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Ren R, Xiong C, Ma R, Wang Y, Yue T, Yu J, Shao B. The recent progress of myeloid-derived suppressor cell and its targeted therapies in cancers. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e323. [PMID: 37547175 PMCID: PMC10397484 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an immature group of myeloid-derived cells generated from myeloid cell precursors in the bone marrow. MDSCs appear almost exclusively in pathological conditions, such as tumor progression and various inflammatory diseases. The leading function of MDSCs is their immunosuppressive ability, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis through their immunosuppressive effects. Since MDSCs have specific molecular features, and only a tiny amount exists in physiological conditions, MDSC-targeted therapy has become a promising research direction for tumor treatment with minimal side effects. In this review, we briefly introduce the classification, generation and maturation process, and features of MDSCs, and detail their functions under various circumstances. The present review specifically demonstrates the environmental specificity of MDSCs, highlighting the differences between MDSCs from cancer and healthy individuals, as well as tumor-infiltrating MDSCs and circulating MDSCs. Then, we further describe recent advances in MDSC-targeted therapies. The existing and potential targeted drugs are divided into three categories, monoclonal antibodies, small-molecular inhibitors, and peptides. Their targeting mechanisms and characteristics have been summarized respectively. We believe that a comprehensive in-depth understanding of MDSC-targeted therapy could provide more possibilities for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesDepartment of OrthodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chenyi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Runyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tianyang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jiayun Yu
- Department of RadiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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2
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Zhang M, Meng Y, Ying Y, Zhou P, Zhang S, Fang Y, Yao Y, Li D. Selective activation of STAT3 and STAT5 dictates the fate of myeloid progenitor cells. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:274. [PMID: 37507383 PMCID: PMC10382539 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular programs that govern the directed differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells are still poorly defined. Using a previously established immortalized, phenotypically normal myeloid progenitor cell model mEB8-ER, we unveil a new mechanism mediated by STAT5 and STAT3 at a bifurcation point of myeloid progenitor cell-fate specification. We find that myeloid progenitor cells can spontaneously differentiate into neutrophils with a basal level of STAT3 phosphorylation, which is enhanced by G-CSF treatment or STAT3 over-expression, leading to elevated neutrophil differentiation. Reduced STAT3 phosphorylation caused by GM-CSF treatment, STAT3 specific inhibitor, or STAT3 depletion leads to attenuated myeloid differentiation into neutrophils, while elevating differentiation into monocytes/macrophages. In contrast, STAT5 appears to have an antagonistic function to STAT3. When activated by GM-CSF, STAT5 promotes myeloid differentiation into monocytes/macrophages but inhibits neutrophil differentiation. At the mechanistic level, GM-CSF activates STAT5 to up-regulate SOCS3, which attenuates STAT3 phosphorylation and consequently neutrophil differentiation, while enhancing monocyte/macrophage differentiation. Furthermore, inhibition of STAT5 and STAT3 in primary myeloid progenitors recapitulates the results from the mEB8-ER model. Together, our findings provide new mechanistic insights into myeloid differentiation and may prove useful for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to abnormal myeloid differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxia Ying
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingting Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suning Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Zhao Y, Du J, Shen X. Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor immunotherapy: Current, future and beyond. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1157537. [PMID: 37006306 PMCID: PMC10063857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1157537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are one of the major negative regulators in tumor microenvironment (TME) due to their potent immunosuppressive capacity. MDSCs are the products of myeloid progenitor abnormal differentiation in bone marrow, which inhibits the immune response mediated by T cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells; promotes the generation of regulatory T cells and tumor-associated macrophages; drives the immune escape; and finally leads to tumor progression and metastasis. In this review, we highlight key features of MDSCs biology in TME that are being explored as potential targets for tumor immunotherapy. We discuss the therapies and approaches that aim to reprogram TME from immunosuppressive to immunostimulatory circumstance, which prevents MDSC immunosuppression activity; promotes MDSC differentiation; and impacts MDSC recruitment and abundance in tumor site. We also summarize current advances in the identification of rational combinatorial strategies to improve clinical efficacy and outcomes of cancer patients, via deeply understanding and pursuing the mechanisms and characterization of MDSCs generation and suppression in TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Du
- Department of General Surgery, The 7th Medical Center, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junfeng Du, ; Xiaofei Shen,
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Junfeng Du, ; Xiaofei Shen,
