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Bozari S. In vitro Genotoxicity and In silico Docking Analyses of the Essential Oils of Thuja orientalis. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301643. [PMID: 38072835 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Two main objectives were pursued to assess the reliability of Thuja orientalis essential oils (TOEO). The first objective was to extract TOEO, analyze them by GC-MS, and determine their in vitro genotoxicity against selected plants using the RAPD-PCR method. The second objective was to evaluate the in-silico toxicity of TOEO. The binding sites and energies of each content was calculated against B-DNA. In-silico analyses were performed using a simulation program, AutoDock Vina, and Toxicity Estimation Software Tools. 3-carene, cedrol, and 2-pinene were identified as the predominant components. In vitro studies showed that the TOEO had a more significant impact on reducing genomic stability in wheat compared to the amaranth. The lowest stability was determined as 39.78 % in wheat and 53.58 % in amaranth. Cedrol (-5,7 kcal/mol) and selinene (-5,6 kcal/mol) exhibited the highest binding affinity. The toxicity test indicated that components other than cyclohexene may have toxic effects, none of them were predicted to be mutagenic, and LD50 (mol/kg) values could vary between 1.33 and 1.55.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Bozari
- Muş Alparslan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 49250, Mus, Türkiye
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Shahinozzaman M, Islam M, Basak B, Sultana A, Emran R, Ashrafizadeh M, Islam ATMR. A review on chemistry, source and therapeutic potential of lambertianic acid. Z NATURFORSCH C 2021; 76:347-356. [PMID: 33826808 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lambertianic acid (LA) is a diterpene bioactive compound mainly purified from different species of Pinus. It is an optical isomer of another natural compound daniellic acid and was firstly purified from Pinus lambertiana. LA can be synthesized in laboratory from podocarpic acid. It has been reported to have potential health benefits in attenuating obesity, allergies and different cancers including breast, liver, lung and prostate cancer. It exhibits anticancer properties through inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and survival, and inducing apoptosis, targeting major signalling components including AKT, AMPK, NFkB, COX-2, STAT3, etc. Most of the studies with LA were done using in vitro models, thus warranting future investigations with animal models to evaluate its pharmacological effects such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects as well as to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and toxicological profile. This review describes the chemistry, source, purification and therapeutic potentials of LA and it can therefore be a suitable guideline for any future study with LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahinozzaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Moutushi Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Bristy Basak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Arifa Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rashiduzzaman Emran
- Department of Biochemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.,Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
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Akaberi M, Boghrati Z, Amiri MS, Khayyat MH, Emami SA. A Review of Conifers in Iran: Chemistry, Biology and their Importance in Traditional and Modern Medicine. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1584-1613. [PMID: 32003665 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200128100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cupressus sempervirens, Platycladus orientalis, Juniperus communis, J. excelsa, J. foetidissima, J. polycarpos var. turcomanica, J. sabina, and Taxus baccata are conifers in Iran. These plants have a long reputation in different systems of traditional medicines for a variety of diseases. This review aims to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information about the ethnopharmacological uses, chemical constituents, and pharmacology of these conifers. Furthermore this study comprises a bibliographical survey of major Islamic Traditional Medicine (ITM) books regarding different medical aspects of these species. A literature search was conducted on the applications of these conifers both in traditional and modern medicines by referencing traditional textbooks and scientific databases. Ethnobotanical literature review indicates that various parts of the plants including cones, berries, leaves, bark, wood, and resin have been used for a broad spectrum of applications. In Iran, C. sempervirens, J. sabina, J. communis, and T. baccata have been used traditionally for the treatment of urinary, digestive, nervous, respiratory, and integumentary systems-related problems. The phytochemical constituents of these plants can be divided into two main categories: volatile and non-volatile components, all dominated by terpenes. Considering the pharmacological and clinical evidence, while some of the traditional applications of these plants are supported by modern medicine, implying the value of the traditional and folklore knowledge for finding new lead compounds in drug discovery, some have remained unexamined showing the need for much more studies in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akaberi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Boghrati
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad H Khayyat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed A Emami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Benassi A, Doria F, Pirota V. Groundbreaking Anticancer Activity of Highly Diversified Oxadiazole Scaffolds. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228692. [PMID: 33217987 PMCID: PMC7698752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, an increasing number of heterocyclic-based drugs found application in medicinal chemistry and, in particular, as anticancer agents. In this context, oxadiazoles—five-membered aromatic rings—emerged for their interesting biological properties. Modification of oxadiazole scaffolds represents a valid strategy to increase their anticancer activity, especially on 1,2,4 and 1,3,4 regioisomers. In the last years, an increasing number of oxadiazole derivatives, with remarkable cytotoxicity for several tumor lines, were identified. Structural modifications, that ensure higher cytotoxicity towards malignant cells, represent a solid starting point in the development of novel oxadiazole-based drugs. To increase the specificity of this strategy, outstanding oxadiazole scaffolds have been designed to selectively interact with biological targets, including enzymes, globular proteins, and nucleic acids, showing more promising antitumor effects. In the present work, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the anticancer activity of these heterocycles, describing their effect on different targets and highlighting how their structural versatility has been exploited to modulate their biological properties.
