR-specific TKIs. The findings support FGFR-specific TKIs as potentially valuable additions to existing targeted therapeutic strategies with EGFR-specific TKIs to prevent or delay acquired resistance in EGFR-driven NSCLC.
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46
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Xue H, Zhou S, Lu W, Zhao Z. [The targets research of non-small cell lung cancer targeted therapy]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2013; 16:107-13. [PMID: 23425904 PMCID: PMC6000387 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2013.02.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
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47
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Antonicelli A, Cafarotti S, Indini A, Galli A, Russo A, Cesario A, Lococo FM, Russo P, Mainini AF, Bonifati LG, Nosotti M, Santambrogio L, Margaritora S, Granone PM, Dutly AE. EGFR-targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: focus on EGFR oncogenic mutation. Int J Med Sci 2013; 10:320-30. [PMID: 23423768 PMCID: PMC3575628 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.4609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The two essential requirements for pathologic specimens in the era of personalized therapies for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) are accurate subtyping as adenocarcinoma (ADC) versus squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) and suitability for EGFR molecular testing, as well as for testing of other oncogenes such as EML4-ALK and KRAS. Actually, the value of EGFR expressed in patients with NSCLC in predicting a benefit in terms of survival from treatment with an epidermal growth factor receptor targeted therapy is still in debate, while there is a convincing evidence on the predictive role of the EGFR mutational status with regard to the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).This is a literature overview on the state-of-the-art of EGFR oncogenic mutation in NSCLC. It is designed to highlight the preclinical rationale driving the molecular footprint assessment, the progressive development of a specific pharmacological treatment and the best method to identify those NSCLC who would most likely benefit from treatment with EGFR-targeted therapy. This is supported by the belief that a rationale for the prioritization of specific regimens based on patient-tailored therapy could be closer than commonly expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Antonicelli
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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48
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Li J, Pan YY, Zhang Y. Synergistic interaction between sorafenib and gemcitabine in EGFR-TKI-sensitive and EGFR-TKI-resistant human lung cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2012; 5:440-446. [PMID: 23420122 PMCID: PMC3573056 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is a highly selective multi-targeted agent and has been reported to have potent antitumor effects against various tumors, including human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, we explored the antitumor effect and associated molecular mechanisms of sorafenib against human lung cancer cell lines in vitro. We also investigated the efficacy of concurrent and sequential administration of sorafenib and gemcitabine in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-sensitive and EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cell lines. The PC-9 (EGFR-TKI-sensitive, EGFR-mutated) and A549 (EGFR-TKI-resistant, K-Ras-mutated) NSCLC cell lines were treated with sorafenib and gemcitabine, alone, in combination or with different schedules. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay, cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry and alterations in signaling pathways were analyzed by western blotting. We found that sorafenib exhibited dose-dependent growth inhibition in the EGFR-TKI-sensitive and EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cell lines, and the sequence gemcitabine→sorafenib exhibited the strongest synergism. Sorafenib arrested the cell cycle at G1 phase, whereas gemcitabine caused arrest at S phase. The molecular mechanism of this synergism is that the downstream signaling pathways that were initially activated by gemcitabine exposure were efficiently suppressed by the subsequent exposure to sorafenib. By contrast, the reverse of this sequential administration resulted in antagonism, which may be due to differential effects on cell cycle arrest. The results suggest that sorafenib as a single agent exhibits anti-proliferative effects in vitro in NSCLC cell lines with EGFR and K-Ras mutations and that the sequential administration of gemcitabine followed by sorafenib is superior to sorafenib followed by gemcitabine and concurrent administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061
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邵 岚, 宋 正, 张 沂, 苏 丹. [Advances of molecular subtype and targeted therapy of lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2012; 15:545-52. [PMID: 22989458 PMCID: PMC5999864 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2012.09.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of multiple molecular mechanisms underlying the development, progression, and prognosis of lung cancer, has created new opportunities for targeted therapy. Each subtype is associated with molecular tests that define the subtype and drugs that may have potential therapeutic effect on lung cancer. In 2004, mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR) gene were discovered in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), especially in adenocarcinomas. And they are strongly associated with sensitivity to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Moreover, in 2007 the existence of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene was discovered in NSCLC, and the same as EGFR-TKIs, ALK inhibitors are being found to be highly effective in lung cancers. At present, multiple molecular subtype of lung cancer and relevant targeted drugs are undering study. Here, we review the remarkable progress in molecular subtype of lung cancer and the related targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- 岚 邵
- 310022 杭州,浙江省肿瘤医院化疗中心Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
- 310022 杭州,浙江省胸部肿瘤重点实验室Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - 正波 宋
- 310022 杭州,浙江省肿瘤医院化疗中心Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
- 310022 杭州,浙江省胸部肿瘤重点实验室Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - 沂平 张
- 310022 杭州,浙江省肿瘤医院化疗中心Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
- 310022 杭州,浙江省胸部肿瘤重点实验室Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - 丹 苏
- 310022 杭州,浙江省胸部肿瘤重点实验室Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology, Hangzhou 310022, China
- 310022 杭州,浙江省肿瘤医院肿瘤研究所Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
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50
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De Grève J, Decoster L, van Brummelen D, Geers C, Schallier D. Is there a third line option after chemotherapy and TKI failure in advanced non-small cell lung cancer? Transl Lung Cancer Res 2012; 1:152-4. [PMID: 25806173 PMCID: PMC4367571 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2012.06.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques De Grève
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lore Decoster
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - David van Brummelen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Geers
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Denis Schallier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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