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Valencia JC, Erwin-Cohen RA, Clavijo PE, Allen C, Sanford ME, Day CP, Hess MM, Johnson M, Yin J, Fenimore JM, Bettencourt IA, Tsuneyama K, Romero ME, Klarmann KD, Jiang P, Bae HR, McVicar DW, Merlino G, Edmondson EF, Anandasabapathy N, Young HA. Myeloid-Derived Suppressive Cell Expansion Promotes Melanoma Growth and Autoimmunity by Inhibiting CD40/IL27 Regulation in Macrophages. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5977-5990. [PMID: 34642183 PMCID: PMC8639618 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between cancer and autoimmunity is complex. However, the incidence of solid tumors such as melanoma has increased significantly among patients with previous or newly diagnosed systemic autoimmune disease (AID). At the same time, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy of cancer induces de novo autoinflammation and exacerbates underlying AID, even without evident antitumor responses. Recently, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity was found to drive myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) formation in patients, a known barrier to healthy immune surveillance and successful cancer immunotherapy. Cross-talk between MDSCs and macrophages generally drives immune suppressive activity in the tumor microenvironment. However, it remains unclear how peripheral pregenerated MDSC under chronic inflammatory conditions modulates global macrophage immune functions and the impact it could have on existing tumors and underlying lupus nephritis. Here we show that pathogenic expansion of SLE-generated MDSCs by melanoma drives global macrophage polarization and simultaneously impacts the severity of lupus nephritis and tumor progression in SLE-prone mice. Molecular and functional data showed that MDSCs interact with autoimmune macrophages and inhibit cell surface expression of CD40 and the production of IL27. Moreover, low CD40/IL27 signaling in tumors correlated with high tumor-associated macrophage infiltration and ICB therapy resistance both in murine and human melanoma exhibiting active IFNγ signatures. These results suggest that preventing global macrophage reprogramming induced by MDSC-mediated inhibition of CD40/IL27 signaling provides a precision melanoma immunotherapy strategy, supporting an original and advantageous approach to treat solid tumors within established autoimmune landscapes. SIGNIFICANCE: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells induce macrophage reprogramming by suppressing CD40/IL27 signaling to drive melanoma progression, simultaneously affecting underlying autoimmune disease and facilitating resistance to immunotherapy within preexisting autoimmune landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Valencia
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, CCR, NCI, Frederick Maryland.
| | | | - Paul E Clavijo
- Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Clint Allen
- Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Chi-Ping Day
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Megan M Hess
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, CCR, NCI, Frederick Maryland
| | - Morgan Johnson
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, CCR, NCI, Frederick Maryland
| | - Jie Yin
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, CCR, NCI, Frederick Maryland
| | - John M Fenimore
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, CCR, NCI, Frederick Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | - Peng Jiang
- Cancer Data Science laboratory, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Heekyong R Bae
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, CCR, NCI, Frederick Maryland
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, CCR, NCI, Frederick Maryland
| | - Glenn Merlino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Howard A Young
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, CCR, NCI, Frederick Maryland
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Xu W, Li S, Li M, Yang X, Xie S, Lin L, Li G, Zhou H. Targeted elimination of myeloid-derived suppressor cells via regulation of the STAT pathway alleviates tumor immunosuppression in neuroblastoma. Immunol Lett 2021; 240:31-40. [PMID: 34600949 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) has high morality rates and is the most common malignant tumor found in children. High aggregation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment results in immunosuppression and affects therapeutic effectiveness. At present, doxorubicin (DOX) and dopamine (DA) are the specific drugs used to selectively remove or mature MDSCs. The aim of the present study was to explore the feasibility and underlying mechanism of targeting elimination of MDSCs via DOX or DA administration to alleviate tumor immunosuppression in NB. In the present study, a BALB/c tumor-bearing mouse model was established, and mice were grouped into the control, DOX2.5, DOX5 and DA50 mg/kg groups. DOX or DA were injected intravenously on days 7 and 12 after inoculation, following which the parameters related to the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in MDSCs, the proportion of MDSCs, T cell infiltration, programmed death-1 (PD-1) on the surface of T cells, the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs), polarization of tumor-related macrophages (TAMs) and tumor growth were compared between the groups on days 14, 17 and 23 after inoculation. The results demonstrated that following DOX or DA administration, STAT1/phosphorylated (p)-STAT1 decreased, whereas STAT3/p-STAT3, STAT5/p-STAT5 and STAT6/p-STAT6 increased, which was accompanied by a decrease in the MDSC proportion in each experimental group. Simultaneously, T cell infiltration in tumors was increased, whereas expression of PD-1, the number of Tregs, TAM polarization and tumor growth were inhibited. The most significant findings were observed in the DOX2.5 mg/kg group. To conclude, low dose DOX or DA administration could effectively regulate the STAT pathway to eliminate MDSCs, alleviate immunosuppression and improve the immune response against NB tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Xu
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China.
