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Afarid M, Azimi A, Meshksar A, Sanie-Jahromi F. Interferons in vitreoretinal diseases; a review on their clinical application, and mechanism of action. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:223. [PMID: 38727788 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review investigates the therapeutic benefits of interferons (IFNs) in vitreoretinal diseases, focusing on their regulatory roles in innate immunological reactions and angiogenesis. The study aims to categorize the clinical outcomes of IFN applications and proposes a molecular mechanism underlying their action. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases to identify randomized clinical trials, case series, and case-control studies related to IFNs' impact on vitreoretinal diseases (1990-2022). The data synthesis involved an in-depth analysis of the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenesis effects of IFNs across various studies. RESULTS Our findings indicate that IFNs exhibit efficacy in treating inflammation-associated vitreoretinal disorders. However, a lack of sufficient evidence exists regarding the suitability of IFNs in angiogenesis-associated vitreoretinal diseases like choroidal neovascularization and diabetic retinopathies. The synthesis of data suggests that IFNs may not be optimal for managing advanced stages of angiogenesis-associated disorders. CONCLUSION While IFNs emerge as promising therapeutic candidates for inflammation-related vitreoretinal diseases, caution is warranted in their application for angiogenesis-associated disorders, especially in advanced stages. Further research is needed to elucidate the nuanced molecular pathways of IFN action, guiding their targeted use in specific vitreoretinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Afarid
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Boulevard, Poostchi Street, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Azimi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Boulevard, Poostchi Street, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aidin Meshksar
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Boulevard, Poostchi Street, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Boulevard, Poostchi Street, Shiraz, Iran.
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Hashimoto M, Kobayashi T, Ohira M, Okimoto S, Abe T, Inoue M, Onoe T, Honmyo N, Kuroda S, Ohdan H. Comparison of postoperative outcomes in cases achieving sustained virological response with direct-acting antiviral and interferon therapy. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2024; 31:318-328. [PMID: 38135908 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The effect of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after curative hepatectomy remains uncertain. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effect of sustained virological response (SVR) with DAAs or interferon (IFN) therapy on recurrence and overall survival (OS) after hepatectomy. METHODS We enrolled 593 patients who underwent curative resections between January 2010 and December 2017. Among them, 186 achieved SVR before hepatectomy: a total of 51 (27.4%) in the DAA-SVR group and 132 (72.6%) in the IFN-based SVR group. RESULTS SVR before hepatectomy was an independent predictor of OS, and the 5-year OS rate was significantly higher in the SVR group than that in the non-SVR group (82.2% vs. 63.9%). There were no significant differences in the recurrence rates or OS between DAA and IFN treatments in achieving SVR before hepatectomy, regardless of poor hepatic function in the DAA therapy group. CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference in OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS) between the preoperative SVR achieved with DAA and IFN groups in this study, although liver function was significantly worse at the time of surgery in the DAA group compared to the IFN group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sho Okimoto
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Kure, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Abe
- Department of Surgery, JA Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masashi Inoue
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Higashihiroshima Medical Center, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Onoe
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Honmyo
- Department of Surgery, Hiroshima City North Medical Center, Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- HiSCO: Hiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima, Japan
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Zannikou M, Fish EN, Platanias LC. Signaling by Type I Interferons in Immune Cells: Disease Consequences. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1600. [PMID: 38672681 PMCID: PMC11049350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review addresses interferon (IFN) signaling in immune cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) and examines how this affects cancer progression. The data reveal that IFNs exert dual roles in cancers, dependent on the TME, exhibiting both anti-tumor activity and promoting cancer progression. We discuss the abnormal IFN signaling induced by cancerous cells that alters immune responses to permit their survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markella Zannikou
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Eleanor N. Fish
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada;
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Leonidas C. Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 820 S. Damen Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Rapp J, Hospach A, Liang P, Schwämmle M, Renz L, Agostini H, Schlunck G, Bucher F. Oncostatin M Reduces Pathological Neovascularization in the Retina Through Müller Cell Activation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:22. [PMID: 38190125 PMCID: PMC10777876 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.1.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Continuous vision loss due to vasoproliferative eye disease still represents an unsolved issue despite anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. The impact of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling on retinal angiogenesis and its potential use as a therapeutic target remain controversial. In vitro, oncostatin M (OSM), as a strong STAT3 activator, possesses robust proangiogenic activity. This study investigated to what extent the proangiogenic effects of OSM translate to the in vivo setting of vasoproliferative eye disease. Methods The in vitro effect of OSM on endothelial cells was investigated in the spheroid sprouting assay and through RNA sequencing. The mouse model for oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) was used to evaluate the impact of OSM in vivo. Signaling patterns were measured by western blot and retinal cryosections. Primary Müller cell cultures were used to evaluate the effect of OSM on the Müller cell secretome. Murine retinal vascular endothelial cells were isolated from OIR retinas using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and were used for RNA sequencing. Results Although OSM induced pro-angiogenic responses in vitro, in the OIR model intravitreal injection of OSM reduced retinal neovascularization by 65.2% and vaso-obliteration by 45.5% in Müller cells. Injecting OSM into the vitreous activated the STAT3 signaling pathway in multiple retinal cell types, including Müller cells. In vitro, OSM treatment increased CXCL10 secretion. RNA sequencing of sorted vascular endothelial cells at OIR P17 following OSM treatment indicated downregulation of angiogenesis- and mitosis-associated genes. Conclusions In vivo, OSM reveals a beneficial angiomodulatory effect by activating Müller cells and changing their secretome. The data highlight contradictions between cytokine-induced effects in vitro and in vivo depending on the cell types mediating the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Rapp
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alban Hospach
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paula Liang
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Schwämmle
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Renz
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hansjürgen Agostini
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Günther Schlunck
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felicitas Bucher
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Lewicky JD, Martel AL, Gupta MR, Roy R, Rodriguez GM, Vanderhyden BC, Le HT. Conventional DNA-Damaging Cancer Therapies and Emerging cGAS-STING Activation: A Review and Perspectives Regarding Immunotherapeutic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4127. [PMID: 37627155 PMCID: PMC10453198 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Many traditional cancer treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy are known to induce cellular DNA damage as part of their cytotoxic activity. The cGAS-STING signaling axis, a key member of the DNA damage response that acts as a sensor of foreign or aberrant cytosolic DNA, is helping to rationalize the DNA-damaging activity of these treatments and their emerging immunostimulatory capacity. Moreover, cGAS-STING, which is attracting considerable attention for its ability to promote antitumor immune responses, may fundamentally be able to address many of the barriers limiting the success of cancer immunotherapy strategies, including the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Herein, we review the traditional cancer therapies that have been linked with cGAS-STING activation, highlighting their targets with respect to their role and function in the DNA damage response. As part of the review, an emerging "chemoimmunotherapy" concept whereby DNA-damaging agents are used for the indirect activation of STING is discussed as an alternative to the direct molecular agonism strategies that are in development, but have yet to achieve clinical approval. The potential of this approach to address some of the inherent and emerging limitations of cGAS-STING signaling in cancer immunotherapy is also discussed. Ultimately, it is becoming clear that in order to successfully employ the immunotherapeutic potential of the cGAS-STING axis, a balance between its contrasting antitumor and protumor/inflammatory activities will need to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D. Lewicky
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, 56 Walford Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2H2, Canada; (J.D.L.); (A.L.M.)
| | - Alexandrine L. Martel
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, 56 Walford Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2H2, Canada; (J.D.L.); (A.L.M.)
| | - Mukul Raj Gupta
- Glycosciences and Nanomaterial Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (M.R.G.); (R.R.)
| | - René Roy
- Glycosciences and Nanomaterial Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (M.R.G.); (R.R.)
| | - Galaxia M. Rodriguez
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (G.M.R.); (B.C.V.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Barbara C. Vanderhyden
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (G.M.R.); (B.C.V.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Hoang-Thanh Le
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, 56 Walford Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2H2, Canada; (J.D.L.); (A.L.M.)