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Mironov ME, Poltanovich AI, Rybalova TV, Dolgikh MP, Tolstikova TG, Shults EE. Synthesis and analgesic activity of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles containing a diterpenoid moiety. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Suppression of STAT3 Phosphorylation and RelA/p65 Acetylation Mediated by MicroRNA134 Plays a Pivotal Role in the Apoptotic Effect of Lambertianic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122993. [PMID: 31248140 PMCID: PMC6628272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As p300-mediated RelA/p65 hyperacetylation by signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) is critical for NF-κB activation, in the current study, the apoptotic mechanism of lambertianic acid (LA) was explored in relation to STAT3 phosphorylation and RelA/p65 acetylation in MCF-7, DU145, PC-3, and MDA-MB-453 cells. LA significantly increased the cytotoxicity, sub G 1 population, and the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in MDA-MB-453 or PC-3 cells (STAT3 mutant), more than in the MCF-7 or DU145 cells (STAT3 wild). Consistently, LA inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and disrupted the interaction between p-STAT3, p300, NF-κB, and RelA/p65 acetylation (Ac-RelA/p65) in the MCF-7 and DU145 cells. Also, LA reduced the nuclear translocation of STAT3 and NF-κB via their colocalization, and also suppressed the protein expression of XIAP, survivin, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Cox-2, c-Myc and mRNA expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in MCF-7 cells. Conversely, IL-6 blocked the ability of LA to suppress the cytotoxicity and PARP cleavage, while the depletion of STAT3 or p300 enhanced the PARP cleavage of LA in the MCF-7 cells. Notably, LA upregulated the level of miRNA134 and so miRNA134 mimic attenuated the expression of pro-PARP, p-STAT3, and Ac-RelA, while the miRNA134 inhibitor reversed the ability of LA to reduce the expression of Ac-RelA and pro-PARP in MCF-7 cells. Overall, these findings suggest that LA induced apoptosis via the miRNA-134 mediated inhibition of STAT3 and RelA/p65 acetylation.
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Ahn DS, Lee HJ, Hwang J, Han H, Kim B, Shim B, Kim SH. Lambertianic Acid Sensitizes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis via Inhibition of XIAP/NF-κB and Activation of Caspases and Death Receptor 4. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051476. [PMID: 29772677 PMCID: PMC5983579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lambertianic acid (LA) is a biologically active compound from the leaves of Pinus koraiensis. In the present study, apoptotic mechanisms of LA plus TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) were elucidated in non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLCs). Cytotoxicity assay, flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting were performed. Here, combined treatment of LA and TRAIL increased cytotoxicity, sub-G1 population, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and caspase3/8/9 in A549 and H1299 cells compared to LA or TRAIL alone. Furthermore, combined treatment of LA and TRAIL significantly decreased antiapoptotic proteins such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Fas-like inhibitor protein (FLIP), and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), and enhanced the activation of proapoptotic proteins Bid compared to LA or TRAIL alone. In addition, combined treatment of LA and TRAIL upregulated the expression of Death receptor 4 (DR4) and downregulated phosphorylation of nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (p-NF-κB), inhibitory protein of kB family (p-IκB), and FLIP in A549 and H1299 cells along with disrupted binding of XIAP with caspase3 or NF-κB. Overall, these findings suggest that lambertianic acid enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis via inhibition of XIAP/NF-κB in TRAIL resistant NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok Soo Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hyo Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jisung Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hyukgyu Han