| | - Suolin Li
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Shaojian Xie
- Departments of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lin
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Guixin Li
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Suppressive myeloid cells are expanded by biliary tract cancer-derived cytokines in vitro and associate with aggressive disease. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1377-1386. [PMID: 32747748 PMCID: PMC7591861 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-1018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background BTC is an aggressive disease exacerbated by inflammation and immune suppression. Expansion of immunosuppressive cells occurs in biliary tract cancer (BTC), yet the role of BTC-derived cytokines in this process is unclear. Methods Activated signalling pathways and cytokine production were evaluated in a panel of human BTC cell lines. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with BTC supernatants, with and without cytokine neutralising antibodies, and analysed by flow cytometry or immunoblot. A human BTC tissue microarray (TMA, n = 69) was stained for IL-6, GM-CSF, and CD33+S100a9+ cells and correlated with clinical outcomes. Results Immunomodulatory factors (IL-6, GM-CSF, MCP-1) were present in BTC supernatants. BTC supernatants expanded CD33dimCD11b+HLA-DRlow/− myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) from human PBMCs. Neutralisation of IL-6 and GM-CSF in BTC supernatants inhibited activation of STAT3/5, respectively, in PBMCs, with heterogeneous effects on MDSC expansion in vitro. Staining of a BTC TMA revealed a positive correlation between IL-6 and GM-CSF, with each cytokine and more CD33+S100a9+ cells. Increased CD33+S100a9+ staining positively correlated with higher tumour grade, differentiation and the presence of satellite lesions. Conclusion BTC-derived factors promote suppressive myeloid cell expansion, and higher numbers of CD33+S100a9+ cells in resectable BTC tumours correlates with more aggressive disease.
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Xu P, Yin K, Tang X, Tian J, Zhang Y, Ma J, Xu H, Xu Q, Wang S. Metformin inhibits the function of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109458. [PMID: 31550676 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin, an oral medicine broadly used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has been found to significantly improve tumor incidence and survival in large-scale clinical analysis. In recent years, the antitumor effect and mechanism of metformin have received much attention. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a major immunosuppressive cell type that accumulates in tumor-bearing hosts, can inhibit T cells and promote tumor immune escape. The mechanism by which metformin exerts its anti-tumor effect by regulating MDSCs remains unclear. Here, we found that metformin could inhibit the accumulation and suppressive capacity of G-MDSCs, delay tumor progression and elicit Th1 and CTL responses in murine colon cancer CT-26 cell-transplanted mice. In additionally, metformin could enhance the phosphorylation of AMPK, reduce STAT3 phosphorylation levels, and down-regulate the inhibitory function of G-MDSCs in vitro. These results suggest that metformin may be a potential clinical benefit for antitumor immunotherapy in tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqi Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Xinyi Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qinglei Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang People's Hospital, Shuyang Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Shuyang, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Pilatova K, Bencsikova B, Demlova R, Valik D, Zdrazilova-Dubska L. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in patients with solid tumors: considerations for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 67:1919-1929. [PMID: 29748897 PMCID: PMC11028306 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been shown to contribute to tumor escape from host immune surveillance and to cancer progression by production of tumor-promoting soluble factors. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a principle cytokine controlling granulocyte number. Recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) has become the main therapeutic agent for the treatment of neutropenia and prophylaxis of febrile neutropenia in cancer patients. However, we show here that rhG-CSF triggers accumulation of granulocytic and monocytic subsets. Consequently, we discuss the pharmacological use of granulopoiesis stimulating factors not only in the context of febrile neutropenia but also from the perspective of MDSC-dependent and MDSC-independent mechanisms of immunosuppression and cancer angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Pilatova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 656 53, Brno, Czech Republic
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Beatrix Bencsikova
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Regina Demlova
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Clinical Trial Unit, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Valik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 656 53, Brno, Czech Republic
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Zdrazilova-Dubska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 656 53, Brno, Czech Republic.