- Medicinal Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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Driban M, Kedia N, Arora S, Chhablani J. Novel pharmaceuticals for the management of retinal vein occlusion and linked disorders. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2023; 16:1125-1139. [PMID: 37933706 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2023.2277882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second leading cause of blindness from retinal vascular disease behind diabetic retinopathy. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and glucocorticoid therapy are the cornerstones of pharmaceutical treatment for RVO. There is considerable interest in developing new pharmaceuticals in and out of these two classes to reduce costs, lower injection burden, and treat the occlusion itself, rather than the complications. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss novel pharmaceuticals for the treatment of RVO outside of current standard of care. We performed a comprehensive literature search encompassing pharmaceuticals that have recently been approved or have shown promising results in early clinical trials or animal models. EXPERT OPINION Anti-VEGF therapy remains the most efficacious treatment for RVO with a very favorable side effect profile. New biosimilars reduce costs while maintaining efficacy. Novel glucocorticoids may be a useful therapy in patients for whom anti-VEGF therapy has failed, or as an adjunct. Pharmaceuticals in other drug classes, particularly those with neuroprotective or regenerative properties, as well as those geared toward treating the occlusion itself, represent exciting options for early RVO therapy, but are likely years away from clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Driban
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nikita Kedia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Supriya Arora
- Bahamas Vision Center and Princess Margaret Hospital, Nassau, New Providence, Bahamas
| | - Jay Chhablani
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Afarid M, Bahari H, Sanie-Jahromi F. In Vitro Evaluation of Apoptosis, Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Neuroprotection Gene Expression in Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cell Treated with Interferon α-2b. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023. [PMID: 37289822 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, retinal neuropathy, and inflammation are the main molecular features of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and should be taken into consideration for potential treatment approaches. Retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells play a major role in DR progression. This study evaluated the in vitro effect of interferon (IFN) α-2b on the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, inflammation, neuroprotection, and angiogenesis in RPE cells. RPE cells were cocultured with IFN α-2b at 2 doses (500 and 1,000 IU) and treatment periods (24 and 48 h). The quantitative relative expression of genes (BCL-2, BAX, BDNF, VEGF, and IL-1b) was evaluated in the treated versus control cells through real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The result of this study demonstrated that IFN treatment at 1,000 IU (48 h) led to significant upregulation of BCL-2, BAX, BDNF, and IL-1b; however, the BCL-2/BAX ratio was not statistically altered from 1:1, in any of the treatment patterns. We also showed that VEGF expression was downregulated in RPE cells treated with 500 IU for 24 h. It can be concluded that IFN α-2b was safe (BCL-2/BAX ∼1:1) and enhanced neuroprotection at 1,000 IU (48 h); however-at the same time-IFN α-2b induced inflammation in RPE cells. Moreover, the antiangiogenic effect of IFN α-2b was solely observed in RPE cells treated with 500 IU (24 h). It seems that IFN α-2b in lower doses and short duration exerts antiangiogenic effects and in higher doses and longer duration has neuroprotective and inflammatory effects. Hence, appropriate concentration and duration of treatment, according to the type and stage of the disease, should be considered to achieve success in IFN therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Afarid
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Bahari
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Liu ZL, Chen HH, Zheng LL, Sun LP, Shi L. Angiogenic signaling pathways and anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:198. [PMID: 37169756 PMCID: PMC10175505 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex and dynamic process regulated by various pro- and anti-angiogenic molecules, which plays a crucial role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. With the advances in molecular and cellular biology, various biomolecules such as growth factors, chemokines, and adhesion factors involved in tumor angiogenesis has gradually been elucidated. Targeted therapeutic research based on these molecules has driven anti-angiogenic treatment to become a promising strategy in anti-tumor therapy. The most widely used anti-angiogenic agents include monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. However, the clinical benefit of this modality has still been limited due to several defects such as adverse events, acquired drug resistance, tumor recurrence, and lack of validated biomarkers, which impel further research on mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis, the development of multiple drugs and the combination therapy to figure out how to improve the therapeutic efficacy. Here, we broadly summarize various signaling pathways in tumor angiogenesis and discuss the development and current challenges of anti-angiogenic therapy. We also propose several new promising approaches to improve anti-angiogenic efficacy and provide a perspective for the development and research of anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ling Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Li Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
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Lai JY, Ho JX, Kow ASF, Liang G, Tham CL, Ho YC, Lee MT. Interferon therapy and its association with depressive disorders - A review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1048592. [PMID: 36911685 PMCID: PMC9992192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1048592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are important in controlling the innate immune response to viral infections. Besides that, studies have found that IFNs also have antimicrobial, antiproliferative/antitumor and immunomodulatory effects. IFNs are divided into Type I, II and III. Type I IFNs, in particular IFN-α, is an approved treatment for hepatitis C. However, patients developed neuropsychological disorders during treatment. IFN-α induces proinflammatory cytokines, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), oxidative and nitrative stress that intensifies the body's inflammatory response in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease. The severity of the immune response is related to behavioral changes in both animal models and humans. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is important for synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus. However, excess ROS will generate highly reactive free radicals which may lead to neuronal damage and neurodegeneration. The limbic system regulates memory and emotional response, damage of neurons in this region is correlated with mood disorders. Due to the drawbacks of the treatment, often patients will not complete the treatment sessions, and this affects their recovery process. However, with proper management, this could be avoided. This review briefly describes the different types of IFNs and its pharmacological and clinical usages and a focus on IFN-α and its implications on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yung Lai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jian Xiang Ho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Gengfan Liang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yu-Cheng Ho
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming Tatt Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Faghihi H, Inanloo B, Mirzaee A, Fadakar K, Mirshahi A, Ebrahimiadib N, Ghassemi F, Bazvand F, Amini A, Mirghorbani M, Faghihi S, Khalili Pour E, Riazi-Esfahani H. Evaluation of the additive effect of interferon α 2b with monthly intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in refractory diabetic macular edema. Int J Retina Vitreous 2022; 8:74. [PMID: 36224669 PMCID: PMC9558405 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-022-00424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the additive effect of topical or sub-tenon injection of interferon (IFN)-α 2b in the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema. Methods In this prospective study patients with center-involved DME who were unresponsive to 3 monthly consecutive IVB injections were recruited. Patients were divided into three groups: group1, received IFN- α 2b topical drop at a dose of 1mIU/ml four times a day for 3 months. Group 2, received a single sub-tenon injection of 1mIU/ml IFN- α 2b at the enrollment. Group 3 received artificial tears four times a day for 3 months (control group). All groups received three consecutive monthly IVB injections and were evaluated monthly up to 1 month following the last IVB injection. Results In this study, 59 eyes of 35 patients with refractory DME were assessed. The final follow-up showed that although CMT decreased in all groups, only patients in Group 2 had statistically significant lower CMT compared to their baseline values (change in CMT: − 117 ± 213 µm; p-value = 0.025). Comparison of CMT changes between three groups showed no statistically significant difference, although it was higher in group 2 (change in CMT: − 117 ± 213 µm (Group2) vs. − 49 ± 173 (Group 1) vs. − 36 ± 86 (Group 3); p-value = 0.085). Considering eyes with baseline CMT > 400 µm, sub-tenon injection of IFN α2b led to a significant reduction of CMT at the first month and final follow-up visit (CMT change: − 166 ± 210, − 145 ± 231 µm; p-value = 0.018 and 0.035, respectively). In this subgroup, eyes in Group 2 had lower CMT at the first month following treatment in comparison with the control group (CMT: 444 ± 123 µm vs. 544 ± 96 µm, p-value = 0.042). Alterations of CDVA were not statistically significant among groups, although patients in Group 1 had a significant improvement in vision at second and last follow up (CDVA change: − 0.23 ± 0.39, − 0.20 ± 0.43 logMAR; p-value = 0.030 and 0.010, respectively). Conclusions In short term, Sub-tenon injection of IFN might have an additive anatomical effect in eyes with refractory DME. Validation of this observation requires further prospective controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooshang Faghihi
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Bahman Inanloo
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Arash Mirzaee
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Kaveh Fadakar
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mirshahi
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Nazanin Ebrahimiadib
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghassemi
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bazvand
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Abdulrahman Amini
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirghorbani
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Shahin Faghihi
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Elias Khalili Pour
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Hamid Riazi-Esfahani
- Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Karegar Street, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran.