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - BumSang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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Reactive oxygen species dependent phosphorylation of the liver kinase B1/AMP activated protein kinase/ acetyl-CoA carboxylase signaling is critically involved in apoptotic effect of lambertianic acid in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70116-70129. [PMID: 29050265 PMCID: PMC5642540 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Though lambertianic acid (LA) is reported to have hypolipidemic activity in liver, its underlying anticancer mechanism is poorly understood so far. Thus, in the present study, apoptotic mechanism of LA was elucidated in HepG2 and SK-Hep1 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Here LA increased cytotoxicity, sub-G1 population and Annexin V/PI positive cells in two HCC cells. Also, LA cleaved caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), activated phosphorylation of liver kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) pathway and also suppressed antiapoptotic proteins such as phosphorylation of Akt/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the expression of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/ B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in two HCC cells. Furthermore, LA generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells and AMPK inhibitor compound C or ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) blocked the apoptotic ability of LA to cleave PARP or increase sub G1 population in HepG2 cells. Consistently, cleavages of PARP and caspase-3 were induced by LA only in AMPK+/+ MEF cells, but not in AMPK-/- MEF cells. Also, immunoprecipitation (IP) revealed that phosphorylation of LKB1/AMPK through their binding was enhanced in LA treated HepG2 cells. Overall, these findings suggest that ROS dependent phosphorylation of LKB1/AMPK/ACC signaling is critically involved in LA induced apoptosis in HCCs.
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Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Kang S, Moon NR, Kim DS, Lee NR, Kim KS, Park S. Topical treatments of Saussurea costus root and Thuja orientalis L. synergistically alleviate atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by inhibiting protease-activated receptor-2 and NF-κB signaling in HaCaT cells and Nc/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 199:97-105. [PMID: 28159725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The root of Saussurea costus (Aucklandia lappa Decne, Aucklandiae Radix, SC) and Thuja orientalis L. (TOL) have been traditionally used as anti-inflammatory agents in Korea. However, they have not been studied for the efficacy of atopic dermatitis (AD) treatment, a chronic inflammatory skin disease. We investigated the efficacy of topical applications with 1,3-butyleneglycol extracts of SC and TOL to alleviate the symptoms of AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS HaCaT cells and the dorsal skin of Nc/Nga mice had a local exposure of house mite extracts and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), respectively. After lesions developed, we topically applied 1,3-butylen glycol (vehicle; control), SC (30%), TOL (30%), or SC (15%)+TOL (15%) to the skin lesions for 5 weeks. The normal-control was not exposed to DNCB. The skin thickness, mast cell infiltration, serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IgG1 and gene expressions of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IFN-γ in the dorsal skin and HaCaT cells were measured. RESULTS Chlorogenic acid (129.6±10.2μg/g) for SC and catechin and apigenin (93.4±13.2 and 16.9±1.3μg/g, respectively) for TOL were used as indicator compounds for the strength of the extracts. SC+TOL decreased the expression of protease-activated receptor-2 and ICAM-1 and the release of TNF-α and IL-6 in HaCaT cells activated by 3μg/mL house mite extracts in comparison to either of SC or TOL alone. In Nc/Nga mice challenged with DNCB, SC+TOL synergistically attenuated clinical symptoms of AD such as erythema, hemorrhage, edema, excoriation and dryness in the dorsal skin better than either SC or TOL alone. Histological analysis of the dorsal skin also showed that SC+TOL treatment significantly and additively decreased the inflammatory cellular infiltrate, including mast cells and eosinophils in comparison to either of SC or TOL. SC+TOL also decreased serum IgE and IgG1 levels and the expression of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-13 mRNA in dorsal skin in DNCB-treated Nc/Nga mice. CONCLUSION SC+TOL relieved the symptoms of AD by reducing pro-inflammatory activity and over-activated immune responses. These data suggest that SC+TOL may be an effective alternative intervention for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jeong Yang
- Division of Strategic Food Industry Research, Korea Food Research Institute, South Korea; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Yong In University, South Korea.