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Manrique SZ, Dominguez AL, Mirza N, Spencer CD, Bradley JM, Finke JH, Lee JJ, Pease LR, Gendler SJ, Cohen PA. Definitive activation of endogenous antitumor immunity by repetitive cycles of cyclophosphamide with interspersed Toll-like receptor agonists. Oncotarget 2018; 7:42919-42942. [PMID: 27341020 PMCID: PMC5189997 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cancers both evoke and subvert endogenous anti-tumor immunity. However, immunosuppression can be therapeutically reversed in subsets of cancer patients by treatments such as checkpoint inhibitors or Toll-like receptor agonists (TLRa). Moreover, chemotherapy can leukodeplete immunosuppressive host elements, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs). We hypothesized that chemotherapy-induced leukodepletion could be immunopotentiated by co-administering TLRa to emulate a life-threatening infection. Combining CpG (ODN 1826) or CpG+poly(I:C) with cyclophosphamide (CY) resulted in uniquely well-tolerated therapeutic synergy, permanently eradicating advanced mouse tumors including 4T1 (breast), Panc02 (pancreas) and CT26 (colorectal). Definitive treatment required endogenous CD8+ and CD4+ IFNγ-producing T-cells. Tumor-specific IFNγ-producing T-cells persisted during CY-induced leukopenia, whereas Tregs were progressively eliminated, especially intratumorally. Spleen-associated MDSCs were cyclically depleted by CY+TLRa treatment, with residual monocytic MDSCs requiring only continued exposure to CpG or CpG+IFNγ to effectively attack malignant cells while sparing non-transformed cells. Such tumor destruction occurred despite upregulated tumor expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1, but could be blocked by clodronate-loaded liposomes to deplete phagocytic cells or by nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. CY+TLRa also induced tumoricidal myeloid cells in naive mice, indicating that CY+TLRa's immunomodulatory impacts occurred in the complete absence of tumor-bearing, and that tumor-induced MDSCs were not an essential source of tumoricidal myeloid precursors. Repetitive CY+TLRa can therefore modulate endogenous immunity to eradicate advanced tumors without vaccinations or adoptive T-cell therapy. Human blood monocytes could be rendered similarly tumoricidal during in vitro activation with TLRa+IFNγ, underscoring the potential therapeutic relevance of these mouse tumor studies to cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana L Dominguez
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Noweeda Mirza
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Judy M Bradley
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - James H Finke
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James J Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Larry R Pease
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Sandra J Gendler
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Peter A Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a heterogeneous, immune-suppressive leukocyte population that develops systemically and infiltrates tumors. MDSCs can restrain the immune response through different mechanisms including essential metabolite consumption, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production, as well as display of inhibitory surface molecules that alter T-cell trafficking and viability. Moreover, MDSCs play a role in tumor progression, acting directly on tumor cells and promoting cancer stemness, angiogenesis, stroma deposition, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis formation. Many biological and pharmaceutical drugs affect MDSC expansion and functions in preclinical tumor models and patients, often reversing host immune dysfunctions and allowing a more effective tumor immunotherapy.