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11
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Shi W, Yao X, Fu Y, Wang Y. Interferon‑α and its effects on cancer cell apoptosis (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 24:235. [PMID: 35720476 PMCID: PMC9185151 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-α is a cytokine that exhibits a wide range of biological activities and is used in various cancer treatments. It regulates numerous genes that serve roles in antiviral, antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities. For decades, one of the main aspects of clinical oncology has been the development of anticancer therapeutics that promote the effective elimination of cancer cells via apoptosis. However, the updated available information concerning IFN-α-induced cancer cell apoptosis needs to be assembled, so as to provide an improved theoretical reference for the basic scientific research and clinical treatment of malignant tumors. Therefore, the present review focuses on the potential effects of IFN-α in inducing cancer cell apoptosis. The biological characteristics of IFN-α, the apoptotic signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of apoptosis caused by IFN-α are discussed in different types of cancer cells. The present review provided a comprehensive understanding of the effects of IFN-α on cancer cell apoptosis, which will aid in developing more efficient strategies to effectively control the progression of certain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Shi
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| | - Xu Yao
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| | - Yingze Wang
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
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12
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Garland KM, Sheehy TL, Wilson JT. Chemical and Biomolecular Strategies for STING Pathway Activation in Cancer Immunotherapy. Chem Rev 2022; 122:5977-6039. [PMID: 35107989 PMCID: PMC8994686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) cellular signaling pathway is a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. Activation of the intracellular STING protein triggers the production of a multifaceted array of immunostimulatory molecules, which, in the proper context, can drive dendritic cell maturation, antitumor macrophage polarization, T cell priming and activation, natural killer cell activation, vascular reprogramming, and/or cancer cell death, resulting in immune-mediated tumor elimination and generation of antitumor immune memory. Accordingly, there is a significant amount of ongoing preclinical and clinical research toward further understanding the role of the STING pathway in cancer immune surveillance as well as the development of modulators of the pathway as a strategy to stimulate antitumor immunity. Yet, the efficacy of STING pathway agonists is limited by many drug delivery and pharmacological challenges. Depending on the class of STING agonist and the desired administration route, these may include poor drug stability, immunocellular toxicity, immune-related adverse events, limited tumor or lymph node targeting and/or retention, low cellular uptake and intracellular delivery, and a complex dependence on the magnitude and kinetics of STING signaling. This review provides a concise summary of the STING pathway, highlighting recent biological developments, immunological consequences, and implications for drug delivery. This review also offers a critical analysis of an expanding arsenal of chemical strategies that are being employed to enhance the efficacy, safety, and/or clinical utility of STING pathway agonists and lastly draws attention to several opportunities for therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Garland
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37235 United States
| | - Taylor L Sheehy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37235 United States
| | - John T Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37235 United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37235 United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232 United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232 United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232 United States
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232 United States
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13
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Exploring the synergistic effects of cabozantinib and a programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma with machine learning. Oncotarget 2022; 13:237-256. [PMID: 35106125 PMCID: PMC8794707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence supports the combination of cabozantinib with an immune checkpoint inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) and suggests a synergistic antitumour activity of this combination. Nevertheless, the biological basis of this synergy is not fully characterized. We studied the mechanisms underpinning the potential synergism of cabozantinib combined with a PD1 inhibitor in mccRCC and delved into cabozantinib monotherapy properties supporting its role to partner these combinations. To model physiological drug action, we used a machine learning-based technology known as Therapeutic Performance Mapping Systems, applying two approaches: Artificial Neural Networks and Sampling Methods. We found that the combined therapy was predicted to exert a wide therapeutic action in the tumour and the microenvironment. Cabozantinib may enhance the effects of PD1 inhibitors on immunosurveillance by modulating the innate and adaptive immune system, through the inhibition of VEGF-VEGFR and Gas6-AXL/TYRO3/MER (TAM) axes, while the PD1 inhibitors may boost the antiangiogenic and pro–apoptotic effects of cabozantinib by modulating angiogenesis and T-cell cytotoxicity. Cabozantinib alone was predicted to restore cellular adhesion and hamper tumour proliferation and invasion. These data provide a biological rationale and further support for cabozantinib plus PD1 inhibitor combination and may guide future nonclinical and clinical research.
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14
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Tran NL, Ferreira LM, Alvarez-Moya B, Buttiglione V, Ferrini B, Zordan P, Monestiroli A, Fagioli C, Bezzecchi E, Scotti GM, Esposito A, Leone R, Gnasso C, Brendolan A, Guidotti LG, Sitia G. Continuous sensing of IFNα by hepatic endothelial cells shapes a vascular antimetastatic barrier. eLife 2022; 11:80690. [PMID: 36281643 PMCID: PMC9596162 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic metastases are a poor prognostic factor of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and new strategies to reduce the risk of liver CRC colonization are highly needed. Herein, we used mouse models of hepatic metastatization to demonstrate that the continuous infusion of therapeutic doses of interferon-alpha (IFNα) controls CRC invasion by acting on hepatic endothelial cells (HECs). Mechanistically, IFNα promoted the development of a vascular antimetastatic niche characterized by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) defenestration extracellular matrix and glycocalyx deposition, thus strengthening the liver vascular barrier impairing CRC trans-sinusoidal migration, without requiring a direct action on tumor cells, hepatic stellate cells, hepatocytes, or liver dendritic cells (DCs), Kupffer cells (KCs) and liver capsular macrophages (LCMs). Moreover, IFNα endowed LSECs with efficient cross-priming potential that, along with the early intravascular tumor burden reduction, supported the generation of antitumor CD8+ T cells and ultimately led to the establishment of a protective long-term memory T cell response. These findings provide a rationale for the use of continuous IFNα therapy in perioperative settings to reduce CRC metastatic spreading to the liver. Colorectal cancer remains one of the most widespread and deadly cancers worldwide. Poor health outcomes are usually linked to diseased cells spreading from the intestine to create new tumors in the liver or other parts of the body. Treatment involves surgically removing the initial tumors in the bowel, but patient survival could be improved if, in parallel, their immune system was ‘boosted’ to destroy cancer cells before they can form other tumors. Interferon alpha is a small protein which helps to coordinate how the immune system recognizes and deactivates foreign agents and cancerous cells. It has recently been trialed as a colorectal cancer treatment to prevent tumors from spreading to the liver, but only with limited success. This partly because interferon-alpha is usually administered in high and pulsed doses, which cause severe side effects through the body. Instead, Tran, Ferreira, Alvarez-Moya et al. aimed to investigate whether continuously delivering lower amounts of the drug could be a better approach. This strategy was tested on mice in which colorectal cancer cells had been implanted into the wall of the large intestine. Continuous administration minimized the risk of the implanted cancer cells spreading to the liver while also creating fewer side effects. The team was able to identify an optimum delivery strategy by varying how much interferon-alpha the animals received and when. Further experiments also revealed a new mechanism by which interferon-alpha prevented the spread of colorectal cancer. Upon receiving continuous doses of the drug, a group of liver cells started to generate a physical barrier which stopped cancer cells from being able to invade the organ. The treatment also promoted long-term immune responses that targeted diseased cells while being safe for healthy tissues. If confirmed in clinical trials, these results suggest that colorectal patients undergoing tumor removal surgery may benefit from also receiving interferon-alpha through continuous delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Lan Tran
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Lorena Maria Ferreira
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Blanca Alvarez-Moya
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Valentina Buttiglione
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Barbara Ferrini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Paola Zordan
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly,Vita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Andrea Monestiroli
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Claudio Fagioli
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | | | | | - Antonio Esposito
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly,Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Riccardo Leone
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly,Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Chiara Gnasso
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly,Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Andrea Brendolan
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Luca G Guidotti
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly,Vita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Giovanni Sitia
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
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15
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Next generation of tumor-activating type I IFN enhances anti-tumor immune responses to overcome therapy resistance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5866. [PMID: 34620867 PMCID: PMC8497482 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon is promising in treating different kinds of tumors, but has been limited by its toxicity, lack of tumor targeting, and very short half-life. To target tumors, reduce systemic toxicity, and increase half-life, here we engineer a masked type I IFN-Fc (ProIFN) with its natural receptor connected by a cleavable linker that can be targeted by tumor-associated proteases. ProIFN has a prolonged serum half-life and shows an improved tumor-targeting effect. Interestingly, ProIFN-treated mice show enhanced DC cross-priming and significant increased CD8+ infiltration and effector function in the tumor microenvironment. ProIFN is able to improve checkpoint blockade efficacy in established tumors, as well as radiation efficacy for both primary and metastatic tumors. ProIFN exhibits superior long-term pharmacokinetics with minimal toxicity in monkeys. Therefore, this study demonstrates an effective tumor-activating IFN that can increase targeted immunity against primary tumor or metastasis and reduce periphery toxicity to the host. Several studies have demonstrated that IFN-I administration can boost anti-tumor immune response against solid tumors. Here, to overcome the limitations of systemic IFN-I therapy (side effects, short half-life), the authors design a masked IFN-I prodrug activatable by tumor-associated proteases, showing preserved anti-tumor activity but reduced toxicity.