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, South Korea; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Yong In University, South Korea.
| | - Suna Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
| | - Na Rang Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
| | - Da Sol Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
| | - Na Ra Lee
- Department of Nanobiomechatronics, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
| | - Kang Sung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Yong In University, South Korea.
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
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Anti-Cancer Effect of Lambertianic Acid by Inhibiting the AR in LNCaP Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071066. [PMID: 27399684 PMCID: PMC4964442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lambertianic acid (LA) is known to have anti-allergic and antibacterial effects. However, the anticancer activities and mechanism of action of LA have not been investigated. Therefore, the anticancer effects and mechanism of LA are investigated in this study. LA decreased not only AR protein levels, but also cellular and secretory levels of PSA. Furthermore, LA inhibited nuclear translocation of the AR induced by mibolerone. LA suppressed cell proliferation by inducing G1 arrest, downregulating CDK4/6 and cyclin D1 and activating p53 and its downstream molecules, p21 and p27. LA induced apoptosis and the expression of related proteins, including cleaved caspase-9 and -3, c-PARP and BAX, and inhibited BCl-2. The role of AR in LA-induced apoptosis was assessed by using siRNA. Collectively, these findings suggest that LA exerts the anticancer effect by inhibiting AR and is a valuable therapeutic agent in prostate cancer treatment.
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Huyan T, Li Q, Wang YL, Li J, Zhang JY, Liu YX, Shahid MR, Yang H, Li HQ. Anti-tumor effect of hot aqueous extracts from Sonchus oleraceus (L.) L. and Juniperus sabina L - Two traditional medicinal plants in China. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 185:289-299. [PMID: 27001625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sonchus oleraceus (L.) L (SO) and Juniperus sabina L (JS) are traditional medicinal plants in China. And the aqueous extracts of them have been used to treat tumor, inflammatory diseases, infection and so on in Chinese folk culture. However, the underlying mechanisms of their anti-tumor activities have not been illustrated yet. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts from SO and JS on tumor cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The prepared aqueous extracts of SO and JS were used to treat HepG-2 and K562 tumor cells, while the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were set as normal control. The viabilities, cell cycle and apoptosis of tumor cells after extracts treatment were assessed, in addition the expression of apoptosis-related genes (FasL, caspase 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10) were analyzed. Meanwhile, the adherence and migration of HepG-2 were tested, and the expression levels of MMPs and ICAM-1 were analyzed. On top of that, the pSTAT in the two cells were also analyzed and suggested the related signaling pathway that the extracts acted on with in these tumor cells. RESULTS Results showed that aqueous extracts of SO and JS have inhibitory effects on HepG-2 and K562 cells by decreasing cell viability and inducing apoptosis via up-regulation of the expression of the apoptosis-related genes FasL, caspase 3 and caspase 9. The extracts had different IC50 on tumor cells and PBMCs, which could block the tumor cell cycle at the G(0)/G(1) stage and significantly inhibit the adherence of HepG-2 cells. The extracts inhibited migration of these cells by inhibiting the expression of ICAM-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9. Further study indicated that the inhibition of pSTAT1 and 3 might be responsible for the inhibitory effects of the extracts on tumor cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results of this study indicated that SO and JS extracts had the anti-tumor effects, which may be developed as novel anti-tumor drugs and used in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huyan
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jian-Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ya-Xiong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Muhammad Riaz Shahid
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Huan-Qing Li
- Desert Plants & Ecological Civilization Research Center, Northwest University, 229 Tai Bai North road, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
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Kharitonov YV, Shakirov MM, Shults EE. Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of chiral macrocyclic furanolabdanoids connected on the 16,17-positions by 1,2,3-triazole rings with methylene or oxamethylene units. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-016-0596-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mironov ME, Pokrovsky MA, Kharitonov YV, Shakirov MM, Pokrovsky AG, Shults EE. Furanolabdanoid-based 1,2,4-oxadiazoles: Synthesis and cytotoxic activity. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim E. Mironov
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry; Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry; Siberian Branch; Russian Academy of Sciences; Lavrentyev Avenue 9 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Medicinal Departments; Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia, Fax: +7-383-330-9752
| | - Mikhail A. Pokrovsky
- Medicinal Departments; Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia, Fax: +7-383-330-9752
| | - Yurii V. Kharitonov
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry; Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry; Siberian Branch; Russian Academy of Sciences; Lavrentyev Avenue 9 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Medicinal Departments; Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia, Fax: +7-383-330-9752
| | - Makhmut M. Shakirov