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Pyzer AR, Cole L, Rosenblatt J, Avigan DE. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as effectors of immune suppression in cancer. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1915-26. [PMID: 27299510 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment consists of an immunosuppressive niche created by the complex interactions between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells. A critical component of this environment are myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells arrested at different stages of differentiation and expanded in response to a variety of tumor factors. MDSCs exert diverse effects in modulating the interactions between immune effector cells and the malignant cells. An increased presence of MDSCs is associated with tumor progression, poorer outcomes, and decreased effectiveness of immunotherapeutic strategies. In this article, we will review our current understanding of the mechanisms that underlie MDSC expansion and their immune-suppressive function. Finally, we review the preclinical studies and clinical trials that have attempted to target MDSCs, in order to improve responses to cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athalia Rachel Pyzer
- Bone Marrow Transplant, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Life Sciences, CLS724, Boston, MA
| | - Leandra Cole
- Bone Marrow Transplant, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Life Sciences, CLS724, Boston, MA
| | - Jacalyn Rosenblatt
- Bone Marrow Transplant, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Life Sciences, CLS724, Boston, MA
| | - David E Avigan
- Bone Marrow Transplant, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Life Sciences, CLS724, Boston, MA
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13
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Ogbonnaya A, Manafa P, Chucks E, Okeke K, Alo M, Godwin O. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive subjects co-infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/jahr2015.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Aliper AM, Frieden-Korovkina VP, Buzdin A, Roumiantsev SA, Zhavoronkov A. Interactome analysis of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in murine models of colon and breast cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 5:11345-53. [PMID: 25294811 PMCID: PMC4294358 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In solid cancers, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) infiltrate (peri)tumoral tissues to induce immune tolerance and hence to establish a microenvironment permissive to tumor growth. Importantly, the mechanisms that facilitate such infiltration or a subsequent immune suppression are not fully understood. Hence, in this study, we aimed to delineate disparate molecular pathways which MDSC utilize in murine models of colon or breast cancer. Using pathways enrichment analysis, we completed interactome maps of multiple signaling pathways in CD11b+/Gr1(high/low) MDSC from spleens and tumor infiltrates of mice with c26GM colon cancer and tumor infiltrates of MDSC in 4T1 breast cancer. In both cancer models, infiltrating MDSC, but not CD11b+ splenic cells, have been found to be enriched in multiple signaling molecules suggestive of their enhanced proliferative and invasive phenotypes. The interactome data has been subsequently used to reconstruct a previously unexplored regulation of MDSC cell cycle by the c-myc transcription factor which was predicted by the analysis. Thus, this study represents a first interactome mapping of distinct multiple molecular pathways whereby MDSC sustain cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Aliper
- Federal Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia. Insilico Medicine, Inc., Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Anton Buzdin
- Federal Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia. Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, Russia. Pathway Pharmaceuticals, Limited, Wan Chai, Hong Kong
| | - Sergey A Roumiantsev
- Federal Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow, Russian
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Federal Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia. Insilico Medicine, Inc., Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow, Russian. The Biogerontology Research Foundation, BGRF, London, UK
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15
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Kittang AO, Kordasti S, Sand KE, Costantini B, Kramer AM, Perezabellan P, Seidl T, Rye KP, Hagen KM, Kulasekararaj A, Bruserud Ø, Mufti GJ. Expansion of myeloid derived suppressor cells correlates with number of T regulatory cells and disease progression in myelodysplastic syndrome. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1062208. [PMID: 27057428 PMCID: PMC4801428 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1062208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the role of CD4+ T cells and in particular Tregs and Th17 cells is established in myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS), the contribution of other components of immune system is yet to be elucidated fully. In this study we investigated the number and function of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in fresh peripheral blood and matched bone marrow samples from 42 MDS patients and the potential correlation with risk of disease progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In peripheral blood, very low-/low risk patients had significantly lower median MDSC number (0.16×109/L(0.03-0.40)) compared to intermediate-/high-/very high risk patients, in whom median MDSC counts was 0.52×109/L(0.10-1.78), p < 0.005. When co-cultured with CD4+ effector T-cells (T-effectors), MDSCs suppress Teffector proliferation in both allogeneic and autologous settings. There was a positive correlation between the number of Tregs and MDSCs (Spearman R = 0.825, p < 0.005) in high risk and not low risk patients. We also investigated MDSCs' expression of bone marrow-homing chemokine receptors, and our data shows that MDSCs from MDS patients express both CXCR4 and CX3CR1 which might facilitate migration of MDSCs to bone marrow. Monocytic MDSCs(M-MDSCs) which are more frequent in the peripheral blood express higher levels of CX3CR1 and CXCR4 than the granulocytic subtype (G-MDSCs), and circulating M-MDSCs had significantly higher CX3CR1 expression compared to bone-marrow M-MDSCs in intermediate-/high-/very high risk MDS. Our results suggest that MDSCs contribute significantly to the dysregulation of immune surveillance in MDS, which is different between low and high risk disease. It further points at mechanisms of MDSCs recruitment and contribution to the bone marrow microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Olsnes Kittang