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16
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Musella M, Galassi C, Manduca N, Sistigu A. The Yin and Yang of Type I IFNs in Cancer Promotion and Immune Activation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090856. [PMID: 34571733 PMCID: PMC8467547 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The crucial immune stimulatory functions exerted by Type I Interferons (IFNs) in cancer settings have been not only widely demonstrated during the last fifty years but also recently harnessed for therapy. However, depending on the dose and timing, and the downstream induced signatures, Type I IFNs can and do foster cancer progression and immune evasion. Dysregulations of Type I IFN signaling cascade are more and more frequently found in the tumor microenvironment, representing critical determinants of therapeutic innate and adaptive resistance to several anticancer treatments. Understanding when and through which genetic signatures Type I IFNs control or promote cancer growth is extremely urgent in order to prevent and by-pass the deleterious clinical effects and develop optimized innovative (combinatorial) strategies for an effective cancer management. Abstract Type I Interferons (IFNs) are key regulators of natural and therapy-induced host defense against viral infection and cancer. Several years of remarkable progress in the field of oncoimmunology have revealed the dual nature of these cytokines. Hence, Type I IFNs may trigger anti-tumoral responses, while leading immune dysfunction and disease progression. This dichotomy relies on the duration and intensity of the transduced signaling, the nature of the unleashed IFN stimulated genes, and the subset of responding cells. Here, we discuss the role of Type I IFNs in the evolving relationship between the host immune system and cancer, as we offer a view of the therapeutic strategies that exploit and require an intact Type I IFN signaling, and the role of these cytokines in inducing adaptive resistance. A deep understanding of the complex, yet highly regulated, network of Type I IFN triggered molecular pathways will help find a timely and immune“logical” way to exploit these cytokines for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Musella
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (A.S.); Tel.: +39-0649904452 (M.M.); +39-0649904457 (A.S.)
| | - Claudia Galassi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (N.M.)
| | - Nicoletta Manduca
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (N.M.)
| | - Antonella Sistigu
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (N.M.)
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (A.S.); Tel.: +39-0649904452 (M.M.); +39-0649904457 (A.S.)
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17
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EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF TOPICAL INTERFERON α2b AS A COMPLEMENTARY TREATMENT OF MACULAR EDEMA OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial Study. Retina 2021; 40:936-942. [PMID: 30839494 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000002465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the topical interferon α2b (IFNα2b) as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of diabetic macular edema. METHOD This was a randomized controlled clinical trial performed on patients with diabetic macular edema. Fifty eyes of 50 patients (one eye/patient) who were receiving treatment for diabetic macular edema were randomly assigned to get topical IFNα2b 1 MU/mL or artificial tear eye drop as an adjunctive therapy. The primary measure outcomes were best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness; the secondary goals were to assess the effect of topical IFNα2b on the intraocular pressure and its potential side effects. RESULTS Baseline demographic data of the two groups were similar. The improvement in visual acuity of patients on IFN was more than the patients on artificial tear by the end of the fourth week (6.85 and 1.45 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters, respectively, P = 0.001) and the eighth week (6.75 and 1.05 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters, respectively, P = 0.005). The central macular thickness was also decreased correspondingly by the end of fourth week (53.1 ± 153 µm for patients on IFN and 26.6 ± 119.1 µm for patients on artificial tear, P = 0.497) and eighth week (27.9 ± 67.7 for patients on IFN and 29.2 ± 98 µm for patients on artificial tear, P = 0.957), but it was not statistically significant. Intraocular pressure was decreased on the fourth week in IFN group for 1.7 mmHg ±3 and increased for 0.1 mmHg ±2.3 in the artificial tear group (P = 0.018). No significant side effect was detected with topical IFN drop. CONCLUSION This study evaluated the short-term effects of topical IFNα2b 1 MU/mL. The drug was well tolerated and may have an effect on improvement of best-corrected visual acuity in patients with diabetic macular edema. It also had an intraocular pressure lowering effect on the studied eyes. However, further studies are needed to confirm this finding.
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18
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Ciccarese F, Grassi A, Pasqualini L, Rosano S, Noghero A, Montenegro F, Bussolino F, Di Camillo B, Finesso L, Toffolo GM, Mitola S, Indraccolo S. Genetic perturbation of IFN-α transcriptional modulators in human endothelial cells uncovers pivotal regulators of angiogenesis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:3977-3986. [PMID: 33335694 PMCID: PMC7734228 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-α (IFN-α) comprises a family of 13 cytokines involved in the modulation of antiviral, immune, and anticancer responses by orchestrating a complex transcriptional network. The activation of IFN-α signaling pathway in endothelial cells results in decreased proliferation and migration, ultimately leading to suppression of angiogenesis. In this study, we knocked-down the expression of seven established or candidate modulators of IFN-α response in endothelial cells to reconstruct a gene regulatory network and to investigate the antiangiogenic activity of IFN-α. This genetic perturbation approach, along with the analysis of interferon-induced gene expression dynamics, highlighted a complex and highly interconnected network, in which the angiostatic chemokine C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10 (CXCL10) was a central node targeted by multiple modulators. IFN-α-induced secretion of CXCL10 protein by endothelial cells was blunted by the silencing of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1) and of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 (IRF1) and it was exacerbated by the silencing of Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 18 (USP18). In vitro sprouting assay, which mimics in vivo angiogenesis, confirmed STAT1 as a positive modulator and USP18 as a negative modulator of IFN-α-mediated sprouting suppression. Our data reveal an unprecedented physiological regulation of angiogenesis in endothelial cells through a tonic IFN-α signaling, whose enhancement could represent a viable strategy to suppress tumor neoangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ciccarese
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Angela Grassi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenza Pasqualini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Rosano
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Alessio Noghero
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Francesca Montenegro
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, via Verdi 8, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Camillo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy.,CRIBI Innovative Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, viale Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Finesso
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, CNR, corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Gianna Maria Toffolo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Indraccolo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
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19
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Masarova L, Bose P, Verstovsek S. The Rationale for Immunotherapy in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2020; 14:310-327. [PMID: 31228096 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-019-00527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The classic, chronic Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN)-essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and myelofibrosis (MF)-are clonal malignancies of hematopoietic stem cells and are associated with myeloproliferation, organomegaly, and constitutional symptoms. Expanding knowledge that chronic inflammation and a dysregulated immune system are central to the pathogenesis and progression of MPNs serves as a driving force for the development of agents affecting the immune system as therapy for MPN. This review describes the rationale and potential impact of anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and targeted agents in MPNs. RECENT FINDINGS The advances in molecular insights, especially the discovery of the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F mutation and its role in JAK-STAT pathway dysregulation, led to the development of the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib, which currently represents the cornerstone of medical therapy in MF and hydroxyurea-resistant/intolerant PV. However, there remain significant unmet needs in the treatment of these patients, and many agents continue to be investigated. Novel, more selective JAK inhibitors might offer reduced myelosuppression or even improvement of blood counts. The recent approval of a novel, long-acting interferon for PV patients in Europe, might eventually lead to its broader clinical use in all MPNs. Targeted immunotherapy involving monoclonal antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, or therapeutic vaccines against selected MPN epitopes could further enhance tumor-specific immune responses. Immunotherapeutic approaches are expanding and hopefully will extend the therapeutic armamentarium in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Masarova
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 0428, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Prithviraj Bose
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 0428, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 0428, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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20
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How J, Hobbs G. Use of Interferon Alfa in the Treatment of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Perspectives and Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1954. [PMID: 32708474 PMCID: PMC7409021 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon alfa was first used in the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) over 30 years ago. However, its initial use was hampered by its side effect profile and lack of official regulatory approval for MPN treatment. Recently, there has been renewed interest in the use of interferon in MPNs, given its potential disease-modifying effects, with associated molecular and histopathological responses. The development of pegylated formulations and, more recently, ropeginterferon alfa-2b has resulted in improved tolerability and further expansion of interferon's use. We review the evolving clinical use of interferon in essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and myelofibrosis (MF). We discuss interferon's place in MPN treatment in the context of the most recent clinical trial results evaluating interferon and its pegylated formulations, and its role in special populations such as young and pregnant MPN patients. Interferon has re-emerged as an important option in MPN patients, with future studies seeking to re-establish its place in the existing treatment algorithm for MPN, and potentially expanding its use for novel indications and combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan How
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gabriela Hobbs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
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21