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry; Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry; Siberian Branch; Russian Academy of Sciences; Lavrentyev Avenue 9 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Andrey G. Pokrovsky
- Medicinal Departments; Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia, Fax: +7-383-330-9752
| | - Elvira E. Shults
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry; Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry; Siberian Branch; Russian Academy of Sciences; Lavrentyev Avenue 9 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Medicinal Departments; Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia, Fax: +7-383-330-9752
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Lee MS, Cho SM, Lee MH, Lee EO, Kim SH, Lee HJ. Ethanol extract of Pinus koraiensis leaves containing lambertianic acid exerts anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:51. [PMID: 26846328 PMCID: PMC4743410 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic mechanisms of lambertianic acid (LA) isolated from Pinus koraiensis leaves and the ethanol extract of Pinus koraiensis leaves (EPK), both in vitro and in vivo. Methods Differentiated 3T3L-1 cells were treated with EPK (25 or 50 μg/mL) or LA (200 μM) and analyzed by western blotting or RT-PCR. In vitro, lipid accumulation of adipocytes was observed using Oil-Red-O staining and triglyceride analysis. The contribution of AMPK to anti-obesity activity was assessed by siRNA-mediated AMPK knockdown. After AMPK silencing, expression of AMPK was observed by western blotting. To confirm the in vitro activity, an animal study was conducted by administering a normal diet, HFD, and EPK for 6 weeks. Obesity-related physiological parameters and protein levels were measured. Results LA induced the expression of p-AMPK and inhibited PPARγ, C/EBP α, adiponectin, FAS, SREBP-1, and HMGCR expression. EPK containing LA significantly decreased lipid accumulation and triglyceride levels in the differentiated 3 T3-L1 cells. EPK treatment suppressed the expression of adipogenic transcription factors, FABP, GPDH, and cholesterol-synthesis-related factors in the differentiated 3 T3-L1 cells. EPK increased the expression of p-AMPK. The effects of EPK were reversed on inhibiting AMPK by using AMPK siRNA and compound C. In vivo analysis showed that body weight gain, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and AI value in the EPK treatment group were lower than those in the HFD control group. EPK induced the expression of p-AMPK and inhibited PPARγ in liver and adipose tissue. Conclusions Overall, the results suggest that EPK containing LA exerts significant anti-obesity and cholesterol-lowering effects by activating AMPK. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1031-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Shin IS, Shin NR, Jeon CM, Kwon OK, Hong JM, Kim HS, Oh SR, Ahn KS. Thuja orientalis reduces airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4640-4646. [PMID: 26063078 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thuja orientalis (TO) may be used as a herbal remedy for the treatment of numerous inflammatory diseases. In the present study, the effects of TO were evaluated on airway inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA)‑induced allergic asthma and RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. The effects of TO on the production of proinflammatory mediators, were determined in RAW264.7 cells that had been stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, an in vivo experiment was performed on mice that were sensitized to OVA and then received an OVA airway challenge. TO was administered by daily oral gavage at a dose of 30 mg/kg, 21‑23 days after the initial OVA sensitization. TO was shown to reduce nitric oxide production and reduce the relative mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)‑6, cyclooxygenase‑2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑9, and tumor necrosis factor‑α in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. In addition, TO markedly decreased the inflammatory cell counts in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid, reduced the levels of IL‑4, IL‑5, IL‑13, eotaxin and immunoglobulin E, and reduced airway hyperresponsivenes, in the OVA sensitized mice. Furthermore, TO attenuated airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion, induced by the OVA challenge of the lung tissue. TO also reduced the expression of iNOS and MMP‑9 in lung tissue. In conclusion, TO exerted anti‑inflammatory effects in an OVA‑induced allergic asthma model, and in LPS‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that TO may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Sik Shin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon‑gun, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Rae Shin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon‑gun, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Mi Jeon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon‑gun, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyoung Kwon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon‑gun, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Mi Hong
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon‑gun, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Seong Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon‑gun, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon‑gun, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Seop Ahn
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon‑gun, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