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London and King's College Hospital; London, UK; Department of Clinical Science; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen, Norway
| | - Shahram Kordasti
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London and King's College Hospital ; London, UK
| | - Kristoffer Evebø Sand
- Department of Clinical Science; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen ; Bergen, Norway
| | - Benedetta Costantini
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London and King's College Hospital ; London, UK
| | - Anne Marijn Kramer
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London and King's College Hospital ; London, UK
| | - Pilar Perezabellan
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London and King's College Hospital ; London, UK
| | - Thomas Seidl
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London and King's College Hospital ; London, UK
| | - Kristin Paulsen Rye
- Department of Clinical Science; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen ; Bergen, Norway
| | - Karen Marie Hagen
- Department of Clinical Science; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen ; Bergen, Norway
| | - Austin Kulasekararaj
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London and King's College Hospital ; London, UK
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Clinical Science; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen ; Bergen, Norway
| | - Ghulam J Mufti
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London and King's College Hospital ; London, UK
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16
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Pan W, Sun Q, Wang Y, Wang J, Cao S, Ren X. Highlights on mechanisms of drugs targeting MDSCs: providing a novel perspective on cancer treatment. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:3159-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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17
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Raychaudhuri B, Rayman P, Huang P, Grabowski M, Hambardzumyan D, Finke JH, Vogelbaum MA. Myeloid derived suppressor cell infiltration of murine and human gliomas is associated with reduction of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. J Neurooncol 2015; 122:293-301. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-015-1720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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18
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Liver tolerance is manifest as a bias toward immune unresponsiveness, both in the context of a major histocompatibility complex-mismatched liver transplant and in the context of liver infection. Two broad classes of mechanisms account for liver tolerance. The presentation of antigens by different liver cell types results in incomplete activation of CD8(+) T cells, usually leading to initial proliferation followed by either clonal exhaustion or premature death of the T cell. Many liver infections result in relatively poor CD4(+) T-cell activation, which may be because liver antigen-presenting cells express a variety of inhibitory cytokines and coinhibitor ligands. Poor CD4(+) T-cell activation by liver antigens likely contributes to abortive activation, exhaustion, and early death of CD8(+) T cells. In addition, a network of active immunosuppressive pathways in the liver is mediated mostly by myeloid cells. Kupffer cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and liver dendritic cells both promote activation of regulatory T cells and suppress CD8(+) and CD4(+) effector T cells. This suppressive network responds to diverse inputs, including signals from hepatocytes, sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatic stellate cells. CONCLUSION Though liver tolerance may be exploited by pathogens, it serves a valuable purpose. Hepatitis A and B infections occasionally elicit a powerful immune response sufficient to cause fatal massive liver necrosis. More commonly, the mechanisms of liver tolerance limit the magnitude of intrahepatic immune responses, allowing the liver to recover. The cost of this adaptive mechanism may be incomplete pathogen eradication, leading to chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian N Crispe
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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19
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Immunosuppressive therapy in allograft transplantation: from novel insights and strategies to tolerance and challenges. Cent Eur J Immunol 2014; 39:400-9. [PMID: 26155155 PMCID: PMC4440012 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2014.45955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppression therapy is the key to successful post-transplantation outcomes. The need for ideal immunosuppression became durable maintenance of long-term graft survival. In spite of current immunosuppressive therapy regimens advances, surgical procedures, and preservation methods, organ transplantation is associated with a long-term poor survival and significant mortality. This has led to an increased interest to optimize outcomes while minimizing associated toxicity by using alternative methods for maintenance immunosuppression, organ rejection treatment, and monitoring of immunosuppression. T regulatory (Treg) cells, which have immunosuppressive functions and cytokine profiles, have been studied during the last decades. Treg cells are able to inhibit the development of allergen-specific cell responses and consequently play a key role in a healthy immune response to allergens. Mature dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the differentiation of Tregs, which are known to regulate allergic inflammatory responses. Advance in long-standing allograft outcomes may depend on new drugs with novel mechanisms of action with minimal toxicity. Newer treatment techniques have been developed, including using novel stem cell-based therapies such as mesenchymal stem cells, phagosomes and exosomes. Immunoisolation techniques and salvage therapies, including photopheresis and total lymphoid irradiation have emerged as alternative therapeutic choices. The present review evaluates the recent clinical advances in immunosuppressive therapies for organ transplantation.