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Martin-Hijano L, Sainz B. The Interactions Between Cancer Stem Cells and the Innate Interferon Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2020; 11:526. [PMID: 32296435 PMCID: PMC7136464 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) form a family of cytokines with pleiotropic effects that modulate the immune response against multiple challenges like viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. While numerous anti-tumor activities have been described for IFNs, IFNs have also been associated with tumor growth and progression. The effect of IFNs on apoptosis, angiogenesis, tumor cell immunogenicity, and modulation of immune cells have been largely studied; however, less is known about their specific effects on cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs constitute a subpopulation of tumor cells endowed with stem-like properties including self-renewal, chemoresistance, tumorigenic capacity, and quiescence. This rare and unique subpopulation of cells is believed to be responsible for tumor maintenance, metastatic spread, and relapse. Thus, this review aims to summarize and discuss the current knowledge of the anti- and pro-CSCs effects of IFNs and also to highlight the need for further research on the interplay between IFNs and CSCs. Importantly, understanding this interplay will surely help to exploit the anti-tumor effects of IFNs, specifically those that target CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martin-Hijano
- Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer—Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer—Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
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22
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You Y, Guo C, Zhang H, Deng S, Tang J, Xu L, Deng C, Gong F. Effect of Intranasal Instillation of Lipopolysaccharide on Lung Development and Its Related Mechanism in Newborn Mice. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:684-693. [PMID: 31268385 PMCID: PMC6820870 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature infants are prone to repeated lung infections after birth, which can disrupt the development of lung structure and function. However, the effects of postnatal pulmonary inflammation on lung development in newborn mice have not been reported and may play an important role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This study aimed to establish a BPD model of postnatal pulmonary inflammation in premature infants and to explore its role and possible mechanisms in the pathogenesis of BPD. We exposed postnatal day 1 mice to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and normal saline for 14 days. Pulmonary inflammation and alveolar microvascular development were assessed by histology. In addition, we also examined the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR2, nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB) and related inflammatory mediators [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)] in the lungs. Lung histology revealed inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar simplification, and decreased microvascular density in LPS-exposed lungs. VEGF and VEGFR2 expression was decreased in the lungs of LPS-exposed neonatal mice. Furthermore, we detected elevated levels of the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, TNF-α, MIP-1α, and MCP-1 in the lungs, which are associated with the activation of NF-κB. Intranasal instillation of LPS inhibits lung development in newborn mice, and postnatal pulmonary inflammation may participate in the pathogenesis of BPD. The mechanism is related to the inhibition of VEGF and VEGFR2 and the upregulation of inflammatory mediators through activation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao You
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chunbao Guo
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Center, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Sijun Deng
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jia Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lingqi Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chun Deng
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Fang Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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23
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Haspula D, Vallejos AK, Moore TM, Tomar N, Dash RK, Hoffmann BR. Influence of a Hyperglycemic Microenvironment on a Diabetic Versus Healthy Rat Vascular Endothelium Reveals Distinguishable Mechanistic and Phenotypic Responses. Front Physiol 2019; 10:558. [PMID: 31133884 PMCID: PMC6524400 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a critical factor in the development of endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Whether hyperglycemic states result in a disruption of similar molecular mechanisms in endothelial cells under both diabetic and non-diabetic states, remains largely unknown. This study aimed to address this gap in knowledge through molecular and functional characterization of primary rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (RCMVECs) derived from the T2DM Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat model in comparison to control Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) in response to a normal (NG) and hyperglycemic (HG) microenvironment. GK and WKY RCMVECs were cultured under NG (4.5 mM) and HG (25 mM) conditions for 3 weeks, followed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), qPCR, tube formation assay, microplate based fluorimetry, and mitochondrial respiration analyses. Following database matching and filtering (false discovery rate ≤ 5%, scan count ≥ 10), we identified a greater percentage of significantly altered proteins in GK (7.1%, HG versus NG), when compared to WKY (3.5%, HG versus NG) RCMVECs. Further stringent filters (log2ratio of > 2 or < -2, p < 0.05) followed by enrichment and pathway analyses of the MS/MS and quantitative PCR datasets (84 total genes screened), resulted in the identification of several molecular targets involved in angiogenic, redox and metabolic functions that were distinctively altered in GK as compared to WKY RCMVECs following HG exposure. While the expression of thirteen inflammatory and apoptotic genes were significantly increased in GK RCMVECs under HG conditions (p < 0.05), only 2 were significantly elevated in WKY RCMVECs under HG conditions. Several glycolytic enzymes were markedly reduced and pyruvate kinase activity was elevated in GK HG RCMVECs, while in mitochondrial respiratory chain activity was altered. Supporting this, TNFα and phorbol ester (PMA)-induced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production were significantly enhanced in GK HG RCMVECs when compared to baseline levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, PMA mediated increase was the greatest in GK HG RCMVECs (p < 0.05). While HG caused reduction in tube formation assay parameters for WKY RCMVECs, GK RCMVECs exhibited impaired phenotypes under baseline conditions regardless of the glycemic microenvironment. We conclude that hyperglycemic microenvironment caused distinctive changes in the bioenergetics and REDOX pathways in the diabetic endothelium as compared to those observed in a healthy endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanush Haspula
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Max McGee National Research Center, Children's Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Andrew K Vallejos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Timothy M Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Namrata Tomar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ranjan K Dash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Brian R Hoffmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Max McGee National Research Center, Children's Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Provance OK, Lewis-Wambi J. Deciphering the role of interferon alpha signaling and microenvironment crosstalk in inflammatory breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:59. [PMID: 31060575 PMCID: PMC6501286 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1140-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most rare and aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by clusters of tumor cells invading lymph vessels, high rates of metastasis, and resistance to systemic chemotherapy. While significant progress has been made in understanding IBC, survival among IBC patients is still only one half that among patients with non-IBC. A major limitation to the development of more specific and effective treatments for IBC is a lack of identifiable molecular alterations that are specific to IBC. Emerging evidence suggests that the aggressive nature of IBC is not specific to IBC cells but instead driven by the interplay between autonomous signaling and context-dependent cytokine networks from the surrounding tumor microenvironment. Recently, the type I interferon, specifically the interferon alpha signature, has been identified as a pathway upregulated in IBC but few studies have addressed its role. Activation of the interferon alpha signaling pathway has been shown to contribute to apoptosis and cellular senescence but is also attributed to increased migration and drug resistance depending on the interferon-stimulated genes transcribed. The mechanisms promoting the increase in interferon alpha expression and the role interferon alpha plays in IBC remain speculative. Current hypotheses suggest that immune and stromal cells in the local tumor microenvironment contribute to the interferon alpha signaling cascade within the tumor cell and that this activation may further alter the immune and stromal cells within the microenvironment. This review serves as an overview of the role of interferon alpha signaling in IBC. Ideally, future experiments should investigate the mechanistic interplay of interferons in IBC to develop more efficacious treatment strategies for IBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K Provance
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Wahl Hall East 1031, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Joan Lewis-Wambi
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Wahl Hall East 1031, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. .,The University of Kansas Cancer Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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25
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Lande R, Lee EY, Palazzo R, Marinari B, Pietraforte I, Santos GS, Mattenberger Y, Spadaro F, Stefanantoni K, Iannace N, Dufour AM, Falchi M, Bianco M, Botti E, Bianchi L, Alvarez M, Riccieri V, Truchetet ME, C.L. Wong G, Chizzolini C, Frasca L. CXCL4 assembles DNA into liquid crystalline complexes to amplify TLR9-mediated interferon-α production in systemic sclerosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1731. [PMID: 31043596 PMCID: PMC6494823 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis and vasculopathy. CXCL4 represents an early serum biomarker of severe SSc and likely contributes to inflammation via chemokine signaling pathways, but the exact role of CXCL4 in SSc pathogenesis is unclear. Here, we elucidate an unanticipated mechanism for CXCL4-mediated immune amplification in SSc, in which CXCL4 organizes "self" and microbial DNA into liquid crystalline immune complexes that amplify TLR9-mediated plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC)-hyperactivation and interferon-α production. Surprisingly, this activity does not require CXCR3, the CXCL4 receptor. Importantly, we find that CXCL4-DNA complexes are present in vivo and correlate with type I interferon (IFN-I) in SSc blood, and that CXCL4-positive skin pDCs coexpress IFN-I-related genes. Thus, we establish a direct link between CXCL4 overexpression and the IFN-I-gene signature in SSc and outline a paradigm in which chemokines can drastically modulate innate immune receptors without being direct agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lande
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Pharmacological research and experimental therapy UNIT, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ernest Y. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Raffaella Palazzo
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Pharmacological research and experimental therapy UNIT, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Marinari
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Immacolata Pietraforte
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Santiago Santos
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Yves Mattenberger