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Synthetic transformation of higher terpenoids 31. Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazolyl-containing furan labdanoids and studies of their cytotoxic activity. Russ Chem Bull 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-013-0297-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Shul′ts EE, Mironov ME, Kharitonov YV. Furanoditerpenoids of the Labdane Series: Occurrence in Plants, Total Synthesis, Several Transformations, and Biological Activity. Chem Nat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-014-0861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shan MQ, Shang J, Ding AW. Platycladus orientalis leaves: a systemic review on botany, phytochemistry and pharmacology. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:523-42. [PMID: 24871649 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Platycladus orientalis leaves (Cebaiye) have been used for thousands of years as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). According to the theory of TCM, they are categorized as a blood-cooling and hematostatic herb. In clinical practice, they were usually prescribed with heat-clearing herbs to reinforce the efficacy of hemostasis. The review provides the up-to-date information from 1980 to present that is available on the botany, processing research, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of the leaves. The information is collected from scientific journals, books, theses and reports via library and electronic search (Google Scholar, Pubmed and CNKI). Through literature reports, we can find that the leaves show a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, disinsection, anticancer, diuretic, hair growth-promoting, neuroprotective and antifibrotic activities. Diterpene and flavonoids would be active constituents in P. orientalis leaves. Many studies have provided evidence for various traditional uses. However, there is a great need for additional studies to elucidate the mechanism of blood-cooling and hematostatic activity of the leaves. Therefore, the present review on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and toxicity has provided preliminary information for further studies of this herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qiu Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
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Keum JH, Kang OH, Kim SB, Mun SH, Seo YS, Kim MR, Rho JR, Lee YS, Park CB, Kim YG, Kim YI, Han SH, Kwon DY. The anti-inflammatory effect of Cheongseoikki-tang ethanol extract on allergic reactions mediated by bone marrow-derived mast cells. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 19:380-6. [PMID: 23494327 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-013-1448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cheongseoikki-tang (CIT, Korean), also called Qingshu Yiqi decoction () and Seisho-ekki-to (Japanese), is well known as an effective traditional combination of herbs for treating cardiovascular diseases. This study was to research its effects on bone marrow-derived mast cell (BMMC)-mediated allergy and inflammation mechanisms. METHODS In this study, the biological effect of Cheongseoikki-tang ethanol extract (CITE) was evaluated, focusing on its effects on the production of allergic mediators by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187 (A23187)-stimulated BMMCs. These allergic mediators included interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), leukotriene C4 (LTC4), and β-hexosaminidase (β-hex). RESULTS Our data revealed that CITE inhibited the production of IL-6, PGD2, LTC4, and β-hex induced by PMA plus A23187 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that CITE has the potential for use in the treatment of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Ho Keum
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
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Afzal A, Oriqat G, Akram Khan M, Jose J, Afzal M. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Terpenoids fromCurcumaand Related Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/22311866.2013.782757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Jung HW, Kang SY, Park KH, Oh TW, Jung JK, Kim SH, Choi DJ, Park YK. Effect of the Semen Extract of Thuja orientalis on Inflammatory Responses in Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model and LPS-Stimulated BV-2 Microglia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:99-117. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the central nervous system inflammation is dependent upon the synthesis of various inflammatory mediators by local neurons, astrocytes and especially microglia. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of the semen extract of Thuja orientalis (Thujae Orientalis Semen; TOS) on transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO)-induced ischemia in rats and the production of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 mouse microglia. TOS extract significantly decreased the infarction volumes of ischemic brains and also inhibited microglia activation and neuronal death. In addition, TOS extract significantly decreased the production of NO, PGE2 and IL-1β in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia. TOS extract also attenuated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and IL-1β mRNAs and proteins in activated microglia. Furthermore, TOS extract significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK, and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in activated microglia. Our results indicate that TOS extract is capable of inhibiting microglia activation in an ischemic brain through the down-regulation of inflammatory responses, suggesting that the TOS extract may have therapeutic potential as an anti-inflammatory drug for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Won Jung
- Oriental Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Yong Kang
- Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Oh
- Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ki Jung
- Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Hee Kim
- Oriental Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Choi
- Department of Oriental Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Oriental Hospital, Gyeonggido 410-773, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ki Park
- Oriental Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
- Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
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Biota orientalis induces cell proliferation through growth factor receptor expression in human dermal fibroblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-012-0098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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