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21
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Vrakas CN, O'Sullivan RM, Evans SE, Ingram DA, Jones CB, Phuong T, Kurt RA. The Measure of DAMPs and a role for S100A8 in recruiting suppressor cells in breast cancer lung metastasis. Immunol Invest 2014; 44:174-88. [PMID: 25255046 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2014.952818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether there was a relationship between damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) expression and recruitment of suppressor cells to sites of metastasis we measured relative expression of DAMPs, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in mice at various stages of breast cancer progression using the 4T1 model. Although S100A8 was expressed at relatively low levels in the tumor cells, expression was 100-fold higher in the lung and liver which are common sites of metastasis for this tumor. Despite the relatively high level of S100A8 expression in the lungs of naïve mice, the level of expression increased further and was significantly elevated after only 7 days of tumor growth. The same pattern was observed for MDSC, and both S100A8 and MDSC expression peaked in the lungs of mice following 21 days of tumor growth. Characterization of MDSC from the lungs revealed expression of RAGE, and the cells were capable of migrating in a dose-dependent manner toward S100A8. In addition, the MDSC expressed low levels of MHC Class I, MHC Class II, CD80, and secreted TGF-β. Taken together, these data suggest that expression of S100A8 in the lungs may facilitate recruitment of MDSC, which may in turn aid in establishing a metastatic niche capable of suppressing a localized immune response.
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22
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Mao Y, Poschke I, Kiessling R. Tumour-induced immune suppression: role of inflammatory mediators released by myelomonocytic cells. J Intern Med 2014; 276:154-70. [PMID: 24597954 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumour-induced immune dysfunction is a serious challenge to immunotherapy for cancer, and intact adaptive and innate cellular immunity is key to its success. Myelomonocytic cells have a central role in this immune suppression, and tumour-associated macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells have all been shown to be of major importance. These myelomonocytic cells secrete a broad repertoire of inflammatory mediators providing them with powerful tools to inhibit tumour-reactive T cells and natural killer cells; free oxygen radicals including reactive oxygen species and NO, arginase, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, prostaglandins, the pro-inflammatory heterodimer S100A8/9 and cytokines, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and transforming growth factor-β, have proven particularly potent in suppressing antitumour cellular immunity. Determining which of these factors prevail in individual cancer patients and designing methods aimed at neutralization or inhibition of their effects on target tissues have the potential to greatly enhance the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mao
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Solito S, Marigo I, Pinton L, Damuzzo V, Mandruzzato S, Bronte V. Myeloid-derived suppressor cell heterogeneity in human cancers. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1319:47-65. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Solito
- Department of Surgery; Oncology and Gastroenterology; Oncology and Immunology Section; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | | | - Laura Pinton
- Department of Surgery; Oncology and Gastroenterology; Oncology and Immunology Section; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Vera Damuzzo
- Department of Surgery; Oncology and Gastroenterology; Oncology and Immunology Section; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Susanna Mandruzzato
- Department of Surgery; Oncology and Gastroenterology; Oncology and Immunology Section; University of Padova; Padova Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto; IOV-IRCCS; Padova Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Pathology and Diagnostics; Verona University Hospital; Verona Italy
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24
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Lowe DB, Bose A, Taylor JL, Tawbi H, Lin Y, Kirkwood JM, Storkus WJ. Dasatinib promotes the expansion of a therapeutically superior T-cell repertoire in response to dendritic cell vaccination against melanoma. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e27589. [PMID: 24734217 PMCID: PMC3984268 DOI: 10.4161/onci.27589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dasatinib (DAS) is a potent inhibitor of the BCR-ABL, SRC, c-KIT, PDGFR, and ephrin tyrosine kinases that has demonstrated only modest clinical efficacy in melanoma patients. Given reports suggesting that DAS enhances T cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment, we analyzed whether therapy employing the combination of DAS plus dendritic cell (DC) vaccination would promote superior immunotherapeutic benefit against melanoma. Using a M05 (B16.OVA) melanoma mouse model, we observed that a 7-day course of orally-administered DAS (0.1 mg/day) combined with a DC-based vaccine (VAC) against the OVA257–264 peptide epitope more potently inhibited tumor growth and extended overall survival as compared with treatment with either single modality. The superior efficacy of the combinatorial treatment regimen included a reduction in hypoxic-signaling associated with reduced levels of immunosuppressive CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) populations in the melanoma microenvironment. Furthermore, DAS + VAC combined therapy upregulated expression of Type-1 T cell recruiting CXCR3 ligand chemokines in the tumor stroma correlating with activation and recruitment of Type-1, vaccine-induced CXCR3+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CD11c+ DC into the tumor microenvironment. The culmination of this bimodal approach was a profound “spreading” in the repertoire of tumor-associated antigens recognized by CD8+ TILs, in support of the therapeutic superiority of combined DAS + VAC immunotherapy in the melanoma setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin B Lowe