- Department of Microbiol and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Spadaro
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Confocal Microscopy Unit, Core Facilities, Rome, 00161 Italy
| | - Katia Stefanantoni
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Iannace
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Maria Dufour
- Immunology & Allergy and Immunology & Pathology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mario Falchi
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National AIDS Center, Rome, 00161 Italy
| | - Manuela Bianco
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Pharmacological research and experimental therapy UNIT, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Botti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Montserrat Alvarez
- Immunology & Allergy and Immunology & Pathology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Riccieri
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Elise Truchetet
- Division of Rheumatology and immunoConcept, University Hospital, Bordeaux, 33076 France
| | - Gerard C.L. Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Carlo Chizzolini
- Immunology & Allergy and Immunology & Pathology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Loredana Frasca
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Pharmacological research and experimental therapy UNIT, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
- Immunology & Allergy and Immunology & Pathology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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26
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Mondello P, Di Mirto C, Cuzzocrea S, Arrigo C, Mian M, Pitini V. Interferon Alpha Has a Strong Anti-tumor Effect in Philadelphia-negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2019; 19:e489-e495. [PMID: 31231012 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the important progress in the research of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), treatment options are still limited. Currently, a cytoreductive approach is the backbone treatment, with hydroxyurea (HU) being the most important agent. However, this drug is not always well-tolerated and has been questionably linked to a potential leukemogenic effect. A valid alternative is interferon alfa (IFN-α), but it is reserved for selected patients owing to the more frequent side effects and the lack of final results from the studies directly comparing IFN-α with HU, which is why we provided the results of the so far largest real-life analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 2000 to 2016, 63 patients with Philadelphia-negative MPN prospectively received either HU or IFN-α. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 121 months (range, 88-168 months), 97% of the patients treated with IFN-α achieved a hematologic response (60% complete, 37% partial) compared with 78% in the HU group (56% complete, 20% partial; P < .01). Molecular responses were limited to patients treated with IFN-α. IFN-α was well-tolerated with no secondary malignancy, whereas HU was associated with more toxic events and cases of leukemic transformation. A significantly longer progression-free survival (5.0 vs. 3.1 years; P < .001) and overall survival (7.8 vs. 5.8 years; P = .006) were observed in the IFN-α group compared with the HU cohort. CONCLUSION Our data support IFN-α as a more valid therapeutic option owing to its more profound hematologic responses, durable molecular remissions, long-term disease control, and reduced risk of leukemic transformation with a favorable toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Mondello
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Cristian Di Mirto
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Arrigo
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michael Mian
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Hematology and CBMT, Ospedale di Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pitini
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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28
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García-Martín A, Garrido-Rodríguez M, Navarrete C, Caprioglio D, Palomares B, DeMesa J, Rollland A, Appendino G, Muñoz E. Cannabinoid derivatives acting as dual PPARγ/CB2 agonists as therapeutic agents for systemic sclerosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:321-334. [PMID: 30825431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) may play a role in the pathophysiology of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Cannabinoids acting as dual PPARγ/CB2 agonists, such as VCE-004.8 and Ajulemic acid (AjA), have been shown to alleviate skin fibrosis and inflammation in SSc models. Since both compounds are being tested in humans, we compared their activities in the bleomycin (BLM) SSc model. Specifically, the pharmacotranscriptomic signature of the compounds was determined by RNA-Seq changes in the skin of BLM mice treated orally with AjA or EHP-101, a lipidic formulation of VCE-004.8. While both compounds down-regulated the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory and fibrotic components of the disease and the pharmacotranscriptomic signatures were similar for both compounds in some pathways, we found key differences between the compounds in vasculogenesis. Additionally, we found 28 specific genes with translation potential by comparing with a list of human scleroderma genes. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that both compounds prevented fibrosis, collagen accumulation and Tenascin C (TNC) expression. The endothelial CD31+/CD34+ cells and telocytes were reduced in BLM mice and restored only by EHP-101 treatment. Finally, differences were found in plasmatic biomarker analysis; EHP-101, but not AjA, enhanced the expression of some factors related to angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Altogether the results indicate that dual PPARγ/CB2 agonists qualify as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of SSc and other fibrotic diseases. EHP-101 demonstrated unique mechanisms of action related to the pathophysiology of SSc that could be beneficial in the treatment of this complex disease without current therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Diego Caprioglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Belén Palomares
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba, Spain; Departament of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Spain; Universitary Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jim DeMesa
- Emerald Health Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba, Spain; Departament of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Spain; Universitary Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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29
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Association between Type I interferon and depletion and dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells in C57BL/6 mice deficient in both apolipoprotein E and Fas ligand. Curr Res Transl Med 2018; 66:71-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Budhwani M, Mazzieri R, Dolcetti R. Plasticity of Type I Interferon-Mediated Responses in Cancer Therapy: From Anti-tumor Immunity to Resistance. Front Oncol 2018; 8:322. [PMID: 30186768 PMCID: PMC6110817 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of several therapeutic strategies against cancer, including cytotoxic drugs, radiotherapy, targeted immunotherapies and oncolytic viruses, depend on intact type I interferon (IFN) signaling for the promotion of both direct (tumor cell inhibition) and indirect (anti-tumor immune responses) effects. Malfunctions of this pathway in tumor cells or in immune cells may be responsible for the lack of response or resistance. Although type I IFN signaling is required to trigger anti-tumor immunity, emerging evidence indicates that chronic activation of type I IFN pathway may be involved in mediating resistance to different cancer treatments. The plastic and dynamic features of type I IFN responses should be carefully considered to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of strategies targeting IFN signaling. Here, we review available evidence supporting the involvement of type I IFN signaling in mediating resistance to various cancer therapies and highlight the most promising modalities that are being tested to overcome resistance.
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31
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Brockwell NK, Parker BS. Tumor inherent interferons: Impact on immune reactivity and immunotherapy. Cytokine 2018; 118:42-47. [PMID: 29681426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, with sustained responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors reported in a number of malignancies. Such therapeutics are now being trialed in aggressive or advanced cancers that are heavily reliant on untargeted therapies, such as triple negative breast cancer. However, responses have been underwhelming to date and are very difficult to predict, leading to an inability to accurately weigh up the benefit-to-risk ratio for their implementation. The tumor immune microenvironment has been closely linked to immunotherapeutic response, with superior responses observed in patients with T cell-inflamed or 'hot' tumors. One class of cytokines, the type I interferons, are a major dictator of tumor immune infiltration and activation. Tumor cell inherent interferon signaling dramatically influences the immune microenvironment and the expression of immune checkpoint proteins, hence regulators and targets of this pathway are candidate biomarkers of immunotherapeutic response. In support of a link between IFN signaling and immunotherapeutic response, the combination of type I interferon inducers with checkpoint immunotherapy has recently been demonstrated critical for a sustained anti-tumor response in aggressive breast cancer models. Here we review evidence that links type I interferons with a hot tumor immune microenvironment, response to checkpoint inhibitors and reduced risk of metastasis that supports their use as biomarkers and therapeutics in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha K Brockwell
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda S Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Yehya AHS, Asif M, Petersen SH, Subramaniam AV, Kono K, Majid AMSA, Oon CE. Angiogenesis: Managing the Culprits behind Tumorigenesis and Metastasis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2018; 54:E8. [PMID: 30344239 PMCID: PMC6037250 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated angiogenesis has been identified as a key contributor in a number of pathological conditions including cancer. It is a complex process, which involves highly regulated interaction of multiple signalling molecules. The pro-angiogenic signalling molecule, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its cognate receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), which is often highly expressed in majority of human cancers, plays a central role in tumour angiogenesis. Owing to the importance of tumour vasculature in carcinogenesis, tumour blood vessels have emerged as an excellent therapeutic target. The anti-angiogenic therapies have been shown to arrest growth of solid tumours through multiple mechanisms, halting the expansion of tumour vasculature and transient normalization of tumour vasculature which help in the improvement of blood flow resulting in more uniform delivery of cytotoxic agents to the core of tumour mass. This also helps in reduction of hypoxia and interstitial pressure leading to reduced chemotherapy resistance and more uniform delivery of cytotoxic agents at the targeted site. Thus, complimentary combination of different agents that target multiple molecules in the angiogenic cascade may optimize inhibition of angiogenesis and improve clinical benefit in the cancer patients. This review provides an update on the current trend in exploitation of angiogenesis pathways as a strategy in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwaq Hamid Salem Yehya
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sven Hans Petersen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Ayappa V Subramaniam
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Koji Kono
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
- School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Amin Malik Shah Abdul Majid
- EMAN Testing and Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton 0200, Australia.
| | - Chern Ein Oon
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
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Jia H, Thelwell C, Dilger P, Bird C, Daniels S, Wadhwa M. Endothelial cell functions impaired by interferon in vitro: Insights into the molecular mechanism of thrombotic microangiopathy associated with interferon therapy. Thromb Res 2018; 163:105-116. [PMID: 29407621 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-β approved for treatment of chronic hepatitis C viral infection and multiple sclerosis respectively have been linked to thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) affecting renal function. Since the molecular mechanisms underlying this severe complication remain largely unclear, we aimed to investigate whether IFN affects directly in vitro endothelial cell functions associated with angiogenesis and blood haemostasis, as well as endothelial cell-derived vasodilators of nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin. METHODS Proliferation and survival of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were measured by BrdU incorporation and alamarBlue assays. Angiogenesis was evaluated in co-cultures of HUVECs and human dermal fibroblasts. Fibrinolysis molecules were measured with ELISA. NO and prostacyclin were measured using a fluorescent NO-specific probe and a competitive enzyme immunoassay, respectively. RESULTS HUVEC proliferation was dose-dependently inhibited by IFN-β1a and IFN-β1b, but not by IFN-α2a and IFN-α2b. Consistently, IFN-β1a and IFN-β1b also reduced survival of HUVECs, but this again was not observed with IFN-α. However, both IFN subtypes inhibited VEGF-induced development of capillary-like structures, but the effect of IFN-α was less potent than IFN-β. In addition, both IFN subtypes upregulated interferon inducible protein 10 production from treated co-cultures while suppressing angiogenesis. Furthermore, intracellular NO generation was reduced by IFN-α2a and IFN-β1a, whereas prostacyclin release from HUVECs was not affected by IFN. Importantly, both IFN-β1a- and IFN-β1b-treated HUVECs showed a marked reduction in urokinase-type plasminogen activator release and a much greater secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 than tissue-type plasminogen activator compared with untreated cells, suggesting decreased fibrinolytic activity. IFN-α, however was less effective in modulating the fibrinolysis system. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the detrimental effects of IFN on endothelial cell functions mediated with angiogenesis and fibrinolysis, which could potentially cause the loss of physiological endothelium thromboresistance and facilitate the development of vascular complications in a clinical setting. Mechanistically, our findings have implications for understanding how IFN therapy can foster the development of TMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Jia
- Section of Cytokines and Growth Factors, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom.
| | - Craig Thelwell
- Section of Haemostasis, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Dilger
- Section of Cytokines and Growth Factors, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Bird
- Section of Cytokines and Growth Factors, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Daniels
- Section of Haemostasis, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
| | - Meenu Wadhwa
- Section of Cytokines and Growth Factors, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
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Lin CZ, Xiang GL, Zhu XH, Xiu LL, Sun JX, Zhang XY. Advances in the mechanisms of action of cancer-targeting oncolytic viruses. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541169 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer virotherapy mediated by oncolytic viruses (OV), has emerged as a novel and effective strategy in cancer therapeutics. Preclinical models have demonstrated anticancer activity against numerous types of cancer. Currently, a number of recombinant viruses are in late phase clinical trials, many of which have demonstrated promising results regarding the safety and reliability of the treatments, particularly when combined with standard antineoplastic therapies. In addition to molecular-targeted therapeutics, genetic engineering of the viruses allows functional complementation to chemotherapy or radiotherapy agents. Co-administration of chemotherapy or radiotherapy is imperative for an effective treatment regime. Additionally, these approaches may be used in combination with current treatments to assist in cancer management. The near future may reveal whether this renewed interest in oncological virotherapy will result in meaningful therapeutic effects in patients. The aim of the present review was to highlight how the knowledge of oncolytic viral specificity and cytotoxicity has advanced in recent years, with a view to discuss OV in clinical application and the future directions of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun-Zhi Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Ling Xiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Hong Zhu
- Department of General Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Lu-Lu Xiu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Xing Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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Stawski L, Marden G, Trojanowska M. The Activation of Human Dermal Microvascular Cells by Poly(I:C), Lipopolysaccharide, Imiquimod, and ODN2395 Is Mediated by the Fli1/FOXO3A Pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:248-259. [PMID: 29141862 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction has been associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases; however, the factors contributing to this dysfunction have not been fully explored. Because activation of TLRs has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, the goal of this study was to determine the effects of TLR ligands on EC function. Human dermal microvascular ECs (HDMECs) treated with TLR3 [Poly(I:C)], TLR4 (LPS), and TLR7 (imiquimod) agonists showed decreased proliferation and a reduced total number of branching tubules in three-dimensional human dermal organoid ex vivo culture. In contrast, the TLR9 ligand class C, ODN2395, increased angiogenesis. The antiproliferative effects of TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7 ligands correlated with significant downregulation of a key regulator of vascular homeostasis, Fli1, whereas TLR9 increased Fli1 levels. Furthermore, Poly(I:C) and LPS induced endothelial to mesenchymal transition that was reversed by the pretreatment with TGF-β neutralizing Ab or re-expression of Fli1. We showed that Fli1 was required for the HDMEC proliferation by transcriptionally repressing FOXO3A. In contrast to TLR9, which suppressed activation of the FOXO3A pathway, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7 ligands activated FOXO3A as indicated by decreased phosphorylation and increased nuclear accumulation. The inverse correlation between Fli1 and FOXO3A was also observed in the vasculature of scleroderma patients. This work revealed opposing effects of TLR9 and TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7 on the key angiogenic pathways, Fli1 and FOXO3A. Our results provide a mechanistic insight into the regulation of angiogenesis by TLRs and confirm a central role of Fli1 in regulating vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Stawski
- Section of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Grace Marden
- Section of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Maria Trojanowska
- Section of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118
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Musella M, Manic G, De Maria R, Vitale I, Sistigu A. Type-I-interferons in infection and cancer: Unanticipated dynamics with therapeutic implications. Oncoimmunology 2017. [PMID: 28638743 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1314424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
If there is a great new hope in the treatment of cancer, the immune system is it. Innate and adaptive immunity either promote or attenuate tumorigenesis and so can have opposing effects on the therapeutic outcome. Originally described as potent antivirals, Type-I interferons (IFNs) were quickly recognized as central coordinators of tumor-immune system interactions. Type-I-IFNs are produced by, and act on, both tumor and immune cells being either host-protecting or tumor-promoting. Here, we discuss Type-I-IFNs in infectious and cancer diseases highlighting their dichotomous role and raising the importance to deeply understand the underlying mechanisms so to reshape the way we can exploit Type-I-IFNs therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Musella
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gwenola Manic
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Department of General Pathology and Physiopathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilio Vitale
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Sistigu
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Kulungowski AM, Hassanein AH, Foster CC, Greene AK, Fishman SJ. Bevacizumab and interferon reduce venous recanalization following sclerotherapy. J Pediatr Surg 2016; 51:1670-3. [PMID: 27570240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The treatment of venous malformations is difficult because these lesions frequently recur after resection or sclerotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether recanalization of sclerosed venous lumens could be prevented with systemic angiogenic inhibition using bevacizumab or peginterferon alfa-2a. METHODS To establish an animal model of recanalization of sclerosed facial veins, 18 rabbits had ethanol sclerotherapy of 1 facial vein followed by venography after 4weeks (n=6), 12weeks (n=6), and 24weeks (n=6). Subsequently, 21 different leporids underwent sclerotherapy of both facial veins (n=42 veins) and were treated pharmacologically in three ways: (1) control (n=14); bevacizumab (n=14); or peginterferon alfa-2a (n=14). Animals received 2 systemic drug doses 1month prior to and during the procedure. Vessel patency was determined 24weeks later using venography. RESULTS Venous recanalization occurred in 33.3% of sclerosed facial veins after 4weeks and 50.0% after 12 and 24weeks. For animals treated with systemic medication, recanalization occurred less frequently when bevacizumab (14.3%, n=2/14) (P=0.04) or peginterferon alfa-2a (7.7%, n=1/14) (P=0.01) was administered compared to controls (57.1%, n=8/14). CONCLUSIONS Systemic treatment with bevacizumab or peginterferon alfa-2a reduces venous recanalization following sclerotherapy in an animal model. Further studies are indicated to determine whether anti-angiogenic pharmacotherapy can prevent recurrence of venous malformations in humans after sclerotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Kulungowski
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aladdin H Hassanein
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Carolyn C Foster
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arin K Greene
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven J Fishman
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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38
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An engineered avian-origin influenza A virus for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma virotherapy. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:2166-2179. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Raphael MF, Breur JMPJ, Vlasveld FAE, Elbert NJ, Liem YTB, Kon M, Breugem CC, Pasmans SGMA. Treatment of infantile hemangiomas: therapeutic options in regard to side effects and adverse events – a review of the literature. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2016; 15:199-214. [DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2016.1130125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martine F. Raphael
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology and Allergology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes M. P. J. Breur
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Florine A. E. Vlasveld
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology and Allergology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niels J. Elbert
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yves T. B. Liem
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Moshe Kon
- Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Corstiaan C. Breugem
- Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne G. M. A. Pasmans
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology and Allergology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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40
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Pikor LA, Bell JC, Diallo JS. Oncolytic Viruses: Exploiting Cancer's Deal with the Devil. Trends Cancer 2015; 1:266-277. [PMID: 28741515 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells harbor tens to thousands of genetic and epigenetic alterations that disrupt cellular pathways, providing them with growth and survival advantages. However, these benefits come at a cost, with uncontrolled cell growth, defective apoptosis, sustained pathological angiogenesis, immune evasion, and a metastatic phenotype occurring at the expense of the antiviral response of the individual tumor cell. Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging therapeutic strategy that uses replication-competent viruses to selectivity kill cancer cells by exploiting their impaired antiviral response. In this review, we outline our understanding of the alterations in signaling pathways that simultaneously contribute to the malignant phenotype and virus-mediated killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa A Pikor
- Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ONT, Canada
| | - John C Bell
- Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ONT, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ONT, Canada
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ONT, Canada.