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Anamika Bose
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Jennifer L Taylor
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Hussein Tawbi
- Department of Medicine; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA ; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Biostatistics; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA ; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - John M Kirkwood
- Department of Medicine; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA ; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Walter J Storkus
- Department of Dermatology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA ; Department of Immunology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA ; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Pittsburgh, PA USA
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25
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Modification of the tumor microenvironment as a novel target of renal cell carcinoma therapeutics. Cancer J 2014; 19:353-64. [PMID: 23867518 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0b013e31829da0ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To move forward with immunotherapy, it is important to understand how the tumor microenvironment generates systemic immunosuppression in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as well as in patients with other types of solid tumors. Even though antigen discovery in RCC has lagged behind melanoma, recent clinical trials have finally authenticated that RCC is susceptible to vaccine-based therapy. Furthermore, judicious coadministration of cytokines and chemotherapy can potentiate therapeutic responses to vaccine in RCC and prolong survival, as has already proved possible for melanoma. Although high-dose interleukin 2 immunotherapy has been superseded as first-line therapy for RCC by promiscuous receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (rTKIs) such as sunitinib, sunitinib itself is a potent immunoadjunct in animal tumor models. A reasonable therapeutic goal is to unite antiangiogenic strategies with immunotherapy as first-line therapy for RCC. This strategy is equally appropriate for testing in all solid tumors in which the microenvironment generates immunosuppression. A common element of RCC and pancreatic, colon, breast, and other solid tumors is large numbers of circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and because MDSCs elicit regulatory T cells rather than vice versa, gaining control over MDSCs is an important initial step in any immunotherapy. Although rTKIs like sunitinib have a remarkable capacity to deplete MDSCs and restore normal T-cell function in peripheral body compartments such as the bloodstream and the spleen, such rTKIs are effective only against MDSCs, which are engaged in phospho-STAT3-dependent programming (pSTAT3+). Unfortunately, rTKI-resistant pSTAT3- MDSCs are especially apt to arise within the tumor microenvironment itself, necessitating strategies that do not rely exclusively on STAT3 disruption. The most utilitarian strategy to gain control of both pSTAT3+ and pSTAT3- MDSCs may be to exploit the natural differentiation pathway, which permits MDSCs to mature into tumoricidal macrophages (TM1) via such stimuli as Toll-like receptor agonists, interferon γ, and CD40 ligation. Overall, this review highlights the mechanisms of immune suppression used by the different regulatory cell types operative in RCC as well as other tumors. It also describes the different therapeutic strategies to overcome the suppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment.
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Mirghorbani M, Van Gool S, Rezaei N. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in glioma. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 13:1395-406. [DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2013.857603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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de Vivar Chevez AR, Finke J, Bukowski R. The Role of Inflammation in Kidney Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 816:197-234. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0837-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Rittenhouse-Olson K. Immunological Investigations. Letter from the editor. Immunol Invest 2013; 42:505-9. [PMID: 24004054 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2013.824721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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29
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Rittenhouse-Olson K. Letter from the editor. Immunol Invest 2012; 41:551-4. [PMID: 22938016 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2012.707937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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