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41
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Colletti G, Dalmonte P, Moneghini L, Ferrari D, Allevi F. Adjuvant role of anti-angiogenic drugs in the management of head and neck arteriovenous malformations. Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:298-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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42
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Spaccarelli N, Rook AH. The Use of Interferons in the Treatment of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. Dermatol Clin 2015; 33:731-45. [PMID: 26433845 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interferons are polypeptides that naturally occur in the human body as a part of the innate immune response. By harnessing these immunomodulatory functions, synthetic interferons have shown efficacy in combating various diseases including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This article closely examines the qualities of interferon alfa and interferon gamma and the evidence behind their use in the 2 most common types of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, namely, mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Spaccarelli
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Alain H Rook
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Yıldırım C, Nieuwenhuis S, Teunissen PF, Horrevoets AJ, van Royen N, van der Pouw Kraan TC. Interferon-Beta, a Decisive Factor in Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 35:411-20. [DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Yıldırım
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Nieuwenhuis
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul F. Teunissen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton J.G. Horrevoets
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels van Royen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Talpaz M, Mercer J, Hehlmann R. The interferon-alpha revival in CML. Ann Hematol 2015; 94 Suppl 2:S195-207. [PMID: 25814086 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-015-2326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Interferon-alpha (IFNα) was once the standard of frontline treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Its pleiotropic mechanism of action in CML includes immune activation and specific targeting of CML stem cells. Early studies of IFNα in CML demonstrated that patients in chronic phase could attain extremely stable remissions, which correlated with long-term survival. Some patients even sustained their remission after discontinuing therapy, but the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is not well understood. Today, BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as imatinib, induce remarkable responses in CML patients and have become the mainstay of CML therapy. Although TKIs target the pathogenic BCR-ABL protein in CML, they cannot fully eradicate CML stem cells. Some of the clinical trials testing IFNα plus imatinib combination therapy suggest that addition of IFNα increases the speed and rate of responses with imatinib therapy. However, the undesirable side effects of IFNα can make this therapy difficult to deliver, and the optimal therapeutic window for using IFNα in combination therapy is unknown. Further studies are needed to clarify the best niche for IFNα use in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Talpaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Comprehensive Cancer Center Room 4302, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5936, USA,
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45
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Cerdeira AS, Thadhani R. Editorial: “Interfering” With Preeclampsia. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:862-4. [DOI: 10.1002/art.39028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravi Thadhani
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
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46
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Spaapen RM, Leung MYK, Fuertes MB, Kline JP, Zhang L, Zheng Y, Fu YX, Luo X, Cohen KS, Gajewski TF. Therapeutic Activity of High-Dose Intratumoral IFN-β Requires Direct Effect on the Tumor Vasculature. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:4254-60. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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47
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Alvarez-Twose I, Matito A, Sánchez-Muñoz L, Morgado JM, Escribano L. Management of adult mastocytosis. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2014. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2014.884922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ilkow CS, Swift SL, Bell JC, Diallo JS. From scourge to cure: tumour-selective viral pathogenesis as a new strategy against cancer. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1003836. [PMID: 24453963 PMCID: PMC3894191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour mutations corrupt cellular pathways, and accumulate to disrupt, dysregulate, and ultimately avoid mechanisms of cellular control. Yet the very changes that tumour cells undergo to secure their own growth success also render them susceptible to viral infection. Enhanced availability of surface receptors, disruption of antiviral sensing, elevated metabolic activity, disengagement of cell cycle controls, hyperactivation of mitogenic pathways, and apoptotic avoidance all render the malignant cell environment highly supportive to viral replication. The therapeutic use of oncolytic viruses (OVs) with a natural tropism for infecting and subsequently lysing tumour cells is a rapidly progressing area of cancer research. While many OVs exhibit an inherent degree of tropism for transformed cells, this can be further promoted through pharmacological interventions and/or the introduction of viral mutations that generate recombinant oncolytic viruses adapted to successfully replicate only in a malignant cellular environment. Such adaptations that augment OV tumour selectivity are already improving the therapeutic outlook for cancer, and there remains tremendous untapped potential for further innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina S. Ilkow
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - John C. Bell
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Mehrotra S, Sharma B, Joshi S, Kroczynska B, Majchrzak B, Stein BL, McMahon B, Altman JK, Licht JD, Baker DP, Eklund EA, Wickrema A, Verma A, Fish EN, Platanias LC. Essential role for the Mnk pathway in the inhibitory effects of type I interferons on myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) precursors. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:23814-22. [PMID: 23814052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.476192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of generation of the antineoplastic effects of interferons (IFNs) in malignant hematopoietic cells remain to be precisely defined. We examined the activation of type I IFN-dependent signaling pathways in malignant cells transformed by Jak2V617F, a critical pathogenic mutation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Our studies demonstrate that during engagement of the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR), there is activation of Jak-Stat pathways and also engagement of Mnk kinases. Activation of Mnk kinases is regulated by the Mek/Erk pathway and is required for the generation of IFN-induced growth inhibitory responses, but Mnk kinase activation does not modulate IFN-regulated Jak-Stat signals. We demonstrate that for type I IFNs to exert suppressive effects in malignant hematopoietic progenitors from patients with polycythemia vera, induction of Mnk kinase activity is required, as evidenced by studies involving pharmacological inhibition of Mnk or siRNA-mediated Mnk knockdown. Altogether, these findings provide evidence for key and essential roles of the Mnk kinase pathway in the generation of the antineoplastic effects of type I IFNs in Jak2V617F-dependent MPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarna Mehrotra
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center and Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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Sgorbissa A, Brancolini C. IFNs, ISGylation and cancer: Cui prodest? Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2012; 23:307-14. [PMID: 22906767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
IFNs are cytokines that segregate viral infections, modulate the immune responses and influence tumor cells survival. These options are under the control of ISGs (Interferon Stimulated Genes) which expression is propelled by IFNs. To the ISGs family belong all the components of the molecular machinery that modifies proteins by the addition of the ubiquitin-like protein ISG15, in a process known as ISGylation. Despite alterations in the components of this machinery are frequently observed in cancer, the contribution of ISG15 and of ISGylation to tumor growth and resistance to chemotherapy is unclear and debated. With the aim of elucidating this point, in this review we have discussed about recent data pointing to a dysregulation of the IFN signaling and the ISGylation system in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sgorbissa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche and MATI Center of Excellence, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
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